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1

Blaich, Roland. "A Tale of Two Leaders: German Methodists and the Nazi State." Church History 70, no. 2 (2001): 199–225. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3654450.

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Nazi foreign policy was hampered from the start by a hostile foreign press that carried alarming reports, not only of atrocities and persecution of the political opposition and of Jews, but also of a persecution of Christians in Germany. Protestant Christians abroad were increasingly outraged by the so-called “German Christians” who, with the support of the government, gained control of the administration of the Evangelical state churches and set about to fashion a centralized Nazi church based on principles of race, blood, and soil. The militant attack by “German Christians” on Christian, as
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Irwansyah, Irwansyah. "Perbedaan Sikap Keberagamaan Antara Masyarakat Islam dan Kristiani di Sumatera Utara dan Frankfurt Am Main Jerman." ISLAMICA: Jurnal Studi Keislaman 9, no. 1 (2015): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.15642/islamica.2014.9.1.30-53.

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<p>This article seeks to reveal differences of religious attitudes between Muslim and Christian communities in North Sumatera and Frankfurt Am Main Germany. This article shows that the relation between Muslims and Christians can be understood to have taken place in two categories, positive and negative. Positive relation can be attested through integrating factors between the two religious communities, while negative relation can be attested through separating factors. In North Sumatera there exist local wisdoms which serve as adhesive factors of Muslim-Christian relation, such as the co
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Mohr, Adam. "Missionary Medicine and Akan Therapeutics: Illness, Health and Healing in Southern Ghana's Basel Mission, 1828-1918." Journal of Religion in Africa 39, no. 4 (2009): 429–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/002242009x12529098509803.

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AbstractThe Basel missionaries in southern Ghana came from a strong religious healing tradition in southwest Germany that, within some circles, had reservations about the morality and efficacy of biomedicine in the nineteenth century. Along with Akan Christians, these missionaries in Ghana followed local Akan healing practices before the colonial period was formalized, contrary to a pervasive discourse condemning local religion and healing as un-Christian. Around 1885, however, a radical shift in healing practices occurred within the mission and in Germany that corresponded to both the Bacteri
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Schuster, Dirk. "Exclusive Border Crossing." Interdisciplinary Journal for Religion and Transformation in Contemporary Society 5, no. 2 (2020): 469–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.30965/23642807-00502009.

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Abstract From 1933, the inner Protestant ‘German Christians Church Movement’ from Thuringia took control over some Protestant regional churches in Germany. For the German Christians the main motives of their agitation were the creation of a ‘volkisch’ belief system based on race, Christianity and ‘dejudaization’ (of Christianity). Based on the theoretical considerations of spaces, boundaries and exclusion, the article uses the example of the German Christians to show under which conditions individuals are denied entry into an imaginary religious space. ‘Exclusivist border crossings,’ as this p
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Tolan, John. "Ne De Fide Presumant Disputare: Legal Regulations of Interreligious Debate and Disputation in the Middle Ages." Medieval Encounters 24, no. 1-3 (2018): 14–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700674-12340015.

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Abstract On March 4th, 1233, in his bull Sufficere debuerat perfidie Iudeorum, Pope Gregory IX complains to the bishops and archbishops of Germany of the many “perfidies” of the German Jews, including their “blasphemies” against the Christian religion, which, he fears, may have an ill effect on Christians, particularly converts from Judaism. He orders the bishops to prohibit Jews from presuming to dispute with Christians and to prevent Christians from participating in such disputations through ecclesiastical censure. Gregory clearly thought that it was dangerous to allow informal discussions o
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Jantzen, Kyle. "Totalitarianism: Propaganda, Perseverance, and Protest: Strategies for Clerical Survival Amid the German Church Struggle." Church History 70, no. 2 (2001): 295–327. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3654455.

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The Protestant historiography of the German Church Struggle has been shaped largely by its attention to two fundamental issues. The first has been the intrachurch struggle dominated by two churchpolitical factions: the Faith Movement of the German Christians and the Confessing Church. German Christians whole-heartedly endorsed the government of Adolf Hitler, campaigned to align the organization, theology, and practice of the twenty-eight German Protestant Land Churches with the racial and authoritarian values of the National Socialist regime and worked to create a centralized Reich church unde
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Billinger, Robert D. "Camp Blanding as German Latin American Enemy Alien Internment Camp in 1942: Microcosm of Larger Diplomatic and Moral Conundrums." Latin Americanist 68, no. 1 (2024): 9–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/tla.2024.a923798.

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Abstract: Camp Blanding's Enemy Alien internment camp was only in existence between February and June of 1942. However, it presented its "German" Latin American civilian captives from Costa Rica, Guatemala, and Panama and their U.S. military captors with the larger diplomatic and moral problems that would confront the entire Enemy Alien internment program. Particularly troubling were the presence of "enemy aliens" who were deemed "enemies" of their Latin American homes and of the Colossus of the North, but who were really enemies of Hitler's Germany. Among the 200 internees at Camp Blanding we
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RAILTON, NICHOLAS. "Escaping from Sodom: A Christian Jew Encounters German Antisemitism." Journal of Ecclesiastical History 64, no. 4 (2013): 787–826. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022046911002648.

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The article discusses the impact of antisemitism on Jewish Christians in twentieth-century Germany. The fate of one Jewish Christian from an Orthodox Jewish background, Maly Kagan, is used to highlight overarching themes. The article focuses on the impact of National Socialism on her work in a Protestant psychiatric hospital and for the London-based Hebrew Christian Testimony to Israel. Light is shed on how she survived the Holocaust, her work with displaced persons in Frankfurt after the war and her decision in 1952 to leave Germany to spend the rest of her life in Israel.
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Wessel, Martin Schulze. "Die Deutschen Christen im Nationalsozialismus und die Lebendige Kirche im Bolschewismus – zwei kirchliche Repräsentationen neuer politischer Ordnungen." Journal of Modern European History 3, no. 2 (2005): 147–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.17104/1611-8944_2005_2_147.

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The Nazi-oriented «German Christians» and the «Living Church» in Bolshevism – Two Religious Manifestations of New Political Orders Using the examples of the «Living Church» in the early Soviet Union and the «German Christians Religious Movement» in Nazi Germany, the article compares two church bodies which emphatically supported the new political orders against tendencies in the more traditional sections of their Churches. Both designed a political theology conforming to the core elements of the new political ideology (heroisation of the faith, glorification of nation and race in National Soci
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Tóth, Heléna. "Dialogue as a Strategy of Struggle: Religious Politics in East Germany, 1957–1968." Contemporary European History 29, no. 2 (2020): 171–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960777320000065.

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AbstractThis article argues that the topos of dialogue between Christians and Marxists fulfilled a key role in the creation and maintenance of power relations in religious politics in East Germany. Three case studies illustrate the topos of dialogue as a strategy of struggle: 1. the campaign against ‘revisionism’ and ‘politicised religion’; 2. the church policy strategy of ‘differentiation’; 3. the critique of the phenomena commonly associated with the Christian–Marxist dialogue outside East Germany in the mid-1960s. These instances of socialist religious politics, while having their own dynam
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Rao, Xinzi. "Revisiting Chinese-ness: A Transcultural Exploration of Chinese Christians in Germany." Studies in World Christianity 23, no. 2 (2017): 122–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/swc.2017.0180.

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This paper proposes a transcultural exploration of Chinese Christians in Germany, based on two years of fieldwork. I problematise the key term ‘Chinese-ness’ in particular, and offer a re-imagination of culture, religion and religious community.Literature on Chinese migrants rarely focuses on the religious perspective, and even when it does, it does not focus on the practitioners of Christianity and often assumes ‘Chinese’ as a national category or a culture that is confined to traditional philosophy. I call my informants ‘transcultural Chinese’ because this term best captures the complex dyna
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Blikstad, Emmaline. "Identity, Belonging, and Christian Community in Protestant Responses to the Aryan Paragraph in Nazi Germany." Florida Undergraduate Research Journal 2, no. 1 (2023): 73–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.55880/furj2.1.06.

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Examining Christianity and its representative denominations and groups in Nazi Germany has led scholars to try to construct how these Christian groups interacted with a government which institutionalized the death of millions. The focus of past scholarship has centered on debates over the extent to which institutional Protestant Christianity and individual Protestants opposed Adolf Hitler’s regime and Nazism. The focus of this thesis examines how four Protestants or Protestant groups employed definitions of what made one a Jewish Christian, what being Jewish meant, and who was included within
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Liberles, R. "Jews and Christians in early modern Germany." Leo Baeck Institute Yearbook 55, no. 1 (2010): 39–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/lbyb/ybq014.

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Sperber, Jonathan. "Commentary on Christians and Anti-Semitism." Central European History 27, no. 3 (1994): 349–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008938900010268.

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Anti-Semitism is the darkest and ugliest side of a modern German history that has had more than its share of dark and ugly sides. There is a strong and intellectually by no means illegitimate temptation to see the entire history of German anti-Semitism as a one-way street leading straight to the “Final Solution of the Jewish Question.” Yet such a teleological approach to anti-Semistism does not do justice to the complexity of the past, does not highlight what Karl Schleunes has called “the twisted road to Auschwitz.” The excellent thematic articles in this issue all take up this complexity, th
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De Villiers, D. E., and D. J. Smit. "Waarom verskil ons so oor wat die wil van God is? Opmerkings oor Christelike morele oordeelsvorming." Verbum et Ecclesia 17, no. 1 (1996): 31–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/ve.v17i1.1109.

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Why do we differ so much about the will of God? Comments on the formation of Christian moral judgements A better understanding of the way in which moral judgements are made and moral decisions are taken may help to understand why Christians differ so much on moral issues. Protestant ethicists, however, have generally ignored these questions, for a number of reasons. Heinz Eduard Tödt, a former professor in Social Ethics from Heidelberg, Germany, has done more than anyone else to put these issues on the agenda of protestant ethicists. The authors analyse the five most important aspects of his t
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Kruse, Joseph A. "„In dem Dome zu Corduva“." Zeitschrift für Religions- und Geistesgeschichte 73, no. 1 (2021): 21–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700739-07301004.

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Heinrich Heine (born in Düsseldorf in 1797 – died in Paris in 1856) had not only many places of residence during his years in Germany, but he also made numerous journeys throughout Europe. Thus, during his time in France, he got to know the country substantially better and furthermore he would have liked to undertake a detour to Spain. Since his student days, Spain was for him as a German Jew the epitome of a Jewish- Christian-Islamic symbiosis despite many differences and difficulties. He slipped into the role of the Moors to express his own outsider role within the German Christian majority
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SCHWARZ, HANS. "Luther and the Turks." Unio Cum Christo 3, no. 1 (2017): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.35285/ucc3.1.2017.art8.

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Abstract: Confronted with the military advance of the Turkish Ottoman Empire against the Holy Roman Empire, including the siege of Vienna, Martin Luther wrote several treatises on the Turks. Luther rejected the idea of a war in the name of religion against the Ottoman onslaught, seeing instead the defense of the Holy Roman Empire as the duty of the Emperor. Luther understood the Turkish threat as God’s punishment for the laxity of Christians and so called for repentance and a return to the gospel. Luther wanted the Christians to have firsthand information about Islam and promoted a translation
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Faithful, George Ellis. "Atoning for the Sins of the Fatherland." Journal of Religion in Europe 7, no. 3-4 (2014): 246–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18748929-00704004.

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Germany’s Ecumenical Sisterhood of Mary and its resident theologian, Mother Basilea Schlink, sought to intercede in repentance on behalf of their nation for its sins in the Holocaust. This vision of intercessory repentance had its foundations in both their reading of the Hebrew Bible and in German nationalism. However, whatever resemblance between Schlink’s language and style and that of German nationalism, she utterly inverted its priorities, placing the people (Volk) of Israel above all other peoples. This inversion was part of the sisters’ self-empowerment as women, part of a paradoxical rh
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Patch, William L. "Defending the “Peace of Sunday”: The Debate over Sunday Labor in the West German Steel Industry after the Second World War." Central European History 54, no. 4 (2021): 646–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008938921000066.

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AbstractWorking hours were largely unregulated in nineteenth-century Germany, but a powerful alliance emerged in the 1890s between the Christian churches and the socialist labor movement to prohibit most industrial labor on Sunday, including most production of steel. In the 1950s steel management persuaded organized labor that it would be advantageous to produce steel continuously throughout the week, the prevalent system in other countries. The Evangelical Church retreated in this debate, but the Catholic Church waged a fierce and partly successful campaign from 1952 to 1961 to defend the old
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Tshaka, Rothney S. "A confessing church at war with itself: The significance of the relationship between the concepts “Gospel and law”." STJ | Stellenbosch Theological Journal 1, no. 2 (2016): 683. http://dx.doi.org/10.17570/stj.2015.v1n2.a32.

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The confessing movement of Germany has influenced the South African confessional movement. Although the confessing movement of Germany was successful in alerting some Christians of the ills of nationalism and the concoction of nationalism with theology, this movement was not without its own challenges. One major challenge was revealed in terms of how the concepts Gospel and Law were related with one another. Being constituted by different ecclesial traditions, it lacked a clear consensus of how to deal with secular law, which was considered to be of concern by the state. A separation between g
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Grenier, Marc. "The Politics of Theology: Deadly Christian Compromises in Bonhoeffer’s Germany." International Journal of Cultural and Religious Studies 3, no. 2 (2023): 07–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/ijcrs.2023.3.2.2.

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Generally, this essay employs the concept of ‘stance’ to try to understand the theological thoughts and activities of Bonhoeffer and the Christian community at large during the turbulent events which occurred in Nazi Germany. In particular, it attempts a brief exploratory sketch of how various socio-political contextual factors significantly shaped many of his central theological ideas and concepts. The essay suggests that Bonhoeffer’s doctrine of ethics cannot be adequately understood apart from the socio-political context of Hitler’s dictatorship and the actions of the Nazi National Socialis
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Magonet, Jonathan. "Editorial." European Judaism 54, no. 2 (2021): v—vii. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/ej.2021.540201.

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2018 saw the fiftieth anniversary of the spontaneous founding of an interfaith initiative involving Jews and Christians in the unlikely location of Germany. Anneliese Debray, who was the director of a Catholic women’s adult education centre in Bendorf, near Koblenz, had the imagination and courage to set about creating programmes for encounter and reconciliation in the post-war world. The centre, the Hedwig Dransfeld Haus, became a meeting place for French and German and Polish and German families; for physically and mentally handicapped people together with ‘normal’ people; for the challengin
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Alvis, Robert E. "Holy Homeland: The Discourse of Place and Displacement among Silesian Catholics in Postwar West Germany." Church History 79, no. 4 (2010): 827–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009640710001046.

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The author of the above quotation, Rudolf Jokiel, was one of over twelve million ethnic Germans expelled from their homes in Germany's eastern provinces (East Prussia, Pomerania, Brandenburg, and Silesia), the Sudetenland, and other pockets of Eastern Europe at the end of World War II and resettled within the country's truncated postwar borders. The expellees bitterly lamented their enforced exile, and many Christians within this population shared Jokiel's sentiments concerning the connection between faith and homeland. Those who settled in the territory of the Federal Republic of Germany (Wes
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Kristian, Hendi, and Pakhri Anhar. "CHURCH OF KALIMANTAN EVANGELIS HOSIANA BANJARMASIN." JURNAL TUGAS AKHIR MAHASISWA LANTING 10, no. 2 (2021): 62–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/jtamlanting.v10i2.804.

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The Gereja Kalimantan Evangelis Banjarmasin is a Christian place of worship located in the city of Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan. Starting from the Gospel Preaching in the 19th century, the entry of Protestant Christian teachings in the land of Borneo by missionaries from Germany. Initially known as the Gereja Dayak Evangelis but there was a change to G.K.E, along with the development of the Gereja Kalimantan Evangelis, the increase in the number of congregations and the spiritual needs of Christians also needed to be increased. The church is not only a place of worship, but also a place to sh
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Schärtl, Thomas. "Americanized Catholicism? A Glance from the United States back toward Germany." Horizons 41, no. 2 (2014): 296–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/hor.2014.82.

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Thomas Schärtl observes that many trends in the United States are adapted in Europe and especially in Germany, yet there remain categories that are incommensurable. What can appear to be an ideal pluralism in the United States can also be interpreted as “bubbles” that reveal a lack of interaction among various groups. Consumerism and individualism have an impact on even some US Catholic bishops, leading to actions that appear strange to a German observer, such as protesting President Obama's invitation to speak at Notre Dame and teaming up politically with conservative Evangelical and Pentecos
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Doyle, Dennis M. "Americanized Catholicism? A Glance from the United States back toward Germany." Horizons 41, no. 2 (2014): 310–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/hor.2014.83.

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Thomas Schärtl observes that many trends in the United States are adapted in Europe and especially in Germany, yet there remain categories that are incommensurable. What can appear to be an ideal pluralism in the United States can also be interpreted as “bubbles” that reveal a lack of interaction among various groups. Consumerism and individualism have an impact on even some US Catholic bishops, leading to actions that appear strange to a German observer, such as protesting President Obama's invitation to speak at Notre Dame and teaming up politically with conservative Evangelical and Pentecos
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Lehnertz, Andreas. "Dismantling a Monopoly: Jews, Christians, and the Production of Shofarot in Fifteenth-Century Germany." Medieval Encounters 27, no. 4-5 (2021): 360–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700674-12340112.

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Abstract This essay presents a case study from Erfurt (Germany) concerning the production of shofarot (i.e., animal horns blown for ritual purposes, primarily on the Jewish New Year). By the early 1420s, Jews from all over the Holy Roman Empire had been purchasing shofarot from one Christian workshop in Erfurt that produced these ritual Jewish objects in cooperation with an unnamed Jewish craftsman. At the same time, two Jews from Erfurt were training in this craft, and started to produce shofarot of their own making. One of these Jewish craftsmen claimed that the Christian workshop had been d
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Wittmer, Fabius, and Christian Waldhoff. "Religious Education in Germany in Light of Religious Diversity: Constitutional Requirements for Religious Education." German Law Journal 20, no. 7 (2019): 1047–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/glj.2019.76.

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AbstractIn Article 7, paragraph 3, the German Constitution provides that religious education shall be a part of the curriculum of public school. This is one of the three approaches of dealing with religious education existing today. Originally, religious education as a regular subject at public schools in Germany was only offered by the two Christian Churches—Catholic and Protestant. As the number of Christians decreased and the number of Muslims increased, the demand for Islamic religious education at public schools grew. Therefore, the question arose whether the constitutional law concerning
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Althoff, Andrea. "Right-wing populism and religion in Germany: Conservative Christians and the Alternative for Germany (AfD)." Zeitschrift für Religion, Gesellschaft und Politik 2, no. 2 (2018): 335–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41682-018-0027-9.

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Özyürek, Esra. "Convert Alert: German Muslims and Turkish Christians as Threats to Security in the New Europe." Comparative Studies in Society and History 51, no. 1 (2008): 91–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s001041750900005x.

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At the turn of the twenty-first century two countries—one at the center of Europe and the other at its periphery—officially declared converts to minority religions to be threats to national security. The first is Germany, where since early 2006 Minister of Interior Affairs Wolfgang Schäuble has repeatedly warned against the danger posed by German converts to Islam (e.g., Schmid 2007). Recently, after two German Muslims were caught collecting chemicals used to make explosives, the Christian Democrat Union (CDU) faction's leader Wolfgang Bosbach and its Bavarian Interior Minister Günther Beckste
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Nweke, Kizito Chinedu. "Christomatric Mission: A Pastoral-Theological Model for Christian Witness in Pluralistic Societies." Religious: Jurnal Studi Agama-Agama dan Lintas Budaya 8, no. 3 (2024): 265–80. https://doi.org/10.15575/rjsalb.v8i3.40556.

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This study explores how African Christians in Germany navigate the tension between maintaining their confessional identity and engaging in increasingly pluralistic and secular societies. Recognising the pastoral and theological challenges posed by epistemological relativism and interreligious equality, the research introduces the Christomatric Model as a relational framework for Christian missions. Employing a qualitative methodology with a reflective-hermeneutic approach, data were collected through informal conversations, participant observation, and written reflections within the African Ca
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Baiduzh, Dmitrii V., and Victoriia O. Medvedeva. "THE IMAGE OF THE OTHER: THE DISTINCTIVE SIGN OF THE JEWS IN MEDIEVAL GERMANY (13th-16th CENTURIES)." Tyumen State University Herald. Humanities Research. Humanitates 8, no. 4 (2022): 110–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.21684/2411-197x-2022-8-4-110-133.

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This paper studies the special distinguishing sign of the Jews in the Germany during the 13th-16th centuries. Since early 12th c., Europe saw a large-scale process of rethinking the place of existing social groups and the emergence of new ones, clearly expressed by a set of iconic practices. The legitimization of the Jews’ emblems is its direct consequence. Using semiotic analysis, the authors consider visual signs in written and pictorial sources of various types as elements within the framework of a common sign system, as well as reveal the specifics of emblematic manifestations characterist
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Monshipouri, M., and J. W. Arnold. "The Christians in Socialism--and after: The Church in East Germany." Journal of Church and State 38, no. 4 (1996): 751–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jcs/38.4.751.

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Meyer, Hans Joachim. "The contribution of Catholic Christians to social renewal in East Germany." Religion in Communist Lands 19, no. 1-2 (1991): 88–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09637499108431505.

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Brewer, Brian C. "Conference: “Jews, Christians, and Muslims in the Reformation Era,” Nuremberg, Germany." Sixteenth Century Journal 48, no. 4 (2017): 985–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/scj4804018.

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Trihandarkha, Daniel. "Doktrin Inerrancy dan Identitas Kaum Injili di Indonesia: Sebuah Kritik Konstruktif." Predica Verbum: Jurnal Teologi dan Misi 3, no. 1 (2023): 56–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.51591/predicaverbum.v3i1.63.

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Inerrancy doctrine appeared at the late 19th century in America as an answer to the emergence of critical and literature analysist movement from Europe, especially from Germany. The challenge toward the authority of the bible had emerged since the early church father, especially toward the historical aspect of the book of Genesis. It has been a straightforward notion to link doctrine of inerrancy with the evangelical Christians. The identity of being Evangelical with inerrancy doctrine seems inseparable, ever since. However, the rapid shift in theology, politics, and culture, firstly in the We
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Butler, Geoffrey. "Plague, Pentecostalism, and Pastoral Guidance." Pneuma 43, no. 1 (2021): 5–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700747-bja10030.

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Abstract Plagues and pandemics are nothing new for the Christian church. Throughout its history, believers have been forced to grapple with outbreaks, the latest being the COVID-19 crisis of 2020. As a relatively young branch of the Christian faith, Pentecostalism itself does not have a great deal of experience with this subject compared to many older traditions. In addition, with its emphasis on divine healing, a triumphalist attitude has unfortunately hindered some segments of the movement from developing a robust response to sickness and suffering at all. Martin Luther’s sixteenth-century r
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Robin Stefanus Zalukhu and Malik Bambangan. "Analisis Sejarah Gereja di Jerman: Tradisi, Konflik, dan Pembaruan untuk Pembelajaran Iman Orang Percaya Masa Kini." Tri Tunggal: Jurnal Pendidikan Kristen dan Katolik 3, no. 1 (2024): 93–109. https://doi.org/10.61132/tritunggal.v3i1.909.

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The church tradition in Germany not only includes liturgical and theological aspects, but also serves as an important foundation for the cultural and moral identity of German society. The differences of views and clashes between church denominations and political forces have opened up space for a deeper understanding of the meaning of tolerance, reconciliation, and fidelity to the values of faith. On the other hand, the renewal of the German church reflects an effort to remain relevant in the face of the challenges of the times, such as secularism, religious pluralism, and moral crises, includ
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Wild, Thomas. "The Unshakable Kingdom: The Life and Ministry of Paul Berron (1887–1970)." Transformation: An International Journal of Holistic Mission Studies 39, no. 1 (2021): 21–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/02653788211068264.

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Paul Berron was a singular missionary, a missionary ‘in between’ cultures and nations. He lived and worked not only between his European roots and the field of mission he organised in Syria and Lebanon, but also between two European countries, France and Germany, then involved in a harsh conflict. His experience as an Alsatian and his Christian commitment enabled him to sympathise with the fate of the Armenian survivors of the genocide of 1915. He maintained close links with Christians in the Netherlands, Switzerland, and other nations, involving them in the work of the emerging Action Chrétie
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Freudenthal, Gad. "Rabbi David Fränckel, Moses Mendelssohn, and the Beginning of the Berlin Haskalah: Reattributing a Patriotic Sermon (1757)." European Journal of Jewish Studies 1, no. 1 (2007): 3–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187247107780557173.

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AbstractOn December 10, 1757 R. David Fränckel (1707–1762), Chief Rabbi of Berlin Jewry, delivered in German a sermon on the occasion of Frederick the Great's victory at Leuthen. Scholarly consensus has ascribed this sermon to Moses Mendelssohn (1729–1796), and it is included in the authoritative edition of Mendelssohn's Complete Works (Jubiläumsausgabe). Drawing on an earlier sermon by Fränckel that has only recently come to light, this paper argues that the "Leuthen Sermon" was in truth authored by Fränckel himself, in Hebrew, and that Mendelssohn only translated it into German. This re-attr
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Niedhammer, Martina. "Food Preparation and Cookbooks as a Medium of Everyday Contact between Jews and Christians in the Habsburg Monarchy and Imperial Germany." European Journal of Jewish Studies 18, no. 2 (2024): 231–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1872471x-bja10079.

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Abstract In the early nineteenth century, Jewish cookbooks appeared on the Central European book market for the first time. So far, these manuals have been studied primarily from the perspective of the preservation of Jewish identity, that is, as a marker of the extent to which kashrut could be preserved in the face of increasing acculturation to non-Jewish society. Little attention was paid to aspects of transfer or entanglement between Jewish and non-Jewish foodways despite the central role of food in everyday life. In my paper, I try to map possible encounters between Jews and Christians in
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Paustian, Karin (Karima). "Interfaith Families." European Judaism 53, no. 1 (2020): 93–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/ej.2020.530112.

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After having grown up in a small village in northern Germany in a Protestant surrounding, I lived for several years in London and Paris where I met many people of different cultures and faiths. Finally, I converted to Islam at the age of twenty-six as the result of my own research. My conversion to Islam was later very important for the education of my children, who already had to deal with two very different cultures (Moroccan and German), to give them at least a ‘religious home’. Soon, I got involved in interfaith dialogue, especially with Christians and Jews, during which the following sayi
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Bailey, Charles E. "The Verdict of French Protestantism Against Germany in the First World War." Church History 58, no. 1 (1989): 66–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3167679.

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At the end of August 1914, with German troops having violated Belgian neutrality and rapidly advancing toward Paris, German Protestants made a desperate bid for a show of solidarity from the Protestant majority of Britain and the Protestant minority of France. In an “Appeal to Protestant Christians Abroad” leaders of the German Protestant missions movement expressed their hope that the war would not spread to Africa nor result in an “incurable rent” in the Protestant fellowship. Recalling the spirit of cooperation at the international Missionary Conference of Edinburgh in 1910 they urged that
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ELDEVIK, JOHN. "SAINTS, PAGANS, AND THE WONDERS OF THE EAST: THE MEDIEVAL IMAGINARY AND ITS MANUSCRIPT CONTEXTS." Traditio 71 (2016): 235–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/tdo.2016.12.

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Studies about Christian perceptions of Islam and other non-Christian cultures in the Middle Ages in recent years have tended to focus on individual authors and their works. New research in the field of manuscript philology, particularly its focus on the idea of the “whole book,” however, suggests some new interpretive vistas that can sharpen our understanding of how medieval readers engaged with, and responded to, texts about the non-Christian Other. This article takes as its subject a twelfth-century miscellany manuscript from the Westfalian monastery of Grafschaft that constitutes a remarkab
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Diemling, Maria. "A Goy who speaks Yiddish: Christians and the Jewish language in early modern Germany." Jewish Culture and History 15, no. 1-2 (2014): 141–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1462169x.2014.921436.

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Knoepffler, Nikolaus, and Martin O’Malley. "Dignity, Autonomy, and Assisted Suicide: An Ecumenical Perspective on the German Context." Ecclesiology 17, no. 2 (2021): 238–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/17455316-17020005.

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Abstract A 2020 decision by Germany’s highest court dramatically shifted the national discussion on assisted suicide. The decision stressed the ‘right to a self-determined death’ which must ‘be respected by state and society as an act of personal autonomy and self-determination’. Moreover, it clarified the non-criminality of assistance for suicides by third parties. The reaction of the main churches in Germany to this decision reflects ecclesiological differences. Protestant positions on assisted suicide are defined by pluralism; the Roman Catholic official position remains tied to ontological
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Demmrich, Sarah, Zuhal Ağılkaya-Şahin, and Abdulkerim Şenel. "Love Thy Neighbor: Exploring Religious and Social Openness among Prospective Theologians in Germany and Turkey." Religions 15, no. 3 (2024): 260. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel15030260.

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Amidst increasing globalization and religious diversity, acknowledging and embracing n openness towards religious and/or cultural others has become crucial for societal cohesion and international relations. Theological scholars, holding significant potential in mitigating inter-religious and intercultural prejudices, can play a pivotal role in addressing this challenge. However, it is acknowledged that theologians themselves may harbor such biases. This study, conducted within the framework of the Religious Openness Hypothesis, employed an online questionnaire among theology students, seen as
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Indelicato, Alessandro, and Juan Carlos Martín. "Attitudes towards Religions: The Impact of Being Out of the Religious Group." Religions 14, no. 10 (2023): 1218. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel14101218.

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Religious beliefs are a highly debated topic in the scientific literature. Various authors have approached this issue qualitatively and quantitatively. This study examines the attitudes towards out-religious groups, considering individuals’ socioeconomic characteristics. A new approach is introduced, utilising the Fuzzy-Hybrid TOPSIS method applied to the WZB—Berlin Social Science Center database. Four items that measure the general attitude towards (a) Jews, (b) Christians, (c) Muslims, and (d) atheists, are used, and a synthetic indicator is obtained to represent the individual attitude towa
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Sali, Meirison Alizar, Desmadi Saharuddin, Rosdialena Rosdialena, and Muhammad Ridho. "MODERASI ISLAM DALAM KESETARAAN GENDER (KOMPARASI TERHADAP AGAMA YAHUDI DAN NASRANI)." Jurnal AL-IJTIMAIYYAH: Media Kajian Pengembangan Masyarakat Islam 6, no. 1 (2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22373/al-ijtimaiyyah.v6i1.5510.

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Islam is a moderate religion that is very close to the dignity of women which is very different from the two religions of its predecessors. In both religions women are considered as a burden in life and very detrimental, women's rights are morally and materially ignored. Like ownership of property, the right to issue testimony, identity is assigned to the husband not to his father. Even as far back as 1956 and perhaps up to now in France and Germany full of women's freedom must obtain the husband's permission to conduct transactions, such as buying and selling, grants from his own property. Wi
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Kościelniak, Krzysztof. "Status chrześcijan w Libanie według Règlement z 1861 oraz 1864 roku." Analecta Cracoviensia 40 (January 4, 2023): 357–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.15633/acr.4023.

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Lebanon’s experiment with power sharing dates back to 1861 and 1864. Règlement, the law regulating relations between of all the ethnic-religious groups of Lebanon (Maronite Christians, Sunni Muslims, Christian Greek Orthodox, Greek Catholics, the Shi’a Muslims, and the Druze) was a novel, very interesting solution for multi-ethnic society of Lebanon. This society was divided along confessional lines concentrating in distinct geographical regions. The Ottoman governor had to be a appointed by Constantinople, non-Lebanese Catholic with the authorization of the five foreign guarantors (from Engla
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