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1

Sunnatillo, Rashidov Rashid o'g'li. "KATTAQO'RG'ON TUMANIDAGI JOY NOMLARI VA URUG'LAR." Journal of Universal Science Research 1, no. 6 (2023): 331–35. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8022398.

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Ushbu maqolada Samarqand viloyatining yirik tumanlaridan biri hisoblangan Kataqo’rg’on tumanining toponimikasi va etnotoponimikasi ya’ni ushbu hududda qadimdan yashab kelgan qabila va urug’lar nomlarining joy nomlariga ta’siri shuningdek ba’zi bir qabila nomlarining hudud nomiga ko’chganligi kabi masalalar o’rganilib chiqiladi. Shu jumladan ushbu hududda joylashgan, “Kadan”, “Mundiyon”, “Abulqosim” hamda boshqa tumanlarda ham uchraydigan “Chordara”, “Nayman”,“Arabxona” kabi n
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2

Kulmatov, R., O. Ruzikulova, and A. Taylakov. "Determination and assessment of water resources balance of Aydar-Arnasay Lake System in Uzbekistan." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1068, no. 1 (2022): 012045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1068/1/012045.

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Abstract Determining and assessing the water balance of the Aydar Arnasay Lakes System (AALS) is important for the development of fisheries, ecotourism and efficient use of water resources in the region. The amount of water included in the water balance of the AALS is the addition of Syrdarya water, collector drainage water, snow-rain and groundwater, which are poured into the lake system through the Chordara reservoir. The amount of water released from the lake system includes water released from the water basin by evaporation into the atmosphere, used for infiltration and irrigation. The art
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3

Zeng, Liyun, and Billie J. Swalla. "Molecular phylogeny of the protochordates: chordate evolution." Canadian Journal of Zoology 83, no. 1 (2005): 24–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z05-010.

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The deuterostomes are a monophyletic group of multicellular animals that include the Chordata, a phylum that exhibits a unique body plan within the metazoans. Deuterostomes classically contained three phyla, Echinodermata, Hemichordata, and Chordata. Protochordata describes two invertebrate chordate subphyla, the Tunicata (Urochordata) and the Cephalochordata. Tunicate species are key to understanding chordate origins, as they have tadpole larvae with a chordate body plan. However, molecular phylogenies show only weak support for the Tunicata as the sister-group to the rest of the chordates, s
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4

Satoh, Noriyuki, Daniel Rokhsar, and Teruaki Nishikawa. "Chordate evolution and the three-phylum system." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 281, no. 1794 (2014): 20141729. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.1729.

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Traditional metazoan phylogeny classifies the Vertebrata as a subphylum of the phylum Chordata, together with two other subphyla, the Urochordata (Tunicata) and the Cephalochordata. The Chordata, together with the phyla Echinodermata and Hemichordata, comprise a major group, the Deuterostomia. Chordates invariably possess a notochord and a dorsal neural tube. Although the origin and evolution of chordates has been studied for more than a century, few authors have intimately discussed taxonomic ranking of the three chordate groups themselves. Accumulating evidence shows that echinoderms and hem
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5

Di Bacco, Lorenzo, Antonio Miceli, and Mattia Glauber. "Mitral Valve Repair Techniques With Neochords: When Sizing Matters." Innovations: Technology and Techniques in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery 15, no. 1 (2020): 22–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1556984520901487.

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Mitral valve (MV) repair procedures have evolved over time and multiple approaches have been proposed also for the repair with neochords implantation. This article compiles the currently available approaches for implanting and sizing neochords, to restore a proper coaptation of the MV leaflets and a good systo-dyastolic movement. The described techniques are aimed at standardizing chordal measurement, in order to reduce variability in chordal length. The placement of annuloplasty ring before chordae implantation should be avoided. Regardless of the technique chosen, it is important that the im
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6

Wang, Hanjay, Michael Paulsen, Annabel Imbrie-Moore, et al. "In Vivo Validation of Restored Chordal Biomechanics After Mitral Ring Annuloplasty in a Rare Ovine Case of Natural Chronic Functional Mitral Regurgitation." Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease 7, no. 2 (2020): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcdd7020017.

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Mitral valve chordae tendineae forces are elevated in the setting of mitral regurgitation (MR). Ring annuloplasty is an essential component of surgical repair for MR, but whether chordal forces are reduced after mitral annuloplasty has never been validated in vivo. Here, we present an extremely rare ovine case of natural, severe chronic functional MR, in which we used force-sensing fiber Bragg grating neochordae to directly measure chordal forces in the baseline setting of severe MR, as well as after successful mitral ring annuloplasty repair. Overall, our report is the first to confirm in viv
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7

Pitsis, Antonios, Nikolaos Tsotsolis, Efstratios Theofilogiannakos, Harisios Boudoulas, and Konstantinos Dean Boudoulas. "Preoperative determination of artificial chordae tendineae length by transoesophageal echocardiography in totally endoscopic mitral valve repair." Interactive CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery 31, no. 1 (2020): 20–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icvts/ivaa046.

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Abstract OBJECTIVES Artificial chordae tendineae are widely used for surgical repair in patients with mitral regurgitation due to floppy mitral valve/mitral valve prolapse. Expanded polytetrafluoroethylene has been used to construct these artificial chordae; however, the determination of the optimal length of the chordae prior to surgery has been an issue. For this reason, such a method was developed and the results of its use are presented. METHODS Forty-seven consecutive patients with significant mitral regurgitation due to floppy mitral valve/mitral valve prolapse who underwent totally endo
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8

Cui, Yu, Xiang-yan Cui, Tingting Yu, Zhan-peng Zhu, and Xin Wang. "Primary maxillofacial chordoma: a rare case report and literature review." Journal of International Medical Research 47, no. 9 (2019): 4575–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300060519866280.

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Primary maxillofacial chordoma is extremely rare. We herein report a very rare case of a recurrent maxillofacial chordate tumor that was diagnosed in a 56-year-old woman who underwent three tumor resections. After surgical treatment, the patient healed well with an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group score of 1. She was discharged to a local hospital for adjuvant radiotherapy. Close follow-up was ongoing at the time of this writing. Radical surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy remain the main treatment strategies for chordoma. Postoperative radiotherapy is particularly important. Our experience is
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9

Gillinov, A. Marc. "Artificial Chordae for Chordal Replacement: Commentary." Journal of Cardiac Surgery 23, no. 3 (2008): 207–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8191.2008.00571.x.

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10

Mayuga, Kenneth A., Natalie Ho, Robert W. Shields, Paul Cremer, and L. Leonardo Rodriguez. "Postural Tachycardia Syndrome and Vasovagal Syncope: A Hidden Case of Obstructive Cardiomyopathy without Severe Septal Hypertrophy." Case Reports in Cardiology 2018 (2018): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8714819.

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A 36-year-old female with symptoms of orthostatic intolerance and syncope was diagnosed with vasovagal syncope on a tilt table test and with postural tachycardia syndrome (POTS) after a repeat tilt table test. However, an echocardiogram at our institution revealed obstructive cardiomyopathy without severe septal hypertrophy, with a striking increase in left ventricular outflow tract gradient from 7 mmHg at rest to 75 mmHg during Valsalva, with a septal thickness of only 1.3 cm. Cardiac MRI showed an apically displaced multiheaded posteromedial papillary muscle with suggestion of aberrant chord
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11

Elwatidy, Ahmed M. "Novel Techniques in Mitral Repair Extended and Rotational Chordal Transfer." Innovations: Technology and Techniques in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery 5, no. 1 (2010): 63–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/imi.0b013e3181cbd334.

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Mitral valve repair is preferable to mitral valve replacement because of low rate of thromboembolism, resistance to endocarditis, excellent late durability, and no need for anticoagulation in the majority of patients. This article describes 2 novel techniques for repairing the anterior mitral leaflet prolapse. The extended chordal transfer is achieved by transferring an extended segment of posterior mitral leaflet and, rotational chordal transfer, by rotating the transferred segment either vertical or horizontal. Both techniques are simple and reproducible. It uses patient's own natural chorda
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12

Chang, Cuicui, Kai Tang, Yifan Gao, Jingyao Dai, and Chen Dai. "Bibliometric analysis of the global research trends and hotspots in chordoma from 2000 to 2020." PLOS ONE 17, no. 12 (2022): e0279181. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0279181.

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Introduction Chordoma is formed from embryonic residues or ectopic chordae and locally aggressive or malignant tumors. We visually analyzed the research tendency and hotspot of chordoma. Methods The bibliometric analysis was conducted from the Web of Science Core Collection database over the past two decades. The term and strategies were as follows: “TS = (chordoma) OR TS = (chordoblastoma) OR TS = (chordocarcinoma) OR TS = (chordoepithelioma) OR TS = (chordosarcoma) OR TS = (notochordoma). AND Language: English. AND Reference Type: Article OR Review”. A total of 2,118 references were retrieve
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13

Roy Chowdhuri, Kuntal, Nilanjan Dutta, Nayem Raja, et al. "Mid-Term Follow-Up of Neonatal Neochordal Reconstruction of Tricuspid Valve for Perinatal Chordal Rupture Causing Severe Tricuspid Valve Regurgitation." World Journal for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Surgery 11, no. 5 (2020): 587–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2150135120929011.

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Background: Papillary muscle rupture in the perinatal period is a rare event that leads to severe mitral or tricuspid insufficiency due to a flail leaflet. Neonatal tricuspid chordal reconstruction for this condition is rarely reported. Early recognition and treatment have the potential to be lifesaving. We present our surgical experience with five such patients, along with their midterm follow-up. Methods: Between August 2010 and November 2012, five neonates (aged 1-30 days) underwent surgery for severe atrioventricular valve regurgitation. All neonates had severe tricuspid regurgitation due
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14

Sobash, Philip T., Krishna Vedala, Daniel Alfano, Heather Pinckard-Dover, Jason L. Muesse, and Raman Desikan. "A rare case of chordoma presenting as a Pancoast tumor." Rare Tumors 13 (January 2021): 203636132110294. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20363613211029493.

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The notochord is the defining structure of all chordate embryos. It is a midline structure ventral to the ectoderm, neural plates, and neural arch. Remnants of the notochord ultimately give rise to the nucleus pulposus. The function of the notochord is to organize the surrounding structures. Chordoma is a rare malignant bone tumor arising from remnants of the notochord. These tumors are indolent and can present as incidental or locally advanced involving adjacent structures. These tumors typically present at the skull base and sacral spine but more rarely can be seen on the cervical and thorac
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15

Sui, Zihao, Zhihan Zhao, and Bo Dong. "Origin of the Chordate Notochord." Diversity 13, no. 10 (2021): 462. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d13100462.

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The phylum of Chordata is defined based on the discovery of a coelom-like dorsal notochord in ascidian and amphioxus embryos. Chordata can be classified into three subphylums, Cephalochordata, Urochordata, and Vertebrata, united by the presence of a notochord at some point during development. The origin of the notochord, the signature anatomical structure of chordates, has been under debate since the publication of Alexander Kovalevsky’s work in the mid-19th century that placed ascidians close to the vertebrates on the phylogenetic tree. During the late 20th century, the development of molecul
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16

Bajona, Pietro, Kenton J. Zehr, Jun Liao, and Giovanni Speziali. "Tension Measurement of Artificial Chordae Tendinae Implanted between the Anterior Mitral Valve Leaflet and the Left Ventricular Apex." Innovations: Technology and Techniques in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery 3, no. 1 (2008): 33–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/imi.0b013e31816d3d08.

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Objective A newly developed surgical technique allows implantation of artificial chordae tendinae between a mitral valve leaflet and the left ventricular (LV) apex in a closed-chest, off-pump mitral valve repair operation. However, this orientation causes tension vectors on the mitral valve leaflet in a different direction than those of native chordae. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between systolic LV pressure and the tension of artificial chordae secured at the ventricular apex to assess if the altered tension vectors on the mitral leaflet resulted in excessive
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17

Evtushenko, V. V., A. N. Zhilina, E. N. Pavlyukova, and A. V. Evtushenko. "Non-resection techniques for correcting type II mitral regurgitation by A. Carpentier." Siberian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine 40, no. 1 (2025): 103–9. https://doi.org/10.29001/2073-8552-2025-40-1-103-109.

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Introduction. Mitral valve (MV) repair is more preferable than valve replacement because of stable long-term outcomes and low mortality rate. Chordal replacement and transposition of secondary chordae are two methods of MV plasty with similar results. Comparison of the long-term outcomes of these non-resection methods precisely have not provided yet.Aim: To compare the long-term outcomes of chordal replacement and transposition of secondary chordae techniques in type II mitral regurgitation of Carpentier’s functional classification.Material and Methods. 58 adult patients with severe type II MR
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18

Rodríguez-Gavilanes, Digna, Humberto A. Garcés Botacio, Rogemif Fuentes, et al. "An Annotated Checklist of Invasive Species of the Phyla Arthropods and Chordates in Panama." Biology 13, no. 8 (2024): 571. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology13080571.

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Invasive species are one of the five main causes of biodiversity loss, along with habitat destruction, overexploitation, pollution, and climate change. Numbers and species of invasive organisms represent one of the first barriers to overcome in ecological conservation programs since they are difficult to control and eradicate. Due to the lack of records of invasive exotic species in Panama, this study was necessary for identifying and registering the documented groups of invasive species of the Chordates and Arthropod groups in Panama. This exhaustive search for invasive species was carried ou
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Kwon, Hye-Mee, Kyoung-Sun Kim, and Gyu-Sam Hwang. "Systolic anterior motion of mitral chordae tendineae: prevalence and clinical implications in liver transplantation." Anesthesia and Pain Medicine 15, no. 2 (2020): 187–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.17085/apm.2020.15.2.187.

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Background: Although systolic anterior motion (SAM) of the mitral valve anterior leaflet is well-known to cause hemodynamic perturbation in many anesthetic situations, the prevalence and clinical implication of SAM of mitral chordae tendineae (chordal SAM) in liver transplantation (LT) has not been evaluated. We aimed to assess the impact of chordal SAM on intraoperative postreperfusion syndrome and short and long-term all-cause mortality.Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 1751 LT recipients from January 2011 to June 2017 who had preoperative echocardiography. Echocardiography-derived param
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Fouly, Mohamed, and Tarek Mousa. "Mitral valve repair for myxomatous mitral regurgitation; Respect or Resect." Egyptian Cardiothoracic Surgeon 3, no. 6 (2021): 144–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.35810/ects.v3i6.203.

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Background: The superiority of mitral repair using resection of the posterior leaflet versus neo-artificial chordea is still debatable. The objective of this study was to compare leaflet resection versus chordal replacement for mitral valve repair in patients with isolated myxomatous degeneration of the posterior mitral valve leaflet. 
 Methods: This study was conducted on 199 patients with severe symptomatic mitral regurgitation due to myxomatous mitral valve degeneration. Patients were grouped into two groups: Group (1): Respect technique which included 76 patients who had limited resec
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Drasutiene, Agne, W. Randolph Chitwood, Kestutis Rucinskas, and Audrius Aidietis. "Reoperative, transapical off-pump neochordae implantation for recurrent degenerative mitral regurgitation resulting from a newly ruptured native chord." European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery 58, no. 3 (2020): 648–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ejcts/ezaa105.

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Abstract Transapical mitral valve repair with NeoChord implantation is effective and safe to replace ruptured chordae due to degenerative disease. Redo transapical neochordae implantation has never been reported in the literature. We present a case report of a 53-year-old man who underwent a reoperative neochord implantation for recurrent severe mitral regurgitation, resulting from degenerative disease progression with a new native chordal rupture. We report the midterm durability of reoperative Neochord repair.
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Ram, Eilon, Ehud Schwammenthal, Rafael Kuperstein, et al. "Secondary chordal resection with septal myectomy for treatment of symptomatic obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy." European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery 60, no. 3 (2021): 699–707. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ejcts/ezab116.

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Abstract OBJECTIVES Left ventricular outflow tract obstruction causes symptoms of heart failure in most patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Resection of the secondary mitral valve (MV) chordae has recently been shown to move the MV apparatus posteriorly, thereby eradicating the outflow gradient. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether secondary chordal resection concomitant to septal myectomy improves outcomes. METHODS Between 2005 and 2020, a total of 165 patients underwent septal myectomy without MV repair or replacement in our Medical Center. Secondary MV chordal resection was
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Maisano, Francesco, Paolo Denti, Hugo K. Vanermen, et al. "Neochordae Implantation Made Easy with an Adjustable Device Early Report of Acute and Chronic Animal Experiments." Innovations: Technology and Techniques in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery 5, no. 4 (2010): 287–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/imi.0b013e3181ee865d.

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Objective Neochordae implantation is a well-established surgical solution for the treatment of mitral valve prolapse. The main limitation to wide usage of the technique has been the difficulty associated with accurate determination of neochordal length. We describe a system specifically designed to facilitate rapid, uncomplicated implantation and off-pump, beating heart adjustment of neochordae. Methods Five swine underwent implantation of the adjustable neochordal system (V-Chordal; Valtech Cardio LTD, Israel) while on cardiopulmonary bypass after cutting native chordae to create a significan
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Chen, Ling, Frank C.-P. Yin, M.D., Ph.D., and Karen May-Newman, Ph.D. "The Structure and Mechanical Properties of the Mitral Valve Leaflet-Strut Chordae Transition Zone." Journal of Biomechanical Engineering 126, no. 2 (2004): 244–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1695569.

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Biaxial testing, histological measurements and theoretical continuum mechanics modeling were employed to investigate the structure and mechanical properties of the mitral valve leaflet-strut chordae transition zone (LCT). The results showed that geometry changes and collagen fiber angle distribution contribute to variations in mechanical properties in the LCT zone. A simple three-coefficient exponential constitutive law was able to simulate the variation in stress-stretch behavior in the LCT zone by spatially varying a single coefficient and incorporating collagen fiber angle and degree of ali
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van Son, Jacques AM, Jörg Hambsch, Michael D. Black, and Friedrich W. Mohr. "Chordal Replacement in Tricuspid Valve Repair in Children." Asian Cardiovascular and Thoracic Annals 6, no. 1 (1998): 45–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/021849239800600110.

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Congenital or traumatic tricuspid regurgitation in the pediatric population, although generally well tolerated initially, may lead ultimately to right atrial and ventricular dilation and dysfunction with dysrhythmias. In order to preserve right atrial and ventricular function and maintain sinus rhythm, it is our objective to repair the regurgitant tricuspid valve at an early stage. In 5 children (mean age 8.8 years) with congenital tricuspid regurgitation (2 with Ebstein's anomaly, 1 each with ventricular septal defect, tetralogy of Fallot, and partial agenesis of chordae), and in 1 child with
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26

Matviichuk, Oleksandr, Oksana Shevchuk, Olena Khodanitska, Olesia Tkachuk, Stepan Polyvany, and Inna Stepanenko. "Prospects for the preservation of hydrophilic zoocenosis under the conditions of the urbanized landscape of Vinnytsia." Personality and Environmental Issues, no. 3 (2023): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.31652/2786-6033-2023-1(3)-49-55.

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The formation of a network of protected objects under the conditions of the urbanized landscape is one of the effective measures for implementing the concept of sustainable urban development. The transformation of natural ecosystems within settlements causes significant changes in the structure of zoocenoses: some species disappear from the territory; others are forced to adapt to new conditions. Reducing the level of anthropogenic pressure in the created protected objects due to the limitation of certain types of economic activity will allow preserving the species wealth of fauna even under t
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Toma, Milan, Daniel R. Einstein, Keshav Kohli, et al. "Effect of Edge-to-Edge Mitral Valve Repair on Chordal Strain: Fluid-Structure Interaction Simulations." Biology 9, no. 7 (2020): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology9070173.

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Edge-to-edge repair for mitral valve regurgitation is being increasingly performed in high-surgical risk patients using minimally invasive mitral clipping devices. Known procedural complications include chordal rupture and mitral leaflet perforation. Hence, it is important to quantitatively evaluate the effect of edge-to-edge repair on chordal integrity. in this study, we employ a computational mitral valve model to simulate functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) by creating papillary muscle displacement. Edge-to-edge repair is then modeled by simulated coaptation of the mid portion of the mitr
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Shigenobu, Masaharu, and Shunji Sano. "Surgery for Degenerative Mitral Regurgitation Valve Repair v. Valve Replacement with Chordal Preservation." Asian Cardiovascular and Thoracic Annals 2, no. 2 (1994): 90–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/021849239400200208.

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This study compares mitral valve repair and mitral valve replacement with chordal preservation for chronic mitral regurgitation due to myxomatous degeneration with special reference to left ventricular function. Twenty-six patients underwent complete preoperative and 2 years later postoperative echocardiography study. Thirteen patients underwent mitral valve replacement associated with preservation of chordae tendineae and papillary muscles, and 13 patients had mitral valve repair. There were no statistically significant differences between the 2 groups for clinical findings, hemodynamic profi
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Strazdins, Uldis, Gvido Janis Bergs, Martins Kalejs, and Indra Vilumsone. "Transapical Off-Pump Neochord Implantation in Case of Severe Mitral Regurgitation." Acta Chirurgica Latviensis 16, no. 2 (2016): 28–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/chilat-2017-0007.

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SummaryMitral regurgitation is common valvular heart disease and a major cause of congestive heart failure and death. It is most often associated with degenerative changes in mitral valve which leads to valve prolapse. Transapical off-pump mitral valve repair is a new minimally invasive procedure to treat mitral regurgitation. Here we report 64-year old female who suffered from grade III mitral regurgitation due to ruptured chorda and posterior leaflet P2/P3 segment prolapse. During surgery 4 artificial chordae were implanted and postoperative echocardiography results showed minimal residual g
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30

Wang, Guanxi, Kai Ma, Kunjing Pang, et al. "Tricuspid valvuloplasty for isolated tricuspid regurgitation in children." Cardiology in the Young 30, no. 8 (2020): 1076–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s104795112000150x.

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AbstractBackground:Isolated congenital tricuspid regurgitation other than Ebstein’s anomaly was rare especially for children. The objective of this study was to investigate the clinical characteristics and to assess the results of tricuspid valvuloplasty for children with isolated tricuspid regurgitation.Methods:From January 2010 to June 2019, 10 consecutive patients with isolated tricuspid regurgitation who were unresponsive to drug therapy underwent tricuspid valvuloplasty in our hospital. Patients’ clinical data were analysed retrospectively.Results:Mean age at operation was 48.5 ± 31.0 (ra
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Gheorghitescu, (Janca) Ruxandra, M. Toba, D. M. Iliescu, and P. Bordei. "Morphological features of papillary muscles in the right ventricle." ARS Medica Tomitana 22, no. 3 (2016): 135–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/arsm-2016-0023.

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Abstract Our study was performed by dissecting formalinized cord, aiming at:the number of bodies of each papillary muscle in the right ventricle, the shape of the muscular body, also the morphological characteristics of the tendon chordaes. The anterior papillary muscles of the right ventricle, were studied on 54 cords, finding a total of 82 papillary muscles. Unique anterior papillary was found in 59.26% of case, representing 38.10% of total anterior papillary muscles. In 29.63% of cases, the anterior papillary muscle was double and in 11.11% of cases was threefold. The conical shape we found
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32

Lemaire, L., T. Roeser, J. C. Izpisua-Belmonte, and M. Kessel. "Segregating expression domains of two goosecoid genes during the transition from gastrulation to neurulation in chick embryos." Development 124, no. 8 (1997): 1443–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.124.8.1443.

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We report the isolation and characterization of a chicken gene, GSX, containing a homeobox similar to that of the goosecoid gene. The structure of the GSX gene and the deduced GSX protein are highly related to the previously described goosecoid gene. The two homeodomains are 74% identical. In the first few hours of chick embryogenesis, the expression pattern of GSX is similar to GSC, in the posterior margin of the embryo and the young primitive streak. Later during gastrulation, expression of the two genes segregate. GSC is expressed in the anterior part of the primitive streak, then in the no
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Soga, Yoshiharu, Kazunobu Nishimura, Kazuhiro Yamazaki, and Masashi Komeda. "Simplified chordal reconstruction: ‘oblique’ placement of artificial chordae tendineae in mitral valve replacement☆." European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery 24, no. 4 (2003): 653–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1010-7940(03)00462-7.

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34

Shin, Hong Ju, Yong Jik Lee, Suk Jung Choo, Hyun Song, Cheol Hyun Chung, and Jae Won Lee. "Analysis of Recurrent Mitral Regurgitation after Mitral Valve Repair." Asian Cardiovascular and Thoracic Annals 13, no. 3 (2005): 261–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/021849230501300315.

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Mitral valve repair was performed in 437 patients with mitral regurgitation from January 1994 to January 2002. The causes of mitral regurgitation were degenerative in 238 (54%), rheumatic in 134 (31%), and others in 65 (15%). The most frequently employed surgical techniques were ring annuloplasty in 417 (95%) cases, new chordae formation in 216 (50%), and quadrangular resection in 117 (27%). The mean follow-up was 29.04 ± 22.81 months. There were 5 (1.2%) early and 5 (1.2%) late deaths. The reoperation rate was 1.6% with 41 (9%) cases of recurrent mitral regurgitation. Of these 22 were procedu
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Preetam, Pratyush Dash, Sagar Prusti Jami, Kumar Naik Manoj, and Choudhury Sulata. "A Study of Morphology and Histomorphometry of Adult Human Papillary Muscles- A Prospective Study." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 14, no. 6 (2022): 694–704. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13626519.

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<strong>Background:</strong>&nbsp;Historical documentation of the existence of papillary muscles as a component of cardiac anatomy exists at least as early as 16<sup>th</sup>&nbsp;century. They are pillar-like muscles seen within the ventricles attached to their walls. They have an integral role in proper cardiac valvular function. They are attached to mitral and tricuspid valve via chordae tendineae. The present study was done to analyse the papillary muscles of heart with respect to the variations in their number, length, shape, position and pattern in both ventricles.&nbsp;<strong>Aims and
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Davies, Jason M., Aaron E. Robinson, Cynthia Cowdrey, et al. "Generation of a patient-derived chordoma xenograft and characterization of the phosphoproteome in a recurrent chordoma." Journal of Neurosurgery 120, no. 2 (2014): 331–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2013.10.jns13598.

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Object The management of patients with locally recurrent or metastatic chordoma is a challenge. Preclinical disease models would greatly accelerate the development of novel therapeutic options for chordoma. The authors sought to establish and characterize a primary xenograft model for chordoma that faithfully recapitulates the molecular features of human chordoma. Methods Chordoma tissue from a recurrent clival tumor was obtained at the time of surgery and implanted subcutaneously into NOD-SCID interleukin-2 receptor gamma (IL-2Rγ) null (NSG) mouse hosts. Successful xenografts were established
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Sarfraz, Ali Sayed1 Shiraz Ali Sayed1 Faisal Rafiq1 Punit Kumar2*. "A review study on pathogenesis, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options of chordoma." International Journal of Medical Science in Clinical Research and Review 7, no. 05 (2024): 1065–72. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13922426.

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<strong><u>ABSTRACT</u></strong><strong>:</strong>Cancers result from uncontrolled division of cells that disrupt the normal activity of organs. Cancer is classified according to the&nbsp;origin organ. Chordoma (notochordal sarcoma) is a&nbsp;slowly progressing tumor of the&nbsp;spine. These tumors may develop in any part of the&nbsp;spinal cord but mostly develop near the tail bone also called sacral tumors. The most common types of chordoma are cranial chordoma, sacral chordoma, and spinal chordoma. The common sites for this cancer are the&nbsp;sacrum, skull base, and spine. These are diagno
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Calafiore, Antonio M., Salvatore Scandura, Angela L. Iacò, et al. "A Simple Method to Obtain the Correct Length of the Artificial Chordae in Complex Chordal Replacement." Journal of Cardiac Surgery 23, no. 3 (2008): 204–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8191.2008.00570.x.

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Yepes, Sally, Nirav N. Shah, Jiwei Bai, et al. "Rare Germline Variants in Chordoma-Related Genes and Chordoma Susceptibility." Cancers 13, no. 11 (2021): 2704. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13112704.

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Background: Chordoma is a rare bone cancer with an unknown etiology. TBXT is the only chordoma susceptibility gene identified to date; germline single nucleotide variants and copy number variants in TBXT have been associated with chordoma susceptibility in familial and sporadic chordoma. However, the genetic susceptibility of chordoma remains largely unknown. In this study, we investigated rare germline genetic variants in genes involved in TBXT/chordoma-related signaling pathways and other biological processes in chordoma patients from North America and China. Methods: We identified variants
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Xu, Jiuhui, Qianyu Shi, Jingbing Lou, et al. "Chordoma recruits and polarizes tumor-associated macrophages via secreting CCL5 to promote malignant progression." Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 11, no. 4 (2023): e006808. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jitc-2023-006808.

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BackgroundChordoma is an extremely rare, locally aggressive malignant bone tumor originating from undifferentiated embryonic remnants. There are no effective therapeutic strategies for chordoma. Herein, we aimed to explore cellular interactions within the chordoma immune microenvironment and provide new therapeutic targets.MethodsSpectrum flow cytometry and multiplex immunofluorescence (IF) staining were used to investigate the immune microenvironment of chordoma. Cell Counting Kit-8, Edu, clone formation, Transwell, and healing assays were used to validate tumor functions. Flow cytometry and
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Zhao, Tianna, I.-Mei Siu, Tara Williamson, et al. "RARE-29. AZD8055 ENHANCES IN VIVO EFFICACY OF AFATINIB IN CHORDOMAS." Neuro-Oncology 21, Supplement_6 (2019): vi227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noz175.952.

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Abstract INTRODUCTION Chordomas are rare, locally aggressive bone tumors that arise in cranial base, mobile spine, and sacrum. Currently, there are no FDA-approved therapies for chordoma patients, thus there is a high unmet need to develop effective treatments. In this study, we aim to evaluate the anti-tumor efficacy of small molecule inhibitors that target crucial oncogenic pathways in chordoma, as single agents or in combination, to identify novel therapies with the greatest translation potential. METHODS A panel of small molecule compounds that had exhibited in vitro efficacy against human
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Henderson-Jackson, Evita Bonita, Jaime Caracciolo, Douglas Letson, and Marilyn Bui. "Extra-axial dedifferentiated chordoma: A case report with brachyury immunohistochemical confirmation, literature review and pathologists’ perspective." Advances in Modern Oncology Research 2, no. 3 (2016): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.18282/amor.v2.i3.93.

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&lt;p&gt;Dedifferentiated chordoma is a rare and aggressive malignant bone tumor. It is known as a variant of conventional chordoma, which possesses additional high-grade sarcomatous elements. Dedifferentiated chordoma is commonly identified in axial location as recurrences, or following radiation therapy of primary tumors. Prognosis is poor and there is a potential risk for metastasis. There have been only a few reports of primary dedifferentiated chordoma. Owing to its rarity, especially when it is in an unusual extra-axial location, primary dedifferentiated chordoma presents a diagnostic ch
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Brüderlein, Silke, Joshua B. Sommer, Paul S. Meltzer, et al. "Molecular Characterization of Putative Chordoma Cell Lines." Sarcoma 2010 (2010): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/630129.

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Immortal tumor cell lines are an important model system for cancer research, however, misidentification and cross-contamination of cell lines are a common problem. Seven chordoma cell lines are reported in the literature, but none has been characterized in detail. We analyzed gene expression patterns and genomic copy number variations in five putative chordoma cell lines (U-CH1, CCL3, CCL4, GB60, and CM319). We also created a new chordoma cell line, U-CH2, and provided genotypes for cell lines for identity confirmation. Our analyses revealed that CCL3, CCL4, and GB60 are not chordoma cell line
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Wen, Lingzhi, Bin Xie, Hui Li, et al. "EP300 through upregulating the expression of vimentin to promote the progression of chordoma." Neurosurgical Focus 56, no. 5 (2024): E17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2024.2.focus244.

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OBJECTIVE There is a lack of effective drugs to treat the progression and recurrence of chordoma, which is widely resistant to treatment in chemotherapy. The authors investigated the functional and therapeutic relevance of the E1A-binding protein p300 (EP300) in chordoma. METHODS The expression of EP300 and vimentin was examined in specimens from 9 patients with primary and recurrent chordoma with immunohistochemistry. The biological functions of EP300 were evaluated with Cell Counting Kit-8, clonogenic assays, and transwell assays. The effects of EP300 inhibitors (C646 and SGC-CBP30) on chord
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Hoke, Austin T. K., Michelle R. Padget, Kellsye P. Fabian, et al. "Combinatorial Natural Killer Cell–based Immunotherapy Approaches Selectively Target Chordoma Cancer Stem Cells." Cancer Research Communications 1, no. 3 (2021): 127–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/2767-9764.crc-21-0020.

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Chordoma is a rare tumor derived from notochord remnants that has a propensity to recur and metastasize despite conventional multimodal treatment. Cancer stem cells (CSC) are implicated in chordoma's resistant and recurrent behavior; thus, strategies that target CSCs are of particular interest. Using in vitro cytotoxicity models, we demonstrated that anti-programmed death ligand 1 (anti–PD-L1; N-601) and anti-EGFR (cetuximab) antibodies enhanced lysis of chordoma cells by healthy donor and chordoma patient NK cells through antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). Treatment of NK cells
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Wu, Violet, Daniel Ledbetter, Sanjay K. Singh, et al. "145 Oncolytic Adenoviral Infection of Chordoma Achieves Treatment Efficacy Through Immunogenic Cell Death and Tumor Microenvironment Alteration." Neurosurgery 71, Supplement_1 (2025): 31. https://doi.org/10.1227/neu.0000000000003360_145.

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INTRODUCTION: Chordomas are locally aggressive neoplasms of the axial skeleton with recurrence rates approaching 40%. Moreover, recurrent chordomas are nearly impossible to eradicate—highlighting an unmet clinical need. METHODS: Using the replicating oncolytic adenovirus Delta-24-RGD, we investigate the efficacy chordoma treatment using in vitro approaches, ex vivo bone scaffolds, and in vivo murine models. Additionally, we explore the underlying mechanism of OV cytotoxicity, immunogenic cell death, Brachyury modulation, and reshaping of the TME towards a pro-inflammatory state. RESULTS: Acros
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McKee, Terry A. "Odd twists on strongly chordal graphs." Discrete Mathematics, Algorithms and Applications 11, no. 03 (2019): 1950034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793830919500344.

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Strongly chordal graphs can be characterized as chordal graphs in which every even cycle of length at least [Formula: see text] has an odd chord (a chord whose endpoints are an odd distance apart in the cycle subgraph). Define “oddly chordal graphs” to be chordal graphs in which every odd cycle of length at least [Formula: see text] has an odd chord. Strongly chordal graphs are shown to be oddly chordal, and the oddly chordal graphs are characterized by forbidding induced “double [Formula: see text]-sun” subgraphs. Both strongly chordal and oddly chordal graphs are also characterized in terms
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Yamamoto, Masayoshi, Fumiya Yoneyama, Hideyuki Kato, and Masaki Ieda. "Mitral chordal rupture by Impella 5.0 in a patient with fulminant myocarditis and inflammation of mitral chordae." European Heart Journal 41, no. 20 (2019): 1943. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehz675.

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Fang, Xinyun, and Renchun Yan. "miR-152 inhibits the proliferation and invasion of chordoma cells by targeting HOXC8." Journal of International Medical Research 47, no. 10 (2019): 5185–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300060519870915.

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Objective MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs that affect the expression of their target genes by binding to the 3′-untranslated region. miR-152 has been identified as a critical modulator in tumorigenesis, but its role in chordoma has not been explored. We therefore investigated the role of miR-152 in regulating chordoma cell behavior, and examined the downstream effectors of miR-152. Materials and methods We examined the expression of miR-152 in two human chordoma cell lines and in a normal human embryonic kidney cell line. We also analyzed the relationship between miR-152 and homeobox C8
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Aoki, Takuma, Takashi Miyamoto, Naoyuki Fukamachi, Seiya Niimi, Yao Jingya, and Yoshito Wakao. "Combination of the Modified Loop Technique and De Vega Annuloplasty in Dogs with Mitral Regurgitation." Animals 12, no. 13 (2022): 1653. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12131653.

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Background: Detailed surgical techniques for treating canine mitral regurgitation have not been previously reported. Method: This case series included six consecutive client-owned dogs with mitral regurgitation. All dogs underwent a combined protocol, including the modified loop technique and De Vega annuloplasty (MODEL surgery), in 2021. Artificial loops covering 80% of the length of the strut chordae tendineae were used for chordal replacement. Mitral annuloplasty was subjectively performed, targeting the circumference of the septal leaflet. Results: The breeds were Chihuahua-mixed breed, Sp
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