Academic literature on the topic 'Citations – Informatique'
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Journal articles on the topic "Citations – Informatique"
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CHANG, CHIA-LIN, and MICHAEL MCALEER. "JUST HOW GOOD ARE THE TOP THREE JOURNALS IN FINANCE? AN ASSESSMENT BASED ON QUANTITY AND QUALITY CITATIONS." Annals of Financial Economics 09, no. 01 (June 2014): 1450005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010495214500055.
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The paper is concerned with ranking academic journal quality and research impact in Finance, based on the widely-used Thomson Reuters ISI (2013) Web of Science citations database (hereafter ISI). The paper analyses the 89 leading international journals in the ISI category of "Business–Finance" using quantifiable Research Assessment Measures (RAMs). The analysis highlights the similarities and differences in various RAMs, all of which are based on alternative transformations of journal citations and impact. Alternative RAMs may be calculated annually or updated daily to determine the citations frequency of published papers that are cited in journals listed in ISI. The RAMs include the classic 2-year impact factor including journal self citations (2YIF), 2-year impact factor excluding journal self citations (2YIF*), 5-year impact factor including journal self citations (5YIF), Immediacy including journal self citations, Eigenfactor (or Journal Influence), Article Influence (AI), h-index, Papers Ignored-By Even The Authors (PI-BETA), Self-citation Threshold Approval Rating (STAR), 5YD2 (namely, 5YIF divided by 2YIF), Escalating Self Citations (ESC) and Index of Citation Quality (ICQ). The paper calculates the harmonic mean (HM) of the ranks of up to 16 RAMs. It is shown that emphasizing 2YIF to the exclusion of other informative RAMs can lead to a misleading evaluation of journal quality and impact relative to the HM of the ranks. The analysis of the 89 ISI journals in Finance makes it clear that there are three leading journals in Finance, namely Journal of Finance, Journal of Financial Economics and Review of Financial Studies, which form an exclusive club in terms of the RAMs that measure journal quality and impact based on alternative measures of journal citations. The next two journals in Finance in terms of overall quality and impact are Journal of Accounting and Economics and Journal of Monetary Economics. As Accounting does not have a separate classification in ISI, the tables of rankings given in the paper are also used to rank the top 3 journals in the sub-category of Accounting in the ISI category of "Business – Finance", namely Journal of Accounting and Economics, Accounting Review, and Journal of Accounting Research.
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Nascimento, Gyzelle P. V., Daniel C. Moreira, and Alexis F. Welker. "Relative prolixity in journals with different citation impact values: an evidence-based scientific writing assessment." F1000Research 8 (July 25, 2019): 1188. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.20015.1.
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Background: Scientific writing guidelines recommend that a scientific text should be straightforward, without prolixity, and informative, without obscurity. However, the extent to which researchers follow these recommendations is unknown. Considering that the most cited journals provide more detailed instructions for authors, we aimed to investigate the degree of relative prolixity (i.e., length versus amount of information) among journals with different citation impact scores. Methods: We analyzed journals whose articles follow the classic Introduction, Method, Results, and Discussion structure, written in English and with a CiteScore value ≥ 0.01 classified in the ‘Pharmaceutical Science’ area. Relative prolixity was calculated as the ratio between the number of characters and the number of citations contained in the introductory section of original articles. Additionally, we collected the number of paragraphs and words. Results: The number of characters, words and citations in the Introduction section were significantly higher in the journals with higher CiteScore values. The median number of paragraphs in the Introduction was not affected by the citation impact of the journals. The degree of relative prolixity in the Introduction section of the articles was negatively correlated with the CiteScore values. Conclusions: Articles published in journals with higher CiteScore values have lower degrees of relative prolixity (i.e., shorter texts to transmit a certain amount of information) and obscurity.
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CHANG, CHIA-LIN, and MICHAEL MCALEER. "WHAT DO EXPERTS KNOW ABOUT FORECASTING JOURNAL QUALITY? A COMPARISON WITH ISI RESEARCH IMPACT IN FINANCE." Annals of Financial Economics 08, no. 01 (June 2013): 1350005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s201049521350005x.
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Experts possess knowledge and information that are not publicly available. The paper is concerned with forecasting academic journal quality and research impact using a survey of international experts from a national project on ranking academic finance journals in Taiwan. A comparison is made with publicly available bibliometric data, namely the Thomson Reuters ISI Web of Science citations database (hereafter ISI) for the Business–Finance (hereafter Finance) category. The paper analyses the leading international journals in Finance using expert scores and quantifiable Research Assessment Measures (RAMs), and highlights the similarities and differences in the expert scores and alternative RAMs, where the RAMs are based on alternative transformations of citations taken from the ISI database. Alternative RAMs may be calculated annually or updated daily to answer the perennial questions as to When, Where and How (frequently) published papers are cited (see Chang et al., 2011a,b,c). The RAMs include the most widely used RAM, namely the classic 2-year impact factor including journal self citations (2YIF), 2-year impact factor excluding journal self citations (2YIF*), 5-year impact factor including journal self citations (5YIF), Immediacy (or zero-year impact factor (0YIF)), Eigenfactor, Article Influence, C3PO (Citation Performance per Paper Online), h-index, PI-BETA (Papers Ignored — By even the Authors), 2-year Self-citation Threshold Approval Ratings (2Y-STAR), Historical Self-citation Threshold Approval Ratings (H-STAR), Impact Factor Inflation (IFI), and Cited Article Influence (CAI). As data are not available for 5YIF, Article Influence and CAI for 13 of the leading 34 journals considered, 10 RAMs are analysed for 21 highly-cited journals in Finance. The harmonic mean of the ranks of the 10 RAMs for the 34 highly-cited journals are also presented. It is shown that emphasizing the 2-year impact factor of a journal, which partly answers the question as to When published papers are cited, to the exclusion of other informative RAMs, which answer Where and How (frequently) published papers are cited, can lead to a distorted evaluation of journal impact and influence relative to the Harmonic Mean rankings. A linear regression model is used to forecast expert scores on the basis of RAMs that capture journal impact, journal policy, the number of high quality papers, and quantitative information about a journal. The robustness of the rankings is also analyzed.
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Guffey, Daryl M., and Nancy L. Harp. "Ranking Faculties, Ph.D. Programs, Individual Scholars, and Influential Articles in Accounting Information Systems Based on Citations to Publications in the Journal of Information Systems." Journal of Information Systems 28, no. 1 (December 1, 2013): 111–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/isys-50695.
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ABSTRACT This paper ranks systems faculties, accounting doctoral programs, individual accounting systems researchers, and the most influential accounting systems articles based on Google Scholar citations to publications in the Journal of Information Systems (JIS). All articles published in JIS for its first 25 years of existence are included and four citation metrics are used. Information is presented over three time periods (1986–1993, 1994–2001, and 2002–2010) to provide additional insights on changes over time. The study also analyzes the content and research methods of “most cited” articles and describes trends in the types of systems research that have had the greatest impact. Findings suggest that JIS's impact has consistently improved over time. The H-index for JIS also suggests that the journal compares favorably among its peers. A correlation analysis between the four citation metrics and the number of articles published in JIS provides evidence that counting articles published is a reasonable proxy for the influence or significance of authors. Potential doctoral students with an interest in accounting information systems, new Ph.D.s with an interest in accounting information systems, current accounting information systems faculty, department chairs, deans, and other administrators will find these results informative.
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Lei, Xintu, and Qingyuan Xu. "NEW TRENDS AND TOPIC CHANGES OF JBEM 2007–2019: A BIBLIOMETRIC REVIEW." Journal of Business Economics and Management 22, no. 3 (February 18, 2021): 557–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/jbem.2021.13885.
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The Journal of Business Economics and Management (JBEM) has been very active in the field of economics and management science and brought many influential outputs in the last decades. This paper investigated the current status of publications and citations from JBEM and explored the hot topics and new trends represented by most used keywords extracted from the published articles from 2007 to 2019. The data were analyzed and mapped with respect to the most cited literature, most prolific authors, and publication records categorized by authors, institutions and countries. The analysis revealed that papers published each year by the JBEM is relatively stable and published papers has an expected citation number 7.68 times. The difference in frequency of keywords in different stages give us informative clue for future studies. The emerging topics include “SMEs” “Information” “framework” “perspective”, hence the likely focus of JBEM to consider submission of papers centered on these topics, the comparison of keywords between JBEM and Hot Papers & Highly Cited Papers was made as well. Some new trends, for example, information science combining with management science are new hot topics.
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Vrat, Prem. "Assessment of research impact through citation analysis: a new approach." Journal of Advances in Management Research 17, no. 1 (October 4, 2019): 160–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jamr-06-2019-0102.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to reveal the limitations of h-index in assessing research performance through citation analysis and suggest two new indexes called prime index (P-index) and value added index (V-index), which are simpler to compute than g-index and more informative. For more serious research performance evaluation, analytic hierarchy process (AHP) methodology is proposed. Design/methodology/approach The methodology adopted is to compare existing indexes for citation-based research assessment and identify their limitations, particularly the h-index, which is most commonly employed. It gives advantages of g-index over h-index and then proposes P-index which is simpler to compute than g-index but is more powerful in information content than g-index. Another V-index is proposed on a similar philosophy as P-index by considering total number of citations/author. For serious evaluation of finite candidates for awards/recognitions, a seven-criteria-based AHP is proposed. All new approaches have been illustrated by drawing raw data from Google scholar-powered website H-POP. Findings This paper demonstrates over-hype about use of h-index over g-index. However, it shows that newly proposed P-index is much simpler in computation than g but better than g-index. V-index is a quick way to ascertain the value added by a research scientist in multiple-authored research papers. P-index gives a value 3–4 percent higher than g and it is holistic index as it uses complete data of citations. AHP is a very powerful multi-criteria approach and it also shows g-index to be a more important factor, whereas h-index is the least important but frequently used approach. It is hoped that the findings of this paper will help in rectifying the misplaced emphasis on h-index alone. Research limitations/implications The research focus has been to suggest new faster, better methods of research assessment. However, a detailed comparison of all existing approaches with the new approaches will call for testing these over a large number of data sets. Its limitation is that it has tested the approaches on 5 academics for illustrating AHP and 20 researchers for comparing new indexes with some of the existing indexes. All existing indexes are also not covered. Practical implications The outcomes of this research may have major practical applications for research assessment of academics/researchers and rectify the imbalance in assessment by reducing over-hype on h-index. For more serious evaluation of research performance of academics, the seven-criteria AHP approach will be more comprehensive and holistic in comparison with a single criterion citation metric. One hopes that the findings of this paper will receive much attention/debate. Social implications Research assessment based on proposed approaches is likely to lead to greater satisfaction among those evaluated and higher confidence in the evaluation criteria. Originality/value P- and V-indexes are original. Application of AHP for multi-criteria assessment of research through citation analysis is also a new idea.
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Guo, Feng, Chao Ma, Qingling Shi, and Qingqing Zong. "Succinct effect or informative effect: the relationship between title length and the number of citations." Scientometrics 116, no. 3 (June 26, 2018): 1531–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11192-018-2805-8.
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Wang, Binglu, Yi Bu, and Win-bin Huang. "Document- and Keyword-based Author Co-citation Analysis." Data and Information Management 2, no. 2 (August 14, 2018): 70–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/dim-2018-0009.
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AbstractIn the field of scientometrics, the principal purpose for author co-citation analysis (ACA) is to map knowledge domains by quantifying the relationship between co-cited author pairs. However, traditional ACA has been criticized since its input is insufficiently informative by simply counting authors’ co-citation frequencies. To address this issue, this paper introduces a new method that reconstructs the raw co-citation matrices by regarding document unit counts and keywords of references, named as Document- and Keyword-Based Author Co-Citation Analysis (DKACA). Based on the traditional ACA, DKACA counted co-citation pairs by document units instead of authors from the global network perspective. Moreover, by incorporating the information of keywords from cited papers, DKACA captured their semantic similarity between co-cited papers. In the method validation part, we implemented network visualization and MDS measurement to evaluate the effectiveness of DKACA. Results suggest that the proposed DKACA method not only reveals more insights that are previously unknown but also improves the performance and accuracy of knowledge domain mapping, representing a new basis for further studies.
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Yu, Weidong. "Using author tri-citation analysis to map knowledge domains in knowledge representations." Electronic Library 35, no. 6 (November 6, 2017): 1215–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/el-11-2016-0240.
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Purpose Previous commonly used author co-citation analysis (ACA) methods have limited the ability to deal with accidental co-citation in constructing a raw co-citation matrix. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to propose a new method, called author tri-citation analysis (ATA), to better map knowledge domains and depict scientific intellectual structures. Design/methodology/approach Different from the previous method of using ACA that captures author co-citation relationships, the ATA method seeks tri-citation relationships among authors. Compared with ACA, ATA can ignore some accidental co-citation relationships between authors and can improve the accuracy of mapping knowledge domains. Findings Although ATA does not mine more sub-fields than ACA does, the results of the empirical studies show that ATA, the newly proposed method, performs better in knowledge domain maps based on publications in the field of computer science. Research limitations/implications The definition of ATA in this article is simple and still insufficiently informative. Many other pieces of information can be involved; for example, all authors’ information, authors’ sequence in the author list, reference published time and similar. These can be enhanced in future studies. Practical implications This research will enrich the methods of mapping knowledge domains due to its new perspective. Social implications Knowledge domain mapping is important to understand a discipline, and this research provides more potential methods for this, which benefits the performance of the maps. Originality/value ATA can provide a methodological awareness for mapping knowledge domains. This value lies in not only a tri-citation perspective, but also author bibliographic tripling and author tri-operation perspectives (“tri-” perspectives).
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Lee, Ryan P., Raymond Xu, Pooja Dave, Sonia Ajmera, Jock C. Lillard, David Wallace, Austin Broussard, et al. "Taking the next step in publication productivity analysis in pediatric neurosurgery." Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics 21, no. 6 (June 2018): 655–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2018.1.peds17535.
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OBJECTIVEThere has been an increasing interest in the quantitative analysis of publishing within the field of neurosurgery at the individual, group, and institutional levels. The authors present an updated analysis of accredited pediatric neurosurgery training programs.METHODSAll 28 Accreditation Council for Pediatric Neurosurgery Fellowship programs were contacted for the names of pediatric neurosurgeons who were present each year from 2011 through 2015. Faculty names were queried in Scopus for publications and citations during this time period. The 5-year institutional Hirsch index [ih(5)-index] and revised 5-year institutional h-index [ir(5)-index] were calculated to rank programs. Each publication was reviewed to determine authorship value, tier of research, clinical versus basic science research, subject matter, and whether it was pediatrics-specific. A unique 3-tier article classification system was introduced to stratify clinical articles by quality and complexity, with tier 3 being the lowest tier of publication (e.g., case reports) and tier 1 being the highest (e.g., randomized controlled trials).RESULTSAmong 2060 unique publications, 1378 (67%) were pediatrics-specific. The pediatrics-specific articles had a mean of 15.2 citations per publication (median 6), whereas the non–pediatrics-specific articles had a mean of 23.0 citations per publication (median 8; p < 0.0001). For the 46% of papers that had a pediatric neurosurgeon as first or last author, the mean number of citations per publication was 12.1 (median 5.0) compared with 22.5 (median 8.0) for those in which a pediatric neurosurgeon was a middle author (p < 0.0001). Seventy-nine percent of articles were clinical research and 21% were basic science or translational research; however, basic science and translational articles had a mean of 36.9 citations per publication (median 15) compared with 12.6 for clinical publications (median 5.0; p < 0.0001). Among clinical articles, tier 1 papers had a mean of 15.0 citations per publication (median 8.0), tier 2 papers had a mean of 18.7 (median 8.0), and tier 3 papers had a mean of 7.8 (median 3.0). Neuro-oncology papers received the highest number of citations per publication (mean 25.7). The most common journal was the Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics (20%). MD/PhD faculty members had significantly more citations per publication than MD faculty members (mean 26.7 vs 14.0; p < 0.0001) and also a higher number of publications per author (mean 38.6 vs 20.8). The median ih(5)- and ir(5)-indices per program were 14 (range 5–48) and 10 (range 5.6–37.2), respectively. The mean ir(5)/ih(5)-index ratio was 0.8. The top 5 fellowship programs (in descending order) as ranked by the ih(5)-index corrected for number of faculty members were The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto; Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh; University of California, San Francisco Benioff Children’s Hospital; Seattle Children’s Hospital; and St. Louis Children’s Hospital.CONCLUSIONSAbout two-thirds of publications authored by pediatric neurosurgeons are pediatrics-specific, although non–pediatrics-specific articles averaged more citations. Most of the articles authored by pediatric neurosurgeons are clinical, with basic and translational articles averaging more citations. Neurosurgeons with PhD degrees averaged more total publications and more citations per publication. In all, this is the most advanced and informative analysis of publication productivity in pediatric neurosurgery to date.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Citations – Informatique"
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Mourad, Ghassan. "Analyse informatique des signes typographiques pour la segmentation de textes et l'extraction automatique de citations : réalisation des applications informatiques : SegATex et CitaRE." Paris 4, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA040100.
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Ce travail s'inscrit dans le cadre d'un projet mené au sein de l'équipe LaLIC (Langage, Logique, Informatique et Cognition). Il est opérationnel d'un point de vue informatique et a pour objectif de définir le besoin en terme de segmentation de texte, et d'interprétation sémantique de marqueurs typographiques, pour le filtrage d'information. Il a abouti à la réalisation de deux applications SegATex et CitaRE. Nous avons défini les valeurs des signes de ponctuation, et nous nous sommes intéressé à l'étude historique de la ponctuation en particulier à l'origine de la forme graphique de la virgule et son éventuelle relation avec une autre particule (le waw) dans la langue arabe. L'application SegATex (Segmentation Automatique de Textes) est destinée en tant que module informatique à préparer (baliser) le texte pour un traitement automatique de langue. Parmi ces traitements, figurent la segmentation de textes en sections, sous-sections, paragraphes, phrases, titres et énumérations. La troisième partie de cette thèse traite de " l'extraction automatique de la citation " qui a abouti à la réalisation du système CitaRE (Citation : Repérage et Extraction). Afin de répondre aux besoins de filtrage et d'extraction de connaissances (la citation), nous avons adopté la méthode d'exploration contextuelleThe present work comes within the scope of a project carried out by the LaLIC research team (Langage, Logique, Informatique et Cognition). From a computer perspective this work is of an operational value and it aims at defining the requirements in terms of text segmentation and semantic interpretation of typographic marks for filtering information. The final outcome of this work are the SegATex and CitaRE applications. We proceeded in defining the value of punctuation marks and followed with a historical study of punctuation. We took special interest in the origins of the graphical form of the comma and its eventual relation with the waw, a particle in Arabic language. The SegATex application (Automatic Segmentation of Texts), as a computer module, is intended to prepare (to tag) a text for an automatic language processing which includes text segmentation in sections, sub sections, paragraphs, sentences, titles and enumeration. In the third part of the thesis we treat the "automatic extraction of quotations". The outcome of this part is the CitaRE system (Citation : Repérage et Extraction). We have followed the method of contextual exploration in order to comply with the requirements for filtering and extracting knowledge (the quotation)
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Alrahabi, Al Moatasem. "Excom‑2 : plateforme d’annotation automatique de catégories sémantiques : conception, modélisation et réalisation informatique : applications à la catégorisation des citations en arabe et en français." Thesis, Paris 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA040005.
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Nous proposons une plateforme d’annotation sémantique, appelée « EXCOM-2 ». Basée sur la méthode de l’ « Exploration Contextuelle », elle permet, à travers une diversité de langues, de procéder à des annotations automatiques de segments textuels par l'analyse des formes de surface dans leur contexte. Les textes sont traités selon des « points de vue » discursifs dont les valeurs sont organisées dans une « carte sémantique ». L’annotation se base sur un ensemble de règles linguistiques, écrites par un analyste, qui permettent d’identifier les représentations textuelles sous-jacentes aux différentes catégories de la carte. Le système offre, à travers deux types d’interfaces (développeur ou utilisateur), une chaîne de traitements automatiques de textes qui comprend la segmentation, l’annotation et d’autres fonctionnalités de post-traitement. Les documents annotés peuvent être utilisés, par exemple, pour des systèmes de recherche d’information, de veille, de classification ou de résumé automatique. Comme exemple d'application, nous proposons un système d'identification et de catégorisation automatiques du discours rapporté en arabe et en françaisWe propose a platform for semantic annotation, called “EXCOM-2”. Based on the “Contextual Exploration” method, it enables, across a great range of languages, to perform automatic annotations of textual segments by analyzing surface forms in their context. Texts are approached through discursive “points of view”, of which values are organized into a “semantic map”. The annotation is based on a set of linguistic rules, manually constructed by an analyst, and that enables to automatically identify the textual representations underlying the different semantic categories of the map. The system provides through two sorts of user-friendly interfaces (analyst or end-user) a complete pipeline of automatic text processing which consists of segmentation, annotation and other post-processing functionalities. Annotated documents can be used, for instance, for information retrieval systems, classification or automatic summarization. As example, we propose an analysis of the linguistic markers of the enunciative modalities in direct reported speech, in a multilingual framework concerning Arabic and French
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Abrouk, Lylia. "Annotation de documents par le contexte de citation basée sur une ontologie." Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00142568.
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Cette thèse présente une approche et des outils pour l'annotation de documents en se basant sur des ontologies. Dans notre contexte, ceci se traduit par des documents annotés par un ensemble de concepts clés issus de l'ontologie du domaine. Nous traitons le problème de l'annotation en développant une approche basée sur la relation de citation. Cette relation constitue la base d'une méthode pour affiner la propagation des annotations entre les documents. L'approche est indépendante du contenu et utilise un regroupement thématique des références construit à partir d'une classification floue non-supervisée. L'annotation étant basée sur l'utilisation d'ontologies, nous avons également abordé le problème de l'enrichissement de l'ontologie afin de pouvoir prendre en compte les différentes évolutions des documents et affiner la phase d'annotation. Un outil, nommé RAS, Reference Annotation System, a été développé et des expérimentations ont été réalisées en utilisant la base Citeseer.
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Malenfant, Bruno. "Utilisation des citations pour le résumé automatique de la contribution d'articles scientifiques." Thèse, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/20492.
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Paré, Éric. "La demi-vie des jugements." Thèse, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/2385.
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Il est reconnu, en droit, qu'un juge est fondé de s'appuyer sur les règles
jurisprudentielles. En fait, il peut s'y appuyer et doit même s'y conformer: ces règles qui
sont définies dans des décisions font autorité. Il doit respecter la règle du précédent et
rester sur la décision (« stare decisis »).
Selon cette conception, la jurisprudence s'accumule au fil du temps: de plus en
plus de décisions peuvent être citées à l'appui d'un point de droit. Mais en pratique, le
résultat est différent. La jurisprudence citée change. Le droit évolue. Et les jugements,
un jour importants, finissent par être oubliés. Éventuellement, ils sont remplacés par la
jurisprudence plus jeune.
Dans ce mémoire, une approche jurimétrique est utilisée pour évaluer le rythme
auquel le droit évolue. C'est-à-dire que des calculs statistiques sont effectués à l'aide de
programmes informatiques afin de comparer, d'un échantillon à un autre, le rythme
auquel le droit change. De façon générale, ils permettent de comptabiliser l'âge des
citations dans les jugements et établissent des moyennes. Ils permettent d'établir l'âge de
demi-vie des jugements et offrent, ainsi, une mesure du rythme auquel le droit évolue.It is widely known, in law, that a judge uses mIes established in precedents for argumentation. In fact, he relies on it and has to respect the mIes that are already defined : case law materials are authoritative. He is to respect precedent law and stay on the decision (« stare decisis »). According to this conception, the available case law collection grows through time : more and more decisions can be cited to interpret a particular point of law. But reality shows a different picture. The case law that gets cited changes. Law evolves. And the judgments that were once important are, eventually, forgotten. In the end, they are replaced by recent developpements. In this thesis, jurimetrics is used to evaluate the rythm to which law evolves. Statistics are computed by using automated software in order to compare, from one sample to another, the rythm to which cited decisions change. Software is used to compute the age of citations in judgments and establish averages. It is thus possible to evaluate the half-life of case law judgments and, therefore, provide with an idea of the rythm to which law evolves.
"Mémoire présenté à la Faculté des études supérieures en vue de l'obtention du grade de maîtrise en droit option Droit des technologies de l'information"
Books on the topic "Citations – Informatique"
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Li, Xia. Electronic style: A guide to citing electronic information. 2nd ed. Westport, CT: Mecklermedia, 1996.
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Nancy, Crane, ed. Electronic style: A guide to citing electronic information. Westport: Meckler, 1993.
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W, Taylor Todd, ed. The Columbia guide to online style. New York: Columbia University Press, 1998.
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Battin, Patricia, and Brian L. Hawkin, eds. The Mirage of Continuity: Reconfiguring Academic Information Resources for the 21st Century. Washington, DC, USA: Council on Library and Information Resources, 1998.
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The mirage of continuity: Reconfiguring academic information resources for the 21st century. Washington, D.C: Council on Library and Information Resources, 1998.
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Council on Library and Information Resources (Corporate Author), Association of American Universities (Corporate Author), Brian L. Hawkins (Editor), and Patricia Battin (Editor), eds. The Mirage of Continuity: Reconfiguring Academic Information Resources for the 21st Century. Council on Library & Information Resources, 1998.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Citations – Informatique"
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Kovacevic, Ana, and Vladan Devedzic. "Duplicate Journal Title Detection in References." In Handbook of Research on Digital Libraries, 235–42. IGI Global, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59904-879-6.ch023.
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Our research efforts are oriented towards applying text mining techniques in order to help librarians make more informative decisions when selecting learning resources to be included in the library’s offer. The proper selection of learning resources to be included in the library’s offer is one of the key factors determining the overall usefulness of the library. Our task was to match abbreviated journal titles from citations with journals in existing digital libraries. The main problem is that for one journal there is often a number of different abbreviated forms in the citation report, hence the matching depends on the detection of duplicate records. We used character-based and token-based metrics together with a generated thesaurus for detecting duplicate records.
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Robinson, Marin S., Fredricka L. Stoller, Molly Constanza-Robinson, and James K. Jones. "Writing the Abstract and Title." In Write Like a Chemist. Oxford University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195367423.003.0013.
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This chapter addresses how to write abstracts and titles for journal articles. Both the abstract and title provide succinct, informative (not descriptive) summaries of the research. To this end, they are usually written in the final stages of the writing process. After completing this chapter, you should be able to do the following: ■ Write a concise and informative abstract ■ Write a concise and informative title As you work through the chapter, you will write an abstract and title for your own paper. The Writing on Your Own tasks throughout the chapter will guide you step by step as you do the following: 7A Read titles and abstracts 7B Prepare to write 7C Write your abstract 7D Write your title 7E Practice peer review 7F Fine-tune your abstract and title When compared to the Introduction, Methods, Results, and Discussion sections of a journal article, the title and abstract are quite short; the title usually has fewer than 20 words, and many journals limit the abstract to fewer than 200 words. Despite their brevity (and perhaps because of it), the title and abstract are the most widely read sections of the journal article and thus are viewed by many as the most important sections of the journal article. As you read the title and abstract in excerpt 7A, consider the following: a. Read the title. Which of the following are included: research topic, importance, gap statement, procedures, instrumentation, results, interpretations, citations, conclusions? b. The abstract contains six sentences (107 words). Briefly state the purpose of each sentence. Based on these purposes, propose a move structure for the abstract. c. Are there any sentences in the abstract that do not include science content? Explain. d. Based only on the title and abstract, who are the intended audiences for this article (including subdisciplines of chemistry)? Give reasons for your choices.
Conference papers on the topic "Citations – Informatique"
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Hakimova, Aida, and Michael Charnine. "Approaches to assessing the semantic similarity and future citation of publications by identifying informative terms with predictive properties." In International Conference "Computing for Physics and Technology - CPT2020". Bryansk State Technical University, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.30987/conferencearticle_5fce27739c83a3.40221725.
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The article discusses new approaches to assessing the semantic similarity of documents in a vector space, taking into account statistically significant and informative terms. Informative terms reflect the current state of research in a certain field of research. To select informative terms, an algorithm for calculating the impact factor of the term is proposed. It is shown that informative terms allow both to evaluate the semantic similarity of texts and to predict future citations. The developed methods for assessing the semantic similarity and future impact of scientific publications can be used in the framework of “Predictive optimization”, a modern technology that allows us to make decisions based on forecasts. In evaluating the activities of research and individual scientists, bibliometric indicators often play an important role. However, the use of citation-based indicators is problematic in determining the impact of recent publications. Usually, two years after the publication of most articles, they receive only a few links. The probability of future citation can be predicted using the proposed indicator - IFT.
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Zhang, Daokun, Jie Yin, Xingquan Zhu, and Chengqi Zhang. "User Profile Preserving Social Network Embedding." In Twenty-Sixth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2017/472.
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This paper addresses social network embedding, which aims to embed social network nodes, including user profile information, into a latent low-dimensional space. Most of the existing works on network embedding only consider network structure, but ignore user-generated content that could be potentially helpful in learning a better joint network representation. Different from rich node content in citation networks, user profile information in social networks is useful but noisy, sparse, and incomplete. To properly utilize this information, we propose a new algorithm called User Profile Preserving Social Network Embedding (UPP-SNE), which incorporates user profile with network structure to jointly learn a vector representation of a social network. The theme of UPP-SNE is to embed user profile information via a nonlinear mapping into a consistent subspace, where network structure is seamlessly encoded to jointly learn informative node representations. Extensive experiments on four real-world social networks show that compared to state-of-the-art baselines, our method learns better social network representations and achieves substantial performance gains in node classification and clustering tasks.
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Cheng, Dawei, Yi Tu, Zhenwei Ma, Zhibin Niu, and Liqing Zhang. "Risk Assessment for Networked-guarantee Loans Using High-order Graph Attention Representation." In Twenty-Eighth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-19}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2019/807.
Full textAbstract:
Assessing and predicting the default risk of networked-guarantee loans is critical for the commercial banks and financial regulatory authorities. The guarantee relationships between the loan companies are usually modeled as directed networks. Learning the informative low-dimensional representation of the networks is important for the default risk prediction of loan companies, even for the assessment of systematic financial risk level. In this paper, we propose a high-order graph attention representation method (HGAR) to learn the embedding of guarantee networks. Because this financial network is different from other complex networks, such as social, language, or citation networks, we set the binary roles of vertices and define high-order adjacent measures based on financial domain characteristics. We design objective functions in addition to a graph attention layer to capture the importance of nodes. We implement a productive learning strategy and prove that the complexity is near-linear with the number of edges, which could scale to large datasets. Extensive experiments demonstrate the superiority of our model over state-of-the-art method. We also evaluate the model in a real-world loan risk control system, and the results validate the effectiveness of our proposed approaches.