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Journal articles on the topic 'Chromosome breakage'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 4 February 2022

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1

Spell, R. M., and C. Holm. "Nature and distribution of chromosomal intertwinings in Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Molecular and Cellular Biology 14, no. 2 (1994): 1465–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.14.2.1465.

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To elucidate yeast chromosome structure and behavior, we examined the breakage of entangled chromosomes in DNA topoisomerase II mutants by hybridization to chromosomal DNA resolved by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Our study reveals that large and small chromosomes differ in the nature and distribution of their intertwinings. Probes to large chromosomes (450 kb or larger) detect chromosome breakage, but probes to small chromosomes (380 kb or smaller) reveal no breakage products. Examination of chromosomes with one small arm and one large arm suggests that the two arms behave independently.

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2

Spell, R. M., and C. Holm. "Nature and distribution of chromosomal intertwinings in Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Molecular and Cellular Biology 14, no. 2 (1994): 1465–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.14.2.1465-1476.1994.

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To elucidate yeast chromosome structure and behavior, we examined the breakage of entangled chromosomes in DNA topoisomerase II mutants by hybridization to chromosomal DNA resolved by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Our study reveals that large and small chromosomes differ in the nature and distribution of their intertwinings. Probes to large chromosomes (450 kb or larger) detect chromosome breakage, but probes to small chromosomes (380 kb or smaller) reveal no breakage products. Examination of chromosomes with one small arm and one large arm suggests that the two arms behave independently.

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3

Fluminhan, A., and T. Kameya. "Involvement of knob heterochromatin in mitotic abnormalities in germinating aged seeds of maize." Genome 40, no. 1 (1997): 91–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g97-012.

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Seeds of three inbred lines of maize, with contrasting numbers of heterochromatic knobs and stored under two different ageing treatments, were analyzed for the occurrence of abnormalities at mitotic anaphase in root meristems 3, 7, 21,42, and 56 days after germination, and in root meristems of their freshly harvested selfed progeny. The largest category of detectable aberrations involved breakage of knobbed chromosome arms. We have obtained evidence that knob heterochromatin plays a central role in the origin of primary chromosome bridges. The initial event responsible for the occurrence of br

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4

Hamilton, Eileen P., Sondra Williamson, Sandra Dunn, et al. "The Highly Conserved Family of Tetrahymena thermophila Chromosome Breakage Elements Contains an Invariant 10-Base-Pair Core." Eukaryotic Cell 5, no. 4 (2006): 771–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/ec.5.4.771-780.2006.

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ABSTRACT As a typical ciliate, Tetrahymena thermophila is a unicellular eukaryote that exhibits nuclear dimorphism: each cell contains a diploid, germ line micronucleus (MICN) and a polyploid, somatic macronucleus (MACN). During conjugation, when a new MACN differentiates from a mitotic descendant of the diploid fertilization nucleus, the five MICN chromosomes are site-specifically fragmented into 250 to 300 MACN chromosomes. The classic chromosome breakage sequence (CBS) is a 15-bp element (TAAACCAACCTCTTT) reported to be necessary and sufficient for chromosome breakage. To determine whether

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Dooner, H. K., and A. Belachew. "Chromosome breakage by pairs of closely linked transposable elements of the Ac-Ds family in maize." Genetics 129, no. 3 (1991): 855–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/129.3.855.

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Abstract Chromosome breaks and hence chromosomal rearrangements often occur in maize stocks harboring transposable elements (TEs), yet it is not clear what types of TE structures promote breakage. We have shown previously that chromosomes containing a complex transposon structure consisting of an Ac (Activator) element closely linked in direct orientation to a terminally deleted or fractured Ac (fAc) element have a strong tendency to break during endosperm development. Here we show that pairs of closely linked transposons with intact ends, either two Ac elements--a common product of Ac transpo

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6

Tamar, Samira, and Barbara Papadopoulou. "A Telomere-mediated Chromosome Fragmentation Approach to Assess Mitotic Stability and Ploidy Alterations ofLeishmaniaChromosomes." Journal of Biological Chemistry 276, no. 15 (2001): 11662–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m009006200.

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We have used a telomere-associated chromosome fragmentation strategy to induce internal chromosome-specific breakage ofLeishmaniachromosomes. The integration of telomeric repeats from the kinetoplastidTrypanosoma bruceiinto defined positions of theLeishmaniagenome by homologous recombination can induce chromosome breakage accompanied by the deletion of the chromosomal part that is distal to the site of the break. The cloned telomeric DNA at the end of the truncated chromosomes is functional and it can seed the formation of new telomeric repeats. We found that genome ploidy is often altered upo

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7

Ta, Lan, Adrian Zordan, Bruce Mercer, Lynda J. Campbell, and Ruth N. MacKinnon. "The Breakage-Fusion-Bridge Cycle Producing MLL Amplification in a Case of Myelodysplastic Syndrome." Journal of Cancer Research 2013 (July 18, 2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/452809.

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Telomere loss may lead to chromosomal instability via the breakage-fusion-bridge (BFB) cycle which can result in genetic amplification and the formation of ring and dicentric chromosomes. This cycle continues until stable chromosomes are formed. The case of a 72-year-old female with refractory anaemia with excess blasts type 2 illustrates these events. Conventional cytogenetics produced a complex karyotype which included unstable abnormalities of chromosomes 11, 12, and 15. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analyses including multicolor-FISH (M-FISH) and multicolor-banding (M-BAND) rev

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8

McKim, Kim S., and Ann M. Rose. "Spontaneous duplication loss and breakage in Caenorhabditis elegans." Genome 37, no. 4 (1994): 595–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g94-085.

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Duplications in Caenorhabditis elegans spontaneously delete at frequencies ranging from 10−4 to 10−5. We have analyzed the structure and mitotic stability of 33 deleted duplications resulting from spontaneous breakage events. (i) Breakage usually occurred at a variety of sites; that is, there were no hot spots for breakage. An exception was the spontaneous breakage of the X chromosome into which hDp14 was inserted. These breaks were close to or at the site of the chromosome I insertion; therefore, the insertion created a type of fragile site. (ii) Spontaneous duplications often had complex str

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9

Deckbar, Dorothee, Julie Birraux, Andrea Krempler, et al. "Chromosome breakage after G2 checkpoint release." Journal of Cell Biology 176, no. 6 (2007): 749–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200612047.

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DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair and checkpoint control represent distinct mechanisms to reduce chromosomal instability. Ataxia telangiectasia (A-T) cells have checkpoint arrest and DSB repair defects. We examine the efficiency and interplay of ATM's G2 checkpoint and repair functions. Artemis cells manifest a repair defect identical and epistatic to A-T but show proficient checkpoint responses. Only a few G2 cells enter mitosis within 4 h after irradiation with 1 Gy but manifest multiple chromosome breaks. Most checkpoint-proficient cells arrest at the G2/M checkpoint, with the length of

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10

Nasuda, Shuhei, Bernd Friebe, and Bikram S. Gill. "Gametocidal Genes Induce Chromosome Breakage in the Interphase Prior to the First Mitotic Cell Division of the Male Gametophyte in Wheat." Genetics 149, no. 2 (1998): 1115–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/149.2.1115.

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Abstract Male gametogenesis was cytologically analyzed in wheat lines homozygous or hemizygous for gametocidal (Gc) factors with different modes of action. The first and second meiotic divisions in all lines were cytologically normal. The postmeiotic mitoses were normal in the homozygous lines; however, chromosome fragments and bridges were observed in the mitoses of the hemizygous lines. The morphology of the chromosome fragments suggests that the Gc genes induce chromosome breaks in the G1 phase prior to DNA synthesis of the first postmeiotic mitosis. The age of an anther was correlated with

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11

Heldrich, Jonna, Xiaoji Sun, Luis A. Vale-Silva, Tovah E. Markowitz, and Andreas Hochwagen. "Topoisomerases Modulate the Timing of Meiotic DNA Breakage and Chromosome Morphogenesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Genetics 215, no. 1 (2020): 59–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1534/genetics.120.303060.

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During meiotic prophase, concurrent transcription, recombination, and chromosome synapsis place substantial topological strain on chromosomal DNA, but the role of topoisomerases in this context remains poorly defined. Here, we analyzed the roles of topoisomerases I and II (Top1 and Top2) during meiotic prophase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We show that both topoisomerases accumulate primarily in promoter-containing intergenic regions of actively transcribing genes, including many meiotic double-strand break (DSB) hotspots. Despite the comparable binding patterns, top1 and top2 mutations have d

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12

Sarkar(Datta), Debisri, Archana Sharma, and Geeta Talukder. "Chlorophyll and chromosome breakage." Mutation Research/Environmental Mutagenesis and Related Subjects 360, no. 3 (1996): 187–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0165-1161(96)90016-3.

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13

CATCHESIDE, D. G. "MUTATION AND CHROMOSOME BREAKAGE." Hereditas 35, S1 (2010): 156–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-5223.1949.tb03329.x.

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14

Haber, James E. "Chromosome Breakage and Repair." Genetics 173, no. 3 (2006): 1181–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/173.3.1181.

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15

Santos, J. L., N. Henriques-Gil, and P. Arana. "Specific chromosome breakage at meiosis in C-heterochromatin mutants of the grasshopper Euchorthippus pulvinatus." Canadian Journal of Genetics and Cytology 27, no. 6 (1985): 644–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g85-097.

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Three males of Euchorthippus pulvinatus gallicus (Acrididae, Orthoptera) were found to be heterozygous for an enlarged interstitial C-block on the megameric chromosome, which usually has only small C-bands. These individuals exhibited a syndrome of chromosome breakages during the first meiotic division, the presence of the mutant C-bands being associated with the formation of specific weak points, as well as to an increase in sister chromatid cohesiveness. The pattern of breakage observed depends on the location of chiasmata relative to that of weak points and the enlarged C-block.Key words: C

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16

Gerbault-Seureau, Michèle, Jérôme Fuchs, and Bernard Dutrillaux. "High BrdU Sensitivity of Passeriformes Chromosomes: Conservation of BrdU-Sensitive Fragile Sites on Their Z Chromosomes during Evolution." Cytogenetic and Genome Research 157, no. 3 (2019): 158–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000499590.

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Amongst 15 bird species, representative of 7 orders, recurrent breakages evocating the presence of fragile sites were detected in the chromosomes of the 5 species belonging to Passeriformes. These breaks appeared when 5-bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) was added to the cell culture medium at a dose inefficient for inducing chromosome structure alterations in other birds and mammals. They involved, similarly in male and female, 3 loci on the Z chromosome of 3 Turdus species (Turdidae). Labeling by BrdU antibody confirmed the correlation between BrdU incorporation into DNA and breakage, especially aroun

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17

Mythreye, Karthikeyan, and Kerry S. Bloom. "Differential kinetochore protein requirements for establishment versus propagation of centromere activity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Journal of Cell Biology 160, no. 6 (2003): 833–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200211116.

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Dicentric chromosomes undergo a breakage–fusion–bridge cycle as a consequence of having two centromeres on the same chromatid attach to opposite spindle poles in mitosis. Suppression of dicentric chromosome breakage reflects loss of kinetochore function at the kinetochore–microtubule or the kinetochore–DNA interface. Using a conditionally functional dicentric chromosome in vivo, we demonstrate that kinetochore mutants exhibit quantitative differences in their degree of chromosome breakage. Mutations in chl4/mcm17/ctf17 segregate dicentric chromosomes through successive cell divisions without b

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18

Lukaszewski, Adam J. "Construction of midget chromosomes in wheat." Genome 40, no. 4 (1997): 566–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g97-074.

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To test the usefulness of breakage–fusion–bridge (BFB) cycles in generating new chromosome aberrations in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and to extend the range of aberrations available, a series of midget chromosomes was produced from the long arm of chromosome 1B. Using a reverse tandem duplication initiated chromatid type BFB cycle, the 1BL arm was broken and fused with centromeres of either chromosome 5BL or 1RS to form dicentric chromosomes. The 1R and 5B centromeres were broken by centric misdivision. Among the progenies of plants with dicentric chromosomes, two classes of monocentri

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19

Schoen, Daniel J. "Comparative Genomics, Marker Density and Statistical Analysis of Chromosome Rearrangements." Genetics 154, no. 2 (2000): 943–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/154.2.943.

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Abstract Estimates of the number of chromosomal breakpoints that have arisen (e.g., by translocation and inversion) in the evolutionary past between two species and their common ancestor can be made by comparing map positions of marker loci. Statistical methods for doing so are based on a random-breakage model of chromosomal rearrangement. The model treats all modes of chromosome rearrangement alike, and it assumes that chromosome boundaries and breakpoints are distributed randomly along a single genomic interval. Here we use simulation and numerical analysis to test the validity of these mode

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20

Park, Si Nae, Nam Hee Kim, Kyongok Im, Jee Soo Lee, Sungbin Choi, and Dong Soon Lee. "Diagnosis of Fanconi Anemia By Chromosome Breakage Tests Using 3 Different Scoring Systems and Whole Genome Sequencing Among Patients with Aplastic Anemia in Korean." Blood 126, no. 23 (2015): 4792. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.4792.4792.

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Abstract BACKGROUD: Fanconi anemia (FA), an inherited bone marrow failure syndrome with impaired DNA repair system, is characterized by cytopenias, congenital abnormalities, and predisposition to malignancy as a consequence of chromosomal instability and hypersensitivity to DNA interstrand cross-linking agents. Differential diagnosis of FA and aplastic anemia requires integrated work-up including physical findings, bone marrow histologic findings and chromosome breakage test. Yet, there have been no consensus criteria for chromosome breakage test, which depend on each laboratory's own decision

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21

Butler, D. K. "Ribosomal DNA is a site of chromosome breakage in aneuploid strains of Neurospora." Genetics 131, no. 3 (1992): 581–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/131.3.581.

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Abstract In wild-type strains of Neurospora crassa, the rDNA is located at a single site in the genome called the nucleolus organizer region (NOR), which forms a terminal segment on linkage group (LG) V. In the quasiterminal translocation strain T(I;V)AR190, most of the right arm of LG I moved to the distal tip of the NOR, and one or a few rDNA repeat units are moved to the truncated right arm of LG I. I report here that, in partial diploid strains derived from T(I;V)AR190, large terminal deletions result from chromosome breakage in the NOR. In most of these partial diploids, chromosome breaka

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22

Lukaszewski, A. J. "Chromatid and chromosome type breakage-fusion-bridge cycles in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)." Genetics 140, no. 3 (1995): 1069–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/140.3.1069.

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Abstract During the development of disomic additions of rye (Secale cereale L.) chromosomes to wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), two reverse tandem duplications on wheat chromosomes 3D and 4A were isolated. By virtue of their meiotic pairing, the reverse tandem duplications initiated the chromatid type of the breakage-fusion-bridge (BFB) cycle. This BFB cycle continued through pollen mitoses and in the early endosperm divisions, but no clear evidence of its presence in embryo mitoses was found. The chromosome type of BFB cycle was initiated by fusion of two broken chromosome ends resulting in a di

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23

Eldridge, M. D. B., and P. G. Johnston. "Chromosomal rearrangements in rock wallabies, Petrogale (Marsupialia: Macropodidae). VIII. An investigation of the nonrandom nature of karyotypic change." Genome 36, no. 3 (1993): 524–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g93-072.

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Although the nonrandom nature of many chromosome breaks is well known, few studies have investigated the potential significance of this breakage specificity in chromosome evolution. The macropod genus Petrogale is an ideal group in which to investigate this phenomenon, since it comprises a large number of chromosomal forms, many of which appear to have differentiated relatively recently. By exposing Petrogale cells to mutagenic agents it should be possible to compare the distribution and abundance of induced breaks with those that are known to have occurred in vivo during the chromosomal diffe

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24

Santos-Serejo, Janay A., and Margarida L. R. Aguiar-Perecin. "Breakage–fusion–bridge cycles and de novo telomere formation on broken chromosomes in maize callus cultures." Genome 59, no. 6 (2016): 367–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/gen-2015-0211.

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Breakpoints involved in chromosome alterations associated with heterochromatin have been detected in maize plants regenerated from callus culture. A cytogenetic analysis of plants regenerated from a maize callus was performed aiming to analyze the stability of a chromosome 7 bearing a deficiency-duplication (Df-Dp), which was interpreted as derived from a chromatid type breakage–fusion–bridge (BFB) cycle. The Df-Dp chromosome 7 was stable in mitotic and meiotic cells of the regenerated plants. Fluorescence in situ hybridization showed signals of telomeric sequences on the broken chromosome arm

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25

Hultén, M. A., A. S. H. Goldman, and N. M. Lawrie. "SUBTELOMERIC BREAKAGE AND CHROMOSOME EXCHANGE." Lancet 334, no. 8677 (1989): 1449. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(89)92054-0.

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26

Sankar, D. V. Siva. "Chromosome Breakage in Infantile Autism." Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology 12, no. 5 (2008): 572–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8749.1970.tb01964.x.

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27

Meltzer, Paul S., Xin-Yuan Guan, and Jeffrey M. Trent. "Telomere capture stabilizes chromosome breakage." Nature Genetics 4, no. 3 (1993): 252–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng0793-252.

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28

Duker, Nahum J. "Chromosome breakage syndromes and cancer." American Journal of Medical Genetics 115, no. 3 (2002): 125–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.10688.

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29

Fraccaro, M., Susi Scappaticci, and M. Aric�. "Shwachman syndrome and chromosome breakage." Human Genetics 79, no. 2 (1988): 194. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00280567.

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30

Dai, Xui-Dao, Andrew T. L. Chen, John A. Reidy, Joseph L. Annest, and Richard J. Green. "Folic acid and chromosome breakage." Mutation Research Letters 174, no. 2 (1986): 115–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-7992(86)90100-4.

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31

Heller, R., K. E. Brown, C. Burgtorf, and W. R. Brown. "Mini-chromosomes derived from the human Y chromosome by telomere directed chromosome breakage." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 93, no. 14 (1996): 7125–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.93.14.7125.

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32

Fujii, Tsuguru, Seigo Kuwazaki, Kimiko Yamamoto, et al. "Identification and molecular characterization of a sex chromosome rearrangement causing a soft and pliable (spli) larval body phenotype in the silkworm, Bombyx mori." Genome 53, no. 1 (2010): 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g09-083.

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We carried out genetic and cytogenetic analyses of X-ray-induced deleterious Z chromosomes that result in a soft and pliable (spli) phenotype in the silkworm, Bombyx mori . In a B. mori strain with a spli phenotype, we found the Z chromosome broken between the sch (1–21.5) and od (1–49.6) loci. We also found a chromosomal fragment bearing a fifth-chromosome locus for egg and eye pigmentation fused to a Z chromosome fragment. By means of fluorescence in situ hybridization using bacterial artificial chromosome clones as probes, we confirmed that the fused chromosome is composed of a fragment of

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33

Campos, S. R. C., T. C. Melo, S. Assaf, et al. "Chromosome Aberrations in Cells Infected with Bovine Papillomavirus: Comparing Cutaneous Papilloma, Esophagus Papilloma, and Urinary Bladder Lesion Cells." ISRN Oncology 2013 (November 5, 2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/910849.

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The majority of malignant cells present genetic instability with chromosome number changes plus segmental defects: these changes involve intact chromosomes and breakage-induced alterations. Some pathways of chromosomal instability have been proposed as random breakage, telomere fusion, and centromere fission. Chromosome alterations in tumor cells have been described in animal models and in vitro experiments. One important question is about possible discrepancies between animal models, in vitro studies, and the real events in cancer cells in vivo. Papillomaviruses are relevant agents in oncogen

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34

Tusell, Laura, Judit Pampalona, David Soler, Cristina Frías, and Anna Genescà. "Different outcomes of telomere-dependent anaphase bridges." Biochemical Society Transactions 38, no. 6 (2010): 1698–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst0381698.

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Chromosomal instability occurs early in the development of cancer and may represent an important step in promoting the multiple genetic changes required for the initiation and/or progression of the disease. Telomere erosion is one of the factors that contribute to chromosome instability through end-to-end chromosome fusions entering BFB (breakage–fusion–bridge) cycles. Uncapped chromosomes with short dysfunctional telomeres represent an initiating substrate for both pre- and post-replicative joining, which leads to unstable chromosome rearrangements prone to bridge at mitotic anaphase. Resolut

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Peng, Qian, Pavel A. Pevzner, and Glenn Tesler. "The Fragile Breakage versus Random Breakage Models of Chromosome Evolution." PLoS Computational Biology 2, no. 2 (2006): e14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.0020014.

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Zheng, Yin-Zhou, Robin R. Roseman, and Wayne R. Carlson. "Time Course Study of the Chromosome-Type Breakage-Fusion-Bridge Cycle in Maize." Genetics 153, no. 3 (1999): 1435–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/153.3.1435.

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Abstract The B chromosome of maize has been used in a study of dicentric chromosomes. TB-9Sb is a translocation between the B and chromosome 9. The B-9 of TB-9Sb carries 60% of the short arm of 9. For construction of dicentrics, a modified B-9 chromosome was used, B-9-Dp9. It consists of the B-9 chromosome plus a duplicated 9S region attached to the distal end. In meiosis, fold-back pairing and crossing over in the duplicated region gives a chromatid-type dicentric B-9 that subsequently initiates a chromatid-type breakage-fusion-bridge cycle. In the male, it forms a single bridge in anaphase I

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Ren, Tianheng, Zhi Li, Benju Yan, et al. "Targeted Segment Transfer from Rye Chromosome 2R to Wheat Chromosomes 2A, 2B, and 7B." Cytogenetic and Genome Research 151, no. 1 (2017): 50–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000458743.

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Increased chromosome instability was induced by a rye (Secale cereale L.) monosomic 2R chromosome into wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Centromere breakage and telomere dysfunction result in high rates of chromosome aberrations, including breakages, fissions, fusions, deletions, and translocations. Plants with target traits were sequentially selected to produce a breeding population, from which 3 translocation lines with target traits have been selected. In these lines, wheat chromosomes 2A, 2B, and 7B recombined with segments of the rye chromosome arm 2RL. This was detected by FISH analysis usin

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38

Brock, J. A., and K. Bloom. "A chromosome breakage assay to monitor mitotic forces in budding yeast." Journal of Cell Science 107, no. 4 (1994): 891–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.107.4.891.

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During the eukaryotic cell cycle, genetic material must be accurately duplicated and faithfully segregated to each daughter cell. Segregation of chromosomes is dependent on the centromere, a region of the chromosome which interacts with mitotic spindle microtubules during cell division. Centromere function in the budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, can be regulated by placing an inducible promotor adjacent to centromere DNA. This conditional centromere can be integrated into chromosome III to generate a conditionally functional dicentric chromosome. Activation of the dicentric chromosome

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39

Soemarko, Dewi S., and Muchtaruddin Mansyur. "Lymphocyte chromosome breakage in low benzene exposure among Indonesian workers." Medical Journal of Indonesia 23, no. 4 (2015): 223–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.13181/mji.v23i4.740.

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Background: Benzene has been used in industry since long time and its level in environment should be controled. Although environmental benzene level has been controlled to less than 1 ppm, negative effect of benzene exposure is still observed, such as chromosome breakage. This study aimed to know the prevalence of lymphocyte chromosome breakage and the influencing factors among workers in low level benzene exposure.Methods: This was a cross sectional study in oil & gas industry T, conducted between September 2007 and April 2010. The study subjects consisted of 115 workers from production s

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Shjepcevic, P., A. T. Natarajan, and P. E. Bryant. "Telomeres and radiation-induced chromosome breakage." Mutagenesis 13, no. 1 (1998): 45–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mutage/13.1.45.

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41

Wenger, Sharon L., and Salvatore J. Orlando. "Spontaneous chromosome breakage in pernicious anemia." Clinical Nutrition 19, no. 6 (2000): 467–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1054/clnu.2000.0152.

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42

Kistler, H. Corby. "Targeted Chromosome Breakage in Filamentous Fungi." Fungal Genetics and Biology 22, no. 1 (1997): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/fgbi.1997.0999.

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43

Sturelid, Sören, and B. A. Kihlman. "Lysergic acid diethylamide and chromosome breakage." Hereditas 62, no. 1-2 (2009): 259–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-5223.1969.tb02233.x.

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44

Longhese, Maria Pia, Davide Mantiero, and Michela Clerici. "The cellular response to chromosome breakage." Molecular Microbiology 60, no. 5 (2006): 1099–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2958.2006.05186.x.

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KIHLMAN, BENGT, and ALBERT LEVAN. "LOCALIZED CHROMOSOME BREAKAGE IN VICIA FABA." Hereditas 37, no. 3 (2010): 382–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-5223.1951.tb02901.x.

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Nichols, Warren W., Albert Levan, Bertil Hall, and Gunnar ÖStergren. "Measles-Associated Chromosome Breakage. Preliminary Communication." Hereditas 48, no. 1-2 (2009): 367–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-5223.1962.tb01820.x.

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ISING, GUNNAR. "CHROMOSOME BREAKAGE AND ANEUPLOIDY IN CYRTANTHUS." Hereditas 57, no. 3 (2009): 312–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-5223.1967.tb02112.x.

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Kuo, M. T., R. C. Vyas, L. X. Jiang, and W. N. Hittelman. "Chromosome breakage at a major fragile site associated with P-glycoprotein gene amplification in multidrug-resistant CHO cells." Molecular and Cellular Biology 14, no. 8 (1994): 5202–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.14.8.5202.

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Abstract:

Recent studies of several drug-resistant Chinese hamster cell lines suggested that a breakage-fusion-bridge mechanism is frequently involved in the amplification of drug resistance genes. These observations underscore the importance of chromosome breakage in the initiation of DNA amplification in mammalian cells. However, the mechanism of this breakage is unknown. Here, we propose that the site of chromosome breakage consistent with the initial event of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) gene amplification via the breakage-fusion-bridge cycle in three independently established multidrug-resistant CHO cells

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49

Kuo, M. T., R. C. Vyas, L. X. Jiang, and W. N. Hittelman. "Chromosome breakage at a major fragile site associated with P-glycoprotein gene amplification in multidrug-resistant CHO cells." Molecular and Cellular Biology 14, no. 8 (1994): 5202–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.14.8.5202-5211.1994.

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Abstract:

Recent studies of several drug-resistant Chinese hamster cell lines suggested that a breakage-fusion-bridge mechanism is frequently involved in the amplification of drug resistance genes. These observations underscore the importance of chromosome breakage in the initiation of DNA amplification in mammalian cells. However, the mechanism of this breakage is unknown. Here, we propose that the site of chromosome breakage consistent with the initial event of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) gene amplification via the breakage-fusion-bridge cycle in three independently established multidrug-resistant CHO cells

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Altıner, Şule, Nüket Yürür Kutlay, and Hatice Ilgın Ruhi. "Mosaic Small Supernumerary Marker Chromosome Derived from Five Discontinuous Regions of Chromosome 8 in a Patient with Neutropenia and Oral Aphthous Ulcer." Cytogenetic and Genome Research 160, no. 1 (2020): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000505805.

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Abstract:

Small supernumerary marker chromosomes (sSMCs) are characterized as additional centric chromosome fragments which are too small to be classified by cytogenetic banding alone and smaller than or equal to the size of chromosome 20 of the same metaphase spread. Here, we report a patient who presented with slight neutropenia and oral aphthous ulcers. A mosaic de novo sSMC, which originated from 5 discontinuous regions of chromosome 8, was detected in the patient. Formation of the sSMC(8) can probably be explained by a multi-step process beginning with maternal meiotic nondisjunction, followed by p

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