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Journal articles on the topic 'Chromace'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 29 March 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Bastit-Kalinowska, Agnès. "Aquileienses clerici quasi chorus beatorum habentur (Hieronim, Kronika, rok 374). Przykład życia religijnego duchownych pod koniec IV wieku." Vox Patrum 70 (December 12, 2018): 205–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.31743/vp.3205.

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The end of the fourth century sees the emergence, in the West, of several experiences of monastic life in the city for the bishop and a part of his presbyterium (Eusèbe of Vercelli, Martin of Tours, Paulin of Nola, Augustin of Hippo). A similar attempt, around the priest Chromace of Aquileia (before his episcopate, and maybe even later), is documented by some testimonies of Jerome from Stridon and Rufin from Aquileia for the years 370s. These testimonies are the object of the present study.

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Escudero-Castejon, Lidia, Sergio Sanchez-Segado, Stephen Parirenyatwa, and Animesh Jha. "Formation of Chromium-Containing Molten Salt Phase during Roasting of Chromite Ore with Sodium and Potassium Hydroxides." Journal for Manufacturing Science and Production 16, no. 4 (2016): 215–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jmsp-2016-0023.

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AbstractChromium has a wide range of applications including metals and alloys manufacturing, pigments, corrosion resistance coatings and leather tanning. The production of chromium chemicals is based on the oxidative alkali roasting of chromite ores, which leads to the formation of water-soluble alkali chromates. Previous investigations reported that when chromite is roasted with soda-ash, a molten salt containing chromium, which is mainly composed of sodium carbonate and sodium chromate (Na2CO3-Na2CrO4 binary mixture), forms under typical roasting conditions. The physical properties of the li

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3

Bockmair, Georg. "Non-Chromate Surface Protection for Aircraft Maintenance." Advanced Materials Research 38 (March 2008): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.38.7.

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While chromates as anti-corrosion pigments in primers and wash primers have disappeared in most industries, there are still quite a lot of chromated paints used in the aircraft industry. Intensive efforts to develop alternative pre-treatments to chromate conversion coatings and to chromic acid anodization have begun. The intention of this report is to give an overview of the state-of-the-art techniques about such pre-treatment/coating systems of aluminium for aircraft maintenance, which are in accordance with the latest environmental policies. The objective is to evaluate the combination of su

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4

Ayinla, Kuranga I., Alafara A. Baba, Bankim C. Tripathy, and Ranjan K. Dwari. "Production of Industrial-Grade Monoclinic Lead Chromate (PbCrO4) from Indigenous Chromite ore for Paint Pigment Utilization." Journal of Nepal Chemical Society 44, no. 2 (2024): 101–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jncs.v44i2.68321.

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Decades of use have proven that lead chromate (PbCrO4) powder is an excellent paint pigment material. Unfortunately, practically this entire superb chromate compound used for decorative systems, protective systems, and mass dyeing of paper and polymer materials is conventionally made using inorganic synthetic chromium salts. In this study, we reported a promising simple, low-cost lead chromate production route derived from chromite ore from Nigeria. The Nigerian chromite ore was roasted in a 1:1 NaOH salt and then leached with water at 60°C. Lead nitrate was added to the leached liquor to furt

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5

Wunsch, Friederike M., Bernhard Wünsch, Freddy A. Bernal, and Thomas J. Schmidt. "Quantitative Structure–Activity Relationships of Natural-Product-Inspired, Aminoalkyl-Substituted 1-Benzopyrans as Novel Antiplasmodial Agents." Molecules 26, no. 17 (2021): 5249. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26175249.

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On the basis of the finding that various aminoalkyl-substituted chromene and chromane derivatives possess strong and highly selective in vitro bioactivity against Plasmodium falciparum, the pathogen responsible for tropical malaria, we performed a structure–activity relationship study for such compounds. With structures and activity data of 52 congeneric compounds from our recent studies, we performed a three-dimensional quantitative structure–activity relationship (3D-QSAR) study using the comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) approach as implemented in the Open3DQSAR software. The res

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Equeenuddin, Sk Md, and B. C. Raymahashay. "Retention of Anionic Pollutants by Overburden Material at Chromite Mines: An Experimental Investigation." Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution 5, no. 4 (2008): 109–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/ajw-2008-5_4_12.

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The goethite-rich overburden material at chromite mines is an efficient sink for the chromate anion. Leaching experiments using a saline solution showed that the material at the Sukinda mine of Orissa had retained a higher amount of chromate compared with the material at the nearby Boula mine. This difference can be attributed to the mineralogy at the two sites. For example, the proportion of poorly crystalline goethite is higher in the Sukinda material compared with Boula. Experiments on further adsorption of arsenate and phosphate indicated that the Boula sample had higher uptake capacity fo

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7

Cagide, F., T. Silva, J. Reis, et al. "Discovery of two new classes of potent monoamine oxidase-B inhibitors by tricky chemistry." Chemical Communications 51, no. 14 (2015): 2832–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4cc08798d.

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El-Dars, F. M. S., M. E. H. Shalabi, H. A. M. Abuzeid, M. G. Khalifa, and A. B. Farag. "The Study of the Formation of Sodium Chromate from El-Baramiya High-Silica Chromite Ore Concentrate Using Hydrated Lime." Eurasian Chemico-Technological Journal 9, no. 2 (2007): 97–103. https://doi.org/10.18321/ectj260.

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The formation of sodium chromate from a mixture of high-silica chromite ore concentrate (48.8%), soda ash and hydrated lime was investigated. Hydrated lime was added to an optimal mixture of Cr2O3:Na2CO3 (mole ratio 1:2.5) (mole ratio of CaO 0-3) and the materials were roasted at 1000°C for 60 min and PO2 0.21 atm. Results revealed a significant decrease in sodium chromate yield (from 42% to 25%) as the (CaO/Cr2O3) mole ratio increased from 0-0.5. Increasing the (CaO/Cr2O3) mole ratio above 1.0, an optimal chromate yield of 70% was achieved at the mole ratio of 2.5. In addition, roasting of op

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9

Lemarié, Joseph. "Le sermon 34 de Chromace d'Aquilée pour I'Épiphanie. Nouvelle attestation dans I'homéliaire carolingien du Pseudo-Bède." Sacris Erudiri 33 (January 1992): 121–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/j.se.2.303777.

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10

Tapia, I., V. Alcázar, and J. R. Morán. "Synthesis of chromanes using pyruvic acid dimethylhydrazone dianion." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 68, no. 12 (1990): 2190–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v90-335.

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11

Petit, François, Henri Debontride, Michel Lenglet, Gérard Juhel, and Didier Verchere. "Contribution of Spectrometric Methods to the Study of the Constituents of Chromating Layers." Applied Spectroscopy 49, no. 2 (1995): 207–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702953963733.

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The amorphous constituents of a chromating layer may be defined by the simultaneous use of diffuse reflection spectrometry in the ultraviolet and visible, and of Fourier transform infrared spectrometry. The PO4 group is characterized in the infrared reflection spectrum by bands located near 1070, 1030, and 900 cm−1 for chromium phosphate. The CrO4 group induces bands at 960, 860, and 820 cm−1 for zinc chromate and at about 980, 950, and 860 cm−1 for chromium chromates. The ligandmetal charge transfer bands (LMCT) characteristic of the chromates are situated in the region 3.35 to 4.20 eV. The s

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Alawadhi, Khaled, Richard Brown, and Jalal Alsarraf. "A replacement of chromate coating for adhesive bonding of stainless steel in a corrosive environment." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 3, no. 3 (2014): 396. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v3i3.3041.

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For adhesive bonding of stainless steel to itself, a surface treatment involving chromates is used. However, chromates are environmentally unfriendly so a replacement is being sought. In this paper, an alternative to chromate was investigated. The standard test method, ASTM D 1002, was used to measure the failure load of adhesively bonded stainless steel samples. A general-purpose epoxy adhesive was used. To simulate marine exposure, adhesively bonded samples were placed in a 5% salt spray for extended periods of time, up to five weeks. Results indicated that the initial shear strength of adhe

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Henry, Karen S., John C. Petura, Steven Brooks, Steven Dentico, Stephen A. Kessel, and Mark Harris. "Preventing surface deposition of chromium with asphalt caps at chromite ore processing residue sites: a case study." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 44, no. 7 (2007): 814–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t07-029.

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Caps were constructed on chromite ore processing residue (COPR) sites in the Kearny, New Jersey, area between 1989 and 1994 to prevent human exposure to hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)). The caps comprise geotextile overlain by 100 mm of dense graded aggregate (DGA) and 100 mm of hot mix asphalt (HMA). Prior to constructing these "composite asphalt caps" (CACs), Cr(VI) was sometimes deposited on surface soils as chromate (salts) during evaporative periods. We initially thought the geotextile and DGA acted as a capillary barrier, stopping capillary water rise, but site inspection revealed that the

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Voevodin, N., D. Buhrmaster, V. Balbyshev, A. Khramov, J. Johnson, and R. Mantz. "Nonchromated Coating Systems for Corrosion Protection of Aircraft Aluminum Alloys." Materials Performance 45, no. 11 (2006): 48–51. https://doi.org/10.5006/mp2006_45_11-48.

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The U.S. Air Force requires the development of an environmentally compliant, chromate-free aircraft coating system that meets or exceeds current corrosion protection capabilities. A number of nonchromated pretreatments and primers have been independently developed over the past years. This report compares the corrosion resistance performance of selected fully nonchromate systems to the standard chromate-containing coating system. The data identified two nonchromated systems that performed comparably to the standard chromated aircraft coating system.

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Sharma, Sangita, Kinnari H. Parikh, Mahesh V. Kadia, Falguni D. Thakkar, and Dhara D. Patel. "Polarization Studies on Inhibitory Effect of Chromates and Dichromates on Corrosion of Tin Coated Steel in 0.5M Monochloroacetic Acid." E-Journal of Chemistry 5, no. 2 (2008): 302–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/658706.

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Chromates and Dichromates have been tested for its inhibitory effects towards tin coated steel in 0.5M monochloroacetic acid. The corrosion behaviour of potassium chromate, sodium chromate, potassium dichromate, sodium dichromate and ammonium dichromate was studied by polarization curves, Tafel parameters like Tafel slopes, extrapolation of cathodic Tafel line and intersection of cathodic and anodic line at open circuit potential in presence of inhibitors have been tabulated along with other electrochemical parameters and corrosion current have been calculated from Tafel lines. The efficiencie

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16

Gomes, Ligia R., John Nicolson Low, Fernando Cagide, Daniel Chavarria, and Fernanda Borges. "New insights in the discovery of novelh-MAO-B inhibitors: structural characterization of a series ofN-phenyl-4-oxo-4H-chromene-3-carboxamide derivatives." Acta Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications 71, no. 5 (2015): 547–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2056989015007859.

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SixN-substituted-phenyl 4-oxo-4H-chromene-3-carboxamides, namelyN-(2-nitrophenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromene-3-carboxamide, C16H10N2O5(2b),N-(3-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromene-3-carboxamide, C17H13NO4, (3a),N-(3-bromophenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromene-3-carboxamide, C16H10BrNO3, (3b),N-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromene-3-carboxamide, C17H13NO4, (4a),N-(4-methylphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromene-3-carboxamide, C17H13NO3, (4d), andN-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromene-3-carboxamide, C16H11NO4, (4e), have been structurally characterized. All compounds exhibit ananticonformation with respect to the C—N rotamer of the ami

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Pokorný, Petr, and David Čítek. "Effect of Addition of Chromate to Concrete on the Bond Strength of Hot-Dip Galvanized Ribbed Rebar at Ambient Temperature." Key Engineering Materials 868 (October 2020): 10–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.868.10.

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This article studies the effect of chromate (CrO42-) addition to concrete mix on the corrosion behavior of hot-dip galvanized reinforcement and primarily on the bond strength of this reinforcement with concrete. According to the original literature, the addition of chromates should prevent corrosion of the coating in fresh concrete with the evolution of hydrogen. The results show that this is indeed the case, but the need for a greater amount of added chromates also reduces the mechanical properties of the concrete. This ultimately affects the bond strength of the hot-dip galvanized reinforcem

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Verner, Petr, and V. Chrást. "Behavior of conversion layers in the laboratory test conditions." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 53, no. 2 (2005): 127–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun200553020127.

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Toxicity of CrVI is a basic problem of chromate conversion layers. This paper refers to regulation EU, which limit occurrence CrVI. Purpose of experiment is alert to alternative anticorrosive inhibitors without CrVI. Alternative inhibitors are on the base CrIII. These inhibitors protect probably similar mechanism as chromans with CrVI.

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Vacek, Václav, and Vladimír Rod. "Diffusion coefficients of potassium chromate and dichromate in water at 25 °C." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 51, no. 7 (1986): 1403–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19861403.

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The concentration dependences of diffusion coefficients of potassium chromate and dichromate in water at 25 °C were measured by using the Taylor technique of the concentration pulse dispersion in laminar flow of liquid. The results were compared with hitherto published mutually inconsistent data for potassium and sodium chromates and dichromates.

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Gomes, Ligia R., John Nicolson Low, Carlos Fernandes, Alexandra Gaspar, and Fernanda Borges. "Crystal structures of ethyl 6-(4-methylphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromene-2-carboxylate and ethyl 6-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromene-2-carboxylate." Acta Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications 72, no. 1 (2016): 8–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2056989015022781.

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The crystal structures of two chromone derivatives,viz.ethyl 6-(4-methylphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromene-2-carboxylate, C19H16O4, (1), and ethyl 6-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromene-2-carboxylate C18H13FO4, (2), have been determined: (1) crystallizes with two molecules in the asymmetric unit. A comparison of the dihedral angles beween the mean planes of the central chromone core with those of the substituents, an ethyl ester moiety at the 2-position and apara-substituted phenyl ring at the 6-position shows that each molecule differs significantly from the others, even the two independent molecules (a

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Zhou, Yong, Pei Zhang, Jinping Xiong, and Fuan Yan. "The corrosion behavior of chromated AA2024 aluminum alloy in 3.5% NaCl solution." Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials 66, no. 6 (2019): 879–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/acmm-01-2019-2070.

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Purpose A chromate conversion coating was prepared on the surface of bare AA2024 aluminum alloy by direct immersion in the chromating treatment bath, and the corrosion behavior of chromated AA2024 aluminum alloy in 3.5 per cent NaCl solution was studied by electrochemical measurement and microstructural observation. Design/methodology/approach According to the polarization curve test and the scanning electron microscope observation, the corrosion evolution of chromated AA2024 in 3.5 per cent NaCl solution was divided into the following three stages: coating failure, pitting corrosion and inter

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Dey, Satarupa, Baishali Pandit, and A. K. Paul. "Reduction of Hexavalent Chromium by Viable Cells of Chromium Resistant Bacteria Isolated from Chromite Mining Environment." Journal of Mining 2014 (August 10, 2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/941341.

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Environmental contamination of hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] is of serious concern for its toxicity as well as mutagenic and carcinogenic effects. Bacterial chromate reduction is a cost-effective technology for detoxification as well as removal of Cr(VI) from polluted environment. Chromium resistant and reducing bacteria, belonging to Arthrobacter, Pseudomonas, and Corynebacterium isolated from chromite mine overburden and seepage samples of Orissa, India, were found to tolerate 12–18 mM Cr(VI) during growth. Viable cells of these isolates were also capable of growing and reducing 100 μM Cr(VI)

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Li, Zeng Xin, Guo Ming Wang, and Qiang Liang. "The Comparison of Three Recycling Processes of Copper Chromite Spent Catalysts." Advanced Materials Research 599 (November 2012): 566–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.599.566.

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Three technologies of recycling copper chromite spent catalysts from furfuryl production by furfural hydrogenization were developed. After the organic species was removed from the solid waste by vacuum pressure distillation at 130°C, the resultant solid waste catalyst was mixed with soda ash, followed by roasting, leaching and removing silicon in a reverberating furnace to obtain sodium chromate. Dissolving the cupric oxide in soda ash solution to remove chrome and then dissolving it in nitric acid, cupric nitrate can be obtained. A certain proportion of such sodium chromate and cupric nitrate

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Starks, Courtney M., Russell B. Williams, Vanessa L. Norman, et al. "Antibacterial chromene and chromane stilbenoids from Hymenocardia acida." Phytochemistry 98 (February 2014): 216–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2013.11.012.

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Andersson, Petter, and Mats Norell. "Scale Growth on Austenitic Alloys under KCl Deposits at 500°C." Materials Science Forum 595-598 (September 2008): 333–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.595-598.333.

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The scale growth on two austenitic alloys, Alloy 310 and Sanicro 28, under KCl deposits was examined. This is relevant to the long term corrosion of superheater tubes in biofuel combustion. Coupons were encapsulated in tablets so that 1 mm of KCl with a relative density of 91% covered the metal. Samples were tested at 500°C in 5%O2-10%H2O-N2 for 24, 168 and 672 h. After exposure the salt was broken off and the scale was characterised by using SEM-EDX and AES. After 24 h a 50 nm thick oxide surrounded 500 nm thick chromates on the surface. No oxide layer was detected under the chromates and no

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Gomes, Ligia R., John Nicolson Low, Fernando Cagide, and Fernanda Borges. "The crystal structures of fourN-(4-halophenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromene-3-carboxamides." Acta Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications 71, no. 1 (2015): 88–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2056989014027054.

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FourN-(4-halophenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromene-3-carboxamides (halo = F, Cl, Br and I),N-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromene-3-carboxamide, C16H10FNO3,N-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromene-3-carboxamide, C16H10ClNO3,N-(4-bromophenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromene-3-carboxamide, C16H10BrNO3,N-(4-iodophenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromene-3-carboxamide, C16H10INO3, have been structurally characterized. The molecules are essentially planar and each exhibits ananticonformation with respect to the C—N rotamer of the amide and acisgeometry with respect to the relative positions of the Carom—Carombond of the chromone ring and the carb

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Pettersson, J., C. Pettersson, Nicklas Folkeson, Lars Gunnar Johansson, Erik Skog, and Jan Erik Svensson. "The Influence of Sulfur Additions on the Corrosive Environments in a Waste-Fired CFB Boiler." Materials Science Forum 522-523 (August 2006): 563–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.522-523.563.

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Corrosion/deposition field tests have been carried out in the superheater region of a commercial waste-fired 75MW CFBC boiler using air cooled probes. The influence of material temperature (450-500°C), flue gas temperature, temperature variations (i.e. thermal cycling) and additives to the fuel (elemental sulphur and dolomite) on deposition and corrosion was studied. The results presented here mainly consider the influence of sulphur additions to the fuel. The fuel was a mixture of 50% household waste and 50% industrial waste. After exposure the samples were analyzed by ESEM/EDX, XRD, AAS, FIB

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Stoulil, Jan, Martina Anisová, Eva Mistova, and Jaroslav Fojt. "Zr-based coating for the prevention of silver tarnishing." Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials 61, no. 1 (2013): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/acmm-01-2013-1230.

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Purpose – This work aims to focus on evaluation of the ability of cathodically deposited ZrO2-based coatings to stabilise the surface of silver against tarnishing caused by S2−-based species and comparison of these coatings with Cr oxide-based coating. Design/methodology/approach – The coatings were evaluated using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and galvanostatic reduction of specimens exposed to H2S vapours. Findings – The kinetics of deposition were studied and optimum conditions for coating

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Gomes, Ligia R., John Nicolson Low, Fernando Cagide, Alexandra Gaspar, and Fernanda Borges. "A comparison of the structures of some 2- and 3-substituted chromone derivatives: a structural study on the importance of the secondary carboxamide backbone for the inhibitory activity of MAO-B." Acta Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications 71, no. 11 (2015): 1270–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2056989015017958.

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The crystal structures of the 3-substituted tertiary chromone carboxamide derivative, C17H13NO3,N-methyl-4-oxo-N-phenyl-4H-chromene-3-carboxamide (1), and the chromone carbonyl pyrrolidine derivatives, C14H13NO3, 3-(pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4H-chromen-4-one (3) and 2-(pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-4H-chromen-4-one (4) have been determined. Their structural features are discussed and compared with similar compounds namely with respect to their MAO-B inhibitory activities. The chromone carboxamide presents a –synconformation with the aromatic rings twisted with respect to each other [the dihedral angle

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Kendig, M. W., and R. G. Buchheit. "Corrosion Inhibition of Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys by Soluble Chromates, Chromate Coatings, and Chromate-Free Coatings." CORROSION 59, no. 5 (2003): 379–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.5006/1.3277570.

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Iwata, Naoki, and Susumu Kitanaka. "New Cannabinoid-Like Chromane and Chromene Derivatives from Rhododendron anthopogonoides." CHEMICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN 59, no. 11 (2011): 1409–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1248/cpb.59.1409.

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Liu, Cheng Jun, Jie Qi, and Mao Fa Jiang. "Experimental Study on Sulfuric Acid Leaching Behavior of Chromite with Different Temperature." Advanced Materials Research 361-363 (October 2011): 628–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.361-363.628.

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Utilizing Pakistan chromite as raw material, the rapid leaching of chromium and iron could be realized by the sulfuric acid leaching process on the condition of atmospheric pressure and the addition of oxidant A. And the leaching rate of chromium and iron would be 98.5% and 71.9%, respectively. The sulfuric acid leaching processes with different temperature were systematically studied by chemical analysis and phase analysis. The results showed that, with the increase of reaction temperature, the leaching rate of chromium would increase gradually, but the leaching rate of iron increased at firs

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Akhmadiyeva, Nazym, Rinat Abdulvaliyev, Sergey Gladyshev, et al. "Optimizing Technological Parameters for Chromium Extraction from Chromite Ore Beneficiation Tailings." Minerals 15, no. 6 (2025): 555. https://doi.org/10.3390/min15060555.

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This study focuses on optimizing the alkali roasting conditions for chromite beneficiation tailings with the goal of enhancing chromium oxide (Cr2O3) extraction. Within the experimental framework, the variables included roasting temperature, the amount of added Na2CO3, and reaction time. The results revealed that temperature is the most critical factor directly affecting the extraction efficiency. Increasing the amount of Na2CO3 contributed to an increase in Cr2O3 recovery, although excessive addition may not be economically justified. The optimal conditions—1000 °C, 120%–130% Na2CO3 (relative

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Osyanin, Vitaly A., Dmitry V. Osipov, Irina V. Melnikova, Kirill S. Korzhenko, Irina A. Semenova, and Yuri N. Klimochkin. "Catalyst-Free Synthesis of Chromane-Type N,O-Acetals via Intramolecular Addition of Phenols to Enamines." Synthesis 52, no. 23 (2020): 3604–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1707209.

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A new strategy to 2-aminochromanes through catalyst-free cascade reaction of 3-trifluoroacetyl-4H-chromenes and 4H-chromene-3-carbaldehydes with cyclic secondary amines is presented. The reaction proceeds through subsequent 1,4- and 1,2-additions of amine, bimolecular elimination of trifluoroacetamide or formamide, and 6-exo-trig cyclization. The latter stage is a very rare example of addition of phenols to enamines. The obtained semicyclic N,O-acetals were applied as useful precursors for the synthesis of other chromanes.

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Hall, J. B., and J. K. Kouba. "Electron Microscopy of Barium-Promoted Copper Chromite." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 43 (August 1985): 390–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100118825.

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Copper chromite was reported as an effective catalyst for the hydrogenation of esters to alcohols by Homer Adkins in 1931, and it still remains the catalyst of choice for this reaction. Its most common commercial application is in the hydrogenation of fatty esters to detergent range linear alcohols. Typical reaction conditions are relatively severe: 200-250°C and 2000-4000 psig hydrogen. Barium is often used as a promoter and such a catalyst is prepared by codeposition of barium and copper chromates followed by calcination to the mixed chromite. The catalyst is usually activated by reduction w

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Matern, K., and T. Mansfeldt. "Chromate adsorption from chromite ore processing residue eluates by three Indian soils." Environmental Chemistry 13, no. 4 (2016): 674. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/en15147.

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Environmental context Chromate (CrO42–)-containing waste is illegally dumped in some places in the state of Uttar Pradesh, north India, although CrO42– is known to be toxic and carcinogenic. Because CrO42– is leached from the landfills, this study investigated the adsorption of CrO42– by soils. The results indicated that CrO42– is highly leachable and adsorption is inhibited, which leads to contamination of the groundwater and drinking water in this area. Abstract Chromite ore processing residue (COPR) is a harmful waste of the chromate (CrO42–) extraction roasting process. Nevertheless, depos

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Xu, Yuan-Ze, Jia-Wei Tian, Feng Sha, Qiong Li, and Xin-Yan Wu. "Concise Synthesis of Chromene/Chromane-Type Aryne Precursors and Their Applications." Journal of Organic Chemistry 86, no. 9 (2021): 6765–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.joc.1c00493.

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Geier, Johannes, Holger Lessmann, Brigitte Hellweg, et al. "Chromated metal products may be hazardous to patients with chromate allergy." Contact Dermatitis 60, no. 4 (2009): 199–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0536.2008.01476.x.

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Kumla, Decha, José Pereira, Tida Dethoup, et al. "Chromone Derivatives and Other Constituents from Cultures of the Marine Sponge-Associated Fungus Penicillium erubescens KUFA0220 and Their Antibacterial Activity." Marine Drugs 16, no. 8 (2018): 289. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md16080289.

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A previously unreported chromene derivative, 1-hydroxy-12-methoxycitromycin (1c), and four previously undescribed chromone derivatives, including pyanochromone (3b), spirofuranochromone (4), 7-hydroxy-6-methoxy-4-oxo-3-[(1E)-3-oxobut-1-en-1-yl]-4H-chromene-5-carboxylic acid (5), a pyranochromone dimer (6) were isolated, together with thirteen known compounds: β-sitostenone, ergosterol 5,8-endoperoxide, citromycin (1a), 12-methoxycitromycin (1b), myxotrichin D (1d), 12-methoxycitromycetin (1e), anhydrofulvic acid (2a), myxotrichin C (2b), penialidin D (2c), penialidin F (3a), SPF-3059-30 (7), G

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Guliev, I. S., O. P. Maksakova, F. R. Babaev, R. G. Nanajanova, A. S. Javadova, and G. S. Martynova. "Adamantans in the oils as the indexes of presence of oil source rocks in deep depths (Absheron archipelago, South Caspian depression)." Azerbaijan Oil Industry, no. 2 (February 15, 2020): 4–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.37474/0365-8554/2020-2-4-9.

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The distribution features of adamantans of С10-С14 composition and their role in petroleum genesis has been studied, the biomarkers, adamantine and its homologs identified in Absheron archipelago oils via the method of chromate-mass-spectrometry. The calculations by the chromato-mass-spectrometry data justified that the adamantine and its methyl-substituted compounds are located in the order of increase of their thermo-dynamic steadiness in the following way: 2-Mad > 1-Mad > 3-Mad > Ad, which, in its turn, justifies the genesis of adamantine in the oils via thermic transition of norma

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Nastasă, Cristina Mariana, Mihaela Duma, Adrian Pîrnău, Laurian Vlase, Brîndușa Tiperciuc, and Ovidiu Oniga. "Development of new 5-chromenyl-2,4-thiazolidinediones as antimicrobial agents." Medicine and Pharmacy Reports 89, no. 1 (2015): 122–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.15386/cjmed-509.

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Background and aims. In the context of the increasing phenomenon of microbial resistance to usual drugs, the development of new treatment strategies and new therapeutic protocols is a constant need. Thiazolidinedione and chromone represent two important scaffolds in medicinal chemistry due to their large pharmacological applicability.Methods. We synthesized a new 5-(chromene-3-yl)methylene-2,4-thiazolidinedione starting from 6,8-dichloro-4-oxo-4H-chromene-3-carbaldehyde. Then, by treating with different α-bromoalkylarylketones, we obtained N-substituted derivatives. All new compounds were inve

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Iwata, Naoki, and Susumu Kitanaka. "ChemInform Abstract: New Cannabinoid-Like Chromane and Chromene Derivatives from Rhododendron anthopogonoides." ChemInform 43, no. 16 (2012): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.201216194.

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Kochnev, Ivan A., Alexey Y. Barkov, Nikita S. Simonov та ін. "Different Behavior of 2-Substituted 3-Nitro-2H-chromenes in the Reaction with Stabilized Azomethine Ylides Generated from α-Iminoesters". Molecules 27, № 24 (2022): 8983. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27248983.

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The AgOAc-catalysed reaction of 3-nitro-2-phenyl-2H-chromenes with stabilized azomethine ylides generated from the imines based on methyl glycinate and arylaldehydes leads to a mixture of endo and endo’ isomers of the corresponding chromeno[3,4-c]pyrrolidines in a ratio of 2.0–2.3:1 in 85–93% total yields as a result of a Michael addition/Mannich reaction sequence. In a similar reaction involving 2-trifluoromethyl-3-nitro-2H-chromenes, only endo chromeno[3,4-c]pyrrolidines are formed in 85–94% yields. 3-Nitro-2-(trichloromethyl)-2H-chromenes under the same conditions react with these azomethin

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Filippidis, A. "Chemical variation of chromite in the central sector of Xerolivado chrome mine of Vourinos, Western Macedonia, Greece." Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie - Monatshefte 1997, no. 8 (1997): 354–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/njmm/1997/1997/354.

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Yang, Yong-xun, Jin-xin Wang, Qun Wang, et al. "New chromane and chromene meroterpenoids from flowers of Rhododendron rubiginosum Franch. var. rubiginosum." Fitoterapia 127 (June 2018): 396–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fitote.2018.03.017.

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Alvarez, Angel H., Rafael Moreno-Sánchez, and Carlos Cervantes. "Chromate Efflux by Means of the ChrA Chromate Resistance Protein from Pseudomonas aeruginosa." Journal of Bacteriology 181, no. 23 (1999): 7398–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.181.23.7398-7400.1999.

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ABSTRACT Everted membrane vesicles of Pseudomonas aeruginosaPAO1 harboring plasmid pCRO616, expressing the ChrA chromate resistance protein, accumulated four times more51CrO4 2− than vesicles from plasmidless cells, indicating that a chromate efflux system functions in the resistant strain. Chromate uptake showed saturation kinetics with an apparent Km of 0.12 mM chromate and aV max of 0.5 nmol of chromate/min per mg of protein. Uptake of chromate by vesicles was dependent on NADH oxidation and was abolished by energy inhibitors and by the chromate analog sulfate. The mechanism of resistance t

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Saeed, Muhammad, Malika Rani, Kiran Batool, et al. "Synthesis and Fabrication of Co1−xNixCr2O4 Chromate Nanoparticles and the Effect of Ni Concentration on Their Bandgap, Structure, and Optical Properties." Journal of Composites Science 5, no. 9 (2021): 247. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs5090247.

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In the present work, cobalt-chromite-based pigment Co1-xNixCr2O4 chromate powder and nanoparticles with various transition metal concentrations (x = 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8) were manufactured by applying aqueous synthesis approaches and sol–gel synthesis routes. XRD analysis of the powder shows that all samples formulated by the sol–gel method were crystalline with a spinel structure. Chromites show green color with a higher nickel concentration, while Co-substituent shows blackish pigments. Samples were annealed at distinct temperatures ranging from 600 °C to 750 °C. The nanoparticles obtained

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McLean, Jeff, and Terry J. Beveridge. "Chromate Reduction by a Pseudomonad Isolated from a Site Contaminated with Chromated Copper Arsenate." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 67, no. 3 (2001): 1076–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.67.3.1076-1084.2001.

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ABSTRACT A pseudomonad (CRB5) isolated from a decommissioned wood preservation site reduced toxic chromate [Cr(VI)] to an insoluble Cr(III) precipitate under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. CRB5 tolerated up to 520 mg of Cr(VI) liter−1 and reduced chromate in the presence of copper and arsenate. Under anaerobic conditions it also reduced Co(III) and U(VI), partially internalizing each metal. Metal precipitates were also found on the surface of the outer membrane and (sometimes) on a capsule. The results showed that chromate reduction by CRB5 was mediated by a soluble enzyme that was largely

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Ribeiro Laia, Fernanda M., Maria I. L. Soares, Clara S. B. Gomes, and Teresa M. V. D. Pinho e Melo. "Pericyclic Reactions of Azafulvenium Methides Bearing Internal Dipolarophiles - Synthesis of Chromene and Chromane Derivatives." European Journal of Organic Chemistry 2015, no. 6 (2015): 1341–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ejoc.201403407.

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Abdolmohammadi, Shahrzad, Seyed Reza Rasouli Nasrabadi, Ahmad Seif, and Narges Elmi Fard. "Ag/CdS Nanocomposite: An Efficient Recyclable Catalyst for the Synthesis of Novel 8-Aryl-8H-[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-g]chromene-6-carboxylic Acids under Mild Reaction Conditions." Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening 21, no. 5 (2018): 323–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1386207321666180604104456.

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Aim and Objective: Chromene derivatives are privileged heterocyclic systems that exhibit various types of biological properties such as antioxidant, anticancer, antimicrobial, hypotensive, and local anesthetic. Cadmium sulfide nanoparticles (CdS NPs) as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst is used in various organic transformations because of its certain unique and unusual physico-chemical properties. The effectiveness of catalytic activity of CdS NPs can be improved due to the combined effect of Ag particles. Results: Ag/CdS nanocomposite is a readily available, recyclable, and non-toxic catal

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