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Journal articles on the topic 'Circuits de distribution – Mali'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Ghisays, Valentina, Elizabeth T. Nguyen, Joshua Streicher, et al. "Neuroanatomical Distribution of DEK Protein in Corticolimbic Circuits Associated with Learning and Memory in Adult Male and Female Mice." Neuroscience 371 (February 2018): 254–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.11.025.

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Pilowsky, L. S., D. C. Costa, P. J. Ell, N. P. L. G. Verhoeff, R. M. Murray, and R. W. Kerwin. "D2 Dopamine Receptor Binding in the Basal Ganglia of Antipsychotic-Free Schizophrenic Patients." British Journal of Psychiatry 164, no. 1 (1994): 16–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.164.1.16.

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We used SPECT to examine striatal D2 receptor binding in 20 antipsychotic-free DSM–III–R schizophrenic patients and 20 age- and sex-matched normal controls. Dynamic single-slice SPECT, at a slice chosen to include the basal ganglia, began immediately following intravenous injection of 185 MBq of 123I-IBZM. A semiquantitative approach was used to generate indices of specific D2 receptor binding in the basal ganglia. There was no overall elevation of D2 receptor binding between patients and controls. A male sex-specific left lateralised asymmetry of striatal D2 receptor binding was found in the patient group. Age-dependent decline of striatal D2 receptors was confirmed in controls, but not in patients. These results suggest that alterations in striatal D2 receptor distribution and density do occur in schizophrenia, and possibly reflect wider disruptions in prefrontal-striatal-limbic circuits.

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Herbert, Emilie. "Black British Women Filmmakers in the Digital Era: New Production Strategies and Re-Presentations of Black Womanhood." Open Cultural Studies 2, no. 1 (2018): 191–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/culture-2018-0018.

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Abstract The story of Black women in British mainstream cinema is certainly one of invisibility and misrepresentations, and Black women filmmakers have historically been placed at the margins of British film history. Up until the mid-1980s, there were no Black female directors in Britain. Pioneers like Maureen Blackwood, Martina Attille and Ngozi Onwurah have actively challenged stereotypical representations of Black womanhood, whilst asserting their presence in Black British cinema, often viewed as a male territory. In the 2010s, it seems that the British film industry remains mostly white and masculine. But the new millennium has brought a digital revolution that has enabled a new generation of Black women filmmakers to work within alternative circuits of production and distribution. New strategies of production have emerged through the use of online crowdfunding, social media and video-sharing websites. These shifts have opened new opportunities for Black women filmmakers who were until then often excluded from traditional means of exhibition and distribution. I will examine these strategies through the work of Moyin Saka, Jaha Browne and Cecile Emeke, whose films have primarily contributed to the re-presentation of Black womanhood in popular culture.

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Filippova, Svetlana Yu, Aleksandr K. Logvinov, and Evgeniya Yu Kirichenko. "Uneven Distribution of Astrocyte Membranes over the Layers of the Rat Primary Somatosensory Cortex." Journal of Medical and Biological Research, no. 4 (November 15, 2020): 409–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.37482/2687-1491-z034.

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Astrocytes are the main glial cells maintaining water-electrolyte and energy balance in the brain. Today, astroglia is also believed to take a direct part in the regulation of synaptic transmission and in enabling synchronous operation of neurons at large distances. Astrocytes fulfil their functions through numerous processes that penetrate the entire neuropil. The authors believe that changes in the astrocyte membrane surface area per unit volume of neuropil directly reflect changes in the intensity of the astrocyte–neuron interaction. Strengthening or weakening of astrocyte regulation, undoubtedly, affect the functioning of neural circuits. Nevertheless, in spite of the growing popularity of research into the glia–neuron relations, this aspect remains insufficiently studied when it comes to the cerebral cortex. The purpose of this study was to layer-by-layer determine the astrocyte membrane surface per unit volume in the neuropil of the rat primary somatosensory cortex. The research was conducted on samples of the primary somatosensory cortex obtained from 5 white male rats (P60–80). After immune labeling against astrocytic marker S100B using the pre-embedding method, the samples were prepared for transmission electron microscopy according to the standard technique. In total, 250 electron micrographs were obtained for each layer of the primary somatosensory cortex, which were then used to determine the astrocyte membrane surface area per unit volume in the neuropil by means of the random secant method. The research found that this indicator is the minimum in the first and maximum in the fifth layers of the cortical column. In addition, the article discusses the possible functional consequences of uneven distribution of astrocytic membranes in the neocortex.

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Fusani, Leonida, and Manfred Gahr. "Differential Expression of Melatonin Receptor Subtypes MelIa, MelIb and MelIc in Relation to Melatonin Binding in the Male Songbird Brain." Brain, Behavior and Evolution 85, no. 1 (2014): 4–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000367984.

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Previous autoradiography studies illustrated that several areas of the avian brain can bind the pineal hormone melatonin. In birds, there are three melatonin receptor (MelR) subtypes: MelIa, MelIb and MelIc. To date, their brain distribution has not been studied in any passerine bird. Therefore, we investigated mRNA distribution of MelR subtypes in adjacent sections of the brain of two songbirds, the blackcap and the zebra finch, in parallel with that of 2-[125I]-iodomelatonin (IMEL) binding sites in the same brains. The general pattern of receptor expression shown by in situ hybridization of species-specific probes matched well with that of IMEL binding. However, the expression of the three subtypes was area specific with similar patterns in the two species. Some brain areas expressed only one receptor subtype, most brain regions co-expressed either MelIa with MelIb or MelIa with MelIc, whereas few areas expressed MelIb and MelIc or all three receptor subtypes. Since many sensory areas, most thalamic areas and subareas of the neopallium, a cortex analogue, express MelR, it is likely that most sensory motor integration functions are melatonin sensitive. Further, the area-specific expression patterns suggest that the regulatory role of melatonin differs among different brain areas. Since subareas of well-defined neural circuits, such as the visual system or the song control system, are equipped with different receptor types, we hypothesize a diversity of functions for melatonin in the control of sensory integration and behavior.

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Shin, Hyunjin, Miray Mutlu, John M. Koomen, and Mia K. Markey. "Parametric Power Spectral Density Analysis of Noise from Instrumentation in MALDI TOF Mass Spectrometry." Cancer Informatics 3 (January 2007): 117693510700300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/117693510700300019.

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Noise in mass spectrometry can interfere with identification of the biochemical substances in the sample. For example, the electric motors and circuits inside the mass spectrometer or in nearby equipment generate random noise that may distort the true shape of mass spectra. This paper presents a stochastic signal processing approach to analyzing noise from electrical noise sources (i.e., noise from instrumentation) in MALDI TOF mass spectrometry. Noise from instrumentation was hypothesized to be a mixture of thermal noise, 1/f noise, and electric or magnetic interference in the instrument. Parametric power spectral density estimation was conducted to derive the power distribution of noise from instrumentation with respect to frequencies. As expected, the experimental results show that noise from instrumentation contains 1/f noise and prominent periodic components in addition to thermal noise. These periodic components imply that the mass spectrometers used in this study may not be completely shielded from the internal or external electrical noise sources. However, according to a simulation study of human plasma mass spectra, noise from instrumentation does not seem to affect mass spectra significantly. In conclusion, analysis of noise from instrumentation using stochastic signal processing here provides an intuitive perspective on how to quantify noise in mass spectrometry through spectral modeling.

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de Oliveira, Cleusa V. R., M. Patricia Rosas-Arellano, L. Pastor Solano-Flores, and John Ciriello. "Cardiovascular effects of hypocretin-1 in nucleus of the solitary tract." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 284, no. 4 (2003): H1369—H1377. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00877.2002.

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Experiments were done in male Wistar rats to investigate the effects of microinjection of hypocretin-1 (Hcrt-1) into the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) on mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), and the baroreflex. In the first series, the distribution of Hcrt-1-like immunoreactivity (Ir) was mapped within the region of NTS. Hcrt-1 Ir was found throughout the NTS region, predominantly within the caudal dorsolateral (Slt), medial (Sm), and interstitial subnuclei of the NTS. In the second series, in α-chloralose or urethane-anesthetized rats, microinjection of Hcrt-1 (0.5–5 pmol) into the caudal NTS elicited a dose-dependent decrease in MAP and HR. A mapping of the caudal NTS region showed that the largest depressor and bradycardia responses elicited by Hcrt-1 were from sites in the Slt and Sm. In addition, doses >2.5 pmol at a small number of sites localized to the caudal commissural nucleus of NTS elicited pressor and tachycardia responses. Intravenous administration of the muscarinic receptor blocker atropine methyl bromide abolished the bradycardia response and attenuated the depressor response, whereas subsequent administration of the nicotinic receptor blocker hexamethonium bromide abolished the remaining MAP response. Finally, microinjection of Hcrt-1 into the NTS significantly potentiated the reflex bradycardia to activation of arterial baroreceptors as a result of increasing MAP by systemic injections of phenylephrine (2–4 μg/kg). These results suggest that Hcrt-1 in the NTS activates neuronal circuits that increases vagal activity to the heart, inhibits sympathetic activity to the heart and vasculature, and alters the excitability of NTS neuronal circuits that reflexly control the circulation.

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Azizi, Vahid, Shahrbanoo Oryan, Homayuon Khazali, and Abdolkarim Hosseini. "Upregulation of Kiss-1 and Gpr54 Genes Expression in Pituitary of Male Rats Following the Central Administration of Neuropeptide Y." International Journal of Basic Science in Medicine 4, no. 4 (2019): 137–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/ijbsm.2019.03.

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Introduction: The neuropeptide Y (NPY) in the neural circuits of the hypothalamus has a stimulating effect on reproductive activities in mammals. Kisspeptin (KiSS1) is a quintessential neurotransmitter in the reproductive axis which directly stimulates gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons in the hypothalamus. The distribution of KiSS1 expressing cells in the pituitary was described previously. Despite earlier reports showing the KiSS1 receptor, G-protein coupled receptor 54 (GPR54) expression in the pituitary, the potential physiological roles of kisspeptin at this gland have remained obscure. Accordingly, this study investigated the role of NPY on the relative expression of Kiss1 and Gpr54 genes in the pituitary gland in male Wistar rats. Methods: In general, 20 male Wistar rats weighing 200-250 g in 4 groups (5 in each group) received saline, NPY (2.3 nM), BIBP3226 (NPY receptor antagonist, 7.8 nM), and NPY+ BIBP3226. Then, they received the simultaneous injection of these molecules through the third ventricle of the brain. Finally, the relative mean expressions of Kiss1 and Gpr54 genes in the anterior pituitary were quantitatively analyzed by the real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: The central injection of NPY increased the relative mean expressions of Kiss1 and Gpr54 genes in the pituitary gland compared to the control group although the injection of BIBP3226 eradicated these effects. However, the gene expression of Gpr54 in the rats receiving NPY coupled with BIBP3226 in hypophysis in comparison to the group receiving only NPY demonstrated a significant reduction (P<0.05). Conclusion: Overall, the central injection of NPY stimulated the gene expression of Kiss1 and Gpr54 in the pituitary gland.

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Li, Ji-Yao, Biaoxin Chai, Weizhen Zhang, Danielle M. Fritze, Chao Zhang, and Michael W. Mulholland. "LGR4 and Its Ligands, R-Spondin 1 and R-Spondin 3, Regulate Food Intake in the Hypothalamus of Male Rats." Endocrinology 155, no. 2 (2014): 429–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2013-1550.

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The hypothalamus plays a key role in the regulation of feeding behavior. Several hypothalamic nuclei, including the arcuate nucleus (ARC), paraventricular nucleus, and ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (VMH), are involved in energy homeostasis. Analysis of microarray data derived from ARC revealed that leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 4 (LGR4) is highly expressed. LGR4, LGR5, and LGR6 form a subfamily of closely related receptors. Recently, R-spondin (Rspo) family proteins were identified as ligands of the LGR4 subfamily. In the present study, we investigated the distribution and function of LGR4–LGR6 and Rspos (1–4) in the brain of male rat. In situ hybridization showed that LGR4 is expressed in the ARC, VMH, and median eminence of the hypothalamus. LGR4 colocalizes with neuropeptide Y, proopiomelanocortin, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor neurons. LGR5 is not detectable with in situ hybridization; LGR6 is only expressed in the epithelial lining of the lower portion of the third ventricle and median eminence. Rspo1 is expressed in the VMH and down-regulated with fasting. Rspo3 is expressed in the paraventricular nucleus and also down-regulated with fasting. Rspos 1 and 3 colocalize with the neuronal marker HuD, indicating that they are expressed by neurons. Injection of Rspo1 or Rspo3 into the third brain ventricle inhibited food intake. Rspo1 decreased neuropeptide Y and increased proopiomelanocortin expression in the ARC. Rspo1 and Rspo3 mRNA is up-regulated by insulin. These data indicate that Rspo1 and Rspo3 and their receptor LGR4 form novel circuits in the brain to regulate energy homeostasis.

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Tounkara, Fatoumata Korika, Ibrahima Téguété, Fernand A. Guédou, et al. "Human papillomavirus genotype distribution and factors associated among female sex workers in West Africa." PLOS ONE 15, no. 11 (2020): e0242711. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0242711.

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Objectives This study aimed to: (1) Estimate HPV prevalence and genotype distribution among female sex workers (FSWs) in Mali and Benin as well as the prevalence of multiple HPV type infections in this group, and (2) Identify potential risk factors associated with high-risk (HR) HPV infections. Methods We analyzed baseline data of 665 FSWs aged ≥ 18 years recruited during a prospective cohort of cervical cancer screening in Cotonou (Benin) and Bamako (Mali) from 2017 to 2018. The Linear Array HPV genotyping test was used to identify HPV genotypes. Descriptive statistics and multivariate log-binomial regression were used. Adjusted prevalence ratios (APR) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were estimated to identify risk factors associated with HR-HPV infections. Results HPV data were available for 659 FSWs (Benin: 309; Mali: 350). The mean age was 35.0 years (± 10.7) in Benin and 26.8 years (± 7.6) in Mali. The overall HPV prevalence rates were 95.5% in Benin and 81.4% in Mali. About 87.7% and 63.4% of FSWs harbored ≥ 2 HPV types in Benin and Mali, respectively. The top three prevalent HR-HPV among FSWs in Benin were: HPV58 (37.5%), HPV16 (36.6%) and HPV52 (28.8%). Corresponding patterns in Mali were HPV16 (15.7%), HPV51 (14.3%) and HPV52 (12.9%). In Benin, the main factors associated with HR-HPV were vaginal douching (APR = 1.17; 95%CI:1.02–1.34) and gonococcal infection (APR = 1.16; 95%CI:1.04–1.28), while in Mali they were sex work duration ≤ 1 year (APR = 1.35; 95%CI:1.10–1.65) and HIV infection (APR = 1.26; 95%CI: 1.06–1.51). Conclusion Our study found a very high prevalence of HPV infection as well as high frequency of multiple HPV type infections in FSWs in two countries in West Africa. These findings suggest the necessity to emphasize cervical cancer prevention in this high-risk group.

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Mahe, Antoine, Pierre Bobin, Michel Develoux, Christian Lienhardt, and Somita Keita. "Mycetomas in Mali: Causative Agents and Geographic Distribution." American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 54, no. 1 (1996): 77–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.1996.54.77.

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12

Duvall, Chris S. "Human settlement and baobab distribution in south-western Mali." Journal of Biogeography 34, no. 11 (2007): 1947–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2007.01751.x.

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13

Faye, O., K. Tall, S. Berthé, et al. "Leishmaniose cutanée au Mali : aspects anatomocliniques et distribution géographique." Annales de Dermatologie et de Vénéréologie 140 (April 2013): S38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annder.2013.01.420.

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14

Xu, Wei, Hongyun Sun, Jingwei Jin, and Jimin Cheng. "Predicting the Potential Distribution of Apple Canker Pathogen (Valsa mali) in China under Climate Change." Forests 11, no. 11 (2020): 1126. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11111126.

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Apple valsa canker (AVC), caused by Valsa mali, is a serious wood disease of apple trees. The pathogen decays the barks and branches of trees and ruins entire orchards under severe conditions. However, studies have rarely focused on the suitable habitat of the pathogen, especially on a relatively large scale. In this study, we applied the maximum entropy model (MaxEnt 3.4.1, Princeton, NJ, USA) to predict the distribution of V. mali using climate factors, topographic factors, and soil factors under current and future climate scenarios. We measured the area of suitable habitat, change ratio of the suitable habitat area, increase and decrease maps under climate change, direction and distance of range shifts from the present to the end of the 21st century, and the contribution of environmental variables. The results showed that the area of suitable habitat is currently 183.46 × 104 km2 in China, among which 27.54% is moderately suitable habitat (MSH) and 13.13% is highly suitable habitat (HSH). Compared with current distribution, the area of MSH and HSH increases in future and the change ratio are positive. The Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) 3–70 is considered the optimum climate scenario for V. mali. The suitability of V. mali increased mainly in Northwest, North, and Northeast China. V. mali will shift to the northwest with climate change. The shift distance optimistically increased from the SSP1–26 to the SSP5–85, with the biggest shift distance of 758.44 km in the 2090s under the SSP5–85 scenario. Minimum temperature of the coldest month (bio6) was the most critical climate factor affecting the distribution of the pathogen, and topographic factors played a more important role than soil factors. This study demonstrates that the potential distribution of V. mali is vitally affected by climate change and provides a method for large–scale research on the distribution of pathogens.

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Ramanathan, P., A. J. Dupont, and K. G. Shin. "Clock distribution in general VLSI circuits." IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Fundamental Theory and Applications 41, no. 5 (1994): 395–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/81.296331.

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Song, W. S., and L. A. Glasser. "Power distribution techniques for VLSI circuits." IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits 21, no. 1 (1986): 150–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jssc.1986.1052491.

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Piqueira, José R. C., and Diego Paolo F. Correa. "Critical Delays in Clock Distribution Circuits." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2013 (2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/145936.

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As the distribution of clock signals between the nodes of a network became a critical operational requisite, the transmission delays have to be studied because they affect the accurate recovering of the time basis. In this work, the critical delay value is calculated considering simplifications compatible with practical situations. The main contribution is to consider the dissipative terms in the node equations, expressing critical delays, depending on the time constant of the dissipation.

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Teel, P. D., D. E. Bay, and P. A. Ajidagba. "Ecology, distribution and host relationships of ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) infesting livestock in Mali." Bulletin of Entomological Research 78, no. 3 (1988): 407–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485300013183.

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AbstractA survey for ticks on livestock with emphasis on ticks parasitizing cattle was conducted below 16°N lat. in Mali. Seventeen species of ixodid ticks were recovered from cattle, 12 from sheep, five from goat, four from horse, one from donkey and four from camel. Amblyomma variegatum (F.), Boophilus geigyi Aeschlimann & Morel, Hyalomma marginatum rufipes Koch and H. truncatum Koch were widespread, and could each be collected as adults from cattle throughout the year in certain regions. A. variegatum was most numerous from the tropical woodlands to the Sahelo-Sudanian steppe. The prevalence of B. geigyi in Mali confirms an extended distribution of this species in West Africa. B. annulatus (Say) and B. decoloratus (Koch) were prevalent in the inland delta area and in south-western Mali. H. m. rufipes and H. truncatum were most numerous in the Sudanian and Sahelo-Sudanian steppe. H. dromedarii Koch, H. impeltatum Schulze & Schlottke and H. impressum Koch were collected in the steppeland areas. H. nitidum Schulze was collected for the first time in Mali. This comparatively more hydrophilic species was prevalent in the North Guinean forest and Sudano-Guinean vegetation zones. Of eight Rhipicephalus species from livestock, seven were collected from cattle: R. cuspidatus Neumann, R. evertsi evertsi Neumann, R. guilhoni Morel & Vassiliades, R. muhsamae Morel & Vassiliades, R. sanguineus (Latreille), R. senegalensis Koch and R. lunulatus Neumann. R. sulcatus Neumann was obtained only from sheep. The distribution and phytoclimatic associations of these species are discussed.

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Dembele, Sidi, Mamy Soumare, and David Gaillard. "Spatial Structure Of Agricultural Biodiversity In Southern Mali." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 12, no. 6 (2016): 383. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n6p383.

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The diversity of cropping systems and varieties plays an important role in the ability of family farms to resist socio-economic and environmental shocks. For better conservation, agricultural diversity needs to be characterized and monitored in space and time. While initially dominated by the elements on price, surfaces, and productions, agricultural monitoring systems have recently incorporated diversity issues. The objective of this work is to analyze the spatial structure of agricultural biodiversity and to explain the links between this structure and the agronomic practices and results in family farms in southern Mali. The methodology was to develop, test, and maintain a conceptual model of spatial data on a sample of three villages. The analysis of these data is based on the spatial distribution of biodiversity and its correlation with the practices and agro-ecological conditions, results, and agronomic performance. The results show a very large specific and varietal diversity. We do not observe a clear link between spatial distribution and the characteristics of the physical environment, with the exception of the improved variety of Kalafoufigue located on a particular type of slope. The same observation is made when the relationship is between the spatial distribution of the variety and the technical route. Spatial analysis has developed a map of the diversity across the country village. Thus, spatial distribution points plot a surface distribution across local villages, and these results open the way for greater contributions of geographical analysis in agriculture and for scaling territories that remain a challenge for agriculture.

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Sidorov, Alexander I., and Olga A. Khanzhina. "Improving electrical safety in quarry distribution circuits." XXI century. Technosphere Safety 5, no. 1 (2020): 84–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.21285/2500-1582-2010-1-84-88.

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Zangooi, Azin, Cesar O. Gomez, and James A. Finch. "Mapping frother distribution in industrial flotation circuits." Minerals Engineering 113 (November 2017): 36–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mineng.2017.07.003.

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Parise, G., U. Grasselli, and V. Di Luozzo. "Arcing fault in sub-distribution branch-circuits." IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery 8, no. 2 (1993): 580–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/61.216863.

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Mijuskovic, Dejan. "Clock distribution in application specific integrated circuits." Microelectronics Journal 18, no. 4 (1987): 15–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0026-2692(87)80370-1.

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Kulkarni, Sarvesh H., and Dennis Sylvester. "Power Distribution Techniques for Dual VDD Circuits." Journal of Low Power Electronics 2, no. 2 (2006): 217–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jolpe.2006.068.

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Mori, K., Y. Suzuki, N. Hara, M. Kitamura, and T. Tominaka. "Current distribution characteristics of superconducting parallel circuits." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 30, no. 4 (1994): 1919–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/20.305638.

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Jia, Jing Pu, Chuan Sheng Wu, Jian Wei Chen, and Yun Qiu Shi. "Mobile Wireless Communications Device with Buffered Cock Distribution Network." Advanced Materials Research 989-994 (July 2014): 3530–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.989-994.3530.

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The microprocessor generates many digital noises that find their way back from the clock reference input of the microprocessor to the reference clock lines with which the RF circuits are sharing. These digital noises are conductively coupled to the RF circuits, including any RF transceiver, Bluetooth module and other RF circuits, such as a local oscillator and phase locked loop circuits, to cause spurious signals and jitters in the circuits, which in turn, degrade the RF performance or cause a radio to fail certain specifications.

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Volkovitsh, Mark G., Alexey V. Kovalev, and Marina J. Orlova-Bienkowskaja. "Current Distribution and Diagnostic Features of Two Potentially Invasive Asian Buprestid Species: Agrilus mali Matsumura and A. fleischeri Obenberger (Coleoptera: Buprestidae)." Insects 11, no. 8 (2020): 493. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11080493.

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Our goal is to analyze the known geographical ranges and diagnostic features of two potentially invasive Asian buprestid species: the quarantine apple tree pest, Agrilus mali Matsumura, and the poplar pest A. fleischeri Obenberger. Based on the examination of museum collections and literature sources, we compiled comprehensive databases of records of the exact collecting sites for both species and generated detailed maps of their ranges. There are 51 documented localities for A. mali in the Russian Far East and East Siberia, Mongolia, China, and the Korean peninsula, and there are 53 documented localities for A. fleischeri in the Far East and Siberia, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, China, and Japan. No evidence of the presence of A. mali in Japan was found. Outbreak sites of A. mali in Xinjiang in the 2000s most likely represent the newly forming invasion areas; their proximity to the wild apple stands in the Kazakh part of the Tien Shan is a direct threat to Kazakhstan and adjacent countries. Sites damaged by A. fleischeri in Liaoning are situated within its native range; the outbreaks were likely triggered by the switch from indigenous to introduced poplars. This situation is similar to the early stages of emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire) invasion.

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Naidu, E. Deepak. "Design and Analysis of Eco Car Chassis with Different Profiles." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VII (2021): 474–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.36272.

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Formula Student Racing competitions are held at various Formula SAE circuits globally. Chassis serves as an important component in the race car design. Thus a solicitous analysis is expected out of the formula car. It is also noted that the weight of the car is inversely proportional to the performance of the car hence need for optimization. A high speed protection system plays a major role in the race car design such as front impact, rear impact, side impact and roll over analysis. Also, there exists a problem of the torsional rigidity as far the dynamics is considered. This paper aims at the design aspects and the analysis insights of the race car. The car is modelled according to the 95th percentile male that can fit inside the cockpit of the chassis. As the car travel at the high speed, the protection has been designed to the car in such a way that stresses are minimum and the performance is maximum. Finite element methods are used for the analysis and the design of experiments is created for the optimization of the chassis. To avoid any possibilities of failure of the structure and thus to provide enough supporting member to make the region stronger in term of deformation . Finite element analysis enables to predict the region that tends to fail due to loading, the distribution of stress and strain on the chassis, both component as well as the material costing. The main objective is to study the effect of the validations of the FEM result are given using the different profiles like RECTANGLE, CIRCULAR, AND I SHAPE convergence methods for car body and the equipment. Keywords:-Chassis design; cross sections; Static analysis; Model analysis

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Gewa, Constance A., Timothy F. Leslie, and Lisa R. Pawloski. "Geographic distribution and socio-economic determinants of women's nutritional status in Mali households." Public Health Nutrition 16, no. 9 (2012): 1575–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s136898001200451x.

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AbstractObjectiveMali is one of the poorest countries in Africa, with 72 % of its population surviving on less than $US 1·00 per day. Health and demographic indicators are bleak. With few exceptions, studies related to the health of women in Mali have largely been under-represented. In addition, in recent years a new type of malnutrition stemming from weight gain and obesity has been observed throughout Africa. The present study aimed to (i) describe geographic and health variations of women of reproductive age, (ii) describe geographic variations of household salt iodine levels and (iii) investigate potential factors associated with women's anthropometric status and use of adequately iodized salt among households in Mali.DesignDemographic and Health Survey data, multistage-stratified cluster sampling methodology.SettingRural and urban areas of Mali.SubjectsNon-pregnant women (n 6015) between the ages of 19 and 44 years.ResultsNineteen per cent of the women were overweight or obese while 11 % were underweight. Seventy-eight per cent of the households utilized adequately iodized salt. Underweight women were more prevalent in southern Mali, while obesity was more frequent in the north-east and within the major urban areas. Households located within the southern parts of Mali were more likely to utilize adequately iodized salt. Education, age, modern contraceptive use, breast-feeding status at time of the survey and household wealth index were significantly associated with the women's BMI or households’ use of adequately iodized salt.ConclusionsThe combined use of statistical and geographic system analysis contributes to improve targeting of interventions among vulnerable populations.

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30

Friedman, E. G. "Clock distribution networks in synchronous digital integrated circuits." Proceedings of the IEEE 89, no. 5 (2001): 665–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/5.929649.

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Gaj, K., E. G. Friedman, M. J. Feldman, and A. Krasniewski. "A clock distribution scheme for large RSFQ circuits." IEEE Transactions on Appiled Superconductivity 5, no. 2 (1995): 3320–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/77.403302.

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Cossi, A. M., R. Romero, and J. R. S. Mantovani. "Planning of Secondary Distribution Circuits Through Evolutionary Algorithms." IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery 20, no. 1 (2005): 205–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpwrd.2004.839229.

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Ćurčić, S., G. Strbac, and X. P. Zhang. "Effect of losses in design of distribution circuits." IEE Proceedings - Generation, Transmission and Distribution 148, no. 4 (2001): 343. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ip-gtd:20010359.

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Safronetz, David, Nafomon Sogoba, Job E. Lopez, et al. "Geographic Distribution and Genetic Characterization of Lassa Virus in Sub-Saharan Mali." PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases 7, no. 12 (2013): e2582. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002582.

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Edillo, Frances E., Yeya T. Touré, Gregory C. Lanzaro, Guimogo Dolo, and Charles E. Taylor. "Survivorship and Distribution of ImmatureAnopheles gambiaes.l. (Diptera: Culicidae) in Banambani Village, Mali." Journal of Medical Entomology 41, no. 3 (2004): 333–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/0022-2585-41.3.333.

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Sanogo, Moussa, Aboubacar Alassane Oumar, Saïbou Maiga, et al. "Respect des bonnes pratiques de distribution dans un établissement de distribution pharmaceutique du Mali : bilan et perspectives." Le Pharmacien Hospitalier 43, no. 174 (2008): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0768-9179(08)74196-8.

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Kya, Abraham Berthe, B. Abdramane, and Reichenbach Setephan. "Gumbel Weibull distribution function for Sahel precipitation modeling and predicting: Case of Mali." African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 9, no. 5 (2015): 405–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ajest2014.1826.

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Katz, Karen R., Caroline G. West, Fode Doumbia, and Fatoumata Kane. "Increasing Access to Family Planning Services in Rural Mali Through Community-Based Distribution." International Family Planning Perspectives 24, no. 3 (1998): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3038206.

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Koumaré, B., H. Cissé, A. Koné, et al. "Contrôle de qualité des médicaments antipaludiques au Mali." Revue Malienne d'Infectiologie et de Microbiologie, April 29, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.53597/remim.v6i0.826.

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Les molécules antipaludiques rencontrées et prélevées dans les différentes régions du Mali et du district de Bamako, ont été analysées au Laboratoire National de la Santé. Les échantillons analysés provenaient d'Afrique, d'Europe, d'Asie et d'Amérique. L'échantillonnage a concerné 303 échantillons analysés, dont 260 étaient conformes, soit un taux de 85,8% et 43 étaient non conformes, soit 14,2%. Les non conformités décelées provenaient toutes des formes comprimés et injectables et concernaient spécifiquement les molécules de quinine. Les non-conformités décelées étaient de 03 types : l'absence de principe actif indiqué, le surdosage et le sous-dosage. Suivant le circuit de prélèvement dans la chaîne de distribution, les nonconformités ont été décelées en majorité dans les hôpitaux et les Centres de santé (40 échantillons) et secondairement au niveau des dépôts de vente privés (03 échantillons).

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"Meloidogyne mali. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases, No.April (August 1, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpd/20183138499.

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Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Meloidogyne mali Itoh, Ohshima & Ichinohe. Secernentea: Tylenchida: Meloidogynidae. Hosts: Malus spp., Ulmus spp., Morus spp. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (France, Italy, Netherlands), Asia (Japan, Hokkaido, Honshu), North America (USA, New York).

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"Diplocarpon mali. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases, No.April (August 1, 2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpd/20113091534.

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Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Diplocarpon mali Y. Harada & Sawamura. Ascomycota: Helotiales. Hosts: apple (Malus spp.) and flowering quince (Chaenomeles spp.). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (Italy, Mainland Italy, Romania), Asia (China, Anhui, Gansu, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Jiangsu, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Menggu, Shaanxi, Shandong, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Yunnan, India, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Uttar Pradesh, Japan, Honshu, Kyushu, Korea Republic, Taiwan), North America (Canada, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, USA, Wisconsin).

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"Diplocarpon mali. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases, No.October (August 1, 2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpd/20143369332.

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Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Diplocarpon mali Harada & Sawamura. Ascomycota: Letiomycetes: Helotiales. Hosts: apple (Malus spp.), flowering quince (Chaenomeles spp.). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (Austria, Germany, Italy, Mainland Italy, Romania, Switzerland), Asia (China, Anhui, Gansu, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Jiangsu, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Menggu, Shaanxi, Shandong, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Yunnan, India, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Uttar Pradesh, Japan, Honshu, Kyushu, Korea Republic, Taiwan), North America (Canada, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec, USA, Wisconsin), Central America & Caribbean (Panama), South America (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul).

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"Agrilus mali. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Pests, June (August 1, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpp/20210280688.

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Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Agrilus mali Matsumura (Coleoptera: Buprestidae). Hosts: apple (Malus spp.) especially wild apple (M. sieversii). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Asia (China, Gansu, Guangxi, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Nei Mongol, Jilin, Liaoning, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Sichuan, Tibet, Xinjiang, Mongolia, Korea Democratic People's Republic, Korea Republic) and Europe (Russia, Eastern Siberia, Russian Far East).

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"Valsa mali. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases, no. 1) (August 1, 1989). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpd/20056500612.

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Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Valsa mali Miyabe & Yamada. Host: apple (Malus pumila). Information is given on the geographical distribution in ASIA, China, north, Hebei (Hopei), Japan, Korea Republic.

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"Dasineura mali. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Pests, no. 1st revision) (August 1, 2008). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpp/20083279226.

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Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Dasineura mali (Kieffer). Diptera: Cecidomyiidae. Host: apple (Malus domestica) and other Malus spp. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (Austria, Belgium, Bosnia-Hercegovina, Bulgaria, Finland, France (Mainland France), Germany, Hungary, Italy (Mainland Italy), Macedonia, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Russia (European Russia, Far East, Siberia), Serbia, Slovenia, Sweden, Switzerland, UK (England and Wales)), North America (Canada (British Columbia, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia)), USA (Massachusetts, New York, Washington), South America (Argentina), Oceania (New Zealand).

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"Alternaria mali. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases, no. 1) (August 1, 1996). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpd/20056500702.

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Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Alternaria mali Roberts. Hosts: Apple (Malus pumila). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Australia, Western, Austral, Canada, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Prince, Edward Island, Quebec, Chile, China, Annul, Gansu, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Jiangsu, Jilin, Liaoning, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang, India, Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Japan, Honshu, Korea, Republic Taiwan, USA, Florida, Illinois, Indiana, North Carolina, Oregon, Washington, Yugoslavia (former).

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"Diaporthe mali. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases, no. 1) (August 1, 1990). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpd/20056500618.

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48

"Candidatus Phytoplasma mali. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases, No.October (August 1, 2013). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpd/20133421479.

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Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Candidatus Phytoplasma mali. Mollicutes: Acholeplasmatales: Acholeplasmataceae. Main host: apple (Malus domestica). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (Albania, Austria, Belgium, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Mainland Greece, Hungary, Italy, Moldova, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Russia, Southern Russia, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, England and Wales, Ukraine), Asia (Syria, Turkey), Africa (Tunisia).

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Enriquez, Andres, Jackson Liang, Jeffrey Smietana, et al. "Substrate Characterization and Outcomes of Ventricular Tachycardia Ablation in Titin Cardiomyopathy: A Multicenter Study." Circulation: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, July 28, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/circep.121.010006.

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Background - Truncating variants of the titin gene (TTNtv) are a leading cause of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and have been associated with an increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias. This study evaluated the substrate distribution and the acute and long-term outcomes of patients with TTN-related cardiomyopathy undergoing ventricular tachycardia (VT) ablation. Methods - This multicenter registry included 15 patients with DCM (age 59±11 years, 93% male, ejection fraction 30±12%) and genotypically confirmed TTNtvs who underwent VT ablation between July 2014 and July 2020. Results - All patients presented with sustained monomorphic VT, including electrical storm in 4 of them. A median of 2 VTs per patient were induced during the procedure (cycle-length 318±68 ms) and the predominant morphologies were left bundle branch block with inferior axis (39%) and right bundle branch block with inferior axis (29%). A complete map of the left ventricle (LV) was created in 12 patients and showed voltage abnormalities mainly at the periaortic (92%) and basal septal region (58%). A preprocedural cardiac magnetic resonance imaging was available in 13 patients and in 11 there was evidence of LV delayed gadolinium enhancement, with predominantly midmyocardial distribution. Sequential ablation from both sides of the septum was required in 47% of patients to target septal intramural substrate and epicardial ablation was performed in 20%. At the end of the procedure, the clinical VT was noninducible in all patients, while in 3 cases a non-clinical VT was still inducible. After a follow-up of 26.5±23.0 months, 53% of patients experienced VT recurrence, 20% received transplant or mechanical circulatory support and 7% died. Conclusion - The arrhythmogenic substrate in TTN-related cardiomyopathy involves the basal septal and perivalvular regions. Long-term outcomes of catheter ablation are modest, with high recurrence rate, likely related to an intramural location of VT circuits.

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Simanjuntak, Hotma. "FONEMIK BAHASA DAYAK MALI." Jurnal Pembelajaran Prospektif 5, no. 2 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.26418/jpp.v5i2.43087.

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The Mali Dayak community resides in Balai-Batang Tarang Sub-district and a small part resides in Tayan Hilir District, Sanggau District. They have the same ethnic communication language, the Mali Dayak language. As of 2008 the number of Malian Dayak speakers was estimated at 6,963 people (Bamba, 2008). Languages with fewer than 10,000 speakers are classified as endangered (Crystal, 2000). If there is no attempt to maintain this Mali Dayak language, over time, this language is heading for extinction. Therefore, even the slightesteffort to preserve this language needs to be done. This study discusses the main problems regarding the Dayak Mali phonemic, namely the determination of phonemes, allophones, phoneme distribution, phoneme groups (cluster), phoneme sequences, and syllables of the Dayak Mali language which are based on structural theory. The results of this study indicate the phonemes of the Dayak Mali language, namely vowel, diphthong, consonant, and semivocal phonemes. Based on its distribution, a phonemic allophon is apparent. Thephonemic sequence also shows the environment of mutual influence and shows the symmetrical features of the phonemes found in the Dayak language of Mali. Similarly, the consonant group, the situation is answered through this research. The last problem examined is the syllables. The syllable structure contained in the Mali Dayak language is also described.

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