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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Chorthippus parallelus

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Academic literature on the topic 'Chorthippus parallelus'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 17 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Chorthippus parallelus"

1

BUTLIN, R. K., and G. M. HEWITT. "A hybrid zone between Chorthippus parallelus parallelus and Chorthippus parallelus erythropus (Orthoptera: Acrididae): behavioural characters." Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 26, no. 3 (November 1985): 287–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.1985.tb01637.x.

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Bella, J. L., G. M. Hewitt, and J. Gosálvez. "Meiotic imbalance in laboratory-produced hybrid males of Chorthippus parallelus parallelus and Chorthippus parallelus erythropus." Genetical Research 56, no. 1 (August 1990): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s001667230002886x.

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SummaryThe grasshopper Chorthippus parallelus has two quite distinct subspecies, which meet along the Pyrenees forming a hybrid zone. Using silver staining we show that on the French side Cp. parallelus has three nucleolar organizer regions, on the L2, L3 and X chromosomes, while on the Spanish side Cp. erythropus has only two NORs, on the L2 and L3. Laboratory F1 hybrid males show reciprocal differences in the expression of NORs. When a Cp. erythropus is female parent the male progeny show four active NORs in mitotic cells and two silver precipitates in meiotic cells, as expected. But when a Cp. parallelus female donates the X with a NOR, her male offspring have a variable disrupted nucleolar expression. Some NORs are not expressed and extra sites of cryptic rDNA are revealed. Meiosis is more disturbed in this latter F1 cross with higher levels of polyploidy, but both Fls show around 90% spermatid abnormality. Such variation in rDNA expression is also found in individuals collected from the hybrid zone, and the role of this disturbance in affecting fitness is discussed.

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3

Gosálvez, J., C. López-Fernández, L. J. Bella, R. K. Butlin, and G. M. Hewitt. "A hybrid zone between Chorthippus parallelus parallelus and Chorthippus parallelus erythropus (Orthoptera: Acrididae): chromosomal differentiation." Genome 30, no. 5 (October 1, 1988): 656–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g88-111.

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Two subspecies of the meadow grasshopper Chorthippus parallelus form narrow hybrid zones in the Pyrenees. We studied the patterns of chromosome divergence to evaluate their possible role in the maintenance of such hybrid zones under natural conditions. The two subspecies share some common features such as identical chromosome number, similar basic chromosome form, and the GC-rich nature of all the heterochromatic DNA. Similar positions for the nucleolar organizer region (NOR) in two pairs of autosomes were also observed. The main difference was the presence of an active NOR in the X chromosome in Cp. parallelus that was absent from Cp. erythropus. The pattern of banding by C-banding, acridine orange, and chromomycin A3 also showed the subspecific characteristics on this chromosome. The presence or absence of an active NOR on the X chromosome was used to analyse the hybrid zones in two different transects of the Pyrenees, and clear clines of X NOR frequencies were observed passing from Cp. parallelus to Cp. erythropus. Some meiotic abnormalities were found in individuals from the hybrid zones with the subsequent production of abnormal sperm. Differences in genetic activity involving the sexual chromosome and the male sterility found in F1 hybrids produced in laboratory crosses are discussed as an example of Haldane's Rule.Key words: insect cytogenetics, hybrid zones, speciation.

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BUTLIN, R. K., and G. M. HEWITT. "A hybrid zone between Chorthippus parallelus parallelus and Chorthippus parallelus erythropus (Orthoptera: Acrididae): morphological and electrophoretic characters." Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 26, no. 3 (November 1985): 269–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.1985.tb01636.x.

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5

Gardiner, Tim, and Julian Hill. "Feeding preferences of Chorthippus parallelus (Orthoptera: Acrididae)." Journal of Orthoptera Research 13, no. 2 (December 2004): 197–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1665/1082-6467(2004)013[0197:fpocpo]2.0.co;2.

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6

Cabrero, J., J. D. Alché, and J. P. M. Camacho. "A test for equilocality of supernumerary heterochromatin distribution in grasshoppers." Genome 29, no. 1 (February 1, 1987): 110–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g87-019.

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The presence of extra segments in four or more nonhomologous chromosome pairs led us to test the applicability of the principle of the principle of equilocality of heterochromatin distribution to supernumerary heterochromatin. In Chorthippus brunneus, which carries extra segments on all chromosomes except the L3, the 13 heterochromatic variants occupy all possible locations with 3 proximal, 5 interstitial, and 5 distal. This indicates that equilocality does not seem to apply to the supernumerary heterochromatin in this species. On the other hand, the four extra segments found in Chorthippus parallelus and five of the seven extra heterochromatic segments found in Chorthippus binotatus are all located distally on the M5–S8 chromosomes. Thus for these groups of chromosomes the extra heterochromatic segments do appear to show a tendency for an equilocal distribution. Key words: Chorthippus, heterochromatin.

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7

Reinhardt, Klaus. "Determinants of ejaculate size in a grasshopper ( Chorthippus parallelus )." Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 50, no. 6 (November 1, 2001): 503–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002650100398.

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8

Vaughan, H. E., J. S. Heslop-Harrison, and G. M. Hewitt. "The localization of mitochondrial sequences to chromosomal DNA in orthopterans." Genome 42, no. 5 (October 1, 1999): 874–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g99-020.

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There is growing evidence that the integration of mitochondrial DNA sequences into nuclear and chloroplast genomes of higher organisms may be widespread rather than exceptional. We report the localization of 18S-25S rDNA and mitochondrial DNA sequences to meiotic chromosomes of several orthopteran species using in situ hybridisation. The cytochrome oxidase I (COI) sequence localizes to the centromeric and two telomeric regions of the eight bivalents of Chorthippus parallelus, the telomeric regions in Schistocerca gregaria and is present throughout the genome of Italopodisma sp. (Orthoptera: Acrididae). The control region of the mitochondrion and COI localize to similar chromosomal regions in S. gregaria. These data explain sequencing data that are inconsistent with the COI sequence being solely mitochondrial. The different nuclear locations of mtDNA in the different genera studied suggest that grasshopper mtDNA-like sequences have been inserted into the nuclear genome more than once in Acridid history, and there may have been different mechanisms involved when these events occurred in each of these species.Key words: Schistocerca gregaria, Italopodisma spp., Chorthippus parallelus, in situ hybridisation, mitochondrial DNA, genome organization.

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9

BUTLIN, R. K., and G. M. HEWITT. "Genetic divergence in the Chorthippus parallelus species group (Orthoptera: Acrididae)." Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 31, no. 4 (August 1987): 301–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.1987.tb01995.x.

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10

Niedobová, Jana, František Chládek, and Vladimír Hula. "Grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Caelifera) and crickets (Orthoptera: Ensifera) from slopes of Macošská stráň and Vilémovická stráň (Moravský kras Protected landscape area, Czech Republic)." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 59, no. 5 (2011): 179–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201159050179.

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In 2008 we found 21 species of grasshoppers and crickets on Macošská stráň slope and 18 species on Vilémovická stráň slope. Both slopes are located in the northern part of the Moravský kras Protected landscape area and have xerothermic character. Both slopes are influenced by pasture management. For the most comprehensive picture of Orthoptera we used a standard method (sweeping of vegetation) and nonstandard methods (pitfall traps and Möricke yellow cups). Termophilous species of Orthoptera on Macošská stráň (47%) were dominating. On Vilémovická stráň mezophilous species (46%) were dominating. The most common species were Stenobothrus lineatus (Panzer, 1796) on Macošská stráň slope and Chorthippus parallelus (Zetterstedt, 1821), Stenobothrus lineatus, Chorthippus bigutulus (Linné, 1758) and Chorthippus dorsatus (Zetterstedt, 1821) on Vilémovická stráň slope. Rare species of this assemblage were Stenobothrus nigromaculatus (Herrich-Schaffer, 1840) which was on Macošská stráň slope only and Tetrix bipunctata (Linnaeus, 1758) which has much bigger abundances also on Macošská stráň slope.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Chorthippus parallelus"

1

Parkin, Emma Jane. "Concerted evolution of ribosomal DNA loci in Chorthippus parallelus." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.250863.

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Flanagan, Nicola S. "Incipient speciation in the meadow grasshopper, Chorthippus parallelus (Orthoptera: Acrididae)." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.389389.

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This thesis examines the evolutionary divergence between northern European and Italian populations of Chorthippus parallelus. Several differing approaches were taken, which identified the inception of various components of the speciation process between these parapatric populations which meet in the Alps. Firstly, partial post-zygotic reproductive isolation was demonstrated using hybrid crosses. The male hybrid offspring of both reciprocal crosses were sterile, displaying severe testicular dysfunction, while the female hybrids showed no deleterious effects of hybridisation. In this grasshopper the males are the heterogametic sex, possessing a single X chromosome, and so this pattern of hybrid sterility conforms to Haldane's rule. Secondly, investigation of the calling song of the male grasshopper, a component of the mate recognition system, suggested the presence of pre-mating reproductive isolation. Males from the different races were found to sing calling song of a significantly different structure. Finally, examination of DNA sequence divergence in a mitochondrial DNA marker demonstrated Significant levels of genetic differentiation between the races. This population divergence and incipient reproductive isolation parallels that found between the north European and Iberian populations of this grasshopper, and provides further evidence that the divergent geographical races have resulted from allopatric divergence while in isolated refugial populations during the glacial periods of the Pleistocene Epoch. These approaches were repeated to investigate genetic divergence between localised populations within the Italian peninsula. No hybrid dysfunction was observed between these populations, suggesting that they are recently derived from one continuous population. This was probably the refugial population of the last ice-age. Additionally, investigation with the mtDNA marker gave preliminary evidence for population expansion from the south to the north of Italy. Interestingly, the male calling song was Significantly different in populations from the north and the south of Italy, suggesting that a component of pre-mating reproductive isolation may have evolved prior to post-mating isolation in allopatric populations of C. parallelus.

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Arnau, Inger. "Detection of genetic variation in the rDNA genes between the two subspecies Chorthippus parallelus parallelus and Corthippus parallelus erythropus (orthoptera: acrididae)." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.318024.

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Lunt, David H. "mtDNA differentiation across Europe in the meadow grasshopper Chorthippus parallelus (Orthoptera: acrididae)." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.298311.

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This thesis examines the European phylogeography of the meadow grasshopper Chorthippus paralleJus. This common species has a very large range covering Europe, southern Scandinavia, Turkey and Russia, with two recognized subspecies. These are c.p.erythropus in Spain and c.p.paraJ1eJus in other regions. This species has been studied using mtDNA RFLPs and sequence data. The greatest levels of genetic subdivision were found to occur between southern Spain, southern Italy and the Balkans. No subdivision was detected between Balkan populations and those in central and northern Europe. These data were interpreted as indications that at least three refugia existed in Europe during the last glaciation. The historical locations of these refugia can be inferred to have been in southern Spain, southern Italy and the Balkans. Furthermore, postglacial expansion from the Balkan refugium is indicated as the origin of central and northern European populations of C.paralleJus. A phylogeny of common European Chorthippus species, and closely related genera, is presented from analysis of mtDNA sequence data. This analysis indicates that, although there are many similarities to the traditional morphological taxonomic arrangement, several revisions need to be considered and investigated further. These include the position of the monospecific genus Stauroderus outside of the Chorthippus clade and the division of these Chorthippus species into 3 subgenera. Finally, the evolutionary patterns of the cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COl) gene, which was used for the Chorthippus studies, are investigated for insects in general. The patterns of amino acid variability indicate regions of very different substitutional rates within this gene. These regions are discussed in terms of the known and assumed functional constraints on gene function. The variety of evolutionary rates in adjacent regions are considered further with regard to their utility in different levels of phylogenetic study, and conserved insect primers for the exploitation of these regions are presented.

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Celemín, Amaro Enrique. "The common meadow EuropeanGrasshopper (Chorthippus parallelus)as a window to the process ofspecies formation." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för biologisk grundutbildning, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-412206.

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Despite more than 50 years of research on the genetic basis of speciation, we still know very little about the early stages of this process. A general rule of speciation is the Haldane’s Rule, which states that postzygotic isolation is expressed earlier in the heterogametic sex: sterility and inviability in hybrids is much more likely to occur in the heterogametic sex. However, it is still unknown how long hybrid sterility takes to be established in the heterogametic sex, since most studies have focused on highly divergent species that no longer hybridize in nature. The meadow grasshopper (Chorthippus parallelus) is a suitable system to shed light on this matter because hybrid male sterility exists between subspecies that show low divergence and are still able to hybridize readily in nature. C. p. parallelus is distributed throughout Northern, Central and Eastern Europe while C. p. erythropus is restricted to the Iberian Peninsula. Both subspecies meet in the Pyrenees, where they form a narrow hybrid zone. Yet, it is unknown 1) how long ago have these subspecies diverged and 2) how have they expanded to form the hybrid zone where these incompatibilities take place. Here, we applied phylogenomic methods to estimate the time of divergence of the subspecies and to study its phylogeographic history. Using the mitogenome and known mitochondrial rates of evolution, we dated the diversification of the subspecies ≈100,000 years ago and found six ancient mitochondrial haplotypes. Implementing coalescent theory to estimate a nuclear species tree, we found evidence of sub-refugia within two or three main refugia and that the hybrid zone originated from a recent post-glacial expansion from one sub-refugia. Haldane’s rule evolved rapidly in C. parallelus, within ≈100,000 years, with demographic processes, such as population expansion. Founder effect reduced genetic diversity in C. parallelus parallelus, with the possibility of fixing incompatible alleles with C. parallelus erythropus resulting in hybrid male sterility.

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Ritchie, M. G. "A Pyrenean hybrid zone in the grasshopper Chorthippus parallelus (Orthoptera: Acrididae) : Descriptive and evolutionary studies." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.382844.

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7

Dagley, J. R. "Population differentiation in the grasshopper Chorthippus parallelus (Orthoptera: Acrididae) : A study of the mate recognition system." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.383768.

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8

Virdee, Sonia R. "Ecological and genetic components of a Pyrenean hybrid zone in the meadow grasshopper, Chorthippus parallelus (Orthoptera: Acrididae)." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.290357.

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Books on the topic "Chorthippus parallelus"

1

Dagley, Jeremy Robin. Population differentiation in the grasshopper Chorthippus parallelus (Orthoptera:Acrididae): A study of the mate recognition system. Norwich: University of East Anglia, 1988.

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2

Ritchie, Michael G. A Pyrenean hybrid zone in the grasshopper "Chorthippus parallelus" (Orthoptera: Acrididae): Descriptive and evolutionary studies. Norwich: University of East Anglia, 1988.

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3

Virdee, Sonia R. Ecological and genetic components of a Pyrenean hybrid zone in the meadow grasshopper, Chorthippus parallelus (Orthoptera:Acrididae). Norwich: University of East Anglia, 1991.

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