Relevant bibliographies by topics / Citizens' rights and duties

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
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Academic literature on the topic 'Citizens' rights and duties'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 11 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Citizens' rights and duties"

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Safitri, Auliah, and Suharno Suharno. "Menjadi Good Citizen Melalui Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan di Era Globalisasi." JUPIIS: JURNAL PENDIDIKAN ILMU-ILMU SOSIAL 11, no. 2 (December 1, 2019): 382. http://dx.doi.org/10.24114/jupiis.v11i2.13988.

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The purpose of this article is to examine Thomas Lickona's theories about how to be a good citizen or a good character of citizens. This article was compiled using the library research method, namely the method of data collection carried out by utilizing library resources and materials. The results obtained that a person can be said to be a good citizen if he is able to carry out his duties and obligations properly in living life as a citizen. To create a good character of citizens and answer challenges and opportunities for global life, a new paradigm of education is needed. Global Civic Education is the fastest form of education reform in the current era. Global Citizenship Education is considered as one of the subjects that can prepare global citizens to be able to understand various global problems. Global citizenship education basically has a very good goal to create an equal perception of the duties, rights and obligations of citizens in carrying out the duties of being good citizens and not to distinguish between equality of race, ethnicity, culture, religion or groups that are equally have human rights.
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Bauhn, Per. "Universalist Rights and Particularist Duties: The Case of Refugees." Migration Letters 16, no. 2 (April 5, 2019): 145–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/ml.v16i2.541.

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The conflict between refugees’ human right to be admitted to a safe country and the right of states to exercise sovereign control of their borders, including the right to deny refugees entry, can be understood in terms of a normative conflict between two ethical systems, namely those of ethical universalism and ethical particularism. Here it is suggested that this conflict can be resolved by combining a universalist comparable cost argument with a particularist fair share argument. The comparable cost argument affirms that a state receiving refugees should allow at least the most basic rights of refugees to override less important rights of its own citizens. The fair share argument modifies the comparable cost argument by affirming that no state is morally obligated to sacrifice any of its citizens’ rights for the sake of protecting a larger share of refugees than what is fair, given its resources.
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Osewa, Oladimeji Sogo. "CITIZENSHIP AND CITIZENSHIP EDUCATION: A DETERMINANT OF GOOD GOVERNANCE." International Journal of New Economics and Social Sciences 11, no. 1 (June 30, 2020): 257–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.3546.

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Citizenship is the status of being a legal member of a state, having been recognized by the law and custom of such state, whereby citizens owe allegiance to the state (coun-try) and in turn been protected by the state. Nevertheless, for citizens to owe allegiance to their states implies that such citizens is patriotic and also ready to take up their constitutional rolls or duties to the betterment of the state, and in return enjoys the fundamental human rights, citizen’s liberty and protection from their states (country). However, for citizens to know their rights, duties and obligations, and for them to be able to participate actively in their countries political decision making (supporting and criticizing government policies) that will leads to a robust public and foreign policy of their country, then, such citizens need to be politically educated through citizenship education, because Citizenship education breeds active democratic citizen-ry. This article titled citizenship and citizenship education: A determinant of good governance examined the importance of citizenship education and how it can breed active democratic citizenry that can enhance good governance in the state. This article employs the interview as a tool for data collection, and also applied the secondary source of Data collections by retrieving valuable information’s from ready-made works of scholars to buttress the argument of this work. The paper finds out that there is a positive correlation between citizenship education and active democratic citizen-ry. This article finally recommends that extensive citizenship education will serve as a veritable tool for good governance and National development. However, the paper recommends that citizenship education is a must and a child of necessity, a policy to be adopted by all government.
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Khabibullina, Ilnara Ramilevna, Daria Evgenevna Timofeeva, and Anastasiia Dmitrievna Sarantseva. "Legal status of russian citizens abroad." Interactive science, no. 5 (60) (July 25, 2021): 128–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21661/r-554276.

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The legal status of Russian citizens abroad not only acts as an object of state activity, but at the same time constitutes the subject of Russian state policy. The Russian state is pursuing a policy of protecting the fundamental rights and freedoms of man and citizen in relation to compatriots, but at the same time, interference of the Russian Federation in the internal affairs of a foreign state is unacceptable. This article discusses issues related to the protection of the rights of citizens of the Russian Federation outside the state, as well as the activities of bodies whose duties include protecting the rights and interests of persons outside the country, and examines the regulatory framework aimed at the implementation of these rights.
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Vieweg, Klaus. "Recht und Pflicht – Einschränkungen von Freiheit?" Deutsche Zeitschrift für Philosophie 69, no. 1 (February 1, 2021): 98–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/dzph-2021-0005.

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Abstract Can one speak philosophically of a justified limitation of freedom? Hegel’s logically founded definition of free will and his understanding of right and duty can contribute to a clarification of the concept of freedom. Important is a precise differentiation between freedom and caprice (Willkür) – the latter being a necessary but one-sided element of the free will. In caprice, the will is not yet in the form of reason. Rational rights and duties are not a restriction of freedom. Insofar as individual rights can collide (e. g. in emergency situations), there can be a temporary and proportionate restriction of certain rights in favour of higher rights, such as the right to life. Dictatorships are instances of capricious rule which restrict freedom; the rationally designed state, by contrast, restricts only caprice. What is tobe defined are the duties and the rights of the state and the duties and the rights of the citizens.
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Statman, Daniel. "Note: Reciprocity of Rights and Duties, Benefits and Burdens: National Service for Israeli Arabs." Law & Ethics of Human Rights 6, no. 2 (January 17, 2013): 247–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/1938-2545.1075.

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Abstract Jews and Arabs in Israel often agree that there is a reciprocal relation between rights and duties, though they derive opposing conclusions from it. Jews infer that Arabs are not entitled to the same rights and privileges as Jews are, since they do not shoulder an equal share of the duties. Arabs, by contrast, argue that they are under no duty to share the burdens, particularly military or national service, since their rights are not fully respected. The Paper assesses these opposing claims and ends up rejecting both. It argues that the rights to which citizens are entitled do not depend on citizens carrying out all their social or legal duties, while the citizens’ duty to contribute to the welfare of their countries by national service or other means is generally not contingent on the countries’ fulfillment of its duties towards them. The Paper focuses on national service by Israeli Arabs and suggests that (a) that there is nothing wrong in making such service mandatory though there are practical considerations against doing so and (b) that making such service optional is an excellent alternative, one that should be encouraged as much as possible.
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Gyawali, Chandra Kanta. "Citizenship: A Political or Legal Matter? From Legal - Anthropological Perspective." Patan Pragya 6, no. 1 (December 31, 2020): 63–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/pragya.v6i1.34394.

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Citizenship is a political as well as legal or a constitutional matter. This is also a social right of citizen. The status of being a citizen and the quality of persons, works as a member of a community. Without citizenship, one is denied of rights to live, work, vote, pay taxes and many other things related to his or her rights and duties. Consanguineous relationship, jus soli, naturalization and honorary are considered as major categories of citizenship in Nepal. The citizenship on consanguineous relationship may be linked with the theory of anthropology under the direct line descent, immediate descent, lineal descent, maternal line descent, mediate descent and paternal line descent. In Nepal, a child of a citizen having obtained the citizenship of Nepal by birth prior to the commencement of the Constitution of Nepal should acquire the citizenship of Nepal by descent, if the child’s father and mother (parents) both are citizens of Nepal. Many citizens are in condition of statelessness and deprived of the right to obtain citizenship due to legal, social, administrative, poverty and identities problems of the citizens. Therefore, any citizen of Nepal should not be statelessness or deprived of the right to obtain citizenship on the basis sex, caste, and race, religion social and cultural values.
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Yesufu, Shaka. "Human rights and the policing of disorder in South Africa: challenges and future directions." EUREKA: Social and Humanities, no. 3 (May 31, 2021): 72–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.21303/2504-5571.2021.001861.

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Unarguably, the South African Police during the apartheid era was characterised by brutality and state repression, including the political executions of several South African citizens who dared oppose the apartheid regime. The post-apartheid era has also witnessed deaths of citizens at the hands of the police during demonstrations, demanding better service delivery, higher wages, improved working conditions, and an end to marginalisation and poverty. The author presents some cases of police human rights violations concerning policing citizen’s protests. This is a qualitative study, relying on extensive literature review by previous researchers. The findings of this study are: The South Africa Police Service continues to violate citizen's right to protest, which is enshrined in the Republic of South Africa’s constitution under chapter 2 “Bill of Rights” and other international legal jurisprudence. The South African police have failed to perform their duties professionally and effectively when it comes to policing protests. Crown management remains an elusive issue both during the apartheid and post-apartheid eras. The author recommends a demilitarization of the police consistent with the South African government policy recommendation, found in the National Development Plan 2030.
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Lanceiro, Rui. "Dano and Alimanovic: the recent evolution of CJEU caselaw on EU citizenship and cross-border access to social benefits." UNIO – EU Law Journal 3, no. 1 (January 2, 2017): 65–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.21814/unio.3.1.9.

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Since its inception, the concept of EU citizenship, as well as the rights and duties deriving therefrom, has evolved considerably, particularly in the area of social rights. ECJ case law has played a central role in defining the right of EU citizens to access social benefits in the host Member States, which meant a decrease in their degree of discretion to restrict the access to national social securities systems. However, the recent Dano and Alimanovic judgments represent a significant change from previous case-law, setting limits on the right of EU citizens to social benefits in the host Member States. The right of residence in another Member State appears to be dependent on the status of a worker citizen in accordance with the new methodology in order to avoid being an excessive burden on the social system of the host Member State. However, the new approach still leaves several unanswered questions. Were these decisions an attempt to address the “social security tourism” debate? Is the CJEU falling behind with regard to the protection of social rights? What will remain of previous jurisprudence?
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GÓMEZ-REINO Y CARNOTA, Enrique. "Carta Iberoamericana de los Derechos y Deberes del Ciudadano en relación con la Administración Pública." RVAP 99-100, no. 99-100 (December 30, 2014): 1647–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.47623/ivap-rvap.99.100.2014.067.

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LABURPENA: Uste dut herritarrek administrazio publikoarekiko dituzten eskubide eta betebehar guztiak jasotzen dituen Nazioarteko Zuzenbideko testu bakarra 2013ko «Herritarrek Administrazio Publikoarekiko dituzten Eskubideei eta Betebeharrei buruzko Iberoamerikako Ituna» dela. Itunaren arabera, herritarrek administrazio publikoarekin dituzten harremanen estatutua administrazio onaren funtsezko eskubideak eta agiriko gainerako eskubideek eta herritarrei dagozkien betebeharrek osatzen dute. Eskubideek eta betebeharrek zehazten dute herritarren egoera juridikoa. Eskubideez eta betebeharrez gain, itunak hainbat printzipio biltzen ditu, administratibistok ondo ezagutzen ditugunak. Helburua da herritarrek, ordenamendu juridikoak aitortzen dien bezala, erdigunea bere egitea. Gure herrialdeko zuzenbidean, Konstituzioak zuzenbide-estatu sozialean eta demokratikoan ezinbestekoak diren eskubideen eta betebeharren sorta zabala onartzen du (1. tituluan, «Oinarrizko eskubide eta betebeharrez »), baita hainbat printzipio ere, Atariko tituluaren 9.3 artikuluan. Azkenik, Itunaren testuan, oinarrizko eskubideak eta hori osatzen dutenek ordenamendujuridikoetako giza eskubideen babes administratiboa eta jurisdikzionala dute. RESUMEN: «La Carta Iberoamericana de los Derechos y Deberes del Ciudadano en relación con la Administración Pública» de 2013 creo que es el único texto de Derecho Internacional en el cual se especifican todos los derechos y deberes de los ciudadanos en relación con la Administración Pública. El Estatuto de los ciudadanos en sus relaciones con la Administración Pública está integrado, según este texto, por un derecho fundamental a la buena administración y por los derechos que lo integran, así como por los deberes que le corresponden. Los derechos y los deberes definen, en último término, la posición jurídica del ciudadano. Pero junto a los derechos y deberes la Carta sistematiza una amplia serie de principios, que nos son bien conocidos a los administrativistas, todo ello con la finalidad de determinar que los ciudadanos asuman la posición central que le reconoce el ordenamiento jurídico. En el Derecho de nuestro país, la Constitución reconoce un amplio abanico de derechos y deberes fundamentales en el Estado social y democrático de derecho (Título I. «De los derechos y deberes fundamentales»), así como una serie de principios en el art. 9.3.º del Título Preliminar. Por último, en el texto de la Carta el derecho fundamental y los que lo integran gozan de la protección administrativa y jurisdiccional de los derechos humanos previstos en los diferentes ordenamientos jurídicos. ABSTRACT: The Iberoamerican Charter of Rights and Duties of the Citizen in Public Administration of 2013 I belief to be the only International Law text where all the rights and duties of the citizens in Public Administration are specified. The status of the citizen in their relationships with the Public Administration is integrated according to this text with a fundamental right to good administration and the rights that are part of it together with the duties therein. Rights and duties determine ultimately the legal position of the citizen. But beside the rights and duties, the Charter systematizes a broad series of principle which are not totally known by the Administrative doctrine, and all in all with the aim at establishing that cititzens have the central position acknowledged by the legal order. In the Law of our country, the Constitution recognizes a broad range of fundamental rights and duties in the Social and Democratic State of Law (Title I, “About fundamental rights and duties”) together with a series of principles in article 9.3 of the Preliminary Title. Finally, in the Charter’s text the fundamental right and the rights that are part of it enjoy the administrative and judicial protection of human rights established by the different legal orders.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Citizens' rights and duties"

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Capriati, Marinella. "Human rights, interests and duties." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:068aeab6-ae43-423b-873a-a441b910269a.

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This dissertation focuses on the concept of human rights, and in particular on how we should understand the interests protected by human rights and human rights' correlative duties. The work consists of three papers. Human rights and interests In the first paper I consider which conditions interests have to satisfy in order to be protected by human rights. I call these the Interest Conditions. I argue that we need to distinguish between two kinds of Interest Conditions: qualitative and quantitative ones. This means that we need to consider both which type of interests, and how much of these interests, human rights protect. I then consider the content of these conditions. Political accounts and fidelity to human rights practice In recent years, considerable attention has been received by so called "political accounts" of the analysis of human rights. According to these theories, one of the distinctive features of human rights is that they play a certain political function. In particular, a large number of political accounts hold that human rights have political correlative duties. I call this thesis 'Political Duties'. Political Duties has been defended on the grounds of the desideratum of fidelity, according to which the analysis of human rights ought to be faithful to human rights practice. I consider two ways of interpreting this desideratum and the corresponding versions of the argument in support of Political Duties. I argue that neither version successfully supports the thesis. The universal scope of positive duties correlative to human rights In the third paper I focus on duties correlative to human rights. We can distinguish between two different kinds of duties: negative and positive ones. Negative duties are duties not to perform an action, while positive duties are duties to perform an action. I focus on the latter and, in particular, I concentrate on the question of their scope - that is, on understanding who holds them. I defend a refinement of the thesis that all individuals hold positive duties correlative to human rights, which I call the Universal Scope Thesis.
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Matwijkiw, Anja. "Human needs, rights, and corresponding duties." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.627234.

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Owen, J. "Rights, duties and choice in Belgian education." Thesis, University of Reading, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.354092.

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Montero, J. C. "Responsibility for human rights violations, institutions and transnational duties." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2011. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1331898/.

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This thesis proposes a conception of responsibility for human rights. The conception includes three components: an account of the normative foundations of human rights; an account of human-rights correlative duties; and an account of the violations of human rights. The account on the normative foundations connects human rights with certain moral principles and shows why those rights might impose obligations to various agents. The account on the corresponding duties uncovers different categories of duties related to human rights and formulates general guidelines for the distribution of these duties. The account on violations lists the conditions that must obtain for something to qualify as a violation of human rights. All these components are reunited in an internationalist conception of responsibility for human rights. According to this conception, human rights serve the dignity of persons. Since the protection of the dignity of persons requires the social world to be designed in a certain way, State agents bear primary responsibility in guaranteeing the human rights of their populations. Notwithstanding that, human rights impose on other non-State agents second order duties to contribute with the capacity of their political institutions to comply with their human rights related obligations. The international community in particular has transnational duties to create the adequate international conditions necessary for every political community to be able to fully realize the human rights of their population. Although these second order duties are derived from human rights, their non-compliance does not amount to a human rights violation.
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Parola, Giulia. "Environmental democracy : rights and duties for a new citizenship." Paris 5, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA05D008.

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La fonction principale de l'État est d'agir au nom de l'intérêt public, du bien-être de la population et du développement économique. L'intérêt public prend avec la crise environnementale une dimension nouvelle qui est celle de la survie du genre humain dans un cadre de développement durable. D'un point de vue juridique émergent une série de questions : de quelle façon le droit, les institutions juridiques et l'organisation politique peuvent-elles empêcher les dommages à l'environnement et la menace d'une destruction des ressources naturelles qui permettent à l'homme de vivre. De quelle manière les États et leurs citoyens peuvent-ils s'organiser pour répondre à la crise environnementale ? Quelle place et quels moyens (juridiques) accorder à la société civile dans ce cadre ? Quelles limites mettre à son action ?La solution devant l'étendue des atteintes à l'environnement d'ores et déjà réalisés pourrait être de construire un nouveau modèle d'État et de modifier le comportement des citoyens. Selon ce modèle, l'État devrait, à chaque fois qu'il assume une décision, considérer et évaluer les possibles répercussions sur l'environnement et, dans le cadre de ce processus d'évaluation et de décision, il lui reviendrait de créer les meilleures conditions de la participation des citoyens. La thèse propose, dans son Chapitre I, de construire une démocratie environnementale d'abord dans une perspective théorique et dans les deux chapitres qui suivent d'étudier dans quelle mesure les structures juridiques actuelles au niveau international et européen ont déjà évolué vers une démocratie environnementale. En particulier, l'objectif du Chapitre I, dans une perspective théorique, a été de cerner le concept de démocratie Environnementale et ses éléments : sa forme, son champ, ses acteurs. Du point de vue de la forme, une démocratie environnementale doit comprendre des éléments dérivant de la démocratie participative et délibérative et en ce qui concerne son champ, il s'agit de construire cette nouvelle démocratie à tous les niveaux: niveau global et niveau local. Ensuite, la thèse a examiné les acteurs de cette démocratie environnementale, individus, associations, et l'analyse s'est concentrée sur les droits et devoirs "environnementaux" qui pourraient contribuer, une fois ceux-ci reconnus, à transformer les comportements des citoyens. A l'aune des résultats du premier chapitre, l'objectif du deuxième chapitre a été d'examiner si et comment, au niveau international il est actuellement tenté de construire une démocratie environnementale au travers des traités internationaux. L'objectif du troisième chapitre, aussi à l'aune des résultats du premier chapitre, a été d'examiner si et comment, au niveau européen il est actuellement tenté de construire une démocratie environnementale au travers la législation communautaire
The idea of an Environmental Democracy comes from the attempt of seeking a theoretical legal solution without twisting the political system and finding a different way to use the democratic concept and tool. In order to achieve this objective. Chapter I "Environmental Democracy: A Theoretical Construction" presents the conceptual building blocks of this thesis' approach, suggesting the possible transformation of the actual political and legal structures into an "Environmental Democracy". Before speaking about the elements - form, space and actors - which compose Environmental Democracy, it is necessary to analyze in Section I of this Chapter, titled "Environmental Democracy", what the notions of "Democracy" and "Environment" in the thesis'prospective encompass. The second point, which is studied in the Section II of Chapter I, called "The Actors of Environmental Democracy: The Environmental and Ecological Citizen". Every individual has to rediscover what environmental rights are, whichcomes from the fact that he exists as a human being and that also without their explicit granting, that those rights nevertheless exist beyond. In the same time, just as with regard to environmental rights, also ecological duties exist beyond any recognition. In other words, from the mere fact that we are alive, we have rights and duties vis-à-vis ourselves and Earth. It is just a status, the life status. Environmental Democracy should be implemented at a global and local level to better answer to global and local environmental problems. In the light of the theoretical construction of Environmental Democracy and its elements, Chapter II, titled "Environmental Democracy in an International Context", examines Environmental Democracy at the global level by referring to international legal instruments and Chapter III, namely "Environmental Democracy in a European Context", examines Environmental Democracy at local level by referring to European Union Law. Both Chapters present therefore a synopsis of the provisions of two branches of law, international law and European Community law, which regulate or concern directly or indirectly the construction of an Environmental Democracy
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RODRIGUES, RODRIGO FERREIRA. "DT 17,14-20: THE DUTIES AND RIGHTS OF THE KING." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2013. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=24846@1.

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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO
A presente dissertação analisa Dt 17,14-20, a Lei do rei, considerando, de forma especial, elementos diacrônicos examinados à luz dos métodos históricocríticos. Essa análise provê a base para os tópicos abordados no comentário. O estudo constata que a lei do rei exibe certos contrastes e semelhanças em relação à História Deuteronomista, particularmente, os relatos sobre Salomão. A lei do rei é, contudo, peculiar em sua forma de avaliar e criticar a tradição. Conclui-se também que os deveres e direitos tratados na lei do rei são essencialmente utópicos, apesar de refletir um conhecimento da realidade histórica da qual emergiram. Além disso, constata-se que Dt 17,14-20 demonstra muita similaridade em seus termos e temas com o restante do livro do Deuteronômio e com a tradição bíblica mais ampla, mas também, revela descontinuidade temática. Como base na inter-relação entre a lei do rei e outras partes do Antigo Testamento, é possível notar que o livro do Deuteronômio nega ao rei os elementos essenciais ao exercício monárquico no Antigo Oriente Próximo.
This dissertation examines Deuteronomy 17,14-20, the law of the king, considering especially diachronic elements examined in the light of historicalcritical methods. This analysis provides the basis for the topics covered in the commentary. The study notes that the law of the king shows some contrasts and similarities between the Deuteronomistic History , particularly the accounts of Solomon. The law of king however is peculiar in its way to evaluate and criticize the tradition. It is concluded that the duties and rights dealt by the law of king are essentially utopian, though it reflects an knowledge of the historical reality of which it emerged. Furthermore, it is noted that Dt 17,14-20 shows much similarity in their terms and themes with the rest of the book of Deuteronomy and the broader biblical tradition, but also reveals thematic discontinuity. Based on the interrelation between the law of king and other parts of the Old Testament, it is possible to note that the book of Deuteronomy denies to the king the essential elements to the monarchial exercise in the Ancient Near East.
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Jewett, Andrea. "Deliberative Duties of Modern Citizens Based on a Historical Examination of Democratic Self-Governance." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2017. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1653.

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I examine the current state of democracy in the United States and how it has evolved from its original, direct form. Present-day problems with democracy emerge in part because of a failure to exercise our autonomy, which is the very basis of our self-governance. To consistently improve the ways in which we organize ourselves in society, I suggest a civil duty to become informed about political issues and engage with others from different backgrounds. Because we exercise reason in order to determine governance, thoughtful deliberation provides opportunities to include more diverse opinions and ideas in political decision-making. I outline an ideal deliberative democracy that would better serve the interests of the constituents given the uniqueness of today’s challenges. To explore the value of deliberation, I examine Immanuel Kant’s text “What is Enlightenment?” and Michel Foucault’s text in response to Kant. I argue that if deliberation is carried out with intention, citizens in a democracy can help strengthen the system by fulfilling duties of civility. Foucault’s historicocritical examination of ourselves reinstates our autonomy and allows an emergence from a state of immaturity. Recognition of our condition in the present day is, I will argue, an achievement of progress towards a dynamic conception of personal and collective enlightenment.
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Lazar, Seth. "War and associative duties." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2009. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:476611b8-6b9a-4aaf-a756-e7bae3420d90.

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Combatants in war inflict untold devastation. They lay waste the environment, destroy cultural heritage, wound, maim, and kill. Most importantly, they kill. These deeds would be, in any other context, paradigmatically unjust. This thesis asks whether they can be justi-fied. There are two possible approaches: first, deny that killing in war is in fact unjust; sec-ond, argue that the injustice is overridden by weightier moral reasons. In Part I, I reject the view that principles of self-defence can render killing in war just. I argue that the most plausible theories of self-defence are hardest to apply in the cha-otic context of war, while the most practicable theories are least philosophically defensible. Moreover, none of them encompasses the inevitable noncombatant deaths that all wars bring. If killing in war is almost always unjust, perhaps we should advocate pacifism. In Part II, I propose an alternative, arguing that these injustices might be all things con-sidered justified. Combatants have morally important relationships: they have deep personal relationships with friends and family, and comrades-in-arms; if they are citizens of just communities, then that relationship is valuable too. I argue that they have associative duties to protect these relationships against the threat posed by war, and that these duties may override the injustices they must commit to avert that threat. After defending a conception of associative duties, I support this conclusion with the following argument. As well as our general duties not to harm, we have general duties to protect. Our general duties to protect sometimes override our general duties not to harm, in particular, in cases of justified humanitarian intervention. Our associative duties to protect, however, are stronger than our general duties to protect. If our associative duties to protect are stronger than our general duties to protect, and our general duties to protect can override our general duties not to harm, then our associative duties to protect should also be able to override our general duties not to harm.
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Malila, Mumba. "The place of individuals? duties in international human rights law : perspectives from the African human rights system." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/60063.

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Some worry has been expressed in human rights circles that the human rights archetype has for some time now, disproportionately preoccupied itself with the culture of rights and claims at the expense of individuals? duties and responsibilities. A claim is made that while rights are individualistic, self-seeking, unworldly, self-indulgent and anti-social, individual duties and responsibilities are collective, social, humane, nuanced and associated with correct traditional and social behaviour and human values. The language of rights has dominated the texts of bills of rights in constitutions, and international instruments, and many view this rhetoric as unproblematic. Others, however, consider the currency of that language as overlooking, with dire consequences to human society, the concept of duty as the missing link of human dignity. There have, accordingly, been calls for a renewed focus on individual duties and responsibilities in the human rights discourse. The question is whether focussing on individual responsibility is necessary to counterbalance what is viewed by some as a bias towards rights. Efforts to raise international consciousness of what is regarded as the limitation of a purely rights-based approach to human rights has been spearheaded by, among others, faith based organisations. These have advocated not only a more visible recognition of individual duties and responsibilities generally, but an international declaration of human responsibilities as a ?common standard for all people and all nations.? The calls being made are premised on, first, a view that a device in the form of an international declaration ? a set of international rules ? should be developed to change the current human rights architecture. This code of ethical obligations is necessary to guide and change individual behaviour. Second, a belief that greater emphasis should be laid on individual duty responsibility to supplement existing international human rights norms and standards, and finally, that human rights principles alone are inadequate for modern societies to regulate themselves well. With particular reference to perspectives from the African Charter based human rights system, this project interrogates these concerns regarding duties with a view to ascertaining whether there is justification in them. Using as a reference point the concept of duties in the African Charter and to a small extent that in the African Children's Charter, which represents the older ii and more established part of the African human rights system, the project concludes that although individuals? duties are important and deserve greater attention, there is no convincing case for the calls that are being made in this regard.
Thesis (LLD)--University of Pretoria, 2017.
Centre for Human Rights
LLD
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Schrijver, Nico. "Sovereignty over natural resources: balancing rights and duties in an interdependent world." [S.l. : [Groningen] : s.n.] ; [University Library Groningen] [Host], 1995. http://irs.ub.rug.nl/ppn/128220244.

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Books on the topic "Citizens' rights and duties"

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War and morality: Citizens' rights and duties. Jefferson, N.C: McFarland & Company, 2012.

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Shuvalova, Irina. Protecting the rights of parents. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1225055.

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This manual analyzes the theoretical and practical aspects of protecting the rights of parents. The issues of protecting the rights of parents in the field of education, in the performance of work duties, in the event of divorce and the legal consequences of this procedure are highlighted. The grounds and amounts of state payments to families with children are given. The article considers the procedure for adoption and establishing the origin of children, the procedure for deprivation and restriction of parental rights, taking into account the practice of application. It is addressed to those citizens who are already parents or plan to become them in the future, and is intended to help ensure that they protect their rights and the rights of their child.
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Immigrants' rights, citizens' rights. New York: PowerKids Press, 2015.

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Constitutional equality, a right of woman, or a consideration of the various relations which she sustains as a necessary part of the body of society and humanity; with her duties to herself - together with a review of the constitution of the United States, showing that the rights to vote is guaranteed to all citizens. Also a review of the rights of children. Clark, NJ: Lawbook Exchange, Ltd., 2008.

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Venkataramiah, E. S. Citizenship, rights and duties. Bangalore: B.V. Naga Publishers, 1988.

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Jha, R. C. A citizen's legal power and obligation: A book for the people of India embodying their fundamental rights and duties under the constitution and their legal obligations, and powers to arrest. New Delhi, India: Swan Publishers, 1994.

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Bruce, Martha. Rights and duties of directors. London: Butterworth, 1998.

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Lowe, Chris. Teachers' rights, duties and responsibilities. 6th ed. Kingston upon Thames: Croner.CCH, 2002.

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Teachers' rights, duties and reponsibilities. 4th ed. Kingston upon Thames: Croner.CCH, 2000.

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Lowe, Christopher. Teachers' rights, duties and reponsibilities. 2nd ed. Kingston upon Thames: Croner, 1998.

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Book chapters on the topic "Citizens' rights and duties"

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Petersmann, Ernst-Ulrich. "Rights and Duties of States and Rights and Duties of Their Citizens." In Recht zwischen Umbruch und Bewahrung, 1087–128. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57785-7_65.

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Guichard, Justine. "Reviewing the Exigencies of National Defense: Citizens’ War-Related Rights and Duties." In Regime Transition and the Judicial Politics of Enmity, 143–66. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137531575_7.

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Bellamy, Richard. "Balancing the Rights of European Citizenship with Duties Towards National Citizens: An Inter-National Perspective." In IMISCOE Research Series, 239–44. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89905-3_42.

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McNeill, Patrick. "Citizens’ Rights." In Society Today 2, 120–22. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-12065-9_40.

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Parker, Julia. "Rights and Duties." In Citizenship, Work and Welfare, 3–13. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230504721_1.

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Boot, Eric R. "Duties and Rights." In Human Duties and the Limits of Human Rights Discourse, 39–76. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-66957-1_3.

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Brown, Les. "Rights and Duties." In Justice, Morality and Education, 73–104. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-18002-8_3.

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MacCormick, Neil. "Wrongs and Duties." In Rights and Reason, 139–55. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9403-5_9.

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Risley, Amy. "Children’s Rights Are Human Rights." In The Youngest Citizens, 10–26. New York, NY : Routledge, 2019. | Series: Latin american tâopicosIdentifiers: LCCN 2019008975| ISBN 9781138745407 (hardback) | ISBN 9781138745438 (pbk.): Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315167824-2.

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Griffin, James. "Human Rights: Whose Duties?" In Human Rights and the Moral Responsibilities of Corporate and Public Sector Organisations, 31–43. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-2361-8_3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Citizens' rights and duties"

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Orlova, A. A. "On the concept and principles of legal (special) guarantees fundamental rights, freedoms and duties of man and citizen." In Scientific Trends: Law. ЦНК МОАН, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/spc-20-07-2019-04.

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Nurjanah, N., A. Fauzan, R. Dewi Lestyorini, I. Ammanaturrakhmah, Rogibah, T. Noviyanto, and Farihiyah. "Gender and Women’s Citizens Rights." In 1st Paris Van Java International Seminar on Health, Economics, Social Science and Humanities (PVJ-ISHESSH 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210304.124.

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Питулько, Ксения Викторовна. "Some Problems of Protection of Citizens' Constitutional Rights." In Актуальные вопросы развития российской государственности и публичного права. Санкт-Петербургский институт (филиал) федерального государственного бюджетного образовательного учреждения высшего образования "Всероссийский государственный университет юстиции (РПА Минюста России)", 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.47645/978-5-9908298-7-9_2017_25.

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Ash, Elliott, Jeff Jacobs, Bentley MacLeod, Suresh Naidu, and Dominik Stammbach. "Unsupervised Extraction of Workplace Rights and Duties from Collective Bargaining Agreements." In 2020 International Conference on Data Mining Workshops (ICDMW). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icdmw51313.2020.00112.

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Shuaib, Farid Sufian. "The Pandemic and the Notion of Duties and Responsibilities Under Human Rights." In 1st International Conference on Law and Human Rights 2020 (ICLHR 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210506.002.

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Skopenko, O. R. "Judicial protection of the rights of citizens in need of residential premises." In TRENDS OF DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENCE AND EDUCATION. НИЦ «Л-Журнал», 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/lj-07-2018-40.

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Pitulko, Kseniya Viktorovna. "Some problems limiting the constitutional rights of citizens in the Russian legislation." In Актуальные вопросы развития российской государственности и публичного права. Санкт-Петербургский институт (филиал) федерального государственного бюджетного образовательного учреждения высшего образования "Всероссийский государственный университет юстиции (РПА Минюста России)", 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.47645/978-5-9908298-2-4_2016_201.

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Barasheva, Elena V., Alexey S. Stepanenko, Elena L. Vlasova, and Irina I. Zedgenizova. "Realization of Citizens' Constitutional Rights to Freedom of Expression and Artistic Freedom." In Proceedings of the International Conference "Topical Problems of Philology and Didactics: Interdisciplinary Approach in Humanities and Social Sciences" (TPHD 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/tphd-18.2019.10.

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Kopnina, O. O. "PROBLEMS OF LEGISLATIVE ENSURING THE RIGHTS TO EDUCATION OF THE DEAF CITIZENS." In XIV International Social Congress. Russian State Social University, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15216/rgsu-xiv-233.

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Ганаева, Есита Эминовна. "ISSUES OF RESTORING SEPARATE RIGHTS OF THE REHABILITATED." In Наука. Исследования. Практика: сборник избранных статей по материалам Международной научной конференции (Санкт-Петербург, Декабрь 2020). Crossref, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37539/srp294.2020.54.56.021.

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В статье рассмотрены вопросы восстановления отдельных прав реабилитированного, процесс восстановления трудовых прав граждан, имеющих право на реабилитацию. The article considers the issues of restoration of individual rights of the rehabilitated person, the process of restoration of labor rights of citizens who have the right to rehabilitation.
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Reports on the topic "Citizens' rights and duties"

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Ferreiro, Maria de Fátima. Land and Law: Reciprocal Rights and Duties in Private Property. DINÂMIA'CET-IUL, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.7749/dinamiacet-iul.wp.2006.55.

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S. Abdellatif, Omar. Localizing Human Rights SDGs: Ghana in context. Raisina House, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52008/gh2021sdg.

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In September 2015, Ghana along all UN member states endorsed the Agenda 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as the cardinal agenda towards achieving a prosperous global future. The SDGs are strongly interdependent, making progress in all goals essential for a country’s achievement of sustainable development. While Ghana and other West African nations have exhibited significant economic and democratic development post-independence. The judiciary system and related legal frameworks, as well as the lack of rule law and political will for safeguarding the human rights of its citizens, falls short of considering violations against minorities. Will Ghana be able to localize human rights related SDGs, given that West African governments historically tended to promote internal security and stability at the expense of universal human rights? This paper focuses on evaluating the commitments made by Ghana towards achieving Agenda 2030, with a particular focus on the SDGs 10 and 16 relating to the promotion of reduced inequalities, peace, justice and accountable institutions. Moreover, this paper also analyzes legal instruments and state laws put in place post Ghana’s democratization in 1992 for the purpose of preventing discrimination and human rights violations in the nation. The article aims to highlight how Ghana’s post-independence political experience, the lack of rule of law, flaws in the judiciary system, and the weak public access to justice are obstacles to its effective localization of human rights SGDs. Those obstacles to Ghana’s compliance with SDGs 10 and 16 are outlined in this paper through a consideration of human rights violations faced by the Ghanaian Muslim and HIV minorities, poor prison conditions, limited public access to justice and the country’s failure to commit to international treaties on human rights. Keywords: Ghana, human rights, rule of law, security, Agenda 2030
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Jones, Emily, Beatriz Kira, Anna Sands, and Danilo B. Garrido Alves. The UK and Digital Trade: Which way forward? Blavatnik School of Government, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-wp-2021/038.

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The internet and digital technologies are upending global trade. Industries and supply chains are being transformed, and the movement of data across borders is now central to the operation of the global economy. Provisions in trade agreements address many aspects of the digital economy – from cross-border data flows, to the protection of citizens’ personal data, and the regulation of the internet and new technologies like artificial intelligence and algorithmic decision-making. The UK government has identified digital trade as a priority in its Global Britain strategy and one of the main sources of economic growth to recover from the pandemic. It wants the UK to play a leading role in setting the international standards and regulations that govern the global digital economy. The regulation of digital trade is a fast-evolving and contentious issue, and the US, European Union (EU), and China have adopted different approaches. Now that the UK has left the EU, it will need to navigate across multiple and often conflicting digital realms. The UK needs to decide which policy objectives it will prioritise, how to regulate the digital economy domestically, and how best to achieve its priorities when negotiating international trade agreements. There is an urgent need to develop a robust, evidence-based approach to the UK’s digital trade strategy that takes into account the perspectives of businesses, workers, and citizens, as well as the approaches of other countries in the global economy. This working paper aims to inform UK policy debates by assessing the state of play in digital trade globally. The authors present a detailed analysis of five policy areas that are central to discussions on digital trade for the UK: cross-border data flows and privacy; internet access and content regulation; intellectual property and innovation; e-commerce (including trade facilitation and consumer protection); and taxation (customs duties on e-commerce and digital services taxes). In each of these areas the authors compare and contrast the approaches taken by the US, EU and China, discuss the public policy implications, and examine the choices facing the UK.
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Lyzanchuk, Vasyl. COMMUNICATIVE SYNERGY OF UKRAINIAN NATIONAL VALUES IN THE CONTEXT OF THE RUSSIAN HYBRID WAR. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.49.11077.

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The author characterized the Ukrainian national values, national interests and national goals. It is emphasized that national values are conceptual, ideological bases, consolidating factors, important life guidelines on the way to effective protection of Ukraine from Russian aggression and building a democratic, united Ukrainian state. Author analyzes the functioning of the mass media in the context of educational propaganda of individual, social and state values, the dominant core of which are patriotism, human rights and freedoms, social justice, material and spiritual wealth of Ukrainians, natural resources, morality, peace, religiosity, benevolence, national security, constitutional order. These key national values are a strong moral and civic core, a life-giving element, a self-affirming synergy, which on the basis of homogeneity binds the current Ukrainian society with the ancestors and their centuries-old material and spiritual heritage. Attention is focused on the fact that the current problem of building the Ukrainian state and protecting it from the brutal Moscow invaders is directly dependent on the awareness of all citizens of the essence of national values, national interests, national goals and filling them with the meaning of life, charitable socio-political life. It is emphasized that the missionary vocation of journalists to orient readers and listeners to the meaningful choice of basic national values, on the basis of which Ukrainian citizens, regardless of nationality together they will overcome the external Moscow and internal aggression of the pro-Russian fifth column, achieve peace, return the Ukrainian territories seized by the Kremlin imperialists and, in agreement will build Ukrainian Ukraine.
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Bedford, Philip, Alexis Long, Thomas Long, Erin Milliken, Lauren Thomas, and Alexis Yelvington. Legal Mechanisms for Mitigating Flood Impacts in Texas Coastal Communities. Edited by Gabriel Eckstein. Texas A&M University School of Law Program in Natural Resources Systems, May 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.37419/eenrs.mitigatingfloodimpactstx.

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Flooding is a major source of concern for Texas’ coastal communities. It affects the quality of infrastructure, the lives of citizens, and the ecological systems upon which coastal communities in Texas rely. To plan for and mitigate the impacts of flooding, Texas coastal communities may implement land use tools such as zoning, drainage utility systems, eminent domain, exactions, and easements. Additionally, these communities can benefit from understanding how flooding affects water quality and the tools available to restore water bodies to healthy water quality levels. Finally, implementing additional programs for education and ecotourism will help citizens develop knowledge of the impacts of flooding and ways to plan and mitigate for coastal flooding. Land use tools can help communities plan for and mitigate flooding. Section III addresses zoning, a land use tool that most municipalities already utilize to organize development. Zoning can help mitigate flooding, drainage, and water quality issues, which, Texas coastal communities continually battle. Section IV discusses municipal drainage utility systems, which are a mechanism available to municipalities to generate dedicated funds that can help offset costs associated with providing stormwater management. Section V addresses land use and revenue-building tools such as easements, eminent domain, and exactions, which are vital for maintaining existing and new developments in Texas coastal communities. Additionally, Section VI addresses conservation easements, which are a flexible tool that can enhance community resilience through increasing purchase power, establishing protected legal rights, and minimizing hazardous flood impacts. Maintaining good water quality is important for sustaining the diverse ecosystems located within and around Texas coastal communities. Water quality is regulated at the federal level through the Clean Water Act. As discussed in Section VII, the state of Texas is authorized to implement and enforce these regulations by implementing point source and nonpoint source pollutants programs, issuing permits, implementing stormwater discharge programs, collecting water quality data, and setting water quality standards. The state of Texas also assists local communities with implementing restorative programs, such as Watershed Protection Programs, to help local stakeholders restore impaired water bodies. Section VIII addresses ecotourism and how these distinct economic initiatives can help highlight the importance of ecosystem services to local communities. Section VIX discusses the role of education in improving awareness within the community and among visitors, and how making conscious decisions can allow coastal communities to protect their ecosystem and protect against flooding.
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Kelly, Luke. Lessons Learned on Cultural Heritage Protection in Conflict and Protracted Crisis. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.068.

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This rapid review examines evidence on the lessons learned from initiatives aimed at embedding better understanding of cultural heritage protection within international monitoring, reporting and response efforts in conflict and protracted crisis. The report uses the terms cultural property and cultural heritage interchangeably. Since the signing of the Hague Treaty in 1954, there has bee a shift from 'cultural property' to 'cultural heritage'. Culture is seen less as 'property' and more in terms of 'ways of life'. However, in much of the literature and for the purposes of this review, cultural property and cultural heritage are used interchangeably. Tangible and intangible cultural heritage incorporates many things, from buildings of globally recognised aesthetic and historic value to places or practices important to a particular community or group. Heritage protection can be supported through a number of frameworks international humanitarian law, human rights law, and peacebuilding, in addition to being supported through networks of the cultural and heritage professions. The report briefly outlines some of the main international legal instruments and approaches involved in cultural heritage protection in section 2. Cultural heritage protection is carried out by national cultural heritage professionals, international bodies and non-governmental organisations (NGOs) as well as citizens. States and intergovernmental organisations may support cultural heritage protection, either bilaterally or by supporting international organisations. The armed forces may also include the protection of cultural heritage in some operations in line with their obligations under international law. In the third section, this report outlines broad lessons on the institutional capacity and politics underpinning cultural protection work (e.g. the strength of legal protections; institutional mandates; production and deployment of knowledge; networks of interested parties); the different approaches were taken; the efficacy of different approaches; and the interface between international and local approaches to heritage protection.
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