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Journal articles on the topic 'Chromatic Dispersion (CD)'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 1 August 2025

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1

Ba, Junhao, Zhiping Huang, Fangqi Shen, and Junyu Wei. "Joint Estimation of Symbol Rate and Chromatic Dispersion Using Delayed Multiplier for Optical Performance Monitoring." Photonics 8, no. 2 (2021): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics8020058.

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Symbol rate and chromatic dispersion (CD) are very important for optical performance monitoring. The CD, however, hinders the symbol rate detection. In this paper, we proposed a joint estimation of symbol rate and chromatic dispersion. We show that, when the signal conjugates and multiplies with the delayed replica, the spectral line can be restored. The proposed method provides a fast and simple solution for joint estimation as traditional tentative CD scanning is time consuming. The simulation shows that the root-mean-squared error (RMSE) for CD was 39.5 ps/nm and the symbol rate was 2.4 MHz

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2

Zhao, Jian, Chao Lu, and X. R. Ma. "Simultaneously Monitoring of Chromatic Dispersion and Polarization Mode Dispersion for DPSK Signal Based on RF Spectrum Analysis." Applied Mechanics and Materials 130-134 (October 2011): 3851–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.130-134.3851.

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We have demonstrated a method to monitor CD and first order PMD simultaneously of DPSK signal based on the RF spectrum analysis. The monitoring sensitivity can reach 56.7ps/nm/dB and 3.1ps/dB for CD and DGD, respectively.

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Sun, Xiaoyong, Shaojing Su, Xiaojun Guo, and Junyu Wei. "A Fast and Blind Chromatic Dispersion Estimation Based on Stepwise Optimal Order Search Method in Fractional Domain." Photonics 9, no. 4 (2022): 223. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics9040223.

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A fast and low-complexity blind chromatic dispersion (CD) estimation method is proposed by a stepwise optimal order search of fractional Fourier transform (FrFT) in coherent optical communications. The method can track the cumulative dispersion over time in future dynamic and flexible scenarios. The validity of the FrFT method is verified by analogy to the field of CD estimation from the energy concentration property of the chirp signal, and the estimation equation of the CD value is obtained by parameter transformation. Numerical simulations have been carried out in the CD range of 1600 ps/nm

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Zhu, Guijun, Xiukai Ruan, and Zhili Zhou. "Dispersion characteristics and compensation in the POLMUX coherent optical communication system." Modern Physics Letters B 31, no. 19-21 (2017): 1740054. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984917400541.

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The trend of high-speed optical communication is to realize large capacity, fast speed and long haul transmission. However, the dispersion in an optical fiber link can cause signals distortion or even inter symbol interference (ISI). With increasing signal rate and transmission distance in the optical communication system, the development of high-speed optical fiber communication is restricted seriously. This paper is focusing on the dispersion characteristics and compensation of the polarization multiplexing (POLMUX) coherent optical communication system: (i) to study on dispersion theoretica

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Wang, Zhaonian, Jiangbing Du, Weihong Shen, Jiacheng Liu, and Zuyuan He. "Efficient Design for Integrated Photonic Waveguides with Agile Dispersion." Sensors 21, no. 19 (2021): 6651. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21196651.

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Chromatic dispersion engineering of photonic waveguide is of great importance for Photonic Integrated Circuit in broad applications, including on-chip CD compensation, supercontinuum generation, Kerr-comb generation, micro resonator and mode-locked laser. Linear propagation behavior and nonlinear effects of the light wave can be manipulated by engineering CD, in order to manipulate the temporal shape and frequency spectrum. Therefore, agile shapes of dispersion profiles, including typically wideband flat dispersion, are highly desired among various applications. In this study, we demonstrate a

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FALL, Papa Alioune, and Mangone Fall. "Experimental Investigation of Intensity Modulator/Direct Detection (IM/DD) Optical OFDM System with Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG)." Journal of Optical Communications 41, no. 3 (2020): 257–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/joc-2017-0192.

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AbstractTo improve the performance of optical fiber transmission and to compensate the fiber chromatic dispersion (CD), we propose to use fiber Bragg grating (FBG) in intensity modulator/direct detection IM/DD optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OOFDM) system, and experimentally demonstrate 2.5-Gbit/s QPSK-OFDM transmission over 200 km SMF-28. FBG used before the detection as a chromatic dispersion compensation module, reducing the beating noise between ASE noise and OFDM signal. By using the FBG in IM/DD OOFDM system, our experimental results show that the receiver sensitivity

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Das, Bhagwan, Nawaz Ali Zardari, Farah Deeba, and Dileep Kumar Ramnani. "Design and Development of GUI for the Mitigation of Chromatic Dispersion: A New Approach." Sukkur IBA Journal of Emerging Technologies 5, no. 1 (2022): 19–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.30537/sjet.v5i1.937.

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Chromatic Dispersion (CD) is the important effect that is considering for optical communication system design as it broadens the pulse during the propagation along channel resulting in pulse overlapping and ultimately bit errors raises. The increment in bit error, in result reduce the performance of optical system. Therefore, mitigation CD is necessary in order to improve the performance of optical communication system. There are several techniques of mitigating CD have been proposed and all based on coding based and this will create issues for the communication design engineer that every time

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Zhao, Bingyi, Zhiqun Yang, Zhongze Lv, et al. "Complete Dispersion Measurement for Few-Mode Fibers with Large Mode Numbers Enabled by Multiplexer-Assisted S2." Photonics 12, no. 6 (2025): 561. https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics12060561.

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With the widespread use and increasing importance of few-mode fibers (FMFs), comprehensive dispersion measurement for FMFs with large mode numbers is in urgent demand. Among existing methods, spatially and spectrally resolved (S2) imaging technique offers distinct advantages for measuring differential mode group delay (DMGD) and chromatic dispersion (CD) parameters. However, it suffers from several limitations such as uncontrollable mode excitation and an inability to measure absolute CD. In this study, we enhance the traditional S2 method, making it possible to effectively measure the complet

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9

Zhang, Yuchen, Xue Chen, Tao Yang, et al. "A Chromatic Dispersion-Tolerant Frequency Offset Estimation Algorithm Based on Pilot Tone for Digital Subcarrier Multiplexing Systems." Photonics 11, no. 2 (2024): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics11020118.

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A digital subcarrier multiplexing (DSCM) system has been proposed as a possible solution for large capacity and long-distance coherent optical transmissions due to its high tolerances for chromatic dispersion (CD), equalization-enhanced phase noise (EEPN) and fiber nonlinearity. In a DSCM receiver, for subcarrier-demultiplex to occur properly, frequency offset estimation (FOE) must be implemented before demultiplexing. It is beneficial to decrease complexity and EEPN by compensating CD on each subcarrier. Therefore, a high CD tolerance is indispensable for the FOE algorithm in a DSCM receiver.

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10

H. Abbas, Ahmed, and Thamer M. Jamel. "Compensating Chromatic Dispersion and Phase Noise using Parallel AFB-MBPS For FBMC-OQAM Optical Communication System." International journal of electrical and computer engineering systems 14, no. 8 (2023): 853–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.32985/ijeces.14.8.4.

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Filter Bank Multi-Carrier Offset-QAM (FBMC-OQAM) is one of the hottest topics in research for 5G multi-carrier methods because of its high efficiency in the spectrum, minimal leakage in the side lobes, zero cyclic prefix (CP), and multiphase filter design. Large-scale subcarrier configurations in optical fiber networks need the use of FBMC-OQAM. Chromatic dispersion is critical in optical fiber transmission because it causes different spectral waves (color beams) to travel at different rates. Laser phase noise, which arises when the phase of the laser output drifts with time, is a major barrie

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11

Yang, Tao, Yu Jiang, Yongben Wang, Jialin You, Liqian Wang, and Xue Chen. "Low-Complexity and Highly-Robust Chromatic Dispersion Estimation for Faster-than-Nyquist Coherent Optical Systems." Photonics 9, no. 9 (2022): 657. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics9090657.

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Faster-than-Nyquist (FTN) coherent optical transmission technology is considered to be an outstanding solution to achieve higher spectral efficiency (SE), larger capacity, and greater achievable transmission by using advanced modulation formats in concert with highly efficient digital signal processing (DSP) to estimate and compensate various impairments. However, severe inter-symbol interference (ISI) caused by tight FTN pulse shaping will lead to intractable chromatic dispersion (CD) estimation problems, as existing conventional methods are completely ineffective or exhibit unaffordable comp

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Bobrovs, V., and G. Ivanovs. "Comparison of Different Modulation Formats and their Compatibility with WDM Transmission System." Latvian Journal of Physics and Technical Sciences 45, no. 2 (2008): 3–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10047-008-0005-7.

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Comparison of Different Modulation Formats and their Compatibility with WDM Transmission SystemIn the work, the intensity and phase modulation methods are compared for different versions of the wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) system. Binary and multilevel code formats are evaluated numerically, with OptSim simulation software at the bit rate of 10 and 40 Gbit/s, using long-fiber spans and dispersion compensation technique. The problems to be overcome at exploitation of multiterabit WDM systems based on 40 Gbit/s optical transmissions are: chromatic dispersion (CD), polarization-mode dis

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Alsevska, A., V. Dilendorfs, S. Spolitis, and Vj Bobrovs. "Comparison of Chromatic Dispersion Compensation Method Efficiency for 10 Gbit/S RZ-OOK and NRZ-OOK Wdm-Pon Transmission Systems." Latvian Journal of Physics and Technical Sciences 54, no. 6 (2017): 65–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/lpts-2017-0042.

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Abstract In the paper, the authors compare efficiency of two physical dispersion compensation methods for single channel and 8-channel WDM fibre-optical transmission systems using return-to-zero (RZ) and non-return-to-zero (NRZ) line codes for operation within optical C-band frequencies by means of computer simulations. As one of the most important destructive effects in fibre optical transmission systems (FOTS) is chromatic dispersion (CD), it is very important to reduce its negative effect on a transmitted signal. Dispersion compensation methods that were implemented in the research were dis

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Fàbrega, Josep Maria, Javier Vilchez, Moreolo Michela Svaluto, and Laia Nadal. "Experimental Analysis of 8-QAM Constellations for Adaptive Optical OFDM Systems." IEEE Photonics Technology Letters 28, no. 4 (2016): 445–48. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.46551.

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In this letter, we numerically and experimentally evaluate the influence of adopting different 8-QAM constellations. The performance of flexible/adaptive direct detection optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing transmission systems has been evaluated in the back-to-back configuration. Metro/regional network scenario is also considered using the four-node photonic mesh network of the ADRENALINE testbed. In general, different optical paths of the network ranging from 50 to 185 km are analyzed to asses the optimal 8-QAM format, which maximizes the system performance. In addition, singl

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García-Pérez, A., J. A. Andrade-Lucio, O. G. Ibarra-Manzano, E. Alvarado-Méndez, M. Trejo-Duran, and H. Gutiérrez-Martín. "Efficient Modulation Formats for High Bit-Rate Fiber Transmission." Acta Universitaria 16, no. 2 (2006): 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.15174/au.2006.184.

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The topic of this report will deal with the study of advanced modulation formats for highspeed optical communication systems. Basically, the use of alternate polarization modulation (alP) is considered in order to reduce the inter-symbol interference (ISI) caused mainly by effects such as Chromatic Dispersion (CD), Polarization Mode Dispersion (PMD) and Nonlinear effects. The comparative analysis among the different formats is carried out by means of the obtaining of its different spectrums. A detailed analysis of these and their dependency to the modulation format that generates it is present

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Puntsri, Kidsanapong. "Improvement of RF-Pilot Based Phase Noise Compensation in CO-OFDM Communication Systems." ECTI Transactions on Electrical Engineering, Electronics, and Communications 13, no. 2 (2015): 58–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.37936/ecti-eec.2015132.171033.

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This paper presents an improvement of random phase noise (RPN) compensation under chromatic dispersion (CD) by a modified two stages RF-pilot-based. The first stage is similar to the conventional RF-pilot-based method and the second stage is called the fine RPN compensation. The second stage is used for minimizing the random rotation phasor by employing a RF-pilot window. The performance of RPN mitigation is evaluated by a numerical simulation method. At the forward error correction (FEC) limit, a sum laser linewidth tolerance of ~3.1 MHz can be achieved for the 256-quadrature amplitude modula

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17

Wu, Xiong, Junwei Zhang, Alan Pak Tao Lau, and Chao Lu. "C-band 100-GBaud PS-PAM-4 transmission over 50-km SSMF enabled by FIR-filter-based pre-electronic dispersion compensation." Optics Express 31, no. 11 (2023): 17759. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.490050.

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Chromatic dispersion (CD) is always an obstacle to C-band high-speed intensity modulation and direct detection (IM/DD) transmissions, especially with a fiber reach of > 20 km. To reach beyond net-100-Gb/s IM/DD transmission over 50-km standard single mode fiber (SSMF), we for the first time present a CD-aware probabilistically shaped four-ary pulse amplitude modulation (PS-PAM-4) signal transmission scheme with a FIR-filter-based pre-electronic dispersion compensation (FIR-EDC) for C-band IM/DD transmission system. With the help of the FIR-EDC at the transmitter, 100-GBaud PS-PAM-4 signal t

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18

Saif, Waddah S., Amr M. Ragheb, Bernd Nebendahl, Tariq Alshawi, Mohamed Marey, and Saleh A. Alshebeili. "Machine Learning-Based Optical Performance Monitoring for Super-Channel Optical Networks." Photonics 9, no. 5 (2022): 299. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics9050299.

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In this paper, and for the first time in literature, optical performance monitoring (OPM) of super-channel optical networks is considered. In particular, we propose a novel machine learning OPM technique based on the use of transformed in-phase quadrature histogram (IQH) features and support vector regressor (SVR) to estimate different optical parameters such as optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) and chromatic dispersion (CD). Two transformation methods, the two-dimensional (2D) discrete Fourier transform (DFT) and 2D discrete cosine transform (DCT), are applied to the IQH to extract feature

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19

LI, XIAOJUN, AIJUN WEN, ZENGJI LIU, and TAO SHANG. "INFLUENCE OF EXTINCTION RATIO ON THE PERFORMANCE OF RZ-ODPASK MODULATION FORMAT." International Journal of Modern Physics B 23, no. 11 (2009): 2479–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979209052352.

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The influence of extinction ratio (ER) on the performance of 120 Gbps return-to-zero octal differential phase-amplitude-shift keying (RZ-ODPASK) modulation format in single-channel transmission is investigated. Based on the modulation and demodulation schemes, the structures of RZ-ODPASK transmitter and receiver are presented; and expressions for the output optical fields and electrical currents of amplitude and phase tributaries are analytically acquired. As ER is a tradeoff for good performance of the two tributaries, the optimal ER for back-to-back configuration is theoretically derived as

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Vyukusenge, Augustin. "DISPERSION COMPENSATION USING ELECTRONIC METHODS BROADCASTING SYSTEM." SYNCHROINFO JOURNAL 7, no. 1 (2021): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.36724/2664-066x-2021-7-1-33-38.

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System distortions due to chromatic dispersion (CD), polarization mode dispersion (PMD), laser phase noise and fiber nonlinearities have a significant impact on the performance of high-speed fiber optic networks. In connection with the need to improve the quality of information transmission in high-speed fiber-optic communication systems, coherent detection with a digital signal processing unit is of particular interest. The main goal of the DSP block is to reduce the impact of linear and nonlinear effects that degrade the quality of information transfer. In this direction, the use of adaptive

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Huang, Xiaoqian, Fei Xie, Du Tang, Shuangyue Liu, and Yaojun Qiao. "Low-complexity clustered polynomial nonlinear filter-based electrical dispersion pre-compensation scheme in IM/DD transmission systems." Optics Express 31, no. 20 (2023): 32529. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.500401.

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A polynomial nonlinear filter (PNLF)-based electrical dispersion pre-compensation (pre-EDC) scheme assisted with Gerchberg–Saxton (GS) algorithm is proposed to compensate the chromatic dispersion (CD) for intensity-modulation and direct-detection (IM/DD) optical transmission systems, where PNLF is utilized to fit the nonlinear transfer function of the iterative GS algorithm-based pre-EDC scheme to realize a low-complexity non-iterative CD pre-compensation. The capability of PNLF to fit the nonlinear iterative process enables the PNLF-based pre-EDC scheme to compensate for CD-induced linear dis

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Li, Zequan, Jiantao Liu, Changming Xia, Zhiyun Hou, and Guiyao Zhou. "Supermode Characteristics of Nested Multiple Hollow-Core Anti-Resonant Fibers." Photonics 9, no. 11 (2022): 816. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics9110816.

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Mode-division multiplexing (MDM) can achieve ultra-high data capacity in optical fiber communication. Several impressive works on multicore fiber (MCF), multi-mode fiber, and few-mode multicore fiber have made significant achievements in MDM. However, none of the previous works can simultaneously maintain the transmission loss, chromatic dispersion (CD), and differential group delay (DGD) at a relatively low level. A nested multiple hollow-core anti-resonant fiber (NMH-ARF) has significant potential for applications in MDM. This study proposes a novel NMH-ARF with its structural design based o

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Li, Zhengxuan, Zheng Xin, Siyu Luo, Acai Tan, and Bingyao Cao. "Modified Decision Feedback Equalizers for Nonlinearity Compensation in Coherent PAM4 Transmission System." Photonics 12, no. 3 (2025): 245. https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics12030245.

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To address chromatic dispersion (CD) and nonlinear impairments in coherent optical four-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM4) systems, we propose a magnitude-assisted decision feedback equalizer (MA-DFE). The proposed scheme utilizes signal amplitude information to construct the error function, which is robust to carrier phase noise. Therefore, no additional carrier phase recovery operation is required during digital signal processing (DSP). Under conditions without CD pre-compensation, MA-DFE achieves 80 Gb/s single-wavelength transmission over a 25 km standard single-mode fiber (SSMF) in t

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Saif, Waddah S., Amr M. Ragheb, Maged A. Esmail, Mohamed Marey, and Saleh A. Alshebeili. "Machine Learning Based Low-Cost Optical Performance Monitoring in Mode Division Multiplexed Optical Networks." Photonics 9, no. 2 (2022): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics9020073.

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Real-time optical performance monitoring (OPM) is of the utmost importance in adaptive optical networks to enable awareness of channel conditions and to achieve high quality of service. In single-mode fiber (SMF)-based networks, optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) and chromatic dispersion (CD) monitoring have been extensively studied in the literature. In this work, we consider OPM in few-mode fiber (FMF) networks employing non-coherent detection. OPM in such networks is a challenging task, as FMF has an additional performance-limiting impairment over SMF, namely mode coupling (MC). Here, we

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Shabir, Sehrish. "Comparison of RZ and NRZ Modulation Techniques by Varying Duty Cycle and Mach Zehnder Modulator." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 11 (2021): 1724–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.39050.

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Abstract: The aim of the research being undertaken is to examine the performance of advanced modulation formats such as RD and NRZ modulation schemes and their long-haul repeater-free fibre-traffic (SMF). Modular transmission of signals by SMF has been highly attracted by several benefits, such as high chromatic dispersion tolerance (CD), simplicity of deployment and higher spectrum efficiencies. These are the essential performance indicators of an optimal modulation technique for the creation of multiplexed (DWDM) transmission networks of the future generation of dense wavelengths. Based on a

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Julus, L. Jerart, D. Manimegalai, and S. Sibi Chakkaravarthy. "FBMC-based dispersion compensation using artificial neural network equalization for long reach-passive optical network." International Journal of Wavelets, Multiresolution and Information Processing 18, no. 01 (2019): 1941011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021969131941011x.

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This paper presents a Filter Bank Multicarrier (FBMC), a viable waveform candidate for fifth generation (5G) communications using Staggered-Modulated Multitone (SMT). FBMC is preferred in optical communication because of its ability to work without Cyclic Prefix (CP). In any case, the operation of FBMC in optical access systems with Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) has not been broadly explored either downstream or upstream. This work presents an advanced Nonlinear Feed-Forward Equalizer (NFFE) that makes use of multilayer ANN for dispersion compensation. ANN is trained to act as a filter wit

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Ali, Riyam Saadi, Ali Y. Fattah, and Mustafa D. Hassib. "The effects of optical fiber impairments on communication systems." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 28, no. 1 (2022): 241. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v28.i1.pp241-253.

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In this paper, the influence of physical layer impairments on fiber optic channels was evaluated using analytical modeling, and the findings were verified through simulation results. Light propagation inside standard single mode fiber (SSMF) is affected by both linear and nonlinear effects, which must be taken into account in order to develop an appropriate fiber channel model. The use of nonlinear fiber optics in the implementation of highcapacity optical networks is crucial. The "Optisystem 17.0" software package was used to simulate the suggested systems. It can be observed that increased i

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Ali, Riyam Saadi, Ali Y. Fattah, and Mustafa D. Hassib. "The effects of optical fiber impairments on communication systems." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 28, no. 1 (2022): 241–53. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v28.i1.pp241-253.

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In this paper, the influence of physical layer impairments on fiber optic channels was evaluated using analytical modeling, and the findings were verified through simulation results. Light propagation inside standard single mode fiber (SSMF) is affected by both linear and nonlinear effects, which must be taken into account in order to develop an appropriate fiber channel model. The use of nonlinear fiber optics in the implementation of highcapacity optical networks is crucial. The "Optisystem 17.0" software package was used to simulate the suggested systems. It can be observed that i

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Wang, Haoyi, Pablo Torres-Ferrera, Giuseppe Rizzelli, Roberto Mercinelli, Valter Ferrero та Roberto Gaudino. "200 Gbps/λ PON Downstream C-Band Direct-Detection Links with ≥29 dB Power Budget". Applied Sciences 12, № 7 (2022): 3538. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12073538.

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In this paper we present the simulative analysis of a 200 Gbps per wavelength (λ) 8-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM-8) downstream communication over up to 20 km single mode fiber (SMF) in C-band based on direct detection (DD) achieving at least a 29 dB link power budget in a PON environment. We use chromatic dispersion digital pre-compensation (CD-DPC) and a dual-arm in-phase and quadrature Mach–Zehnder modulator (IQ-MZM) at the optical line termination (OLT) side, while preserving DD in the optical network unit (ONU). Three receiver digital-signal-processing (DSP) options are analyzed a

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Ashwani, Sharma* Inder Singh &. Suman Bhattacharya. "PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF DISPERSION REPARATION USING DISPERSION COMPENSATION FIBER AT 100 GB/S FOR 120KM USING SINGLE MODE FIBER." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCES & RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY 7, no. 2 (2018): 421–30. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1173579.

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Since the data traffic is increasing day by day so there is a need of high capacity long distance optical links.As the data transmission increases over a long distance,signal gets deteriorated.This is because of the pulse widening known as dispersion and it should be compensated for better results.Different compensation techniques are available like FBG, EDC and DCF. Hence, in this paper we have used DCF as dispersion compensator at a bit rate of 100Gbps over a distance of 120km.ThreeDCF schemes i.e. pre,post and symmetric are proposed and investigated at different input power levels (1-10dBm)

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Nadal, Laia, Moreolo Michela Svaluto, Josep Maria Fàbrega, et al. "DMT Modulation with Adaptive Loading for High Bit Rate Transmission Over Directly Detected Optical Channels." Journal of Lightwave Technology 32, no. 21 (2014): 3541–51. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.55196.

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In this paper, we present the design and analysis of an adaptive cost-effective discrete multitone transponder (DMT) using direct detection (DD) suitable for data center interconnections. Levin Campello margin adaptive (LC-MA) algorithm is applied to the transponder digital signal processing modules to enhance fiber chromatic dispersion (CD) resilience, while achieving high-data rate transmission. The bit error rate (BER) performance and the rate/distance adaptive capabilities of the proposed transponder have been numerically analyzed and compared to bandwidth variable uniform loading, taking

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Maggio, Gabriel N., Mario R. Hueda, and Oscar E. Agazzi. "Maximum Likelihood Sequence Detection Receivers for Nonlinear Optical Channels." Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/736267.

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The space-time whitened matched filter (ST-WMF) maximum likelihood sequence detection (MLSD) architecture has been recently proposed (Maggio et al., 2014). Its objective is reducing implementation complexity in transmissions over nonlinear dispersive channels. The ST-WMF-MLSD receiver (i) drastically reduces the number of states of the Viterbi decoder (VD) and (ii) offers a smooth trade-off between performance and complexity. In this work the ST-WMF-MLSD receiver is investigated in detail. We show that thespace compressionof the nonlinear channel is an instrumental property of the ST-WMF-MLSD

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Ashwani, Sharma1 &*2 Inder Singh3 &. Suman Bhattacharya4. "PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF DISPERSION COMPENSATION USING IDEAL FIBER BRAGG GRATING IN A 100 GB/S SINGLE CHANNEL OPTICAL SYSTEM." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCES & RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY 7, no. 2 (2018): 513–23. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1174551.

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In case of long distance communication, high bit rate and large bandwidth are always the primary requirements. The major limiting factor i.e. Attenuation can be reduced by using optical amplifier. But still one more limiting factor is there, which is known as Dispersion, which degrades the quality of optical communication. Hence,in this present investigation, Fiber-optic scattering or Dispersion and its impact on optical transmission are inspected. The most frequently utilized,Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) method is examined in this article. Three techniques (pre-compensation, post-compensation an

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Juarez, Adrian A., Yanjun Zhu, Xin Chen, and Ming-Jun Li. "Design Considerations for 1.6 Tbit/s Data Center Interconnects: Evaluating IM/DD and Coherent Transmission over O-Band Transmission Window." Photonics 11, no. 12 (2024): 1179. https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics11121179.

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As data center interconnects surge towards a 1.6 Tbit/s data rate, achieving cost-effective and technically viable solutions present challenges. Intensity-modulation and direct-detection (IM/DD) transmission over O-Band using standard single-mode fiber has emerged as a promising low-cost option. However, understanding the limitations imposed by factors like chromatic dispersion (CD) and fiber non-linearity (FWM) is crucial, particularly in different scenarios, such as operating at 8 × 100 GBaud PAM4 in an LWDM-8 configuration. In this paper, we adopt a statistical approach to assess outage pro

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Chen, Xin, Nikolay Ledentsov, Abdullah S. Karar, et al. "Characterization of Chirp Properties of an 850 nm Single-Mode Multi-Aperture Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser and Analysis of Transmission Performance over Multimode and Single-Mode Fibers." Photonics 12, no. 7 (2025): 703. https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics12070703.

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By measuring the transfer function of the single-mode multi-aperture vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (SM MA VCSEL) transmitting over a long single-mode fiber at 850 nm, we confirm that the chirp of the SM MA VCSEL under study is dominated by transient chirp with an alpha value of −3.81 enabling a 19 GHz bandwidth over 10 km of single-mode fiber. The detailed measurement of the VCSEL with different bias currents also allows us to recover other key characteristics of the VCSEL, thereby enabling us to practically construct the optical eye diagrams that closely match the experimentally meas

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You, Jialin, Tao Yang, Yuchen Zhang, and Xue Chen. "Enhanced Carrier Phase Recovery Using Dual Pilot Tones in Faster-than-Nyquist Optical Transmission Systems." Photonics 11, no. 11 (2024): 1048. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics11111048.

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Compared with high spectrum efficiency faster-than-Nyquist (FTN) backbone network, an enhanced carrier phase recovery based on dual pilot tones is more sensitive to capital cost in FTN metropolitan areas as well as inter-datacenter optical networks. The use of distributed feedback (DFB) lasers is a way to effectively reduce the cost. However, under high symbol rate FTN systems, equalization-enhanced phase noise (EEPN) induced by a DFB laser with large linewidth will significantly deteriorate the system performance. What is worse, in FTN systems, tight filtering introduces inter-symbol interfer

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Weng, Yi, Junyi Wang, and Zhongqi Pan. "Recent Advances in DSP Techniques for Mode Division Multiplexing Optical Networks with MIMO Equalization: A Review." Applied Sciences 9, no. 6 (2019): 1178. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9061178.

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This paper provides a technical review regarding the latest progress on multi-input multi-output (MIMO) digital signal processing (DSP) equalization techniques for high-capacity fiber-optic communication networks. Space division multiplexing (SDM) technology was initially developed to improve the demanding capacity of optic-interconnect links through mode-division multiplexing (MDM) using few-mode fibers (FMF), or core-multiplexing exploiting multicore fibers (MCF). Primarily, adaptive MIMO filtering techniques were proposed to de-multiplex the signals upon different modes or cores, and to dyn

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Esmail, Maged Abdullah. "Performance Monitoring of Hybrid All-Optical Fiber/FSO Communication Systems." Applied Sciences 13, no. 14 (2023): 8477. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13148477.

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The demand for network capacity has increased due to the introduction of new digital applications and services, which rely heavily on optical communication networks. While fiber networks serve as the optical networks’ backbone, deploying fiber in certain scenarios is not feasible, making it necessary to use other technologies conjointly. A hybrid all-optical fiber/free space optic (FSO) link is proposed to avoid such a challenge. The all-optical system avoids using electronics that have limited bandwidth. Hence, it supports high-capacity communication. However, the all-optical system comes wit

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Gao, Xiang, Yuancheng Cai, Bo Xu, Xiaoling Zhang, and Kun Qiu. "Multi-Twin-SSB Modulation with Direct Detection Based on Kramers–Kronig Scheme for Long-Reach PON Downstream." Applied Sciences 9, no. 4 (2019): 748. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9040748.

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As the demand for high data volumes keeps increasing in optical access networks, transmission capacities and distance are becoming bottlenecks for passive optical networks (PONs). To solve this problem, a novel scheme based on multi-twin single sideband (SSB) modulation with direct detection is proposed and investigated in this paper. At the central office, two SSB signals are generated simultaneously with the same digital-to-analog converters (DACs). The twin-SSB signal is not only robust against frequency selected power fading introduced by chromatic dispersion (CD), but also improves the sp

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Liang, Shuai, Ming Hao, Ruyue Xiao, et al. "Modulation Format Identification Utilizing Polar-Coordinate-System-Based Features for Digital Coherent Receivers." Photonics 12, no. 3 (2025): 190. https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics12030190.

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Modulation format identification (MFI) is one of the most critical functions embedded in digital coherent receivers in elastic optical networks (EONs). In view of inherent amplitude and phase characteristics of received signals, different modulation formats exhibit a set of notable features in the polar coordinate system, based on which an MFI scheme incorporating the Gaussian weighted k-nearest neighbors (KNN) algorithm was proposed to identify polarization division multiplexed (PDM)-QPSK/-16QAM/-32QAM/-64QAM/-128QAM signals. The performance of the proposed scheme was numerically verified in

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Delgado Mendinueta, José, Werner Klaus, Jun Sakaguchi, et al. "Numerical Investigation of the Equalization Enhanced Phase Noise Penalty for M-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation Formats in Short-Haul Few-Mode Fiber Transmission Systems with Time-Domain Equalization." Applied Sciences 8, no. 11 (2018): 2182. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app8112182.

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The equalization enhanced phase noise (EEPN), caused by the interaction of the chromatic dispersion (CD) with the phase noise of the local oscillator (LO), has been extensively studied for single-mode optical communication systems. Few-mode fiber (FMF) transmission systems introduce a new channel impairment, the differential mode delay (DMD), which also creates EEPN and hence limits the maximum transmission distance of those systems. In this work, we numerically investigate the optical signal to noise ratio (OSNR) penalties caused by the EEPN in a 3-mode FMF transmission system at 25 GBd for q

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Boiko, J., O. Eromenko, and I. Pyatin. "EVALUATION OF FREQUENCY-PHASE DISTORTIONS IN OPTICAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS USING OFDM." Information and communication technologies, electronic engineering 4, no. 2 (2024): 130–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/ictee2024.02.130.

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The article proposes a method for monitoring the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR), and also discusses the results of assessing the sensitivity of optical-OFDM systems to phase-frequency distortions. The results of a study of the noise immunity of an optical-OFDM system for frequency shift relative to the spacing of optical subcarriers are presented. A description of the factors causing interference and frequency-phase distortions caused by chromatic dispersion (CD) and polarization mode dispersion (PMD) on the performance of optical multiplexing systems with orthogonal frequency division is

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Lucki, M. "Negative Chromatic Dispersion Generated by Introducing Curvature into Photonic Crystal Fiber." Acta Polytechnica 47, no. 4-5 (2007). http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/964.

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This is a modeling work, which aims to show that negative chromatic dispersion (CD) may be obtained in a PCF by fiber bending. Results from the study of negative dispersion could be employed in a new dispersion compensating technique. The proposed method does not require doping in the core, and does not require external cores. The minimum negative dispersion achieved by this method was -185000 ps/nm/km. Problems of bending losses and sensitivity of the dispersion with respect to deviations of geometry were studied.

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"Estimation of Chromatic Dispertion with FR. FT in Optical Cable." International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering 9, no. 2S3 (2019): 248–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijitee.b1063.1292s319.

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The Telecom operators are in a great pressure to accommodate their optical back bone to migrate to new mobile generation. One of the most impact parameter to restrict the propagating distance is the Chromatic Dispersion. So in order to avoid the effect estimate the cause .With these lines, in our paper we have introduced a novel technique to estimate CD using FrFT in the optical fiber cable [2]. The technique involves in the scanning the chirping order for determining the CD. In this method cumulative CD in the optical media can be estimated shall be less than 80 ps/nm/km and total CD less tha

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Ozisik, Muslum, Aydin Secer, and Mustafa Bayram. "Optical soliton solutions of the third-order nonlinear Schrödinger equation in the absence of chromatic dispersion." Modern Physics Letters B, July 20, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984924504724.

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This research paper is dedicated to the investigation of the optical soliton solutions with the power law of self-phase modulation (SPM) and the third-order dispersion (TOD), completely neglecting the chromatic dispersion (CD). The aim is focused on two main points. First, obtaining the straddled soliton solution which permits us to have bright and singular soliton by applying the new Kudryashov (nKM) scheme which was recently introduced as a simple, effective, and reliable method. Second, to observe the influences of the TOD, SPM, and inter-modal dispersion (IMD) on pure-cubic optical soliton

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Baig, Mirza Imran, and Ahmed M. Nahhas. "Lengthwise Measurement of Chromatic Dispersion along an Optical Fiber Transmission Link with Enhanced Correction Factor." Journal of Optical Communications 36, no. 4 (2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/joc-2014-0084.

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AbstractIn recent years optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR)-based techniques have become a known practice for measuring chromatic dispersion (CD) distribution along an optical fiber transmission link. In this paper, a measurement technique which uses a four-wavelength bidirectional OTDR to evaluate the CD distribution along the length of an optical fiber transmission system has been presented. A novel formulation has been developed for this nondestructive technique to improve the correction factor, which leads to an improvement in the CD and mode field diameter (MFD) measurement. The obta

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Rai, Palash, and Rahul Kaushik. "Artificial intelligence based optical performance monitoring." Journal of Optical Communications, July 28, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/joc-2021-0094.

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Abstract In this paper, a technique for optical performance monitoring (OPM) using deep learning-based artificial neural network (ANN) is implemented. ANN is trained with parameters derived from eye-diagram for the identification of optical signal to noise ratio (OSNR), chromatic dispersion (CD) and polarisation mode dispersion (PMD) simultaneously and independently in a 10 Gb/s system with non-return-to-zero (NRZ) on-off keying (OOK) data signal. ANN-based OPM confirms that the proposed approach can provide reliable estimated results. The mean squared errors for OSNR, CD and differential grou

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Chou, Dean, Aamna Amer, Hamood Ur Rehman, and Ming-Lung Li. "Unravelling quiescent optical solitons: An exploration of the complex Ginzburg–Landau equation with nonlinear chromatic dispersion and self-phase modulation." Nonlinear Engineering 14, no. 1 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1515/nleng-2024-0043.

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Abstract In this investigation, we delve into the recovery of quiescent optical solitons amidst the onset of nonlinear chromatic dispersion (CD), employing the complex Ginzburg–Landau equation. Quiescent optical solitons, self-sustaining, locally distributed wave packets, uphold their shape and amplitude over extensive distances through a delicate equilibrium of nonlinearity and dispersion. Our scrutiny extends to four distinct forms of self-phase modulation structures, wherein we adopt the ( 1 ϑ ( ζ ) , ϑ ′ ( ζ ) ϑ ( ζ ) ) \left(\frac{1}{{\vartheta }\left(\zeta )},\frac{{{\vartheta }}^{^{\pri

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Iqbal, Muhammad, Salman Ghafoor, Arsalan Ahmad, et al. "Symbol error rate minimization using deep learning approaches for short-reach optical communication networks." Frontiers in Physics 12 (April 29, 2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphy.2024.1387284.

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Short-reach optical communication networks have various applications in areas where high-speed connectivity is needed, for example, inter- and intra-data center links, optical access networks, and indoor and in-building communication systems. Machine learning (ML) approaches provide a key solution for numerous challenging situations due to their robust decision-making, problem-solving, and pattern-recognition abilities. In this work, our focus is on utilizing deep learning models to minimize symbol error rates in short-reach optical communication setups. Various channel impairments, such as no

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Kherici, Cheikh, and Malika Kandouci. "Coherent optical-OFDM system’s contribution to the management of chromatic and polarization mode dispersion using DSP." Journal of Optical Communications, August 29, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/joc-2024-0136.

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Abstract The CO-OFDM system plays a critical role in managing the effects of polarization mode dispersion (PMD) in optical communications, providing opportunities to optimize performance, durability and polarization state capability. DSP digital compensation is crucial to maintain signal quality, reducing error vector magnitude (EVM) and binary error rate (BER). DSP optimizes transmission, adapts to changing conditions, compensates for chromatic dispersion (CD) and PMD without physical intervention, reducing costs and extending network reach. Using modulations such as 16-QAM and 4-QPSK at 100

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