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Journal articles on the topic 'Circulation coronaire'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 13 February 2022

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1

Vicaut, E., O. Stücker, M. Duruble, and M. Duvelleroy. "Hématocrite et circulation coronaire : données expérimentales." Annales Françaises d'Anesthésie et de Réanimation 5, no. 3 (January 1986): 213–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0750-7658(86)80145-9.

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2

Ménestret, P., E. Bernoud, T. Langanay, J. P. Verhoye, A. Leguerrier, and C. Ecoffey. "Circulation extracorporelle contre cœur battant en chirurgie coronaire de l'adulte." ITBM-RBM 23 (October 2002): 32–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1297-9562(02)80042-0.

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3

Lehot, J. J., M. Lefevre, T. Phan, O. Bastien, C. Diab, and O. Jegaden. "Que faut-il attendre de la chirurgie coronaire sans circulation extracorporelle ?" Annales Françaises d'Anesthésie et de Réanimation 23, no. 11 (November 2004): 1063–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annfar.2004.08.009.

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4

Abdenour, L., R. Souktani, C. Devilliers, S. Mouren, and P. Coriat. "Effets de l'eltanolone sur les performances myocardiques et la circulation coronaire." Annales Françaises d'Anesthésie et de Réanimation 15, no. 6 (January 1996): 775. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0750-7658(96)84330-9.

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5

Warin Fresse, K., J. Isnard, A. Bammert, P. Guérin, and D. Crochet. "Relation anneau mitral-circulation coronaire par scanner multibarrette avant annuloplastie percutanee dans l’insuffisance mitrale." Journal de Radiologie 88, no. 10 (October 2007): 1392. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0221-0363(07)81146-2.

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6

Meyer, C., F. Gattaz, O. Chavanon, M. C. Gherardi, R. Hacini, M. Durand, D. Blin, and P. Girardet. "Intérêt du Voluven® lors de la chirurgie coronaire sans circulation extracorporelle : résultats préliminaires." ITBM-RBM 23 (October 2002): 67–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1297-9562(02)80048-1.

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Guenoun, T., I. Philip, S. Triki, E. Samain, J. Marty, D. Henzel, and J. M. Desmonts. "évolution des taux Plasmatiques D’endothéline au cours de la Chirurgie Coronaire avec Circulation Extra-Corporelle Normothermique." Annales Françaises d'Anesthésie et de Réanimation 12, no. 12 (1993): R117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0750-7658(16)30117-4.

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8

Warin-Fresse, K., J. Isnard, P. Guérin, J. M. N’Guyen, A. Bammert, and D. C. Crochet. "Étude de la relation entre l’anneau mitral et la circulation coronaire dans l’insuffisance mitrale par scanner cardiaque : implications dans l’annuloplastie mitrale percutanée." Journal de Radiologie 90, no. 6 (June 2009): 725–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0221-0363(09)74727-4.

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9

Bendjaballah, Soumaya, Redha Lakehal, Farid Aimer, Rabeh Bouharagua, and Abdelmalek Bouzid. "Single auricle associated with a superior left vena cava, an abnormality of the systemic venous return. A case report." Batna Journal of Medical Sciences (BJMS) 4, no. 2 (December 31, 2017): 174–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.48087/bjmscr.2017.4212.

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Introduction : L’oreillette unique est une cardiopathie congénitale rare. Le traitement est la chirurgie. Son pronostic est bon après chirurgie. Le but de ce travail est de rapporter un cas d’oreillette unique. Observation : Nous rapportons l’observation d’une jeune femme âgée de 17 ans issue d’un mariage non consanguin sans antécédents, présentant depuis quelques mois une dyspnée d’aggravation progressive. L’examen physique avait révélé un souffle latérosternal de 5/6. La radiographie pulmonaire mettait en évidence une hyper vascularisation pulmonaire et un ICT à 0,60. Echocardiographie : oreillette unique, insuffisance tricuspide grade II, FE : 45 %, PAPS : 63 mm hg. Exploration per-opératoire : veine cave supérieure gauche se jetant dans un sinus coronaire dilaté de topographie anormale et oreillette unique par absence complète du septum interauriculaire. Elle a bénéficié de la fermeture de la communication inter auriculaire par un patch péricardique autologue sous circulation extracorporelle. Les suites post opératoires étaient simples. Conclusion : L’oreillette unique est une variété rare de communications inter-auriculaires caractérisée par l’absence du septum inter-auriculaire. Elle peut être isolée ou associée à d’autres cardiopathies congénitales.

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10

Prabhu, A., D. I. Sujatha, N. Kanagarajan, M. A. Vijayalakshmi, and Benjamin Ninan. "Intérêt de la N-Acétylcystéine pour atténuer les lésions d'ischémie reperfusion chez les patients ayant un pontage aorto-coronaire sous circulation extra corporelle." Annales de Chirurgie Vasculaire 23, no. 5 (September 2009): 700–707. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.acvfr.2010.03.006.

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11

Singh, Seema, Syed Tahseen Raza, Nitin Ranjan Gupta, and Janhvi Verma. "ROLE OF miRNAs IN CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE: A MINI REVIEW." Era's Journal of Medical Research 7, no. 2 (December 2020): 217–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.24041/ejmr2020.36.

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While coronary artery disease (CAD) has become a major threat worldwide, early diagnosis of CAD, based on timely biomarkers, remains a major unmet clinical challenge. Micro-RNAs (miRNAs) play a pivotal role in development of the cardiovascularsystem while they are associated with multiple cardiovascular diseases. Several cardiac miRNAs (circulating miRNAs) are observable in circulation and function as biomarkers for CVDs diagnosis and therapy. C-miRNAs display various critical features as biomarkers although their distribution is incredibly stable in circulation; their expression is tissue-/diseasespecific and can be easily identified using sequence-specific amplification methods. Such circulating-miRNAs features are useful in designing non-invasive assays to track the development of CVDs. Given substantial success in serum and plasma identification of c-miRNAs. There are several conflicting studies on the alterations of circulating miRNAs concentration in circulation system. Measurements of microRNA (miRNA, miR) in patients with coronary heart disease are impeded by the confoundingeffects of medication commonly used in cardiovascularpatients.

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12

Roth, C., J. Latrabe, D. Breith, M. C. Saux, and G. Janvier. "Etude Pharmacocinetique Et Pharmacodynamique Du Sufentanil Administre A Dose Reduite En Debit Continu Au Cours De La Chirurgie Du Pontage Coronaire Sous Circulation Extra Corporelle (CEC)." Annales Françaises d'Anesthésie et de Réanimation 14 (January 1995): R150. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0750-7658(05)81184-0.

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13

Beaussier, M., R. Souktani, S. Mouren, E. Vicaut, M. Arthaud, L. Massias, and P. Viars. "Effets De l'Halothane, De l'Isoflurane Et Du Desflurane Sur Les Performances Myocardiques Et La Circulation Coronaire. Etude Sur Un Modèle De Coeur Isolé De Lapin Perfusé Au Sang." Annales Françaises d'Anesthésie et de Réanimation 14 (January 1995): R227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0750-7658(05)81261-4.

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14

Tune, Johnathan D. "Coronary Circulation." Colloquium Series on Integrated Systems Physiology: From Molecule to Function 6, no. 3 (July 21, 2014): 1–189. http://dx.doi.org/10.4199/c00111ed1v01y201406isp054.

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15

Green, David, and Peter Hutton. "Coronary circulation." Current Anaesthesia & Critical Care 10, no. 2 (April 1999): 70–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0953-7112(99)90004-2.

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16

Einav, S. "Coronary circulation." Journal of Biomechanics 39 (January 2006): S298. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9290(06)84157-6.

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17

Ballal, Paritosh, Sabarinath Menon, Sarvana Babu, Baiju S. Dharan, Molli Kiran, Sudip Dutta Baruah, Sowmya V. Ramanan, and Jayakumar Karunakaran. "Pulmonary Atresia with Ventricular Septal Defect: Rare Presentation with Coronary-to-Pulmonary Artery Collaterals from Both Right and Left Coronaries." World Journal for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Surgery 11, no. 4 (March 27, 2019): NP226—NP228. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2150135118825158.

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Pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect and coronary-dependent pulmonary circulation arising from both major coronary arteries is rare. Dependence of pulmonary blood flow on the coronaries and the risk of early development of pulmonary vascular obstructive disease warrant early surgical repair in these patients. We report a case of a ten-month-old infant with pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect and coronary artery-to-main pulmonary artery connections who was successfully managed with ligation of the coronary fistulas and intracardiac repair.

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18

Gkaliagkousi, Eugenia, Eleni Gavriilaki, Ioannis Vasileiadis, Barbara Nikolaidou, Efthalia Yiannaki, Antonios Lazaridis, Areti Triantafyllou, et al. "Endothelial Microvesicles Circulating in Peripheral and Coronary Circulation Are Associated With Central Blood Pressure in Coronary Artery Disease." American Journal of Hypertension 32, no. 12 (July 27, 2019): 1199–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajh/hpz116.

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Abstract BACKGROUND Endothelial microvesicles (EMVs) have emerged as markers of endothelial injury. However, little is known about their levels in the coronary circulation of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and stable coronary artery disease (CAD). We hypothesized that ACS patients exhibit a more pronounced increase of EMVs both in the peripheral and coronary circulation when compared with CAD. We also investigated possible associations of EMVs with markers preclinical target organ damage. METHODS We enrolled consecutive eligible patients undergoing coronary angiography. Blood samples were collected from the stem of the left coronary artery and the femoral artery. ΕMVs were measured by a standardized flow cytometry protocol. Central systolic blood pressure (cSBP) was measured invasively and patients’ history was recorded. RESULTS CAD patients exhibited increased levels of EMVs compared with controls. When patients with ACS and stable CAD were compared, the former had significantly increased EMVs in both coronary and peripheral circulation. Importantly, both ACS and CAD patients exhibited increased levels of EMVs in the coronary circulation compared with periphery. In addition, EMVs were associated with cSBP. CONCLUSIONS EMVs emerge as novel markers of ongoing underlying vascular damage, further augmenting the vicious cycle of inflammation and thrombosis mainly in ACS but also in stable CAD.

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19

Rimar, S., and C. N. Gillis. "Differential uptake of endothelin-1 by the coronary and pulmonary circulations." Journal of Applied Physiology 73, no. 2 (August 1, 1992): 557–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1992.73.2.557.

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Substantial removal of the vasoconstrictor peptide endothelin-1 (ET-1) by the pulmonary circulation has been reported to occur in perfused guinea pig and rat lungs. We examined the uptake of ET-1 by coronary and pulmonary circulations of the rabbit by measuring single-pass extraction of ET-1 in the isolated heart and lung. In separate experiments, each organ was perfused at 30 ml/min with Krebs-albumin (3%) solution. A bolus of 125I-ET-1 and [14C]dextran in 0.3 ml Krebs-albumin solution was injected, and extraction of endothelin (EET), relative to that of an intravascular reference indicator, [14C]dextran, was determined by multiple indicator-dilution technique. EET was 5 +/- 2% (SE) in the heart and 49 +/- 4% in the lung. Increasing flow rate in the lung preparation to approximate the mean transit time in the heart preparation did not significantly alter EET. Despite insignificant uptake of ET-1, the coronary circulation extracted an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (351A) and metabolized a synthetic angiotensin-converting enzyme substrate (benzoyl-phenyl-alanyl-proline), both properties of the normal pulmonary circulation. We therefore conclude that there is no significant ET-1 uptake in the coronary vascular bed.

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20

Huang, Maozhi, Jianping Zheng, Ziguo Chen, Chaoqun You, and Qilei Huang. "The Relationship Between Circulating Neuregulin-1 and Coronary Collateral Circulation in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease." International Heart Journal 61, no. 1 (January 31, 2020): 115–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1536/ihj.19-277.

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21

Mates, Robert E. "The Coronary Circulation." Journal of Biomechanical Engineering 115, no. 4B (November 1, 1993): 558–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2895540.

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Dramatic advances have been made in the last two decades in the diagnosis and treatment of coronary artery disease. The development of open heart surgical techniques for bypassing occluded arteries made quantitative diagnostic techniques more important. Computer enhanced angiographic methods, together with measurements using tomography, ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging have greatly improved the precision of the diagnosis. A more complete understanding of coronary mechanics and control has enabled physicians to better interpret the significance of geometric information and to supplement this information with functional assessment of stenosed arteries. Finally, traditional bypass surgery is now supplemented with closed-chest techniques such as balloon angioplasty. Biomedical engineers have been involved in all of these developments. This paper will review these developments and attempt to identify remaining questions.

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22

Pellinen, T. J., K. S. Virtanen, L. Toivonen, J. Heikkilä, P. Hekali, and M. H. Frick. "Coronary Collateral Circulation." Clinical Cardiology 14, no. 2 (February 1991): 111–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/clc.4960140206.

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23

Crass, M. F., C. L. Jayaseelan, and T. C. Darter. "Effects of parathyroid hormone on blood flow in different regional circulations." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 253, no. 4 (October 1, 1987): R634—R639. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1987.253.4.r634.

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Parathyroid hormone and, in particular, its 1-34 aminoterminal fragment, PTH-(1-34), are potent vasodilators of the coronary circulation. In addition the hormone exerts a powerful hypotensive effect in a variety of animals, suggesting that the polypeptide hormone is vasoactive in peripheral regional circulations as well. The purpose of this study was to determine the regional circulations that were responsive and the relative sensitivity of each to the vasoactive properties of the hormone fragment. An anesthetized instrumented open-chest and/or open-abdomen dog model was used. Blood flow was continuously monitored in left circumflex, left pulmonary, right renal, celiac, and superior mesenteric arteries. Doses of synthetic human PTH-(1-34) ranging from 0.00024 to 0.24 nmol/kg were administered by bolus intra-arterial injections. Although PTH-(1-34) produced a dose-related vasodilation in each of the above regional vascular beds, marked differences in sensitivity were observed. The peptide elicited large increases in coronary (178%) and celiac (162%) blood flow. Maximal renal and pulmonary responses were relatively small (increases of 30 and 23%, respectively). Compared with control values, blood flow in the superior mesenteric circulation increased only at the highest dose tested. Thus sensitivity to the vascular effects of the hormone fragment differs markedly between the regional vascular beds of the dog.

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Hannawi, Bashar, Yousef Hannawi, and Neal Kleiman. "Reticulated Platelets: Changing Focus from Basics to Outcomes." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 118, no. 09 (August 13, 2018): 1517–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1667338.

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AbstractPlatelets play an essential role in the pathophysiology of atherothrombosis. Reticulated platelets (RPs) are the youngest platelet population in the circulation; their presence is an indicator of platelet turnover. Circulating levels of RPs are increased in patients with coronary artery disease and stroke. Preliminary indications are that the proportion of circulating RP is associated with the likelihood of ischaemic events such as acute coronary syndrome and stroke. Plausible mechanisms include: (1) increased participation of these platelets in thrombosis due to messenger ribonucleic acid that may be translated to active proteins, (2) lack of exposure to anti-platelet drugs since they are newly released from the bone marrow or (3) their presence is a non-specific marker of inflammation. In this state-of-the-art review, we discuss the implication of RP in coronary artery disease and in hypo-responsiveness to the most commonly used anti-platelet drugs.

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Hasanović, Aida, Fuad Šišić, Faruk Dilberović, and Fehim Ovčina. "Collateral Circulation in Human Heart." Bosnian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences 5, no. 2 (May 20, 2008): 87–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.17305/bjbms.2005.3295.

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The aim of the investigations was to demonstrate different types of collaterals of coronary arteries using the method of coronary angiography and injection-corrosion method. The investigations were carried out on 30 human cadaveric hearts from the Department of Anatomy, and 30 angiograms of patients from the Cardiology Department of Clinics Centre in Sarajevo. Clinical investigations were retrospective and prospective on patients that were treated in hospital, and on patients that just arrived in hospital (based on findings of coronary angiohra-phy). The results show the existence of different types of collaterals: intercoronary and intra-coronary. We established collaterals in a case with occlusion of the right coronary artery and left coronary artery in which better development of collaterals was established. Our patients were classified in two groups:1) Patients with good collaterals and good left ventricular function;2) Patients with good collaterals and impaired left ventricular function. On the anatomical material we found different types of collaterals as well.Our results show that coronanary angiography is useful diagnostic method for the demonstration of coronary collaterals.The collaterals of human coronary arteries have always attracted the attention of anatomists, pathologists, surgeons, as well as experts in many clinical disciplines. The occurrence of coronary diseases has increased recently so much that it stimulates researchers to become acquainted with collaterals of coronary arteries. Its real significance is expressive in cases with occlusion or stenosis of coronary arteries -angina, myocardial infarction, congenital cardiovascular malformations etc. (1,2,3,4,5). Therefore, the aim of the investigations was to demonstrate different types of collaterals of the coronary arteries in normal condition and the conditions of coronary disease using the method of coronary angiography and injection corrosion method. On the other side, these investigations are important because of contrast opinions that are given in literature concerning coronary arteries collaterals. According to some authors collaterals exist and they are functional (6,7,8,9,10). The others think that collaterals exist, but that they are insufficient for collateral circulation and only develop in pathological conditions (11). Ishemia changes of the heart, variations of coronary arteries and the collaterals have been studied by many authors: Hadžiselimović, Werner, Pohl, Seiler, Kamenica, Šišić, Rockostroh, Rapps, Holmvang, Billinger, Meier and others.

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KAJIYA, FUMIHIKO, OSAMU HIRAMATSU, MASAMI GOTO, and YASUO OGASAWARA. "MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CORONARY CIRCULATION." Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology 01, no. 02 (October 2001): 67–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219519401000179.

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The phase opposition of velocity waveforms between coronary arteries (predominantly diastolic) and veins (systolic) is the most prominent characteristic of coronary hemodynamics. The phase opposition indicates the importance of intramyocardial capacitance vessels, as a determinant of phasic coronary arterial and venous flows. To investigate the functional characteristics of the intramyocardial capacitance vessels and its physiological significance, we analyzed the change in venous flow following changes in coronary arterial inflow. It was shown that during diastole the intramyocardial capacitance vessels have two functional components, unstressed volume and ordinary capacitance. Unstressed volume is defined as the volume of blood in a vessel at zero transmural pressure, and it was ~5% of the volume of the myocardium. The systolic coronary venous outflow showed a significant, positive correlation with the total displaceable blood volume stored in the intramyocardial unstressed volume and ordinary capacitance. When the unstressed volume was saturated, the coronary inflow was decreased significantly, compared with that for the unsaturated condition. Thus, the increase in intramyocardial blood volume decreases the coronary arterial inflow, whereas it enhances coronary venous outflow. The latter is an interesting analogy to the Starling's law of the heart.

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Misaka, Tomofumi, Satoshi Suzuki, Nobuo Sakamoto, Takayoshi Yamaki, Koichi Sugimoto, Hiroyuki Kunii, Kazuhiko Nakazato, et al. "Significance of Soluble Lectin-Like Oxidized LDL Receptor-1 Levels in Systemic and Coronary Circulation in Acute Coronary Syndrome." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/649185.

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Background.Soluble lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1) level is a novel biomarker for diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome (ACS); however, this level in the coronary circulation has yet to be examined.Methods.Twenty-seven consecutive patients with ACS and 40 patients with effort angina pectoris (EAP) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) had levels of soluble LOX-1 and LOX-1 index measured in paired blood samples from aorta (Ao) and coronary sinus (CS) just prior to the PCI.Results.We found positive correlations between soluble LOX-1 levels in the Ao and CS in both ACS and EAP patients (P<0.01, for both). The soluble LOX-1 levels in the Ao and CS were higher in ACS than in EAP patients (P<0.01, for both). The levels of soluble LOX-1 and LOX-1 index of the CS were significantly greater than those of the Ao in both ACS and EAP patients (P<0.01, for both). Receiver operating characteristic curves for ACS detection demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity for the soluble LOX-1 and LOX-1 index with no differences between the Ao and CS.Conclusions.The present study showed that circulating soluble LOX-1 originates from coronary circulation and soluble LOX-1 and LOX-1 index are useful biomarkers for ACS.

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deMarchi, Stefano F., Christian Gassmann, Tobias Traupe, Steffen Gloekler, Stéphane Cook, Rolf Vogel, Kurt Gysi, and Christian Seiler. "Coronary wave intensity patterns in stable coronary artery disease: influence of stenosis severity and collateral circulation." Open Heart 6, no. 2 (October 2019): e000999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/openhrt-2018-000999.

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ObjectiveWave intensity analysis is a method that allows separating pulse waves into components generated proximally and in the periphery of arterial trees, as well as characterising them as accelerating or decelerating. The early diastolic suction wave (eaDSW) is one of the most prominent wave events in the coronaries. The aim of this study was to determine whether (1) microvascular dilatation directly influences its energy, (2) stenosis severity can be assessed proximal to stenoses, (3) distal pulse wave entrapment exists in the presence of stenoses and (4) coronary collaterals influence wave entrapment.MethodsIn 43 coronary artery disease patients, Doppler flow velocity and pressure measurements were performed in a proximal coronary segment at rest, in a distal segment at rest, during adenosine-induced hyperaemia and during balloon occlusion. Wave energies were calculated as the area under the wave intensity curves.ResultsThe eaDSW energy showed a significant increase during hyperaemia, but did not differ between proximal and distal segments. There was no significant correlation between eaDSW energy and coronary stenosis severity. Pulse wave entrapment could not be observed consistently in the distal segments. Consequently, the effect of coronary collaterals on pulse wave entrapment could not be studied.ConclusionsMicrovascular dilation in the coronary circulation increases distal eaDSW energy. However, it does not show any diagnostically useful variation between measurement sites, various stenosis degrees and amount of collateral flow. The assessment eaDSW and its reflections were not useful for the quantification of coronary stenosis severity or the collateral circulation in clinical practice.

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Neglia, D., G. Ferrari, F. Bernini, M. Micalizzi, A. L’Abbate, M. G. Trivella, and C. De Lazzari. "Computer Simulation of Coronary Flow Waveforms during Caval Occlusion." Methods of Information in Medicine 48, no. 02 (2009): 113–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3414/me0539.

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Summary Objectives: Mathematical modeling of the cardiovascular system is a powerful tool to extract physiologically relevant information from multi-parametric experiments. The purpose of the present work was to reproduce by means of a computer simulator, systemic and coronary measurements obtained by in vivo experiments in the pig. Methods: We monitored in anesthetized open-chest pig the phasic blood flow of the left descending coronary artery, aortic pressure, left ventricular pressure and volume. Data were acquired before, during, and after caval occlusion.Inside the software simulator (CARDIOSIM©) of the cardiovascular system, coronary circulation was modeled in three parallel branching sections. Both systemic and pulmonary circulations were simulated using a lumped parameter mathematical model. Variable elastance model reproduced Starling’s law of the heart. Results: Different left ventricular pressure-volume loops during experimental caval occlusion and simulated cardiac loops are presented. The sequence of coronary flow-aortic pressure loops obtained in vivo during caval occlusion together with the simulated loops reproduced by the software simulator are reported. Finally experimental and simulated instantaneous coronary blood flow waveforms are shown. Conclusions: The lumped parameter model of the coronary circulation, together with the cardiovascular system model, is capable of reproducing the changes during caval occlusion, with the profound shape deformation of the flow signal observed during the in vivo experiment. In perspectives, the results of the present model could offer new tool for studying the role of the different determinants of myocardial perfusion, by using the coronary loop shape as a “sensor” of ventricular mechanics in various physiological and pathophysiological conditions.

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Huang, Lan, Dongming Hou, Meredith A. Thompson, Sarah E. Baysden, W. Christopher Shelley, David A. Ingram, Keith L. March, and Mervin C. Yoder. "Acute Myocardial Infarction in Swine Rapidly and Selectively Releases Highly Proliferative Endothelial Colony Forming Cells (ECFCs) into Circulation." Cell Transplantation 16, no. 9 (October 2007): 887–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3727/096368907783338181.

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We have recently identified endothelial colony forming cells (ECFCs) in human blood and blood vessels, and ECFC are elevated in patients with coronary artery disease. Because pigs are a favored model for studying myocardial ischemia, we questioned whether ECFCs also exist in swine and whether myocardial ischemia would alter the number of ECFC in circulation. ECFCs were present in circulating blood and aortic endothelium of healthy pigs. In pigs with an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) (n = 9), the number of circulating ECFC was markedly increased compared to sham control pigs (15 ± 6 vs. 1 ± 1 colonies/100 cc blood, p < 0.05). Moreover, the percentage of circulating high proliferative potential ECFCs (HPP-ECFCs) was significantly increased following AMI induction compared to sham control (38.4 ± 5.8% vs. 0.4 ± 0.4%, p < 0. 05) and to baseline (38.4 ± 5.8% vs. 2.4 ± 2.4%, p < 0. 05) blood samples. This is the first study to report that ECFCs are present in blood and aorta in healthy pigs and that the number and distribution of circulating ECFCs is altered following AMI. Because circulating ECFC are also altered in human subjects with severe coronary artery disease, the pig model of AMI may be an excellent preclinical model to test the role of ECFC in the pathophysiology of AMI.

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31

Altman, John D., and Robert J. Bache. "The Coronary Collateral Circulation." ACC Current Journal Review 6, no. 1 (January 1997): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1062-1458(96)00128-6.

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32

Vapaatalo, H. "Prostaglandins and Coronary Circulation." Acta Medica Scandinavica 217, S694 (April 24, 2009): 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0954-6820.1985.tb08799.x.

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33

Hall, Richard I., and Emerson A. Moffitt. "Monitoring the Coronary Circulation." Anesthesiology Clinics of North America 6, no. 4 (December 1988): 839–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0889-8537(21)00248-0.

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Laughlin, M. Harold, Douglas K. Bowles, and Dirk J. Duncker. "The coronary circulation in exercise training." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 302, no. 1 (January 2012): H10—H23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00574.2011.

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Exercise training (EX) induces increases in coronary transport capacity through adaptations in the coronary microcirculation including increased arteriolar diameters and/or densities and changes in the vasomotor reactivity of coronary resistance arteries. In large animals, EX increases capillary exchange capacity through angiogenesis of new capillaries at a rate matched to EX-induced cardiac hypertrophy so that capillary density remains normal. However, after EX coronary capillary exchange area is greater (i.e., capillary permeability surface area product is greater) at any given blood flow because of altered coronary vascular resistance and matching of exchange surface area and blood flow distribution. The improved coronary capillary blood flow distribution appears to be the result of structural changes in the coronary tree and alterations in vasoreactivity of coronary resistance arteries. EX also alters vasomotor reactivity of conduit coronary arteries in that after EX, α-adrenergic receptor responsiveness is blunted. Of interest, α- and β-adrenergic tone appears to be maintained in the coronary microcirculation in the presence of lower circulating catecholamine levels because of increased receptor responsiveness to adrenergic stimulation. EX also alters other vasomotor control processes of coronary resistance vessels. For example, coronary arterioles exhibit increased myogenic tone after EX, likely because of a calcium-dependent PKC signaling-mediated alteration in voltage-gated calcium channel activity in response to stretch. Conversely, EX augments endothelium-dependent vasodilation throughout the coronary arteriolar network and in the conduit arteries in coronary artery disease (CAD). The enhanced endothelium-dependent dilation appears to result from increased nitric oxide bioavailability because of changes in nitric oxide synthase expression/activity and decreased oxidant stress. EX also decreases extravascular compressive forces in the myocardium at rest and at comparable levels of exercise, mainly because of decreases in heart rate and duration of systole. EX does not stimulate growth of coronary collateral vessels in the normal heart. However, if exercise produces ischemia, which would be absent or minimal under resting conditions, there is evidence that collateral growth can be enhanced. While there is evidence that EX can decrease the progression of atherosclerotic lesions or even induce the regression of atherosclerotic lesions in humans, the evidence of this is not strong due to the fact that most prospective trials conducted to date have included other lifestyle changes and treatment strategies by necessity. The literature from large animal models of CAD also presents a cloudy picture concerning whether EX can induce the regression of or slow the progression of atherosclerotic lesions. Thus, while evidence from research using humans with CAD and animal models of CAD indicates that EX increases endothelium-dependent dilation throughout the coronary vascular tree, evidence that EX reverses or slows the progression of lesion development in CAD is not conclusive at this time. This suggests that the beneficial effects of EX in CAD may not be the result of direct effects on the coronary artery wall. If this suggestion is true, it is important to determine the mechanisms involved in these beneficial effects.

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Kroll, K., and D. W. Stepp. "Adenosine kinetics in canine coronary circulation." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 270, no. 4 (April 1, 1996): H1469—H1483. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1996.270.4.h1469.

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Adenosine kinetics in the coronary circulation were investigated in anesthetized closed-chest dogs by analysis of multiple-indicator dilution experiments. During simultaneous intracoronary bolus injections of 125I-labeled albumin, [14C]sucrose, and [3H]adenosine, dilution curves were measured by automated sampling of coronary venous blood, using high-performance liquid chromatography and isotope detection techniques. Under control conditions, only 1% of the injected [3H]adenosine was detected in coronary venous samples, compared with the reference tracer, [14C]sucrose, and the peak of the adenosine dilution curve preceded those of the reference tracers by 2-4 s. Optimized model fits to the control adenosine curves required the combination of high ratios of the capillary endothelial cell membrane permeability-surface area product to flow (5.3) and endothelial cell consumption capacity to flow (23), in addition to a broad heterogeneity of flow. Dilution curves were measured under control conditions and during increased coronary flow (nitroglycerin), inhibition of the enzyme adenosine kinase (iodotubercidin), and blockade of membrane adenosine transport (dipyridamole). Reliability of the parameter estimates was confirmed using residual analysis, sensitivity function analysis, and Monte Carlo simulation techniques. Accuracy of the model was confirmed in separate experiments in which nontracer adenosine was infused into the coronary artery and the model prediction of coronary venous adenosine concentrations was compared with measured values. Using published measurements of coronary blood flow and arterial and coronary venous plasma adenosine concentrations in open-chest dogs, the estimated in vivo interstitial adenosine concentration is 100-220 nM.

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Celebi, Savas, Ozlem Ozcan Celebi, Berkten Berkalp, Sinan Aydogdu, and Basri Amasyali. "Blood Group Types O and Non-O Are Associated With Coronary Collateral Circulation Development." Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis 26 (January 1, 2020): 107602961990054. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1076029619900544.

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Blood group types are associated with coronary artery disease. However, data are scarce about the impact of blood group types on coronary collateral circulation. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between the blood group types and coronary collateral circulation. Two hundred and twelve patients who underwent coronary angiography in our department and had a stenosis of ≥ 90% in at least one major epicardial vessel were included in our study. Collateral degree was graded according to Rentrop-Cohen classification. After grading, patients were divided into poor coronary collateral circulation (Rentrop grade 0 and 1) and good coronary collateral circulation (Rentrop 2 and 3) groups. The ABO blood type of all participants was determined. The incidence rates of O blood group type were significantly higher in the good coronary collateral group compared to the poor collateral group (37.9% vs 17.1%, P < .001). The O type blood group was an independent predictor of good coronary collateral circulation (odds ratio = 1.83, 95% confidence interval = 1.56-6.18, P = .015). Coronary collateral circulation is associated with blood group types. The O blood group predicts good coronary collateral development among patients with coronary artery disease.

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Fox, G. A., C. J. Lam, W. B. Darragh, A. M. Neal, K. J. Inman, F. S. Rutledge, and W. J. Sibbald. "Circulatory sequelae of administering CPAP in hyperdynamic sepsis are time dependent." Journal of Applied Physiology 81, no. 2 (August 1, 1996): 976–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1996.81.2.976.

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Evidence questions the circulation's ability to acutely compensate for abrupt changes in O2 delivery (Qo2). Because both sepsis and continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) may alter the metabolic regulation of tissue oxygenation, we designed an experiment to determine the interaction, if any, between sepsis and time on circulatory homeostasis after the application of CPAP. Twenty-four sheep were randomized to cecal ligation and perforation (CLP) or sham procedure (Sham) and then rerandomized to receive either CPAP (10 mmHg) or no CPAP (No CPAP; CLP/CPAP, n = 8; CLP/No CPAP, n = 8; Sham/CPAP, n = 4; Sham/No CPAP, n = 4). Forty-eight hours later, CLP animals demonstrated an elevated cardiac index (+63%), systemic Qo2 (+49%), and systemic O2 uptake (+28%). Organ blood flow, measured with radiolabeled microspheres, was augmented to the heart and depressed in organs comprising the splanchnic circulation. Compared with the CLP/No CPAP group and both Sham groups, myocardial Qo2 in the CLP/ CPAP group was significantly elevated when measured both 2 and 8 h after CPAP. These changes were unrelated to differences in mean heart work between the study groups. Simultaneously, QO2 to all of the small gut, large gut, pancreas, and kidney in the CLP/CPAP group was elevated during the 2-h study yet reverted to levels not different from baseline by the 8-h study. These data demonstrate 1) a unique sepsis x time interaction with the use of 10 mmHg of CPAP, particularly in the "nonvital" circulations, and 2) CPAP effects on the septic coronary circulation, which were unexplained by changes in external determinants of myocardial O2 need.

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Palmer, Barry R., Melinda A. Paterson, Chris M. Frampton, Anna P. Pilbrow, Lorraine Skelton, Chris J. Pemberton, Robert N. Doughty, et al. "Vascular endothelial growth factor-A promoter polymorphisms, circulating VEGF-A and survival in acute coronary syndromes." PLOS ONE 16, no. 7 (July 14, 2021): e0254206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254206.

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Background Development of a competent collateral circulation in established coronary artery disease is cardio-protective. The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) system plays a key role in this process. We investigated the prognostic performance of circulating VEGF-A and three genetic variants in the VEGFA gene in a clinical coronary cohort. Methods and results The Coronary Disease Cohort Study (CDCS) recruited 2,140 patients, with a diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), after admission to Christchurch or Auckland City Hospitals between July 2002 and January 2009. We present data for 1927 patients from the cohort genotyped for three SNPs in the VEGF-A gene, rs699947 (C-2578A), rs2010963 (C405G) and rs3025039 (C936T). Plasma VEGF-A concentrations were assayed in a subgroup (n = 550) of CDCS patients (geometric mean 36.6 [34.7–38.5] pg/ml). VEGF-A levels correlated with patient heart rate at baseline (p = 0.034). None of rs699947, rs3025039, nor rs2010963 genotypes were significantly associated with VEGF-A levels, but rs3025039 genotype was positively associated with collateral vessels perfusion according to the Rentrop classification (p = 0.01) and baseline natriuretic peptide levels (p<0.05). Survival in the CDCS cohort was independently associated with baseline VEGF-A levels and (in males) with rs699947 genotype. Conclusions This study is strongly suggestive that VEGF-A levels have value as a prognostic biomarker in coronary heart disease patients and SNPs in VEGF-A deserve further investigation as prognostic markers and indicators of angiogenic potential influencing the formation of collateral circulation.

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Zorzi, Alessandro, Giovanbattista Isabella, Umberto Cucchini, Giuseppe Tarantini, Sabino Iliceto, and Claudio Bilato. "Collateral coronary circulation in acute coronary syndrome." Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine 12, no. 11 (November 2011): 811–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2459/jcm.0b013e32834be34c.

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40

Farrell, A. P. "Coronary flow in a perfused rainbow trout heart." Journal of Experimental Biology 129, no. 1 (May 1, 1987): 107–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.129.1.107.

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A preparation was developed to perfuse the coronary circulation in working hearts from rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson). The preparation was used to examine pressure-flow relationships for the coronary circulation as the heart generated physiological and subphysiological work loads. Coronary vascular resistance increased exponentially as coronary flow rate decreased. Coronary resistance was also influenced by cardiac metabolism and acclimation temperature. When heart rate was increased, extravascular compression increased in coronary resistance. Direct vasoconstriction of the coronary vessels, produced by injections of adrenaline into the coronary circulation, was temperature-dependent.

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41

Khan, Faisel, Dean Patterson, Jill J. F. Belch, Kumiko Hirata, and Chim C. Lang. "Relationship between peripheral and coronary function using laser Doppler imaging and transthoracic echocardiography." Clinical Science 115, no. 9 (October 1, 2008): 295–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs20070431.

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Vascular dysfunction in the coronary and peripheral circulations is an early prognostic marker of future cardiovascular events. Measurements of coronary and peripheral vascular function in resistance vessels can be made, but rely on invasive procedures, which make them unsuitable for routine application. An assessment of the direct correlation between vascular responses in skin and coronary vessels has not been made previously. In 27 normal healthy subjects (18–55 years of age), we examined the relationship between peripheral and coronary vascular function. Cutaneous perfusion was measured using the non-invasive technique of laser Doppler imaging during iontophoresis of acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside, and cutaneous vascular conductance was calculated (laser Doppler perfusion/mean arterial pressure). Coronary flow reserve was measured using transthoracic echocardiography during intravenous adenosine infusion. Mean diastolic velocities were measured at baseline and peak hyperaemic conditions from the Doppler signal recordings. CVR (coronary velocity reserve) was defined as the ratio of hyperaemic to basal mean diastolic velocities. There were significant positive correlations between CVR and cutaneous vascular conductance for acetylcholine (r=0.399, P=0.039) and sodium nitroprusside (r=0.446, P=0.020). These results support the idea that peripheral measurements of skin blood flow are representative of generalized microvascular function including that of the coronary circulation in normal healthy subjects.

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42

Liu, Yanping, and David D. Gutterman. "The coronary circulation in diabetes:." Vascular Pharmacology 38, no. 1 (January 2002): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1537-1891(02)00125-8.

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43

Schaper, W. "Heterogeneity in the Coronary Circulation." Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology 7 (1985): S31—S35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005344-198500073-00004.

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44

Marcus, Melvin L. "Symposium on the coronary circulation." Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases 29, no. 4 (January 1987): 291. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0033-0620(87)80004-x.

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45

Dole, William P. "Autoregulation of the coronary circulation." Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases 29, no. 4 (January 1987): 293–323. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0033-0620(87)80005-1.

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Lake, Carol L. "Autoregulation of the coronary circulation." Journal of Cardiothoracic Anesthesia 1, no. 4 (August 1987): 366. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0888-6296(87)80053-4.

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FENECK, R. O., S. M. UNDERWOOD, and R. K. WALESBY. "Isradipine and the coronary circulation." Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica 37 (September 1993): 38–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-6576.1993.tb03823.x.

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48

Harrison, David G., Charles B. Treasure, Andreas Mügge, Kevin C. Dellsperger, and Kathryn G. Lamping. "Hypertension and the Coronary Circulation." American Journal of Hypertension 4, no. 7_Pt_2 (July 1991): 454S—459S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajh/4.7.454s.

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Gregg, Donald E. "PHYSIOLOGY OF THE CORONARY CIRCULATION." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 90, no. 1 (December 15, 2006): 145–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1960.tb32628.x.

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Gosselin, R. E., and S. M. Kaplow. "Venous waterfalls in coronary circulation." Journal of Theoretical Biology 149, no. 2 (March 1991): 265–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-5193(05)80281-4.

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