Academic literature on the topic 'Citing patent'

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Journal articles on the topic "Citing patent"

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Priyanka and Rupak Charkarvaty. "Measuring Patent-Citations of LIS Literature: An analytical study of the Journal Scientometrics." Library Philosophy and Practice (LPP), no. 5954 (July 2, 2021): 18. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5167355.

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Abstract The purpose of this study is to analyse the utility and application of Library and Information Science (LIS) research in patents representing innovations, inventions and new knowledge. With this research, we have tried to bridge a gap between LIS research and patents, which is unavailable till date in literature. To conduct the study, various patent search databases were used. Data in the form of DOIs were extracted from Scopus database for the journal Scientometrics and were processed and analysed in visualisation software and spreadsheet software. The findings reveals how industries filing patents derive valuable inputs from LIS research in terms of its utilization, recognition and acceptance. This research paper will enhance the understanding regarding LIS, what is its value in Research and Development (R&D). Normally, it is believed that only STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Medical) research is fruitful for patents and innovations. The study breaks the glass ceiling as it provides an evidence based approach to justify the LIS research does play a crucial role in growth, development and progress of the society through its existence and proven integration with the patents. The findings reveal that LIS research is influencing Patents as they are being cited regularly with the growth in this discipline.
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Wu, Jiangning, Shu Wang, and Donghua Pan. "Evaluation of Technological Influence Power of Enterprises Through the Enterprise Citation Network." International Journal of Knowledge and Systems Science 2, no. 1 (2011): 32–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jkss.2011010103.

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As an important source for discovering new competitive technological intelligence involved in enterprises, patents can be analyzed to identify the technological strategy and the potential competitors. Based on the patent citation information, the weighted and directed enterprise citation network is established. Based on the modified PageRank algorithm, a novel method is provided to evaluate the technological influence power of enterprises. Experiments with this method have been done using the patent dataset in the field of fluid-pressure and analogous brake systems during the 25-year period from 1975 to 1999 from the United States Patent and Trademark Office. Compared with the traditional assessment indicator based on the citation count method, the proposed method is more reasonable in identifying the technological influential enterprises, as it gives a comprehensive consideration of the amount of citing enterprises, the influence of citing enterprises and the citation strength between them. This study helps enterprises discover potential technological competitors, which take the lead in the industry.
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Huang, Yu Ying, Yi Kai Juan, and Yeng Horng Perng. "Using Patent Data to Explore Technology Trajectory and Trends of Shading Device." Advanced Materials Research 403-408 (November 2011): 3402–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.403-408.3402.

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Shading devices for buildings are able to resist thermal radiation and decrease air conditioning load, this study used shading devices for buildings as an example, and conducted a patent search in the United States Patent and Trademarks Office (USPTO). This study adopted bibliometric and social network analysis methods to portray the relation between citing and cited patents, to discover the patent main path, grasping the correlation between patent technologies and the overall industrial development. The purpose of this study was to construct patent citation networks, to trace the developmental context of key technologies and their diffusion. The results suggest that automated shading devices are the focus of current technological developments, contributing to rapid advancements and helping developers save time and costs.
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Li, Rui, Tamy Chambers, Ying Ding, Guo Zhang, and Liansheng Meng. "Patent citation analysis: Calculating science linkage based on citing motivation." Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology 65, no. 5 (2014): 1007–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/asi.23054.

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Niklewicz-Pijaczyńska, Małgorzata. "Diffusion of knowledge in the biotechnology sector." E3S Web of Conferences 44 (2018): 00125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184400125.

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The aim of the paper is to analyze the use of existing legally protected solutions an. publications made available through patent systems for the development of further biotechnological inventions. For its implementation, was conducted research based on the so-called patent citations of two kinds - to literature and previously published, other patents. For the needs of the paper, technical documentation of 88 patents in the resources of the Polish Patent Office and Espacenet was analyzed. The study includes 40 Polish biotechnology companies with significant innovation activity. The results of the conducted research allow to formulate two conclusions. First, the knowledge obtained from patent resources plays an important role in the innovation process of inventions in the biotechnology sector. Secondly, this knowledge is characterized by a high degree of internationalization, first of all are cited foreign inventions and source literature, domestic citations appear relatively rarely. Among observed references, citing American achievements plays a dominant role – this applies to both literature and inventions, which suggests that the US patent system is the main source of patent knowledge for Polish biotechnology companies.
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Filippi-Mazzola, Edoardo, Federica Bianchi, and Ernst C. Wit. "Drivers of the decrease of patent similarities from 1976 to 2021." PLOS ONE 18, no. 3 (2023): e0283247. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0283247.

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The citation network of patents citing prior art arises from the legal obligation of patent applicants to properly disclose their invention. One way to study the relationship between current patents and their antecedents is by analyzing the similarity between the textual elements of patents. Many patent similarity indicators have shown a constant decrease since the mid-70s. Although several explanations have been proposed, more comprehensive analyses of this phenomenon have been rare. In this paper, we use a computationally efficient measure of patent similarity scores that leverages state-of-the-art Natural Language Processing tools, to investigate potential drivers of this apparent similarity decrease. This is achieved by modeling patent similarity scores by means of generalized additive models. We found that non-linear modeling specifications are able to distinguish between distinct, temporally varying drivers of the patent similarity levels that explain more variation in the data (R2 ∼ 18%) compared to previous methods. Moreover, the model reveals an underlying trend in similarity scores that is fundamentally different from the one presented previously.
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Britto, Jorge Nogueira de Paiva, Leonardo Costa Ribeiro, and Eduardo da Motta e. Albuquerque. "International patent citations and its firm-led network." Estudos Econômicos (São Paulo) 51, no. 4 (2021): 699–732. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1980-53575143jle.

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Abstract This paper presents a database with USPTO patents for selected years between 1991 and 2009, totaling 1,022,490 patents, 786,780 patents with international citations and 4,064,995 cross-border citations - links in our analysis. We evaluate a network from those international links, with nodes that are institutions - patent assignees. The literature review organizes arguments for patent citations as knowledge flows and acknowledges problems such as differences between applicants and examiners citations - an exercise to deal with this problem is presented. This network has firms as the dominant institution. An inter-temporal analysis shows the network growth over time and the preservation of its scale-free structure, evidence of its resilience. Over time, this network evolves, changing the leading sectors in a matrix of interaction between citing and cited patents - indications of changes caused by the emergence of new sectors.
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Panda, Subhajit, Atasi Sinhababu, and Rupak Chakravarty. "Analysis of Global Published Literature on Library and Information Science: an Empirical Study through Big Data Approach (1920-2020)." Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal) 6778 (December 22, 2021): 1–20. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5931517.

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The purpose of this paper is to investigate the extent of LIS (Library and Information Science) literature referring to and being referred by patents in the form of scholarly citations they attribute and/or receive. The analysis of the present study was done based on a total data-set of 237820 research publications of the LIS discipline ranging from April 1920 to April 2020 (100 years) as mined from the LENS database. LIS research corpus received 22.75 scholarly citations and 6.87 patent citations per paper while utilizing and citing 18667 patents and thus establishing the correlation between the citing-cited link in the research ecosystem. In addition, this paper also evaluates the decadal Relative Growth Rate (RGR) and Doubling Time (D<sub>t</sub>) of LIS publications ranging from May 1920 to April 2020. The paper reflects the value of LIS research in patents and vice versa depicting the cross-disciplinary nature and decadal growth rate of LIS in general and information science in particular.
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Deng, Disha, and Tao Chen. "Prediction of University Patent Transfer Cycle Based on Random Survival Forest." Sustainability 15, no. 1 (2022): 218. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15010218.

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Taking the invention patents of the C9 League from 2002 to 2020 as samples, a random survival forest model is established to predict the dynamic time-point of patent transfer cycle. By ranking the variables based on importance, it is found that the countries citing, the non-patent citations and the backward citations have significant impacts on the patent transfer cycle. C-index, Brier score and integrated Brier score are used to measure the discrimination and calibration ability of the four different survival models respectively. It is found that the prediction accuracy of the random survival forest model is higher than that of the Cox proportional risk model, Cox model based on lasso penalty and random forest model. In addition, the survival function and cumulative risk function under the random survival forest are adopted to predict and analyze the individual university patent transfer cycle, which shows that the random survival forest model has good prediction performance and is able to help universities as well as enterprises to identify the patent transfer opportunities effectively, thereby shortening the patent transfer cycle and improving the patent transfer efficiency.
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Boasson, Vigdis, and Emil Boasson. "Firm value, spatial knowledge flow, and innovation: evidence from patent citations." China Finance Review International 5, no. 2 (2015): 132–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cfri-08-2014-0056.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of geographic location of research-intensive firms in the ability to generate new research and products, which consequently affects firm value. Design/methodology/approach – The authors conduct the empirical study following a three-step process. First, if pharmaceutical firms are more likely to cite the patents of other firms and other innovators that are nearby, as opposed to firms and other innovators that are far away, then location (i.e. close proximity) is likely important when it comes to the ability to learn and to use the knowledge being generated by other innovators. The authors employ a “geographic information systems” (GIS) and geo-code each pair of citing and cited patents. In addition, the authors utilize spatial statistics such as Moran’s I to analyze the spatial clustering pattern of patent citations and knowledge flows. Next, the authors measure the pharmaceutical companies’ ability to generate useful patents as a function of the amount of innovation and industrial activity that is occurring close to them. Finally, the authors test whether a firm’s location relates to its firm value. Specifically, the authors model firm value as a function of its patents quality, but the authors also allow the firm’s patents quality to be a function of its location and locational attributes. In this way, the authors establish a link between location and firm value. Using a simultaneous system of equations, the authors find that location explains patent quality, which, in turn, explains firm value. In other words, there is a positive relationship between firm value, innovation and location. Findings – In empirical tests using pharmaceutical firms and their patents, the authors first find that firms more often cite patents of other firms that are geographically closer to them than those firms that are farther away. The authors then find that a patent’s quality is a function of the firm’s near proximity to other knowledge-intensive institutions and activities. Finally, the authors find that because patent quality is a function of a firm’s geographic location, location consequently affects firm value. Research limitations/implications – For knowledge-intensive firms, geographic location matters. More specifically, the authors contend that research-intensive firms are better able to use and to expand on existing knowledge when they are closer to other research-intensive enterprises. The implication is that firm value maximization involves a location factor. Practical implications – The practical implication for investors is that investors should invest in those firms that are situated in a location that is rich in geographic innovation resources because those firms are more likely to generate more and higher quality patents or innovations. Originality/value – The study is the first to establish the linkage among spatial knowledge diffusion, geographic drivers of innovation, and market valuation of the firm. The study is unique in that the authors not only present evidence on spatial knowledge flows by geo-coding the exact longitude and latitude location coordinates of citing and cited patens, but more importantly, the authors also identify geographic drivers of innovation, and examine their impacts on citation-weighted patent counts and knowledge stock. Finally, using a series of simultaneous equations, the authors show how geographic innovation resources positively affect citation-weighted patent stock and knowledge stock and consequently affect market value of the firm. Thus, the novel approach contributes not only to the literature that measures geographic localization of knowledge flow using patent citations, but also to the literature that examines the impact of geographic sources of innovations on patent outputs and patent quality and, thus on firm value for research-intensive firms.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Citing patent"

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Biglu, Mohammad Hossein. "Scientometric study of patent literature in MEDLINE & SCI." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät I, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/15735.

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Die Studie wird in fünf Teile unterteilt: Das erste Kapitel beschäftigt sich mit Patentanmeldungen und geförderten Patenten im USPTO, WIPO, und EPO. In diesem Kapitel wird die Korrelation zwischen dem BIP und der länderspezifischen Patentanzahl analysiert. Das zweite Kapitel gibt einen Überblick über die Literatur über Patente in MEDLINE. In diesem Kapitel wird eine szientometrische Analyse durchgeführt, damit die Entwicklung der Patentliteratur in MEDLINE über den Zeitraum von 1965 bis 2005 quantitativ gemessen werden kann. Das dritte Kapitel befasst sich mit der Literatur über Patente im SCI. In diesem Kapitel werden alle Dokumente, die vom SCI über den Zeitraum 1965 bis 2005 als “Patents“ indexiert wurden, unter die Lupe genommen. Das vierte Kapitel analysiert die Patenten, die im SCI zitiert werden. Das fünfte Kapitel analysiert die Anzahl der Literaturhinweise (Referenzen) pro Veröffentlichung im SCI über den Zeitraum 1970-2005. In diesem Hinblick wurde eine Gesamtzahl von 10,000 Dokumenten pro Jahr ausgesucht sowie der Bedeutungswert von Nennungen pro Zeitschrift berechnet. Die Analyse der Daten ergab: Die USA sind das führende Land bezüglich der Erstellung und der Zulassung von Patenten, gleichermaßen gefolgt von Japan und Deutschland. Die Halbwertszeit der Zitierung von Patenten beträgt seit 1994 konstant 8,1 Jahre. Das ist eine 41% längere Zitierungsrate gegenüber den allgemeinen wissenschaftlichen Dokumenten im SCI. Es gibt eine lineare Korrelation zwischen der Zahl von Literaturhinweisen (Referenzen) in einem Journal, wie sie im SCI erfasst sind, und der Wahrscheinlichkeit zitiert zu werden. Die Anzahl der Literaturhinweise (Referenzen) pro Veröffentlichung zwischen 1970 und 2005 im SCI ist ständig angestiegen. Die Selbstzitation von Zeitschriften bei einer steigenden Zahl von Verweisen beeinflusst die Steigerung des Impact Factor im SCI. Die Leitartikelpolitik der Sprachen wurde in der MEDLINE und im SCI geändert.<br>This study is divided into five sections. The first section consists of patent applications and granted patents issued by USPTO, WIPO), and EPO. In this section the relationship between the GDP and country’s patent quantity is analysed. The second section analysis the patent literature in MEDLINE. In this section a scientometric analysis is performed to assess the quantitative trend of patent literature in MEDLINE throughout 1965-2005. The third section analysis the patent literature in the SCI. In this section all documents indexed as a topic of “patents” in the SCI throughout 1965-2005 are analysed. The fourth section analysis the citations to the patent documents indexed in the SCI, and illustrate the average number of cited references per paper for patent citing documents. The fifth section analysis the references per paper in the SCI through 1970-2005. The Analyses of data showed: The USA is the leading country filing and granting patents followed by Japan and Germany respectively. The half-life of citations to the patent-documents is 41% higher than the half-life of citations to the general scientific documents in the SCI. The number of references per paper from 1970 to 2005 has steadily increased. The rough constant percentage of self-citation of journals and the growing increase of references per paper led to the absolute growing number of self-citations and to the increase of the Impact Factor of the citing journals in the SCI. The editorial policy of languages is being changed in MEDLINE and in the SCI. The consideration of policy makers in these databases have been focused on the literature of science in English. There was a tendency in the last decades towards collaboration in scientific publishing with American authors that can be observed in the SCI with authors from different countries.
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Wear, Andrew. "High-tech hot spot or sleepy backwater? : innovation and the importance of networks /." Connect to thesis, 2008. http://repository.unimelb.edu.au/10187/5741.

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This paper draws on evidence from Victoria to examine why more innovation takes place in some areas than in others. In so doing, it explores the relationship between innovation and networks.<br>Despite a large number of recent government policy statements on innovation, there has been very little attention paid to the spatial dimensions of innovation.<br>The literature on innovation increasingly points to the important role played by local and regional networks in driving innovation. Innovation is the result of the production, use and diffusion of knowledge, and this demands collaboration involving networks of individuals, organisations and institutions.<br>To test the theory of a connection between networks and innovation across regional Victoria, patent data is used as a proxy measure for innovation. This data is then cross-referenced with various social and economic data sets.<br>The analysis reveals that innovation in Victoria is substantially concentrated in ‘hot spots’ such as inner Melbourne. In some parts of Victoria very little innovation takes place at all.<br>This research has found that all things being equal, more innovation will take place in those areas in which there is a greater density of informal networks. However, not all types of networks are positive, and they are more important in provincial areas than in big cities. Innovation clearly has a spatial aspect, and innovation policy needs to give particular attention to the requirements of provincial areas.
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Alto, Lucio de Sousa Monte. "Análise do impacto do Programa ATLS (R) (Advanced Trauma Life Support (R)) no atendimento do traumatizado em cidade de pequeno porte no Brasil." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5159/tde-04042008-154357/.

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Introdução: o Programa ATLS foi desenvolvido nos EUA na década de 70, visando estabelecer um método padronizado para avaliação e tratamento iniciais dos pacientes vítimas de trauma pelos médicos que trabalham nas unidades de emergência. Hoje, apesar do sucesso e de sua ampla disseminação internacional, os benefícios do Programa em relação à modificação dos índices de mortalidade das vítimas de trauma ainda não foram largamente comprovados. Objetivos: o objetivo deste estudo é avaliar a efetividade do Programa ATLS no atendimento do traumatizado em cidade de pequeno porte do Brasil, analisando seu impacto sobre os índices de mortalidade, sobre o tempo de internação e sobre a realização de determinados procedimentos diagnósticos e terapêuticos. Métodos: no período compreendido entre 01 de Janeiro de 2003 e 31 de Dezembro de 2005, foram analisados 240 pacientes, vítimas de trauma, atendidos em hospital universitário de cidade de pequeno porte no Brasil, com RTS \"Revised Trauma Score\" - Escore Revisado de Trauma <6,62, subdivididos em duas amostras: grupo pré-ATLS (120 pacientes) - quando não havia protocolo específico para atendimento ao trauma, e grupo pós-ATLS (120 pacientes) - após a implantação do programa. Resultados: Houve diferença estatisticamente significativa na mortalidade, com redução média de 17% no grupo pós-ATLS. Também foi constatado, no grupo pós-ATLS, aumento estatisticamente significativo da mortalidade após 24 horas da chegada do paciente ao hospital. Quanto ao tempo de internação, não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os grupos. Conclusão: a implantação do programa ATLS reduziu o índice de mortalidade global atestando efetividade no atendimento ao trauma.<br>Introduction: the ATLS Program was developed in U.S.A. in the decade of 70, aiming to provide a standardized method for initial evaluation and management of the trauma patient for the doctors that work at the emergency room. Today, despite the success and of its ample international dissemination, the impact of the benefits of the Program on trauma care has not been wide scientifically proven. Objectives: the objective of this study is to analyze the effectiveness of the ATLS Program in the management of trauma patients in a small size city of Brasil, studying the real impact on the mortality index, the time of hospital stay and the accomplishment of determined diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. Methods: starting on January 01, 2003 and ending on December 31, 2005, 240 trauma victims were studied at the university hospital of a small size city of Brasil, with RTS (Revised Trauma Score) < 6.62, subdivided in two samples: group pre-ATLS (120 patients) - when there was no specific protocol for trauma care, and group post-ATLS (120 patients) - after the implementation of the program. Results: It had statistical significant difference in mortality, with average reduction of 17% in the group post-ATLS. Also it was evidenced, in the group after-ATLS, statistical significant increase of mortality after 24 hours of the arrival of the patient to the hospital. Concerning the length of hospital stay, there was no statistical significant difference between the groups. Conclusion: the implementation of the ATLS program reduced the index of global mortality certifying effectiveness in the management of the trauma patient.
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Chenthara, Shekha. "Privacy Preservation of Electronic Health Records Using Blockchain Technology: Healthchain." Thesis, 2021. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/42459/.

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The right to privacy is the most fundamental right of a citizen in any country. Electronic Health Records (EHRs) in healthcare has faced problems with privacy breaches, insider outsider attacks and unauthenticated record access in recent years, the most serious being related to the privacy and security of medical data. Ensuring privacy and security while handling patient data is of the utmost importance as a patient’s information should only be released to others with the patient’s permission or if it is allowed by law. Electronic health data (EHD) is an emerging health information exchange model that enables healthcare providers and patients to efficiently store and share their private healthcare information from any place and at any time as required. Generally, cloud services provide the infrastructure by reducing the cost of storing, processing and updating information with improved efficiency and quality. However, the privacy of EHRs is a significant hurdle when outsourcing private health data in the cloud because there is a higher risk of health information being leaked to unauthorized parties. Several existing techniques can analyse the security and privacy issues associated with e-healthcare services. These methods are designed for single databases, or databases with an authentication centre and thus cannot adequately protect the data from insider attacks. In fact, storing EHRs on centralized databases increases the security risk footprint and requires trust in a single authority. Therefore, this research study mainly focuses on how to ensure patient privacy and security while sharing sensitive data between the same or different organisations as well as healthcare providers in a distributed environment. This research successfully proposes and implements a permissioned blockchain framework named Healthchain, which maintains the security, privacy, scalability and integrity of the e-health data. The blockchain is built on Hyperledger Fabric, a permissioned distributed ledger solution by employing Hyperledger Composer and stores EHRs by utilizing InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) to build the decentralized web applications. Healthchain builds a two-pronged solution (i) an on-chain solution implemented on the secure network of Hyperledger Fabric which utilizes the state database Couch DB, (ii) an off-chain solution to securely store encrypted data via IPFS. The Healthchain architecture employs Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (PBFT) as the distributed network consensus processes to determine which block is to be added to the blockchain. Healthchain Hyperledger Fabric leverages container technology to host smart contracts called “chaincode” that comprises the application logic of this system. This research aimed at contributing towards the scalability in blockchain by storing the data hashes of health records on chain and the actual data is stored cryptographically off chain in IPFS, the decentralized storage. Moreover, the data stored in the IPFS will be encrypted by using special public key cryptographic algorithms to create robust blockchain solutions for EHD. This research study develops a privacy preserving framework with three main core contributions to the e-Health ecosystem: (i) it contributes a privacy preserving patient-centric framework namely Healthchain; (ii) introduces an efficient referral mechanism for the effective sharing of healthcare records; and (iii) prevents prescription drug abuse by performing drug tracking transactions employing smart contract functionality to create a smart health care ecosystem. The results demonstrates that the developed prototype ensures that healthcare records are not traceable to illegal disclosure as the model only stores the encrypted hash of records and is proven to be effective in terms of enhanced data privacy, data security, improved data scalability, interoperability and data integrity when accessing and sharing medical records among stakeholders across the Healthchain network. This research develops a foolproof security solution against cyber-attacks by exploiting the inherent features of the blockchain, thereby contributing to the robustness of healthcare information sharing systems and also unravels the potential for blockchain in health IT solutions.
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Fiakpa, Ernest Afene. "Measuring Employee Satisfaction using Total Quality Management Practices: An Empirical Study of Nigerian General Hospitals." Thesis, 2020. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/42262/.

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This research focuses on improving service quality by identifying TQM practices that could influence employee satisfaction to deliver efficient healthcare services that meet patients’ needs and expectations in Nigerian general hospitals. Public healthcare in Nigeria faces several challenges, including providing quality services and patients satisfaction. While Nigerian general hospitals aim to satisfy patients, the management ignores the employees’ satisfaction and, as such, has resulted in undesirable deficiencies. There is a need to balance the system through effective management of employees to achieve the higher service delivery lacking in the sector and has led to poor perception of the general hospitals. The study adopted a quantitative method, using a self-administered questionnaire and online survey from a total of 328 respondents (39 Doctors, 67 Nurses, 58 administrative staffs; 74 patients, 62 family members of patients, and 28 friends of patients) from two public hospitals in the states of Delta and Abuja, Nigeria. Using PLS-SEM, data analysis was carried out following the hierarchical component modelling approach. The study found positive links among TQM practices, employee satisfaction, service quality, and patient satisfaction. However, employee satisfaction has no impact on patient satisfaction, as the relationship was mediated by service quality. It was established that employees' perception of service quality differs from that of patients in the Nigerian general hospital. The study contributes to knowledge by clarifying employee satisfaction as an essential link to improving service quality and patient satisfaction and has significant implications for improving service quality and stakeholders’ satisfaction in hospitals.
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Mahdavi, Mojdeh. "The Role of Interpreters in Healthcare in Australia." Thesis, 2020. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/42034/.

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Interpreters play a pivotal role in facilitating communication between healthcare professionals and their patients when there is a lack of a common language which inhibits direct communication. This thesis examines the roles and practices of interpreters in healthcare settings in tertiary teaching hospitals with a high proportion of patients from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds in Melbourne, Australia. On the surface, the process of interpreter-mediated communication may seem straightforward, and the interpreter’s role is characteristically presented as being that of a neutral ‘language conduit’, seamlessly transferring meaning between two languages. However, this research explores the argument that conceptualising and understanding the role in this way is too simplistic, and devalues a range of contributions expected and made by interpreters in facilitating patient--health professional communication in Australian hospitals. The study was designed to investigate qualitatively the expectations and experiences of each group of participants in interpreter-mediated health communication concerning the role/s of the interpreter and factors that impact these role/s. To provide a complementary lens, the qualitative investigation of interpreters’ practices includes analysis of recordings of actual interpreted health encounters. Thirty-one individuals across three groups of participants (i.e. health professionals, patients and interpreters), across two large hospitals participated in semi- structured in-depth interviews. For the contrasting perspective, three interpreter-mediated outpatient healthcare interactions (in Dari, Arabic and Italian) were recorded and analysed enabling examination of similarities and differences between reported experiences and interpreter practice. The overall findings highlighted the interpreters’ awareness of the code of ethics and code of conduct that AUSIT (Australian Institute of Interpreters and Translators) promotes as professional standards. Interpreters seek to adhere to the neutral language conduit role as best they can. However, factors impacted the effectiveness of interpreters in relation to this role in the hospital interpreting setting, in particular, patients’ limited educational level and understanding of health terminology, dialect and gender compatibility between patient and interpreter, and institutional constraints, such as time and scheduling of consultations. On average interpreters engaged solely in direct message transfer in about 60% of their interpretations. However, they demonstrated a willingness and ability to move beyond their direct language conduit role when required, to facilitate more meaningful and expeditious HP- -patient exchange. Three core non-conduit roles (conversational facilitator, cultural facilitator, and experience facilitator) were also identified. Each of these roles is discussed in detail. Most importantly, whilst interpreters adopted these three non-conduit roles on an ‘as needs basis’, they felt in control and able to manage their professional boundaries when challenged. To conclude, recommendations about enhancing communication and training for health professionals, interpreters and patients were presented.
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Books on the topic "Citing patent"

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Carlino, Gerald A. Matching and learning in cities: Evidence from patent data. Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia, 2004.

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Veldman, Nancy. The Physician. [CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform], 2011.

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Company, Pacific Cable Railway. The system of wire-cable railways for cities and towns: As operated in San Francisco, Los Angeles, Chicago, St. Louis, Kansas City, New York, Cincinnati, Hoboken, etc. Periscope Film, 2007.

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1948-, Hardy-Fanta Carol, and United States. Bureau of Health Resources Development (1990- ). Office of Science and Epidemiology., eds. Impact of Ryan White CARE Act Title I on capacity building in Latino community-based organizations: Findings from a study of two cities. U.S. Dept. of Health & Human Services, Public Health Service, Health Resources and Services Administration, Bureau of Health Resources Development, Office of Science and Epidemiology, 1995.

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1948-, Hardy-Fanta Carol, and United States. Bureau of Health Resources Development (1990- ). Office of Science and Epidemiology., eds. Impact of Ryan White CARE Act Title I on capacity building in Latino community-based organizations: Findings from a study of two cities. U.S. Dept. of Health & Human Services, Public Health Service, Health Resources and Services Administration, Bureau of Health Resources Development, Office of Science and Epidemiology, 1995.

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Amaro, Hortensia. Impact of Ryan White CARE Act Title I on capacity building in Latino community-based organizations: Findings from a study of two cities. U.S. Dept. of Health & Human Services, Public Health Service, Health Resources and Services Administration, Bureau of Health Resources Development, Office of Science and Epidemiology, 1995.

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Administration, Louisiana Division of, ed. Consolidated Plan: Community Development block grant-- small cities, HOME investment partnership program, Emergency Shelter grants program, Housing Opportunities for Persons With AIDS program : fiscal years, 1995-1999. Office of the Governor, Division of Administration, 1995.

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Tropper, Jonathan. The Book of Joe. Random House Publishing Group, 2004.

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Humphrey, Lisa. Talking and Working with Dying Patients. Edited by Stuart J. Youngner and Robert M. Arnold. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199974412.013.32.

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This article reflects on the lessons about grief and dying acquired by a palliative care and hospice physician over the course of her training and career. The article describes how she views, engages, and incorporates grief into her work as a health-care provider based on her personal experiences and lessons learned from mentors, patients, and families. It describes ways to better understand the types of loss one can personally experience and need to “tag your baggage” as a way of loss experiences before patient discussions. The article then emphasizes the importance of managing one’s expectations when working with a patient and/or family facing end-of-life issues, citing a pervasive concept in palliative and hospice care known as the “good death.” Finally, it discusses the role of communication and supportive skills in dealing with dying patients and their families, along with debriefing and self-care.
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Malone, Mary Ann. SOcial Service Interventions. Edited by Mary Ann Cohen, Jack M. Gorman, Jeffrey M. Jacobson, Paul Volberding, and Scott Letendre. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199392742.003.0039.

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As with other professions involved with the care of persons with HIV/AIDS, social work is undergoing changes that have had a positive effect on the quality of care for patients. This chapter presents some of the changes in social work practice and provides references from literature citing innovative work to support the current trends. The need for interdisciplinary teamwork among the disciplines involved, with emphasis on patients’ adherence to their medical care, is highlighted. A New York State–sponsored program to help promote adherence is discussed. A biopsychosocial approach to patient care is evident throughout the chapter. This biopsychosocial approach, implemented through collaboration among disciplines, has been a mainstay of social work practice over the years and is likely to remain so for years to come.
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Book chapters on the topic "Citing patent"

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Mikoš, Matjaž. "Landslide Research and Technology in Patent Documents." In Progress in Landslide Research and Technology, Volume 1 Issue 2, 2022. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-18471-0_3.

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AbstractScience, Technology, and Innovation play a crucial role in the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 (SF DRR). The International Consortium on Landslides (ICL) initiated the Sendai Landslide Partnerships 2015–2025 as a voluntary commitment to SF DRR. In 2020, the ICL launched the Kyoto 2020 Commitment for Global Promotion of Understanding and Reducing Landslide Disaster Risk (KLC 2020) as a follow-up of the Sendai Landslide Partnerships 2015–2025. Closely related to the above-mentioned Innovation are patents as a form of intellectual property rights and are often used as an innovation assessment parameter. This article reports on a study conducted to look at the patent documents that are available in open-access databases in order to evaluate how well they relate to the field of landslide research and technology. Landslide-related patent documents were extracted using different search terms in the patent document titles, abstracts, claims and/or their general text from the Google Patents, using the Espacenet tools from the European Patent Office, and the Derwent Patent Index inside the Web of Science offered by Clarivate Analytics, respectively. The extracted patent documents were analyzed with regard to the applicant respectively inventor affiliation (academic, non-academic, country of affiliation) and to the technical field of a patent using well-known patent classifications. The most active countries claiming landslide-related patents were recognized. Furthermore, review and research articles in SpringerLink and SCOPUS databases were searched to study how often scientific articles are citing landslide-related patents. The results of the study can be summarized as follow: (i) in the Google Patents database there are 15,000 + landslide-related patent documents, and in the Espacenet and the Derwent Innovation index database 5000+, respectively. In the patents titles, abstracts, and claims, processes are more often used to describe the patent than the technology; (ii) the number of technological (non-science) based patents is higher than that of academic (science-based) patents, with some specific field of applications, where the situation is the opposite; (iii) with regard to the different areas of technology to which landslide-related patent documents pertain, the categories “G-Physics” and “E-Fixed constructions” are clearly prevailing: “G” for debris flows and landslides, and “E” for fallings rocks and mudflows; (iv) the majority of landslide-related patents are filled and/or granted in China, followed by Japan and South Korea, USA and EU member countries—five major emerging economies (called BRICS) are outperforming developed countries, with a very prevailing Chinese contribution; (v) only a fraction of the order of a few one-in-thousands of landslide-related patents documents are cited in journal review and research articles.
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El Khammal, Ayoub, El Mokhtar En-Naimi, Mohamed Kanas, Jaber El Bouhdidi, and Anass El Haddadi. "Automatics Tools and Methods for Patents Analysis: Efficient Methodology for Patent Document Clustering." In Innovations in Smart Cities and Applications. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74500-8_4.

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Maskittou, Mohamed, Anass El Haddadi, and Hayat Routaib. "Feature Learning of Patent Networks Using Tensor Decomposition." In Innovations in Smart Cities Applications Volume 4. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66840-2_104.

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Jørgensen, Daniel Bjerring, Kasper Hallenborg, and Yves Demazeau. "Patient Centric Ontology for Telehealth Domain." In Inclusive Smart Cities and e-Health. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19312-0_20.

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Aziz, Layla, and Samira Achki. "Patient Classification Using the Hybrid AHP-CNN Approach." In Innovations in Smart Cities Applications Volume 4. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66840-2_94.

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Lahmer, Yosra, Hend Bouziri, and Wassila Aggoune-Mtalaa. "Patient Transport and Mobile Health Workforce: Framework and Research Perspectives." In Innovations in Smart Cities Applications Volume 4. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66840-2_40.

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Zhang, Yan, Ping Yuan, and Bin Yu. "Evaluating Cities’ Independent Innovation Capabilities Based on Patent Using Data Analysis Methods." In Communications in Computer and Information Science. Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6385-5_58.

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Gusmano, Michael K. "Cities, Immigration, and the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act." In Handbook of Global Urban Health. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315465456-7.

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Odebunmi, Akin. "Knowledge distribution in provenance inquiries." In Pragmatics & Beyond New Series. John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1075/pbns.352.05ode.

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Abstract The chapter addresses how doctors and patients negotiate provenance in small talk initiated by doctors in Southwestern Nigerian clinical meetings. Citing instances of provenance inquiries found in 20 clinical interactions, and adopting a CA-inspired discourse-analytical approach (with aspects of progressivity and Heritage’s epistemic distribution theory combined with small talk theorising and top-down methods), the chapter explores small talk as a peripheral discourse in the Nigerian hospital meetings in relation to the deployment of provenance inquiries in the encounters. It analyses how provenance inquiries are initiated and responded to, the epistemic stances underlying their uses, their interactional consequences and the circumstances under which they develop into fully-fledged provenance inquiry small talk. It argues that the doctor plays an important role in the initiation of provenance inquiry small talk, but that successfully transforming topicalised talk into small talk proffers is licensed by the patient, which foregrounds the strict dependence of provenance inquiry small talk on the neutralisation of the doctor’s clinical power. The study concludes that while provenance inquiry small talk plays a peripheral role in the institutional context of medical encounters, its significance in culturising the meetings and occasionally reducing clinical tension between doctors and patients in the peripherality of Nigerian hospitals is immense.
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Achki, Samira, and Layla Aziz. "COVID-19 Patient Classification Strategy Using a Hybrid BWM-SVM Model." In Innovations in Smart Cities Applications Volume 4. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66840-2_92.

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Conference papers on the topic "Citing patent"

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Eleimat, Mahmoud, Omar Alharasees, and Arnold Oszi. "Advancements in Airport Security Technologies: A Patent Analysis." In 2024 Mediterranean Smart Cities Conference (MSCC). IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mscc62288.2024.10696990.

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Saksupapchon, Punyapat. "Tracing the Evolution of Artificial Intelligence Patent Trends in Green Transportation." In 2024 IEEE International Smart Cities Conference (ISC2). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/isc260477.2024.11004287.

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Panwar, Neeraj, Nipun Kumar, M. Sunil Kumar, Md Rafeeq, P. Rajeswari, and S. Meenakshi. "AI-Driven Healthcare Infrastructure for Smart Cities Using Privacy Preserved Decision Trees to Secure the Patient Data." In 2024 15th International Conference on Computing Communication and Networking Technologies (ICCCNT). IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icccnt61001.2024.10725216.

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Spyropoulos, B. "Micro-implants evolution towards Smart Healthcare as reflected on relevant filed Patent-applications." In Smart Cities Symposium 2018. Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp.2018.1389.

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Virgin, A. Lanisha, K. Ananthalakshmi, P. Rajeswari, R. Narmatha Banu, and B. Kiruthiga. "Coma patient monitoring system." In 7th IET Smart Cities Symposium (SCS 2023). Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/icp.2024.0929.

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Masaad, S., S. Jassim, L. Mahdi, and Z. Bahri. "Smart Assistive System for Severely Disabled Patients." In Smart Cities Symposium 2018. Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp.2018.1392.

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Leng, Kenny Kah-Keng, Victoria Wong Murray, Alexus Weatherspoon, Amy Palen, Kenneth W. Stagliano та Stephen M. Scheinthal. "Spot the Signs- 防范未然,及时干预- 培训". У 28th Annual Rowan-Virtua Research Day. Rowan University Libraries, 2024. https://doi.org/10.31986/issn.2689-0690_rdw.stratford_research_day.164_2024.

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Opiate overdose is an unfortunately common risk factor for suicide; suicide attempts accounted for an estimated 30% of fatal opioid overdoses during the pandemic, and patients with an episode of opiate overdose were at an 18 times higher risk of suicide in the following year. As a result, the Rowan School of Osteopathic Medicine Department of Psychiatry developed an Integrated Mental Health Awareness and Suicide Prevention program targeted at members of the community and frontline workers to increase awareness and provide brief interventions, which demonstrated an improvement of 89% in our English-speaking attendees. Chinese is the second-most common non-English language in New Jersey, with an estimated 120 thousand speakers, and major Chinatowns in the adjacent cities of New York City and Philadelphia. Chinese patients also frequently experience culturally bound stigmas and symptoms, so it is vital to ensure content is appropriately targeted for maximum impact. In this poster, we showcase some examples of translated and targeted content, and detail several terms that differ between dialects or regional varieties commonly spoken in New Jersey. Attention to matching dialect and the use of local terminology for culturally specific syndromes can increase effectiveness of patient education programs in underserved populations.The use of qualified human medical translators proficient in the dialect spoken by specific patients or provider-patient concordance also prevents misunderstanding and may improve rapport.
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Khattak, Sohaib Bin Altaf, Haleem Farman, Moustafa M. Nasralla, and Maged Abdullah Esmail. "Enhancing Wheelchair Communications Utilizing Thread Protocol for Improved Patient Safety." In 2023 IEEE International Smart Cities Conference (ISC2). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isc257844.2023.10293573.

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Tan, Kar Way, Bee Keow Goh, and Aldy Gunawan. "Redesigning Patient Flow in Paediatric Eye Clinic For Pandemic Using Simulation." In 2021 IEEE International Smart Cities Conference (ISC2). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isc253183.2021.9562820.

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Teixeira, Marina Diogenes, Felipe Andreotta Cavagna, Jorge Yoshinori Shida, Andre Mattar, and Luiz Henrique Gebrim. "BREAST-CONSERVING SURGERY AFTER NEOADJUVANT CHEMOTHERAPY IN PATIENTS WITH STAGE II AND III TREATED IN THE PUBLIC HEALTH SYSTEM." In Scientifc papers of XXIII Brazilian Breast Congress - 2021. Mastology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29289/259453942021v31s1067.

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Introduction: Over the last few decades, neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT) has played an increasing role in the management of breast cancer. It allows for an evaluation of the tumour reponse in vivo and may afford a de-escalation of surgeries. Despite advances in neoadjuvant treatment, evidence shows that rates of breast-conserving surgeries (BCT) after NCT are low (51%–68%) even when a patient is eligible for a less agressive surgery. Objectives: To analyze the surgical treatment performed in patients who underwent NCT in clinical stages (CS) II or III within a public health service in Brazil. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with statistical analysis of the database of a public hospital in São Paulo with 11,073 patients treated from January 2009 to December 2020. Results: A total of 11,073 patients with breast cancer were treated in this period and 9,526 surgeries were performed, from which 4,613 (48.4%) were BCS and 4,913 (51.6%) were mastectomies. Among these procedures, 2,231 patients underwent NCT before surgical treatment, 275 (12%) were submitted to BCS and 1,956 (88%) to mastectomy. When compared by clinical stages: 641 were in CS II, BCS was performed in 143 (22.3%) and mastectomy in 498 (77.7%), and 1,590 were in CS III, from which 132 (8.3%) were submitted to BCS and 1,458 (91.7%) to mastectomy after neoadjuvant treatment. Conclusions: We observed that the rate of BCS after NCT in patients in CS II or III in our service was even lower than that found in the international literature. Some of the factors that may have influenced this result are: patient preference, anatomical extension of the tumor with skin ulceration (T4b), physician insecurity in performing a less aggressive treatment or difficulty accessing radiotherapy for patients from distant cities. This suggests that the potential surgical benefits of NCT are not being fully understood or explored. There is a need to resolve the uncertainties that are are holding back surgical teams from adopting more conservative surgeries.
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Reports on the topic "Citing patent"

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Squiers, Linda, Mariam Siddiqui, Ishu Kataria, et al. Perceived, Experienced, and Internalized Cancer Stigma: Perspectives of Cancer Patients and Caregivers in India. RTI Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2021.rr.0044.2104.

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Cancer stigma may lead to delayed diagnosis and treatment, especially in low- and middle-income countries. This exploratory, pilot study was conducted in India to explore the degree to which cancer stigma is perceived, experienced, and internalized among adults living with cancer and their primary caregivers. We conducted a survey of cancer patients and their caregivers in two Indian cities. The survey assessed perceived, experienced, and internalized stigma; demographic characteristics; patient cancer history; mental health; and social support. A purposive sample of 20 cancer survivor and caregiver dyads was drawn from an ongoing population-based cohort study. Overall, 85 percent of patients and 75 percent of caregivers reported experiencing some level (i.e., yes response to at least one of the items) of perceived, experienced, or internalized stigma. Both patients (85 percent) and caregivers (65 percent) perceived that community members hold at least one stigmatizing belief or attitude toward people with cancer. About 60 percent of patients reported experiencing stigma, and over one-third of patients and caregivers had internalized stigma. The findings indicate that fatalistic beliefs about cancer are prevalent, and basic education about cancer for the general public, patients, and caregivers is required. Cancer-related stigma in India should continue to be studied to determine and address its prevalence, root causes, and influence on achieving physical and mental health-related outcomes.
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Chauvin, Juan Pablo, Annabelle Fowler, and Nicolás Herrera L. The Younger Age Profile of COVID-19 Deaths in Developing Countries. Inter-American Development Bank, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0002879.

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This paper examines why a larger share of COVID-19 deaths occurs among young and middle-aged adults in developing countries than in high-income countries. Using novel data at the country, city, and patient levels, we investigate the drivers of this gap in terms of the key components of the standard Susceptible-Infected-Recovered framework. We obtain three main results. First, we show that the COVID-19 mortality age gap is not explained by younger susceptible populations in developing countries. Second, we provide indirect evidence that higher infection rates play a role, showing that variables linked to faster COVID-19 spread such as residential crowding and labor informality are correlated with younger mortality age profiles across cities. Third, we show that lower recovery rates in developing countries account for nearly all of the higher death shares among young adults, and for almost half of the higher death shares among middle-aged adults. Our evidence suggests that lower recovery rates in developing countries are driven by a higher prevalence of preexisting conditions that have been linked to more severe COVID-19 complications, and by more limited access to hospitals and intensive care units in some countries.
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Kaawa-Mafigiri, David, Megan Schmidt-Sane, and Tabitha Hrynick. Key Considerations for RCCE in the 2022 Ebola Outbreak Response in Greater Kampala, Uganda. Institute of Development Studies, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2022.037.

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On 20 September 2022, an outbreak of the Sudan strain of Ebola Virus Disease – SVD – was announced as the first laboratory-confirmed patient was identified in a village in Mubende District in central Uganda. Uganda’s Ministry of Health (MoH) activated the National Task Force and developed and deployed a National Response Plan, which includes the activation of District Task Forces. The target areas include the epicentre (Mubende and Kassanda districts) and surrounding areas, as well as Masaka, Jinja and Kampala cities. This is of great concern, as Kampala is the capital city with a high population and linkages to neighbouring districts and international locations (via Entebbe Airport). It is also a serious matter given that there has been no outbreak of Ebola before in the city. This brief details how Risk Communication and Community Engagement (RCCE) activities and approaches can be adapted to reach people living in Greater Kampala to increase adoption of preventive behaviours and practices, early recognition of symptoms, care seeking and case reporting. The intended audiences include the National Task Force and District Task Forces in Kampala, Mukono, and Wakiso Districts, and other city-level RCCE practitioners and responders. The insights in this brief were collected from emergent on-the-ground observations from the current outbreak by embedded researchers, consultations with stakeholders, and a rapid review of relevant published and grey literature. This brief, requested by UNICEF Uganda, draws from the authors’ experience conducting social science research on Ebola preparedness and response in Uganda. It was written by David Kaawa-Mafigiri (Makerere University), Megan Schmidt-Sane (Institute of Development Studies (IDS)), and Tabitha Hrynick (IDS), with contributions from the MoH, UNICEF, the Center for Health, Human Rights and Development (CEHURD), the Uganda Harm Reduction Network (UHRN), Population Council and CLEAR Global/Translators without Borders. It includes some material from a SSHAP brief developed by Anthrologica and the London School of Economics. It was reviewed by the Uganda MoH, University of Waterloo, Anthrologica, IDS and the RCCE Collective Service. This brief is the responsibility of SSHAP.
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Stjernberg, Mats, Anna Vasilevskaya, and Oskar Penje. Towards a grid-based Nordic territorial typology - A new tool for analysis across the urban-rural continuum. Nordregio, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.6027/r2024:91403-2503.

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This report presents the grid-based Nordic urban–rural typology, which was developed as a new analytical tool for studying different types of spatial phenomena across Nordic territories. In this study this meant developing a typology that classifies all Nordic territories into seven different typology classes based on different degrees of urbanity and rurality. A key starting point for this work was the need for a territorial typology that would help enrich and provide new understanding of different types of urban and rural areas across the Nordic countries and shed light on how they are developing. This report first presents how the typology was created, including the rationale behind the typology, key considerations at different stages of the work, and the main operational steps taken. The main purpose was to create a new territorial typology, to which different types of data could be combined, thus helping to provide a more nuanced and fine-grained understanding of territorial differences across the Nordic countries. Several key principles were specified early in the work. These include that the typology should be created at grid-level (1 x 1 km) as this allows identifying the characteristics of different types of areas at a very detailed territorial level. Another key decision was to create the typology mainly using open-source data and following a replicable method, to make any possible future updates to the typology easier and less costly. For the development of the Nordic typology, the Finnish grid-based urban–rural classification (Kaupunki-maaseutuluokitus) was the main source of inspiration. This Nordic typology and population data at grid level (linked to the typology) is then used as an analytical lens for studying territorial differences, settlement pattens and demographic change dynamics in the five Nordic countries. According to the typology, the Nordic countries are predominantly rural when considering how their land areas are classified. However, an examination of settlement patterns according to the Nordic typology shows that the settlements are rather unevenly distributed in all the Nordic countries, and the majority of the population live relatively concentrated in areas that are classified as urban. In general, the population is largely concentrated in coastal areas and along waterways, where the major urban regions are found, reflecting historical patterns and features of physical geography. The Nordic typology is also used to examine what types of population change dynamics occurred in the Nordic countries during the period 2008–2022. The analysis shows that urbanisation has been a general trend during the past couple of decades, with the largest population growth occurring in the typology classes inner urban and outer urban. A relatively noticeable increase in population is also evident in peri-urban areas, suggesting suburbanisation and that intermediate areas located on the urban fringes have increasingly attracted new residents. In rural areas, the general trend shows that depopulation has occurred in many rural localities, but different types of rural areas have developed quite differently. Based on the analysis, rural areas that are in the vicinity of cities and towns appear to have become more attractive places for people to settle, while sparsely populated rural areas seem to be less favourably placed and have generally witnessed population decrease. This report shows how this typology and more fine-grained data can help reveal territorial differences that cannot be observed with more general statistics and data. The grid-based Nordic typology shows that many municipalities are at the same time both urban, intermediate, and rural, and in many cases these different categories seem to be undergoing quite different types of development. While the Nordic urban–rural typology is used in this study to examine settlement patterns and population change dynamics, it should be stressed that the typology is also well-suited to be used in combination with other types of data and as an analytical framework for studying also other types of spatial phenomena across the urban–rural continuum.
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