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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Cigarettes'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Ho, Shi-king. "Cigarette smuggling in Hong Kong." [Hong Kong] : University of Hong Kong, 1994. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B1612117X.

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2

Batey, Jacqueline. "The safe cigarette : visual strategies of reassurance in American advertisements for cigarettes, 1945-1964." Thesis, University of Brighton, 2003. https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-safe-cigarette(a1dd0e71-ce49-4441-aab6-297bdd958c1c).html.

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This Practice-Based Ph.D. thesis is in two sections, the written element presented as a sequence of eight Fascicles, and the practical element presented as an inter-related set of nine Artist’s Books and Multiples. This thesis presents a series of Artist’s Books and Multiples of graphic expressions of anxiety, each informed by a comparative study presented as a sequence of Fascicles of the visual strategies used to advertise cigarettes in America in mass-circulation magazines between 1945 and 1964. The thesis is presented as a boxed object containing the eight Fascicles (each containing a Gate

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3

Ho, Shi-king, and 何仕景. "Cigarette smuggling in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1994. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31977650.

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4

Klemperer, Elias Mushabac. "A Randomized Trial to Compare Switching to Very Low Nicotine Content Cigarettes Versus Reducing Cigarettes Per Day." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2019. https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/922.

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Smoking cigarettes is the most preventable cause of death in the US. Smokers are often unsuccessful at quitting because they are dependent. Reducing nicotine could be one way to reduce dependence. Currently, reducing cigarettes per day (CPD) is the most common strategy to reduce nicotine intake. However, some have proposed switching to very low nicotine content (VLNC) cigarettes to reduce nicotine and dependence. Both reducing CPD and switching to VLNC cigarettes aim to reduce nicotine but do so in different ways. I conducted a randomized trial to compare the degree to which switching to VLNC

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5

Hon, Kam-yuen Dennis. "Economic analysis on cigarette market in China." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2003. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31954649.

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6

Kim, Kilsun. "Investigations of Electronic Cigarette Chemistry: 1. Formation Pathways for Degradation Products Using Isotopic Labeling; and 2. Gas/Particle Partitioning of Nicotine and Flavor Related Chemicals in Electronic Cigarette Fluids." PDXScholar, 2017. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3944.

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Use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) is rapidly growing around the world. E-cigarettes are commonly used as an alternative nicotine delivery system, and have been advocated as generating lower levels of harmful chemicals compared to conventional cigarettes. Cigarette smoke-like aerosols are generated when e-cigarettes heat e-liquids. The main components of e-cigarette liquids are propylene glycol (PG) and glycerol (GL) in a varying ratio, plus nicotine and flavor chemicals. Both PG and GL are considered safe to ingest in foods and beverages, but the toxicity of these chemicals in aeroso

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7

Wong, Pui Shan Patrica. "A study of the text-image relations of health warnings on cigarette packets and their effectiveness among universtiy student." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2008. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/950.

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8

Stephens, Raymond Peter, and rays@turningpoint org au. "Why alcohol and drug treatment workers smoke cigarettes." RMIT University. Health Sciences, 2007. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20080521.122401.

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A grounded theory approach was used to explore the reasons why staff who work in alcohol and drug treatment services smoke cigarettes. Eleven in-depth interviews were conducted with staff in Victoria across a variety of service types and roles. Data gathered from the interviews were analysed and grouped into categories. From analysis of the interviews it appeared that cigarette smoking is given legitimacy in the alcohol and drug treatment field that reinforces its place in these services. Legitimacy was evident in three main ways - Permission, a Therapeutic Tool and Rewards. Permission

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9

Kolonen, Sakari. "Low-yield cigarettes : smoke exposure and puffing behaviour /." Kuopio : University of Kuopio : Kuopio University Library [jakaja], 1992. http://bibpurl.oclc.org/web/23605.

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10

Kinouani, Shérazade. "La cigarette électronique chez les étudiants : trajectoires de consommation et profils d’usage." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0382.

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Introduction : L’usage chronique de tabac est une pratique nocive pour la santé, favorisée par l’installation d’une addiction. Les e-cigarettes sont des dispositifs électroniques pouvant délivrer de la nicotine destinée à être inhalée. Un récent essai clinique suggère qu’elles pourraient être plus efficaces que les traitements de substitution nicotinique pour obtenir l’arrêt du tabac chez les fumeurs adultes. L’absence de combustion en fait aussi une alternative dans la réduction des risques et des dommages liés au tabac. Ces bénéfices potentiels pour les fumeurs restent néanmoins à confirmer.

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11

Bergsten, Therese. "Cigaretten : en resa genom tid och samhällsförändringar." Thesis, Gotland University, Department of Human Geography and Ethnology, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hgo:diva-137.

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<p>My essay explores the public view on smoking in Sweden over the last few decades. I've studied how changes in social structures through media, laws, studies and education has brought about a change in the opinions about smoking. I found that even though there have always been different opinions on smoking it seems to have become less accepted in the Swedish society, particularly in the past twenty years. I discuss the different reason as to why (and how) the view on smoking might have changed the last decades amongst the Swedish people. To be able to do this I have done interviews on which

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12

Osibogun, Olatokunbo. "Poly-tobacco Use Among Youth and Adults in the United States." FIU Digital Commons, 2019. https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3968.

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This dissertation 1) described prevalence and correlates of poly-tobacco use among US youth and young adults; 2) addressed positive and negative transitions of e-cigarettes among US youth and adults and 3) examined the 2-year transition of dual e-cigarette/cigarette use among US adults in relation to nicotine dependence (ND) symptoms, interest in quitting, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) factors. Data from 2013-2016 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study were used. In the first study, 3.6% of youth (12-17years) and 18.3% of young adults (18-34years) were current poly-tobacco

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13

Dupont, de Rivaltz Cédric Evenor Jackson John D. "The impact of tobacco taxation on cigarette consumption: a case study of France." Auburn, Ala., 2006. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/Send%2012-15-07/DUPONT_DE_25.pdf.

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14

Zhang, Ying, and 張穎. "Can electronic cigarettes increase smoking cessation? : a systematic review." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/206976.

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Background: Over the past ten years or so, there is a huge increase in the popularity of electronic cigarettes around the world. Some people regard e-cigarettes as a tobacco substitute and use them to help smoking abstinence and relieve nicotine withdrawal symptom. On the other hand, there are those who believe that e-cigarettes should not be promoted since safety and efficacy of these battery-operated devices are still under investigation. Hence, this project aims to evaluate the effect of using electronic cigarettes to quit smoking among the conventional smokers. Methods: This project used

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15

Theakstone, Kirkham Andrew Jonathan. "Smoking and the use of lower tar yield cigarettes." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1988. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/844124/.

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The aim of this thesis was to investigate smoking behaviour in a population of habitual cigarette smokers. Measurements were made 5 times, at intervals of 4 weeks whilst smoking cigarettes with tar yields above 10 mg. After switching to lower yield cigarettes (reductions of at least 3 mg tar and 0.2 mg nicotine) a further 6 visits were made at intervals of 6 weeks. A group of subjects followed the same protocol but without switching. Tobacco smoke uptake was estimated by measuring pre and post-smoking plasma nicotine, cotinine, carboxyhaemoglobin (HbCO) and expired carbon monoxide (infinity).

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16

McIntire, Jean. "State anti-smoking legislation and the demand for cigarettes." Oberlin College Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 1994. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=oberlin1357151500.

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17

Bergeria, Cecilia L. "Evaluating The Utility Of The Modified Cigarette Evaluation Questionnaire And The Cigarette Purchase Task For Predicting Acute Relative Reinforcing Efficacy In Cigarettes Which Vary In Nicotine Content." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2018. https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/924.

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Rationale: Nicotine is the addictive component in cigarettes which maintains cigarette smoking that subsequently leads to morbidity and mortality. There are growing regulatory efforts to lower the nicotine content in cigarettes so that they are minimally addictive. Valid methods for assessing the abuse liability of cigarettes are essential to these efforts. While subjective effect measures and hypothetical purchase tasks are appealing because they are far easier to administer, it is unclear whether these methods can be used to evaluate acute relative reinforcing, a critical component of abuse

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18

Ige, Teminijesu. "The Influence of Internet Information on the Knowledge, Attitudes, Behavioral Intentions and Past Behavior of Young Adults with regard to Electronic Cigarettes (E-cigarettes)." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1468512722.

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19

Hon, Kam-yuen Dennis, and 韓金元. "Economic analysis on cigarette market in China." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31954649.

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20

L'Insalata, Alexa Mary. "E-Cigarette Use among Individuals Diagnosed with an Eating Disorder." Oberlin College Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=oberlin1495644601493472.

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21

Ahmed, Sadeq Mohamed, and Kamran Vaziri. "Price elasticity of demand for cigarettes : The Case of Sweden." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Nationalekonomi, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-14649.

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Due to health problems and the negative externalities associated with cigarette consumption, many governments try to discourage cigarette consumption by increasing its price through taxation. However, cigarette, like the other addictive goods, is viewed as that it is not sensitive to demand rules and the market forces. This study analyses the effect of price increase on cigarette consumption. We used Swedish time series data from 1970 to 2010. Our results reveal that though cigarette is addictive substance its demand is sensitive to changes in the price. Estimates from this study indicate shor

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22

Mhazo, Pakhani. "Knowledge, Perceptions and Attitudes of Young Adults Towards Electronic-cigarettes." Master's thesis, Faculty of Health Sciences, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31094.

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Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are deemed to be safer than tobacco cigarettes because they do not contain a number of toxicants and carcinogens that are present in tobacco cigarettes. However, their long-term health effects are unknown. Despite concerns surrounding this, there has been a rapid market penetration of e-cigarettes worldwide. South Africa has no legislation which specifically controls the marketing, sale and use of e-cigarettes and concerns have been raised over the increasing use of e-cigarettes by youth, who are often attracted to these novel products. This study is one of

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23

Ali, Sarvath. "Electronic cigarettes smoking among youth, its trend and factors associated." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1490354340016325.

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24

Leung, Mei-hung, and 梁美紅. "The effectiveness of cigarette tax increase on smoking cessation." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B46938941.

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25

Sanderson, Zachary W. "Burning a Hole in Your Pocket: the Effect of Smoking Cigarettes on Wages." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1543848326507365.

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26

Anderson, Lynn M. "Delivery of Smoke Toxicants from Cigarettes Made in Developed and Developing Countries: a comparison of U.S. full flavor and ultra light brands with Syrian cigarettes." VCU Scholars Compass, 2005. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/972.

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Clinical research is needed to understand how cigarette toxicant yield affects smoker toxicant exposure. While there is much clinical research on yield and exposure in developed countries, there is little in developing countries. Forty smokers completed one, 4-hour session to compare yield and exposure of different cigarettes. Participants smoked three cigarettes under controlled topography conditions: one U.S. 111 flavor, one U.S. ultra light, and one Syrian cigarette, with 90 minutes between cigarettes. Sessions differed by Syrian brand; 21 participants smoked Alhamraa while 19 smoked A1 Sha

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27

Geist, Thomas. "A Survey of Healthcare Providers’ Attitudes and Knowledge on E-cigarettes Based On Evidence-Based Practice." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1533656577013985.

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28

Nwabueze, Christian, Liang Wang, Fenose Osedeme, et al. "Understanding the association between susceptibility to smoke e-cigarettes and the actual use of e-cigarette among school-going youths in rural appalachia." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7675.

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Background: The Central Appalachian region of the United States is disproportionately burdened with high prevalence of tobacco use and tobacco-induced diseases. Efforts to address tobacco use in the region have become complicated with uptake of Electronic Nicotine Products (ENPs), including e-cigarettes, among adolescents and young adults. The high prevalence of tobacco use, and the history of tobacco production have created a high-risk environment for the use of tobacco and ENP among adolescents in the region. However, research on how susceptibility to use e-cigarettes among school-going adol

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29

Sandberg, Amanda, and Linnea Tjernberg. "En ansvarsfull cigarettförpackning." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Medie- och Informationsteknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-167151.

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Rökning är en ovana som många personer ägnar sig åt, det speglas inte minst på gatorna vart man än går. Fimpar på gator runt om i städer är en miljöbov som sällan uppmärksammas. Trots att det finns allmänna askkoppar för fimparna att slängas i, hamnar de ofta på gatan och blir en fara för djur och natur. Denna studie syftar på att ta fram ett designförslag på hur en omkonstruerad cigarettförpackning, som rymmer cigarettfimpar, kan se ut. Det undersöks även hur en cigarettförpacknings konstruktion kan uppmana konsumenter att inte slänga fimpar på marken, vilket i stort kan ha en positiv effekt

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30

Davies, Gareth Mark. "Cravings for cigarettes and cognitive performance in regular and occasional smokers." Thesis, Swansea University, 2001. https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa42549.

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Aim. The primary aim of this thesis was to investigate the reliability and validity of a multi-dimensional subjective measure of cravings for cigarettes - the Questionnaire of Smoking Urges (QSU - Tiffany & Drobes, 1991) in cigarette smokers. Another aim was to investigate the sensitivity and utility of objective, behavioural measures of the urge to smoke. Finally, an attempt was made to resolve the controversy as to whether the reported cognitive-enhancing effect of nicotine (e.g. Wesnes & Warburton, 1983) is a pharmacological effect or is instead merely the result of relief from withdrawal.

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31

Weiss, Lauren Nicole. "An Experimental Evaluation of Two Varying Yield Cigarettes on Nicotine Dependence." OpenSIUC, 2020. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/2694.

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In the current investigation, nicotine yield in variations of cigarettes was altered in an attempt to directly affect nicotine dependence levels among participants. The purpose of the current study was to determine the effect of cigarette yield on participant’s reported levels of dependence through a series of self-report measures and weekly monitoring of carbon monoxide levels. Primary measurements used consisted of a cigarette purchase task tracking the fluctuation in demand of cigarettes, as well as the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence and Wisconsin Inventory of Smoking Dependence Mo

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32

Tam, Kam Chuen. "Adolescent cigarette smoking and social marketing." HKBU Institutional Repository, 1996. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/57.

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33

Tonn, Heidi Marie. "Smoking room, cigarettes and the creation of community among girls who smoke." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0004/MQ41387.pdf.

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34

Norman, Ruth Trexler. "Contest for the meanings of science in the debate over framing cigarettes." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 219 p, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1251905271&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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35

Kilumelume, Micheal. "Effect of increased reliance on specific excise on the consumption of cigarettes." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29383.

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Research has shown that specific tax is more effective in discouraging the behavior of smoking than ad valorem tax. This paper makes use of panel data on 39 countries to investigate the impact of increased reliance on specific tax on cigarette consumption. The data used includes 21 countries, from six WHO regions, that increased their reliance on specific tax between 2008 and 2016. The fixed effects and random effects models are employed to estimate the extent to which a change in the specific share of excise tax changes the per capita consumption of cigarettes. According to the results, a one

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36

Alanazi, Humidah. "The effects of electronic cigarettes on human gingival cells and Candida albicans." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/66703.

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Plusieurs alternatives ont été mises au point pour réduire les effets de la cigarette sur la santé buccale et générale. La plus récente de ces initiatives est la cigarette électronique. Plusieurs études montrent que la cigarette électronique contient moins de produits toxiques comparativement à la cigarette standard. Ces études concluent que la cigarette électronique est moins nocive pour la santé. Cependant, d’autres études émettent des doutes sur l’innocuité de la cigarette électronique étant donné la présence de multiples produits chimiques. Ces derniers peuvent interagir négativement avec

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37

El, Shahawy Omar. "Impact of E-cigarettes on Physician Recommendations of Tobacco Use Cessation Pharmacotherapy." VCU Scholars Compass, 2015. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3945.

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Introduction: E-cigarettes have been marketed as smoking cessation aids and harm reduction strategies. Prior regional surveys found that physicians are recommending them to patients despite the lack of evidence supporting these industry claims. Yet, little is known about physicians’ beliefs regarding e-cigarettes and whether these beliefs are associated with them recommending e-cigarette use in clinical practice. Methods: This three-manuscript dissertation used a mixed-methods approach including both qualitative and quantitative research methods. The aims were to: (1) Uncover the factors assoc

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38

Schaal, Courtney. "Regulation of nAChRs and Stemness by Nicotine and E-cigarettes in NSCLC." Scholar Commons, 2016. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6582.

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Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death in both men and women, nationally and internationally and kills more people each year than breast, prostate, and colon cancers combined. Non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) is the most common histological subtype of lung cancer, and accounts for 85% of all cases. Cigarette smoking is the single greatest risk factor for lung cancer, and is correlated with 80-90% of all lung cancer deaths. Nicotine, the addictive component of tobacco smoke, is not a carcinogen and cannot initiate tumors itself; however, it is known to act as a tumor prom

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39

Eguae, Eniye Emmanuel. "Factors Associated with Menthol Cigarettes Smoking Among Youths Ages 12 to 19." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/5184.

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Menthol is added to cigarettes to make smoking more convenient. Menthol is considered a contributing factor that makes smoking appealing to youths and their continuous smoking initiation, which progresses to regular cigarette smoking and addiction, especially among youths ages 12 to 19. Menthol encourages approximately 4,000 youths to experiment with smoking daily in the United States, of which approximately 1,000 become active smokers. Not enough is known regarding the influence of menthol on youth smoking initiation/smoking behavior. A quantitative analysis of data from the 2014 National You

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40

Omarjee, Momeena. "Electronic nicotine delivery systems : approach to regulation in South Africa." University of the Western Cape, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5334.

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>Magister Scientiae - MSc<br>Background: The explosion in the popularity and use of e- cigarettes over the last decade has raised concerns and incited intense discussions over their safety, efficacy and potential public health impact. Globally there is dramatic variation in the approach to regulation, with certain jurisdictions attempting to regulate e-cigarettes either as tobacco products, medicines, consumer products or poisons whilst others have banned their use and sale. The aim of this study was to review the e-cigarette regulatory strategies adopted by the World Health Organisation, Aust

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41

Lechasseur, Ariane. "Pulmonary and systemic effects of electronic cigarette use." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/70279.

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Le marché de la cigarette électronique est en constante expansion. La majorité des utilisateurs de cigarette électronique sont également des fumeurs de cigarette de tabac. Un nombre croissant de jeunes commencent à utiliser la cigarette électronique, sans avoir fumé la cigarette de tabac au préalable. Outre le propylène glycol et le glycérol, le liquide de la cigarette électronique peut contenir différentes concentrations de nicotine et se décliner dans près de 15 000 mélanges de saveurs. Le glycérol est un substrat métabolique impliqué dans la production de glucose en période de jeûne, et de

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42

Kittaneh, Ahmad Azzam. "Examining the Effects of Internalizing and Externalizing Symptoms, and Gender, on Subsequent Tobacco Product Use." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1619009322398511.

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43

Lawan, Boonyamanond Junya Pattara-archachai. "Effects of cigarette smoking on severity of periodontal disease among male taxi motor-cyclists in thung kru district, Bangkok /." Abstract, 1999. http://mulinet3.li.mahidol.ac.th/thesis/2542/42E-LawanB.pdf.

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44

Scollo, Michelle. "Illicit tobacco in Australia: how big is the problem, does it matter and how should its use be monitored?" Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/11448.

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This thesis aimed to establish how best to monitor use of illicit tobacco in Australia and to provide the best possible estimate of extent of use. Six sets of studies were conducted to analyse the literature, examine the characteristics of users, assess the relationship between use of illicit tobacco and smoking cessation and to quantify extent of use and availability from retail outlets. Industry-funded, less transparent studies produced consistently higher estimates of extent of use. Australians who smoke unbranded tobacco are more likely to be male, <50 years old, heavier smokers and dual u

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45

Beauval, Nicolas. "Evaluation de l'impact sanitaire des cigarettes électroniques : caractérisation physicochimique des e-liquides et e-vapeurs." Thesis, Lille 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL2S015/document.

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La cigarette électronique est installée sur le marché depuis plusieurs années et jouit aujourd’hui d’une forte notoriété. Les données scientifiques existantes tendent à considérer l’e-cigarette comme moins toxique que son homologue principal, la cigarette conventionnelle. Cependant, l’impact intrinsèque du vapotage sur la santé humaine, à court et long terme, n’est pas précisément connu et est actuellement au coeur de nombreux débats de Santé Publique.Depuis 2014, nous menons un projet dont l’objectif principal est d’étudier l’impact sanitaire de la cigarette électronique au moyen d’une approc

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46

Sample, Hilary Gayle. "The Effect of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems on the Vocal Folds." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1560288560508.

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47

Harvanko, Arit M. "THE BEHAVIORAL EFFECTS OF FIRST-GENERATION ELECTRONIC CIGARETTES AFTER 24-HOUR TOBACCO DEPRIVATION." UKnowledge, 2015. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/psychology_etds/73.

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Little is currently known about the ability of electronic cigarettes to manage tobacco withdrawal symptoms and their abuse liability. In the current study eight conventional cigarette smokers completed nine within-subject study sessions. In the first session participants practiced using an electronic cigarette containing 16 mg/ml of nicotine over six 10-puff bouts. Remaining study sessions were comprised of four two-day blocks (one for each condition), which assessed measures of tobacco withdrawal symptoms and abuse liability following unrestricted cigarette smoking and 24-hour tobacco depriva

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48

Hiler, Marzena M. "Electronic Cigarette User Plasma Nicotine Concentration and Puff Topography: Influence of Liquid Nicotine Concentration and User Experience." VCU Scholars Compass, 2016. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4613.

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Electronic cigarettes (ECIGs) aerosolize an often nicotine-containing solution for user inhalation. ECIG nicotine delivery may depend on liquid nicotine concentration and user puffing behavior (topography). This study examined the relationship among liquid nicotine concentration, puff topography, and plasma nicotine concentration. Thirty-three ECIG-experienced and 31 ECIG-naïve individuals completed four laboratory sessions that differed by ECIG liquid nicotine concentration (0, 8, 18, or 36 mg/ml). A 3.3 volt “eGo” ECIG battery attached to a 1.5 Ohm dual coil “cartomizer” filled with 1 ml of

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49

Ali, Henna. "Overcoming barriers faced by smokers in quitting cigarettes & a portfolio of professional practice." Thesis, City University London, 2010. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/1086/.

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Hjelmström, Anna. "Use of electronic cigarettes among patients with ischemic heart disease at Örebro University hospital." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-48461.

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