Relevant bibliographies by topics / CICR

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
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Academic literature on the topic 'CICR'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 26 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "CICR"

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Cutipa-Limache, Alberto Magno, Inés Miryam Acero Apaza, David Barrial Acosta, Alejandro Ticona Machaca, and Vasílica María Margalina. "Competencias del innovador e innovación en marketing: un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales para empresas manufactureras de muebles de la provincia de Puno (Perú)." Suma de Negocios 13, no. 28 (2022): 10–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.14349/sumneg/2022.v13.n28.a2.

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Introducción/objetivo: el entorno dinámico y competitivo exige a las empresas crear valor mediante la innovación, por lo que el objetivo de la investigación fue explorar si las competencias del innovador de observación (CIO), cuestionamiento (CIC), experimentación (CIE), creación de redes (CICR) afectan a la innovación en marketing (IM) por medio de la competencia del innovador de conexión de ideas (CICI) en las empresas manufactureras de muebles de madera en Puno (Perú). Metodología: el estudio corresponde al enfoque cuantitativo con alcance explicativo y diseño no experimental-transeccional. La muestra fue de 73 dueños o gerentes de las empresas manufactureras de muebles de la provincia de Puno (Perú), a quienes se suministró un cuestionario con 34 ítems. Resultados: los resultados del modelo estructural reflejan que la varianza de la CICI se debe a los efectos positivos de las CIE y CICR. Además, el modelo explica de manera significativa la varianza de IM. Conclusiones: el modelo explica y predice la varianza tanto de la CICI como de la IM. Por otro lado, las CIE y CICR son los que afectan de forma directa y significa en las CICI, y esta a la vez afecta de la misma forma en la IM de las empresas manufactureras de muebles en la Provincia de Puno, Perú.
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Ashby, Michael C., Madeleine Craske, Myoung Kyu Park, et al. "Localized Ca2+ uncaging reveals polarized distribution of Ca2+-sensitive Ca2+ release sites." Journal of Cell Biology 158, no. 2 (2002): 283–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200112025.

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Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release (CICR) plays an important role in the generation of cytosolic Ca2+ signals in many cell types. However, it is inherently difficult to distinguish experimentally between the contributions of messenger-induced Ca2+ release and CICR. We have directly tested the CICR sensitivity of different regions of intact pancreatic acinar cells using local uncaging of caged Ca2+. In the apical region, local uncaging of Ca2+ was able to trigger a CICR wave, which propagated toward the base. CICR could not be triggered in the basal region, despite the known presence of ryanodine receptors. The triggering of CICR from the apical region was inhibited by a pharmacological block of ryanodine or inositol trisphosphate receptors, indicating that global signals require coordinated Ca2+ release. Subthreshold agonist stimulation increased the probability of triggering CICR by apical uncaging, and uncaging-induced CICR could activate long-lasting Ca2+ oscillations. However, with subthreshold stimulation, CICR could still not be initiated in the basal region. CICR is the major process responsible for global Ca2+ transients, and intracellular variations in sensitivity to CICR predetermine the activation pattern of Ca2+ waves.
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Endo, Makoto. "Calcium-Induced Calcium Release in Skeletal Muscle." Physiological Reviews 89, no. 4 (2009): 1153–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00040.2008.

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Calcium-induced calcium release (CICR) was first discovered in skeletal muscle. CICR is defined as Ca2+ release by the action of Ca2+ alone without the simultaneous action of other activating processes. CICR is biphasically dependent on Ca2+ concentration; is inhibited by Mg2+, procaine, and tetracaine; and is potentiated by ATP, other adenine compounds, and caffeine. With depolarization of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), a potential change of the SR membrane in which the luminal side becomes more negative, CICR is activated for several seconds and is then inactivated. All three types of ryanodine receptors (RyRs) show CICR activity. At least one RyR, RyR1, also shows non-CICR Ca2+ release, such as that triggered by the t-tubule voltage sensor, by clofibric acid, and by SR depolarization. Maximum rates of CICR, at the optimal Ca2+ concentration in the presence of physiological levels of ATP and Mg2+ determined in skinned fibers and fragmented SR, are much lower than the rate of physiological Ca2+ release. The primary event of physiological Ca2+ release, the Ca2+ spark, is the simultaneous opening of multiple channels, the coordinating mechanism of which does not appear to be CICR because of the low probability of CICR opening under physiological conditions. The coordination may require Ca2+, but in that case, some other stimulus or stimuli must be provided simultaneously, which is not CICR by definition. Thus CICR does not appear to contribute significantly to physiological Ca2+ release. On the other hand, CICR appears to play a key role in caffeine contracture and malignant hyperthermia. The potentiation of voltage-activated Ca2+ release by caffeine, however, does not seem to occur through secondary CICR, although the site where caffeine potentiates voltage-activated Ca2+ release might be the same site where caffeine potentiates CICR.
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Dyachok, Oleg, та Erik Gylfe. "Ca2+-induced Ca2+ Release via Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate Receptors Is Amplified by Protein Kinase A and Triggers Exocytosis in Pancreatic β-Cells". Journal of Biological Chemistry 279, № 44 (2004): 45455–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m407673200.

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Hormones, such as glucagon and glucagon-like peptide-1, potently amplify nutrient stimulated insulin secretion by raising cAMP. We have studied how cAMP affects Ca2+-induced Ca2+release (CICR) in pancreatic β-cells from mice and rats and the role of CICR in secretion. CICR was observed as pronounced Ca2+spikes on top of glucose- or depolarization-dependent rise of the cytoplasmic Ca2+concentration ([Ca2+]i). cAMP-elevating agents strongly promoted CICR. This effect involved sensitization of the receptors underlying CICR, because many cells exhibited the characteristic Ca2+spiking at low or even in the absence of depolarization-dependent elevation of [Ca2+]i. The cAMP effect was mimicked by a specific activator of protein kinase A in cells unresponsive to activators of cAMP-regulated guanine nucleotide exchange factor. Ryanodine pretreatment, which abolishes CICR mediated by ryanodine receptors, did not prevent CICR. Moreover, a high concentration of caffeine, known to activate ryanodine receptors independently of Ca2+, failed to mobilize intracellular Ca2+. On the contrary, a high caffeine concentration abolished CICR by interfering with inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs). Therefore, the cell-permeable IP3R antagonist 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate blocked the cAMP-promoted CICR. Individual CICR events in pancreatic β-cells were followed by [Ca2+]ispikes in neighboring human erythroleukemia cells, used to report secretory events in the β-cells. The results indicate that protein kinase A-mediated promotion of CICR via IP3Rs is part of the mechanism by which cAMP amplifies insulin release.
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Verma, A., D. J. Hirsch, and S. H. Snyder. "Calcium pools mobilized by calcium or inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate are differentially localized in rat heart and brain." Molecular Biology of the Cell 3, no. 6 (1992): 621–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.3.6.621.

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Calcium-induced calcium release (CICR) pools have been demonstrated in brain and heart microsomes biochemically and autoradiographically by the sensitivity of 45Ca2+ accumulation to Mg2+, ATP, ruthenium red, caffeine, and tetracaine. The CICR pool colocalizes with [3H]ryanodine binding sites, supporting the notion that [3H]ryanodine labels CICR pools. Sites of CICR pools in the brain contrast with those of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3)-sensitive Ca2+ pools with reciprocal localizations between the two Ca2+ pools in several structures. Thus, in the hippocampus CA-1 is enriched in IP3-sensitive Ca2+ pools, whereas CICR pools are highest in CA-3 and the dentate gyrus. The corpus striatum and cerebellum are enriched in IP3 pools, whereas the medial septum and olfactory bulb have high CICR densities. In cardiac tissue, CICR is localized to atrial and ventricular muscle, whereas IP3 pools are concentrated in coronary vessels and cardiac conduction fibers. The reciprocal enrichment of IP3 and CICR Ca2+ pools implies differential regulation of Ca2+ hemostasis in these tissues.
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Johnston, S. L. "CICR '96." IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine 12, no. 1 (1997): 24–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/maes.1997.560332.

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WISSING, Frank, Edmund P. NEROU, and Colin W. TAYLOR. "A novel Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release mechanism mediated by neither inositol trisphosphate nor ryanodine receptors." Biochemical Journal 361, no. 3 (2002): 605–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3610605.

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Members of both major families of intracellular Ca2+ channels, ryanodine and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) receptors, are stimulated by substantial increases in cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]c). They thereby mediate Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release (CICR), which allows amplification and regenerative propagation of intracellular Ca2+ signals. In permeabilized hepatocytes, increasing [Ca2+]c to 10μM stimulated release of 30±1% of the intracellular stores within 60s; the EC50 occurred with a free [Ca2+] of 170±29nM. This CICR was abolished at 2°C. The same fraction of the stores was released by CICR before and after depletion of the IP3-sensitive stores, and CICR was not blocked by antagonists of IP3 receptors. Ryanodine, Ruthenium Red and tetracaine affected neither the Ca2+ content of the stores nor the CICR response. Sr2+ and Ba2+ (EC50 = 166nM and 28μM respectively) mimicked the effects of increased [Ca2+] on the intracellular stores, but Ni2+ blocked the passive leak of Ca2+ without blocking CICR. In rapid superfusion experiments, maximal concentrations of IP3 or Ca2+ stimulated Ca2+ release within 80ms. The response to IP3 was complete within 2s, but CICR continued for tens of seconds despite a slow [half-time (t1/2) = 3.54±0.07s] partial inactivation. CICR reversed rapidly (t1/2 = 529±17ms) and completely when the [Ca2+] was reduced. We conclude that hepatocytes express a novel temperature-sensitive, ATP-independent CICR mechanism that is reversibly activated by modest increases in [Ca2+], and does not require IP3 or ryanodine receptors or reversal of the sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic-reticulum Ca2+-ATPase. This mechanism may both regulate the Ca2+ content of the intracellular stores of unstimulated cells and allow even small intracellular Ca2+ signals to be amplified by CICR.
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Behringer, Erik J., Laura D. Leite, Nickolaus E. Buchholz, et al. "Maturation and long-term hypoxia alters Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release in sheep cerebrovascular sympathetic neurons." Journal of Applied Physiology 107, no. 4 (2009): 1223–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00363.2009.

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The contribution of sympathetic nerves arising from the superior cervical ganglia (SCG) toward the growth and function of cerebral blood vessels is pertinent throughout maturation as well as in response to cardiovascular stress imposed by high-altitude long-term hypoxia (LTH). The function of SCG sympathetic neurons is dependent on intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) signaling, which is strongly influenced by a process known as Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release (CICR) from the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER). In this study, we used the sheep SCG neuronal model to test the hypotheses that maturation decreases CICR and high-altitude LTH depresses CICR in fetal SCG neurons but not in those of the adult. We found that the contribution of CICR to electric field stimulation (EFS)-evoked [Ca2+]i transients was greatest in SCG cells from normoxic fetuses and was abolished by LTH. The decline in CICR was associated with a reduction in sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) function in fetal SCG cells during LTH, reducing SER Ca2+ levels below the threshold needed for the coupling of Ca2+ influx and CICR. With respect to the maturation from the fetus to adult, the decrease in CICR may reflect both a reduction in the levels of ryanodine receptor isoforms 2 and 3 and SERCA function. In response to LTH and in contrast to the fetus, CICR function in adult SCG cells is maintained and may reflect alterations in other mechanisms that modulate the CICR process. As CICR is instrumental in the function of sympathetic neurons within the cerebrovasculature, the loss of this signaling mechanism in the fetus may have consequences for the adaptation to LTH in terms of fetal susceptibility to vascular insults.
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Ouyang, Kunfu, Caihong Wu, and Heping Cheng. "Ca2+-induced Ca2+ Release in Sensory Neurons." Journal of Biological Chemistry 280, no. 16 (2005): 15898–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.c500026200.

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Ca2+-induced Ca2+release (CICR) is a ubiquitous mechanism by which Ca2+release from the endoplasmic reticulum amplifies the trigger Ca2+entry and generates propagating Ca2+waves. To elucidate the mechanisms that control this positive feedback, we investigated the spatial and temporal kinetics and measured the gain function of CICR in small sensory neurons from mammalian dorsal root ganglions (DRGs). We found that subsurface Ca2+release units (CRUs) are under tight local control by Ca2+entry, whereas medullar CRUs as a “common pool” system are recruited by inwardly propagating CICR. Active CRUs often displayed repetitive Ca2+sparks, conferring the ability to encode a “memory” of neuronal activity well beyond the duration of an action potential. Store Ca2+reserve was able to support all CRUs each to fire ∼15 sparks, excluding use-dependent inactivation or store depletion as the major CICR termination mechanism. Importantly, CICR in DRG neurons operated in a low gain, linear regime (gain = 0.54), which conferred intrinsic stability to CICR. Combined with high Ca2+current density (–156 pA/pF at –10 mV), such a low gain CICR system generated large intracellular Ca2+transients without jeopardizing the stability. These findings provide the first demonstration that CICR operating in a low gain regime can be harnessed to provide a robust and graded amplification of Ca2+signal in the absence of counteracting inhibitory mechanism.
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Williams, Jay H., and Christopher W. Ward. "Reduced Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release from skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum at low pH." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 70, no. 6 (1992): 926–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y92-125.

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The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effects of reduced pH on Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release (CICR) from skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). Frog semitendinosus fiber bundles (1–3/bundle) were chemically skinned via saponin treatment (50 μg/mL, 20 min), which removes the sarcolemma and leaves the SR functional. The SR was first depleted of Ca2+ then loaded for 2 min at pCa (log free Ca2+ concentration) 6.6. CICR was then evoked by exposing the fibers to pCa 5–7 for 5–60 s. CICR was evoked both in the absence of ATP and Mg2+ and in the presence of β,γ-methyieneadenosine-5′-triphosphate (AMPPCP, a nonhydrolyzable form of ATP) and Mg2+. Ca2+ remaining in the SR was then assayed via caffeine (25 mM) contracture. In all cases, CICR evoked at pH 6.5 resulted in larger caffeine contractures than that evoked at 7.0, suggesting that more Ca2+ was released during CICR at the higher pH. Accordingly, rate constants for CICR were significantly greater at pH 7.0 than at pH 6.5. These results indicate that reduced pH depresses CICR from skeletal muscle SR.Key words: sarcoplasmic reticulum, skeletal muscle, calcium ions, hydrogen ions, fatigue.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "CICR"

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Garcia, Alexandre Willemin Georges Pitteloud Jean-François Larouk Omar. "Accès en ligne aux inventaires des Archives du CICR étude de faisabilité /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2005. http://www.enssib.fr/bibliotheque/documents/dessride/rsgarcia-web.pdf.

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Ayar, Ahmet. "An investigation of calcium-induced calcium-release (CICR) in cultured rat sensory neurones." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.285521.

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In this study the mechanisms of Ca<sup>2+</sup>-induced-Ca<sup>2+</sup>-release, effects of membrane depolarizations and the actions of pharmacological intracellular Ca<sup>2+</sup>-modulators were examined in cultured rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurones. The whole cell configuration of the patch clamp technique was used to record action potentials, action potential after-potentials and voltage-activated calcium currents, (I<sub>Ca</sub>), calcium-activated chloride currents, (I<sub>CI(Ca)</sub>), and non-selective cation currents, (I<sub>CAN</sub>), under current and voltage clamp recording conditions, respectively. A sub population of DRG neurones expressed action potential after-depolarizations and I<sub>CI(Ca) </sub>tail currents which were due to activation of Ca<sup>2+</sup>-activated Cl<sup>-</sup> channels as a result of Ca<sup>2+</sup> entry. I<sub>CAN </sub>was dominantly activated due to Ca<sup>2+</sup> release from intracellular stores evoked by pharmacological Ca<sup>2+</sup>-releasing agents such as caffeine, ryanodine and dihydrosphingosine. Calcium-activated conductances were identified by estimating reversal potentials of the activated currents, using selective pharmacological blockers and extracellular ionic replacement studies. Calcium-dependence of activated currents was also examined by using high concentration of intracellular Ca<sup>2+</sup> buffer, EGTA, to prevent elevation of intracellular Ca<sup>2+</sup>-levels and by rapidly buffering raised intracellular Ca<sup>2+</sup> using intracellular 'caged Ca<sup>2+</sup> chelator', diazo-2. The involvement of intracellular Ca<sup>2+</sup>- stores was examined by performing experiments in Ca<sup>2+</sup>-free extracellular recording medium and pharmacologically inhibiting release of Ca<sup>2+</sup> from intracellular stores, using dantrolene. Ryanodine had complex actions on DRG neurones, which reflected its ability to mobilize Ca<sup>2+</sup>, deplete Ca<sup>2+</sup> stores, and inhibit Ca<sup>2+</sup> release channels. Ryanodine inhibited action potential after-depolarizations and I<sub>CI(Ca) </sub>tail currents by interacting with intracellular stores and preventing amplification of Ca<sup>2+</sup> signalling by CICR. It was found that CICR observed under physiological conditions in rat DRG neurones involves intracellular Ca<sup>2+ </sup>stores which were sensitive to ryanodine. In addition to ryanodine sensitivity these intracellular Ca<sup>2+</sup> stores could be mobilized by caffeine and dihydrosphingosine.
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Vonèche, Cardia Isabelle. "Les relations entre le Comité international de la Croix-Rouge (CICR) et le gouvernement suisse (1938-1945)." Paris 10, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA100077.

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Depuis sa fondation en 1863, le CICR a entretenu des relations privilégiées avec la Suisse et son gouvernement, basées sur la doctrine et la pratique de la neutralité et sur la perception d'une communauté de destin entre l'institution humanitaire et la Confédération helvétique. Une telle perception, ainsi que l'adhésion à des valeurs politiques communes ressortent de manière particulièrement accentuée pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale, époque à laquelle le CICR et la Suisse jouent leur survie. Ceci a conduit certains historiens à soutenir que l'institution genevoise a été manipulée par le gouvernement suisse, notamment lors de son silence face aux déportations nazies. S'appuyant largement sur des archives et des entretiens avec certains personnalités de l'époque, cette thèse examine les relations entre le CICR et le gouvernement suisse sur le plan des institutions, des interactions personnelles, des processus de prise de décision et des actions humanitaires menées sur le terrain. Elle montre la complexité des rapports entre le CICR et le gouvernement suisse, les rivalités qui ont éclaté, mais aussi le caractère négocié de leurs choix concrets. Surtout, elle met en question la thèse de la manipulation gouvernementale. Confronté à la Shoah, le Comité définit son attitude en tenant compte de divers critères : la sauvegarde de la neutralité et de l’impartialité, essentielles pour son identité et ses possibilités d’action ; le maintien de relations avec les belligérants telles qu'elles puissent assurer la continuité de son travail ; les probabilités de faire une différence pratique ou symbolique ; l’image du CICR en tant qu’autorité morale. Au-delà du problème du silence du CICR face aux déportations, ces critères se combinent avec l’histoire des choix précédents du Comité, la poursuite des valeurs ultimes de l’institution et une attitude systématiquement légaliste pour donner lieu à une délicate symbiose entre le CICR et le gouvernement<br>Since its creation in 1863, the ICRC has maintained a special relationship with Switzerland and its government, based on the pursuit of neutrality and on the perception of a common destiny. Such a perception and the adherence to shared political values were particularly strong during World War II, when the survival of the ICRC and Switzerland was at stake. This has led some historians to argue the ICRC was manipulated by the Swiss government, and that such manipulation explains the former’s silence concerning Nazi deportations. Largely based on archives and interviews with individuals who played a role at the time, the present thesis examines the relations between the ICRC and the Swiss government from the points of view of the institutions, interpersonal connections, decision-making processes, and humanitarian actions. It demonstrates the complexity of those relations, including rivalries and the negotiated character of concrete choices. Above all, it questions the government manipulation thesis. Faced with the Holocaust, the ICRC defined its attitude on the basis of several criteria. It had to safeguard neutrality and impartiality, both essential for its identity and conditions of possibility of its action, ensure the continuity of its work by maintaining good relations with the belligerents, make a practical or symbolic difference, and preserve its status as a moral authority. Beyond the issue of its silence about the Holocaust, those criteria combined with the history of the ICRC’s earlier choices, the pursuit of the institution’s ultimate values, and a systematically legalistic attitude to bring about its symbiosis with the Swiss government
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Poret, Fabian. "Etude du mécanisme de diffusion d'impuretés dans un colamine de nickel (NiW/CiCr) influence sur l'adhérence d'une couche d'oxydes alcalino-terreux." Dijon, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000DIJOS018.

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Ce travail est une contribution à la caractérisation de l'interface métal - triples oxydes d'une cathode a oxydes. La ségrégation superficielle du magnésium et de l'aluminium a été étudiée en comparant deux bandes colaminees d'alliages de nickel ultra-pur. Grace à la mise en œuvre de techniques d'analyses complémentaires : microscopie électronique à balayage (MEB), spectrométrie de masse d'ions secondaires (SIMS), spectroscopie d'électrons auger (AES), microscopie électronique a transmission (TEM), et spectroscopie de décharge luminescente (SDL), un mécanisme de diffusion a été détermine. Sous l'effet d'un traitement thermique, en présence d'une faible pression partielle d'oxygène, le transport du magnésium et de l'aluminium vers la surface conduit à la formation de microprécipités d'oxydes de MgO périclase, MgAl2O4 spinelle et gamma-Al2O3. Ces derniers cristallisent principalement dans les joints de grains. Leur densité de répartition est fonction du mécanisme de recristallisation du nickel. Leur stabilité thermique sous vide varie en fonction de l'origine du métal de base. Les plus stables d'entre-deux joueraient un rôle déterminant vis à vis de l'adhérence du revêtement émissif.
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Kopp, Benedikt Marian Georg [Verfasser], and Jürgen [Akademischer Betreuer] Debus. "New Methods to Evaluate and Reduce Uncertainties in Particle Therapy: From LET Calculation to CICR Planning / Benedikt Marian Georg Kopp ; Betreuer: Jürgen Debus." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1232578169/34.

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Sutanto, Taufik Edy. "Scalable fine-grained document clustering via ranking." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2017. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/107459/1/Taufik%20Edy_Sutanto_Thesis.pdf.

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Dealing with big data, this thesis presents a novel and effective approach of scalable document clustering via ranking. The proposed clustering methods address the high-dimensionality problem in clustering analysis by introducing effective and computationally efficient cluster representations. The clustering via ranking approach is applicable to semi-supervised and unsupervised clustering problems. The proposed methods are applicable to static data as well as streaming data. The methods have been successfully tested with big social media data providing interesting insight.
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Besnaci-Lancou, Fatima. "Les missions du Comité international de la Croix-Rouge (CICR) pendant la guerre d'Algérie et ses suites (1955-1963) en Algérie, au Maroc et en Tunisie." Thesis, Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040229.

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Cette thèse porte sur les missions du Comité international de la Croix Rouge (CICR) pendant la guerre d’Algérie et ses suites. Le CICR intervient, d’une part, dans le cadre de guerres opposant des États et, d’autre part, en cas de conflit armé non international afin de tenter d’assurer le respect des règles humanitaires. Au cours des « évènements » algériens, les arrestations massives de membres et militants du Front de libération nationale (FLN) finissent par saturer les prisons et contribuent à la création de centres d’assignation. Par ailleurs, dès l’indépendance de l’Algérie, des milliers de supplétifs de l’armée française sont internés dans des camps, puis incarcérés pour nombre d’entre eux. L’objectif de ce travail doctoral est l’étude des principales initiatives entreprises par le CICR afin de faire appliquer quelques règles du droit humanitaire aux personnes concernées, pendant les sept années et demi de guérilla et après l’indépendance algérienne. Il est essentiellement question de prisons et de camps d’internement où les délégués contrôlent les conditions matérielles, le traitement et la discipline appliqués aux nationalistes et, plus tard, aux Européens pro-Algérie française arrêtés à partir du début de l’année 1961 ainsi qu’aux anciens supplétifs, de février à août 1963. Il s’agit également d’actions mises en place par le CICR afin d’accéder aux prisonniers français aux mains du FLN. Ce travail aborde également, dans une moindre mesure, diverses actions d’aide humanitaire en direction des populations réfugiées au Maroc ou en Tunisie et des personnes déplacées puis reléguées par l’armée française dans des camps de regroupement<br>This thesis examines the missions of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) during the Algerian War and its aftermath. The ICRC intervenes both in wars between states and in non-international armed conflicts, in an attempt to ensure the respect of humanitarian rules. During the “events” in Algeria, mass arrests of members and militants of the FLN (Algerian National Liberation Front) led to overcrowding in the prisons and was a factor in the establishment of internment camps. Immediately after independence, thousands of Muslim auxiliaries in the French army were interned in camps; many were subsequently imprisoned. This study looks at the main initiatives taken by the ICRC to ensure that the rules of humanitarian law were applied to the people involved during the seven and a half year of guerrilla warfare and after Algeria’s independence. It focuses on prisons and internment camps in which its delegates inspected material conditions and the treatment and discipline applied to nationalists and, later, to Europeans known to be pro French Algeria, who were arrested from the beginning of 1961, and former auxiliaries, interned between February and August 1963. It also examines initiatives taken by the ICRC to gain access to French prisoners in the hands of the FLN and, to a lesser degree, various humanitarian actions to help refugees in Morocco and Tunisia as well as people forcibly displaced by the French army and grouped together in camps
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Stevens, Sarah CW. "Calcium and Cancer: Implications for Cardiovascular Function and Disease." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1337211154.

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Bekcioglu, Aret. "Functional expression and regulation of b-adrenoceptor [beta-adrenoceptor] dependent signalling in human embryonic stem cell derived cardiomyocytes (H1), its interaction with CICR-related mechanisms and cAMP-dependent Ca2+ channels /." Inhaltsverzeichnis, 2008. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=017360276&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.

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Verhaeghe, Linda. "Les Femmes au service de la Paix. De l'établissement de la paix à l'aide humanitaire internationale, leur engagement au sein de l'UNDPKO (United Nations Department of Peace Keeping Operations) et du CICR (Comité International de la Croix-Rouge et du Croissant-Rouge)." Thesis, Paris 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA030089.

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La présente thèse étudie le lien entre la capacité à construire un monde de paix et la place accordée aux femmes dans la société. Elle étudie plus particulièrement les instances dont la charge principale de sauvegarder la paix leur a été confiée par la Communauté Internationale - les Nations Unies et le Comité International de la Croix-Rouge et du Croissant-Rouge - que ce soit au sein de leurs systèmes propres, qu’au sein des programmes et missions conduits par ces dernières à travers le monde. Cette thèse cherche à montrer en quoi la paix est un concept qui ne se caractérise pas uniquement par l’absence de conflit et de destruction entre des nations et des peuples, mais aussi par la construction et le développement de sociétés modernes, libérées, justes, ainsi plus sûres. Et en quoi les inégalités qui touchent les femmes dans l’ensemble des sociétés, le non-respect de leurs droits, ainsi que leur marginalisation dans les milieux de pouvoir, politique et militaire, sont en contrepartie de réels facteurs d’instabilité, d’insécurité et un risque pour la paix mondiale<br>This thesis studies the link between peacebuilding throughout the world and women’s position in society. It studies more particularly the main institutions which were entrusted the responsibility of protecting peace by the International Community – the United Nations and the International Committee of the Red-Cross and the Red-Crescent – within their own system and within programs and missions worldwide. This thesis tries to demonstrate that peace is a concept which is not only characterized by the absence of conflict and destruction between nations and people, but also by the development of modern, freed, right, equal, then safer, societies. And in what, as the disparities between women and men and the disregard of women’s rights, as their marginalization in the political and military circles of powers, threaten world stability and security, and constitute a risk for international peace
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Books on the topic "CICR"

1

Les chemins d'Hébron: Un an avec le CICR en Cisjordanie. L'Harmattan, 2010.

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Une mission impossible?: Le CICR, les déportations et les camps de concentration nazis. Payot, 1988.

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Ababa, Ethiopia) Seminar OAU/ICRC for the Ambassadors Accredited to the OAU (4th 1997 Addis. Cour criminelle internationale: (C.C.I.) : 4ème Séminaire OUA/CICR a l'intention des ambassadeurs accrédités auprès de l'OUA, Addis Abeba, Africa Hall--CEA, 29-30 avril 1997, et commentaire du CICR sur la CCI. Comite international de la Croix Rouge, 1998.

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CIE International Conference of Radar (1996 Beijing, China). 1996 CIE International Conference of Radar: Proceedings (CICR-96), October 8-10, 1996, Beijing, China. Publishing House of Electronics Industry; IEEE, 1996.

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Delorenzi, Simone. La politique du CICR depuis la fin de la guerre froide: Face aux impasses de l'action humanitaire internationale. Comité international de la Croix-Rouge, 1997.

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Toman, Jiří. La Russie et la Croix-Rouge (1917-1945): La Croix-Rouge dans un etat révolutionnaire et l'action du CICR en Russie après la Revolution d'octobre 1917. Institut Henry-Dunant, 1997.

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Kregeloh, Thomas, and Stefan Schönleber. CICS. Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-87801-4.

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Kageyama, Yukihisa. CICS handbook. Intertext Publications, 1989.

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Liz, Ryan. CICS primer. Science Research Associates, 1986.

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Cico c'è. Einaudi, 2004.

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Book chapters on the topic "CICR"

1

Kalmar, Jayne M., Brigid M. Lynch, Christine M. Friedenreich, et al. "Ca2+-Induced Ca2+ Release (CICR)." In Encyclopedia of Exercise Medicine in Health and Disease. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-29807-6_2179.

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Friel, David D. "Three Modes of Calcium-Induced Calcium Release (CICR) in Neurons." In Information Processing in Cells and Tissues. Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5345-8_6.

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Mallikarjuna, Nalini, Clarice Coyne, Seungho Cho, et al. "Cicer." In Wild Crop Relatives: Genomic and Breeding Resources. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-14387-8_4.

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Kregeloh, Thomas, and Stefan Schönleber. "Einleitung." In CICS. Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-87801-4_1.

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Kregeloh, Thomas, and Stefan Schönleber. "Glossar." In CICS. Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-87801-4_10.

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Kregeloh, Thomas, and Stefan Schönleber. "Programmlisten." In CICS. Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-87801-4_11.

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Kregeloh, Thomas, and Stefan Schönleber. "Stapel- und Dialogverarbeitung." In CICS. Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-87801-4_2.

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Kregeloh, Thomas, and Stefan Schönleber. "Die CICS-Welt." In CICS. Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-87801-4_3.

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Kregeloh, Thomas, and Stefan Schönleber. "Die CICS-Funktionen." In CICS. Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-87801-4_4.

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Kregeloh, Thomas, and Stefan Schönleber. "Ein erstes Dialog-Verfahren." In CICS. Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-87801-4_5.

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Conference papers on the topic "CICR"

1

Arif, Serife, Choi-Hong Lai, and Nadarajah Ramesh. "Modelling Stochastic Calcium Waves in Cardiac Myocytes Based on the Two-Pool CICR Model." In 2017 Computing in Cardiology Conference. Computing in Cardiology, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.22489/cinc.2017.315-092.

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WALLACE, D. I., and J. E. TANENBAUM. "SYNCHRONOUS CALCIUM INDUCED CALCIUM RELEASE (CICR) IN A MULTIPLE SITE MODEL OF THE CARDIAC MYOCYTE." In International Symposium on Mathematical and Computational Biology. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814520829_0007.

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Hernández Navarro, Patricia. "Design of information systems as an aid to migrants." In Systems & Design: Beyond Processes and Thinking. Universitat Politècnica València, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ifdp.2016.3218.

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Starting from the official announcement called by the International Committee of the Red Cross and the Universidad Iberoamericana’s Program on Migration for the 1st Contest “Let us help those who aid migrants”, students of the degree course on Graphic Design and an interdisciplinary group of teachers developed a “visual communication system to promote hygiene and health in hostels lodging migrants in transit.”[1] Through the use of a dialectical – reflexive methodology[2] it was possible to implement the reasonable development of a common language for the different disciplines intervening in the design process, taking into account the relationship between sign and images’ comprehension by users. This paper intends to show, by way of the study of a case, the importance of the design processes and of the use of new social tools, such as Ethnography, opening new perspectives in the analysis, perception, interaction and conception of better designs. [1] http://www.crmsv.org/documentos/CICR%20-%20Actividades%20de%20asistencia%202014.pdf [Consulta: 10 de junio de 2013] [sin autoría reconocida] [2] Dietz, G. (2011). “Hacia una Etnografía doblemente reflexiva: una propuesta desde la Antropología de la interculturalidad”. Revista de Antropología Iberoamericana. Vol. 8 No. 1 Enero-abril, Pág.3-26. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/IFDP.2016.3218
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Hummadi, MA, S. Perera, XH Jin, and A. Alashwal. "Selection approaches and methods of construction industry consultant: A systematic literature review." In 10th World Construction Symposium. Building Economics and Management Research Unit (BEMRU), University of Moratuwa, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31705/wcs.2022.58.

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Selecting the most appropriate construction industry consultant (CIC) is a crucial process if projects are going to be successful. However, poor performance of CICs and failure to meet a client's needs are common, and the CIC selection process has not been adequately analysed in previous research. A systematic literature review of the CIC selection process will help to clarify the different approaches and methods. The study concluded with three common approaches for selecting the appropriate CIC: pricebased selection, qualification-based selection, and qualification-price-based selection. The selection approach is conducted either by using a direct or a comparative method. The direct approach is based on reputation or past experience with the client, while the comparative selection method occurs through an evaluation process and a list of selection factors. There are two processes involved in the comparative selection method: interview-based selection process and Multi Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM)-based selection process. However, while there are different opinions about what is the best way to select a consultant, the authors assert that the ideal process depends mainly on client and project conditions. Future study is recommended on this topic. This study contributes to the literature on the CIC selection and open the door to further studies such as developing a new selection approach or method and studying factors and criteria of CIC selection.
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Mondal, Anirban, Atul Singh, Nimmi Rangaswamy, Tridib Mukherjee, and Deepthi Chander. "CitR." In the Posters & Demos Session. ACM Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2678508.2678525.

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Wang, Daibin, Haixia Yao, Yingjiu Li, Hai Jin, Deqing Zou, and Robert H. Deng. "CICC." In WiSec'15: 8th ACM Conference on Security & Privacy in Wireless and Mobile Networks. ACM, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2766498.2766518.

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"CICT 2018." In 2018 4th International Conference on “Computational Intelligence & Communication Technology (CICT). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ciact.2018.8480131.

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Tangjianfeng, Huangxianbin, and Wangjicheng. "Research of mainframe CICS application integration using CICS SCA." In the 2nd International Conference. ACM Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1655925.1656158.

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"CICT 2018 Preface." In 2018 4th International Conference on “Computational Intelligence & Communication Technology (CICT). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ciact.2018.8480124.

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"CICT 2018 Preface." In 2018 4th International Conference on Computational Intelligence & Communication Technology (CICT). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ciact.2018.8480145.

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Reports on the topic "CICR"

1

Rekhter, Y. CIDR and Classful Routing. RFC Editor, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc1817.

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Myatt, R. L., and P. G. Marston. DC CICC retrofit magnet. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6830138.

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DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE WASHINGTON DC. Counterintelligence Awareness and Reporting (CIAR). Defense Technical Information Center, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada545872.

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Topolcic, C. Status of CIDR Deployment in the Internet. RFC Editor, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc1467.

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Ali, Ayman, Ahmed Saidi, Yusef Mehta, et al. Development and validation of a balanced mix design approach for CIR mixtures using full-scale testing. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/45704.

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The main goal of this study was to improve the performance of cold in-place recycling (CIR) mixtures by using a balanced mix design (BMD) approach. This study involved preparing and testing CIR mixtures in the lab at varying contents of bituminous additives and constant content of 1% ce-ment and 3% water. Eight combinations of CIR mixtures were produced for this study using two binders (emulsion and foamed asphalt), compaction efforts (30 and 70 gyrations), and curing processes (72 hours at 140°F and 50°F). Results showed that asphalt pavement analyzer, semicircular bend, and indirect tensile strength tests presented the highest correlation with the change of binder contents. The study successfully used the developed BMD for designing CIR mixtures and selecting their optimum binder contents. It then used three balanced CIR mixtures to construct full-scale pavement sections to validate the BMD approach in the field. A heavy vehicle simulator was used to apply different accelerated loadings on each section. Results showed that the CIR section with 2% binder presented the best rutting performance under truck loading and the highest rutting susceptibility under aircraft loading. Conversely, the CIR section with 3% binder presented the highest cracking resistance under both truck and aircraft loading.
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Rekhter, Y., and T. Li. An Architecture for IP Address Allocation with CIDR. RFC Editor, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc1518.

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Hunke, Elizabeth Clare. CICE Consortium Progress Report, June 2018 - December 2019. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1581266.

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Griffiths, Rebecca, Jessie Brown, and Christine Mulhern. CIC Consortium for Online Humanities Instruction. Ithaka S+R, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18665/sr.274369.

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Myatt, R. L., and P. G. Marston. DC CICC retrofit magnet. Quarterly progress report, July 1992. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10109671.

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Thompson, Marshall, and Ramez Hajj. Flexible Pavement Recycling Techniques: A Summary of Activities. Illinois Center for Transportation, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/21-022.

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Cold in-place recycling (CIR) involves the recycling of the asphalt portions (including hot-mix asphalt and chip, slurry, and cape seals, as well as others) of a flexible or composite pavement with asphalt emulsion or foamed asphalt as the binding agent. Full-depth reclamation (FDR) includes the recycling of the entire depth of the pavement and, in some cases, a portion of the subgrade with asphalt, cement, or lime products as binding agents. Both processes are extensively utilized in Illinois. This project reviewed CIR and FDR projects identified by the Illinois Department of Transportation (IDOT) from the Transportation Bulletin and provided comments on pavement designs and special provisions. The researchers evaluated the performance of existing CIR/FDR projects through pavement condition surveys and analysis of falling weight deflectometer data collected by IDOT. They also reviewed CIR/FDR literature and updated/modified (as appropriate) previously provided inputs concerning mix design, testing procedures, thickness design, construction, and performance as well as cold central plant recycling (CCPR) literature related to design and construction. The team monitored the performance of test sections at the National Center for Asphalt Technology and Virginia Department of Transportation. The researchers assisted IDOT in the development of a CCPR special provision as well as responded to IDOT inquiries and questions concerning issues related to CIR, FDR, and CCPR. They attended meetings of IDOT’s FDR with the Cement Working Group and provided input in the development of a special provision for FDR with cement. The project’s activities confirmed that CIR, FDR, and CCPR techniques are successfully utilized in Illinois. Recommendations for improving the above-discussed techniques are provided.
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