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Journal articles on the topic 'Chromium Exposure'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Choe, Yeong-Ju, Kyoung-Jin Lee та Hae-Jin Hwang. "Cr Poisoning On Nd2Ni0.95Cu0.05O4+δ Cathode for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells". Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 61, № 2 (2016): 629–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amm-2016-0107.

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Abstract In this study, Nd2Ni1-xCuxO4+δ (x=0, 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2) layered perovskite powders were synthesized by the glycine nitrate process (GNP) and the chromium poisoning effect on the electrochemical performance of the Nd2Ni0.95Cu0.05O4+δ and La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δ cathodes were investigated. In the case of the LSCF cathode, the strontium chromite phase formed after the exposure of the gaseous chromium species, while there was no additional phase in the Nd2Ni0.95Cu0.05O4+δ cathode. The area specific resistance (ASR) of the Nd2Ni0.95Cu0.05O4+δ cathode did not change significantly after th

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2

Gao, M., L. S. Levy, R. A. Braithwaite, and S. S. Brown. "Monitoring of Total Chromium in Rat Fluids and Lymphocytes Following Intratracheal Administration of Soluble Trivalent or Hexavalent Chromium Compounds." Human & Experimental Toxicology 12, no. 5 (1993): 377–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096032719301200506.

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1 Intratracheal instillation of sodium dichromate (CrVI) and chromium acetate hydroxide (CrIII) to male Wistar rats gave rise to increased chromium concentrations in whole blood, plasma and urine up to 72 h post exposure; peak concentrations were reached at 6 h after exposure. 2 The ratio of whole blood chromium to plasma chromium concentrations was significantly different for Cr(VI) and CR(III) treatments. Both blood chromium and plasma chromium assays should therefore be used for the assessment of chromium exposure. 3 Chromium was also detected in peripheral lymphocytes. Cr(VI), but not Cr(l

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3

Islam, Fahrul, and Budi Hatono. "Paparan kromium dan kerusakan ginjal pada pekerja pelapisan logam." Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat 32, no. 8 (2018): 257. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/bkm.12130.

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Chromium exposure and the kidney damage risk among electroplating workersPurposeThis study was carried out to investigate the kidney damage risk due to chromium exposure at the workplace.Method33 electroplating workers and 33 control subjects with no history of occupational exposure to chromium in Makassar were involved. Chromium levels in urine were measured with atomic absorption spectrometry. ResultsUrine from exposed workers contained higher levels of chromium, when compared with those obtained in the control group. Furthermore, there was a direct relationship was obtained between the amou

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Decharat, Somsiri. "Chromium Exposure and Hygienic Behaviors in Printing Workers in Southern Thailand." Journal of Toxicology 2015 (2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/607435.

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Objectives.The main objective of this study was to assess the chromium exposure levels in printing workers. The study evaluated the airborne, serum, and urinary chromium levels and determines any correlation between level of chromium in specimen and airborne chromium levels.Material and Methods.A cross-sectional study was conducted with 75 exposed and 75 matched nonexposed subjects. Air breathing zone was measured by furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Serum and urine samples were collected to determine chromium levels by graphite furnaces atomic absorption spectrometer chromium analy

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Majid, Shahi, Asghar Farshad Ali, Bakand Shahnaz, and Eshaghzadeh Fereshteh. "Correlation of Chromium (VI) Concentration in Workers Breathing Zones and Total Chromium in Urine Samples of Electroplating Workers." Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health 12, no. 03 (2022): 152–58. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8227884.

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The aim of this research was to investigate the correlation between chromium (VI) concentration in the breathing zone of workers and total chromium in urine specimens as a biomarker of exposure in chromium electroplating workers. In chromium plating, different airborne concentrations of chromium (VI) can be released into the breathing zone of workers. For measurement of chromium (VI) concentration 69 air samples were collected by filtration technique and collected samples were analyzed using NIOSH method 7600. Air sampling from breathing zones was conducted by personal sampling method and furt

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6

Mehta, Maharshi. "74 Leveraging on exposure profiles for efficient exposure monitoring outcome." Annals of Work Exposures and Health 68, Supplement_1 (2024): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/annweh/wxae035.030.

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Abstract Occupational hygiene service providers and companies worldwide have been collecting thousands of exposure monitoring samples and not leveraging the lessons learned from exposure monitoring results. The exposure monitoring results are often not representative of actual exposures. Precious resources are wasted in collecting exposure monitoring samples when not needed based on, for example, previous exposure monitoring results and chemical properties. For example, inhalation of phosphoric acid exposure is rarely a concern as phosphoric acid vapor pressure is low (0.03 mmHg (20 °C). Expos

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Sun, Hong, Jason Brocato, and Max Costa. "Oral Chromium Exposure and Toxicity." Current Environmental Health Reports 2, no. 3 (2015): 295–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40572-015-0054-z.

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Tavakkoli, Leila, Zahra Zamani Nasab, and Narges Khanjani. "Environmental and occupational exposure to chromium in Iran: A systematic review." Journal of Epidemiological Research 3, no. 2 (2017): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/jer.v3n2p31.

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Background: Chromium (Cr) is a heavy metal and trace mineral found in various forms. Cr III is an essential nutrient, that is normally found in human blood and urine; in contrast, Cr VI is listed in group I carcinogens and is hazardous for human health. Several studies have been done about measuring human Chromium levels in Iran and this review attempted to summarize these studies.Methods: Electronic resources including SID, Magiran, PubMed, Web of Knowledge, and Google Scholar were searched; with phrases including “Exposure to Chromium, Chromium exposure, Chromium measuring, Occupational expo

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Lee, Ju-Wook, Jun-Hwan Kim, Deok-Chan Lee, Hyun-Jeong Lim, and Ju-Chan Kang. "Toxic Effects on Oxidative Stress, Neurotoxicity, Stress, and Immune Responses in Juvenile Olive Flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus, Exposed to Waterborne Hexavalent Chromium." Biology 11, no. 5 (2022): 766. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology11050766.

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Juvenile Paralichthys olivaceus were exposed to waterborne hexavalent chromium at various concentrations (0, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mg/L) for 10 days. After chromium exposure, the activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione S-transferase, which are oxidative stress indicators, were significantly increased; however, the glutathione level was significantly reduced. Acetylcholinesterase activity as a neurotoxicity marker was significantly inhibited upon chromium exposure. Other stress indicators, including plasma cortisol and heat shock protein 70, were significantly increased. The immune respo

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Sazakli, Eleni. "Human Health Effects of Oral Exposure to Chromium: A Systematic Review of the Epidemiological Evidence." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 21, no. 4 (2024): 406. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21040406.

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The toxicity and carcinogenicity of hexavalent chromium via the inhalation route is well established. However, a scientific debate has arisen about the potential effects of oral exposure to chromium on human health. Epidemiological studies evaluating the connection between ingested chromium and adverse health effects on the general population are limited. In recent years, a wealth of biomonitoring studies has emerged evaluating the associations between chromium levels in body fluids and tissues and health outcomes. This systematic review brings together epidemiological and biomonitoring eviden

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Yu, Renjing, Liyan Yang, Huan Yu, Shuangzhe Li, Lin Wang, and Yanbin Yin. "Chromium Pollution and Mitigation in a Sunflower Farmland System." Agronomy 15, no. 2 (2025): 464. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15020464.

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Chromium is a major heavy metal pollutant that affects the health of both plants and animals. In this study, sunflower seedlings were treated with K2Cr7O4 containing 50, 100, and 250 mg of pure chromium per kilogram of soil. It was found that the chromium was absorbed by the roots and transported within plant tissues to the stems and leaves. Chromium affected sunflower photosynthesis, seen in increased the Fv/Fm values as the chromium concentration rose. Metagenomic sequencing of rhizosphere microbial communities after treatment with 100 mg/kg pure chromium indicated that the rhizosphere micro

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Bonde, Jens Peter, and Erik Ernst. "Sex Hormones and Semen Quality in Welders Exposed to Hexavalent Chromium." Human & Experimental Toxicology 11, no. 4 (1992): 259–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096032719201100404.

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Recent experimental studies in rodents document the spermatotoxic effects of watersoluble hexavalent chromium. Welders comprise, worldwide, a major occupational group with acknowledged exposure to chromium. This study examines the relationship between semen quality and chromium in the urine and blood of a population of 30 tungsten inert gas (TIG) stainless steel welders, 30 mild steel welders and 47 non-welding workers. Each subject provided two to three semen samples. The chromium concentration ranged from 0.17 to 4.74 nmol mmol1 creatinine (median 1.08) in post-shift spot urine and from 6.0

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Al-Hamood, M. H., A. Elbetieha, and H. Bataineh. "Sexual maturation and fertility of male and female mice exposed prenatally and postnatally to trivalent and hexavalent chromium compounds." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 10, no. 2 (1998): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/r97001.

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The reproductive toxicity of trivalent and hexavalent chromium compounds was investigated in male and female mice exposed to 1000 ppm chromium chloride and potassium dichromate via their mother during gestational and lactational periods. Fertility was reduced in male offspring exposed to either trivalent or hexavalent chromium compounds. Body weights and weights of testes, seminal vesicles and preputial glands were reduced in trivalent-exposed male offspring. The exposure of female mice offspring to trivalent and hexavalent chromium compounds delayed sexual maturation. Fertility was reduced in

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14

Hall, Amy, Hans Kromhout, Joachim Schüz, et al. "O6B.4 Laryngeal cancer risks in workers exposed to lung carcinogens: exposure-effect analyses using a quantitative job exposure matrix." Occupational and Environmental Medicine 76, Suppl 1 (2019): A54.1—A54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oem-2019-epi.145.

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BackgroundVarious occupational agents are suspected risk factors for laryngeal cancer. However, individual studies are often inadequate to investigate how such exposures relate to this relatively rare outcome. Important limitations include small sample sizes, lack of detail on exposure, and inadequate adjustment for confounders.MethodsThis study applied quantitative estimates via SYN-JEM for four established occupational lung carcinogens to case-control data from five (Western European and Latin American) studies within the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology Consortium. Participan

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Setyaningsih, Yuliani, Ida Wahyuni, Ekawati, and Praba Ginandjar. "THE RENAL FUNCTION STATUS OF METAL ELECTROPLATING WORKERS EXPOSED TO CHROMIUM VI." Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine 21, no. 1 (2021): 297–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.37268/mjphm/vol.21/no.1/art.863.

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Chromium (Cr) is commonly used as an anti-corrosive agent. Due to its unique nature, Cr is used to coat metal in order to make it looks shiny and attractive. However, hexavalent chromium (Cr (VI)), a form of chromium used in electroplating, is classified as carcinogenic substance. Its portal of entry into the human body can be through inhalation, ingestion, and dermal absorption. Talang District in central-Java, Indonesia is a center of informal sector’s metal electroplating industry. Electroplating workers in the informal sector rarely wear personal protective equipment (PPE) while working. T

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Lin, Chun-Chi, Ming-Ling Wu, Chen-Chang Yang, Jiin Ger, Wei-Jen Tsai, and Jou-Fang Deng. "Acute Severe Chromium Poisoning After Dermal Exposure to Hexavalent Chromium." Journal of the Chinese Medical Association 72, no. 4 (2009): 219–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1726-4901(09)70059-0.

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Toyoshima, Akio, Takashi Kikuchi, Hirokazu Tanaka, Kazuhiko Mase, and Kenta Amemiya. "In situremoval of carbon contamination from a chromium-coated mirror: ideal optics to suppress higher-order harmonics in the carbonK-edge region." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 22, no. 6 (2015): 1359–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600577515015040.

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Carbon-free chromium-coated optics are ideal in the carbonK-edge region (280–330 eV) because the reflectivity of first-order light is larger than that of gold-coated optics while the second-order harmonics (560–660 eV) are significantly suppressed by chromiumL-edge and oxygenK-edge absorption. Here, chromium-, gold- and nickel-coated mirrors have been adopted in the vacuum ultraviolet and soft X-ray branch beamline BL-13B at the Photon Factory in Tsukuba, Japan. Carbon contamination on the chromium-coated mirror was almost completely removed by exposure to oxygen at a pressure of 8 × 10−2 Pa f

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Rong, Wantao, Yazhen Chen, Jieyou Lu, et al. "Effects of Chromium Exposure on the Gene Expression of the Midgut in Silkworms, Bombyx mori." Genes 14, no. 8 (2023): 1616. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes14081616.

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Chromium is a severe heavy metal pollutant with significant environmental risks. The effects of Chromium on the digestion of Bombyx mori (silkworms) are of particular importance due to their ecological and economic significance. Herein, RNA sequencing was conducted on nine midgut samples from silkworms exposed to control, 12 g/kg and 24 g/kg Chromium chemical diets. Comparative transcriptomics revealed that under moderate Chromium exposure, there was a significant increase in up-regulated genes (1268 up-regulated to 857 down-regulated), indicating a stimulation response. At higher stress level

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Fordyce, F. M., P. A. Everett, J. M. Bearcock, and T. R. Lister. "Soil metal/metalloid concentrations in the Clyde Basin, Scotland, UK: implications for land quality." Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 108, no. 2-3 (2017): 191–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1755691018000282.

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ABSTRACTAn assessment of topsoil (5–20cm) metal/metalloid (hereafter referred to as metal) concentrations across Glasgow and the Clyde Basin reveals that copper, molybdenum, nickel, lead, antimony and zinc show the greatest enrichment in urban versus rural topsoil (elevated 1.7–2.1 times; based on median values). This is a typical indicator suite of urban pollution also found in other cities. Similarly, arsenic, cadmium and lead are elevated 3.2–4.3 times the rural background concentrations in topsoil from the former Leadhills mining area. Moorlands show typical organic-soil geochemical signat

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Viegas, Susana, Carla Martins, Beatrice Bocca, et al. "HBM4EU Chromates Study: Determinants of Exposure to Hexavalent Chromium in Plating, Welding and Other Occupational Settings." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 6 (2022): 3683. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19063683.

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Work-related exposures in industrial processing of chromate (chrome plating, surface treatment and welding) raise concern regarding the health risk of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)). In this study, performed under the HBM4EU project, we focused on better understanding the determinants of exposure and recognising how risk management measures (RMMs) contribute to a reduction in exposure. HBM and occupational hygiene data were collected from 399 workers and 203 controls recruited in nine European countries. Urinary total chromium (U-Cr), personal inhalable and respirable dust of Cr and Cr(VI) and C

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Katsas, Konstantinos, Dimitrios V. Diamantis, Athena Linos, Theodora Psaltopoulou, and Konstantinos Triantafyllou. "The Impact of Exposure to Hexavalent Chromium on the Incidence and Mortality of Oral and Gastrointestinal Cancers and Benign Diseases: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies, Reviews and Meta-Analyses." Environments 11, no. 1 (2024): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/environments11010011.

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Background: Limited evidence suggests a possible connection between natural or occupational exposure to chromium and an increased risk of gastrointestinal cancer. The main objective of this study is to investigate the literature regarding chromium exposure and gastrointestinal health issues (i.e., cancer). Methods: A systematic literature search was performed using PubMed, Google Scholar and ScienceDirect. Included observational studies were assessed for their risk of bias. Results: 16 observational studies and 7 reviews and meta-analyses met the inclusion criteria. Most of the studies investi

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Skowroń, Jolanta, and Katarzyna Konieczko. "Occupational exposure to chromium(VI) compounds." Medycyna Pracy 66, no. 3 (2015): 407–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.13075/mp.5893.00200.

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Saha, Jahnabi, Soma Choudhuri, and Dipayan Choudhuri. "EFFECT OF SUB-CHRONIC EXPOSURE TO CHROMIUM ON HAEMATOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF MALE ALBINO RAT." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 10, no. 5 (2017): 345. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10i5.17468.

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Objectives : Exposure to chromium, the transition element found in many compounds of earth’s crust, leads to various health hazards including cancer, dermatitis, damage of liver and kidneys and reproductive toxicity in both male and female. Toxic effect of chronic exposure to chromium at low environmentally relevant dose is recently recognized and less studied. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of sub-chronic exposure to low doses of chromium VI (K2Cr2O7) on various haematological and biochemical parameters in male albino rats.Methods : Male albino rats (160±10 gm) received 1/25, 1

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El Safty, Amal Mohamed Kamal, Aisha Mohamed Samir, Mona Kamal Mekkawy, and Marwa Mohamed Fouad. "Genotoxic Effects Due to Exposure to Chromium and Nickel Among Electroplating Workers." International Journal of Toxicology 37, no. 3 (2018): 234–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1091581818764084.

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Using chromium and nickel for electroplating is important in many industries. This process induces variable adverse health effects among exposed workers. The aim of this study is to detect the genotoxic effects of combined exposure to chromium and nickel among electroplating workers. This study was conducted on 41 male workers occupationally exposed to chromium and nickel in the electroplating section of a factory compared to 41 male nonexposed individuals, where full history and clinical examination were performed. Laboratory investigations included measurement of serum chromium, nickel, 8-hy

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Rudolf, Emil, and Miroslav Červinka. "The Role of Biomembranes in Chromium (III)-induced Toxicity In Vitro." Alternatives to Laboratory Animals 33, no. 3 (2005): 249–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026119290503300311.

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The role of biomembranes in the chronic toxicity of environmentally occurring chromium acetate hydroxide was investigated by using primary human fibroblasts. Transport of chromium acetate hydroxide across the plasma membrane of the cell, and the effects of chromium (III) ions on the plasma membrane as well as other intracellular membranes, were determined during six weeks of continuous exposure by using atomic absorption spectrometry, observation of cell morphology, membrane integrity assays (for lactate dehydrogenase leakage and lysosomal membrane disruption), and mitochondrial assays (for mi

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Hagvall, Lina, Marwa Munem, Mai Hoang Philipsen, Masoumeh Dowlatshahi, and Yolanda Hedberg. "P-010 PENETRATION OF CHROMIUM SPECIES IN HUMAN SKIN AND RECONSTRUCTED SKIN MODELS – A COMPARATIVE STUDY." Occupational Medicine 74, Supplement_1 (2024): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0443.

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Abstract Introduction Occupational exposure to chromium is a risk factor for the development of cancer. Skin penetration of chromium species has been less studied compared to airway exposure, although skin exposure to chromium species is abundant. Mass spectrometry imaging (time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry - ToF-SIMS) allows direct visualization of the distribution of chromium ions in skin tissue, simultaneously with endogenous compounds of the skin. Methods The EpiDerm RHE model was investigated and compared to human skin ex vivo regarding tissue penetration and distribution of

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Randall, J. A., and R. S. Gibson. "Hair chromium as an index of chromium exposure of tannery workers." Occupational and Environmental Medicine 46, no. 3 (1989): 171–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oem.46.3.171.

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Freema, Natalie C. G., Alan H. Stern, and Paul J. Lioy. "Exposure to Chromium Dust from Homes in a Chromium Surveillance Project." Archives of Environmental Health: An International Journal 52, no. 3 (1997): 213–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00039899709602889.

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Zhao, Meiduo, Jing Xu, Ang Li, et al. "Multiple exposure pathways and urinary chromium in residents exposed to chromium." Environment International 141 (August 2020): 105753. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2020.105753.

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Lin, San-Chi, Chung-Chieh Tai, Chang-Chuan Chan, and Jung-Der Wang. "Nasal septum lesions caused by chromium exposure among chromium electroplating workers." American Journal of Industrial Medicine 26, no. 2 (1994): 221–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajim.4700260207.

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Du, Jun, Zhengqing Li, Xianhong Cao, et al. "Mechanism of Mitochondrial Kinetic Imbalance and Nrf2 Signaling Pathway-Mediated Oxidative Stress in Nickel and/or Chromium-Induced Kidney Injury in Mice." Antioxidants 13, no. 8 (2024): 980. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox13080980.

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Nickel and chromium are both common heavy metals that pose serious environmental and health hazards. However, the exact mechanism by which nickel and/or chromium cause renal injury is unclear. Therefore, we explored the molecular mechanisms of renal injury caused by nickel and/or chromium poisoning from the perspective of mitochondrial dynamics and the Nrf2 antioxidant pathway. In this study, eighty 6-week-old C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into four groups: control (Con, untreated), nickel (Ni, 110 mg/L Ni2+), chromium (Cr, 50 mg/L Cr6+), and combined nickel–chromium (Ni + Cr, 110 mg/L N

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Stern, R. M. "Occupational exposures, delivered doses and exposure limits for chromium and nickel†." Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry 12, no. 3-4 (1986): 185–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02772248609357158.

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Risco, Taufik Achmad, Budiawan, and Ibrahim Auerkari Elza. "Effects of Chromium on Human Body." Annual Research & Review in Biology 13, no. 2 (2017): 1–8. https://doi.org/10.9734/ARRB/2017/33462.

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Chromium is widely used in medical and dental implants, appliances and tools, where sufficient content s of this chemical element can provide a protective corrosion-resistant oxide on the alloy surface. At low concentrations chromium is used for medical purposes, and it is also involved in natural human lipid and protein metabolism. However, at sufficiently high concentrations particularly hexavalent chromium is toxic and carcinogenic. The healthy risks can be expected regardless whether the chromium originates from external sources such as polluted drinking water or internally from corroding

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Kura, Bhaskar, and Praveen Mookoni. "Hexavalent Chromium Exposure Levels Resulting from Shipyard Welding." Journal of Ship Production 14, no. 04 (1998): 246–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsp.1998.14.4.246.

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The Occupational Safety and Health Administration is expected to reduce permissible exposure limits of hexavalent chromium from 100 ng/m3between 5 to 0.5 fig/m3. A Navy Industry Task Group study revealed that the impact of proposed regulations on the shipbuilding industry is significant. The estimated cost of compliance by the Navy facilities could be as much as $46 Million/year besides a one-time cost of about $22 Million. Also, the task group estimated that the cost of $9 Million. This paper presents the results of a study undertaken at the University of New Orleans in support of the Navy/In

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Feng, Lingfang, Xinnian Guo, Tao Li, et al. "Novel DNA methylation biomarkers for hexavalent chromium exposure: an epigenome-wide analysis." Epigenomics 12, no. 3 (2020): 221–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/epi-2019-0216.

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Aim: We aimed to identify differential methylation of genes that could illuminate the biological mechanisms of chromium (VI) toxicity in this exposure-control study. Materials & methods: DNA methylation was measured in blood samples collected from electroplating workers and controls using a combination of Infinium Methylation450K Chip and targeted-bisulfite sequencing. QuantiGene assay was used to detect the mRNA expression of differentially methylated genes. Inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry was used to quantify metals in blood and urine samples. The cytosine–phosphate–guanine

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Paustenbach, Dennis J., Deborah M. Meyer, Patrick J. Sheehan, and Virginia Lau. "An Assessment and Quantitative Uncertainty Analysis of the Health Risks to Workers Exposed to Chromium Contaminated Soils." Toxicology and Industrial Health 7, no. 3 (1991): 159–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074823379100700304.

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Paustenbach, Dennis J., Deborah M. Meyer, Patrick J. Shee han, and Virginia Lau (1991). An assessment and quantitative uncertainty analysis of the health risks to workers exposed to chromium contaminated soils. Toxicol. Industrial Health. Millions of tons of chromite-ore processing residue have been used as fill in various locations in Northern New Jersey and else where in the United States. The primary toxicants in the residue are trivalent chromium [ Cr(III)] and hexavalent chromium [ Cr(VI)]. The hazard posed by Cr(III) is negligible due to its low acute and chronic toxicity. In contrast, C

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Zeiner, Michaela, Iva Rezic, and Ilse Steffan. "Exposure to extractable chromium from tanned leather." Toxicology Letters 164 (September 2006): S187. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2006.07.046.

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Scheepers, Paul T. J., Radu Corneliu Duca, Karen S. Galea, et al. "HBM4EU Occupational Biomonitoring Study on e-Waste—Study Protocol." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 24 (2021): 12987. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182412987.

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Workers involved in the processing of electronic waste (e-waste) are potentially exposed to toxic chemicals. If exposure occurs, this may result in uptake and potential adverse health effects. Thus, exposure surveillance is an important requirement for health risk management and prevention of occupational disease. Human biomonitoring by measurement of specific biomarkers in body fluids is considered as an effective method of exposure surveillance. The aim of this study is to investigate the internal exposure of workers processing e-waste using a human biomonitoring approach, which will stimula

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Dickerson, Aisha S., Johnni Hansen, Ole Gredal, and Marc G. Weisskopf. "Study of Occupational Chromium, Iron, and Nickel Exposure and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis in Denmark." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 21 (2020): 8086. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17218086.

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Studies of occupational metal exposures and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) have focused primarily on known neurotoxicants, including lead, mercury, selenium, and cadmium. However, these exposures are often co-occurring with other lesser studied metals. We conducted a population-based case-control study with the aim of assessing associations between occupational chromium, iron, and nickel exposures and risk of ALS. We identified ALS cases in Denmark from 1982 through 2013 from the Danish National Patient Registry and matched them to 100 controls based on birth year and sex. Cumulative meta

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Zablon, Hesbon A., Andrew VonHandorf, and Alvaro Puga. "Chromium exposure disrupts chromatin architecture upsetting the mechanisms that regulate transcription." Experimental Biology and Medicine 244, no. 9 (2019): 752–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1535370219839953.

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Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) is a highly mutagenic and carcinogenic chemical used in many industrial processes. Occupational exposure to chromium, occurring mostly by inhalation, constitutes a major lung cancer risk affecting chromium workers. Environmental exposure, on the other hand, mainly by ingestion of contaminated drinking water, is a widespread gastrointestinal cancer risk, affecting millions of people throughout the world. One of the major mechanisms through which Cr(VI) causes carcinogenic transformation is thought to be the disruption of transcriptional regulation. Indeed, Cr(VI)-di

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Saleem, Aisha, Attique Nawaz, Irum Naureen, et al. "Effect of Chromium Exposure on the Antioxidant Enzymes Activity and Haematological Indices in Labeo rohita." East African Scholars Multidisciplinary Bulletin 5, no. 5 (2022): 94–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.36349/easjmb.2022.v05i05.004.

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Chromium is one of the most common elements in the earth’s crust and is used in more than 50 different industries. There are three oxidation states in case of Chromium viz., Cr (II), Cr (III), Cr (VI). Among which Cr (II) is most unstable. Cr (III) and Cr (VI) are the stable oxidation state of Chromium in the environment. Being one of the commonly used metals Chromium and its particulates enter the aquatic medium through effluents discharged from different industries like textiles, tanneries, electroplating workshops, ore mining, dyeing, printing-photographic and medical industries. The discha

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Moriello, Claudia, Martina Costabile, Michele Spinelli, et al. "Altered Expression of Protamine-like and Their DNA Binding Induced by Cr(VI): A Possible Risk to Spermatogenesis?" Biomolecules 12, no. 5 (2022): 700. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom12050700.

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Chromium (VI) is the most dangerous oxidation state among the stable forms of chromium. In this work, we evaluated the effect of exposing Mytilus galloprovincialis for 24 h to 1, 10, and 100 nM chromium (VI) on the properties of Protamine-like (PLs) and their gene levels in the gonads. Specifically, we analyzed, by AU-PAGE and SDS-PAGE, PLs extracted from unexposed and exposed mussels. In addition, via EMSA, we evaluated the ability of PLs to bind DNA and also verified their potential to protect DNA from oxidative damage. Finally, we assessed possible alterations in gonadal expression of mt10,

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Hedberg, Yolanda S., Carola Lidén, and Inger Odnevall Wallinder. "Chromium released from leather – I: exposure conditions that govern the release of chromium( III ) and chromium( VI )." Contact Dermatitis 72, no. 4 (2015): 206–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cod.12329.

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Wahyuni, Ida, Yuliani Setyaningsih, and Ekawati. "Analysis of Work Capacity and Chromium Exposure on Lung Function Capacity in Metal Coating Worker." E3S Web of Conferences 125 (2019): 17001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201912517001.

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Chromium commonly used as an anti-corrosive agent for electroplating. Clinical and laboratory evidence showed that inhaled chromium was very toxic. Talang, Tegal have several groups of metal coating workers. As an informal sector, they have no law enforcement and also health services. The workplaces have poor hygiene sanitation, poor workplace arrangement and they tend to ignore the usage of personal protective equipment. This research aimed to analyze the work capacity and chromium exposure on lung function capacity in metal coating workers. The study population was all metal coating workers

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Mariya, A. Rusakova, A. Kolesnikov Roman, and V. Shinkaruk Elena. "Chemical pollution in Arctic cities: public health risk assessment and solutions." RUDN Journal of Ecology and Life Safety 31, no. 2 (2023): 201–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2310-2023-31-2-201-211.

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The research presents characteristics of non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic inhalation and aquatic chemical risk caused by chemical pollutants of atmospheric air and drinking water exposure to the health of the population of the Arctic city of Salekhard. It has been established that carcinogenic risks with inhalation exposure to chromium, soot and formaldehyde as well as with oral exposure to cadmium, beryllium, lead and hexavalent chromium correspond to the upper limit of the acceptable risk and are subject to constant monitoring. The risk of oral exposure to arsenic needs to be minimized thro

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Liao, Yen-Hsiung. "Determination of fingernail chromium, cadmium, and lead in tannery workers." International Journal of Health 3, no. 1 (2015): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijh.v3i1.4479.

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<p><strong>Purpose:</strong> To determine whether chromium, cadmium, and lead levels in human Fingernails reflected the exposure to workplace contamination in tanneries.</p><p><strong>Approach:</strong> 49 exposed tanning workers and 33 controls were monitored for fingernail levels of chromium, cadmium, and lead by graphite furnace and hydride atomic absorption spectroscopy.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> The mean levels of fingernail chromium, cadmium, and lead in the exposed workers were significantly higher than those in the

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Tuzcu, A., M. Bahcec?, M. Dursun, et al. "Can long-term exposure to chromium improve insulin sensitivity in chromium mine workers?" Journal of Trace Elements in Experimental Medicine 17, no. 1 (2004): 55–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jtra.10053.

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Bhatkar, N. V. "Chromium, nickel and zinc induced histopathological alterations in the gill of Indian common carp Labeo rohita (Ham.)." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 2, no. 2 (2010): 234–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v2i2.126.

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Degenerative histopathalogical alterations were seen in gills due to chronic exposure of the fish, Labeo rohita to chlorides of chromium, nickel and zinc for 30 days. However, more severe degenerative changes were observed in case of zinc chloride exposed fish than nickel chloride and chromium chloride treated fishes, indicating more toxic nature of zinc chloride. Mucus secretion over the gill lamellae was seen prominently in all the experimental fishes. However, in zinc chloride treated fish there was excessive mucus secretion after ten days of exposure andafter thirty days, epithelial liftin

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Mirzamuratova, Roza, Eser Eke Bayramoğlu, and Gulzinat Yeldiyar. "Reduction of Cr (VI) Formation in Leather with Herbal Extracts." Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association 119, no. 2 (2024): 71–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.34314/jalca.v119i2.8324.

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This study investigates the effects of extracts from natural products such as oak bark, and onion peel, on the formation of Hexavalent Chromium (chromium (VI)) or (Cr (VI)) in leather during the finishing process. To enable chromium (VI) formation, finished leather samples were aged under various conditions, including exposure to UV light. The amount of chromium (VI) in each leather sample was measured using a PC UV-Visible spectrophotometer at 540 nm based on the ISO/FDIS 17075 standard method. The results showed that extracts from Quercus cortex, and Allium cepa significantly reduced chromiu

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Szewczyńska, Małgorzata, and Małgorzata Pośniak. "Chromium(VI) compounds – inhalable fraction. Determining in workplace air with ionic chromatography." Podstawy i Metody Oceny Środowiska Pracy 35, no. 3(97) (2018): 17–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.4755.

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The metallurgical, mining and tanning industries are, among others, very important sources of chromium compounds emission to the environment. Moreover, chromium is widely used in the production of dyes, pigments, paints and wood preservatives. Welding processes are one of the sources of exposure to chromium compounds under occupational conditions. Long-term occupational exposure to Cr(VI) chromium compounds increases the risk of developing lung or nasal cancer. The aim of the study was to develop a method for selective determination of Cr(VI) compounds in the workplace air with a combination o

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