Journal articles: 'Circuito RC'

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Mendoza, Diana Sofía, Javier Solano, and Rodrigo Correa. "Modelo de operador fraccional para describir la dinámica de lossupercondensadores." Revista UIS Ingenierías 19, no. 3 (April 2020): 79–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.18273/revuin.v19n3-2020008.

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Este artículo propone un nuevo circuito equivalente para modelar supercondensadores. El circuito propuesto es unarreglo de circuitos RC serie descritos por ecuaciones diferenciales fraccionarias conformables. Se implementa unalgoritmo de identificación de parámetros delcircuito equivalente, que utiliza como entrada datos experimentales. Losresultados de validación obtenidos muestran que un circuito equivalente que emplea el operador conformable puedeser utilizado para modelar el comportamiento real del supercondensador

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Souza, Lucas Gomes de, Daesung Robson Simioni da Costa, Nadia Ferreira de Andrade Esmeraldo, and Paulo César Linhares da Silva. "O USO DO ARDUINO PARA O ESTUDO DE CIRCUITOS DO TIPO RC." Conexões - Ciência e Tecnologia 15 (June 21, 2021): 021009. http://dx.doi.org/10.21439/conexoes.v15i0.1914.

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O presente trabalho visa realizar um guia prático de estudo sobre circuitos RC a partir de um protótipo baseado em Arduino. As equações de tensão, carga e corrente elétrica durante os processos de armazenamento e decaimento de energia no capacitor foram analisadas utilizando o software de simulação computacional GNU Octave® e em seguida, foram comparadas com o circuito proposto utilizando o Arduino. Como resultado, foram obtidas curvas que descrevem o comportamento das variáveis tensão, carga e corrente elétrica durante os processos de carga e descarga do capacitor analisado. Estas são as grandezas físicas de interesse no estudo de circuitos do tipo RC. Desta forma, o presente artigo descreve uma proposta didática de ensino de Física via conceitos de Programação e simulação computacional.

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Sánchez P., Giovanni, and Lely Adriana Luengas C. "Aplicación del modelo RC en sistemas biológicos (mecánica ventilatoria)." INVENTUM 6, no. 10 (February 1, 2011): 16–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.26620/uniminuto.inventum.6.10.2011.16-23.

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Se ha observado que en el área de la medicina se requiere contar con modelos de los sistemas funcionales del cuerpo humano para poder entender su funcionamiento y las patologías presentes, es allí cuando la ingeniería realiza un apoyo efectivo, aportando su saber en la construcción de estos modelos, en la simulación de los mismos y en la interrelación entre estas dos áreas que da la validación del modelo. Los sistemas eléctricos son ampliamente utilizados en el modelamiento de procesos ya sean de tipo mecánico, hidráulico y neumático, pero pocas veces en sistemas biológicos, a pesar de ser de gran ayuda en la elaboración de modelos de este tipo. En el presente artículo se muestra un modelo biológico unicompartimental de la mecánica ventilatoria, su análogo en circuitos eléctricos, un circuito RC, y los resultados arrojados en un software de simulación, tanto en condiciones normales como en una condición patológica.

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Alpízar-Castillo, Joel. "Diseño de un inversor trifásico de siete niveles controlado con máquina de estados." Revista Tecnología en Marcha 30, no. 2 (August 7, 2017): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.18845/tm.v30i2.3200.

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El presente artículo describe el diseño del circuito de un inversor trifásico de siete niveles, seccionado en tres etapas: etapa de generación de onda monofásica, etapa de control y etapa de desfase. Para la etapa de generación de onda monofásica se utilizó un inversor asimétrico en cascada partiendo de tiristores. Para la etapa de control se utilizó una máquina de estados finitos con flip-flops JK. Para la etapa de desfase se prefirió un circuito desfasador con monoestables sobre circuito desfasador RC, debido a las pérdidas que produce en el sistema y efectos negativos en la onda de salida.

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Serrano Pérez, Edgar. "Modelado con lógica difusa del circuito RC en serie con hardware y software de bajo costo." Revista de Ciencia y Tecnología, no. 35 (May 5, 2021): 61–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.36995/j.recyt.2021.35.008.

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En este trabajo se presenta el desarrollo del modelado de la respuesta a un escalón de 5 Volts de un circuito RC conectado en serie. Se presenta el método de identificación del sistema utilizando una tarjeta basada en Arduino Nano como sistema de adquisición de datos. A partir de los datos experimentales obtenidos, se definieron las funciones de membresía de la entrada y salida del sistema difuso, cuya implementación se realizó a través de la caja de herramientas de lógica difusa en Scilab. Un conjunto de 11 reglas permitió relacionar las entradas con las salidas en un sistema de inferencia de tipo Mamdani. El trabajo engloba la combinación de elementos de hardware de bajo costo con programas de uso libre para la integración didáctica que permite introducir conceptos fundamentales de la lógica difusa en un enfoque de aplicación física práctica. Los resultados del modelado difuso se comparan tanto con los resultados obtenidos experimentales, como los resultados numéricos que se obtienen utilizando la formulación analítica clásica para el sistema de circuito RC conectado en serie.

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Bardin, Ludmila, Mário José Pedro Júnior, and Jener Fernando Leite de Moraes. "Risco climático de ocorrência de doenças fúngicas na videira 'Niagara Rosada' na região do Polo Turístico do Circuito das Frutas do estado de São Paulo." Bragantia 69, no. 4 (December 2010): 1019–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0006-87052010000400030.

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O Polo Turístico do Circuito das Frutas do Estado de São Paulo congrega municípios produtores de uva comum de mesa, principalmente a cultivar "Niagara Rosada"�. Observa-se que no processo produtivo ocorre severa influência de doenças fúngicas foliares e seu controle chega a 30% do custo de produção. Nesse contexto, o objetivo foi determinar o risco climático (RC) de ocorrência das doenças fúngicas na 'Niagara Rosada' por meio da análise de séries históricas de dados pluviométricos diários para estimativa do número de pulverizações necessárias (NPchuva). O RC, assim como o NPchuva, foram calculados em cada época de poda, e para os diferentes municípios da região. A regionalização das áreas em função da necessidade de pulverização para controle de doenças fúngicas determinada pela ocorrência de chuvas, foi feita por meio de sistemas de informações geográficas (SIG) utilizando os valores médios de RC estimados, por equações de regressão linear, obtidas em função da altitude. Nas podas efetuadas em setembro, o RC foi mais elevado que nas de julho, sendo os valores mais elevados superiores a 70% e os menores, inferiores a 20% respectivamente.

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Carlin, N., E. M. Szanto, R. Ichiwaki, F. O. Jorge, W. A. Seale, and F. A. Souza. "Estudo de filtros RC para baixas e altas freqüências por meio de um circuito para superposição de sinais." Revista Brasileira de Ensino de Física 32, no. 1 (March 2010): 1309–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1806-11172010000100009.

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Apresentamos nesse trabalho, um experimento realizado nos Laboratórios didáticos do Instituto de Física da USP, relacionado ao estudo do funcionamento de filtros RC para baixas e altas freqüências. Para tal, foi especialmente projetado um circuito que efetua a superposição de um sinal gerado internamente, a uma onda senoidal externa. Várias situações experimentais podem ser geradas, por meio da variação da freqüência, tanto do sinal interno quanto da onda senoidal externa. Um estudo das componentes de freqüência de Fourier é também realizado para se estabelecer os parâmetros de funcionamento dos filtros. O funcionamento dos circuitos como integradores e diferenciadores também é explorado. Os estudantes são, portanto, levados a compreender a eficácia desses filtros mais simples, dependendo das freqüências dos sinais de entrada e correspondentes componentes de Fourier, e das freqüências de corte estabelecidas.

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Martín, Carlos Ramírez, and Óscar Durán Avendaño. "Técnicas de medida para la capacitancia y resistencia eléctrica de una membrana de bicapa lipídica." I3+ 2, no. 1 (February 28, 2015): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.24267/23462329.73.

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Las membranas de bicapa lipídica plana (BLM) han sido utilizadas en un variado número de aplicaciones que van desde la biofísica, la investigación práctica, el estudio de microchips y su desarrollo como biosensores utilizando membranas de bicapa lipídicas soportadas. Se presenta una visión general sobre el origen del concepto de bicapa lipídica, su asociación con el comportamiento de un circuito eléctrico RC en paralelo y sus propiedades eléctricas más relevantes, capacitancia y resistencia eléctrica. Se exploran las técnicas instrumentales utilizadas para cuantificar estas propiedades eléctricas y que permiten caracterizar el desempeño de BLM frente a su interacción con una diversidad de agentes fisicoquímicos externos.

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Domínguez Mercado, Claudia Alejandra, José De Jesús Brambila Paz, Aquiles Carballo Carballo, and Adrián Raymundo Quero Carrillo. "Red de valor para maíz con alta calidad de proteína." Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Agrícolas 5, no. 3 (March 5, 2018): 391–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v5i3.945.

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En México el retardo en el crecimiento (RC) afecta a más de 15% de los niños menores de cinco años, consecuencia de la desnutrición en niños, madres gestantes y lactantes. El maíz es uno de los cereales más importante a nivel mundial; en México, constituye la base de la alimentación y principal fuente de energía y proteínas de la población. Por desgracia su proteína es deficiente en aminoácidos esenciales relacionados directamente con el desarrollo físico. El maíz con alta calidad de proteína (QPM, por sus siglas en inglés) es una alternativa para disminuir los índices de RC dado que contiene hasta 90% más de aminoácidos esenciales. La presente investigación busca demostrar la factibilidad de formar una red de valor específica para maíz QPM en el municipio de Puebla para el año 2012; con este objetivo se proyectaron potenciales de mercado, oferta primaria, demanda primaria y demanda derivada para el municipio de Puebla en 2012; se realizó una evaluación financiera tradicional, para determinar viabilidad económica. Las conclusiones relevantes fueron: es posible formular una red de valor con base en el circuito de comercialización del maíz emitido por el SIAP. Existen las condiciones demográficas, físicas y económicas para poner en marcha el abastecimiento de tortillas elaboradas con maíz tipo QPM; la oferta puede cubrir la demanda generada. Al evaluar cada uno de los agentes se obtuvieron indicadores financieros positivos para todos ellos, por lo que es viable la integración de la red.

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Saldarriaga Agudelo, Wilmer De Jesus, Melisa Buendia, and Victor Hugo Zapata Sanchez. "Caracterización eléctrica del sistema Co3O4 + PVOH mediante el uso de la técnica de espectroscopia de impedancia compleja (IS) en altas temperaturas." Revista científica 2, no. 32 (May 1, 2018): 129–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.14483/23448350.12420.

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Resultados en espectroscopia de impedancia muestran valores altos en conductividad eléctrica (10-3–10-4 S/cm) en muestras de Co3O4 + PVOH con barridos en temperatura entre los 80 y 200 °C, indicando un fuerte enlace estructural entre los iones de Co3+Co2+ y su entorno con el sistema encontrando energías de activación para el ion cobalto de ~ 1.13 eV y ajustando mediante el modelo Arrhenius. Los barridos en frecuencia muestran un comportamiento dinámico reflejado en los gráficos de la parte imaginaria del módulo eléctrico y la impedancia entre 42 Hz y 5 MHz permitiendo el ajuste y análisis de datos a un circuito RC, con valores de capacitancia del orden de 10-9 nF. Los resultados de la conductancia con frecuencia muestran un comportamiento que obedece la ley universal de relajación de Jonscher (s = sdc+α ωn) con valores obtenidos para el exponente n (0,7< n < 1), también los gráficos de la frecuencia pico de relajación wp vs. Temperatura nos muestran un proceso activado térmicamente con la misma energía de activación del ion.

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BÖHME, FRANK, and WOLFGANG SCHWARZ. "TRANSFORMATIONS OF CIRCUITS BELONGING TO CHUA'S CIRCUIT FAMILY INTO NONLINEAR FEEDBACK LOOPS MADE OF PASSIVE RC-FILTER AND ACTIVE MEMORYLESS NONLINEARITY." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 03, no. 02 (June 1993): 293–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126693000216.

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This paper deals with the inductor-free realizations of the four known circuits (see Refs. 1, 2) belonging to Chua's circuit family by using a simple feedback system consisting of a linear passive RC-filter and a nonlinear amplifier. The basic approach and the design principles and the parameter ranges, where equivalent RC-circuits can be realized are given.

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Hou, C. L., and W. Y. Wang. "Circuit transformation method from OTA-C circuits into CFA-based RC circuits." IEE Proceedings - Circuits, Devices and Systems 144, no. 4 (1997): 209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ip-cds:19971291.

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Espinosa-Castro, Jhon Franklin. "Solución de modelos matemáticos, utilizando el software derive en aplicaciones de ecuaciones diferenciales de primer orden." ECOMATEMATICO 4, no. 1 (January 1, 2013): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.22463/17948231.131.

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Con el continuo avance de las ciencias exactas, a través de la tecnología en diferentes contextos reales, se han utilizado modelos matemáticos representados por ecuaciones diferenciales que describen el fenómeno que se quiere analizar, y la solución ha permitido dar respuestas satisfactorias en el estudio y manipulación de variables. Por tal razón, se realizó el siguiente artículo, en el cual se explican diversas aplicaciones de las ecuaciones diferenciales de primer orden en biología, química, física y economía por medio del software matemático Derive, empleando dos tipos de metodología: aplicativa y explicativa. Entre los temas tratados hay dos grupos; en el primero se encuentran: temperatura de un objeto al salir de un horno, crecimiento de una colonia bacteriana, carga e intensidad de corriente de un circuito RC, concentración de sal en un tanque con salmuera y saldo de una cuenta bancaria con interés continuo, los cuales se determinan con respecto al paso del tiempo; y en el segundo están: el ácido valproic en el cuerpo, contaminación del lago Michigan y datación de un fósil con carbono 14, en los cuales se halló un tiempo de acuerdo a los datos suministrados; debido a lo anterior, solo los ejercicios del primer grupo tienen gráficas, y son exponenciales. Por ultimo, se determinó que todos los ejercicios realizados tenían en común la intervención del tiempo. Además, se utilizó una constante adimensional dependiendo de la aplicación.

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Hessel, Roberto, and Ângelo C. Perinotto. "Usando um voltímetro para medir tempo." Revista Brasileira de Ensino de Física 33, no. 4 (December 2011): 4316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1806-11172011000400017.

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As vezes, para se medir um intervalo de tempo, é suficiente um cronômetro, outras vezes é preciso imaginar ou lançar mão de métodos indiretos. Neste trabalho exploramos um método indireto para medir intervalos de tempo baseado na curva de descarga de um capacitor através de um resistor. O capacitor, previamente carregado, esta ligado em série com o resistor e uma chave apropriada inicialmente aberta. Quando a chave é acionada durante um certo tempo, o capacitor perde parte de sua carga e a tensão nos seus terminais cai para um valor V. Medindo-se a tensão inicial V0 e a tensão V, determina-se a partir da curva de descarga ou da equação de descarga de um capacitor num circuito RC o tempo t durante o qual a chave permaneceu fechada. O método consiste justamente em associar a duração de um evento ao tempo t durante o qual a chave permaneceu fechada. Para medir V e V0 sem que o capacitor se descarregue através da resistência interna do voltímetro, acoplamos a ele um amplificador operacional (CA 3140), montado na configuração seguidor emissor. O método foi testado com sucesso numa série de experiências que realizamos. Numa delas, por exemplo, medimos a duração de uma colisão entre duas esferas de aço e, numa outra, medimos a velocidade de um projétil disparado por uma carabina de pressão.

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Abuelma'atti, Muhammad Taher, and Muhammad Haroon Khan. "On The Realization of Low/High Frequency CCII+ Based Oscillators Employing Grounded Resistors and Lossy Capacitors." Active and Passive Electronic Components 17, no. 4 (1995): 269–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1995/19804.

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New RC oscillator circuits are presented. Each circuit uses two second-generation positive current-conveyors, three grounded capacitors and four grounded resistors. The circuits enjoy independent control of the frequency and the condition of oscillation and are very attractive for integration. The circuits can realize high and low frequencies of oscillation. Simulation results are included.

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Yang, Z. "Comment: Circuit transformation method from OTA-C circuits into CFA-based RC circuits." IEE Proceedings - Circuits, Devices and Systems 146, no. 2 (1999): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ip-cds:19990173.

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Ran, Manjie, Xiaozhong Liao, Da Lin, and Ruocen Yang. "Analog Realization of Fractional-Order Capacitor and Inductor via the Caputo–Fabrizio Derivative." Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics 25, no. 3 (May 20, 2021): 291–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.2021.p0291.

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Capacitors and inductors have been proven to exhibit fractional-order characteristics. Therefore, the establishment of fractional-order models for circuits containing such components is of great significance in practical circuit analysis. This study establishes the impedance models of fractional-order capacitors and inductors based on the Caputo–Fabrizio derivative and performs the analog realization of fractional-order electronic components. The mathematical models of fractional RC, RL, and RLC electrical circuits are deduced and verified via a comparison between the numerical simulation and the corresponding circuit simulation. The electrical characteristics of the fractional circuits are analyzed. This study not only enriches the models of fractional capacitors and inductors, but can also be applied to the description of circuit characteristics to obtain more accurate results.

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Chien, Hung-Chun. "New Realizations of Single OTRA-Based Sinusoidal Oscillators." Active and Passive Electronic Components 2014 (2014): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/938987.

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This study proposes three new sinusoidal oscillators based on an operational transresistance amplifier (OTRA). Each of the proposed oscillator circuits consists of one OTRA combined with a few passive components. The first circuit is an OTRA-based minimum RC oscillator. The second circuit is capable of providing independent control on the condition of oscillation without affecting the oscillation frequency. The third circuit exhibits independent control of oscillation frequency through a capacitor. This study first introduces the OTRA and the related formulations of the proposed oscillator circuits, and then discusses the nonideal effects, sensitivity analyses, and frequency stability of the presented circuits. The proposed oscillators exhibit low sensitivities and good frequency stability. Because the presented circuits feature low impedance output, they can be connected directly to the next stage without cascading additional voltage buffers. HSPICE simulations and experimental results confirm the feasibility of the new oscillator circuits.

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Yang, Jie, Jun Liu, Jia Liang Wen, Yu Feng Qiu, Hai Long Bao, Tao Yao, Zhong Yuan Chen, and Zhi Xia Wang. "Study of Snubber Circuits in the Voltage Source Converter Based on Series-Connected IGBTs." Applied Mechanics and Materials 568-570 (June 2014): 1238–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.568-570.1238.

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The DC voltage of the VSC is very high and it is necessary to connect several IGBT in series. Some snubber circuits have to be used to restrain the over-voltage of IGBTs so as to avoid its damage and the snubber circuit will increase the current stress too. The over-voltage of IGBT in the converters is studied in the paper firstly. Then, the common snubber circuits used in series-connected IGBTs are discussed and compared. A simulated model is set up in Saber to study the snubber circuit at last, the results show that the RC snubber circuit is more suitable for series-connected IGBTs.

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Rao S.P., Venu Madhava. "Multi Frequency Approach to Analog Fault Diagnosis using Pole Sensitivity Analysis." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 7, no. 1 (November 21, 2013): 934–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/ijmit.v7i1.711.

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In this paper an efficient algorithm using multi-frequency approach has been applied to fault diagnosis of analog electronic circuits using Pole Sensitivity analysis. In this paper, after application of the multi frequency approach to the pole sensitivity analysis the results show that the fault diagnosis of the circuit has increased. This has been proved by taking two circuits a second order Sallen Key Filter and RC Ladder network.

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Kiela, Karolis, and Romualdas Navickas. "AUTOMATED INTEGRATED ANALOG FILTER DESIGN ISSUES / AUTOMATIZUOTOJO INTEGRINIŲ ANALOGINIŲ FILTRŲ PROJEKTAVIMO YPATUMAI." Mokslas – Lietuvos ateitis 7, no. 3 (July 13, 2015): 323–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mla.2015.793.

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An analysis of modern automated integrated analog circuits design methods and their use in integrated filter design is done. Current modern analog circuits automated tools are based on optimization algorithms and/or new circuit generation methods. Most automated integrated filter design methods are only suited to gmC and switched current filter topologies. Here, an algorithm for an active RC integrated filter design is proposed, that can be used in automated filter designs. The algorithm is tested by designing an integrated active RC filter in a 65 nm CMOS technology. Atlikta naujausių integrinių analoginių grandynų automatizuotojo projektavimo metodų ir jų taikymo projektuojant integrinius filtrus analizė. Modernios analoginių grandynų automatizavimo priemonės yra grindžiamos esamos topologijos optimizacijos algoritmais ir/arba naujų elektroninių principinių schemų generavimo būdais. Didžioji dauguma literatūroje aprašytų automatizuotojo integrinių filtrų projektavimo metodų yra skirti tik gm-C arba perjungiamos srovės/talpos topologijos filtrams. Darbe siūlomas naujas integrinių aktyviųjų RC filtrų projektavimo algoritmas, įvertinantis integrinių technologijų elementų nuokrypius. Jis patikrintas suprojektavus integrinį aktyvųjį RC filtrą taikant 65 nm KMOP technologiją ir Cadence programinį paketą.

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Wang, Zhen Yan, Zhi Mei Chen, and Jing Gang Zhang. "Simulation and Experimental Study of FRD Snubber Circuits in Buck Converter." Advanced Materials Research 463-464 (February 2012): 1350–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.463-464.1350.

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In buck converter, the reverse recovery failure may cause electrical spikes and deteriorate the circuit performance. In this paper, the snubber circuits for FRD in Buck converter are presented and the simulation and experimental study are investigated. RC snubber, saturated inductance snubber and RCD snubber are developed and simulated by PSpice to reduce the voltage spikes of FRD. The comparisons of the voltage spike show the advantages of the snubber circuit for the reverse recovery failure of FRD. In a Buck converter experimental system with RCD snubber circuits, the measured voltage show that the voltage spike of FRD can be suppressed effectively. Simulation and experimental results prove that the snubber circuits presented is easy to implement and can improve the buck converter performance

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Filipova-Petrakieva, S. K., and Y. M. Shopov. "Electrical Device Protection from Overvoltage in a DC Power Supply Network: Fast-acting Protection, Realized by an “Artificial” Short Circuit in the Input of the Protected Device." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 10, no. 1 (February 3, 2020): 5314–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.3316.

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In the present paper a protective device based on the so-called “artificial” short circuit in the input of the network, is proposed. To ensure the necessary time for switching on the protection, the increased power supply voltage is delayed to reach in the input of the protected device by additional inductance L, which is connected in series to the power supply. As a result of this forced short circuit, the DC-power supply is switched off by a standard protective circuit-breaker. The short circuit is realized by a fast-acting semi-conductor device (e.g. diac + thyristor, etc.). The controlling signal is formed as a voltage across a capacitor that is a part of RC-circuits connected in parallel to the DC-power supply network. An analytical expression for this voltage, using a classical method for transient analysis, is obtained. The main aim is to determine the exact time of switching on the protection. The research is confirmed with simulations by OrCAD PSpice under the exact values of the elements in the RC-circuits considered. Two rapid increase cases in the power supply voltage are considered: positive jump and linear increase. The suggested solution is applicable for overvoltage protection of different electrical devices. The electrical scheme, based on the electronic components, ensures a fast-acting breaking, which guarantees secure protection. Based on the analytical expressions, the synthesis of the circuit for control and protection is made and the respective values of its elements are calculated.

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Ibarra, F. Sandoval, and S. Ortega Cisneros. "Nyquist Model based Thermal Noise AnalysisFrom Passive Components to CMOS Circuits." International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering 11, no. 1 (January 26, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.46338/ijetae0121_01.

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The analysis of thermal noise in network components that have resistive properties is presented. Noise analysis, based on the Nyquist model, is calculated as the rms (voltage or current equivalent) noise generated by a transimpedance, which is the concept used by general-purpose circuit simulators like Spice. It shows how this concept is used and understood in RC circuits, and how to evaluate its effect in analog circuits, particularly in the design of CMOS integrated circuits. It is shown that the magnitude of the noise generated by a transistor is not of interest, but the net effect of all sources of thermal noise in circuits and systems, fundamentally, when the miniaturization of the transistor implies reducing the value of the supply voltages. The ultimate purpose of this contribution is to highlight the importance of noise analysis using fundamentals of circuit theory and identify the variables under the designer's control to minimize their effect on the performance of the circuits under development.

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Lin, Yuan, Chun Hua Wang, Jin Wen Yin, and Yan Hu. "A Simple Grid Multiscroll Chaotic Electronic Oscillator Employing CFOAs." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 24, no. 02 (February 2014): 1450017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127414500175.

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In this paper, a novel grid multiscroll chaotic electronic oscillator with simple circuit design is proposed. The proposed grid multiscroll chaotic circuit only needs two current feedback operational amplifiers (CFOAs) as current integrators, passive RC, and nonlinear elements in the form of current stair nonlinear function series (SNFS) realized with CFOAs. Compared with existing grid multiscroll circuits such as Chua's circuit and Jerk circuit, etc., its component count is reduced. Mathematical models of the proposed generators are derived. Theoretical analysis and numerical simulations of the derived models are included. Moreover, the experimental results are verified that the proposed simpler chaotic electronic oscillator can generate grid multiscroll chaotic attractors with higher frequency.

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Abuelma'atti, Muhammad Taher, and Muhammad Haroon Khan. "Grounded Capacitor Oscillators Using A Single Operational Transconductance Amplifier." Active and Passive Electronic Components 19, no. 2 (1996): 91–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1996/17943.

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New oscillator circuits using operational transconductance amplifiers (OTAs) are presented. Each circuit uses a single OTA and grounded capacitors. The feasibility of obtaining oscillators with independent control of frequency and oscillation is considered. Also, the feasibility of exploiting, to advantage, the frequency dependence of the OTA-transconductance is considered. This may result in OTA-based RC oscillators using only one externally-connected capacitor.

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Gordon, J. E., and P. R. Grant. "Series RC circuits revisited." American Journal of Physics 72, no. 5 (May 2004): 655–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.1645278.

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SHEIKH, NADEEM AHMAD, DENNIS LING CHUAN CHING, SAMI ULLAH, and ILYAS KHAN. "MATHEMATICAL AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF RL AND RC FRACTIONAL-ORDER CIRCUITS." Fractals 28, no. 08 (July 10, 2020): 2040030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218348x20400307.

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The RL and RC circuits are analyzed in this research paper. The classical model of these circuits is generalized using the modern concept of fractional derivative with Mittag-Leffler function in its kernel. The fractional differential equations are solved for exact solutions using the Laplace transform technique and the inverse transformation. The obtained solutions are plotted and presented in tables to show the effect of resistance, inductance and fractional parameter on current and voltage. Furthermore, the statistical analysis is presented to predict the seasonal of time and other parameters on the current flowing in the circuit. The statistical analysis shows that the variation in current is insignificant with respect to time and is more significant with respect to other parameters.

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Priambodo, Purnomo Sidi, Yosua Adriadi, and Taufiq Alif Kurniawan. "Transformerless SoC-based current control switching battery charger for e-vehicle: design and analysis." E3S Web of Conferences 67 (2018): 03044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20186703044.

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Electric-based vehicles become a necessity in the future to dramatically reduce the effects of pollution. There are various devices involve in the operation of electric vehicles, one of which is a battery charger. This paper discusses the design steps, circuit and ripple performance analysis associated with building a battery charger system. The analysis shows the differences between RL and RC circuits in controlling the output voltage average and the ripples. It shows how RLC mixed circuit improve performance in both controlling the output voltage average and the ripple suppression.

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Simatupang, Joni Welman, Wilbert Wijaya, David Tyler, and Clementine Mavridis. "Simulation analysis of equivalent circuit model of skin-electrode impedance for transcutaneous electrical stimulation." Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 10, no. 4 (August 1, 2021): 1936–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/eei.v10i4.3080.

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For more than 50 years, transcutaneous electrical stimulation method has been used to cure the spinal cord injury, stroke or cerebral palsy. This method works by activating the excitable nerves, muscle fibers by electrical current stimulation through electrode to skin interface. Electrode to skin interface requires equivalent circuit to overcome the inability of measuring the skin resistivity directly. We have learned several previous models, which are from Lawler, Moineau and Keller and Kuhn. Unfortunately, Moineau model neglects the capacitance effect, while Lawler and Keller and Kuhn include capacitive and resistive nature of skin in their equivalent circuits. Both models consisted of only one parallel RC block. Therefore, this paper presents the simulation results of the proposed equivalent circuit model using two parallel RC circuits. Simulation of the proposed model is conducted in MATLAB 2015a and compared with two previous models using certain parameters. Results show that the proposed model obtained the impedance of 10.830 kΩ when it is simulated using 100Hz frequency, for Lawler model the impedance is 5.340 kΩ and Keller and Kuhn model the impedance obtained is 6.490 kΩ. The proposed model has the refined impedance compared with other models and is expected to deliver better electrical stimulation.

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Amirnudin, Amirul Adlan, Farahiyah Mustafa, Anis Maisarah Mohd Asry, and Sy Yi Sim. "Vibration Based Energy Harvesting Interface Circuit using Diode-Capacitor Topologies for Low Power Applications." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 8, no. 4 (December 1, 2017): 1943. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v8.i4.pp1943-1947.

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<span>A battery-less energy harvesting interface circuit to extract electrical energy from vibration has been proposed in this paper for low power applications. The voltage doubler integrated with DC – DC boost converter circuits were designed and simulated using MultiSIM software. The circuit was then fabricated onto a printed circuit board (PCB), using standard fabrication process. The Cockcroft Walton doubler was chosen to be implemented in this study by utilizing diode-capacitor topologies with additional RC low pass filter. The DC – DC boost converter has been designed using a CMOS step -up DC – DC switching regulators, which are suitable for low input voltage system. The achievement of this interface circuit was able to boost up the maximum voltage of 5 V for input voltage of 800 mV.</span>

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Chen, Shun Tong, and Chih Hsien Chang. "Study on Thinning of a Boron-Doped Polycrystalline Diamond Wheel-Tool by Micro Rotary W-EDM Approach." Applied Mechanics and Materials 217-219 (November 2012): 2167–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.217-219.2167.

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This study presents a novel approach for using a micro rotary wire Electrical Discharge Machining (micro w-EDM) to thin the grinding-edge of a wheel-tool made from boron-doped polycrystalline composite diamond (PCD). For thinning the PCD, two discharge circuits (a Resistance-Capacitance (RC) circuit and a transistor) were used as power sources to obtain a grinding-edge of less than 10 µm in thickness and high surface quality. The wheel-blank is vertically mounted on a spindle and while rotating is thinned by micro w-EDM along a planned computer numerically controlled path. Experimental results verify that boron-doped PCD can be successfully thinned down to 5 µm in edge-thickness. The study shows it is possible to break (cut) diamonds of 10-µm grain size, leaving smooth surface-exposed diamonds at the cutting edge of the wheel tool. The dimensional and geometrical accuracy of the wheel-tool can be exactly controlled. Raman analysis reveals graphitizing of the PCD caused by local high temperature spark erosion at a peak of 1593 cm-1 in RC discharge circuit machining. The peak at 1332 cm-1 for the transistor circuit method indicates diamond sp3 structure. The surface degenerating layer produced by transistor circuit machining gives a suitably thin grinding edge with exposed diamond grains.

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KUMAR, VINOD, O. P. THAKUR, LAKSHMAN PANDEY, A. P. GUIMARAES, ANUBHA GOEL, OM PARKASH, and DEVENDRA KUMAR. "MODELING OF ELECTRICAL BEHAVIOR OF La0.7Ca0.3MnO3 CERAMIC USING IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY." Modern Physics Letters B 19, no. 15 (June 30, 2005): 697–706. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984905008621.

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The ceramic system La 0.7 Ca 0.3 MnO 3 was prepared by solid state method and impedance measurements were carried out as a function of frequency (100 Hz – 1 MHz) in the temperature range 303–529 K. An equivalent circuit model that represented the data well was arrived at by comparing the experimental plots with computer simulated complex immittance spectra of model circuits. It consisted of three parallel RC circuits connected in series indicating the presence of three processes present in the system. The resistances are found to follow the behavior R = R0 exp (E/kT). The values of activation energy E for these are obtained.

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Large, Adam M., Nathan W. Vogler, Martha Canto-Bustos, F. Kathryn Friason, Paul Schick, and Anne-Marie M. Oswald. "Differential inhibition of pyramidal cells and inhibitory interneurons along the rostrocaudal axis of anterior piriform cortex." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 34 (August 7, 2018): E8067—E8076. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1802428115.

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The spatial representation of stimuli in sensory neocortices provides a scaffold for elucidating circuit mechanisms underlying sensory processing. However, the anterior piriform cortex (APC) lacks topology for odor identity as well as afferent and intracortical excitation. Consequently, olfactory processing is considered homogenous along the APC rostral–caudal (RC) axis. We recorded excitatory and inhibitory neurons in APC while optogenetically activating GABAergic interneurons along the RC axis. In contrast to excitation, we find opposing, spatially asymmetric inhibition onto pyramidal cells (PCs) and interneurons. PCs are strongly inhibited by caudal stimulation sites, whereas interneurons are strongly inhibited by rostral sites. At least two mechanisms underlie spatial asymmetries. Enhanced caudal inhibition of PCs is due to increased synaptic strength, whereas rostrally biased inhibition of interneurons is mediated by increased somatostatin–interneuron density. Altogether, we show differences in rostral and caudal inhibitory circuits in APC that may underlie spatial variation in odor processing along the RC axis.

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AHN, Kyoung-Pyo, Ryo ISHIKAWA, Akira SAITOU, and Kazuhiko HONJO. "Synthesis for Negative Group Delay Circuits Using Distributed and Second-Order RC Circuit Configurations." IEICE Transactions on Electronics E92-C, no. 9 (2009): 1176–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1587/transele.e92.c.1176.

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36

Agarwal, K., D. Sylvester, and D. Blaauw. "A Simple Metric for Slew Rate of RC Circuits Based on Two Circuit Moments." IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems 23, no. 9 (September 2004): 1346–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcad.2004.833607.

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37

Cock, Mieke De, and Paul Janssen. "Pharmacokinetics and RC Circuit Concepts." Physics Teacher 51, no. 8 (November 2013): 482–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.4824943.

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38

Murarka, S. P., J. Steigerwald, and R. J. Gutmann. "Inlaid Copper Multilevel Interconnections Using Planarization by Chemical-Mechanical Polishing." MRS Bulletin 18, no. 6 (June 1993): 46–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400047321.

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Continuing advances in the fields of very-large-scale integration (VLSI), ultralarge-scale integration (ULSI), and gigascale integration (GSI), leading to the continuing development of smaller and smaller devices, have continually challenged the fields of materials, processes, and circuit designs. The existing metallization schemes for ohmic contacts, gate metal, and interconnections are inadequate for the ULSI and GSI era. An added concern is the reliability of aluminum and its alloys as the current carrier. Also, the higher resistivity of Al and its use in two-dimensional networks have been considered inadequate, since they lead to unacceptably high values of the so-called interconnection delay or RC delay, especially in microprocessors and application-specific integrated circuits (ICs). Here, R refers to the resistance of the interconnection and C to the total capacitance associated with the interlayer dielectric. For the fastest devices currently available and faster ones of the future, the RC delay must be reduced to such a level that the contribution of RC to switching delays (access time) becomes a small fraction of the total, which is a sum of the inherent device delay associated with the semiconductor, the device geometry and type, and the RC delay.

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Satish, TN, A. Vivek, SN Anagha, ANV Rao, G. Uma, M. Umapathy, U. Chandrasekhar, and G. Kiran. "Novel resistor-capacitor (RC) network-based capacitance signal conditioning circuit for tip clearance measurement on gas turbine engine." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering 234, no. 2 (August 12, 2019): 342–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954410019865853.

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Blade tip clearance is a critical engine health parameter measured on gas turbines. Increase in tip clearance results in decreased efficiency, whereas with decrease in clearance due to thermal and centrifugal loads, rotor blades might rub the engine case. Various sensing techniques are being used, among them, capacitance-based systems are widely used by many engine houses. Among the capacitance conditioning circuits, resistor-capacitor series network-based circuits are simple to implement but pose many challenges during practical development. During the current work, the authors have designed a novel capacitance conditioning circuit combining resistor-capacitor series network, instrumentation amplifiers, and direct current–direct current converters. Performance of the developed capacitance conditioning electronics was evaluated through lab testing and tip clearance measurement on fan stage of an aero gas turbine engine. The prototype conditioner circuit has efficiently conditioned and resolved small capacitances varying from 1.25 pF to 0.00413 pF for running clearances between 0.4 mm and 3 mm, respectively. The developed electronics produced high output with signal-to-noise ratio of 58.1 dB, resolution of 2.5 µm, bandwidth of about 700 kHz, and an accuracy of about 98%. This development has culminated towards miniaturization of the total electronics and has the potential to get developed as smart capacitance sensor. This paper explains the practical aspects and challenges involved while designing and developing such practical conditioning circuits.

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ELWAKIL, A. S., and M. P. KENNEDY. "GENERIC RC REALIZATIONS OF CHUA'S CIRCUIT." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 10, no. 08 (August 2000): 1981–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127400001225.

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We propose novel generic RC realizations of Chua's circuit. These realizations are based on the simplest possible models for second-order RC sinusoidal oscillators that are used to replace the active tank resonator in the classical Chua's circuit configuration. The sinusoidal oscillators are represented by circuit-independent black-box models. Hence, numerous circuit realizations can be derived.

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41

Sharma, Vijay Kumar. "Design of Low Leakage PVT Variations Aware CMOS Bootstrapped Driver Circuit." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 26, no. 09 (April 24, 2017): 1750137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126617501377.

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This paper describes a novel complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) bootstrapped driver circuit for driving large resistive capacitive (RC) loads. The proposed bootstrapped driver reduces the leakage as well as process, voltage and temperature (PVT) variations from the boosted nodes with higher switching speed. Very large scale integration (VLSI) designers need boosted output for the logic circuits which are operating in ultra-deep submicron regime under widespread use of low voltage. Proposed CMOS bootstrapped driver circuit is easy in design; built with minimum number of transistors and have high boosting efficiency with sharp output performance. Comparative evaluations with existing bootstrapped driver circuits are reported. Simulation results are derived by HSPICE tool with predictive technology model (PTM) bulk CMOS process fabrication at 32 nm technology node. The ability of large leakage reduction makes this driver superior as compared to active drivers. An average of 96.97% leakage current is saved at nominal ultra-low voltage of 0.15 V. Monte-Carlo analysis indicates that the proposed bootstrapped driver has less sensitivity of PVT variations. The power consumption and delay sensitivities are reduced by 10 × and 4.12 × as compared to conventional circuit.

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Klimiec, Ewa, Wiesław Zaraska, Jacek Piekarski, and Barbara Jasiewicz. "PVDF Sensors – Research on Foot Pressure Distribution in Dynamic Conditions." Advances in Science and Technology 79 (September 2012): 94–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.79.94.

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The paper presents a dynamic measurement method of the distribution of foot pressure exerted on the ground by a four-point shoe insole, developed by authors, which can be placed in any sport footwear. The value of pressure was measured on the heel, medial midfoot, metatarsal, and great toe by recording values of a generated voltage by sensors which were made of piezoelectric polymer PVDF film 110 µm thick with printed silver electrodes. As confirmed by scanning microscope studies, the foil applied in the sensors is semi-crystalline. The shoe measurement insert consists of two polyester films without piezoelectric properties between them, electroactive polymer sensors were placed. The films were glued together. To match the measuring circuit to the sensors used, two circuits were tested, a voltage measuring circuit with an input resistance of above 1012 Ω (open circuit), and a charge measuring circuit (shorted circuit). The charge measuring circuits with the RC high-pass filter, which attenuates the slow-changing pyroelectric signal was selected as it ensures the desired measurement accuracy. As presented in the paper, as PVDF sensors are very sensitive to any mechanical deformation, it is important to properly design the shoe insole to ensure its correct use during pressure distribution measurements. The measuring system developed by the authors, allows testing of foot pathology for any length of time in a dynamic way.

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Roy, Sanjay Kumar, Brahmadeo Prasad Singh, Kamal Kumar Sharma, and Cherry Bhargava. "Unique Analysis Approach to Bridge-T Network using Floating Admittance Matrix Method”." International Journal of Circuits, Systems and Signal Processing 15 (September 6, 2021): 1297–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.46300/9106.2021.15.140.

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The RC bridge-T Circuit are sometimes preferred for radio frequency applications as it does not require transformer (inductive coupling). The uses of the resistance-capacitance form of the network permits a wide tuning range. The article aims to develop a band pass filter's mathematical model using the Floating Admittance Matrix (FAM) approach. Both types of RC bridge-T network form the band-pass filters. The use of the conventional methods of analysis such as KCL, KVL, Thevenin's, Norton's depends on its suitability for the type of the particular circuit. The proposed mathematical modeling scheme using the floating admittance matrix approach is unique, and the same can be used for all types of circuits. This method is suitable to use the partitioning technique for large network. The sum property of all the elements of any row or any column equal to zero provides the assurance to proceed further for analysis or re-observe the very first equation. This saves time and energy. The FAM method presented here is so simple that anybody with slight knowledge of electronics but understating the matrix maneuvering, can analyze any circuit to derive all types of its transfer functions. The mathematical modeling using the FAM approach provides leverage to the designer to comfortably adjust their design at any stage of analysis. These statements provide compelling reasons for the adoption of the proposed process and demonstrate its benefits. The theoretically obtained equations meet the expected result for the RC bridge-T network. Its response peaks at the theoretically obtained value of the frequency. The simulated results are in agreement with the topological explanations and expectations.

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Alioto, M., G. Palumbo, and M. Poli. "Energy consumption in RC tree circuits." IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems 14, no. 5 (May 2006): 452–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2006.876093.

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José Francisco, Gómez-Aguilar, Rosales-García Juan, Guía-Calderón Manuel, and Razo-Hernández José Roberto. "Fractional RC and LC Electrical Circuits." Ingeniería, Investigación y Tecnología 15, no. 2 (April 2014): 311–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1405-7743(14)72219-x.

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Marinov, C. A., and C. Budianu. "Iteratively improved bounds for RC circuits." IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Fundamental Theory and Applications 45, no. 6 (June 1998): 663–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/81.678484.

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Marinov, C. A., and A. Rubio. "The energy bounds in RC circuits." IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Fundamental Theory and Applications 46, no. 7 (July 1999): 869–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/81.774237.

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48

Preyer, Norris W. "Transient behavior of simple RC circuits." American Journal of Physics 70, no. 12 (December 2002): 1187–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.1508444.

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Radwan, A. G., and K. N. Salama. "Fractional-Order RC and RL Circuits." Circuits, Systems, and Signal Processing 31, no. 6 (May 30, 2012): 1901–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00034-012-9432-z.

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Leimkuhler, Ben, Ulla Miekkala, and Olavi Nevanlinna. "Waveform relaxation for linear RC-circuits." IMPACT of Computing in Science and Engineering 3, no. 2 (June 1991): 123–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0899-8248(91)90012-j.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Circuito RC'

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