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Academic literature on the topic 'Chromatographie liquide à haute performance couplée à la masse (LC-MS)'
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Journal articles on the topic "Chromatographie liquide à haute performance couplée à la masse (LC-MS)"
Bazus, Léa, Nicolas Cimetiere, Laurent Legentil, Guy Randon, and Dominique Wolbert. "Recherche de dérivés conjugués de médicaments dans l’eau de surface et en cours de potabilisation." Revue des sciences de l’eau 28, no. 1 (April 21, 2015): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1030003ar.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Chromatographie liquide à haute performance couplée à la masse (LC-MS)"
Pouech, Charlene. "Développement de méthodologies analytiques pour l'étude de la migration depuis des contenants en matière plastique prévus pour des applications pharmaceutiques vers des solutions aqueuses et des fluides biologiques." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO10118.
Full textAmeline, Alice. "Aspects analytiques, cliniques et médico-judiciaires des nouvelles substances psychoactives." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAJ018/document.
Full textDue to the uncontrolled spread on the Internet and their legal alternative to usual drugs, the new psychoactive substances (NPS), recently appeared (2008), are at the center of recent phenomena of addiction and badly explained deaths. Beyond different challenges in our societies (prevention, legislation), the ability to identify NPS in biological samples, in order to characterize their use, presents many analytical challenges. The main objective of this thesis was to collect biological samples (blood, urine, hair) from cases of exposure to NPS and to characterize the substances present using original analytical methods, in order to enlarge the libraries of mass spectra and improve, as a result, the detection of NPS consumption. In particular, it was intended to increase the detection sensitivity of NPS intake by focusing on the metabolites that are often the major products of elimination. This analytical development, by ultra-high liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS), required several months of optimization in order to obtain a robust, exhaustive and sensitive method. At present, the mass spectra database has 114 NPS and is regularly updated. Thereafter, ma thesis focused on the study of cases of intoxication observed in the emergency department of Strasbourg, but also in legal medicine with situations of deaths and identification of unknown products collected from seizures (powders and crystals). It has also been necessary to implement complementary analytical tools, such as the characterization of metabolites by human liver microsomes (HLMs), and the use of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to accurately identify the compounds and establish their purity degrees. The analytical tools developed, and the strategy adopted, allowed the writing of 18 publications, as well as the setting up of numerous collaborations
Far, Johann. "Contribution à la caractérisation du sélénométabolome de levures enrichies en sélénium de la chromatographie liquide multidimensionnelle et la spectrométrie de masse ICP MS (Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry), ICP MS multicollecteur et électrospray MS/MS." Pau, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PAUU3004.
Full textSelenium-rich yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) is the most popular form of supplemented selenium because of its putative anticancer properties. This thesis offers a contribution to the characterization of selenometabolome (the entirety of the low molecular weight selenium-containing metabolites) owing to the development of multidimensional liquid chromatography with parallel detection by ICP MS and electrospray high-resolution MSn. The developed methods permitted to obtain a selenometabolome’s fingerprint including the identity of over 50 selenium metabolites, the most exhaustive list so far, and to obtain a deeper insight into the Se metabolic pathways in yeast. Besides, isotopic signatures obtained by multicollector ICP MS associated with the selenometabolome fingerprint allowed the discrimination of Se-rich yeast samples according to their origin
Giusti, Pierre. "Développement de l’interface entre la chromatographie liquide à nano-débits (nanoHPLC) et le spectromètre de masse à source d’ionisation par plasma à couplage inductif (ICP MS)." Pau, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PAUU3052.
Full textAs a result of millions of years of evolution, biomolecules and biological complexes have incorporated heteroelements or metals in their chemical structure. Their presence can be essential to the functioning of fundamental biochemical processes or alternatively their absence can be responsible for causing illnesses and dysfunctions. The molecular structure of these biomolecules is often very complex and their characterization has progressed substantially with the development of NMR, MALDI and electrospray techniques. Nevertheless, these techniques show limitations for the analysis of minor compounds, which are often the target hetero- or metallo- containing molecules, key to the biochemical role under investigation. The researches presented here aim at identifying and quantifying these biomolecules through the heteroatom or metal present in the structure. In addition to the large number of molecules that biological sample can contain, the sample volume is often limited to the microlitre range. The use of miniaturized separation techniques, such as nanoHPLC systems was therefore required. The instrumental development of a patented nanoHPLC - ICP MS interface, principal objective of this thesis, has enabled a series of advances in the identification and quantification of the heteroatoms contained in the targeted biomolecules. The parallel coupling using a molecular mass spectrometer was then used to determine the biomolecule structure
Boireau-Adamezyk, Elise. "Spectroscopies vibrationnelles (MCR et ATR-FTIR) et Chromatographie Liquide couplée à la Spectrométrie de Masse Haute Résolution (LC-HR-MS) : Outils d’investigation in vivo de l’impact du vieillissement cutané sur le Stratum Corneum aux niveaux tissulaire, supra-moléculaire et moléculaire." Thesis, Paris 11, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA112070/document.
Full textSkin is the external surface defining the human body in space. Its outer-most layer is a thin biological membrane, called Stratum Corneum(SC), that protects the internal organs from desiccation as well as chemical or mechanical external aggressions. The present thesis aimsin a first step, to summarize the current knowledge regarding the effects of intrinsic and extrinsic aging on SCphysiology,based on available literature. The experimental part addresses the gaps in our understanding of the effects of chronological aging and photoaging on the SC barrier function and hydration, using traditional methods (such as trans epidermal water loss and skin conductance) as well as more advanced ones (vibrational spectroscopies, liquid chromatography in normal phase tandem mass spectrometry high resolution with an APCI source and an Orbitrap detector. As these methods are non-invasive, all studies have been carried out in vivo. The evolution of the barrier function has been studied at the tissular, molecular and supramolecular levels using confocal Raman micro-spectroscopy and infrared spectroscopy. Then the link between the intrinsic aging and the ceramides of the intercorneocytary lipid matrix has been studied by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. The discriminant molecules between young and old population have been identified by a chemometric analysis. The evolution of cutaneous hydration at the tissular, molecular and supramolecular level has also been investigated. The variations in the NMF composition and the SC water content have been studied by Raman spectral descriptors. Moreover, the structural variations of water molecules impacting the supramolecular organization of the lipid structures have been evaluated. Chronological aging and chronic exposure to environmental factors mildly affect SC barrier function and hydration levels. However, the processes controlling these properties are affected by aging in a site-dependent fashion
Lacroix, Marlène. "Optimisation d'une méthode de dosage de neurotransmetteurs par le couplage LC/Fluo/MS : études théoriques du marquage au NDA par spectrométrie de masse haute résolution, modélisation moléculaire et étude quantitative de relations structure-temps de rétention (3D-QSRR)." Toulouse 3, 2007. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/47/.
Full textSome amino acids and peptides are neurotransmitters involved in neurological diseases. As they are very low concentration in biological samples, HPLC coupled with a fluorescence detector and a mass spectrometer is performed for the identification and the quantification of these molecules. As amino acids are not fluorescent natively, they are labelled with a fluorogenic dye: the naphthalene-2,3-dicarboxaldehyde (NDA) and a nucleophile (CN-). The labelling for the peptides (enkephalins) is slightly modified in order to facilitate the ionisation in positive mode in mass spectrometry: the nucleophile CN- is substituted by an aminothiol easily ionisable, the N,N-dimethylaminoethanethiol (MeAT). Some theoretical studies are investigated in molecular modelling, high resolution mass spectrometry and H/D exchange studies in order to explain the results obtained on each labelling
Chipeaux, Caroline. "Recherche et validation de biomarqueurs lipidiques du globule rouge par chromatographie en phase liquide couplée à la spectrométrie de masse. Application au diagnostic et au suivi thérapeutique de la maladie de Gaucher." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS419.
Full textIn humans, hereditary disorders of lipid metabolism are due to enzyme deficiencies, resulting in intracellular accumulation of lipid substrates. This results in a wide range of symptoms such as visceral, bone and in some cases neurological disorders. Furthermore, many patients suffering such diseases have hematologic and vascular symptoms attributed to red blood cell (RBC) rheological abnormalities. These observations led to a hypothesis linking RBC abnormal properties to its lipid composition. However, the lipid profile of normal RBC remains unknown to date. Early diagnosis of these conditions is of importance notably when a therapy is available. This is the case for Gaucher disease (GD) type 1, a lysosomal disorder characterized by β-glucocerebrosidase deficiency, where an enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) is proposed. Hence, the availability of a simple and rapid tool of diagnosis of such a disorder is of great importance, notably for a better patient care and monitoring.To the best of our knowledge, standard diagnosis procedures and monitoring of GD patients are still based on the tedious evaluation of enzyme deficiency. Nevertheless, recent works suggest that these rheological disorders may be due to the accumulation of four sphingolipids, glucosylceramide, glucosylsphingosine, sphingosine and sphingosine-1-phosphate, which could be considered as relevant biomarkers. However, most of current determination methods of these sphingolipids require at least two liquid chromatographic runs, each with a time-consuming sample preparation step that does not facilitate a lipidomic approach. In addition, only glucosylceramide was quantified in RBC while the other three sphingolipids were quantified only in plasma. Thus, these biomarker candidates remain to be validated.In this PhD, we describe a simple and rapid UHPLC-MS/MS method of simultaneous determination of the 4 sphingolipids involved in GD in both plasma and RBC. The application of this method to RBC from GD patients, in collaboration with the Institut National de Transfusion Sanguine and Shire (USA), allowed us: 1- to validate one biomarker among the four proposed candidates and to show that the other three candidates are not specific; 2- to check the efficiency of the proposed ERT and 3- to confirm the initial hypothesis linking the RBC rheological abnormalities to its lipid composition.Also, a systematic study of the operating conditions allowed us to generalize the proposed method to the determination of not only all the sphingolipids present in RBC but also all phospholipids, which are the major constituents of its membrane. The application of the later method to the simultaneous quantification of thirty sphingolipids and phospholipids in normal and GD RBCs, allowed us to validate it and to unravel the involvement of other candidate biomarkers of GD, different from the 4 previous sphingolipids. Providing appropriate modifications, this method is intended to be used for the profiling of all lipid classes in plasma and RBC. This is our main objective in the medium-term.Finally, we evaluated other modern MS techniques such as high resolution (HRMS) and ion mobility (TWIMS and DIMS) in order to refine the investigation of new biomarker candidates, including the separation of lipid isomers that cannot be discriminated by conventional MS techniques. Indeed, in collaboration with the Laboratoire de Chimie Physique (LCP, CNRS UMR 8000), we here show the feasibility of this approach by achieving the separation of two isomers, by the DIMS technique: galactosylsphingosine 18:1 and glucosylsphingosine 18:1, which cannot be separated by conventional methods. We are currently pursuing these investigations in order to separate other isomers
Richeval, Camille. "Développement d’outils analytiques de mise en évidence de biomarqueurs d’une exposition aux nouvelles substances psychoactives (NPS) : approches in vivo, in silico, in vitro." Thesis, Lille 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL2S024/document.
Full textOwing to wild e-commerce diffusion, alleging safety and legal alternative to usual drugs of abuse arguments, the new psychoactive substances (NPS) are emerging phenomenon in the world. In our societies, through various consecutive challenges (legislation, prevention, …), the ability to identify NPS in biological samples exhibits numerous analytical pitfalls: new substances which are not referenced in the usual commercial mass spectrometric libraries, unknown metabolism (with sometimes active metabolites), sometimes very low active dosages and consecutively low concentrations in blood or urine. In this context, clinical and forensic toxicological analyses in biological samples are routinely performed in our laboratory using two main analytical devices: liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for targeted screening and liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) for non-targeted screening. This last technique is based on the accurate mass (together with isotopic pattern and retention time) of sample components, from which the chemical formula is calculated and searched against a database of mass spectra using dedicated software. The aim of my thesis is to characterize NPS and metabolites (in order to increase the spectral database) using a strategy combining in vitro, in silico, and in vivo approaches. Therefore, the main goal is to increase the detection sensitivity of the NPS use by focusing on the metabolites that are most often the major products of NPS elimination. For this purpose, an in vitro method designed to produce NPS metabolites using human liver microsomes incubations was applied. Obtained metabolites, after confrontation with metabolites in silico predicted, were saved in database. This approach was subsequently confronted with analysis of tablets or other non-biological product containing NPS, but also, with in vivo observed data from NPS exposure: intoxication cases, experimental studies and prospective and retrospective epidemiological studies in targeted population or not … All in all, this work based on this in vitro, in silico and in vivo strategy allowed me to enhance our high resolution spectra database (HRMS) for non-targeted screening and also our spectra database for targeted screening (MS/MS). Today, our HRMS device, with a database that was increased with 83 new NPS and 281 metabolites for the duration of my thesis, is an efficient analytical tool for NPS use detection
Holste, Angela Sarah. "Développement des méthodes bio analytique pour l’analyse quantitative et qualitative des peptides et protéines marqués par le couplage de la chromatographie et la spectrométrie de masse." Thesis, Pau, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PAUU3004/document.
Full textThis PhD thesis was a Cotutelle between the Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour (UPPA) in Pau, France and the Christian-Albrechts University (CAU) in Kiel, Germany. In the course of this international collaboration, bio-analytical methods for the quantitative and qualitative analysis of labelled peptides and proteins were developed, which were based on the hyphenation of chromatography with mass spectrometry. Peptides and protein digests were lanthanide labelled using DOTA-based compounds according to an optimised protocol. Separation on the peptide level was performed using IP-RP-nanoHPLC. Complementary data sets were acquired using MALDI-MS for identification and ICP-MS for quantification. In this context, an online precleaning step was developed and implemented in the nanoHPLC separation routine, which allowed for effective removal of excess reagents. This lead to lowered metal backgrounds during ICP-MS measurements and thus better data interpretability, while guarding peptide recovery at a maximum level. An alternative offline purification using solid phase extraction (SPE) resulted in important peptide losses and can be considered unsuitable for quantitative analysis. Additives to the nanoHPLC eluents, such as HFBA and EDTA were tested and not deemed beneficial for the analysis of normal peptide samples. HFBA can be reconsidered for special application on very hydrophilic peptide species. A set of labelled peptides was developed, which due to application of known quantities could be employed for quick and simple quantification of a low complexity digest sample. In addition this peptide set allowed for the reliable superposition of chromatograms, enabling sample comparability especially for complementary ICP-MS and MALDI-MS data. Experiments for application of fsLA-ICP-MS on MALDI-MS target plates were conducted and showed very promising results. For this purpose, samples that were already identified using MALDI-MS were supposed to be remeasured using fsLA-ICP-MS. First quantification attempts on the modified steel target plate were successful and in the range of expectance. Adjusted parameters for MALDI-MS allowed for proper peptide identifications
Sanon, Samantha Herntz. "Étude sur l'utilisation de liquides ioniques à base imidazolium pour l'extraction sélective de phosphopeptides." Thèse, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/10248.
Full textProtein phosphorylation is one of the most important post-translational modifications because it is involved in multiple physiological processes such as growth, differentiation, apoptosis, etc. Despite its importance, the analysis of phosphoproteins remains a difficult task due to their dynamic nature (phosphorylation of proteins is a reversible process) and their low abundance. Indeed, the determination of phosphorylation sites is difficult because phosphopeptides are often difficult to detect by conventional chromatographic analysis and by mass spectrometric (MS) methods. Recent studies have shown that the existing methods of enrichment of phosphopeptides are not complete, and the total number of phosphopeptides detected does not overlap completely with those detected by these methods. The gaps in existing enrichment methods need to be filled in order to have more complete phosphoproteomic analyses. In the current study, ionic liquids (IL), specifically imidazolium salts, have been used in an alternative enrichment technique with potential for selective extraction of phosphopeptides from solution. Imidazolium salts were chosen because their physicochemical properties are readily adjustable depending on the nature of the substituent attached to the imidazolium core and the counter-anion. Monoimidazolium and bis-imidazolium salts with linear chains having respectively 4, 12, and 16 carbon atoms and with different anions were synthesized and used to carry out liquid-liquid and solid-liquid extractions of a phosphorylated peptide from a solution. At first, liquid-liquid extractions were carried out using an ionic liquid (IL) with a linear chain of 4 carbon atoms. These extractions performed with bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) amide 3-butyl-1-methylimidazolium (BMIM-NTf2) and hexafluorophosphate 3-butyl-1-methylimidazolium (BMIM-PF6) did not show a considerable extraction of PPS comparatively to the PN. Secondly, solid-liquid extractions were done by first functionalizing solid-phase particles with the imidazolium salts. The extractions were carried out using the phosphopentapeptide Ac-pTyr-Ile-Gly-Glu-Phe-NH2 (PPS) and its acidic non-phosphorylated analogues. It has been shown that the C12 chain imidazolium salts were better to extract PPS than the other two peptides PN (Ac-Ile-Tyr-Gly-Glu-Phe-NH2) and PE (Ac-Glu-Tyr-Gly-Glu-Phe-NH2). The extraction efficiency of these peptides was estimated by capillary electrophoresis (CE) and high performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS).