Relevant bibliographies by topics / Circulation

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Circulation'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 9 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Circulation"

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Khoja, Leila, Christy Mitchinson, Damien Brown, Cong Zhou, Karen Morris, Derek O'Reilly, Rahul Deshpande, et al. "Pancreatic circulating tumor cells: Where are they?" Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2012): e21037-e21037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.15_suppl.e21037.

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e21037 Background: We previously demonstrated that circulating tumor cell (CTC) numbers in advanced pancreatic carcinoma were low in contrast to other epithelial carcinomas. We hypothesized that pancreatic CTCs may sequest in the liver and conceived a study to explore CTC number in the peripheral and portal circulations of patients undergoing Whipple’s surgery. Methods: Seventeen patients undergoing Whipple’s surgery were recruited prospectively after informed written consent. Blood was collected intra-operatively from the portal vein prior to tumor mobilization and from the peripheral circulation. Paired samples were analysed for CTC number (CellSearch system, Veridex, USA), and M30/M65 biomarkers of cell death. Results: Of 17 patients 6 had cholangiocarcinomas and 11 had pancreatic adenocarcinomas (5 inoperable). CTC number in the portal circulation was consistently higher than in the peripheral circulation. All patients with cholangiocarcinoma had no CTCs in the peripheral circulation but two patients had 139 and 21 CTCs in the portal circulation. Five patients with pancreatic carcinoma had no CTCs in the peripheral circulation but 1 CTC in 2 patients, 4 CTCs in 2 patients and 32 and 731 CTCs were seen in 2 other patients in the portal circulation. Five patients had no CTCs in both circulations and the remaining patient had 1 CTC in the peripheral circulation and 4 CTCs in the portal circulation. Where present, circulating tumour microemboli were detected in the portal circulation only. M65 levels were higher in the portal circulation indicating higher levels of cell death. M30 levels did not differ significantly between circulations but appeared to correlate with portal CTC number. Conclusions: This is the first study to enumerate CTCs in peripheral and portal circulations in pancreato-biliary carcinomas. Higher CTC numbers are present in the portal circulation suggesting CTC sequestration in the liver. Five patients with pancreatic cancer (2 of whom were inoperable) had no CTCs in either circulation, a finding consistent with the poor vascularity and dense stromal characteristics of this carcinoma. Nonetheless the portal circulation may be a potential source for CTC characterisation including genomic analysis to further define tumor biology.
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Miao, Yucong, Shuhua Liu, Yijia Zheng, Shu Wang, and Bicheng Chen. "Numerical Study of the Effects of Topography and Urbanization on the Local Atmospheric Circulations over the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, China." Advances in Meteorology 2015 (2015): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/397070.

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The effects of the topography and urbanization on the local atmospheric circulations over the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region were studied by the weather research and forecasting (WRF) model, as well as the interactions among these local atmospheric circulations. It was found that, in the summer day time, the multiscale thermally induced local atmospheric circulations may exist and interact in the same time over the BTH region; the topography played a role in the strengthening of the sea breeze circulations; after sunset, the inland progress of sea breeze was slowed down by the opposite mountain breeze; when the land breeze circulation dominated the Bohai bay, the mountain breeze circulation can couple with the land breeze circulation to form a large circulation ranging from the coastline to the mountains. And the presence of cities cannot change the general state of the sea-land breeze (SLB) circulation and mountain-valley breeze (MVB) circulation but acted to modify these local circulations slightly. Meanwhile, the development of the urban heat island (UHI) circulation was also strongly influenced by the nearby SLB circulation and MVB circulation.
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Plesca, Elina, Verena Grützun, and Stefan A. Buehler. "How Robust Is the Weakening of the Pacific Walker Circulation in CMIP5 Idealized Transient Climate Simulations?" Journal of Climate 31, no. 1 (December 8, 2017): 81–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-17-0151.1.

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Abstract The tropical overturning circulations are likely weakening under increased CO2 forcing. However, insufficient understanding of the circulations’ dynamics diminishes the full confidence in such a response. Based on a CMIP5 idealized climate experiment, this study investigates the changes in the Pacific Walker circulation under anthropogenic forcing and the sensitivity of its weakening response to internal variability, general circulation model (GCM) configuration, and indexing method. The sensitivity to internal variability is analyzed by using a 68-member ensemble of the MPI-ESM-LR model, and the influence of model physics is analyzed by using the 28-member CMIP5 ensemble. Three simple circulation indices—based on mean sea level pressure, 500-hPa vertical velocity, and 200-hPa velocity potential—are computed for each member of the two ensembles. The study uses the output of the CMIP5 idealized transient climate simulations with 1% yr−1 CO2 increase from preindustrial level, and investigates the detected circulation response until the moment of CO2 doubling (70 yr). Depending on the indexing method, it is found that 50%–93% of the MPI-ESM-LR and 54%–75% of the CMIP5 ensemble members project significant negative trends in the circulation’s intensity. This large spread in the ensembles reduces the confidence that a weakening circulation is a robust feature of climate change. Furthermore, the similar magnitude of the spread in both ensembles shows that the Walker circulation response is strongly influenced by natural variability, even over a 70-yr period.
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Leete, Art, Elo-Hanna Seljamaa, and Laur Vallikivi. "A Few Impressions and Reflections American Anthropological Association: 109th Annual Meeting. November 17–21, 2010. New Orleans." Folklore: Electronic Journal of Folklore 47 (2011): 185–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.7592/fejf2011.47.circulation.

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Jin, Xin, Shiru Huang, and Xue Lei. "Research on the Impact Mechanism of Green Innovation in Marine Science and Technology Enabling Dual Economic Circulations." Sustainability 16, no. 19 (September 27, 2024): 8421. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16198421.

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Currently, accelerating the construction of a new development pattern with dual economic circulations is strategically significant for enhancing the autonomy and sustainability of China’s economic development. First of all, this paper, from the perspective of green innovation in marine science and technology, measures its efficiency using the SBM super-efficiency model. Then, a coupling coordination model calculates the coordination degree of dual economic circulations after measuring the domestic and international economic circulations based on the TOPSIS method. Secondly, a two-way fixed effects model is employed to examine the impact of green innovation in marine science and technology on domestic economic circulation, international economic circulation, and dual economic circulations. The study finds that green innovation in marine science and technology effectively promotes domestic economic circulation, international economic circulation, and the dual economic circulations. Additionally, green innovation in marine science and technology mitigates the impact of inter-regional resource misalignment on domestic economic circulation and influences international economic circulation by promoting the high-quality development of the marine economy. Finally, it is discovered that green innovation in marine science and technology exhibits a single-threshold heterogeneous effect on domestic economic circulation and international economic circulation.
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Waalewijn, R. A. "Problemen met de circulatie (C: Circulation)." Bijblijven 19, no. 7 (July 2003): 287–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03059727.

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Cunningham, Stuart A. "Southern Ocean circulation." Archives of Natural History 32, no. 2 (October 2005): 265–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/anh.2005.32.2.265.

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The Discovery Investigations of the 1930s provided a compelling description of the main elements of the Southern Ocean circulation. Over the intervening years, this has been extended to include ideas on ocean dynamics based on physical principles. In the modern description, the Southern Ocean has two main circulations that are intimately linked: a zonal (west-east) circumpolar circulation and a meridional (north-south) overturning circulation. The Antarctic Circumpolar Current transports around 140 million cubic metres per second west to east around Antarctica. This zonal circulation connects the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans, transferring and blending water masses and properties from one ocean basin to another. For the meridional circulation, a key feature is the ascent of waters from depths of around 2,000 metres north of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current to the surface south of the Current. In so doing, this circulation connects deep ocean layers directly to the atmosphere. The circumpolar zonal currents are not stable: meanders grow and separate, creating eddies and these eddies are critical to the dynamics of the Southern Ocean, linking the zonal circumpolar and meridional circulations. As a result of this connection, a global three-dimensional ocean circulation exists in which the Southern Ocean plays a central role in regulating the Earth's climate.
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Lenz, T., G. D. James, J. H. Laragh, and J. E. Sealey. "Prorenin secretion from human placenta perfused in vitro." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 260, no. 6 (June 1, 1991): E876—E882. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.1991.260.6.e876.

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We examined whether renin (prorenin plus renin) is secreted from the human placenta into the maternal or fetal circulation and compared the secretion rate to that of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), progesterone, and estradiol. While estradiol and progesterone passed into both circulations, renin (mostly prorenin) and hCG were secreted predominantly into the maternal circulation. To examine if prorenin passed from the maternal to the fetal circulation and vice versa, we perfused both circuits separately with exogenous recombinant human prorenin. No prorenin passed from maternal to fetal circulations, but a small amount (less than 10%) slowly passed from fetal to maternal, beginning 15 min after the addition of prorenin. Exogenous prorenin was not converted to renin in either circulation. Perfusate total renin had close to 10% active renin, whereas that of tissue extracts was closer to 50%. In conclusion, the results are consistent with some tissue activation of prorenin, either in vitro or in vivo, but no activation in the maternal or fetal circulations. The human placenta may secrete prorenin into the maternal but not into the fetal circulation. The possibility that the placenta may secrete a small amount of active renin into the maternal circulation was not ruled out.
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Aquino-Martínez, Lourdes P., Arturo I. Quintanar, Carlos A. Ochoa-Moya, Erika Danaé López-Espinoza, David K. Adams, and Aron Jazcilevich-Diamant. "Urban-Induced Changes on Local Circulation in Complex Terrain: Central Mexico Basin." Atmosphere 12, no. 7 (July 14, 2021): 904. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos12070904.

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Land use land cover (LULC) significantly impacts local circulation in the Mexico Basin, particularly wind field circulations such as gap winds, convergence lines, and thermally induced upslope/downslope wind. A case study with a high-pressure system over the Mexico Basin isolates the influence of large-scale synoptic forcing. Numerical simulations reveal a wind system composed of meridional circulation and a zonal component. Thermal pressure gradients between the Mexico basin and its colder surroundings create near-surface convergence lines as part of the meridional circulation. Experiments show that the intensity and organization of meridional circulations and downslope winds increase when LULC changes from natural and cultivated land to urban. Zonal circulation exhibits a typical circulation pattern with the upslope flow and descending motion in the middle of the basin. Large values of moist static energy are near the surface where air parcels pick up energy from the surface either as fluxes of enthalpy or latent heat. Surface heat fluxes and stored energy in the ground are drivers of local circulation, which is more evident in zonal circulation patterns.
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Hickey, Joanne V. "Cerebral Circulation Demystified." AACN Advanced Critical Care 2, no. 4 (November 1, 1991): 657–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4037/15597768-1991-4005.

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Basic anatomic and physiologic concepts related to cerebral circulation are summarized. The arterial blood supply is traced from its origins to the major divisions of anterior and posterior circulation. The circle of Willis, the major arterial vessels and territories, and the peculiarities of the cerebral venous circulation are discussed. Finally, concepts of cerebral circulations are applied to clinical practice to assist the nurse in accurately assessing, monitoring, and predicting human responses to alterations in cerebral blood supply
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Circulation"

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Burkell, James J. "Solids circulation rate measurement in a circulating fluidized bed." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26217.

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This thesis documents the investigation of three methods of determining solids fluxes in a circulating fluidized bed (CFB). An impact flowmeter used the force of the recirculating particles striking a pan which spanned the diameter of the return column to measure solids circulation rates. A modified orifice, with a conical entrance section, used the additional pressure differential resulting from solids flowing counter-currently to gas to determine solids fluxes. The third method used the velocities of particles travelling through the vertical section of an L-valve to determine solids circulation rates. The results obtained in this work show that the impact flowmeter and the method utilizing L-valve particle velocities are viable methods of measuring solids fluxes in a CFB. However, further research is required before these methods can be confidently used. The modified orifice, as studied, was not sensitive enough to sense solids circulation. However, the meter may offer potential if studied with co-current gas solids flow.<br>Applied Science, Faculty of<br>Chemical and Biological Engineering, Department of<br>Graduate
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Schubert, Bastian. "Circulation Structured." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36173.

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Circulation is the way by which people move and interact with a piece of architecture. In public buildings, such as transportation terminals, it is crucial to have a floor plan that allows easy flow of pedestrian traffic. Effective circulation in public areas such as these ensures a visitor can navigate conveniently and efficiently. Also, using circulation elements such as elevators, escalators, and staircases, optimizes the flow of individuals through a building while providing visual appeal as they can be positioned and designed creatively Within my thesis I am investigating the relation between the physical presence of architecture and the possibilities to provide order and sensualisation throught its circulation system. Humans follow specific quotes of orientation, but architecture can especially offer certain guidelines. Although structural solutions require essential knowledge, this thesis further requests the double use of structure as a circulation pathway in addition. The high-scale urban environment of New York City provides ground for this investigation.<br>Master of Architecture
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Feddersen, Falk. "Nearshore circulation /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3035923.

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Wang, Yixiong. "Comparative planetary circulation regimes in simple general circulation models." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.669741.

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This thesis presents the studies of terrestrial planetary atmospheric circula- tion regimes using simplified GCMs with different levels of complexity. Two different versions of the simplified GCM PUMA (Portable University Model for the Atmosphere) are used — PUMA-S with Newtonian cooling scheme and PUMA-G with a semi-grey two-band radiative transfer scheme and dry convective adjustment. A series of controlled experiments are conducted by varying planetary rotation rate and imposed equator-to-pole temperature dif- ference using PUMAS-S, and by varying rotation rate, planetary obliquity, and the ratio of optical depth in long-wave (thermal radiation) band to that in short-wave (stellar radiation) band using PUMA-G. These defining parame- ters are further combined with each other into dimensionless forms to establish parameter spaces, in which the occurences of different circulation regimes are mapped and classified. For the PUMA-S experiments, very coherent trends when varying planetary rotation rate (thermal Rossby number) is found. It is demonstrated that the GRW mechanism is mainly responsible for the equato- rial super-rotation observed in our experiments. Regular baroclinic waves are obtained at intermediate values of thermal Rossby number and depend strongly on the strength of radiative and frictional damping. Global atmospheric ener- getics in terms of Lorenz energy cycle and meridional heat transport efficiency also exhibits strong dependence on planetary rotation rate from our PUMA-S experiments. Theories of geostrophic turbulence (especially the recently in- troduced zonostrophic turbulence) and jet formation are examined using the PUMA-S experiments. For the PUMA-G experiments, Similar trends are ob- served with respect to varying planetary rotation rate, while new regimes like strongly subrotating atmospheres are found when varying obliquity in PUMA- G. Tidally-locked planets are also studied by modifying the incoming stellar irradiation in PUMA-G. It is found that atmospheric optical depth in the long- wave band plays an important role in setting the heat transport efficiency from day-side to night-side. These results provide significant insights into the ter- restrial planetary atmospheric circulation dynamics and the inference of circu- lation regimes of extrasolar planets. Future studies will focus on the effect of seasonal/diurnal cycle, the parametrisation of eddy heat transport efficiency, as well as the modification of the two-band semi-grey radiative transfer scheme to incorporate pressure broadening effects
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Nelkien, Haim. "Thermally driven circulation." Woods Hole, Mass. : Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1912/3152.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, and (Ph. D.)--Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 1987.<br>Cover title. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 181-186).
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Nelken, Haim. "Thermally driven circulation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/58495.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Joint Program in Oceanography (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences; and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution), 1987.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 181-186).<br>Several problems connected by the theme of thermal forcing are addressed herein. The main topic is the stratification and flow field resulting from imposing a specified heat flux on a fluid that is otherwise confined to a rigid insulating basin. In addition to the traditional eddy viscosity and diffusivity, turbulent processes are also included by a convective overturning adjustment at locations where the local density field is unstable. Two classes of problems are treated. The first is the large scale meridional pattern of a fluid in an annulus. The detailed treatment is carried out in two steps. In the beginning (chapter 2) it is assumed that the fluid is very diffusive, hence, to first approximation no flow field is present. It is found that the convective overturning adjustment changes the character of the stratification in all the regions that are cooled from the top, resulting in a temperature field that is nearly depth independent in the northernmost latitudes. The response to a seasonal cycle in the forcing, and the differences between averaging the results from the end of each season compared to driving the fluid by a mean forcing are analyzed. In particular, the resulting sea surface temperature is warmer in the former procedure. This observation is important in models where the heat flux is sensitive to the gradient of air to sea surface temperatures. The analysis of the problem continues in chapter 5 where the contribution of the flow field is included in the same configuration. The dimensionless parameter controlling the circulation is now the Rayleigh number, which is a measure of the relative importance of gravitational and viscous forces. The effects of the convective overturning adjustment is investigated at different Rayleigh numbers. It is shown that not only is the stratification now always stable, but also that the vigorous vertical mixing reduces the effective Rayleigh number; thereby the flow field is more moderate, the thermocline deepens, and the horizontal surface temperature gradients are weaker. The interior of the fluid is colder compared to cases without convective overturning, and, because the amount of heat in the system is assumed to be fixed, the surface temperature is warmer. The fluid is not only forced by a mean heat flux, or a seasonally varying one, but its behavior under permanent winter and summer conditions is also investigated. A steady state for the experiments where the net heat flux does not vanish is defined as that state where the flow field and temperature structure are not changing with time except for an almost uniform temperature decrease or increase everywhere. It is found that when winter conditions prevail the circulation is very strong, while it is rather weak for continuous summer forcing. In contrast to those results, if a yearly cycle is imposed, the circulation tends to reach a minimum in the winter time and a maximum in the summer. This suggests that, depending on the Rayleigh number, there is a phase leg of several months between the response of the ocean and the imposed forcing. Differences between the two averaging procedures mentioned before are also observed when the flow field is present, especially for large Rayleigh numbers. The circulation is found to be weaker and the sea surface temperature colder in the mean of the seasonal realizations compared to the steady state derived by the mean forcing. As an extension to the numerical results, an analytic model is presented in chapter 4 for a similar annular configuration.<br>by Haim Nelken.<br>Ph.D.
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Dugas, Bernard. "Persistent circulation anomalies in observations and in a general circulation model." Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=74220.

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A comparative diagnostic study of upper-air persistent atmospheric events, as simulated by a general circulation model (GCM) and as observed, is presented. We start with an overview of the several theories that attempt to explain such phenomena. Particular emphasis is put on the model approach of Shutts (1983). We next show that the spatial distributions of persistent events is qualitatively similar in the GCM and observational data. The North-Atlantic events are extracted and a rotated empirical orthogonal function (REOF) analysis is done on the resulting data sets. The two REOF sets that are thus obtained are shown to greatly resemble one another. Both explain roughly 50% of their original data's variance. The relationships between the modes within a set are presented, so as to understand their probable combined evolution. The fourth chapter contains an evaluation of Shutt's theory. There, the third chapter's results are used to isolate a particular class of events, namely the strong +ATL2 dipoles. The time-tendencies associated to short time-scale synoptic waves are evaluated, using an E-vectors approach, taking care to distinguish between the onset, mature and demise phases of the events. It seems that these synoptic waves have a significant impact of the average life-cycle of this +ATL2 type of events, whether they be simulated by a GCM or obtained from a NMC set of analyses.
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Solberg, Robert Glen. "Extracorporeal Circulation: Effect of Long-Term (24-Hour) Circulation on Blood Components." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32157.

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Extracorporeal circulation damages blood and causes harmful side effects such as stroke and/or systemic inflammatory response in patients. Reactions of blood components to extracorporeal circulation include complement and inflammatory reactions, coagulation and thrombogenesis, frank hemolysis, and platelet activation and adhesion to the extracorporeal circuit. Non-physiologic pressure and flow produced by blood pumps contribute to blood injury. Two pump types, roller and centrifugal, are used for maintaining flow, with various models available from different manufacturers. This study compared the effects of these two pumps in identical, isolated, artificial circuits to a non-pumped control for a period of 24 hours on heparinized porcine blood. Hematology parameters were used to evaluate blood damage. Mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, white blood cell count, platelet count, and mean platelet volume were affected by time of circulation. Mean corpuscular hemoglobin, platelet count, and red cell distribution width were different between circulated and non-circulated blood, however no differences were found between the pumping systems in any parameter. Red blood cell count, total hemoglobin, and hematocrit were not affected by time or treatment. The changes observed in this study have implications for the use of extracorporeal circulation in the clinical setting and in future use of blood as a potential organ perfusion medium.<br>Master of Science
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Li, Hai. "Bile acids enterohepatic circulation." [S.l. : Amsterdam : s.n.] ; Universiteit van Amsterdam [Host], 2005. http://dare.uva.nl/document/77982.

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Bean, Mark Shawn. "Modelling the thermohaline circulation." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.242716.

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Books on the topic "Circulation"

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Trotter, David. Circulation. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-19435-3.

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Palmer, Roger. Circulation. Salzburg, Austria: Fotohof, 2012.

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Society for the Study of the Short Story, ed. Circulation. Buffalo, NY: Sunnyoutside, 2008.

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Neilson, Bruce J., Albert Kuo, and John Brubaker, eds. Estuarine Circulation. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4562-9.

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Spaan, Jos A. E., Albert V. G. Bruschke, and Adriana C. Gittenberger-De Groot, eds. Coronary Circulation. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3369-9.

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Kassab, Ghassan S. Coronary Circulation. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-14819-5.

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Kajiya, Fumihiko, Gerald A. Klassen, Jos A. E. Spaan, and Julien I. E. Hoffman, eds. Coronary Circulation. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68087-1.

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Schaper, Wolfgang, and Jutta Schaper, eds. Collateral Circulation. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3092-3.

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Angela, Colling, and Open University. Oceanography Course Team., eds. Ocean circulation. 2nd ed. Boston: Butterworth Heinemann, in association with the Open University, 2001.

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A, Hanson Mark, Spencer John A. D, and Rodeck C. H, eds. The Circulation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Circulation"

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Trotter, David. "Defoe I." In Circulation, 1–17. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-19435-3_1.

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Trotter, David. "Defoe II." In Circulation, 18–36. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-19435-3_2.

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Trotter, David. "Defoe III." In Circulation, 37–60. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-19435-3_3.

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Trotter, David. "Medical Police." In Circulation, 61–76. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-19435-3_4.

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Trotter, David. "Dickens I." In Circulation, 77–98. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-19435-3_5.

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Trotter, David. "Dickens II." In Circulation, 99–123. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-19435-3_6.

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Trotter, David. "Dickens III." In Circulation, 124–36. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-19435-3_7.

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Bährle-Rapp, Marina. "circulation." In Springer Lexikon Kosmetik und Körperpflege, 113. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-71095-0_2119.

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Jaski, Brian E. "Circulation." In Developments in Cardiovascular Medicine, 25–52. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4379-4_4.

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Walker, Chris. "Circulation." In Foundations of Nursing Practice, 216–37. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-230-34457-0_10.

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Conference papers on the topic "Circulation"

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"Regional Circulation." In 2008 IEEE/OES 9th Working Conference on Current Measurement Technology. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ccm.2008.4480879.

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Wu, Qiao, and James J. Sienicki. "Stability Analysis on Single-Phase Natural Circulation in Argonne Lead Loop Facility." In 10th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone10-22375.

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One-dimensional linear stability analysis was performed for single-phase lead-bismuth eutectic natural circulation. The Nyquist criterion and a root search method were employed to find the linear stability boundary of both forward and backward circulations. It was found that the natural circulations could be linearly unstable in a high Reynolds number region. Increasing loop friction makes a forward circulation more stable, but destabilizes the corresponding backward circulation under the same heating/cooling conditions. The characteristic wavelength of an unstable disturbance is roughly equal to the entire loop length.
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Nishida, Toyoaki. "Conversational Knowledge Circulation." In Second International Conference on Informatics Research for Development of Knowledge Society Infrastructure (ICKS'07). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icks.2007.8.

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Ayling, L. J., J. W. Jenner, and H. Elkins. "Continuous Circulation Drilling." In Offshore Technology Conference. Offshore Technology Conference, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/14269-ms.

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Zhu, Hongye, Xingtuan Yang, Haibo Lian, and Shengyao Jiang. "Experimental and Numerical Study on Natural Circulation Under Inclined Condition." In 2013 21st International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone21-15444.

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Natural circulation systems are broadly used in marine environments. When accidents happen, these systems may work under inclined condition. In this paper, we conducted a series of experimental study on the thermohydraulics behavior of natural circulation in a symmetric two-circuit loop under the inclined angle from 0∼45°. A CFD model is also set up and predicts the results well in comparing with the experiments. Both experimental and numerical analysis show that with the increase of inclined angle, the total circulation flow rate decreases. When the loop inclines about the axis perpendicular to the circulation, one circulation is depressed while the other is enhanced; accordingly the disparity between the branch circulations arises and increases with the increase of inclined angle. The flow pattern of the circulation under larger inclined angle (45∼90°) condition is also studied by CFD model. At large inclined angle the circulation is mainly happens in one circuit. Also based on this model, the influences of flow resistance distribution and loop configuration on natural circulation are predicted. The numerical results show that to design the loop with the configuration of big altitude difference and small width are favorable to confine the influence of inclination; however too small loop width will cause sever reduction of circulation ability in large angle inclination.
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Arab, R., Z. Toktabolat, M. E. Anderson, and M. M. Nasef. "Realtime Open Hole Modeling of Equivalent Circulating Density Using High Frequency Pressure Sensors Across the Drillstring to Maximize Horizontal Drilling Capability." In International Petroleum Technology Conference. IPTC, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-24340-ea.

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Abstract Wired drill pipe (WDP) telemetry that transmits downhole data at 57,600 bits per second has been successful in various applications throughout the world. This paper discusses how monitoring annular pressures at multiple locations along the drillstring helped manage wellbore stability, mitigate risks observed on offset wells, and allow the well to be drilled to total depth (TD). Annular pressure is a direct function of the sum of the frictional forces within a circulating system. These forces primarily depend on external factors including mud density, flow pattern, mud rheology, rate of penetration (ROP) (and resultant cuttings load), hole cleaning, and effective circulating area. Hole overloading often causes excessive equivalent circulation densities (ECD) in horizontal sections due to poor cuttings transport and/or penetration rates at which flow rates cannot remove the drilled cuttings effectively. With traditional methods, ECD is only available from the logging while drilling (LWD) tool in the bottomhole assembly (BHA). Along-string measurement (ASM) tools that provide three-axis vibrations, rotation, temperature, and bore/annular pressure measurements, coupled with the WDP's high-speed real-time network, allows to deliver an accurate understanding of actual annular pressure at different locations in the wellbore. Multiple annular pressure measurements enabled a clearer understanding of hole loading at different locations along the wellbore and the effective cuttings transport and wellbore geometry. Bottoms up circulations in the intermediate section could have reduced circulation times when ECDs stayed low and little ECD reduction was observed. However, additional circulations were carried out when high ECDs were observed to ensure optimal hole cleaning and prevent loss circulation. In the horizontal sections of offset wells, drilling to planned section TD was not achieved due to loss circulation caused by higher ECDs, or hole instability that caused drilling troubles such as stuck pipe. WDP enabled the view of ECDs in an intuitive manner throughout the horizontal section and at the shoe to ensure ECD limits were not exceeded. A scalable equivalent fluid density (EFD) heat map viewer that shows the ECDs throughout the entire drillstring was deployed. True static densities can also be observed because pumping is not required to pulse sensor information to the surface. The viewer greatly enhances the intuitive understanding of the pressures and provides insight into how high weight sweeps affect the wellbore as they travel down the pipe ID and up the annulus.
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Leung, Yiu-Wing. "Lightpath Concentration by Circulation." In 2019 IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications (ISCC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iscc47284.2019.8969614.

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Bracher, Shane, and Padmanabhan Krishnan. "Implementing secure document circulation." In the 2008 ACM symposium. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1363686.1364026.

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Talley, Lynne D., Rana Fine, Rick Lumpkin, Nikolai Maximenko, and Rosemary Morrow. "Surface Ventilation and Circulation." In OceanObs'09: Sustained Ocean Observations and Information for Society. European Space Agency, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.5270/oceanobs09.pp.38.

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Zhang, Diping. "Empirical study on China's circulation industrial energy consumption and circulation economy growth." In 2011 International Conference on Business Management and Electronic Information (BMEI). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbmei.2011.5917828.

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Reports on the topic "Circulation"

1

Niiler, Peter. Upper Ocean Circulation. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada330409.

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Hickey, Barbara. Astoria Canyon Circulation Analysis. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada279639.

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Garzoli, Silvia L. Arlindo Circulation:A Study of the Indonesian Sea's Circulation and Mixing. The IES Component. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada627982.

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Delk, Tracey. Numerical Modeling of Slopewater Circulation. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada375720.

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Whitehead, John A. Laboratory Models of Ocean Circulation. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada326697.

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Svendsen, Ib A., and Robert A. Dalrymple. Nearshore Circulation on Variable Bathymetry. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada628346.

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Brink, Kenneth H. Topographic Influences on Shelf Circulation. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada628745.

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Brink, Kenneth H. Topographic Influences on Shelf Circulation. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada339419.

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Dalrymple, Robert A., and Nobuhisa Kobayashi. Nearshore Wave and Circulation Modelling. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada344193.

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Shore, Jennifer, and Thomas Lippmann. Assimilating Data into a Circulation Model. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada441243.

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