Journal articles: 'Church development, New – Botswana'

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Crafford, D. "Uitdagings vir die Ned Geref Kerk in Suidelike Afrika met Malawi en Zambië as illustrasiegebiede." Verbum et Ecclesia 11, no. 1 (July 18, 1990): 17–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/ve.v11i1.1009.

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Challenges for the Dutch Reformed Church in Southern Africa with Malawi and Zambia as illustration areas What will be the challenges for the Dutch Reformed Church in South Africa if in the coming decades its isolation from Africa could be ended because of political developments in a post-apartheid era? The Dutch Reformed Church planted indigenous churches in many African Countries like Botswana, Malawi, Zimbabwe, Zambia, Mozambique and Namibia. The role of the church in Africa will be determined by its relations with these younger churches. The challenges in the fields of evangelism, church ministry, the youth and in the socioeconomic and political areas are illustrated specifically in the cases of Malawi and Zambia.

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Knoetze, Johannes J. "POWERLESS PARTNERS: ONE BEGGAR TELLING ANOTHER WHERE TO FIND BREAD." Studia Historiae Ecclesiasticae 41, no. 1 (August 3, 2015): 40–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/2412-4265/104.

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The relationship between the ‘powerful’ Dutch Reformed Church (DRC) and the many churches that were planted by the mission work of the DRC has always been and still is a very sensitive matter. This paper will take a historical look at the relationship over the last decade (2004-2014) between the Dutch Reformed Church in Botswana (DRCB) and the Dutch Reformed Church in South Africa, especially the Dutch Reformed Church in the northern Cape (DRCnC). It was during this time that a paradigm shift started developing in the relationship. After some socio-economic changes and ‘new’ missiological reflection from the DRCnC on their own understanding of mission, the DRCnC took a definite decision to move away from a deed of agreement relation with the DRCB and work towards a partnership relation. After requests from the DRCB regarding theological education, the DRCnC decided to broaden its vision to the church in Botswana and not only the DRCB. This paper wants to look at the process of transformation of a power relation which involves learning, unlearning, relearning and new learning of the different contexts, as well as the understandings and realities of mission, ecclesiology, partnership, tradition, interdependence, theological education and leadership.

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Moswela, Bernard. "Teacher professional development for the new school improvement: Botswana." International Journal of Lifelong Education 25, no. 6 (November 2006): 623–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02601370600989350.

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Selwyn Mwamba, Musonda Trevor. "The Lambeth Conference 2008 and the Millennium Development Goals: A Botswana Perspective." Journal of Anglican Studies 7, no. 2 (September 15, 2009): 229–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1740355309990143.

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AbstractThe Bishops of the Anglican Communion met on the campus of the University of Kent at Canterbury, England, for the Lambeth Conference in July 2008. The Conference took place at a time when the Anglican Communion was going through turbulence over the issue of human sexuality. Accordingly, there was much expectation that the Conference would inter alia discuss and come up with the way forward on the issue of homosexuality. Prudently, the Conference’s focus rested on the real Mission of the Church, epitomized by the Walk of Witness on July 24, 2009 from Whitehall and Westminster to Lambeth Palace. There, Archbishop Rowan Williams spoke of the Communion’s commitment to the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). It is within this context that this article seeks to discuss the issue of the MDGs in the context of the Lambeth Conference, from the perspective of Botswana. It is my intention to show that the Anglican Communion should be focused on the life and death issues of eradicating abject poverty, HIV and AIDS, malaria, bad governance, unjust trade policies and environment, rather than wasting valuable spiritual energy on the ‘luxury’ of human sexuality which is a non-issue for the poor.

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Auvinen-Pöntinen, Mari-Anna. "Pneumatological Challenges to Postcolonial Lutheran Mission in the Tswana Context." Mission Studies 32, no. 3 (October 15, 2015): 353–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15733831-12341414.

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This article analyses pneumatological thinking as it appears in postcolonial mission in the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Botswana (elcb), thereby engaging with challenges being posed by the new Pentecostal Churches and African Independent Churches in the region.1 These “spiritual churches” are attracting increasing numbers of worshippers with the result that the Lutheran Church is currently facing the dual challenge of both the new phenomenon and the historical colonial heritage of the missionary era. Pneumatological thinking in theelcbis examined from an epistemic point of view, and the difficulties and strengths in both the postcolonial Lutheran mission and the new religiosity are evaluated.

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Holm, John D., and Patrick P. Molutsi. "Monitoring the Development of Democracy: Our Botswana Experience." Journal of Modern African Studies 28, no. 3 (September 1990): 535–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x00054707.

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During the last four decades, few attempts to establish democracy have succeeded. Many new states in the 1950s and 1960s adopted democratic structures as they decolonised but soon shifted to civilian or military dictatorships. As the decade of the 1990s begins, there is a world-wide demand for democracy because of the poor record of all forms of authoritarian régimes.

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Saarinen, Jarkko, Naomi Moswete, and Masego J. Monare. "Cultural tourism: new opportunities for diversifying the tourism industry in Botswana." Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series 26, no. 26 (December 1, 2014): 7–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bog-2014-0041.

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Abstract Botswana is known as a wilderness and safari-tourism destination, which attracts high-end overseas visitors to the country. Since the 1990s the country’s tourism policy has been based on a so called ‘High Value - Low Volume’ (HVLV) strategy referring to the aim of attracting limited numbers of tourists with high expenditure patterns. However, while such tourism operations have contributed to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the country and offered investment opportunities for international companies, the position of Botswana as a HVLV destination is increasingly criticised. It is seen as offering too narrow prospects for the growth of the industry and for the local participation and benefit sharing in tourism in future. Hence, there is a need for diversification of the product with deeper involvement of local people to tourism. Therefore, communities and Botswana’s cultural and heritage attractions are increasingly seen as one of the future cornerstones of tourism development. This paper provides an overview of cultural tourism with specific reference to existing cultural and heritage attractions and the potential thereof for tourism in Botswana. The paper concludes that while the role of culture is still underutilised in tourism, the cultural tourism in Botswana has the potential to contribute to a more equitable distribution of tourism-based development and the related benefits for local communities.

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Huang, Maurine. "Sacramento Learns from Bangladesh: A New Twist on Economic Development." Practicing Anthropology 18, no. 1 (January 1, 1996): 10–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/praa.18.1.088650075116p171.

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Church bulletins often carry inserts describing various development projects in Third World nations which church members can assist. Favored projects include cooperative ventures such as village-owned wells or farms in sub-Saharan Africa or craft co-ops for oppressed women in South Asia. By making generous contributions to special denominational offerings, church members, sitting in their pews in this most developed of countries, can help poor unfortunate individuals in some backward Third World country.

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Selaolo, Tjongabangwe, and Hugo Lotriet. "Towards the incorporation of activity-based learning and reflection into Botswana information systems development practice." Journal of Workplace Learning 26, no. 2 (February 25, 2014): 109–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jwl-01-2013-0001.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to report on a co-design process that was initiated between government and the private sector in Botswana to redesign current ISD practice with particular focus on finding a solution for learning failure. Learning failure was analysed retrospectively using concepts of “task conscious” and “learning conscious” learning. Design/methodology/approach – On the basis of a typical Botswana ISD project in which the lead researcher participated, inefficiencies and shortcomings in the standardised Botswana ISD process in terms of full utilisation of learning processes to support systems success were examined. Through the Developmental Work Research (DWR) methodology, which is based on Cultural-Historical Activity Theory (CHAT) principles, IS practitioners from government and the private sector, together with users collaborated to redesign the current Botswana ISD work practice in order to address this shortcoming. Findings – The result has been the incorporation of activity-based learning and reflection into a proposed improved ISD practice framework for Botswana. Practical implications – Through collaborative redesign between government and industry, a new Botswana ISD practice model that incorporates activity-based learning and reflection has been designed, and findings from examination of the model suggest that it has potential to address current learning deficiencies and thus contribute to efforts of avoiding IS failures. There have also been contributions to DWR resulting from the way in which the methodology was applied. Originality/value – This is the first known study that uses concepts of “task-conscious” and “learning-conscious” learning to analyse learning retrospectively and at the same time adopting the DWR methodology in the social context of a developing country such as Botswana.

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Oladele, Adewole S. "Effective Transportation Technology Transfer Operations for Economic Development in Botswana." Applied Mechanics and Materials 505-506 (January 2014): 493–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.505-506.493.

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Technology Transfer (T2) centres have emerged in many countries all over the world as effective agents and catalyst for improvements in disseminating experiences, technologies, best practices and innovations. There is a generally perceived link between the state of development of a country's transportation systems and the extent of technology usage and availability of technical information in that country. To keep the pace with the new technologies, the transportation sector needs information and knowledge that will enable it to advance their processes, incorporate new products into existing programmes, and increase technical know-how that produces positive change and economic development. This paper intended to discuss the innovative strategies adopted in operating transportation technology transfer centre in Botswana. Strategies adopted to achieve the objective were establishing and maintaining a transportation database and website accessible by transportation engineering professionals; publishing and disseminating quarterly T2 newsletter; hosting 6th Africa T2 conference; identifying training programs for the stakeholders. In conclusion, the paper highlighted the outcome of operating T2 centre to enhance transportation through effective technology transfer operations for economic development in Botswana.

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Hadaway, C. Kirk. "The Impact of New Church Development on Southern Baptist Growth." Review of Religious Research 31, no. 4 (June 1990): 370. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3511562.

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Wood, Susan. "Continuity and Development in Roman Catholic Ecclesiology." Ecclesiology 7, no. 2 (2011): 147–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/174553111x559517.

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AbstractAn overview of the conceptualizations of the Catholic Church from the theology of Bellarmine to contemporary understanding of the church as communion shows both continuity and development from one concept to the next rather than an abrupt change to a new model that discards the model preceding it. This essay examines the church as perfect society, church as mystical body, church as sacrament, church as people of God, and church as communion, demonstrating that the various conceptualizations represent development, balance, correction, and a deeper penetration in the understanding and articulation of the prior conceptualizations. The church as body of Christ develops the spiritual and Christological dimension of the church as society. The church as sacrament offers a way of differentiating between Christ and the church while at the same time retaining the close correlation between the two. The church as people of God introduces historical consciousness into the definition of the church. The church as communion synthesizes the strong sacramental and spiritual identity of the church with its organizational structure.

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Anderson, Jane. "Productive power in the Papua New Guinea church partnership programme." Development in Practice 25, no. 4 (April 24, 2015): 535–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09614524.2015.1032213.

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Brown, G. Thompson. "Book Review: Church Planting Commitment: New Church Development in Hong Kong during the Run-Up to 1997." Missiology: An International Review 30, no. 1 (January 2002): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009182960203000142.

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Faimau, Gabriel. "The emergence of prophetic ministries in Botswana: self-positioning and appropriation of new media." Journal of Contemporary African Studies 36, no. 3 (June 20, 2018): 369–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02589001.2018.1490009.

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Botlhale, E. K. "Monitoring and Evaluating Government Performance in Botswana." Africa’s Public Service Delivery and Performance Review 3, no. 1 (March 1, 2015): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/apsdpr.v3i1.73.

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In an era characterised by fiscal stress in the post-global recession era, clichés such as ‘bang for the buck’ are commonplace. Governments are under increasing pressure to spend limited public resources in efficient and effective ways. Efficient and effective governments are a necessary, though not sufficient, condition for economic development. Hence, governments have adopted performance-improving interventions such as New Public Management. Botswana jumped into the bandwagon of public sector reforms in the 1990s through interventions such as Performance-based Management Systems. The focus was almost entirely on performance enhancement to the neglect of performance measurement through a result-based Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) framework. However, in 2009, the government decided to mainstream M&E into the development planning regime. Since the M&E tool is still in draft form, Botswana is very favourably circumstanced to learn from others. Meanwhile essentials to do are: attitudinal change, shared vision on M&E, stakeholder management and demand and use of M&E information by policy-makers such as Members of Parliament.

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Jørgensen, Martin Bak. "Church Asylum – new strategies, alliances and modes of resistance." Migration Letters 10, no. 3 (September 5, 2013): 299–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/ml.v10i3.129.

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This article discusses the possibilities for democratic transformation in a landscape of political closure. Taking the case of Church Asylum [Kirkeasyl] as an example of new ways of resistance and participation in contemporary Denmark the articles argues that although the established political channels are characterised by closure alternatives may be formulated outside the parliamentarian system. Using contemporary perspectives on social critique and mobilization the article looks back at Church Asylum in 2009 and discuss the alliances, strategies and modes of resistance used during the event. The article draws on a framework derived from political sociology and critical theory.

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Lopushynskyi, I. P. "Tomos on autocephaly of the Orthodox Church of Ukraine: a new stage of development in state-church relations." Public administration and customs administration 2 (2019): 77–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.32836/2310-9653-2019-2-77-85.

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Pandey, Sid N. "Education, Technology and Development in the Third World Countries." Bulletin of Science, Technology & Society 17, no. 5-6 (November 1997): 283–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0270467697017005-610.

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In the light of Jacques Ellul's ideas on technology and Ivan Illich's views on education, what follows is a discussion of the present attempt of Botswana (amidst the Southern African Countries) to expand and modernize its educational system through the use of new technology to educate its people. The problems encountered in adopting technology are used as cautions for the Third World countries attracted to new technology for educating the vast majority. Illich's proposal for replacing the formal schools with the tools of conviviality for the learners is considered useful and relevant.

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NAPOLITANO, VALENTINA. "Between 'traditional' and 'new' Catholic church religious discourses in urban, Western Mexico." Bulletin of Latin American Research 17, no. 3 (September 1998): 323–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1470-9856.1998.tb00128.x.

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Schumm, Walter R., and Darwin R. West. "Development of Three New Scales for Assessing Clients' Perspectives on Premarital Counseling." Psychological Reports 88, no. 3_suppl (June 2001): 1071–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.2001.88.3c.1071.

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Within a subsample of 73 men and 179 women from a larger study of current and former members of the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ), three new scales were developed to assess the value attributed to premarital counseling, quality of premarital counseling received, and a pastor's competence at premarital counseling. Although internal consistency reliability as measured by Cronbach alpha was marginally acceptable (.61) for the latter three-item scale, it was adequate for the three-item value (.84) and the seven-item quality (.87) scales. Evidence for construct validity was limited with respect to demographic variables for social class, sex, and religiosity. Those who attended church more frequently and women reported lower quality of premarital counseling.

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Won-Young Sohn. "A Study on the New Curriculum Development for the Korean Methodist Church." Journal of Christian Education in Korea ll, no. 14 (January 2007): 255–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.17968/jcek.2007..14.008.

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Eggins, Joys. "Community Development and the Church-Based Radio Broadcasting in Papua New Guinea." Media Asia 34, no. 2 (January 2007): 105–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01296612.2007.11726850.

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Antonov, Mikhail. "CHURCH-STATE SYMPHONIA: ITS HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT AND ITS APPLICATIONS BY THE RUSSIAN ORTHODOX CHURCH." Journal of Law and Religion 35, no. 3 (December 2020): 474–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jlr.2020.38.

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AbstractThis article analyzes the origins of the concept of symphonia, its historical development, and its utilization by the Russian Orthodox Church as a normative ideal for church-state relations. In various historical contexts, this concept has referred to different normative requirements; it relied on different paradigms in Byzantium and in medieval Russia and it acquired new meanings in Imperial Russia. The reinterpretations of this concept by the Russian Orthodox Church in order to legitimize its position in the political life of contemporary Russia take this concept far from its original meaning. Using methods from the history of concepts of, among others, Reinhart Koselleck and Quentin Skinner, the author considers how the semantic transformations of symphonia in modern contexts by the Russian Orthodox Church lead to a hollowing of this concept. This conception is hardly reconcilable with the normative logic of the actual Russian political and legal systems.

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Sagan, Oleksandr N. "Orthodoxy of pre-war Ukraine (1921-1939): the main tendencies of development." Ukrainian Religious Studies, no. 19 (October 2, 2001): 44–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.32420/2016.79.1162.

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The violent events of the revolutionary 1917 rocked the church life in Ukraine. Church movement began to become quite controversial in its content of national-political character. In the new political conditions, not only the clergy but also secular authorities, public organizations and private individuals took an active part in discussing the problems of church life, which politicized in some way Orthodoxy. The Civil War of 1918-1920 did all the efforts of church activists and clergy dependent on the state of affairs - the activity of many church and church organizations ceased or, on the contrary, restored under the rule of certain political forces. It was only from the beginning of 1921 that we could speak of more clearly defined lines of church development.

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Te Paa, Jenny Plane. "From “Civilizing” to Colonizing to Respectfully Collaborating? New Zealand." Theology Today 62, no. 1 (April 2005): 67–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004057360506200108.

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The article traces the mission imperatives of the two groups responsible for the establishment and ongoing development of the Anglican Church in New Zealand. Beginning in 1814 with the Church Missionary Society, initially a vulnerable fledgling Anglican missionary presence, the CMS was to impact irrevocably upon indigenous Maori. Theirs was ostensibly a “civilizing” mission. Approximately three decades after the CMS, the colonial Anglican Church arrived replete with its substantial wealth and political patronage. Theirs was indisputably a “colonizing” mission, one that ultimately disenfranchised the CMS and, by implication, those within the Maori church or Te Hahi Mihinare. Beginning around 1984, the Anglican Church attempted to redeem its unjust colonial past by reviving the original promise of gospel-based partnership relationships. This article explores the effect upon the church's mission of using political solutions to resolve historic ecclesial injustices.

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Durham, Deborah. "Morality in the middle: choosing cars or houses in Botswana." Africa 90, no. 3 (May 2020): 489–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001972020000042.

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AbstractBatswana contrast owning cars with owning houses: the first signals self-centred accomplishment and possibly deceptive status claims, and the second an investment in sociality. The tensions between individual accomplishment and social connectivity are long-standing in Botswana, and a close examination of cars and houses finds that each is tied up with both dimensions of self-making. The new materiality that envelopes Botswana, however, with rising incomes for some and a flood of consumer options, raises the stakes for both sides of this tension, yet also allows them to be resolved in social and emotional practice.

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Klaits, Frederick. "The Widow in Blue: Blood and the Morality of Remembering in Botswana's Time of Aids." Africa 75, no. 1 (February 2005): 46–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/afr.2005.75.1.46.

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AbstractPopular talk and silence about AIDS in Botswana have been shaped by survivors' efforts to manage the ways in which they remember relationships arising from procreation. The emotional force of death induces the immediately bereaved and wider communities of survivors to recollect who has shared blood with whom through sexual intercourse. Such acts of remembering may have decisive repercussions on relations of kinship, marriage and mutual support. For Batswana, ‘remembering’ is a form of acting as well as feeling, possessing a capacity to shape moral conduct for the long term. In the context of death, local debates about what and how to remember reflect contested endeavours to make relations based on blood persist beyond a person's passing. Focusing on a particular set of local perspectives on the morality of remembering, the article shows that members of an Apostolic church in Gaborone encourage one another to remember in a manner reflecting distinctive methods of maintaining relations of kinship and care.

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Nadal, Gerard M. "Charting a Course toward a New Vaccine Strategy." Linacre Quarterly 88, no. 3 (May 28, 2021): 247–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00243639211014621.

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There has been a long-simmering disquiet in Catholic circles regarding the use cell lines derived from aborted fetal tissue. This concern has exploded into the public consciousness given the use of questionable cell lines in the development and/or testing of the current COVID-19 vaccines, and the debate within the Church over the permissibility of using these vaccines. The history of cell culture and how the biological community came to rely on HEK293 fetal cell lines is explored, as is the way forward, moving the biotech industry away from ethically problematic cells and toward the development of more ethically sourced cell lines. The role of the Church in leading the way forward and the acceptable use of medicines utilizing HEK293 cell lines are all explored.

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Karydis, Nikolaos. "The development of the Church of St Mary at Ephesos from late antiquity to the Dark Ages." Anatolian Studies 69 (2019): 175–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0066154619000103.

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AbstractThe Church of St Mary is one of the most significant monuments of Ephesos, but also one of the most enigmatic. Its repeated modifications prior to its destruction created an amalgam of different phases that have proven difficult to decipher within the present remains. Written records and inscriptions suggest that this church was the venue of the riotous Ecumenical Council of AD 431, but the identification of the phase of the building that corresponds to this event is controversial. And, although the remains make it clear that at some point the church was transformed into a domed basilica, the latter’s form and date have not been established with certainty. The present article tries to fill these lacunae through a new survey of the remains of the church and a re-examination of the evidence from the archaeological excavations of the 20th century. This new investigation of wall structures and design patterns within the remains leads to new interpretations of the evidence, and sheds further light on the history of the Church of St Mary from its late antique origins to the Dark Ages.

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Rapalai, Boikhutso Lerato. "Storing, Maintaining and Mobilizing Botswana National Museum’s Entomology Digital Collections: The GBIF/BID Approach." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 2 (June 15, 2018): e26328. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/biss.2.26328.

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The Botswana National Museum is mandated to protect, preserve and promote Botswana’s cultural and natural heritage for sustainable utilization thereof by collecting, researching, conserving and exhibiting for public education and appreciation. The Entomology Section of the museum is aiming towards becoming the national center for entomology collections as well as contributing to the monitoring and enhancement of natural heritage sites in Botswana. The Botswana National Museum entomology collection was assembled over more than three decades by a succession of collectors, curators and technical officers. Specimens are carefully prepared and preserved, labelled with field data, sorted and safely stored. The collection is preserved as wet (ethanol preserved) or as dry pinned specimens in drawers. This collection is invaluable for reference, research, baseline data and educational purposes. As a way of mobilizing insect biodiversity data and making it available online for conservation efforts and decision making processes, in 2016 the Botswana National Museum collaborated with five other African states to implement the Biodiversity Information for Development (BID) and Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) funded African Insect Atlas’ Project (https://www.gbif.org/project/82632/african-insect-atlas). This collaborative project was initiated to move biodiversity knowledge out of select insect collections into the hands of a new generation of global biodiversity researchers interested in direct outcomes. To date, the Botswana National Museum has been instrumental through the efforts of this project in storing, maintaining and mobilizing insect digital collections and making the data available online through the GBIF Platform.

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Quagrainie, Fanny Adams, Abigail Opoku Mensah, and Alex Yaw Adom. "Christian entrepreneurial activities and micro women entrepreneurship development." Journal of Enterprising Communities: People and Places in the Global Economy 12, no. 5 (November 6, 2018): 657–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jec-03-2018-0025.

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Purpose Review of literature suggests mixed findings on the relationship between the church and micro women entrepreneurship development. This signals that questions remain about the roles of churches in entrepreneurial development. Thus, this paper aims to explore what entrepreneurial activities are provided by churches to their micro women entrepreneurs and how do these activities influence their entrepreneurial start up and growth. Design/methodology/approach Phenomenological research methodologies were used to purposive collected data from 38 women entrepreneurs and four church administers in Tema. Results were analyzed using the emergent strategy. Findings The results suggest that churches provided four entrepreneurial activities which are categorized as finance, networking, promotion of self-confidence and impartation of ethical values. These factors promoted the growth of women entrepreneurial growth but not the start-up of entrepreneurial ventures. The study concluded that the church should provide more support for new entrepreneurial ventures. Therefore, embeddedness because of membership of a church is a critical part of women entrepreneurship development. Research limitations/implications Further studies will need to replicate these findings with other types of businesses, in other locations. Practical implications This study suggests that policymakers should be working in conjunction with churches in a bid to promote micro women entrepreneurship development. Originality/value Limited research has been conducted on church entrepreneurial activities in the development of micro women entrepreneurs in developing economies such as Ghana. This empirical research provides important insights into this field.

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Xi, Jinrui. "Christian New Media in China." Asian Survey 59, no. 6 (November 2019): 1001–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/as.2019.59.6.1001.

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WeChat provides an unprecedented and vibrant platform for Christians in China to publicize their faith on a scale never seen before, thus serving as a powerful vehicle for transporting information between the church, the society, and the state, mitigating the prevailing information problem that has long handicapped these relations.

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Cavric, Branko. "Evolution of Botswana planning education in light of local and international requirements." Spatium, no. 25 (2011): 30–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/spat1125030c.

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Planning problems have been with us ever since human beings realized that their wellbeing is very closely linked to the quality of their settlements and the environment. Over the last century this has led to the worldwide emergence of built environment education in general, and planning in particular. In many African universities planning education is a rapidly growing phenomenon reaching its maturity in terms of structure and number of programs. This development has been most significant in those countries that underwent rapid urbanization and environmental changes similar to those occurring in Botswana. The first Urban and Regional Planning Programme at the University of Botswana was established in 1993 as part of the Department of Environmental Science at the Faculty of Science. The continued growth and expansion of the planning profession world-wide as well as in Botswana, and its interdisciplinary ties with allied built-environment disciplines, have reached the point at which the University of Botswana is ready to continue with a new internationally recognized planning school. There is a belief that a combined (spatial and specialist) accredited planning programme should support local and regional interests, focusing on the Southern African Region, while acknowledging global standards and innovation in teaching, research, and technology.

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Martin, Robert K. "New Ways of Being Church: The Promise of Fresh Expressions." International Journal of Practical Theology 23, no. 2 (November 29, 2019): 287–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijpt-2019-0040.

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Abstract In 2006, British Anglicans and Methodists organized an evangelical initiative called Fresh Expressions to start experimental faith communities. The target population was people who are not involved in church. Over the past 13 years, Fresh Expressions has expanded to almost every continent as a movement that holds together traditional, inherited church practices with entrepreneurial experimentation. It has been lauded as an incarnational approach to mission and it has been criticized for colluding with the worst of contemporary culture. This essay explores the historical development of Fresh Expressions, its unique integral approach to ecclesiology, and its potential for ecclesial renewal and reform.

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Fombad, Madeleine Choe-Amusimo, and Charles Manga Fombad. "The Lawyer in the Emerging Digital Environment: A Botswana Perspective." International Journal of Legal Information 32, no. 1 (2004): 109–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0731126500003917.

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The advent of the global digital revolution and the phenomenal advances in information and communication technologies (ICTs), have today provided an opportunity for the much-vaunted African renaissance and a chance for the continent to leapfrog over some of the enormous barriers of underdevelopment and claim a place in the post-industrial economy. The new technology has not only liberated the human brain from many mundane tasks but it has enhanced our productivity in many dramatic ways. It is becoming increasingly clear that the availability and use of ICTs is pre-requisite for economic and social development in this era of globalization.

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Chandar, Ashwin, Sukhdeep Kaur, Tlotlo Bathethi Ralefala, Deborah Toppmeyer, Claire Philipp, Richard Marlink, Reena Antony, et al. "Building international partnerships to improve global oncological care: Perspective from Rutgers-CINJ Global Oncology Fellowship Program." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 27_suppl (September 20, 2019): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.27_suppl.159.

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159 Background: With cancer accounting for 1 in every 7 deaths worldwide and 60-70% of cancer deaths occurring in low- and middle-income countries, any advancement in cancer care should include understanding to alleviate structural inequalities that produce these global oncological disparities. Rutgers-Cancer Institute of New Jersey (R-CINJ) Oncology Fellowship program, through partnerships with Rutgers Global Health and University of Botswana (UB), established a global oncology program in 2018 to provide young oncologists in training with this educational opportunity. Aims included understanding challenges faced by cancer patients in Botswana, evaluating opportunities to improve oncology care at Princess Marina Hospital (PMH), scholarly collaborations, and exchange knowledge. Methods: In partnership with PMH, UB, and Ministry of Health and Wellness (MOHW), R-CINJ created a global oncology program consisting of a 1 month rotation at PMH in Gaborone, Botswana, as well as longitudinal research/quality improvement (QI) projects. Two 3rd year oncology fellows rotated with house officers and oncologist at PMH. Weekly video conferences facilitated communication during the elective. Projects continued throughout 3rd year of fellowship, in conjunction with programmatic meetings. Results: Fellows gained exposure to cancer care using limited resources. In working with PMH staff, mentorship was provided, QI ideas were shared, and organizational changes were implemented. Scholarly activity was undertaken to examine trends in chemotherapy utilization at PMH over a 12-month period to assess patterns of malignancy and issues with stock outs. Relationship between pathology at PMH, UB, and Rutgers-CINJ and Rutgers Biomedical Engineering was established to expand digital pathology services in Botswana. Conclusions: Our global oncology program is a successful start to an ongoing partnership to help improve cancer care in Botswana. Future directions include development of cancer protocols in Botswana, helping limit medication shortages, and establishing telemedicine based collaboration to assist with diagnosis and improve pathology turnaround time.

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Chandar, Ashwin, Sukhdeep Kaur, Deborah Toppmeyer, Tlotlo Bathethi Ralefala, Roger Strair, Claire Philipp, Richard Marlink, et al. "Building international partnerships to improve global oncological care: Perspective from Rutgers-CINJ Global Oncology Fellowship Program." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2019): e18161-e18161. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.e18161.

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e18161 Background: With cancer accounting for 1 in every 7 deaths worldwide and 60-70% of cancer deaths occurring in low- and middle-income countries, any advancement in cancer care should include understanding to alleviate structural inequalities that produce these global oncologic disparities. Rutgers-Cancer Institute of New Jersey (R-CINJ) Oncology Fellowship program, through partnerships with Rutgers Global Health and University of Botswana (UB), established a global oncology program in 2018 to provide young oncologists in training with this educational opportunity. Aims included understanding challenges faced by cancer patients in Botswana, evaluating opportunities to improve oncology care at Princess Marina Hospital (PMH), scholarly collaborations, and exchange knowledge. Methods: In partnership with PMH, UB, and Ministry of Health and Wellness (MOHW), R-CINJ created a global oncology program consisting of a 1 month rotation at PMH in Gaborone, Botswana, as well as longitudinal research/quality improvement (QI) projects. Two 3rd year oncology fellows rotated with house officers and oncologist at PMH. Weekly video conferences facilitated communication during the elective. Projects continued throughout 3rd year of fellowship, in conjunction with programmatic meetings. Results: Fellows gained exposure to cancer care using limited resources. In working with PMH staff, mentorship was provided, QI ideas were shared, and organizational changes were implemented. Scholarly activity was undertaken to examine trends in chemotherapy utilization at PMH over a 12-month period to assess patterns of malignancy and issues with stock outs. Relationship between pathology at PMH, UB, R-CINJ, and Rutgers Biomedical Engineering was established to expand digital pathology services in Botswana. Conclusions: Our global oncology program is a successful start to an ongoing partnership to help improve cancer care in Botswana. Future directions include development of cancer guidelines and protocols in Botswana, helping limit medication shortages, and establishing telemedicine based collaboration to assist with diagnosis and improve pathology turnaround time.

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Makela, Timo. "Improved Industrial Water Pollution Control in Botswana – From Strategy to Practical Implementation." Water Science and Technology 24, no. 1 (July 1, 1991): 15–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1991.0005.

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Botswana is at the moment industrializing and developing rapidly due to favorable economical conditions. Unfortunately, this development has also some negative impacts. Pollution hazards are increasing and more systematic and sound approach to pollution control is needed. Recently the new strategy for water pollution control was developed. Several areas of development were identified. Actions plans are based on rather practical and pragmatic approach with parallel activities in several areas so that delays in some areas will not hamper achievements in other areas. The areas of development are policy formulation, legislation, practical principles for handling pollution cases, inspection and monitoring activities, systematic guidelines, filing and reporting systems and cooperation with polluters and between different authorities. The paper presents chosen approach and some practical work already done to develop water pollution control work in the Department of Water Affairs.

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Sebeelo, Tebogo B. "Beer drinking, resistance and the politics of alcohol tax levy in Botswana." Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs 37, no. 6 (July 14, 2020): 544–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1455072520936811.

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Aim: The study investigated how beer drinkers coped, made sense of, and internalised the effects of the 30% alcohol levy implementation in Botswana in 2008. Methods: Constructivist grounded theory guided this study and explored how active beer drinkers ( n = 20) coped with the new alcohol reforms. Results: Beer drinkers resisted the new alcohol reforms through various acts theorised as individualised resistance, social drinking networks and seeking alternative drinking avenues. These resistance(s) are synergistic, fluid and situated. Actions by beer drinkers are culturally framed, enacted through the aegis of time to entrench drinker’s autonomy. Conclusions: The alcohol levy implementation in Botswana illuminates the intersection of power, culture and resistance. Policies that are perceived to be draconian and not evidence-based are likely to be resisted by consumers. An examination of the interplay between power/resistance is critical for future alcohol policy development.

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Korbonski, Andrzej. "Poland ten years after: the church." Communist and Post-Communist Studies 33, no. 1 (March 1, 2000): 123–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0967-067x(99)00028-8.

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Ten years after the collapse of communist rule, church-state relations in Poland present a mixed picture. On the one hand, the Roman Catholic church continues to enjoy a privileged position in the country and has achieved most of its cherished goals. On the other hand, its very success carried with it seeds of its future decline. This was particularly true in several areas where the church's aggressive and arrogant behavior has proved counter productive: religious education, anti-abortion legislation, Christian values in mass media, antisemitism, murky church finances, the concordat with the Holy See, and the debate on the new constitution. As a result, there has been a steady decline in popular support for the church which itself has developed some serious rifts in its supposedly united posture. It may be hypothesized that the power and influence of the church actually peaked in the early 1990s and that, having absorbed some of the lessons from its decline, its future policies may well be less triumphalist and controversial, and more accommodating.

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Grover, Surbhi, Nicola Zetola, Doreen Ramogola-Masire, Memory Bvochora-Nsingo, Allison F. Schnader, Rosemarie Mick, Lesego Gabaitiri, et al. "Building research capacity through programme development and research implementation in resource-limited settings - the Ipabalele study protocol: observational cohort studies determining the effect of HIV on the natural history of cervical cancer in Botswana." BMJ Open 9, no. 12 (December 2019): e031103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-031103.

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IntroductionThe global burden of cancer continues to increase in low- and middle-income countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Botswana, a middle-income country in SSA, has the second highest prevalence of HIV worldwide and has seen an increase in human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cervical cancer over the last decade in the setting of improved survival of HIV-infected women. There is an urgent need to understand more clearly the causes and consequences of HPV-associated cervical cancer in the setting of HIV infection. We initiated the Ipabalele (‘take care of yourself’ in Setswana) programme to address this need for new knowledge and to initiate long-term research programme capacity building in the region. In this manuscript, we describe the components of the programme, including three main research projects as well as a number of essential cores to support the activities of the programme.Methods and proceduresOur multidisciplinary approach aims to further current understanding of the problem by implementing three complementary studies aimed at identifying its molecular, behavioural and clinical determinants. Three participant cohorts were designed to represent the early, intermediate and late stages of the natural history of cervical cancer.The functional structure of the programme is coordinated through programmatic cores. These allow for integration of each of the studies within the cohorts while providing support for pilot studies led by local junior investigators. Each project of the Ipabalele programme includes a built-in capacity building component, promoting the establishment of long-lasting infrastructure for future research activities.Ethics and disseminationInstitutional review board approvals were granted by the University of Pennsylvania, University of Botswana and Ministry of Health and wellness of Botswana. Results will be disseminated via the participating institutions and with the help of the Community Advisory Committee, the project’s Botswana advisory group.

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Bryson, John R., Lauren Andres, and Andrew Davies. "COVID‐19, Virtual Church Services and a New Temporary Geography of Home." Tijdschrift voor economische en sociale geografie 111, no. 3 (June 22, 2020): 360–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/tesg.12436.

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Grover, Surbhi, Sidrah Shah, Rohini Bhatia, Sandra Urusaro, Barati Monare, Tlotlo Ralefala, Alexander Seiphetlheng, Sherman Preet Singh, and Givy Dhaliwal. "Development and Usability of a Smartphone Application for Tracking Oncology Patients in Gaborone, Botswana." Methods of Information in Medicine 59, no. 01 (February 2020): 031–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1713129.

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Abstract Background The majority of new cancer cases are expected to be diagnosed in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) by 2025, and 65% of cancer deaths currently occur in LMICs. Treatment adherence, patient monitoring, and follow-up are essential to cancer care but are often not possible in these settings. Out Patient (OP) Care, a smartphone application (app) developed to fill this gap, texts appointment reminders to patients and electronically stores medical records confidentially. Objectives This study aims to present the development of this app and evaluate its usability and feasibility as defined by provider and patient experiences in the context of a multidisciplinary cancer clinic in Gaborone, Botswana. Methods OP Care was piloted at a multidisciplinary team gynecologic oncology clinic in Gaborone, Botswana. The app was developed through an iterative process with feedback from clinic staff and physicians. The usability was evaluated using a cross-sectional survey. All staff members in the gynecologic oncology clinic, which typically consists of one doctor and four nurses, as well as a portion of the staff in the (Princess Marina Hospital general) oncology ward used the app. All providers using the app were surveyed, along with all patients who attended the gynecologic oncology clinic during the 3-week survey period. Staff demographics, reactions, and opinions on usability, as well as patients' reactions to the appointment reminders were collected. Agreement to the ease-of-usability statements was recorded on a 1 (not at all) to 7 (extremely so) scale. Primary outcomes were the app's usability and the feasibility of text reminders from the patient's perspective. Results Nine staff and 15 patients were surveyed. Staff included three doctors and six nurses and encompassed all of the staff in the gynecologic oncology clinic as well as a portion of the general oncology ward. All surveyed staff owned a smartphone and used a computer at home. Most (78%) staff did not feel that OP Care would increase their work burden and were willing to use the app if implemented permanently (median: 6; interquartile range [IQR]: 1). Seventeen out of the nineteen usability questions, such as “I feel comfortable using this system,” scored a median of 6, corresponding to “very much so.” Patients reported that the reminder text messages were helpful (median: 6; IQR: 1) and preferred the text reminders to be in Setswana (median: 7; IQR: 1). Conclusion High usability scores indicate that the app can be scaled up to usage in this clinic and others. Although patients appreciate OP Care, the option for call and text reminders in Setswana is indicated.

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Sibanda, Khulekani. "An empirical study of Women Entrepreneurship motivational factors in Botswana." International Journal of Business, Management & Economics Research 1, no. 2 (February 22, 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.47747/ijbmer.v1i2.65.

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Women entrepreneurship plays a significant role in the economic development of a nation’s economy; thus, this study was set up to study the main motivations of women entrepreneurs in Botswana. The findings revealed that the women entrepreneurs in Botswana are motivated by a range of issues to start business both the pull and push factors. It was thus recommended that the government should provide sufficient infrastructural facilities along with the routine concessions and incentives to women entrepreneurs in the region. For better results, there should be co-ordination among the various agencies involved, without any overlapping of the functions. Flexibility and timely assistance by the financial institutions would help the women entrepreneurs to survive profitably, despite the entry of multinationals into the country and region. The officials of both the government and the banks should take initiative in the matter of financial and promotional assistance to the new and prospective women entrepreneurs.

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Gondo, Reniko, and Oluwatoyin D. Kolawole. "Sustainable Water Resources Management: Issues and Principles of Water Governance in the Okavango Delta, Botswana." International Journal of Rural Management 15, no. 2 (October 2019): 198–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0973005219865369.

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In the recent times, there is an increased awareness about the importance of water management as population growth, new technologies, increased food consumption, land use and economic activities, among others, continue to exacerbate competition among water users in their bid to access natural resources. Thus, water governance encompasses the allocation and management of aquatic resources within the context of a multilayered, competing demand for water resources. Employing a critical review of relevant literature and guided by the legal pluralism conceptual framework and situated within the Dublin water management principles, this article examines key principles and pertinent issues in sustainable water resources management in the Okavango Delta, Botswana; the delta is widely recognized as a wetland of international significance. Findings reveal that demographic and socio-economic factors such as age, education, religion, culture, gender and income play significant roles in household water management decision making. The results also show that although the water legislative environment in Botswana is characterized by outdated Water Acts, efforts and commitment from the government are underway to revise these Acts. This article argues that whilst water research scholars and policymakers continue to make advocacy for water governance at different levels, the local-level water governance needs to be accorded more priority in rural areas in Botswana.

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Davidson, Carol F. "Change and Change Back: the Development of English Parish Church Chancels." Studies in Church History 35 (1999): 65–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424208400013954.

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The eleventh-century core of the church at Wittering, Northamptonshire (Fig. 1a), is typical of the type of church which served local communities in the Anglo-Saxon period. It has a rectangular nave and a short, square chancel. Kilpeck, Herefordshire (Fig. 1b), is an equally typical example of a post-Conquest, twelfth-century local church. It also has a rectangular nave, but it has a longer, apsidal chancel. Such early twentieth-century authors on the development of English parish churches as A. Hamilton Thompson and Alfred Clapham suggested that the use of apses for smaller, post-Conquest churches is an example of French/Norman influence overriding the existing English/Anglo-Saxon forms. They cite the widespread use of apses after the Conquest not only for smaller churches, but also for virtually every major church built in the wake of the Conquest, and the use of apses for churches of all sizes in France in the late eleventh and twelfth centuries. The use of square ends for later medieval parish church chancels such as those at Polebrook, Northamptonshire (Fig. 2a), or Linton, Herefordshire (Fig. 2b), Clapham suggested, marked a return to native English forms after the immediate impact of the Conquest had passed. But is this actually the case? Or are the rectangular, square-ended chancels so typical of later medieval English parish churches a response to new demands being placed upon these buildings? This paper will explore this issue, and ask whether the use of square-ended chancels represents a continuity with, or a change from, older forms.

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Oats, Reginald, and Meshack T. Gumbo. "Insights on the Benefits and Challenges of the Skills Development Program at Kgalagadi South Subdistrict of Botswana: Beneficiaries’ Experiences." Adult Education Quarterly 69, no. 2 (February 15, 2019): 83–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0741713619827647.

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A fit-for-purpose, functional program is the vehicle that guarantees the relevance of an education system by ensuring the sustainability of the society. Failure of a program to be relevant has the potential to cause crisis in a society. This basic qualitative research study explored the experiences of the beneficiaries of a skills development program (SDP) in the rural Kgalagadi south subdistrict of Botswana with specific reference to the benefits and challenges of the program and its potential to improve their livelihoods. Twelve beneficiaries (program participants) of the SDP and their four trainers were purposively selected and interviewed. Data were also collected through observation. The findings indicated that the participants benefited from the SDP training in terms of knowledge, skills, and competencies that they had acquired. As such, they now could make good quality products. The findings also showed that the beneficiaries faced certain challenges with the SDP, especially the lack of financial muscle to sponsor their products. With the necessary improvements, the SDP promises to improve the livelihoods of those who undergo the training in the Kgalagadi south rural communities. This study sheds new insights on the benefits and challenges of the SDP, and this can help decision-makers and funders (Botswana government in particular) in the review of the program.

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Asmara, Oni Andhi, Endang Susilowati, and Agustinus Supriyono. "The Influence of Charismatic Church Development on Religious Christians Life in the City of Semarang 1970-2015." Indonesian Historical Studies 4, no. 2 (December 7, 2020): 155–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ihis.v4i2.8253.

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This article discusses the development of the Charismatic church on the Christians life in Semarang City in 1970-2015 using historical methods and using social religion approach. Since its inception in 1970, the Charismatic church in the city of Semarang has had a major influence on the Christian life in the city. A series of innovations in worship and evangelism that are adapted to the times have made the Charismatic church much in demand by Christians in big cities, one of them is Semarang. Christian interest in the Charismatic church can be seen from the development of the number of Charismatic churches in the city of Semarang. One of the Charismatic churches that is experiencing rapid development is JKI Injil Kerajaan. In the beginning, there were 25 people in the congregations. One decade later it reached 3,557 people and continued to increase to 13,324 people on the next decade. This rapid development has brought significant changes to the Christians life in the city of Semarang. It can be seen, among others, from the increasing number of churches that are full of Charismatic churches at worship services. But on the other hand, the presence of Charismatic church with a new pattern of worship caused less harmonious relationship between non-Charismatic churches and charismatic churches as the result of the high increasing number of original church people who moved to the Charismatic church. It is because Christians in Semarang are mostly more interested in taking worship in the Charismatic church.

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Madebwe, Tinashe, Emma Chitsove, and Jimcall Pfumorodze. "Giving effect to the human right to a clean environment in Botswana." Environmental Law Review 23, no. 1 (March 2021): 23–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461452921995152.

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Environmental deterioration remains a concern in Botswana. Despite efforts being made to address this issue by the state, more needs to be done in this regard. This is particularly interesting in the light of reports that the country is looking to draft a new constitution. Against this backdrop, this article considers whether including environmental rights in Botswana’s constitution would advance environmental protection efforts. To this end, the article relies on experiences with rights drawn from different jurisdictions across the world, as well as commentary on these experiences, to build a tool for measuring the extent to which the turn to environmental rights holds value in a given jurisdiction. Using this tool, and drawing from experiences in looking to establish environmental rights in Botswana, the article measures the extent to which including the right in the constitution would hold value in advancing Botswana’s pursuit of environmental protection objectives.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Church development, New – Botswana'

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