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Journal articles on the topic 'Circularly polarized microstrip antenna with one ring'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 22 June 2025

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1

Srivastava, Shipra, Saptarshi Gupta, Vibhav Kumar Sachan, and Satya Sai Srikant. "Design of Circularly Polarized Microstrip Antenna with slotted Split ring array for Video Surveillance Applications at C-Band." International Journal of Membrane Science and Technology 10, no. 3 (2023): 1756–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.15379/ijmst.v10i3.1795.

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: It has been observed that the circularly polarized antenna always play an important role in modern wireless communication applications. One of such applications is Video surveillance system. Such system interfaced with circularly polarized antenna during natural calamities, which plays a crucial and important role in rescuing the survivors. The weather conditions make it hard to achieve effective communication between the surveillance equipment and the controller. The applications of rescuing vehicle/boat movement during flood-affected areas required an uninterrupted wireless connectivity, for which polarized antennas are very much required. The present paper investigates this problem by designing an efficient circularly polarised antenna on metasurface material consisting of split ring resonator. The designed antenna is designed to operate in the frequency range of 7.1-7.23 GHz. FR4 glass epoxy material is used as an antenna substrate with dielectric constant 4 and thickness of 1.6mm. An array of split ring resonators etched microstrip antenna was fabricated on FR4 glass epoxy substrate. The result obtained with such a microwave antenna produces an excellent gain of 7.4 dB and return loss of 17.7dB with a bandwidth of 1.2 GHz. Future studies are still in progress.

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2

Kawa, Abdoula. "Radiation Pattern of a Circularly Polarized Microstrip Short Backfire Antenna." Advances in Research 10, no. 3 (2017): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.9734/AIR/2017/34595.

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A circularly polarized microstrip short backfire antenna (CPMSBA) with one ring corrugated rim, using aperture coupled feed method is proposed in this paper. The antenna is designed to operate in KU-band. The simulation results verify the circular polarization. The impedance bandwidth is 0.83 GHz. The CP antenna provides good radiation pattern over the whole frequency range. The axial ratio bandwidth bwAR is 2.96%, the gain is 9.79 dBi, directivity is 10.17 dBi and radiation efficiency is 91.62%. The antenna has a compact structure, high electrical and mechanical characteristics, it can be used as a single antenna or as an element of microstrip antenna arrays with various applications in the various communication systems.

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3

Ahmed, Sadiq, Amer Abbood Albehadili, Zahraa H. Mohammed, Zaid A. Abdul Hassain, Mohammed Al-Saadi, and Madhukar Chandra. "Circularly Polarized Hexagonal Microstrip Antenna Loaded with Slot and Complementary Split Ring Resonator." Journal of Engineering and Sustainable Development 28, no. 6 (2024): 745–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.31272/jeasd.28.6.7.

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The development of a compact and straightforward circularly polarized hexagon-microstrip patch antenna with two layers and a single feed is presented. Circular polarization is achieved using two strategies. The first technique incorporates a narrow slot along one vertex of a hexagonal patch's diagonal, opposite the feed line. The second one is based on embedding a complementary split ring resonator on the hexagonal patch. The proposed antenna is excited by an aperture coupling feed, and it is implemented on two substrate materials; the patch substrate is Roger droid/RT-5880, and the second feed substrate is RO 4350. This work compares the performance of the suggested antennas, including their radiation characteristics, axial ratio, and return loss, in two different scenarios. The proposed antenna has overall dimensions of (0.8λ0 - 0.8λ0 - 0.037λ0) at 3.4 GHz. The slot patch antenna has 2.65% bandwidth for its 3-dB axial ratio and 5.71% impedance bandwidth from 3.4 to 3.6 GHz at 3.5 GHz of the center frequency. The proposed patch antenna also demonstrates a maximum gain of 1.2 dBi. High-frequency structure simulation software was used to design and simulate the proposed hexagon configurations.

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4

Chen, Huakang, Yu Shao, Zhangjian He, Changhong Zhang, and Zhizhong Zhang. "A Millimeter-Wave Wideband Circularly Polarized Planar Spiral Antenna Array with Unequal Amplitude Feeding Network." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2021 (July 26, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9955502.

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A 2 × 2 wideband circularly polarized (CP) antenna array operating at millimeter wave (mmWave) band is presented. The array element is a wideband CP Archimedean spiral radiator with special-shaped ring slot. The elements are fed by an unequal amplitude (UA) feeding network based on a microstrip line (MSL) power divider. The side lobe level is improved by this UA feeding network. In addition, a cross slot is employed to isolate the elements for decoupling. A prototype is fabricated, and the measured results show that the proposed array achieves an impedance bandwidth (IBW) of 6.31 GHz (22.5% referring to 28 GHz) and an axial ratio bandwidth (ARBW) of 7.32 GHz (26.1% referring to 28 GHz). The peak gain of the proposed array is 11.3 dBic, and the gain is greater than 9.3 dBic within the whole desired band (from 25 GHz to 31 GHz). The proposed array consists of only one substrate layer and can be built by the conventional printed circuit board technology. Attributed to the characteristics of wide bandwidth, simple structure, low profile, and low cost, the proposed antenna array has a great potential in mmWave wireless communications.

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5

Al-Ani, N. M. K., O. A. S. Al-Ani, M. F. Mosleh, and R. A. Abd-Alhameed. "A Design of MIMO Prototype in C-Band Frequency for Future Wireless Communications." Advanced Electromagnetics 9, no. 1 (2020): 78–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.7716/aem.v9i1.1333.

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The main challenges of MIMO design for future wireless communication is size reduction which leads to more mutual coupling. This paper deals with this problem in order to mitigate the impact of mutual coupling by proposing four elements MIMO prototype each one having a dual polarized patch rectangular microstrips. The idea is to insert annular rectangular opened one ribs in front of each microstrip and in corresponding to circular ring slot etched has etched in the ground. The advantage of such slot is to obtain regular radiation pattern distributed around device body. The four elements with eight ports are incorporated on 67×139 mm2 PCB with FR-4 dielectric layer. The single antenna is simulated CST.STUDIO 2019 resulting an operated frequency of 6.23 GHz with a band of 850 MHz (5.81-6.66) GHz at -10 dB. The fabrication MIMO system prototype is tested to show its measurement results which are match the simulated results. All results confirm of that proposed MIMO prototype which is operated at C-band frequency which is very important for future wireless applications.

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6

Cheng, Yong, and Hui Liu. "A Novel Concentric Annular-Ring Slot Dual-Band Circularly Polarized Microstrip Antenna." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2018 (December 13, 2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7560567.

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A simple structure concentric annular-ring slot dual-band circularly polarized (CP) microstrip antenna operating at ISM band (2.45 GHz) and 5G band (3.5 GHz) is proposed in this paper. The antenna achieves dual-band operation by digging two concentric annular-ring slots on the ground. And on the angular positions with 45 degrees inclined of each annular slot, two bent structures are loaded to generate circularly polarized radiation. The radiation of this antenna is bidirectional, and the directions of rotation are opposite. The measured results of the annular-ring slot microstrip antenna show good performance of dual-band circularly polarized characteristics.

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7

Yong-Xin Guo, Lei Bian, and Xiang Quan Shi. "Broadband Circularly Polarized Annular-Ring Microstrip Antenna." IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 57, no. 8 (2009): 2474–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tap.2009.2024584.

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8

Ramirez, Monica, and Josep Parron. "CIRCULARLY-POLARIZED STACKED ANNULAR-RING MICROSTRIP ANTENNA." Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters 23 (2011): 99–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.2528/pierl11032203.

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9

Chang, Lei, Ling-Lu Chen, Jian-Qiang Zhang, and Dan Li. "A Wideband Circularly Polarized Antenna with Characteristic Mode Analysis." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2020 (June 12, 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/5379892.

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A wideband circularly polarized (CP) antenna is presented to achieve enhanced impedance, axial ratio (AR), and gain bandwidths. The antenna consists of two circular patches, a split-ring microstrip line with six probes, and a circular ground plane. By using these six probes which are placed in sequence on the split-ring microstrip line, the operating bandwidth of the proposed antenna is increased. The characteristic mode method is used to analyze different modes of the antenna and reveal the mechanism of extending the 3-dB AR bandwidth. Measured results show that the proposed antenna obtains an impedance bandwidth of 1.486–2.236 GHz (40.3%) for S11 ≤ −18 dB, a 3-dB AR bandwidth of 1.6–2.2 GHz (31.6%), and a boresight gain of 8.89 ± 0.87 dBic.

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10

Kakepoto, Ghulam Fatima, Shaoqiu Xiao, and Farman Ali Mangi. "Circularly polarized array antenna based on dual split ring resonators (DSRRs)." Frequenz 75, no. 9-10 (2021): 369–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/freq-2020-0215.

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Abstract A wideband circularly polarized (CP) array antenna has significant importance in modern communication system. In this paper, we proposed a wide band CP array by combing dual split ring resonators (DSRRs) to dual layer microstrip antenna. A 2 × 2 dual-layer microstrip antenna array is used to radiate wide band linearly polarized wave, and the 3 × 3 four-layer DSRRs is used as an external polarizer which converts linearly polarized wave to circularly polarized wave at distinct frequencies. The proposed array achieves an impedance bandwidth of 20% ranging from 4.57–5.57 GHz and AR bandwidth of 16.83% ranging from 4.57–5.41 GHz. The prominent futures of the proposed array are wide impedance bandwidth on desired frequencies. This new concept is theoretically and experimentally investigated to evaluate the performance of the proposed array, which allows a better prospect for the application of radar and satellite communication systems.

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11

Parvathy, A. R., V. G. Ajay, and M. Thomaskutty. "Circularly Polarized Split Ring Resonator Loaded Slot Antenna." Advanced Electromagnetics 7, no. 5 (2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.7716/aem.v7i5.829.

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A compact circularly polarized printed slot antenna operating at 2.45 GHz is reported. The antenna consists of a pair of rotated square split ring resonators (SRR) inside a rectangular slot etched on the ground plane of an FR-4 dielectric substrate. A microstrip open-loop feed is etched on the backside of the dielectric substrate to feed the slot and the split ring resonators. The overall size of the antenna is 60x42x1.6 mm3. The measured -10dB impedance bandwidth is 10.48% (2.38-2.64 GHz) and the measured 3dB axial ratio (AR) bandwidth covers the entire impedance bandwidth.

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12

Ramirez, R. R., F. De Flaviis, and N. G. Alexopoules. "Single-feed circularly polarized microstrip ring antenna and arrays." IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 48, no. 7 (2000): 1040–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/8.876322.

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13

Kumar, Arun, Santanu Dwari, Ganga Prasad Pandey, Binod Kumar Kanaujia, and Dinesh Kumar Singh. "A high gain wideband circularly polarized microstrip antenna." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 12, no. 7 (2020): 678–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078719001612.

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AbstractIn this paper, a high gain wideband circularly polarized (CP) microstrip antenna is presented for broadband operation. The proposed structure comprised of a partially grounded printed monopole antenna loaded with a split ring resonator and a metallic reflector. By using the metallic reflector surface underneath the patch radiator results in the reflected waves in the same phase with main lobe radiation, thereby improving the gain and it also acts like a secondary radiator to generate wideband CP behavior in the proposed design. A gain enhancement of 4.3 dBi is achieved in the operating frequency band as compared with the design without a metallic reflector. The maximum gain achieved in the presented method is 8.6 dBic over the entire operating range. The proposed design shows a wideband behavior ranging from 4.30 to 9.10 GHz with the 10-dB impedance bandwidth of 71.64%. In addition, the proposed design yielded a broadside right hand CP radiation with a 3-dB axial ratio bandwidth of 33.88% from 4.98 to 7.01 GHz. The proposed antenna is fabricated and experimental results on reflection coefficient, gain, axial ratio, and radiation patterns concede well with simulation results.

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14

Singh, Anil Kumar, Ravi Kumar Gangwar, and Binod K. Kanaujia. "Circularly Polarized Annular Ring Microstrip Antenna for High Gain Application." Electromagnetics 36, no. 6 (2016): 379–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02726343.2016.1207801.

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15

Zhang, Changhong, Junping Geng, Bin Zhou, Xianling Liang, and Ronghong Jin. "A Broadband Single-Feed Circularly Polarized Patch Antenna with Wide Beamwidth." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2015 (2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/740274.

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A broadband single-feed circularly polarized patch antenna with wide beamwidth is presented. The patch is coupled to four asymmetric cross slots via a microstrip ring with eight matching segments underneath the ground plane, traversing through the arms of the cross slots in a serial manner. And a coupling slice instead of a resistive load is used as matching load of the microstrip ring for higher gain. Furthermore, a metal side wall surrounding the antenna is used to improve the isolation between adjacent elements in an array. Through optimizing the four asymmetric cross slots and eight matching segments, excellent performances are achieved by the proposed antenna, especially for the broadband and wide beamwidth. Measurement results show that the antenna has −10 dB reflection coefficient bandwidth of 29.7%, 3-dB axial-ratio bandwidth of 21.6%, and beamwidth of more than 90°. It can be considered as a good candidate for the element of arrays.

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16

Ma, Zhong-Hua, Jia-Xiang Chen, Peng Chen, and Yan Feng Jiang. "Design of Planar Microstrip Ultrawideband Circularly Polarized Antenna Loaded by Annular-Ring Slot." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2021 (March 17, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6638096.

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A miniaturized planar microstrip circularly polarized ultrawideband (UWB) antenna loaded by annular-ring slot is proposed and implemented in the paper. With the annular-ring slot loaded in the radiating patch of the antenna, the side of the radiating patch is connected by the asymmetric inverted L-shaped microstrip. At the same time, a quarter of a circle is cut off from the radiating patch. The above designed structure shows improvements on the operating frequency band and realization of the circular polarization radiation. A tapered microstrip is placed between the feed line and the radiating patch to achieve the slow-changing impedance transformation. The results of simulation and measurement demonstrate that the 3 dB axial ratio (AR) fractional bandwidth of the antenna structure achieves 21.25%. The peak gain within the 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth fluctuates between 3.74 and 4.59 dBi. The antenna shows good impedance matching in the ultrawideband range. With the compact structure of the UWB antenna, it has potential application in various wireless communication devices.

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17

Alizadeh, Farzad, Changiz Ghobadi, Javad Nourinia, Mahdi Dadashi, and Rahim Barzegari. "A design of ring-shaped dual-band/multi-band circularly polarized microstrip antenna based on slots mutual coupling." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 8, no. 2 (2015): 291–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078714001585.

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A new approach for designing a single-feed circular microstrip antenna with dual-band/multi-band circularly polarized (CP) radiation are demonstrated and studied experimentally. It is presented that by embedding pairs of asymmetrical ring-shaped arc slots to the boundary of both circular patch and the ground plane the impedance bandwidth of the antenna increases. This can be achieved by making use of both mutual coupling between the resonances of the ring-shaped arc slots and the fundamental resonances of the circular antenna. Also, by extending the ring-shaped arc slots out with narrow slots, the circular microstrip patch antenna can perform dual-band/multi-band CP radiation. Further details of the proposed CP microstrip antenna designs are described, and typical experimental results are presented and discussed.

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18

Paul, P. M., K. Kandasamy, and M. S. Sharawi. "A Multi-Band U-Strip and SRR Loaded Slot Antenna with Circular Polarization Characteristics." Advanced Electromagnetics 9, no. 1 (2020): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.7716/aem.v9i1.1183.

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A compact multiband circularly polarized slot antenna is proposed here. An F-shaped microstrip feedline is used to excite the square slot antenna loaded with a U-shaped strip and a split ring resonator (SRR) to generate three circularly polarized bands at 1.5 GHz, 2.75 GHz and 3.16 GHz. A meandered slot is used in the feedline and the U-strip to improve the axial ratio bandwidth (ARBW). The meandered feedline excites the slot to produce resonance at 2.5 GHz. This resonance along with that of the F-shaped feed, loaded SRR and U-strip combine to give rise to three circularly polarized bands which can be tuned depending on the feed, SRR and U-strip dimensions. The orientation of the F-shaped feed decides the sense of polarization of the three circularly polarized bands of the proposed antenna. The proposed antenna is fabricated on a substrate of FR4 material with dimensions 50 x 50 x 1.56 mm3. The antenna is prototyped and measured in terms of impedance bandwidth, ARBW, gain and efficiency. The simulated and measured results show reasonably good agreement.

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19

Liu, Ning, Ying Hua Lu, Si Hai Qiu, and Peng Li. "A Novel Wearable Circularly Polarized Antenna in Body-Centric Wireless Communications." Advanced Materials Research 403-408 (November 2011): 1946–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.403-408.1946.

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Wearable, textile-based antennas are dominated research topics for body-centric communications because it could be easily worn on body and integrated into clothes. Since the antenna will operate on a moving person, a circularly polarized antenna is needed in order to optimize the off-body communication link. A wearable circularly polarized textile antenna for body-centric wireless communications is designed in this paper. The proposed antenna is a square-ring microstrip antenna with truncated corners with the bandwidth of 9% when off the body. When it is near the body, we simulate the human body as three-layer model including skin, fat and muscle and put the antenna at different distances to the body. The situation of antenna bending is also simulated at different radii. Specific Absorption Rate was evaluated at last.

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20

Chen, Xi, Guang Fu, Shu-Xi Gong, Ya-Li Yan, and Jin Chen. "PARAMETRIC STUDIES ON THE CIRCULARLY POLARIZED STACKED ANNULAR-RING MICROSTRIP ANTENNA." Progress In Electromagnetics Research C 12 (2010): 65–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2528/pierc09121505.

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21

Chen, Hua-Ming, Yang-Kai Wang, Yi-Fang Lin, Che-Yen Lin, and Shan-Cheng Pan. "Microstrip-Fed Circularly Polarized Square-Ring Patch Antenna for GPS Applications." IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 57, no. 4 (2009): 1264–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tap.2009.2015855.

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22

Zhang, Y. Q., X. Li, L. Yang, and S. X. Gong. "Dual-Band Circularly Polarized Annular-Ring Microstrip Antenna for GNSS Applications." IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 12 (2013): 615–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lawp.2013.2260521.

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23

Li, Jianxing, Changqing Wang, Anxue Zhang, William T. Joines, and Qing Huo Liu. "Microstrip-line-fed reactively loaded circularly polarized annular-ring slot antenna." Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications 31, no. 1 (2017): 101–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09205071.2016.1277790.

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24

Zhang, Ke, Changrong Liu, Xueguan Liu, Huiping Guo, and Xinmi Yang. "Miniaturized Circularly Polarized Implantable Antenna for ISM-Band Biomedical Devices." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2017 (2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/9750257.

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A compact circularly polarized antenna operating at 915 MHz industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band for biomedical implantable applications is presented and experimentally measured. The proposed antenna can be miniaturized to a large extent with the compact size of 15 × 15 × 1.27 mm3 by means of loading patches to a ring-shaped microstrip patch antenna. An impedance bandwidth of 10.6% (865–962 MHz) for reflection coefficient less than −10 dB can be obtained. Meanwhile, the simulated 3 dB axial-ratio (AR) bandwidth reaches 14 MHz. Finally, the optimized design was fabricated and tested, and the measured results agree well with simulated results.

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25

Hafezifard, R., Jalil Rashed-Mohassel, Mohammad Naser-Moghadasi, and R. A. Sadeghzadeh. "Circularly polarized microstrip antenna arrays with reduced mutual coupling using metamaterial." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 8, no. 8 (2015): 1253–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078715000847.

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A circularly polarized (CP) and high gain Microstrip antenna is designed in this paper using metamaterial concepts. The antenna, built on a metamaterial substrate, showed significant size reduction and less mutual coupling in an array compared with similar arrays on conventional substrates. Demonstrated to have left-handed magnetic characteristics, the methodology uses complementary split-ring resonators (SRRs) placed horizontally between the patch and the ground plane. In order to reduce mutual coupling in the array structure, hexagonal-SRRs are embedded between antenna elements. The procedure is shown to have great impact on the antenna performance specifically its bandwidth which is broadened from 400 MHz to 1.2 GHz for X-band and as well as its efficiency. The structure has also low loss and improved standing wave ratio and less mutual coupling. The results show that a reduction of 26.6 dB in mutual coupling is obtained between elements at the operation frequency of the array. Experimental data show a reasonably good agreement between simulation and measured results.

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26

Ilnitskyi, L. Ya, O. A. Shcherbyna, M. Yu Zaliskyi, I. I. Mykhalchuk, and O. V. Kozhokhina. "POWER SUPPLY OF RING ANTENNA USING DIRECTIONAL COUPLERS." Radio Electronics, Computer Science, Control, no. 3 (September 28, 2023): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.15588/1607-3274-2023-3-1.

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Context. The circular polarization of radio waves is used in various electronic systems. This includes, for example, space communications stations, some radio relay communication systems, radar stations, data transmission systems and others. The characteristics of radio wave propagation are studied by using electromagnetic waves separated by circular orthogonal polarization in radiomonitoring and radiocontrol systems. Compared to other antenna types, circularly polarized antennas, such as rings, have superior design simplicity and excellent electrodynamics properties. Objective. The objective of this study is to analyse the characteristics and application of directional microstrip couplers for supplying power to ring antennas. Method. To better the performance of microstrip ring antennas, the reasons for their limited operating frequency range are analysed. These causes include the frequency-dependent parameters of the coupler, errors in calculating the directional coupler circuit, and radiation from asymmetric strip lines. To understand how supply lines, affect antenna characteristics, correlations between radiation fields determined in both its coordinate system and that of the primary axis are taken into account. Results. An analysis of the dependence graphs of the main characteristics of ring microstrip antennas with intricate power supply circuits for directional couplers and comparison with similar characteristics for simple circuits revealed that the shape of the radiation pattern in the higher radiation hemisphere became symmetrical about the axis, especially when symmetrically supplying the ring with branch-line couplers. The frequency band has also widened, at which there was an acceptable degree of deviation in the ellipticity coefficient from unity. Conclusions. The simulation results of microstrip ring antennas with power lines connected to directional couplers of different types showed that supplying the ring antenna with electricity via the directional coupler ensures circular polarization for the emitted electromagnetic waves. Additionally, the range of operating frequencies where there is only a small discrepancy in ellipticity coefficient remains at an acceptable level of –3 dB is quite broad. By utilizing directional branch-line couplers to power a ring antenna, it is possible to simultaneously emit both right and left circularly polarized waves with the same antenna.

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27

Perron, Alexandre, Tayeb A. Denidni, and Abdel R. Sebak. "Circularly Polarized Microstrip/Elliptical Dielectric Ring Resonator Antenna for Millimeter-Wave Applications." IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 9 (2010): 783–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lawp.2010.2064750.

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28

Ding, Kang, Tongbin Yu, and Qiao Zhang. "A COMPACT STACKED CIRCULARLY POLARIZED ANNULAR-RING MICROSTRIP ANTENNA FOR GPS APPLICATIONS." Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters 40 (2013): 171–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2528/pierl13013009.

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29

Maurya, Rakesh Kumar, Binod K. Kanaujia, A. K. Gautam, S. Chatterji, and Anil Kumar Singh. "Circularly polarized hexagonal ring microstrip patch antenna with asymmetrical feed and DGS." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 62, no. 4 (2019): 1702–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.32220.

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30

Arnaud, Eric, Cyrille Menudier, Jamil Fouany, Thierry Monediere, and Marc Thevenot. "X-band compact dual circularly polarized isoflux antenna for nanosatellite applications." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 9, no. 7 (2017): 1509–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078716001410.

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This paper presents an original solution to design a compact dual circularly polarized isoflux antenna for nanosatellite applications. This kind of antenna has been previously designed in our laboratory, for a single circular polarization. This antenna is composed of a dual circularly polarized feed and a choke horn antenna. This feed is a cross-shaped slot in the ground plane, which provides coupling between a patch and a ring microstrip line with two ports. It is located at the center of a choke horn antenna. The simulated antenna presents an axial ratio <3 dB and a realized gain close to 0 dB over a 400 MHz bandwidth (8.0–8.4 GHz) at the limit of coverage, i.e. 65° whatever the azimuth angle (φ) and the port. A 20 dB matching for each port and 13 dB isolation characteristics between the two ports have been achieved on this bandwidth. It has been realized and successfully measured.

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31

Inserra, Daniele, Wei Hu, and Guangjun Wen. "Design of a Microstrip Series Power Divider for Sequentially Rotated Nonuniform Antenna Array." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2017 (2017): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/9482979.

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This paper deals with the design of a microstrip series power divider for circularly polarized sequential rotational antenna array. The theoretical description of the design is firstly proposed, comprising the cases of nonuniform weighted antenna arrays. A more flexible open octagon shape instead of the classical open ring is suggested, highlighting benefits in the case of nonuniform power distribution. A design example of an ultra-high frequency (UHF) band 4×4 sequentially rotated Tschebischeff antenna array finally demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed implementation.

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32

Cheng, Hesheng, Jin Zhang, Hexia Cheng, and Qunli Zhao. "Compact Design of Circularly Polarized Antenna with Vertical Slotted Ground for RFID Reader Application." Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering 2017 (2017): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/1936849.

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A novel compact circular polarization (CP) microstrip antenna is proposed for UHF ultrahigh frequency (UHF) radio frequency identification (RFID) reader applications. The proposed antenna is composed of a corner truncated square-ring radiating patch on a substrate and a vertical slotted ground surrounding four sides of the antenna. A new feeding scheme is designed from flexible impedance matching techniques. The impedance bandwidths for S11<-10 dB and 3 dB axial ratio (AR) bandwidth are 12.1% (794.5–896.5 MHz) and 2.5% (833.5–854.5 MHz), respectively.

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33

Altaf, Amir, and Munkyo Seo. "Triple-Band Dual-Sense Circularly Polarized Hybrid Dielectric Resonator Antenna." Sensors 18, no. 11 (2018): 3899. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18113899.

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In this paper, a triple-band dual-sense circularly polarized (CP) hybrid dielectric resonator antenna is proposed. A modified hexagonal dielectric resonator (DR) is top-loaded with a square microstrip ring (SMR). A vertical-tapered-strip connected to a 50- Ω microstrip line is used to excite the proposed antenna. It is found that the lower and central CP bands correspond to left-handed circular polarization and are produced by the TM 11 and TE 111 modes of the SMR and modified hexagonal DR, respectively. The upper CP band is formed by the combination of the quasi-TM 21 mode of the SMR and quasi-TE 111 mode of the DR that exhibits right-handed circular polarization. The measurement results of the fabricated prototype show triple-band response for |S 11 | < −10 dB with impedance bandwidths (IBWs) of 17.4% (1.75–2.03 GHz), 28.13% (2.23–2.96 GHz), and 2.97% (3.65–3.76 GHz) in the lower, central, and upper bands, respectively. The measured 3 dB axial ratio bandwidths lying within −10 dB IBWs are 3.69% (1.86–1.93 GHz), 5.46% (2.67–2.82 GHz), and 2.15% (3.68–3.76 GHz) along with the peak gains of 5 dBic, 5.28 dBic, and 2.36 dBic in the lower, central, and upper bands, respectively.

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34

Yende, Mohamed Njianga, Ghanshyam Singh, Guy Ayissi Eyebe, Clement Mbinack, and Joseph Mebara Mbida. "Implanted Rhombus Ring Partial Inset-Fed Circularly Polarized Microstrip Monopole Antenna for WBAN Applications." International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering 2024 (February 15, 2024): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2024/2555206.

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In the present article, a design approach to accomplish circular polarization-based rhombus ring microstrip-fed monopole antenna working at 5.8 GHz for wireless body area network (WBAN) applications is proposed. The input impedance calculation using an electromagnetic theory of transmission line in a travelling wave coupled to the parallel-plate inductor model is conducted. Radiated electric field pattern calculation of the conventional square ring microstrip patch antenna (MSPA) using Biot and Savart’s law is reported. The circular polarization of the proposed antenna is accomplished by loading the radiating path with a capacitive element sectioned in the neighbourhood of the feed line. The proposed planar monopole antenna of volume 0.38λ0×0.38λ0×0.029λ0 (λ0 is evaluated at the resonant frequency of 5.8 GHz) achieves a -10 dB impedance bandwidth of 86.20% in the band (3-8 GHz) with a stable real gain of 8.29 dBic in circular polarization at the resonant frequency of 5.8 GHz and axial ration bandwidth of about 32.75% in the (5-6.9 GHz) band. Specific absorption rate (SAR) evaluation of the studied antenna is computed numerically on a part of the human phantom model to justify its use in WBAN applications. It is noted that the maximum amount of radiation absorbed by a part of the human phantom model is limited to a maximum SAR value of 1.45 W/kg and 0.754 W/kg on 1 g and 10 g of tissue mass, respectively. The prospective design has been fabricated and tested, and the experimental results are in good agreement with the simulation outcomes.

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35

Li, Bo, Chun Yang, Zhanping Yang, Junwei Shi, Jianxing Li, and Anxue Zhang. "Circularly Polarized Array with Enhanced Isolation Using Magnetic Metamaterials." Electronics 8, no. 11 (2019): 1356. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics8111356.

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This article proposes a 2 × 2 circularly polarized array with enhanced isolation that could be used in the adaptive anti-jamming system for China’s Beidou Navigation Satellite System (BDS), and a compact dual-band microstrip antenna for GPS and GLONASS is designed at the center part of the array for multiple modes operation. The substrate integrated split ring resonators with negative effective permeability are used as the magnetic metamaterials. Four groups of the magnetic metamaterials are placed between the BDS antenna elements, which could constrain the EM filed in the area of the active element, and then significantly reduce the mutual coupling among the elements. The results tell that the isolation among the BDS elements are improved by more than 10 dB, and the performance of radiation patterns and the axial ratio of each BDS elements are also apparently improved compared to the array without magnetic metamaterials.

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36

Patil, Shilpee, Anil Kumar Singh, Binod Kumar Kanaujia, and R. L. Yadava. "A compact, dual wide-band circularly polarized, modified square ring slot antenna for C and Ku band applications." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 11, no. 2 (2018): 182–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078718001368.

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AbstractThis paper presents a compact microstrip antenna using FR-4 substrate for dual band circularly polarized operation using a modified square ring slot in the ground plane with microstrip line feed. Simulation of the impedance characteristic and radiation characteristic for the proposed antenna is carried out using commercially available HFSS software. The simulated data validate measured results and shows good agreement. Proposed antenna shows an impedance bandwidth (return loss >10 dB) of 50.88% at 5.9 GHz of center frequency and 29.92% at 12.8 GHz of center frequency for lower and upper band, respectively. The 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth for lower and upper band is 26.4 and 3.0%, respectively and measured peak gain for the lower and upper band is found as 3.2 and 3.4 dBic, respectively. The proposed antenna can be suitable for wireless communication in C and Ku bands.

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37

Peng, Cheng, Zhi-Hao Ye, Han Xiao, Jing Huang, Ning-Zhao Luo, and Dong Wu. "A SMALL DISK-COUPLED CIRCULARLY POLARIZED MICROSTRIP RING ANTENNA FOR MICROWAVE ENERGY HARVESTING." Progress In Electromagnetics Research M 111 (2022): 13–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2528/pierm22042902.

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38

Wu, Shiji, Jiade Yuan, Jiangcheng Chen, and Yujie Li. "Compact Circularly Polarized Microstrip Ring Antenna Using Capacitive Coupling Structure for RFID Readers." IEEE Access 8 (2020): 32617–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2973719.

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39

YASUKAWA, M. "Compact and Broadband Circularly Polarized Microstrip Antenna with Ring-Slot on Ground Plane." IEICE Transactions on Communications E90-B, no. 8 (2007): 2179–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ietcom/e90-b.8.2179.

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40

Lee, Dong-Hyo, Hyung-Mo Yang, and Seongmin Pyo. "Reconfigurable circularly polarized microstrip antenna based on dual-embedded dual slotted ring perturbation." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 57, no. 10 (2015): 2422–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.29359.

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41

Bhadade, R. S., and S. P. Mahajan. "High Gain Circularly Polarized Pentagonal Microstrip for Massive MIMO Base Station." Advanced Electromagnetics 8, no. 3 (2019): 83–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.7716/aem.v8i3.764.

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In this paper we propose a circularly polarized pentagonal microstrip antenna on a suspended substrate with coaxial probe feed and five loaded slits for Massive MIMO BS Antenna applications. Massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) is one of the key component to be incorporated in the 5G cellular systems. The proposed antenna is successfully simulated using HFSS 13.0, fabricated on a FR-4 substrate and measured. The proposed antenna exhibits a much higher gain of 6.17dB, improved impedance bandwidth of 171.9 MHz (Return loss, S11= -10dB) , axial ratio bandwidth (< 3dB) of 135 MHz , patch area of 1775 mm2 , and also yields return loss better than -15 dB around the center frequency of 2.45 GHz (ISM Band). Measured characteristics of the antenna are in good agreement with the simulated results.

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42

Kollipara, Vamshi, and Samineni Peddakrishna. "Quad-Port Circularly Polarized MIMO Antenna with Wide Axial Ratio." Sensors 22, no. 20 (2022): 7972. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22207972.

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This article studies a quad-port multi-input-multi-output (MIMO) circularly polarized antenna with good isolation properties. Using characteristic mode analysis (CMA), the first six distinct modes of the asymmetric square slot with an inverted L-strip are analyzed. In this study, modal parameter extraction is carried out for circular polarization (CP) radiation. A simple annular ring microstrip feed is excited to obtain broadband CP based on CMA. The single-unit feeding structure is replicated orthogonally four times to achieve a CP MIMO antenna. This antenna provides port isolation of more than 21 dB without the use of an additional decoupling element. The quad-port CP-MIMO antenna is simulated with a total dimension of 50 × 50 mm2. The antenna attains impedance matching (S11 < −10 dB) from 5.37 GHz to beyond 11 GHz with an axial ratio bandwidth (ARBW) of 4.65 GHz (5.61 GHz to 10.26 GHz). The peak realized gain of the MIMO antenna is measured at 5.69 dBi at 8.4 GHz. Additionally, the diversity performance parameters of the MIMO structure are computed. The advantages of the proposed structure have been evaluated by comparing it to previously reported MIMO structures. A prototype of the MIMO structure measurements was found to match the simulation results.

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43

Beegum, S. Femina, Manoj Joseph, Saji Joyas, Jayakumar M, and Girija J. "DUAL CIRCULARLY POLARIZED BROADBAND MICROSTRIP ANTENNA ARRAY FOR SPACE RE-ENTRY VEHICLE APPLICATIONS IN S BAND." ICTACT Journal on Communication Technology 15, no. 3 (2024): 3229–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.21917/ijct.2024.0481.

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This paper presents the design details of an integrated 4x4 element dual feed dual circularly polarized microstrip antenna array in the S-band. The dual circular polarization is achieved by the use of quadrature hybrids. Power division for the dual input array is achieved through two 1x16 equal split equal phase corporate feed networks. The quadrature hybrids and corporate feeds for the proposed array are designed in multilayer printed circuit boards (PCB) in stripline configuration. This antenna can be used to transmit or receive both right-handed circularly polarized (RHCP) waves or left-handed circularly polarized (LHCP) waves simultaneously or one at a time by terminating the other port with 50O resistance. The proposed antenna has 700MHz of 10 dB impedance bandwidth (27%), 400MHz of 3dB axial ratio bandwidth and 300MHz of 3dB gain bandwidth centred at 2.5GHz with a peak gain of 15.5dB in both polarizations. It has a 3dB beam width of 26° and cross-polarization levels below 20dB in both the polarizations. Design and simulation of patch array, quadrature hybrids and 1x16 corporate feeds in multilayer configuration, PCB stack-ups, fabrication, integration and testing processes are discussed in detail. The effect of thermal protection system (TPS) of the re-entry vehicle on antenna performance parameters was studied and presented.

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44

Yuan, Jiade, and Yujie Li. "A COMPACT CIRCULARLY POLARIZED MICROSTRIP RING ANTENNA USING A SLOTTED GROUND FOR GNSS APPLICATIONS." Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters 88 (2020): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2528/pierl19082707.

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45

Chen, Xi, Guang Fu, Shu-Xi Gong, Ya-Li Yan, and Zhi-Ya Zhang. "SINGLE-FEEDING CIRCULARLY POLARIZED TM21-MODE ANNULAR-RING MICROSTRIP ANTENNA FOR MOBILE SATELLITE COMMUNICATION." Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters 20 (2011): 147–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2528/pierl10121601.

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46

Baik, Jungwoo, Sangjoong Kim, and Youngsik Kim. "Circularly polarized microstrip antenna using asymmetric ring-sector slots embedded on the ground plane." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 49, no. 3 (2007): 602–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.22210.

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47

Han, Tuan-Yung. "Series-Fed Microstrip Array Antenna with Circular Polarization." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2012 (2012): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/681431.

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This study proposes a novel 2 × 2 array antenna design with broadband and circularly-polarized (CP) operation. The proposed design uses a simple series-fed network to increase the CP bandwidth without requiring one-by-one adjustment of each array element or a complex feed network. Selecting the appropriate spacing between each array element allows the proposed array antenna to generate CP radiation with a low axial ratio. Experimental results based on a prototype show that this 2 × 2 microstrip array antenna achieves a wide 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth of more than 10%. Simulated data are also provided to confirm the measured results.

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48

Deng, Zhong Liang, Man Zu Hong, and Yi Dong Yao. "Miniature Circularly Polarized Microstrip Patch Antenna with Rectangular Slots for GPS Application." Applied Mechanics and Materials 148-149 (December 2011): 149–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.148-149.149.

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A miniature circularly polarized (CP) microstrip patch antenna with rectangular slots for GPS application is presented. The antenna structure is composed of a square radiating patch and two rectangular slots. The two rectangular slots are incorporated to obtain CP characteristic, with one slot on the lower left corner of the square patch and the other on the upper right corner. By adjusting the dimensions and positions of the slots, the proposed antenna can exhibit CP radiation. Moreover, miniature properties are achieved by the use of very high permittivity substrate material. Simulated results by Ansoft HFSS are given.

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49

Liu, Shuangbing, Lixia Yang, Qian Chen, and Xianliang Wu. "A Low-Profile Broadband Circularly Polarized Metasurface Antenna Aperture Coupled by Shorted Annular-Ring Slot." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2022 (August 10, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8517646.

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A low-profile (LP) metasurface antenna is proposed for broadband circularly polarized (CP) operations. The metasurface radiator, formed by a 5 × 5 array of square patches, has a microstrip line fed at its bottom through a shorted annular-ring slot centered on the ground plane. First, the characteristic mode analysis (CMA) methodology is employed to examine the intrinsic modes of the metasurface. Subsequently, a pair of mutually orthogonal modes is selected and excited by the feeding structure with a 90° phase difference to produce CP radiation. For the purpose of verification, a prototype antenna is developed, and the obtained data reveal that the antenna exhibits an impedance bandwidth of 43.9% ranging from 4.8 to 7.5 GHz (S11<−10 dB). The 3-dB axial ratio bandwidth is 22.2% in the range of 5.6–7 GHz, among which a satisfactory left-handed CP radiation is achieved, and the maximum gain in the broadside direction reaches 9.3 dBic at 6.9 GHz.

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50

Alanazi, Meshari D., and Salam K. Khamas. "Wideband Circularly Polarized Millimeter Wave Hemispherical Dielectric Resonator Antenna." Micromachines 14, no. 2 (2023): 436. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi14020436.

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A novel approach is proposed to design a circularly polarized (CP) hemispherical dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) with a wide axial ratio (AR) bandwidth by incorporating an additional dielectric substrate between the antenna and the ground plane. This is in addition to the lower feeding substrate that is located between the ground plane on one side and the feeding microstrip line on the other side. Adding another substrate on top of the ground plane provided an additional degree of freedom in the design that facilitated the achievement of ab 18% AR bandwidth. In addition, an integrated hemispherical DRA and perforated substrate configuration was utilized to achieve optimum effective substrate permittivity and overcome the DRA alignment and assembly challenges while maintaining the achieved wide CP bandwidth. A close agreement was achieved between measurements and simulations.

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