Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Cimetières'
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Friboulet, Muriel. "Les cimetières du village gaulois d'Acy-Romance (Ardennes)." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010617.
Full textEight quadrangular enclosures, contained in total 130 graves with crematory remains, were completely excavated in the site of Acy-Romance, south of Ardennes department, between 1988 and 1994, by B. Lambot and co-workers. These family cemeteries are enclosed with large ditches, and are situated around a vast open settlement occupied during the late La Tène period, both excavated from 1988. The first part of this work is devoted to the typologic study of mortuary artefacts, essentially ceramics and brooches, to establishment relative chronology and datation of graves, then to determine the development in each enclosure. The results show a continuous occupation between the end of La Tène moyenne and the end of Augustan period. The second part considers mortuary practices : forms and dimensions of graves, external structures (funeral constructions), treatment and place granted to human remains and to animal bones (traces of food), assemblages and using of pottery, then description and analysis for other artefacts : ornaments, coins, craftsmen's tools, weapons. All these data ofter the possibility for a restitution of mortuary ritual, and reflect social organisation and evolution in this village belonged to remi. A partial anthropological study proves that men, women and children were buried in the same enclosures, and sometimes in the same grave, but in each cemetery appears evidence for a social hierarchy
Sansilbano-Collilieux, Montserrat. "Biologie et espace funéraire au Moyen-Age : les nécropoles de l'ancien évêché de Poitiers (fin IVème siècle) et Saint Martin-de-Cognac (VIIe-XVe siècles)." Bordeaux 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR10601.
Full textGuillon, Mark. "Anthropologie de terrain et paléodémographie : études méthodologiques sur les grands ensembles funéraires : applications au cimetière médiéval de Tournedos-Portejoie (Eure)." Bordeaux 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR11791.
Full textGuillon, Mark. "Anthropologie de terrain et paléodémographie : études méthodologiques sur les grands ensembles funéraires : applications au cimetière médiéval de Tournedos-Portejoie (Eure)." Bordeaux 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR10686.
Full textPierret, Philippe. "Mémoires, mentalités religieuses, art funéraire." Paris, EPHE, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EPHE5038.
Full textThe Jewish epitaphs collection of the Dieweg, like a stone library among which the books were written by a community of men and women originating from fifteen countries, will be the foundations of this thesis. The epitaphs, studied like plain documents from which we should have pulled out the historical, sociological, epigraphic and artistic marks, will cast a new light on the contemporary Jewish thought. More than a century year-old, the collection of epitaphs from the old century at Uccle represents a so far neglected testimony of the history of the Belgian Jewry. Considering the epitaphs as a corpus, one can deduce that it negotiates its way between tradition and modernity, in hits literature as well as in its architectural appearance. In the same way that we could not at the end of the 19th century survey assert a severe deterioration of the religious practice and the use of the Hebrew language, the corpus keeps actually its typical features, being literary and transitional, I ma to add today the qualification of fluctuating and contingent. With the beginning of the 20th century we were in presence of a new corpus of funerary inscriptions facing another crucial period going from the First World War until today. With the come back of the Hebrew language during the interwar’s years, the more traditional populations of Eastern Europe, mainly from Poland and Russia, will reinsert the simple stele with its full Hebrew epitaph, among other things. The choice of a new type of collective burial, the community-vault, would carry on the process of changing the habits in inhumation matters. According to us, the catalogue of epitaphs consist in a gathered memory that the survey first, the inventory besides have not exhausted. The data base has shown deficiency in providing biographical details, therefore giving priority to the wealthiest and best known people of the community. Moreover, the closing of the cemetery in 1946 did not allow us to distinguish clearly the contribution of three new trends that is to say orthodoxy, communism and sionism
Urbain, Jean-Didier. "Le mort-là : anthropologie et sémiologie de l'imaginaire de la mort en Occident à partir de ses cimetières." Paris 5, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA05H021.
Full textComing after the elect-dead and the remembered dead, the "deadthere' is personification of conservation ideology. The cultural integration of this character has aroused, on the one hand, the solidification of a new imaginary of death in west, and, on the other hand, the correlative establishment (during the 19th and 20th centuries) of spreading and monumental necropolis qualified to meet an illusion of existence that needs phantasm of conservation of deads. It is this twofold dimension of dead-there's symbolical integration that funeral semiology authorizes to show and make clearer from evolution of cemeterial topography until morpho-syntaxical mutations of epitaph. Through this chain of signs, we can read the new sociosemiotical situation of the dead persons in our society - their "actantial place" or narrative position in space of a new story of death: a new mythology. At the end of this semiotical recognition, we must break the thread of a standard speech diffusing a negative interpretation about evolution of funeral customs. Under the circumstances what is standing out is less a breakdown of a tradition between dead and living persons than a founding of a new coexistence between past and present - a symbiosis determined by a deep transformation of our history consciousness. Therefore, maybe the dead-there is also an inaugural pattern concerning a manipulation of reality, an exemplary figure announcing a global archivistical strategy the project of which is less memorization than production of a "world-there" - a "hanging" world established by a general "thanatopraxy". . . Narrative semiotics and structural semantics are heuristical tools to place in prominent position the coherence of this archivistical process, paradigmatic feature of our modernity
Hong, Suk-Ki. "Les cimetières de l'Ile-de-France et de la région de Séoul-Kyungki : étude comparée." Paris 4, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA040044.
Full textThe aim of this study is to compare French and Korean death domain, their past and their future. Its first part exposes the cultural environment of the funeral observances, the choice of the tomb site and the relations between the death and the alive worlds. The second part presents the actual state of the necropolis in the capital region of the two countries. After an exposition of the geographic situation of the cemeteries, the author tries to forecast the need in area of cemetery for the thirty next years. The author analyzes the evolution of the necropolis planification policies. This part is ended by a study of cremation, from the historical and the land-use point of view. This thesis is concluded by a reflexion on the place and the role of the death domain
Bolle-Anotta, Françoise. "Le portrait du défunt dans les cimetières lorrains de 1804 à nos jours." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0317.
Full textFrom the imperial law of 23 Prairial year XII (June 12, 1804) which imposes the burial obligation for all in the cemetery, the sculpture puts itself at the service of the portrait of the deceased, in this very special space which is at the same time of the private frame and the public setting. Heir to a tradition hitherto booked with noble and to the king, the funerary portrait is displayed in an iconography which oscillates between symbolic system and realism of the physical features; the soldier is honored as hero while the priest is venerated by the parishioners. Falling under the fashion of the “statuomanie galopante” years 1880, the Lorraine cemeteries join the public will to honour its Great men, at one time when the “Small Fatherland”, Lorraine, meets the “Great Fatherland”, France, where known artists and sometimes less known put their know-how and their notoriety at the service of portraits the notable ones. The funerary portrait knows its golden age then. Whereas the modern cemetery is built little by little thanks to its compartmental organization, the families test the imperative need very quickly to materialize, on these family concessions, the memory of the features of their late and the carved portrait give of it them the opportunity and here it is which leaves the intimacy of the living rooms to be installed either on the family stele of the tomb. Thus the tearful husband remembers the face his dear wife, that ploughed up parents can comfort themselves to have lost a little angel in him substituent another face, rather idealized, or best the figure of another angel, more solid because out of marble and more protective. Little by little, the cemetery is avoided of people of statues which some professional reasons come to supplement, rare however. The personalization of the tomb remains however very discrete, the pain contained. The funerary sculpture, and the portrait in particular, are put at the service of the expression of subsidiary or marital feelings, hitherto booked with the intimacy, but translate an elitism which the legislation 23 Prairial An XII did not wish. For the period 1880-1930, the silent partners of the funerary portraits profit from a widened offer of products in particular thanks to rise of the photography and with the process of vitrification. Without competing with the carved portrait carried mainly by the bronze medallion and the sculpture in the round, the photographic stained glass makes it possible to promote the memory of late in a luxurious house, where, for the first time, the presence of the color makes animate these faces and makes them almost alive. But, it is a luxury which few families can offer. Then, the photographic medallion on enamelled plate, more modest, makes it possible to less fortunate customers to reach the funerary portrait with the cemetery. After 1930, whereas vault and stained glass disappear from the alleys of the cemetery, the medallion can definitively take seat on the burials. Very quickly, these is a assured success which is not contradicted, still today. The period of 1940 to our days is by far richest in funerary portraits and this thanks to techniques controlled well, that of photography on porcelain medallion and that of mechanical or artistic engraving, grace also to new supports which are the funerary plates, the ballot boxes, vases. And it is not rare that a family resorts to different techniques for each one of her late. The way of presenting the late one also evolved; the photographic model of studio gives way to a model presented “to the naturalness”, i.e. resulting from the family photographic album and new symbols show the late one under more personal aspects. From now on, the funerary portrait of late with the cemetery is not only any more one face but it is also a sportsman, a hunter, a motorcyclist, a professional, in love with the animals, an amateur of game of bowls
Rambert, Frank. "Routes et jardins : les cimetières britanniques de la Grande Guerre sur le front ouest." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012VERS001S.
Full text1914-1918. During all the duration of the war, the British established along the frontline cemeteries which were maintained where they were implanted. There is 967 who still draw the frontline today disappeared. These cemeteries are all various by their drawing but all the same because constituted by the same elements. Closed by a rubber wall, there is a cross and if they are big enough, a Great Stone and a shelter for the visitors. There is a headstone for every soldiers, all the same wherever are the nationalities, the social classes, the religions, the ranks. A lawn, flowers, trees make of these cemeteries as closed gardens in the countryside. As gardens, they are just like England, they are as so many embassies which stand out and take up a territory which is not theirs. By this they mark the conquest of a territory. As burial places maintained and marked with so many headstones as there is of dead soldiers, by the preservation of bodies, they insure the preservation of a war territory which had disappeared without this gesture of appropriation. So these closed gardens appear as so many imprints on a foreign ground. Printed by their scattering, by their resemblances, because they arise from the same mould just like the ile mother. We evolve on an earth marked with imprints; of those buried, left by the war, to those revealed by cemeteries and we want to know how it make the territory of the man. The man marks his territories with the consciousness that these things will survive him and that it is it that he wishes
Hari, Murti Raditya. "Le cimetière : un défi urbain à Jakarta." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUL190.
Full textCemeteries have begun to become a concern for urban planners in Jakarta because of the crisis voiced by the media in the 2000s. The characteristics of Jakarta as a densely populated metropolitan and as a multicultural melting-pot, put pressure on the provision of funeral space. The aim of this thesis is to analyze the challenges in the funeral management in Jakarta and the adaptation of the community facing up with this problem. My approach is to study Jakarta through an evolutive lens, with an analysis of different scales of territories: extended urban area, the city, and a selected region. A quantitative descriptive approach is employed to check the characteristics of the city, while a more qualitative descriptive one is used to try understand the phenomenon of the chosen region. This thesis wishes to contribute to urban studies of Jakarta, especially regarding the funeral studies
Bernheim-Nègre, Anne. "Contribution à l'histoire du patrimoine : le cimetière protestant de Nîmes 1778-1910." Poitiers, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000POIT3017.
Full textPergola, Philippe. "Les cimetières chrétiens de Rome depuis leurs origines jusqu'au 9e siècle : le cas du Praedium Domitillae et de la catacombe anonyme sur la via Ardeatina." Aix-Marseille 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992AIX10037.
Full textThe catacomb of domitilla is the wider and more homogeneous complex of the christian underground rome. More than sixty thousand burials, members of all social classes, followed one another since the beginning of the third century ot the mid fifth century a. D. A global study allows to define the different phases and the articulation of the catacomb. The analysis of the topography, the architecture, the epigraphy and the paintings replace this complex among the most exhaustive evidences of the late antiquity in rome. The catacomb expand from seven small hypogea (each one holding four to four hundred burials), both pagan or christian, independent, but which galleries wich will be connected each other, between the mid third and the mid fourth century, and will became the widest christian necropolis of rome together with the calixtus catacombs. A dossier on the cult of the martyrs venerated in the catacomb between the fourth and the ninth century and on the monumental changes wich caracterized the cult allows to understand thoroughly the relations between the catacomb and the three aisles basilica (iv-v c. ) and to examine the nature of this veneration during the early medieval times
Paya, Didier. "La tombe et le cimetière en Languedoc au Moyen-Age : l'exemple du Diocèse de Maguelone[contient T1: La dernière demeure, T2 : Le cimetière]." Montpellier 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON30068.
Full textGraves and cemetery have changed since the apparition of christianism. This evolution results from a new perception of the death, connected to resurrection and judgement day. During the 4th century, first manifestations of christianism appear in languedoc. At this time, materials used to build the graves are wood, tegulae and some times stone. Preponderance over other materials will be soon taken by stone. The body is considered as the soul's guard, until the resurrection, so he must be protected. The organisation of cemetery is the same as the ancient paganism. The death always belongs to private affairs, clergymen never intervene. From 9 and 10th centuries forward, cemeteries are settled especially around the parish churches. Cemeteries in the field, funerary basilics are from now on deserted. The church takes care of the destiny of the deceased. Sin become preponderant and faithfuls need prayers and saint's protection. Same antique reasons preside to preservation of the body. The form of the corpse has to be preserved and the development of anthropomorphous graves can be explained by necessary preservetion of the corpse's form. The apparition of the purgatory generates some important modifications in mentalities, espacially in the perception of relations between the corpse and the soul, who will be seperated till the decease from now on. Individual builded graves disappear on benhalf of sepeultures "en pleine terre", in which the corpse is layed in a grave of digged in earth without any kind of amenagement. In churches, ossuary and burials vault which recept the bones of ancients burials grow on. Memory and prayer for the rest of decease's souls are now more important than the corpses. Decea's memory became preponderant and so cemeteries may be settled far from the living's space
Rochette, Catherine. "Dans l'oubli des brumes : histoires d'outre-tombe ; suivi de Composition, décomposition et recomposition dans les cimetières littéraires." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28346/28346.pdf.
Full textMeidinger, Isabelle. "L' État et les minorités cultuelles en France au XIXe siècle : l'administration des cimetières israélites de 1789 à 1881." Paris, EHESS, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EHES0067.
Full textWhen one considers the relations between the State and religious minorities in the 19th century in France, one is tempted to refer to a double dialectic : integration / emancipation, secularisation / “laicisation”. My thesis aims, on the contrary, to demonstrate that those relations were specific, that they were regulated by a unique model characterised by three key ideas: equality, separation and acknowledgement. The fact that this model has never been officially recognised by public authorities can be explained by the contradiction in which the State found itself allowing a specific model of regulation in the name of equality and at the same time, promoting a unique policy for all citizens in the name of the same equality
Roberjot, Bernadette. "Mutations de l'art et de l'espace funéraires du XIXe siècle à nos jours." Paris, EHESS, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EHES0039.
Full textThis study turns on places and men. Places, that is graveyards in France from the XIXth century up to the present day, from the moment when the space araund parochial churches was left to community organization out of the city. Men that is how the relationship ta death has developed and expressed itself within and out of the limits of the cemetery. The first step of the process rests on a specific case : two graveyards in Thiers, Auvergne. This city is situated near a stone quarry known as Volvic stone which has long been used for gravestones, Therefore man y professionals can be met in this region. A socialogy of the style could be considered through the study of funerary catalogues. In this research are also observed some of the profound changes in behaviours and mentalities whch appear ,in the formal design of monuments and, up to recently, in the creation of micro-spaces within graveyards. Ln a recent survey, two hundred people were questioned on how often they went to cemeteries, and their choice about their funeral and it showed the increase in cremation. Prompted by the desire to turn our eyes out of the grayards, we considered the existence of other places reserved to ashes or spontaneously selected for ashes scattering. Two events about death in a pubiic space bring a new element to study this area which could be considered as shifting. The first example is the group « Les Morts de la Rue » (People who die in the street), the other is about a social factor which is calling up death through road marking at the edge of the roads after a violent death. They complete the anthropological and cultural breaks we are dealing with
Bertrand, Frédéric. "L'architecture et l'urbanisme funéraires parisiens à l'ère des métropoles : regard sur l'oeuvre et la pensée de Robert Auzelle (1913-1983)." Paris 8, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA082209.
Full textBarthélémy, Isabelle. "Morphologie et évolution : le peuplement du Sud-Ouest de la France entre le VIème et le XIIème siècles (le cas des nécropoles de l'Islejourdain - La Gravette, Gers)." Toulouse 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TOU30216.
Full textKancel, Daniel. "Les ossuaires juifs au tournant de notre ère." Paris, EPHE, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EPHE4013.
Full textJewish ossuaries were used at the end of the 2nd Temple period, mainly in the area of the city of Jerusalem. The first part of this thesis is an attempt to present, for the first time, all published ossuaries to this day in only one corpus, giving all known details about them and facsimiles of most of the inscriptions. The second part deals with various aspects of jewish ossuaries. Its first chapter deals with general characteristics of the ossuaries. Afterwards the inscriptions written on various sides of some of the ossuaries are discussed with an enhanced epigraphic research on 53 inscriptions. The following chapter is about ornamentation, its motives, some special ossuaries regarding this aspect, and various interpretations that can be given to ossuaries' ornamentation. The last chapter is a review of the major interpretations of the possible link of the use of ossuaries with jewish religious conceptions of that time. There's also an exposition of what may have been the origins of the use of ossuaries at that period in that area. This can be corroborated by all the elements unearthed is the previous parts of the thesis
Challet, Mélanie. "Influence de la température et des courants d'air sur la morphogénèse des cimetières chez la fourmi Messor sancta." Toulouse 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU30077.
Full textIn this work, we studied environmental effects on corpses aggregation in the ants Messor sancta. We characterized this phenomenon at both scales : individual and collective one. Results sew that ants have a lower dispersion on corpses piles. Ants sew a thigmotactic behavior around the piles. Our study also sew that pick up and drop behaviors are modulated by temperature. At the collective scale, we have shown that temperature and air flow modified collective aggregation dynamics. This modulation is the results of a complex coupling between individual sensitivity to local corpses density and individual sensitivity to climatic environment
Sabourin, Franck. "La ville et les morts : droit et urbanisme funéraires à Toulouse aux XVIIIe et XIXe siècles." Toulouse 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOU10042.
Full textThere centuries ago churchyards and funereal grants were inside and nearby churches. These funereal places were too scantiness. So they were moves outside the city. Paradoxically this urbanism policy was caused simultaneously by aristocratic reaction, will to apply canonic laws and hygienist discourse. Burgesses' wrights were revoved. Privilegiers' attitude ended in the French revolution. The nation became sovereign and tried to aggregate the privilegiers. She failed in that way. Public life was laicised, the sepultures too. A new funereal regulation promulgated after “le Concordat de Messidor” layed down a new funereal order unequalyy influenced by laicity. In Toulouse and while the Restauration churchyards were too scantiness and nearby the town to receive funereal grants. The accessioon of a liberal government, “la Monarchie de Juillet” caused the laying of an effective urbanism policy. The municipal action ended in the fundation of a new cimetery called “terre-cabade”. Once the cemeteries were centralized, funereal pomps had to be reorganized because of the accroissment of the distances from parochials churches to “terre-cabade”
Carnevale, Diego. "Morte e sepolture a Napoli : tra Stato, Chiesa e mercato (XVIII-XIX secolo)." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX10008.
Full textThe thesis aims to two objectives: 1) Illustrating the political and institutional process that leaded in the Kingdom of Naples to remove the exclusive ecclesiastical control of the funerals and burials system 2) Evaluating the social impact of this process through the analysis of transformations in the organization of funeral services. The investigated period correspond to the first years of the Austrian domination (1707) until the years 50s of 19th century, when the invention of the public cemetery typology was achieved. With regard to the results obtained, the research shows both the conformity of Neapolitan case to the European burial reform and the importance of the funeral market as source of revenues for the urban parishes in a Mediterranean megalopolis during the Ancien Régime
Viel, Marie-Thérèse. "Les problèmes juridiques de l'intervention communale en matière funéraire." Bordeaux 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990BOR1D010.
Full textThe communal law makes rules for the diverse funeral operations and commits the funeral police to the mayor's care. The parishes have a monopoly on some prestations for the obsequies. This public utility is not commercial. The users conclude a civil law agreement and have the services for a money consideration. The parishes may also manage a complementary commercial municipal utility service. On january 9 th 1986, a law has authorized some impairments from the monopoly and has also subdued private funeral director' to an agreement. The monopoly may be managed by a public utility undertaking, this one must not misuse a ruling position. On july 25th 1985 a law has authorized the parishes to set up the cemeteries in the agglomerations. If the cemeteries are not inside agglomerations, an authorization is necessary to build all around those areas. The prefect is competent to remove the cemeteries. The major holdsthe police power in the cemetery and may takes police regulations about the management of the cemetery. The parishes may deliver grants of grave in cemeteries and bring the administrative law into operation
Nallbani, Etleva. "La civilisation de Komani de l'antiquité tardive au haut Moyen âge : étude du mobilier métallique." Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010545.
Full textFerry, Fleur. "Espace sacré en devenir profane?, les cimetières de la région de Québec des origines à nos jours : témoins de l'évolution d'une société." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0012/MQ60717.pdf.
Full textNiel, Cécile. "Analyse historique et paléoanthropologique des cimetières du groupe épiscopal de Rouen : La cour d'Albane et la cour des maçons (Xe-XIVe siècles)." Caen, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CAEN1531.
Full textJourdan, Didier. "Le droit et la mort : le principe républicain de liberté funéraire à l'épreuve du temps." Montpellier 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MON10040.
Full textDoes the funeral law allow french people to determine and enact their choice of funeral freely? in the first, instance, the reply to the question can only be positive. The republican principle of liberty transfered to the rites of death which historically governs funeral legislation against clerical oppression, guarantes to frenchmen, through the mediation of a monopolistic communal organisation, the right to a grave and funeral rites. Tre initial favourable impression, shared by a great number of people is indermined by the underlying ideology of funeral organization. In effect, the dual quest for equality and liberty in death has generated a system where by attitudes towards death have been chanelled into an overarching uniformity. Paradoxically, equality in death which has prevailed over liberty, encourages, in a hyper individualistic society, the contemporary denial of death. The monopoly held by local administration curbs the right to choose funeral rites and there by threatens the very existence of our society through a denial of the reality of death and the resulting taboo. Against suc equalitarian oppression, the abolition of the civil monopolies seems desirable
Muller, Catherine. "Du lieu au non-lieu la sépulture des personnes incinérées : contribution à une géographie de la crémation." Lille 1, 2003. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2003/50377-2003-27-1.pdf.
Full textLassère, Madeleine. "Le cimetière de la Chartreuse des origines à nos jours : historique, funérailles catholiques, typologie des tombes." Bordeaux 3, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986BOR30025.
Full textThe thesis is composed of three volumes ; the first retraces the history of the chartreuse cemetry and the undertakers administration from the time of the revolution through until the present day. The cemetry first opened and was concecrated in 1817. Initial use was slow until the system of concessions was progressively introduced to the detriment of the common lands, which finally disappeared in the 1960s. The chartreuse cemetry found itself, quite rapidly, surrounded by urbanisation and for some 20 years, its transfer or replacement was seriously considered. The project was finally abandoned an if the town of bordeaux, today, boasts a number of other burial grounds, the chartreuse still remains the most popular. Bordeaux's history of catholic undertakers is that of a slow decline in fabric, to the benefit of the municipality. The latter administers the cemetry which earns it both income and problems, (battle over the adoption of hearses, maintenance difficulties, hygene and health. . . ). The second volume provides an abundant illustration for the third part of the thesis, which is devoted to the typology of monuments and epitaphs, together with the symbols used at funerals, within the context of historical mental perspectives. The study highlights the shapes and forms of the monuments most commonly to be seen in the chartreuse : sarcophagi, the importance given throughout the 19th century to epitaphs and the replacement, finally, of stone by granit ; the growing habit of re-allocating concessions, which, alas, has led to the disappearance of many of the old monuments. In annex, is a final volume covering additional documents and epitaphs
Varnier, Camille. "Géographie des cimetières en Amérique latine : marquages, pratiques culturelles indigènes et inégalités sociales : étude comparative entre le Venezuela, le Mexique et le Chili." Thesis, Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMC031.
Full textStrangely enough, the geography of cemeteries has not been the focus of many studies. PhDs, articles and books related to this topic are scarce, whether in France or abroad. These spaces, however, are packed with social and cultural remnants which embody material prints of collective and personal memory; they are to be found in each and every country. In Latin America, the study of cemeteries is primarily a reflection of the world of the living : perception of death and time, striking social inequalities, and the wide range of rites and religious beliefs. Far from limiting itself to the use of cemeteries as mirrors of societies, this dissertation aims at shedding light on process and mechanisms inherent to the societies under scrutiny: games of power, logic of domination, segregation, exclusion, etc. To do so, the focus was put on groups of natives which still remain widely excluded and marginalized to this day. Through mobility, we study the changes in the relation to death in rural and urban spaces. Indeed, beyond cultural identities, the ways in which cemeteries are being appropriated vary depending on the geographical spaces where individuals and social groups identify with. The comparative method that was selected for these three test spaces aims at perceiving differences and similarities, as far as the situations of the native groups within society are concerned, between a so-called socialist country (Venezuela), a so-called liberal country (Chili) and a country which has a specific approach to death (Mexico). The perspectives offered by cultural and social geography aims at showing how social inequalities occur and are repeated through and beyond death itself: it underlines what we could describe as social inequalities embedded in space for all eternity
Thiolliere, Pascaline. "L'urbain et la mort : ambiances d'une relation." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAH025/document.
Full textSince the turn of the 21st century, the funeral rituality in France undergoes a profound transformation that strongly questions the relationship between death and the city. The more frequent practices of cremation and ashes scattering express a rejection of cemeteries standardisation and constraints. The materiality of the ash leads to dematerialisation and more diffuse localisation of the dead. These are reinforced by the increasing use of digital media (memorial pages, social networks, virtual cemeteries) that open a new space-time framework for sustaining the relationship to the dead and participate in redefining the spatiality of grief. In addition, environmental considerations reveal today a new deviation in the field of funerary both in practice and at the level of representation.We assume that weaving our relationship to the dead passes across the body, its movements and gestures that materialise that relationship while creating a special ambiance. Therefore, from this sensory approach dealing with urban ambiances, constructed and landscaped arrangements are perceived as a way for setting the conditions on spatial, temporal and bodily levels, that participate in establishing the relationship to death and the dead, and partly shape the intimate experience of mourning. Thresholds, rhythms and gestures captured in urban spaces are levers for understanding and designing the relationship between death and the city.In this sense, we identify certain intentionalities that are particularly relevant for the experience of mourning (accompany/support, maintain/sustain, reflect/meditate, travel/progress), which are seen in the light of action possibilities related to the built and landscaped environment. This work helps to highlight the different gaps and resources, and to consider renewing the criteria upon which the design processes of spaces related to death on architectural and urban scales is based
Labbé, Thérèse. "Le cimetière Belmont : témoin d'un art et d'une culture funéraires." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/33706.
Full textMontréal Trigonix inc. 2018
Baray, Luc. "Pratiques funéraires et sociétés celtiques : structures sociales et structures culturelles dans les cimetières protohistoriques du Bassin parisien (fin de 7e - début du 2e s. av. J.-C.)." Paris 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA010584.
Full textOn the basis of changes in burial custom an evidence for social hierarchy, this study examines cultural, social and historical processes of transformation an evolution in celtic populations in the eastern half of the Paris basin from the late 7th to the 2nd centuries b. C. The aim of the study is to distinguish funerary data relating to the social sphere from those depending on cultural factors. A new framework of relative chronology, entirely compatible with current european chronologies, is established by means of combinatory matrices (seriation). The period in question is divided into ten stages. The extensive geographical area chosen is marked by the quality and quantity of available evidence (a corpus of about 2000 graves). The various funerary traits, the architecture of the graves and associated monuments, the grave-goods and the burial mod es (cremation inhumation) are treated quantitatively in order to examine the variability of funerary customs in terms other than merely typological and chronological. Geographical and chronological patterns are revealed, challenging over-systematic social interpretations. It is shown that, throughout the period under consideration, the paris basin does not form a homogeneous cultural entity and that on the contrary it is made up of several cultural groups whose funerary traits attest to the permanence and stability of populations. A bipartition is revealed between the northern and southern zones of the paris basin. Analysis of mechanis ms underlying the celts' collective representation of death shows that the social sphere essentially relates to the dimension of the individual, whilst the elements which determine the cultural sphere concern respectively cultural identity and collective representations
Richier, Anne. "Mort ordinaire, morts ordinaires : traitement et devenir des corps dans les cimetières à partir de l’exemple provençal (XVIe - XIXe siècle) : apports de l’archéologie à l’histoire et à l’anthropologie sociale." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020EHES0170.
Full textThe recent archaeological excavation of modern and contemporary cemeteries has revealed new problems related to "ordinary" death between the 16th and 19th centuries. Although historians have been studying this theme since the 1970s in the context of the " New History ", funerary archaeology has been slow to invest these "newer than old" times outside of disaster sites, linked to epidemics or conflicts. The present research work proposes, based on unpublished factual data provided by the recent excavation of several cemeteries of Provence (France), to revisit the theme of the living facing their dead from the Old Regime to the industrial Age, a pivotal period in the history of death. Research is centred on the body, whether in the state of a corpse or skeleton, and offers an original look at the relationship that the living have with their dead. From funerals to forgetfulness, individual and collective, a whole range of gestures can be decrypted by observation of field data. Archaeology reveals the privacy of the tombs, little or not documented by historical sources. These gestures and practices are of course to relate to normative frameworks, beliefs, collective imaginaries, whose traces are written or figured. They are also directly dependent on the socio-economic conditions of buried and burying populations. Thus, this research work can only be multidisciplinary and dialectical, at the crossroads between archaeology, history and social anthropology
Lanquetin, Frédérique. "Identités religieuses et identités urbaines dans l'espace funéraire en Aquitaine et en France (XVIIIe-XXIe siècles)." Pau, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PAUU1009.
Full textThe research focuses on burial spaces and urban contemporary, in Aquitaine and France eighteenth century to twenty-one century. Both terms of burial space and urban space are defined as actual or theoretical scene involving the implementation of a cultural construct and/or hardware, including a historical dimension necessarily. Space burial involves the implementation of measures relating to the treatment of the body, on a field ranging from intimate and individual perception to perception collective. Urban space has been specially built to reflect the multiplicity of definitions of town, including those both physical and geographical than to theoretical value. In the links of its two spaces, we seek to collect the construction of religious and cultural identities: their evolution and the relationship to urban areas. The research takes into account two main treatment modalities of the strips, who are burial and cremation, and seeks both to identify historicity singular related to contemporary gestures, to define the relationship of citizens to the urbanity and location in an area. The research is particularly keen to describe the plastic forms local geography heritage and implementation of migration, with the choice of burial sites or cremation. It aims to highlight the importance of the necropolis in the city, to identify what are the new places of burial of expression respecting urban historical developments. The behaviour of local or migrant sedentary compared to the space funeral arouse greater attention, fostering the perception of individual and collective behaviour, as well as the factors of urban integration
Boulud, Sylvie. "L'étape initiale de l'âge du Bronze final en Transdanubie : les nécropoles à incinération de Balatonmagyaród-Hídvégpuszta et Balatonmagyaród-Kiskányavár." Dijon, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002DIJOL025.
Full textThis PhD proposes a new approach for the study of the cremation cemeteries in the western part of Hungary. This approach is based on ceramic typology and computer seriation. A ceramic typology was specially created for the two cemeteries of Balatonmagtaród. After that, 22 typological criteria were defined for the seriation. The results of the seriation and the regional comparisons permitted to propose a periodisation in two different phases for the beginning of the Late Bronze Age : the "étape 1" can be synchronised with the Bz D of Reinecke and the "étape 2" with the Ha A1. The ceramics of the "étape 1" and the spatial study of the transdanubian territory showed a very strong continuity between the end of the Middle Bronze Age (Bz C) and the very first beginning of the Late Bronze Age (Bz D). This means that the concept of "Urnfield Culture" has to be abandoned like in the western part of Europe
Bertrand, Régis. "Les Provençaux et leurs morts : recherches sur les pratiques funéraires, les lieux de sépultures et le culte du souvenir des morts dans le Sud-Est de la France depuis la fin du XVIIe siècle." Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010713.
Full textResearch on the social statute of dead : changing conditions of a presence of dead among remainders, from the end of the 17th century to the beginning of the 20th. Reconstitution of transition rites, burial places (in churches and cemeteries) and commemorative gestures. Contribution to a study of the origins and beginnings of French contemporanean cemetery
Thebault, Frédéric. "Les monuments funéraires comme indicateur d'histoire des mentalités, du "culte des morts" à l'anonymat des tombeaux en Alsace." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000STR20039.
Full textHincker, Vincent. "Se soucier des morts de l'Antiquité aux premiers siècles du Moyen Age : la parole de saint Augustin à l'épreuve des enjeux socio-anthropologiques des funérailles et du tombeau." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMC039/document.
Full textWhat is a graveyard ? The question seems rather trivial, however for several years historians have debated numerous time on the subject and seek to determine whether the advent of Christianity has profoundly changed the relationship of the living with the dead.in the first part the purpose is to analyze the word of St. Augustine to the extent that it is considered as a foundation of the Christian doctrine in terms of funeral practices. In this perspective, Augustine's treatise devoted specifically to this question, the De cura gerenda pro mortuis, is re-examined in the light of the ontological-theological system that St. Augustine built throughout his life. Far from being a simple guide to good practices for Christians, the De Cura appears as a development of this system. Augustine examines the question of the place of the body in the relationship between the living and the dead. The very construction of the De cura designates the body as the object that Augustine places at the heart of his reflection.Borrowing the track designated by Augustine, the second part of this thesis is about understanding the role of the body in funerary ritual as it is grasped in the written and archaeological sources of Latin antiquity and the first centuries of the Middle Ages. A fresh examination of these sources makes it possible to restore a series of funeral rites that compose a real cycle through which the death of others is shaped so that everyone can recognize that it has taken place. With the help of philosophy, in particular phenomenology, it becomes possible to note that it is not only a question of recording the death of others in time, but that it is also about inscribing it in space, that is to say in a place, which is precisely what is intended by the act of burying the dead in a tomb.Finding a place for the dead does not mean moving them away from the community of the living, but on the contrary assigning them a place so that the living can establish a relationship with them. Indeed, it is precisely the modalities of this relationship, which pass through the mediation of the tomb and therefore through it through the mediation of the body, which do not fit in with the philosophy of St. Augustine.Ultimately, the meeting of burials with the buildings embodying the Christian community, confirms the failure of the Augustinian word before the concern of the members of this community to bring the dead, body and soul, into the City of God
Guyon, Django. "Sépultures et nécropoles crétoises aux époques hellénistique et impériale : documentation archéologique, anthropologie funéraire et perspectives sociologiques." Rennes 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008REN20029.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is to study the Cretan necropolis and burials at the Hellenistic and Imperial periods. This thesis is divided in five sections. Each one analyse in depth the following topics. First comes the analysis of the funeral areas' topography and its relationship with the housing. The second chapter is focused on the analysis of the funeral structures, proposing in particular a typology of the monumental architecture. The third chapter deals with the composition and meaning of the funeral furniture. In the fourth chapter takes place the study of the funeral rituals. The last chapter proposes a study of the epitaphs in order to contribute to a socio-cultural identification of the dead bodies. A catalogue of the archaeological data about the burials and necropolis, an appendix dealing with the sarcophagi, and another dealing with the epitaphs, appear in separate volumes
Noëll-Cuvier, Jacqueline. "L'architecture funéraire reflet des comportements socio-culturels : l'exemple de Nice 1830-1930 : thèse." Nice, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NICE2023.
Full textChouzenoux, Christelle. "Caractérisation et typologie du Cimetière des Ancres." Master's thesis, [s.n.], 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/2298.
Full textLa présente étude archéologique vise à l’analyse et à la caractérisation de chacune des 44 ancres qui composent le gisement du Parc Archéologique Sous Marin du Cimetière des Ancres de la Baie d’Angra et qui, à ce jour, restent encore méconnues. Nous souhaitons, grâce à une intervention sous-marine systématisée, enregistrer de façon exhaustive toutes les données archéologiques présentes sur le site et sur chacune des ancres, afin d’étudier chaque pièce de façon individuelle. L’objectif de cette première phase de terrain est de proposer une méthodologie permettant de décrire une ancre en contexte sous-marin, en définissant notamment les protocoles de mesures à réaliser. Les éléments constitutifs de la pièce seront ainsi évalués et ses spécificités morphologiques enregistrées (la prise des mesures sera enrichi par des photographies et dessins archéologiques).Nous souhaitons, à l’issue de cette campagne de terrain, réaliser une typologie des ancres de la Baie d’Angra, mettant en évidence l’évolution formelle des amarres au fil des siècles. L’élaboration d’un tel outil d’analyse, couplé à une étude bibliographique exhaustive des traités de construction navale, nous permettra alors de déduire une datation présumée des pièces, ainsi que leur potentielle origine géographique, tout en témoignant de l’évolution des emplois et techniques de fabrication des ancres. L’interprétation de ces données inédites nous aidera à mieux comprendre quels types de navires pouvaient être susceptibles de transporter ces ancres, tout en tentant d’expliciter les raisons ayant pu les pousser à abandonner leurs amarres à cet endroit. Ce sera également l’occasion de mieux appréhender le rôle joué par l’ancien port d’ancrage de la ville d’Angra et plus largement de l’archipel des Açores dans la géopolitique et les échanges internationaux du XVI° au XIX° siècle. Enfin nous prétendons proposer un outil de comparaison susceptible d’aider à l’analyse d’autres sites ou ancres similaires, tout en apportant de nouvelles clefs de valorisation, en vue d’une exploitation plus efficace de ce type de gisement archéologique et de celui d’Angra en particulier. O presente estudo arqueológico visa a análise e a caracterização de cada uma das 43 âncoras que compõem o conjunto do Parque Arqueológico Subaquático do Cemitério das Âncoras da Baia de Angra do Heroísmo as quais, até à data, se encontram por estudar. Desejamos, graças a uma intervenção subaquática sistematizada, registar de forma exaustiva todos os dados arqueológicos presentes no sítio e em cada uma das âncoras, a fim de estudar cada peça individualmente. O objectivo desta primeira fase de campo, será de propor uma metodologia que permita descrever uma âncora em contexto subaquático, definindo os protocolos das medidas à realizar. Os elementos constituintes de cada ferro, serão assim avaliados e as especificidades morfológicas registadas. Após a conclusão dos trabalhos de campo, o objectivo será realizar uma tipologia das âncoras da Baia de Angra, com a finalidade de evidenciar a evolução morfológica das amarras ao longo dos séculos. A elaboração dessa ferramenta de análise, complementada por o estudo bibliográfico exaustivo dos tratados de construção naval, permitirá deduzir uma datação relativa das peças, como também as suas potenciais origens geográficas, testemunhando a evolução dos usos e técnicas de fabrico das âncoras. A interpretação destes dados inéditos ajudaram-nos a compreender melhor quais os tipos de navios que possivelmente transportariam estas âncoras, e quando possível tentar explicar os motivos pelos quais elas foram abandonadas neste contexto particular. Permitirá simultaneamente esclarecer o papel desempenhado pelo antigo porto de ancoragem da cidade de Angra, e de um modo mais abrangente do arquipélago dos Açores, na geopolítica e nos intercâmbios internacionais dos séculos XVI ao XIX. Conclusivamente, pretendemos propor uma ferramenta de comparação susceptível de ajudar a análise de outros sítios ou âncoras similares, tal como trazer novas chaves de valorização para permitir uma rentabilização mais eficiente deste tipo de conjunto arqueológico e do caso de Angra em particular. The present archaeological study aims to the analysis and the characterization of each of the 43 anchors which compose the layer of the Archaeological Submarine Park of the Cemetery of the Anchors of Bay of Angra and which, to date, remain still ignored. We wish, thanks to a systematized underwater intervention, to record in an exhaustive way all the archaeological data present on the site and each anchor, in order to study each part in an individual way. The objective of this first field phase is to propose a methodology making it possible to describe an anchor in submarine context, particularly by defining the protocols of measures to be undertaken. The components of the part will be thus evaluated and its morphological specificities recorded. We wish, at the conclusion of this field work, to carry out a typology of the anchors of Bay of Angra, highlighting the formal evolution of the mooring ropes along the centuries. The elaboration of such a tool for analysis, together with an exhaustive bibliographical study of the treaties of naval construction, will then enable us to deduce a presumable dating for the parts, as well as their potential geographic origin, while testifying the evolution of the uses and techniques of manufacturing of the anchors. The interpretation of these unpublished data will help us to better understanding which types of ships could be likely to transport these anchors, while trying to clarify the reasons that drove them to give up their mooring ropes at this place. It will be also the occasion to better understand the role played by the old anchoring port of the town of Angra and on a larger scale of archipelago of the Azores in the international geopolitics and the exchanges from the 16th to the 19 th century. Finally we claim to propose a tool of comparison likely to help with the analysis of other sites or similar anchors, while bringing new keys of valorization, for a more effective exploitation of this kind of archaeological layer and that of Angra in particular.
Partiot, Caroline. "Diversité biologique des enfants décédés en période périnatale et traitements funéraires au Kerma classique : Les exemples de la nécropole 8B-51 (Kerma classique, Nord Soudan) et des cimetières de Blandy-les-Tours (Xe-XIIe siècle, France) et de Provins (XIIIe-XVIIIe siècle, France)." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0252/document.
Full textDespite the high rates of child mortality in past populations, subjects deceased in perinatal period were often neglected in bioarchaeological and paleoanthropology studies. Unlike biological analysis on adults, investigations on newborns rarely include individual or populational variability comparisons as a major component. In the present work, we will focus on metrical and non-metrical diversity of subject deceased between 22 and 48 amenorrhea weeks, based on the biological study of 116 subjects from three archaeological collections (one kerma and two medieval and modern) and one current virtual collection with 364 individuals. The first research axis characterizes the intra-individual, inter-individual and populational variability, and differences by age at death in both samples. The second line of research aims to identify criteria making it possible to estimate individual morbidity and live birth on dry bones, informations that are needed to understand the child’s position in society. Biological studies reveal for the first research axis shape differences by age at death and populations, as well as the existence of directional and fluctuating asymmetries. Results provide evidences of strong biological proximity in the kerma group, potentially indicating of endogamy. On the contrary, the diversity of the medieval and modern group appears broader and could reflect socio-geographical factors or secular trends. The second line of research reveals the mechanical sensitivity of muscular insertions as a key parameter for tracking of live-born subjects. The study of the kerma collection provides the first archaeological identification of the supernumerary cervical rib, detected as a morbidity criterion in perinatal period. Lastly, crossing of biological and archaeological data on the 8B-51 necropolis provides an interpretative framework for funerary treatments dedicated to the perinatal age group in Classic Kerma
Sachet, Isabelle. "La mort dans l'Arabie antique : Pratiques funéraires nabatéennes comparées." Paris, EPHE, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EPHE4099.
Full textIn this dissertation, we try to compare the funerary practices of the Nabataeans with those of their neighbours in ancient North Arabia, such as the Jews, the Palmyrenes as well as nomadic tribes living on the desert fringes. The area under Nabataean influence which is included in this study is the Ḥawrān, the Ḥijāz, , the Negev and Sinai. The aim is a synthesis based on archaeological data, both new and old, as well as literary and epigraphic sources. The first part of volume 1 is a typological study of Nabataean funerary monuments. It is followed by a study of the development of the necropoles followed in turn by a study of the spatial organisation of the areas devoted to funerary, domestic and religious monuments. The second part of the first volume offers a synthesis on Nabataean funerary practices as well as an essay on Nabataean society. Volumes 2 and 3 contain respectively the catalogue of the all recorded Nabataean tombs and the plates
Perez, Emilie. "L'enfant au miroir des sépultures médiévales (Gaule, VIe-XIIe siècle)." Phd thesis, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00975133.
Full textDamphousse, Violaine. "Le cimetière en Mauricie : espace sacré, espace social et lieu de mémoire : le cas du cimetière Saint-Louis de Trois-Rivières, 1865-1950." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2008. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/1626/1/030096694.pdf.
Full textDehays, Antonin. "Combattre et mourir en Normandie : histoire et mémoire des morts de l'armée américaine au cours de la bataille de Normandie : de 1944 à nos jours." Caen, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CAEN1015.
Full textFrom June the 6th to September the 12th, 1944, from the Ally landings on the coasts of Calvados and La Manche through the liberation of the city of Le Havre, around 145,000 soldiers (Allies and Germans) and civilians died during the battle of Normandy. Among those victims, 33,463 infantrymen, sailors and airmen were killed in action and buried on Norman soil since the summer of 1944. This work intends to tell the story of those very particular dead. In order to fill a gap in the historiography of the battle of Normandy, this thanatological study will analyze – between the United States and Normandy – the perception of death and its evolutions, from 1944 to present day, and the numerous behaviors generated among the living. In order to do this, the first chapter will conceptualize the attitudes of the American soldiers and civilians facing death during war, including several misbehaviors against the enemy. The second chapter will focus on the role of the American government in its handling of the victims of the battle of Normandy, first through the creation of the temporary military cemeteries in France and also via several practices meant to soothe the sorrow of the next of kin. The third chapter will be dedicated to the representation of death since the creation of the American permanent military cemeteries in Normandy. Since 1944, the American dead have been remembered respectfully however their image has been exploited during the commemorations of the battle of Normandy
Maines, Emma. "Diversité biologique et archéologie de la mort : une approche populationnelle et culturelle du Néolithique soudanais (Haute-Nubie)." Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01H078.
Full textThe human remains and excavation archives from 5 cemeteries from the Kadruka concession represented a unique opportunity for the study of the evolution of Neolithic populations and funerary practices in Neolithic Upper Nubia. The aim of this doctoral thesis was to reconstruct the biology of these populations (their health and lifeways) as well as to examine the specific practices at work in the different sequences of the funerary cycle within a chronological framework. Through the study of the 643 individuals (for the biological analysis) and 734 structures (for the archaeological analysis) from KDK 1, KDK 2, KDK 18, KDK 21 and KDK 23 and their comparison, it was possible to discuss the homogeneity of these populations from a biological and cultural standpoint. While the analysis of non-metric anatomical variation (specifically the discrete dental traits) points toward an overall continuity and uniformity throughout the Neolithic, though arguments may also be advanced based on this data for thinking flexibly about population admixture and processes of acculturation following migration patterns that may be multiple and discontinuous. Mortality profiles, non-specific stress markers, and other palaeopathological and occupational indicators, provide evidence of significant variability with biological, as well as cultural implications. Elements related to the processes of change at work within these societies, at a critical chronological and cultural juncture in the Prehistory of Upper Nubia, are perceptible through the study of these funerary groups. For example the exclusion of younger infants within burial areas otherwise including the remains of older individuals, the percentage of carious teeth incidence within populations and the use of teeth as tools, all speak to shifts in economy, subsistence and the structuring of society. While our analysis of funerary practice appears globally homogenous, our data also points to significant variability within an otherwise established and stable funerary sequence (important shifts in grave goods, variable occupation and structuring of the cemetery space, etc.). Finally, this work takes a critical look at the place the Kadruka concession now occupies within the greater understanding of the funerary experience in Prehistoric Sudan, as well as along the Nile river valley and across the Sahara. In examining data from a synchronic and diachronic perspective, across a wide variety of regions and contexts, we achieved our goal of identifying cultural undercurrents, evolutions and particularities for the Kadruka ensemble, as well as for the Sudanese Neolithic more broadly
Bel, Valérie. "Recherches sur la nécropole gallo-romaine du Valladas à Saint-Paul-Trois-Châteaux (Drôme)." Aix-Marseille 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1992AIX10041.
Full textExcavations at the cemetery of the valladas at saint-paul-trois-chateaux (drome, france) yielded a group of 230 graves (incinerations and inhumations) dating back from between 20 a. D. And 200 a. D. , together with the foundations of a circular mausoleum. The site was most densely occupied at the end of the ist century a. D. Clusters of graves sometimes are enclosed within masonry walls or mere ditches, and so, it is possible to reconstruct the limits of funeral plots, themselves defined according to the pattern of the "cadastre b" of orange. The evolution of funeral rites brought about the inhumation of adult persons during the 2nd century; an extension of primary incinerations, from the middle of the ist century on; and, correlatively, the gradual disappearence of the traditional rite which was a secondary incineration with an urn. The most usual burial technique is secondary incineration without any urn, much simpler and poorer. There is indeed some relationship between the amount of offerings and the more or less comoplicated organization of the grave. Such an organization is dictated by very exact rules, which can be inferred, for instance, from the way objects are placed according to their respective kind (vessels, scent flasks lamps, food offerings, personal belongings. . . ) with the passin of time
Giampaoli, Michelangelo. "Dépasser les limites : vie et transgression quotidienne au Père-Lachaise à Paris." Thesis, Paris 10, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA100056.
Full textSituated in the heart of Paris, Père-Lachaise is a magnificent monumental cimetery with more than two centuries of history. Every year two millions people visit Père-Lachaise as if it were a big open air museum; every day for hundreds of Parisians it represents a privileged place to walk, meet people and do open air activities. For many peolpe who live in the same neighbourhood as the cemetery it is a precious source of income.Besides its principal function as a necropolis, the cemetery has become a unique and extremely complex place: a space where the collective memory is connected often to particular ideologies of resistance and change, a space where the overlap of different natures allows bahviours which are unthinkable eslewhere.For example the cemetery is one of the favourite places if eroticism in Paris. Transgression marks, in a deep way, the life and the perception of the cemetery, in différent forms in the 44 hectares of the Père-Lachaise