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Journal articles on the topic 'Cichlid fish'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 10 February 2022

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1

Chang, Chia-Hsuan, Sayuj Poudyal, Theeraporn Pulpipat, Pei-Chi Wang, and Shih-Chu Chen. "Pathological Manifestations of Francisella orientalis in the Green Texas Cichlid (Herichthys cyanoguttatus)." Animals 11, no. 8 (August 3, 2021): 2284. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11082284.

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Francisella orientalis (Fo) is considered to be one of the major pathogens of tilapia because of the high mortalities observed during outbreaks. Other cichlids belonging to the same family (Cichlidae) as tilapia are also quite susceptible to this pathogen. On various occasions, Fo has also been isolated from other warm water fish, including three-line grunt, hybrid striped bass, French grunt, Caesar grunt, and Indo-Pacific reef fish. However, only a few studies have reported the pathogenicity of Francisella orientalis in ornamental cichlid fish. This study fulfills Koch’s postulates by showing that a strain of Fo obtained from green Texas cichlid (Herichthys cyanoguttatus) was able to produce the same pathogenicity in healthy fish. A mortality of 100% was observed after healthy green Texas cichlid were experimentally injected with Fo at a dose of 8.95 × 105 CFU/fish. DNA extracted from the organs of predilection (spleen, head kidney) gave positive results by PCR for all fish that died during the experimental period. Spleen and head kidney presented with multifocal white nodules in the affected fish, corresponding to typical vacuolated granulomas on histopathological examination of the tissues. Based on the results of this study, it is evident that Fo can indeed infect green Texas cichlid and produce a disease typical of francisellosis.
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2

Chellappa, S., M. R. Câmara, N. T. Chellappa, M. C. M. Beveridge, and F. A. Huntingford. "Reproductive ecology of a neotropical cichlid fish, Cichla monoculus (Osteichthyes: Cichlidae)." Brazilian Journal of Biology 63, no. 1 (February 2003): 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1519-69842003000100004.

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The reproductive ecology of the freshwater fish Cichla monoculus Spix, 1831 (Osteichthyes: Cichlidae) was investigated in the Campo Grande Reservoir, Northeast Brazil. Rainfall, temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen and electrical conductivity of the water were recorded monthly. Fish collected on a monthly basis were measured, weighed, dissected, sexed and the stage of maturation of the gonads were assessed by macro and microscopic means. The semi-arid study region has short spells of rain of 2-3 months duration interspersed with dry seasons. A positive correlation was observed between rainfall and air and water temperatures and conductivity of the water. The study population had an extended spawning season, with peak reproductive activity coinciding with low water temperatures. Males were longer and heavier than females on average and were larger at onset of sexual maturity. The size frequency distributions of the oocytes indicate that C. monoculus is a multiple spawner with an estimated batch fecundity of 3100. Condition factor showed an inverse relationship in relation to gonad size during maturation in both sexes and spent fish were in poor condition. In mature males, lipid stores in the post-occipital cephalic protuberance, a secondary sexual characteristic developed during the reproductive phase, which depleted in spent individuals. The success of this fish is attributed to its reproductive capacity and to the phenotypic plasticity that allows it to adapt to the harsh ecological conditions that prevail in the semi-arid region of Northeast Brazil.
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Harris, Andrew S., and Jonathan M. Wright. "Nucleotide sequence and genomic organization of cichlid fish minisatellites." Genome 38, no. 1 (February 1, 1995): 177–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g95-022.

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We have cloned, sequenced, and determined the genomic organization of minisatellites from the African cichlid fish, Oroechromis niloticus. We estimate that minisatellites related in sequence to the Jeffreys' core probes 33.6 and 33.15 occur approximately every 1000 kilobase pairs in the cichlid fish genome. Sequencing of three minisatellites revealed that the size of the monomer units of the tandem arrays ranged from 7 to 24 base pairs (bp). One minisatellite appeared to contain a higher ordered periodicity of 90–120 bp superimposed on the apparent 15 bp monomer repeat, indicating a particularly large unit of homogenization for a minisatellite array. Sequence heterogeneity of repeat units within tandem arrays varied considerably from one minisatellite to another. Hybridization of cloned minisatellites to genomic DNA of cichlid fishes generated, in most instances, multilocus fingerprint patterns, indicating that families of minisatellites related by sequence exist in the cichlid genome. Two minisatellite clones, however, generated polymorphic single locus fingerprints, suggesting that these loci are conserved in closely related African cichlids. The cross hybridization of these cichlid minisatellites within and between related taxa, as well as to unrelated fish species such as Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), complement the human minisatellite sequences for the study of genetic relationships among individuals from a wide range of fish species.Key words: variable number of tandem repeats, VNTR, tilapia, evolution, DNA fingerprinting.
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4

Takahashi, Tetsumi, and Stephan Koblmüller. "The Adaptive Radiation of Cichlid Fish in Lake Tanganyika: A Morphological Perspective." International Journal of Evolutionary Biology 2011 (May 10, 2011): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2011/620754.

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Lake Tanganyika is the oldest of the Great Ancient Lakes in the East Africa. This lake harbours about 250 species of cichlid fish, which are highly diverse in terms of morphology, behaviour, and ecology. Lake Tanganyika's cichlid diversity has evolved through explosive speciation and is treated as a textbook example of adaptive radiation, the rapid differentiation of a single ancestor into an array of species that differ in traits used to exploit their environments and resources. To elucidate the processes and mechanisms underlying the rapid speciation and adaptive radiation of Lake Tanganyika's cichlid species assemblage it is important to integrate evidence from several lines of research. Great efforts have been, are, and certainly will be taken to solve the mystery of how so many cichlid species evolved in so little time. In the present review, we summarize morphological studies that relate to the adaptive radiation of Lake Tanganyika's cichlids and highlight their importance for understanding the process of adaptive radiation.
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5

OHEE, HENDERITE L., PUGUH SUJARTA, SURIANI BR SURBAKTI, and HOLLY BARCLAY. "Rapid expansion and biodiversity impacts of the red devil cichlid (Amphilophus labiatus, Günther 1864) in Lake Sentani, Papua, Indonesia." Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity 19, no. 6 (October 9, 2018): 2096–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d190615.

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Ohee HL, Sujarta P, Br Surbakti S, Barclay H. 2018. Rapid expansion and biodiversity impacts of the red devil cichlid (Amphilophus labiatus, Günther 1864) in Lake Sentani, Papua, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 2096-2103. The red devil cichlid (Amphilophus labiatus, Günther 1864) is one of ten exotic fish species inhabiting Lake Sentani. It is believed to be one of the most important threats to the native fish of Lake Sentani. This study aimed to document the distribution of red devil cichlids and the impacts of this species on native fish fauna. Fish were sampled in six locations in Lake Sentani using gill nets during February and March 2018. Fish species and abundance were recorded and used to calculate the relative abundance, dominance, species evenness, Shannon Wiener Index (H’) and the correlation between introduced and native fish species. A total of 836 fish belonging to 12 species were recorded across Lake Sentani. Mean fish diversity (H’=0.57) and evenness (E= 0.25) were low. The red devil cichlid is the most abundant fish recorded during our surveys (87.2% of total fish collected) and is now the most dominant fish in the lake (C=0.76). Moreover, it has colonized all areas sampled within the lake because of its ability to colonize new habitat and to successfully exploit a large diversity of trophic niches. However, Amphilophus labiatus was not found to be significantly correlated to native fish between different sites in Lake Sentani. The existence of endemic and native fish in Lake Sentani is now seriously threatened by the presence of the red devil cichlid throughout this lake.
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6

Svardal, Hannes, Fu Xiang Quah, Milan Malinsky, Benjamin P. Ngatunga, Eric A. Miska, Walter Salzburger, Martin J. Genner, George F. Turner, and Richard Durbin. "Ancestral Hybridization Facilitated Species Diversification in the Lake Malawi Cichlid Fish Adaptive Radiation." Molecular Biology and Evolution 37, no. 4 (December 14, 2019): 1100–1113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msz294.

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Abstract The adaptive radiation of cichlid fishes in East African Lake Malawi encompasses over 500 species that are believed to have evolved within the last 800,000 years from a common founder population. It has been proposed that hybridization between ancestral lineages can provide the genetic raw material to fuel such exceptionally high diversification rates, and evidence for this has recently been presented for the Lake Victoria region cichlid superflock. Here, we report that Lake Malawi cichlid genomes also show evidence of hybridization between two lineages that split 3–4 Ma, today represented by Lake Victoria cichlids and the riverine Astatotilapia sp. “ruaha blue.” The two ancestries in Malawi cichlid genomes are present in large blocks of several kilobases, but there is little variation in this pattern between Malawi cichlid species, suggesting that the large-scale mosaic structure of the genomes was largely established prior to the radiation. Nevertheless, tens of thousands of polymorphic variants apparently derived from the hybridization are interspersed in the genomes. These loci show a striking excess of differentiation across ecological subgroups in the Lake Malawi cichlid assemblage, and parental alleles sort differentially into benthic and pelagic Malawi cichlid lineages, consistent with strong differential selection on these loci during species divergence. Furthermore, these loci are enriched for genes involved in immune response and vision, including opsin genes previously identified as important for speciation. Our results reinforce the role of ancestral hybridization in explosive diversification by demonstrating its significance in one of the largest recent vertebrate adaptive radiations.
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7

Daneshvar, Ehsan, Mahsa Y. Ardestani, Salar Dorafshan, and Mauricio L. Martins. "Hematological parameters of Iranian cichlid Iranocichla hormuzensis: Coad, 1982 (Perciformes) in Mehran River." Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 84, no. 4 (August 30, 2012): 943–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0001-37652012005000054.

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This study describes the hematological parameters in Iranocichla hormuzensis, an Iranian freshwater cichlid important as ornamental and food fish. Forty fish were captured with seine net at Mehran river Hormozgan province, Iran. Blood was used to determine the total counts of red blood cells (RBC) and white blood cells (WBC), hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and morphometric data of erythrocytes. The Iranian fish showed lower RBC and WBC values than the other cichlids (Oreochromis niloticus, O. aureus, O. mossambicus, O. hybrid, Cichlasoma dimerus and Cichla monoculus). Hematocrit did not vary among the species, but MCV, MCH and MCHC in I. hormuzensis were higher than those for O. niloticus, O. aureus, O. hybrid, C. dimerus and C. monoculus. These differences may be related to different life habit of fish. This study suggests that I. hormuzensis is well acclimated to the environment being the first report for its hematology. It is also suggested high efficiency in oxygen transportation, and an efficient inflow of oxygen by the gills, indicating the welfare of fish on this environment.
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8

Victor, Reginald, and Jacob Odenkey Tetteh. "Fish communities of a perturbed stream in Southern Nigeria." Journal of Tropical Ecology 4, no. 1 (February 1988): 49–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467400002492.

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ABSTRACTFish communities of a fourth order stream impounded by a weir were studied in Southern Nigeria. Fifty-eight species were recorded of which 90% occurred upstream while reservoir and downstream accounted for 48% and 43% respectively. The distribution of some fish families indicated the effects of habitat alterations caused by reservoir and downstream conditions. The fauna upstream was different from that of reservoir and downstream. Relative abundance of non-cichlids common to reservoir and downstream showed 42% similarity. The longitudinal distribution of three non-cichlid populations was different in reservoir and downstream. Non-cichlid species richness was almost similar in reservoir and downstream, but its general diversity and evenness were higher in reservoir than its downstream. Fish community changes in this stream are discussed.
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9

Snellgrove, Donna L., and Lucille G. Alexander. "Haematology and plasma chemistry of the red top ice blue mbuna cichlid (Metriaclima greshakei)." British Journal of Nutrition 106, S1 (October 12, 2011): S154—S157. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114511002108.

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Clinical haematology and blood plasma chemistry can be used as a valuable tool to provide substantial diagnostic information for fish. A wide range of parameters can be used to assess nutritional status, digestive function, disease identification, routine metabolic levels, general physiological status and even the assessment and management of wild fish populations. However to evaluate such data accurately, baseline reference intervals for each measurable parameter must be established for the species of fish in question. Baseline data for ornamental fish species are limited, as research is more commonly conducted using commercially cultured fish. Blood samples were collected from sixteen red top ice blue cichlids (Metriaclima greshakei), an ornamental freshwater fish, to describe a range of haematology and plasma chemistry parameters. Since this cichlid is fairly large in comparison with most tropical ornamental fish, two independent blood samples were taken to assess a large range of parameters. No significant differences were noted between sample periods for any parameter. Values obtained for a large number of parameters were similar to those established for other closely related fish species such as tilapia (Oreochromis spp.). In addition to reporting the first set of blood values for M. Greshakei, to our knowledge, this study highlights the possibility of using previously established data for cultured cichlid species in studies with ornamental cichlid fish.
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10

Scaia, María Florencia, Luciano Cavallino, and Matías Pandolfi. "Social control of spermatogenesis and steroidogenesis in cichlid fish: a comparative approach." Reproduction 159, no. 1 (January 2020): R31—R43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/rep-18-0650.

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Social animals with hierarchical dominance systems are susceptible to changes their environment. Interactions with conspecifics can greatly affect individual’s behavior and reproductive success. This review will show how social behavior modulates gonadal steroidogenesis and spermatogenesis in African and Neotropical cichlid fish with different social systems and how this modulation regulates reproductive capacity. Social behavior and aggressiveness are strongly linked to sex steroids, glucocorticoids and neuropeptides. The challenge hypothesis suggests that behavioral interactions increase androgen levels in response to social instability, but there is little evidence regarding estradiol levels. It has been recently demonstrated that in male Cichlasoma dimerus, a Neotropical cichlid fish, the challenge hypothesis could also be extended to estrogens. In C. dimerus, dominant males have higher gonadosomatic index than subordinated; the percentage of spermatocytes and spermatids is higher in subordinates, while dominants show a greater percentage of spermatozoa. In other species of African cichlids, socially suppressed subordinate males are not reproductively incompetent maintaining some activity at every level of their reproductive axis. Axis reactivation upon social ascent is similar to the initiation of puberty in mammals, as well as the reoccurrence of puberty observed in seasonally breeding animals. In conclusion, social behavior and reproductive strategies in females cichlids are still understudied, and Neotropical cichlids still constitute a group that deserves more attention, considering cichlids’ diversity in mating systems, reproductive behavior and parental care. This review highlights the importance of performing further studies and additional research in these two areas, which still remain to be addressed.
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11

Lehtonen, Topi K. "Convict cichlids benefit from close proximity to another species of cichlid fish." Biology Letters 4, no. 6 (September 2008): 610–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2008.0378.

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The coexistence of species with overlapping resource use is often thought to involve only negative fitness effects as a consequence of interspecific competition. Furthermore, the scarce empirical research on positive species interactions has predominantly focused on sessile organisms. Here, I experimentally assessed the effect of close proximity of a potential brood predator and competitor on reproductive success of a neotropical cichlid fish. I demonstrate that convict cichlid ( Archocentrus nigrofasciatus ) broods have a higher survival rate near territories of the Nicaragua cichlid ( Hypsophrys nicaraguensis ), and that escape from predation and nest takeovers is the most likely explanation for the decreased offspring mortality.
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12

Danley, Patrick D., Martin Husemann, Baoqing Ding, Lyndsay M. DiPietro, Emily J. Beverly, and Daniel J. Peppe. "The Impact of the Geologic History and Paleoclimate on the Diversification of East African Cichlids." International Journal of Evolutionary Biology 2012 (July 19, 2012): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/574851.

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The cichlid fishes of the East African Great Lakes are the largest extant vertebrate radiation identified to date. These lakes and their surrounding waters support over 2,000 species of cichlid fish, many of which are descended from a single common ancestor within the past 10 Ma. The extraordinary East African cichlid diversity is intricately linked to the highly variable geologic and paleoclimatic history of this region. Greater than 10 Ma, the western arm of the East African rift system began to separate, thereby creating a series of rift basins that would come to contain several water bodies, including the extremely deep Lakes Tanganyika and Malawi. Uplifting associated with this rifting backponded many rivers and created the extremely large, but shallow Lake Victoria. Since their creation, the size, shape, and existence of these lakes have changed dramatically which has, in turn, significantly influenced the evolutionary history of the lakes' cichlids. This paper reviews the geologic history and paleoclimate of the East African Great Lakes and the impact of these forces on the region's endemic cichlid flocks.
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13

Svensson, Ola, Bernd Egger, Boye Gricar, Katie Woodhouse, Cock van Oosterhout, Walter Salzburger, Ole Seehausen, and George F. Turner. "Segregation of Species-Specific Male Attractiveness in F2 Hybrid Lake Malawi Cichlid Fish." International Journal of Evolutionary Biology 2011 (April 6, 2011): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2011/426179.

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Among the huge radiations of haplochromine cichlid fish in Lakes Malawi and Victoria, closely related species are often reproductively isolated via female mate choice although viable fertile hybrids can be produced when females are confined only with heterospecific males. We generated F2 hybrid males from a cross between a pair of closely related sympatric cichlid fish from Lake Malawi. Laboratory mate choice experiments using microsatellite paternity analysis demonstrated that F2 hybrid males differed significantly in their attractiveness to females of the two parental species, indicating heritable variation in traits involved in mate choice that may contribute to reproductive isolation between these species. We found no significant correlation between male mating success and any measurement of male colour pattern. A simple quantitative genetic model of reproductive isolation suggests that there may be as few as two chromosomal regions controlling species-specific attractiveness. We propose that adaptive radiation of Lake Malawi cichlids could be facilitated by the presence of genes with major effects on mate choice and reproductive isolation.
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Stelkens, Rike Bahati, Corinne Schmid, and Ole Seehausen. "Hybrid Breakdown in Cichlid Fish." PLOS ONE 10, no. 5 (May 21, 2015): e0127207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0127207.

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15

Turner, George F. "Adaptive radiation of cichlid fish." Current Biology 17, no. 19 (October 2007): R827—R831. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2007.07.026.

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Durrer, Loris, Michael Taborsky, and Joachim G. Frommen. "Group-size preferences in a shoaling cichlid." Behaviour 157, no. 5 (May 7, 2020): 415–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568539x-bja10007.

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Abstract Group size is an important criterion in social decisions. Accordingly, assessing quantities is common in many animals. In fishes, studies on numerical abilities focus on a limited range of species. Arguably, cichlids show the greatest variability of social patterns among vertebrates. Nevertheless, knowledge about their quantitative abilities is scarce. Here we use the Lake Tanganyika cichlid Lamprologus callipterus to scrutinize the quantitative abilities of fish in the context of shoaling. Females chose between different numbers of conspecifics, varying in absolute and relative number differences. In half of the trials both shoals were composed of familiar sisters, while all fish were unfamiliar non-kin in the other half. Test fish consistently preferred the larger of two shoals, irrespective of the ratios. Their activity differed significantly between familiarity/relatedness treatments, indicating recognition of this parameter. L. callipterus therefore has fine-tuned discrimination skills, adding to the evidence that quantitative abilities are widespread in fishes.
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17

Andriani, Nathania Disa Ariesta, Hebert Adrianto, and Arief Gunawan Darmanto. "Daya Predasi Ikan Lemon (Labidochromis caeruleus) dan Ikan Kapiat (Barbonymus schwanenfeldii) Terhadap Larva Nyamuk Aedes aegypti." ASPIRATOR - Journal of Vector-borne Disease Studies 13, no. 1 (June 29, 2021): 37–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.22435/asp.v13i1.3854.

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Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is a vector-borne disease that still happens every year in Indonesia. This disease is caused by the dengue virus and transmitted by the Aedes aegypti as its vector. One of the biological vector controls that can be implemented is using fish as a predator of mosquito larvae, such as using Electric Yellow Cichlid fish (Labidochromis caeruleus) and Tinfoil Barb fish (Barbonymus schwanenfeldii). This study aimed to determine the difference in predation capacities of Electric Yellow Cichlid and Tinfoil Barb on Ae. aegypti larvae. This research is quasiexperimental with a completely randomized design (CRD) with Post Test Only research design. One aquarium with three liters of water containing one fish is given 25 Ae. aegypti larvae. Testing of each fish species is carried out in five replications. Fish predation was observed every 30 seconds until all larvae were eaten. The result showed that Electric Yellow Cichlid could prey on 25 larvae in an averagetime of 5.7 minutes, while Tinfoil Barb spent 11.6 minutes. The results of the Friedman test showed that there was a significant time difference in preying time of Electric Yellow Cichlid and Tinfoil Barb. It’s concluded that Electric Yellow Cichlid was more effective as an Ae. aegypti larvae predator.
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18

Verzijden, Machteld N., and Carel ten Cate. "Early learning influences species assortative mating preferences in Lake Victoria cichlid fish." Biology Letters 3, no. 2 (February 7, 2007): 134–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2006.0601.

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The Lake Victoria ‘species flock’ of cichlids is puzzling because reproductive isolation often occurs in the absence of substantial ecological differences among species. Theory predicts that this cannot evolve with most genetic mechanisms for mate choice. We provide the first evidence that learning, in the form of sexual imprinting, helps maintain reproductive isolation among closely related cichlid species. Using a cross-fostering experiment, we show that young females develop a sexual preference for males of their foster mothers' species, even reversing species assortative mating preferences. We suggest that learning creates favourable conditions for reproductive isolation to evolve.
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Genner, Martin J., Benjamin P. Ngatunga, Semvua Mzighani, Alan Smith, and George F. Turner. "Geographical ancestry of Lake Malawi's cichlid fish diversity." Biology Letters 11, no. 6 (June 2015): 20150232. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2015.0232.

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The Lake Malawi haplochromine cichlid flock is one of the largest vertebrate adaptive radiations. The geographical source of the radiation has been assumed to be rivers to the south and east of Lake Malawi, where extant representatives of the flock are now present. Here, we provide mitochondrial DNA evidence suggesting the sister taxon to the Lake Malawi radiation is within the Great Ruaha river in Tanzania, north of Lake Malawi. Estimates of the time of divergence between the Lake Malawi flock and this riverine sister taxon range from 2.13 to 6.76 Ma, prior to origins of the current radiation 1.20–4.06 Ma. These results are congruent with evaluations of 2–3.75 Ma fossil material that suggest past faunal connections between Lake Malawi and the Ruaha. We propose that ancestors of the Malawi radiation became isolated within the catchment during Pliocene rifting that formed both Lake Malawi and the Kipengere/Livingstone mountain range, before colonizing rivers to the south and east of the lake region and radiating within the lake basin. Identification of this sister taxon allows tests of whether standing genetic diversity has predisposed Lake Malawi cichlids to rapid speciation and adaptive radiation.
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Hulsey, C. D., M. C. Mims, and J. T. Streelman. "Do constructional constraints influence cichlid craniofacial diversification?" Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 274, no. 1620 (May 22, 2007): 1867–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2007.0444.

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Constraints on form should determine how organisms diversify. Owing to competition for the limited space within the body, investment in adjacent structures may frequently represent an evolutionary compromise. For example, evolutionary trade-offs between eye size and jaw muscles in cichlid fish of the African great lakes are thought to represent a constructional constraint that influenced the diversification of these assemblages. To test the evolutionary independence of these structures in Lake Malawi cichlid fish, we measured the mass of the three major adductor mandibulae (AM) muscles and determined the eye volume in 41 species. Using both traditional and novel methodologies to control for resolved and unresolved phylogenetic relationships, we tested the evolutionary independence of these four structures. We found that evolutionary change in the AM muscles was positively correlated, suggesting that competition for space in the head has not influenced diversification among these jaw muscles. Furthermore, there was no negative relationship between change in total AM muscle mass and eye volume, indicating that there has been little effect of the evolution of eye size on AM evolution in Lake Malawi cichlids. The comparative approach used here should provide a robust method to test whether constructional constraints frequently limit phenotypic change in adaptive radiations.
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Selz, O. M., and O. Seehausen. "Interspecific hybridization can generate functional novelty in cichlid fish." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 286, no. 1913 (October 23, 2019): 20191621. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2019.1621.

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The role of interspecific hybridization in evolution is still being debated. Interspecific hybridization has been suggested to facilitate the evolution of ecological novelty, and hence the invasion of new niches and adaptive radiation when ecological opportunity is present beyond the parental species niches. On the other hand, hybrids between two ecologically divergent species may perform less well than parental species in their respective niches because hybrids would be intermediate in performance in both niches. The evolutionary consequences of hybridization may hence be context-dependent, depending on whether ecological opportunities, beyond those of the parental species, do or do not exist. Surprisingly, these complementary predictions may never have been tested in the same experiment in animals. To do so, we investigate if hybrids between ecologically distinct cichlid species perform less well than the parental species when feeding on food either parent is adapted to, and if the same hybrids perform better than their parents when feeding on food none of the species are adapted to. We generated two first-generation hybrid crosses between species of African cichlids. In feeding efficiency experiments we measured the performance of hybrids and parental species on food types representing both parental species niches and additional ‘novel’ niches, not used by either of the parental species but by other species in the African cichlid radiations. We found that hybrids can have higher feeding efficiencies on the ‘novel’ food types but typically have lower efficiencies on parental food types when compared to parental species. This suggests that hybridization can generate functional variation that can be of ecological relevance allowing the access to resources outside of either parental species niche. Hence, we provide support for the hypothesis of ecological context-dependency of the evolutionary impact of interspecific hybridization.
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Scholz, T., A. Šimková, J. Rasamy Razanabolana, and R. Kuchta. "The first record of the invasive Asian fish tapeworm (Schyzocotyle acheilognathi) from an endemic cichlid fish in Madagascar." Helminthologia 55, no. 1 (March 1, 2018): 84–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/helm-2017-0052.

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Summary The Asian fish tapeworm, Schyzocotyle acheilognathi (Yamaguti, 1934) (Cestoda: Bothriocephalidea), is an invasive parasite of freshwater fishes that have been reported from more than 200 freshwater fish worldwide. It was originally described from a small cyprinid, Acheilognathus rombeus, in Japan but then has spread, usually with carp, minnows or guppies, to all continents including isolated islands such as Hawaii, Puerto Rico, Cuba or Sri Lanka. In the present account, we report the first case of the infection of a native cichlid fish, Ptychochromis cf. inornatus (Perciformes: Cichlidae), endemic to Madagascar, with S. acheilognathi. The way of introduction of this parasite to the island, which is one of the world’s biodiversity hotspots, is briefly discussed.
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Clement, Ross. "Visualizing Speciation in Artificial Cichlid Fish." Artificial Life 12, no. 2 (January 2006): 243–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/artl.2006.12.2.243.

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The Cichlid Speciation Project (CSP) is an ALife simulation system for investigating open problems in the speciation of African cichlid fish. The CSP can be used to perform a wide range of experiments that show that speciation is a natural consequence of certain biological systems. A visualization system capable of extracting the history of speciation from low-level trace data and creating a phylogenetic tree has been implemented. Unlike previous approaches, this visualization system presents a concrete trace of speciation, rather than a summary of low-level information from which the viewer can make subjective decisions on how speciation progressed. The phylogenetic trees are a more objective visualization of speciation, and enable automated collection and summarization of the results of experiments. The visualization system is used to create a phylogenetic tree from an experiment that models sympatric speciation.
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Kerschbaumer, Michaela, and Christian Sturmbauer. "The Utility of Geometric Morphometrics to Elucidate Pathways of Cichlid Fish Evolution." International Journal of Evolutionary Biology 2011 (May 26, 2011): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2011/290245.

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Fishes of the family Cichlidae are famous for their spectacular species flocks and therefore constitute a model system for the study of the pathways of adaptive radiation. Their radiation is connected to trophic specialization, manifested in dentition, head morphology, and body shape. Geometric morphometric methods have been established as efficient tools to quantify such differences in overall body shape or in particular morphological structures and meanwhile found wide application in evolutionary biology. As a common feature, these approaches define and analyze coordinates of anatomical landmarks, rather than traditional counts or measurements. Geometric morphometric methods have several merits compared to traditional morphometrics, particularly for the distinction and analysis of closely related entities. Cichlid evolutionary research benefits from the efficiency of data acquisition, the manifold opportunities of analyses, and the potential to visualize shape changes of those landmark-based methods. This paper briefly introduces to the concepts and methods of geometric morphometrics and presents a selection of publications where those techniques have been successfully applied to various aspects of cichlid fish diversification.
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Burmeister, Sabrina S., Rashmi G. Munshi, and Russell D. Fernald. "Cytoarchitecture of a Cichlid Fish Telencephalon." Brain, Behavior and Evolution 74, no. 2 (2009): 110–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000235613.

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Escobar-Camacho, Daniel, and Karen L. Carleton. "Sensory modalities in cichlid fish behavior." Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences 6 (December 2015): 115–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2015.11.002.

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Takahashi, Tetsumi, Yasunobu Yanagisawa, and Kazuhiro Nakaya. "Microdontochromis rotundiventralis, a new cichlid fish (perciformes: Cichlidae) from Lake Tanganyika." Ichthyological Research 44, no. 2-3 (June 1997): 109–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02678689.

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Awata, Satoshi, Masanori Kohda, and Haruki Ochi. "Differential attack by a cichlid fish on resident and non-resident fish of another cichlid species." Behaviour 149, no. 1 (2012): 99–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853912x629139.

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AbstractAn algivorous cichlid, Variabilichromis moorii( Vm), defends permanent territories in Lake Tanganyika, Africa. A zoobenthivorous cichlid, Neolamprologus mustax( Nm), spends 60% of daylight hours foraging in Vmterritories, from which other zoobenthivorous fishes are chased out and consequently which are much richer in prey animals than areas outside of Vmterritories. We conducted a field experiment to examine whether Nmresidents and non-residents received different degrees of attacks from Vm. Nmfish were caught in their territories, released at a point distant from these territories, and followed to observe interactions with Vmfish. The frequency of attacks received by the displaced Nmfish was greater than attacks received by Nmresidents, indicating that Nmresidents had easier access to Vmterritories than non-residents did. A possible mechanism for this is reduced aggression of Vmtowards Nmresidents, as a result of the ‘dear enemy’ effect that has been reported in territorial contests between rivals. An alternative mechanism is that tolerance towards Nmdiffers among Vmfish and Nmresidents selectively visit more tolerant Vmfish due to previous experience while non-residents randomly approach both tolerant and hostile Vmfish. The ability of Vmto discriminate between Nmresidents and non-residents is essential to the former mechanism but not to the latter. To more specifically examine which mechanism works in the Vm– Nmcommensal system, we will need to follow individually identified Vmfish interacting with Nmresidents and non-residents.
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Elmer, Kathryn R., Henrik Kusche, Topi K. Lehtonen, and Axel Meyer. "Local variation and parallel evolution: morphological and genetic diversity across a species complex of neotropical crater lake cichlid fishes." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 365, no. 1547 (June 12, 2010): 1763–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2009.0271.

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The polychromatic and trophically polymorphic Midas cichlid fish species complex ( Amphilophus cf. citrinellus ) is an excellent model system for studying the mechanisms of speciation and patterns of phenotypic diversification in allopatry and in sympatry. Here, we first review research to date on the species complex and the geological history of its habitat. We analyse body shape variation from all currently described species in the complex, sampled from six crater lakes (maximally 1.2–23.9 kyr old) and both great lakes in Nicaragua. We find that Midas cichlid populations in each lake have their own characteristic body shape. In lakes with multiple sympatric species of Midas cichlid, each species has a distinct body shape. Across the species complex, most body shape change relates to body depth, head, snout and mouth shape and caudal peduncle length. There is independent parallel evolution of an elongate limnetic species in at least two crater lakes. Mitochondrial genetic diversity is higher in crater lakes with multiple species. Midas cichlid species richness increases with the size and age of the crater lakes, though no such relationship exists for the other syntopic fishes. We suggest that crater lake Midas cichlids follow the predicted pattern of an adaptive radiation, with early divergence of each crater lake colonization, followed by intralacustrine diversification and speciation by ecological adaptation and sexual selection.
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Pariselle, Antoine, Walter A. Boeger, Jos Snoeks, Charles F. Bilong Bilong, Serge Morand, and Maarten P. M. Vanhove. "The Monogenean Parasite Fauna of Cichlids: A Potential Tool for Host Biogeography." International Journal of Evolutionary Biology 2011 (August 13, 2011): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2011/471480.

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We discuss geographical distribution and phylogeny of Dactylogyridea (Monogenea) parasitizing Cichlidae to elucidate their hosts' history. Although mesoparasitic Monogenea (Enterogyrus spp.) show typical vicariant distribution, ectoparasitic representatives from different continents are not considered sister taxa, hence their distribution cannot result from vicariance alone. Because of the close host-parasite relationship, this might indicate that present-day cichlid distribution may also reflect dispersal through coastal or brackish waters. Loss of ectoparasites during transoceanic migration, followed by lateral transfer from other fish families might explain extant host-parasite associations. Because of its mesoparasitic nature, hence not subject to salinity variations of the host's environment, Enterogyrus could have survived marine migrations, intolerable for ectoparasites. Host-switches and salinity transitions may be invoked to explain the pattern revealed by a preliminary morphological phylogeny of monogenean genera from Cichlidae and other selected Monogenea genera, rendering the parasite distribution explicable under both vicariance and dispersal. Testable hypotheses are put forward in this parasitological approach to cichlid biogeography. Along with more comprehensive in-depth morphological phylogeny, comparison with molecular data, clarifying dactylogyridean evolution on different continents and from various fish families, and providing temporal information on host-parasite history, are needed to discriminate between the possible scenarios.
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Karagic, Nidal, Ralf F. Schneider, Axel Meyer, and C. Darrin Hulsey. "A Genomic Cluster Containing Novel and Conserved Genes is Associated with Cichlid Fish Dental Developmental Convergence." Molecular Biology and Evolution 37, no. 11 (June 24, 2020): 3165–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msaa153.

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Abstract The two toothed jaws of cichlid fishes provide textbook examples of convergent evolution. Tooth phenotypes such as enlarged molar-like teeth used to process hard-shelled mollusks have evolved numerous times independently during cichlid diversification. Although the ecological benefit of molar-like teeth to crush prey is known, it is unclear whether the same molecular mechanisms underlie these convergent traits. To identify genes involved in the evolution and development of enlarged cichlid teeth, we performed RNA-seq on the serially homologous-toothed oral and pharyngeal jaws as well as the fourth toothless gill arch of Astatoreochromis alluaudi. We identified 27 genes that are highly upregulated on both tooth-bearing jaws compared with the toothless gill arch. Most of these genes have never been reported to play a role in tooth formation. Two of these genes (unk, rpfA) are not found in other vertebrate genomes but are present in all cichlid genomes. They also cluster genomically with two other highly expressed tooth genes (odam, scpp5) that exhibit conserved expression during vertebrate odontogenesis. Unk and rpfA were confirmed via in situ hybridization to be expressed in developing teeth of Astatotilapia burtoni. We then examined expression of the cluster’s four genes in six evolutionarily independent and phylogenetically disparate cichlid species pairs each with a large- and a small-toothed species. Odam and unk commonly and scpp5 and rpfA always showed higher expression in larger toothed cichlid jaws. Convergent trophic adaptations across cichlid diversity are associated with the repeated developmental deployment of this genomic cluster containing conserved and novel cichlid-specific genes.
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32

VIDAL-MARTÍNEZ, V. M., and R. POULIN. "Spatial and temporal repeatability in parasite community structure of tropical fish hosts." Parasitology 127, no. 4 (October 2003): 387–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182003003792.

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An assessment is made of the repeatability of parasite community structure in space for a marine fish, and in space and time for a freshwater fish from south-eastern Mexico. The marine fish species was the red grouper,Epinephelus morio(collected from 9 localities), and the freshwater species was the cichlid,Cichlasoma urophthalmus(collected from 6 localities: including monthly at 2 localities for 1 year, and bimonthly at 1 locality in 1990 and 1999). Pairwise interspecific associations and analyses of nested patterns in the distributions of parasite species among hosts were used in both fish species, with comparisons over time made only with the cichlid. Positive interspecific associations, and nested patterns were noted in some localities for both fish species, and/or at some sampling times for the cichlid fish. However, non-random patterns in the structure of parasite communities in these 2 host species only were observed sporadically. When present, nestedness in both fish species was apparently linked with a positive association between total infection intensities and fish size. Additionally, adjacent localities were more likely to display similar parasite community structure than distant ones. This preliminary result suggests that distance between localities is an important determinant of predictability in parasite community structure.
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33

Košuthová, L., Ľ. Šmiga, M. Oros, D. Barčák, and P. Košuth. "The pathogenic Asian fish tapeworm, Bothriocephalus acheilognathi Yamaguti, 1934 (Cestoda) in the Red discus (Symphysodon discus)." Helminthologia 52, no. 3 (September 1, 2015): 287–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/helmin-2015-0044.

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Abstract The Asian fish tapeworm, Bothriocephalus acheilognathi Yamaguti, 1934, was detected for the first time in breeding of discus fish Symphysodon discus (Perciformes, Cichlidae), a popular South American cichlid. In examined samples, the adult and juvenile cestodes of B. acheilognathi with mean intensity of infection 30 (range 19 - 47) individuals per fish were found. The infected fish displayed acute behavioral symptoms. Mortality was significant; it reached almost 80 % in youngest age categories. As treatment, praziquantel immersions in dose 2 mg per liter were well tolerated and efficacious. The risk of spreading pathogens via imported fish is actual menace for ornamental breeding fish, therefore, thorough quarantine and prophylactic measures needs to be done by all fish imports and introductions. Import and subsequent release of infected ornamental fish into freshwater ecosystems may represent serious risk for spread and establishment of the parasite in native fish species. This case study illustrates that ornamental fish play also a key role in national and international movements of parasites in freshwater habitats.
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34

Yamada, Fabio Hideki, and Ricardo Massato Takemoto. "Metazoan parasite fauna of two peacock-bass cichlid fish in Brazil." Check List 9, no. 6 (November 1, 2013): 1371. http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/9.6.1371.

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A parasitological study of two freshwater cichlid fish of the genus Cichla (C. kelberi and C. piquiti) from six different aquatic ecosystems in Brazil was performed. Based on the survey, a checklist of the component community of the metazoan parasites of each of the two peacock-bass fish species was produced. Fish were collected from May 2009 to April 2011 in six Brazilian aquatic ecosystems using gillnets of different mesh sizes or angling using standardized effort. In total, six groups of parasites were collected: Monogenea, Digenea, Cestoda, Nematoda, Copepoda and Branchiura. Among the groups of parasites found, nematodes presented the greatest number of species, with seven. The study lists new records of parasites in C. kelberi and C. piquiti, and new biogeography records of parasites in six different aquatic ecosystems in Brazil. The present paper collaborates with the study of conservation biology by adding new records of parasite species.
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35

Lopes, Taise M. "Early development in the mouth-brooding cichlid fish Satanoperca pappaterra (Perciformes: Cichlidae)." Revista de Biología Tropical 63, no. 1 (March 1, 2015): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/rbt.v63i1.14121.

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36

READY, JONATHAN S., and SVEN O. KULLANDER. "Apistogramma eremnopyge, a new species of cichlid fish (Teleostei: Cichlidae) from Peru." Zootaxa 564, no. 1 (July 9, 2004): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.564.1.1.

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Apistogramma eremnopyge, new species, is described from the R o Pintuyacu, R o Itaya drainage (Amazon basin) in Peru. Apistogramma eremnopyge is unique in the genus in possessing a dark blotch on the lower caudal peduncle. It is otherwise most similar to A. bitaeniata, with males possessing extended dorsal fin lappets, and prolonged rays dorsally and ventrally in the caudal fin.
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37

Boileau, Nicolas, Fabio Cortesi, Bernd Egger, Moritz Muschick, Adrian Indermaur, Anya Theis, Heinz H. Büscher, and Walter Salzburger. "A complex mode of aggressive mimicry in a scale-eating cichlid fish." Biology Letters 11, no. 9 (September 2015): 20150521. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2015.0521.

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Aggressive mimicry is an adaptive tactic of parasitic or predatory species that closely resemble inoffensive models in order to increase fitness via predatory gains. Although similarity of distantly related species is often intuitively implicated with mimicry, the exact mechanisms and evolutionary causes remain elusive in many cases. Here, we report a complex aggressive mimicry strategy in Plecodus straeleni , a scale-eating cichlid fish from Lake Tanganyika, which imitates two other cichlid species. Employing targeted sequencing on ingested scales, we show that P. straeleni does not preferentially parasitize its models but—contrary to prevailing assumptions—targets a variety of co-occurring dissimilar looking fish species . Combined with tests for visual resemblance and visual modelling from a prey perspective, our results suggest that complex interactions among different cichlid species are involved in this mimicry system.
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38

Ota, Kazutaka, Mitsuto Aibara, Masaya Morita, Satoshi Awata, Michio Hori, and Masanori Kohda. "Alternative Reproductive Tactics in the Shell-Brooding Lake Tanganyika Cichlid Neolamprologus brevis." International Journal of Evolutionary Biology 2012 (July 19, 2012): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/193235.

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Alternative reproductive tactics (ARTs) are found in several Lake Tanganyika shell-brooding cichlids. Field studies were conducted in the Wonzye population to examine reproductive ecology and ARTs in the Lake Tanganyika shell-brooding cichlid Neolamprologus brevis. We discovered that this fish occurred in both rocky- and sandy-bottom habitats, but in rocky habitats, brood-caring females exclusively occurred in shell-patches that another cichlid species created. All N. brevis of both sexes in the patches were sexually mature, whereas immature males and females with unripe eggs were found frequently in sandy-bottom habitats. Males in sandy-bottom habitats were smaller, but fed more frequently and were in better somatic condition than males in the patches. Similar tendency was found in females. This indicates that N. brevis uses different habitats depending on the stage of its life history, with migration from sandy-bottom habitats to the shell-patches for reproduction. Males in the patches exhibited different behavior patterns: floating above the patches and lying in the patches. The former was larger, more aggressive, and invested less in gonads (relative to body size) than the latter. These results accord with those of other shell-brooding Lake Tanganyika cichlids with ARTs, and they therefore suggest the presence of ARTs in N. brevis.
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39

Kuraku, Shigehiro, and Axel Meyer. "Genomic analysis of cichlid fish ‘natural mutants’." Current Opinion in Genetics & Development 18, no. 6 (December 2008): 551–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gde.2008.11.002.

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40

Seehausen, Ole, Yohey Terai, Isabel S. Magalhaes, Karen L. Carleton, Hillary D. J. Mrosso, Ryutaro Miyagi, Inke van der Sluijs, et al. "Speciation through sensory drive in cichlid fish." Nature 455, no. 7213 (October 2008): 620–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature07285.

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41

MROWKA, WOLFGANG. "Oral Fertilization in a Mouthbrooding Cichlid Fish." Ethology 74, no. 4 (April 26, 2010): 293–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0310.1987.tb00940.x.

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42

Mrowka, Wolfgang. "Egg stealing in a mouthbrooding cichlid fish." Animal Behaviour 35, no. 3 (June 1987): 923–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0003-3472(87)80129-x.

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43

KOCH, MARTIN, JARROD D. HADFIELD, KRISTINA M. SEFC, and CHRISTIAN STURMBAUER. "Pedigree reconstruction in wild cichlid fish populations." Molecular Ecology 17, no. 20 (October 2008): 4500–4511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294x.2008.03925.x.

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44

Poletto, Andréia B., Irani A. Ferreira, Diogo C. Cabral-de-Mello, Rafael T. Nakajima, Juliana Mazzuchelli, Heraldo B. Ribeiro, Paulo C. Venere, Mauro Nirchio, Thomas D. Kocher, and Cesar Martins. "Chromosome differentiation patterns during cichlid fish evolution." BMC Genetics 11, no. 1 (2010): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2156-11-50.

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45

Poletto, Andréia B., Irani A. Ferreira, Diogo C. Cabral-de-Mello, Rafael T. Nakajima, Juliana Mazzuchelli, Heraldo B. Ribeiro, Paulo C. Venere, Mauro Nirchio, Thomas D. Kocher, and Cesar Martins. "Chromosome differentiation patterns during cichlid fish evolution." BMC Genetics 13, no. 1 (2012): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2156-13-2.

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46

Salzburger, Walter. "Understanding explosive diversification through cichlid fish genomics." Nature Reviews Genetics 19, no. 11 (August 15, 2018): 705–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41576-018-0043-9.

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47

Arnott, Gareth, and Robert Elwood. "Probing aggressive motivation in a cichlid fish." Biology Letters 5, no. 6 (August 12, 2009): 762–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2009.0526.

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The duration of startles provides an inverse measure of motivation to resume the previous activity. Here, we use a novel method in which one convict cichlid fish ( Amatitlania nigrofasciata ) of a competing pair was startled independently of the opponent. Fish were given various opponents and the mean startle duration determined. This mean was negatively correlated with the mean use of highly escalated ‘frontal activities’ such as biting and frontal display, but not the less escalated lateral displays or tail beating. Thus the startle duration was a reliable surrogate measure of the most escalated components of aggressive interactions. That is, it provided a motivational probe for aggressiveness of individual fish. Fight motivation is often determined in terms of fight duration or physiological costs for losers, who reveal the costs they are prepared to pay. We discuss various potential advantages of the motivational probe over previous measures, particularly with respect to winners and losers and different times during the interactions.
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48

Lippitsch, Elisabeth, and Norbert Micklich. "Cichlid fish biodiversity in an Oligocene lake." Italian Journal of Zoology 65, sup1 (January 1998): 185–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/11250009809386810.

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49

Thünken, Timo, Nadine Waltschyk, Theo C. M. Bakker, and Harald Kullmann. "Olfactory self-recognition in a cichlid fish." Animal Cognition 12, no. 5 (May 22, 2009): 717–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10071-009-0231-2.

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50

Hedianto, Dimas Angga, and Hendra Satria. "PENDEKATAN POLA PEREMAJAAN DAN LAJU EKSPLOITASI IKAN LOUHAN UNTUK PENGENDALIAN IKAN ASING INVASIF DI DANAU MATANO, SULAWESI SELATAN." Jurnal Penelitian Perikanan Indonesia 23, no. 4 (January 26, 2018): 227. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jppi.23.4.2017.227-239.

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Ikan louhan tergolong jenis ikan hibrid (sehingga tidak dapat ditentukan nama ilmiahnya) dari famili Cichlidae yang terindikasi sebagai ikan asing invasif di Danau Matano. Keberadaan ikan tersebut di Danau Matano perlu dikaji dan dikendalikan untuk menjaga kelestarian keanekaragaman hayati jenis ikan endemik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pola peremajaan dan laju eksploitasi ikan louhan sebagai pendekatan dalam pengendalian ikan asing invasif di Danau Matano, Sulawesi Selatan. Analisis data dilakukan terhadap 2.931 ekor ikan louhan yang ditangkap menggunakan jaring insang percobaan berbagai ukuran mata jaring dilengkapi data enumerator secara bulanan pada bulan Februari hingga November 2016 dengan bantuan perangkat lunak FiSAT II. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa pola pertumbuhan ikan louhan di Danau Matano bersifat alometrik positif. Pertumbuhan mengikuti persamaan Lt=23,67[1-e0,41(t+0,4281)]. Umur maksimum (tmax) mencapai 7,32 tahun dengan performa pertumbuhan (Ø’) sebesar 2,36. Laju mortalitas total (Z) tahunan didapatkan sebesar 1,46 tahun-1. Laju mortalitas penangkapan tahunan (F = 0,38 tahun-1) lebih rendah daripada laju mortalitas alami tahunan (M = 1,08 tahun-1). Laju eksploitasi (E) ikan louhan di Danau Matano hanya sebesar 0,26 tahun-1 dimana menunjukkan bahwa upaya pemanfaatannya masih sangat rendah. Pola peremajaan terjadi dua kali dalam setahun, yaitu pada Mei (16,19%) dan Oktober (6,05%). Upaya pengendalian ikan louhan sebagai ikan invasif di Danau Matano perlu dilakukan pada saat puncak peremajaan tertinggi secara berkesinambungan disertai peningkatan laju eksploitasi e” 48% dari upaya yang ada, terutama pada April-Mei dan September-Oktober di daerah litoral perairan danau.Flowerhorn cichlid is classified as hybrid species (so that the scientific name can’t be determined) from Cichlidae which indicated as invasive alien fish in Lake Matano. The existence of flowerhorn in Lake Matano need to be assessed and controlled to preserve the biodiversity of endemic fish species. This research aims to assess recruitment pattern and utlization status of flowerhorn cichlid for controlling of invasive alien species at Lake Matano, South Sulawesi. Data analysis was carried out on 2,931 flowerhorn Cichlid caught using experimental gillnets of various mesh sizes included enumerators data which recorded monthly from February to November 2016 using FiSAT II software. The analysis resulted the growth pattern of flowerhorn cichlid in Matano louhan Lake was positive allometric. The growth equation of flowerhorn cichlid was Lt=23.67[1-e0,4(t+0.4281)]. Longevity (tmax) attained 7.32 years with growth performance (Ø’) was 2.36. The annual total mortality rate (Z) obtained 1.46 years-1. The annual fishing mortality rate (F = 0.38 years-1) is lower than the annual natural mortality rate (M = 1.08 years-1). Exploitation rate (E) of flowerhorn cichlid in Lake Matano only 0.26 years-1, which was indicated under exploitation. Recruitment pattern occurs twice a year, in May (16.19%) and October (6.05%). The eradication efforts to control population of flowerhorn cichlid as invasive alien species in Lake Matano needs to be done at the peak of recruitment and also increased exploitation rate about e” 48% of existing efforts, especially on April-May and September-October in the littoral area of Lake Matano.
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