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Academic literature on the topic 'Citrate solutions'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2025

Last updated: 20 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Citrate solutions"

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Javadova, S. P., V. A. Majidzade, S. F. Jafarova, T. A. Aliyev, A. Sh Aliyev, and D. B. Tagiyev. "ELECTROCHEMICAL BEHAVIOR OF BISMUTH IONS IN CITRATE SOLUTIONS." Azerbaijan Chemical Journal, no. 4 (November 14, 2023): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.32737/0005-2531-2023-4-5-12.

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The scientific paper is devoted to the electrochemical reduction of bismuth ions from citrate electrolytes. The kinetics and mechanism of the process and the influence of various factors on the electroreduction process of bismuth ions were studied by recording cyclic and linear polarization curves on Pt, Ni and Ni/Bi electrodes. The effective activation energy and diffusion coefficient were calculated according to the obtained data. The results of the calculation show that the electroreduction process of the bismuth ions from citrate solutions is accompanied by diffusion polarization

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Apelblat, Alexander, and Emanuel Manzurola. "Volumetric properties of aqueous solutions with citrate ions – Trilithium citrate and triammonium citrate." Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics 100 (September 2016): 198–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jct.2016.04.020.

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Djokić, Stojan. "Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of Silver Citrate Complexes." Bioinorganic Chemistry and Applications 2008 (2008): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/436458.

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Formation of silver citrate/citric acid complexed solutions was investigated. Although, silver citrate is minimally soluble in water, it can successfully be dissolved in citric acid solutions. The maximum concentration of Ag(I) in solution is estimated at 23 to 25 g/L if the concentration of citric acid is at least 4 mol/L or higher. The dissolution of silver citrate in citric acid solutions was attributed to the formation of silver citrate complexes of a general formula[Ag3(C6H5O7)n+1]3n−. The silver citrate/citric acid solutions, containing more than about 13 g/LAg+ion, have exhibited a decrease in Ag(I) concentration in solution over time, due to crystallization. The crystallization product was attributed to the formation of[Ag3C6H5O7]x⋅nH2O. Importantly, the diluted silver citrate/citric acid complexed solutions have exhibited very strong bacteriostatic and bactericidal activities.

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Dam, W. van, A. Sturk, R. M. Bertina, and A. M. H. P. van den Besselaar. "Prothrombin Time Ratio Is Reduced by Magnesium Contamination in Evacuated Blood Collection Tubes." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 85, no. 04 (2001): 647–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1615647.

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SummaryMagnesium ions were detected in sodium citrate solutions in several lots of evacuated blood collection tubes. The mean concentrations ranged between 1.3 and 1.6 mmol/L. Magnesium was also present in the rubber stoppers of the blood collection tubes and could be leached into the citrate solution. It was shown that magnesium added to citrated plasma shortened the prothrombin time of both coumarin and normal plasma. The effect of magnesium was relatively greater on coumarin than on normal plasma resulting in reduced prothrombin time ratio. Shortening of the prothrombin time was also observed when magnesium chloride was added to dialysed plasma, i.e., in the absence of citrate. These results indicate that magnesium contamination can interfere with accurate INR determination in the control of oral anticoagulant therapy.

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Zárate-Gutiérrez, R., and G. T. Lapidus. "Anglesite (PbSO4) leaching in citrate solutions." Hydrometallurgy 144-145 (April 2014): 124–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hydromet.2014.02.003.

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Klishchova, Zh E. "Study of the properties of nanoparticles of Ag and Zn citrates." Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies 22, no. 100 (2020): 50–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet10009.

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The use of nanomaterials has become especially relevant as components of new drugs, adjuvants and new ingredients in feed additives. The very combination of inorganic components (metals) with natural minerals (сeolites, clenoptolites) made it possible to create fundamentally new chemical compounds that differ significantly in the mechanism of action and their physicochemical characteristics from traditionally used drugs for the treatment of bacterial diseases of poultry. The practical application of the composition involves the use of small sizes of nanoparticles that are in the “nanoscale” from 1 to 100 nm. Our article contains the results of studies of Ag and Zn nanomaterials in combination with citrate in the form of powder and dispersed solutions. As a result of scanning electron microscopy, it was found that the studied sample of Ag and Zn nanoparticles is a gray powder of monocrystalline particles of irregular shape, the size of which varies from 160 to 350 nm. Particles of three sizes were most often found among Ag and Zn citrates, namely: 160 nm – 45 %, 210 nm – 35 %, 350 nm – 20 %. Studying the bactericidal properties of dispersed solutions of Ag and Zn citrates on microbial suspensions of test cultures of Escherichia coli (ser.O2), Salmonella typhimurium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus epidermidis, we found that Ag citrate showed better bactericidal properties in relation to all experimental test cultures of Escherichia coli (ser.O2), Salmonella typhimurium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus epidermidis, in contrast to the citrate solution Zn, which was only effective against Escherichia coli (ser.O2), and Staphylococcus epidermidis.

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Khoma, R. E., T. S. Bіenkovska, L. T. Osadchiy, and Yu V. Ishkov. "CITRIC ACID–SODIUM CITRATE–WATER SOLUTIONS ACID-BASE AND ELECTROCHEMICAL BEHAVIOR." Odesa National University Herald. Chemistry 28, no. 2(85) (2023): 33–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.18524/2304-0947.2023.2(85).286600.

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The protolytic equilibria in the system citric acid (H3Cit)–sodium citrate (Na3Cit)–water at a total content of citrates forms (citric acid, dihydrocitrate (H2Cit-), hydrocitrate (HCit2-) and citrate (Cit3-) anions) 1.0 mol/l have been studied by pH- and conductometric methods in the temperature range 293 ÷ 313 K. The first concentration ranges at which pH – lg(νH3Cit/νNa3Cit) and κ – CNa+/Ccit functions are linear correspond to the H3Cit/H2Cit- buffer system; the second ones – to H3Cit/H2Cit- and H2Cit-/HCit2-; the third ones to – HCit2-/Cit3- buffer system. The investigated solutions ion-molecular composition and ionic strength (m, mol/l) have been calculated using the mathematical model taking into account the law of mass action, material balance for citrates and electrical neutrality principle. The ionic strength concentration dependences have a complex character due to the ion-molecular composition multicomponent nature for the studied solutions. The ionic strength values are directly proportional to the ratio [Na+]/CCit in the concentration intervals 0 ≤ [Na+]/CCit ≤ 1.0 and 2.0 ≤ [Na+]/CCit ≤ 3.0. In the concentration range 1.0 ≤ [Na+]/CCit ≤ 2.0, the values of m = 1.15 ± 0.27 mol/l) weakly depend on the [Na+]/CCit ratio and practically do not depend on temperature. Citric acid concentration and thermodynamic constants for the first, second, and third dissociation stages have been determined. The obtained data on the acid-base and electrochemical characteristics of the solutions HOC3H4(COOH)3 – HOC3H4(COONa)3 – H2O(СCit = 1.0 mol/l; СNa+ = 0 ÷ 1.0 mol/l) can be used in chemical analysis, microbiological and biochemical studies, and the acidity data of the solutions studied can simulate chemisorption of acidic (SO2) and/or basic (NH3) gases.

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Khoma, R. E., T. S. Bienkovska, A. A. Oshmarina, et al. "SODIUM, MONOETHANOLAMMONIUM AND POLYETHYLENE POLYAMMONIUM CITRATES AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS ELECTROCHEMICAL PROPERTIES." Odesa National University Herald. Chemistry 29, no. 1(87) (2024): 99–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.18524/2304-0947.2024.1(87).307870.

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pH and conductometric study of aqueous (0.1 ÷ 9.0)⋅10-3 mol/l solutions of sodium (Na3Cit), monoethanolammonium (H3Cit⋅3MEA) and polyethylenepolyammonium (kH3Cit⋅3PEPA) citrates was carried out. Features of the electrochemical behavior of monoethanolamine and polyethylenepolamine ammonium citrates aqueous solutions were revealed in comparison with Na3Cit. As the temperature increases from 293 to 303 K, the pH values and Na3Cit solutions molar electrical conductivity increase. Due to hydrolytic processes, when diluting H3Cit⋅3MEA solutions, a change in pH is observed from slightly acidic to slightly alkaline, in contrast to Na3Cit. An increase in temperature (in the region of 293–308 K) leads to an increase in the medium acidity, in contrast to sodium citrate solutions, which is accompanied by an atypical decrease in molar electrical conductivity at the same H3Cit⋅3MEA content. It has been shown that an increase in temperature in the range of 293-308 K leads to a decrease in H3Cit⋅3MEA aqueous solutions pH, in contrast to Na3Cit and kH3Cit⋅3PEPA solutions, which is accompanied by an atypical decrease in molar electrical conductivity at the same H3Cit⋅3MEA content. The component composition of Na3Cit, H3Cit⋅3MEA and kH3Cit⋅3PEPA aqueous solutions was calculated. The probability of the existence of negatively charged ion-molecular complexes in H3Cit⋅3MEA and kH3Cit⋅3PEPA aqueous solutions is shown. The concentration and temperature dependence of citrate ions hydrolysis constant was obtained. The concentration and temperature dependence of these complexes was assessed. The atypical negative effect of heating on H3Cit⋅3MEA aqueous solutions molar electrical conductivity is associated with a change in the radius of the ion-molecular complex and its stability. The value of the limiting molar electrical conductivity of sodium, monoethanolammonium and polyethylenepolyammonium citrates aqueous solutions in the range of 293–313 K was estimated. Correlations were revealed between the values of the limiting electrical conductivity and ion-molecular complexes formation constants in H3Cit⋅PEPA aqueous solutions. The values of energy, enthalpy and entropy of activation of molar electrical conductivities of aqueous solutions were calculated. For the solutions studied, compensation effects were noted in the activation parameters of molar electrical conductivity.

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Zhang, Huiping, Shuyue Wang, and Zhonghui Ou. "Analytical solutions of citrate–phosphate coupled model of rice (Oryza sativa L.) roots." International Journal of Biomathematics 13, no. 07 (2020): 2050061. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793524520500618.

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The citrate secreted by the rice (Oryza sativa L.) roots will promote the absorption of phosphate, and this process is described by the Kirk model. In our work, the Kirk model is divided into citrate sub-model and phosphate sub-model. In the citrate sub-model, we obtain the analytical solution of citrate with the Laplace transform, inverse Laplace transform and convolution theorem. The citrate solution is substituted into the phosphate sub-model, and the analytical solution of phosphate is obtained by the separation variable method. The existence of the solutions can be proved by the comparison test, the Weierstrass M-test and the Abel discriminating method.

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Vavrusova, Martina, André C. Garcia, Bente P. Danielsen, and Leif H. Skibsted. "Spontaneous supersaturation of calcium citrate from simultaneous isothermal dissolution of sodium citrate and sparingly soluble calcium hydroxycarboxylates in water." RSC Advances 7, no. 6 (2017): 3078–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra25807g.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Citrate solutions"

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Meuleman, Wouter R. A. "Electrodeposition and characterisation of Ni/Cu nanostructured multilayers from citrate solutions." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.248298.

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Chang, Xiaojun. "Spectral and Physicochemical Characteristics of nC60 in Aqueous Solutions." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/77152.

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Despite its extremely low solubility in water, fullerite C₆₀ can form colloidally stable aqueous suspensions containing nanoscale C₆₀ particles (nC₆₀) when it is subject to contact with water. nC₆₀ is the primary fullerene form following its release to the environment. The aim of the present study was to provide fundamental insights into the properties and environmental impacts of nC₆₀. nC₆₀ suspensions containing negatively charged and heterogeneous nanoparticles were produced via extended mixing in the presence and absence of citrate and other carboxylates. These low-molecular weight acids were employed as simple surrogates of natural organic matter. The properties of nC₆₀ were characterized using dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and UV-Vis spectroscopy. nC₆₀ produced in the presence of carboxylate differs from that produced in water alone (aq/nC₆₀) with respect to surface charge, average particle size, interfacial properties, and UV-Vis spectroscopic characteristics. Importantly, regularly shaped (spheres, triangles, squares, and nano-rods) nC₆₀ nanoparticles were observed in carboxylate solutions, but not in water alone. This observation indicates that a carboxylate-mediated 'bottom-up' process occurs in the presence of carboxylates. Changes in the UV-Vis spectra over time indicate that reactions between C₆₀ and water or other constituents in water never stop, potentially leading to significant morphologic changes during storage or as a result of simple dilution. These results suggest that studies examining the transport, fate, and environmental impacts of nC₆₀ should take the constituents of natural waters into consideration and that careful examination on the properties of the tested nC₆₀ should be conducted prior to and during each study.<br>Ph. D.

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Jelena, Cvejanov. "Doprinos odsumporavanju otpadnih gasova citratnim postupkom." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Tehnološki fakultet Novi Sad, 2002. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=71465&source=NDLTD&language=en.

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<strong>Apstrakt je obrađen tehnologijama za optičko prepoznavanje teksta (OCR).</strong>Sumporni oksidi najče&scaron;će prisutni polutanti u atmosferi direktno utiču na zdravlje Ijudi i stvaranje kiselih ki&scaron;a ugrožavajući ekosistem. Razvijen je veliki proj postupaka odsumporavanja otpadnih gasova, dok je u naj&scaron;iroj upotrebi mokri neregenerativni postupak apsorpcije koji koristi jeftine hemikalije, kreč ili krečnjak. Zbog toga se posebna pažnja posvečuje i ispitivanju regenerativnih postupaka kod kojih se apsorpciono sredstvo delimično ili u potpunosti regeneri&scaron;e, a pri čemu su gubici apsorpcionog fluida zanemarljivi. Postupak sa limunskom kiselinom upravo ispunjava poslednji zahtev. Ostale prednosti ovog postupka su fleksibilnost, bez prisustva koplikovanih procesnih postupaka, mali oksidacioni gubici sumpor dioksida i netoksičnost reagensa.Pri projektovanju kolone za odsumporavanje otpadnih gasova neophodno je poznavanje ravnotežnih podatka para-tečnost, hidrodinamičkih parametara (pad pritiska i količina zadržane tečnosti) i prenosa mase kao jednog od direktnih pokazatelja brzine apsorpcije ili ukupne brzine reakcije.Izveden je matematički model ravnoteže za predvidjanje ravnotežnog parcijalnog pritiska sumpor dioksida iznad vodenog rastvora natrijum citrata za ceo opseg pH vrednosti pufera i temperature na osnovu eksperimentalnih vrednosti. Zaustavnom metodom je odredjena količina zadržane tečnosti u koloni. Analizirane su jednačine date u literaturi za predvidjanje pada pritiska i zapreminskih koeficijenata prenosa mase i odabrane one koje se mogu primeniti na odabrani sistem sumpor dioksid/citratni pufer.Na osnovu eksperimentalnih podataka para-tečnost, hidrodinamičkih parametara i odabranih jednačina za prenos mase, izvr&scaron;en je proračun visine apsorpcione kolone sa Raschigovim prstenovima za izdvajanje sumpor dioksida iz otpadnog gasa i pokazano je da pad pritiska za eksperimentalno primenjene protoke gasa i tečnosti odgovara literaturno predloženom opsegu.<br><strong>Abstract was processed by technology for Optical character recognition (OCR).</strong>Control of sulfur dioxide emission has a relatively long history, especially in major industrial countries due to its common occurence and harmful effects. A number of dry and wet process comprising regenerable and throw-away process were investigated, but the wet throw-away process become the most widely accepted. The use of the flue gas desulphurization process with sodium citrate solution is recommended, as it is found that sodium citrate meets the specific needs of reversible sulphur dioxide absorption to buffer range as well as its capacity, chemical and physical stability.Packed columns are widely used in the chemical industry for gas/liquid mass and heat transfer operations and they have found special use in small fractionating towers. Their use has also been found to be advantageous where corrosion control is essential. Fundamental steps necessary for design of absorption column for sulfur dioxide removal are:- determination of vapor-liguid eguiiibrium data for the citrate buffer,- determination of hydrodynamic parameters, i.e. holdup and pressure drop,- determination gas-liquid mass transfer coefficients.On the basis of the experimentally determined vapour pressures data, a model of the gas- equilibria was formulated. Holdups were measured for air/sodium citrate solution using the draining method. Also, literature-proposed eguations for determination of pressure drop, volumetric liquid-phase and gas-phase mass transfer coefficient in packed column were presented and chosen those that could be applied to flue gas/citrate puffer system. Therefore, on the base of obtained results the preposition for the design of packed column is presented.

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Dias, Julio César Oliveira. "Adição de ringer lactato, citrato de sódio 2,92% e solução tris em sêmen caprino descongelado." Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2010. http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/5652.

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Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T13:54:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 289860 bytes, checksum: d97d6956fc0d5d33352d2b0b1f1b87c8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-07-16<br>Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico<br>The experiment was performed at the Caprinocutura Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Viçosa, in Viçosa-MG. The goal was to add in the thawing of goat semen, solutions of Ringer's lactate, sodium citrate and 2.92% and TRIS solution to verify the stability and persistence of sperm motility and strength as well as changes in the plasma membrane. Semen was collected from adult male goats were healthy with history of normal fertility, during the natural breeding season (March-April 2010). We evaluated the physical characteristics of semen at collection and the thawing of straws, which have undergone a process of cooling medium. Even after thawing were performed three additional tests: test of heat resistance (TTR), supravital and bonding sperm in egg yolk. All average values for fresh semen as the volume (mL), motility (%), strength (0-5), sperm concentration (x10 9 total) and morphology (% normal) were consistent with that recommended by the Brazilian College of Animal Reproduction (CBRA), being 1.0 ± 0.04, 83.1 ± 0.54 3.9 ± 0.08, 3.3 ± 0.2 and 90.8 ± 0.85, respectively. The parameters motility (33.1 ± 1.8%) and strength (3.0 ± 0.1) semen analysis in the post-thawing (5 minutes) also attended what is established by CBRA the beginning of the TTR, but the period of survival of semen did not exceed 90 minutes after thawing, decreasing sharply over time. The treatment control was the with highest motility after thawing (42.2 ± 2.0) and the treatment received the TRIS solution showed greater persistence (90 minutes) and less abrupt decline in motility parameters and force in relation to other treatments. In all treatments, after 30 minutes of TTR, the parameters were lower than those recommended by the CBRA. One possible explanation for the TRIS solution have allowed persistence and less abrupt decline in motility and strength parameters may bedue to the increase in volume and dilution of the elements that could be being toxic to sperm (free radicals) and also the addition of fructose ( substratro energy), TRIS and citric acid (buffering agent).Additional tests (test of binding of sperm in egg yolk and supravital test) performed in this study showed no difference between treatments (P> 0.05). A positive correlation between motility and supravital test, the test can be considered a ratification of motility assessed subjectively by the researcher. No significant difference was found between the morphologic alterations observed after cryopreservation compared to fresh semen. It was concluded therefore that the addition of Ringer lactate, sodium citrate 2.92% and TRIS solution did not allow greater persistence of motility and vigor after thawing. We suggest the in vivo tests to verify whether the survival time after addition of diluents presented is sufficient to achieve fertilization, since it can count on the assistance of the female external factors (nutrition and aid in movement of sperm). It is further recommended the use of fluorescent probes to assess sperm to better verify the membrane integrity of sperm, since sperm motility in this study had motility after thawing, but their membranes could be altered to the point of not supporting the challenge of temperature (37 °C) for long periods.<br>O experimento foi realizado no Setor de Caprinocutura do Departamento de Zootecnia da Universidade Federal de Viçosa, no município de Viçosa-MG. O objetivo foi adicionar, no descongelamento de sêmen caprino, as soluções de Ringer com lactato, citrato de sódio 2,92% e solução TRIS, para verificar a estabilidade e persistência da motilidade e vigor dos espermatozóides, assim como alterações da membrana plasmática. O sêmen foi coletado de machos caprinos adultos, sadios, com histórico de fertilidade normal, durante a estação de monta natural (março a abril de 2010). Foram avaliadas as características físicas do sêmen no momento da coleta e no descongelamento das palhetas, as quais passaram por um processo de resfriamento médio. Ainda após o descongelamento, foram realizados três testes complementares: teste de termorresistência (TTR), supravital e de ligação do espermatozóide na gema de ovo. Todos os valores médios obtidos para o sêmen fresco quanto a volume (mL), motilidade (%), vigor (0-5), concentração espermática (x109 totais), e morfologia (% normais) foram condizentes ao preconizado pelo Colégio Brasileiro de Reprodução Animal (CBRA), sendo de 1,0±0,04; 83,1±0,54; 3,9±0,08; 3,3±0,2 e 90,8±0,85, respectivamente. Os parâmetros motilidade (33,1±1,8%) e vigor (3,0±0,1) do sêmen analisado no pós-descongelamento (5 minutos) também atenderam o que é estabelecido pelo CBRA no início do TTR; porém, o período de sobrevivência do sêmen não ultrapassou os 90 minutos após o descongelamento, diminuindo bruscamente com o passar do tempo. O tratamento controle foi o que obteve maior motilidade no descongelamento (42,2±2,0) e o tratamento que recebeu a solução TRIS apresentou maior persistência (90 minutos) e diminuição menos abrupta dos parâmetros motilidade e vigor, em relação aos outros tratamentos. Em todos os tratamentos, após 30 minutos de TTR, os parâmetros estavam aquém do preconizado pelo CBRA. Uma possível explicação para a solução TRIS ter permitido persistência e diminuição menos abrupta dos parâmetros motilidade e vigor pode ser devido o aumento de volume e diluição dos elementos que poderiam estar sendo tóxicos aos espermatozóides (radicais livres) e, também, a adição de frutose (substratro energético), TRIS e ácido cítrico (agentes tamponantes). Os testes complementares (teste de ligação do espermatozóide na gema de ovo e teste supravital) realizados neste trabalho não apresentaram diferença entre tratamentos (P>0,05). Foi encontrada correlação positiva entre a motilidade e o exame supravital, podendo o teste ser considerado uma ratificação dos valores de motilidade aferidos subjetivamente pelo pesquisador. Não foi encontrada diferença significativa entre as alterações morfológicas observadas após a criopreservação em relação ao sêmen fresco. Concluiu-se, assim, que a adição das soluções Ringer lactato, citrato de sódio 2,92% e solução TRIS não permitiu maior persistência da motilidade e vigor após o descongelamento. Sugere-se a realização de testes in vivo a fim de verificar se o tempo de sobrevivência apresentado após adição dos diluentes é suficiente para se realizar a fertilização, uma vez que se pode contar com o auxílio de fatores inerentes a fêmea (nutrição e auxílio na movimentação do espermatozóide). Recomenda-se ainda, o uso de sondas fluorescentes naavaliação espermática para se verificar melhor a integridade da membrana dosespermatozóides, pois os espermatozóides neste trabalho possuíam motilidade após o descongelamento, mas as suas membranas poderiam estar alteradas a ponto de não suportarem o desafio da temperatura (37 ºC) por longo período.

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Rico, Alvarado Martin. "Contribution au développement d’un procédé de conservation de la betterave rouge (Beta vulgaris L.) par blanchiment et saumurage dans des solutions de sels d’acides organiques électro-activés." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/66433.

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Les solutions électro-activées (SEA) obtenues par excitation électrique de solutions aqueuses sont actuellement étudiées par leur haut potentiel de préservation des aliments en raison de leurs propriétés antimicrobiennes et sporicides. Ainsi, ce projet visait à électro-activer des solutions aqueuses de citrate (CS), de propionate (PS) et d’acétate de sodium (AS) pour les utiliser comme saumures dans un procédé de conservation de betterave rouge (BR). Dans ce projet, le taux d’acidité titrable (% AT), le pH et le potentiel oxydo-réduction (POR) des SEA générées ont été étudiées en fonction de la concentration du sel, de l’intensité de courant électrique (IC) appliquée et du temps de traitement qui s’est étalé sur une période de 75 minutes. Ensuite, trois SEA de chaque type de sel ont été sélectionnées selon le % d’AT : minimal (≈0,8), moyen (≈1,3) et maximale (≈1,5) et utilisées tant pour blanchir des morceaux de BR à 90 °C pendant 3 min comme que pour la mise en conserve du produit. La qualité microbiologique, chromatique et texturale a été évaluée en fonction du type de SEA utilisé pour la conservation du produit pendant un mois. Les résultats obtenus montrent que l’IC est le facteur qui influence significativement les propriétés des SEA. Des valeurs de pH de 1,5 à 4, de POR d’environ +500 mV pour le citrate et +1200 mV pour le propionate et l'acétate, et un % d’AT de 0,8 à 2 mmole/L (1.5 pour l’acétate de sodium) ont été obtenues. Les SEA de citrate de sodium et de propionate de sodium ont montré une très bonne activité antimicrobienne même à 0,8 % d’AT, tandis que pour l’acétate de sodium, cette activité était observée à 1,5% d’AT. La couleur est devenue plus pâle avec le temps de conservation et la force de mastication a été en général peu affectée.<br>Electro-activated solutions (EAS) obtained by electrical excitation of aqueous solutions are currently being studied for their high food preservation potential due to their antimicrobial and sporicidal properties. Thus, this project was aimed to electroactivate aqueous solutions of sodium citrate (CS), sodium propionate (PS) and sodium acetate (AS) to use them as brines in a conservation process of beetroot (BR). In this project, the electro-activated solutions titratable acidity (% TA), the pH and the oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) of the generated EAS were studied as a function of the salt concentration which was set for a total period of 75 minutes. Then, three EAS of each type of the used salts of organic acids were selected according to their % of TA: minimum (≈0.8), medium (≈1.3) and maximum (≈1.5), and were used in combination with a blanching process at temperature of 90 ° C for 3 min as a process for beetroot canning. The microbiological, chromatic and textural quality of the canned product was evaluated according to the type of ESA used for the preservation of the product during one month at ambient temperature (23 ± 1 °C). The results obtained showed that the CI is the factor which significantly (p < 0.001) influenced the properties of the ESA. The pH values of 1.5 to 4, ORP of around +500 mV for the electro-activated (EA) sodium citrate solution and +1200 mV for the EA sodium propionate and sodium acetate solutions, and %AT of 0.8 to 2 mmole/L (1.5 for EA sodium acetate solution) were obtained. The EAS of sodium citrate and sodium propionate showed very good antimicrobial activity even at 0.8% of TA, while for the EA sodium acetate solution, this activity was observed at 1.5% TA. The color of the canned beetroot became lighter over time and the corresponding chewing force calculated by textural profile analysis (TPA) analysis was generally slightly affected by the used preservation procedure.

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ROCHA, RENATA A. "Obtencao e caracterizacao de eletrolitos solidos de ceria-gadolinia." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2001. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10952.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:46:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0<br>Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:05:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0<br>Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)<br>Dissertacao (Mestrado)<br>IPEN/D<br>Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP<br>FAPESP:99/12494-9

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Wang, Lei. "Photodégradation de pollutants organiques induite par des complexes Fe(III)-carboxylate en solutions aqueuses." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00728829.

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La photodégradation de l'herbicide 2,4-D (acide 2,4-dichlorophénoxyacétique) et de son principal photoproduit (2,4-DCP) en présence de trois complexes Fe(III)-carboxylate (citrate, pyruvate, tartrate) a été étudiée. Les rendements quantiques de disparition du 2,4-D augmentent dans cet ordre : Fe(III)-TAr < Fe(III)-Cit < Fe(OH)2+ < Fe(III)-Pyr. Le même mécanisme de dégradation du 2,4-D est observé pour les trois complexes de fer et correspond à celui déjà décrit avec des processus généraux de radicaux hydroxyle. Le 2,4-D est dégradé sélectivement en 2,4-DCP, qui après formation de différents photoproduits peut être minéralisé complètement en H2O, Cl- et CO2. La formation de radicaux hydroxyles, obtenue sous irradiation des solutions de complexes Fe(III)-carboxylate a été confirmée par spectroscopie RPE. Ce travail montre que la présence de complexes Fe(III)-carboxylate peut avoir un impact considérable sur le devenir de polluants organiques présents dans les compartiments aquatiques naturels.

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Wang, Lei. "Photodegradation of organic pollutants induced by Fe(III)-caoxylate complexes in aqueous solution." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2008. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00728829.

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La photodégradation de l'herbicide 2,4-D (acide 2,4-dichlorophénoxyacétique) et de son principal photoproduit (2,4-DCP) en présence de trois complexes Fe(III)-carboxylate (citrate, pyruvate, tartrate) a été étudiée. Les rendements quantiques de disparition du 2,4-D augmentent dans cet ordre : Fe(III)-TAr < Fe(III)-Cit < Fe(OH)2+ < Fe(III)-Pyr. Le même mécanisme de dégradation du 2,4-D est observé pour les trois complexes de fer et correspond à celui déjà décrit avec des processus généraux de radicaux hydroxyle. Le 2,4-D est dégradé sélectivement en 2,4-DCP, qui après formation de différents photoproduits peut être minéralisé complètement en H2O, Cl- et CO2. La formation de radicaux hydroxyles, obtenue sous irradiation des solutions de complexes Fe(III)-carboxylate a été confirmée par spectroscopie RPE. Ce travail montre que la présence de complexes Fe(III)-carboxylate peut avoir un impact considérable sur le devenir de polluants organiques présents dans les compartiments aquatiques naturels

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Gorzsás, András. "Vanadate and Peroxovanadate Complexes of Biomedical Relevance : A speciation approach with focus on diabetes." Doctoral thesis, Umeå University, Chemistry, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-489.

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<p>Diabetes mellitus is one of the most threatening epidemics of modern times with rapidly increasing incidence. Vanadium and peroxovanadium compounds have been shown to exert insulin–like actions and, in contrast to insulin, are orally applicable. However, problems with side–effects and toxicity remain. The exact mechanism(s) by which these compounds act are not yet fully known. Thus, a better understanding of the aqueous chemistry of vanadates and peroxovanadates in the presence of various (bio)ligands is needed.</p><p>The present thesis summarises six papers dealing mainly with aqueous speciation in different vanadate – and peroxovanadate – ligand systems of biological and medical relevance. Altogether, five ligands have been studied, including important blood constituents (lactate, citrate and phosphate), a potential drug candidate (picolinic acid), and a dipeptide (alanyl serine) to model the interaction of (peroxo)vanadate in the active site of enzymes. Since all five ligands have been studied both with vanadates and peroxovanadates, the number of systems described in the present work is eleven, including the vanadate – citrate – lactate mixed ligand system. The pH–independent formation constants have been determined for 33 ternary vanadate – ligand, 41 quaternary peroxovanadate – ligand and two vanadate – mixed ligand species in addition to the p<i>K</i><sub>a</sub> values of all five ligands. These constants have been used to model physiological conditions, and the biomedical relevance of the different species is discussed.</p><p>The studies have been performed at 25 ºC in the physiological medium of 0.150 M Na(Cl), i.e. the ionic strength of human blood. No buffers have been used, and wide pH–ranges have usually been covered. The applied experimental techniques comprise mostly <sup>51</sup>V NMR and potentiometry, but <sup>31</sup>P, <sup>13</sup>C, <sup>1</sup>H and <sup>14</sup>N NMR as well as EPR and ESI–MS have also been used to gain additional information. Multimethod data have been treated by the least–squares program LAKE and modelling has been carried out by the software package WinSGW.</p><p>Whenever possible, solution structures of the species have been proposed. In addition, simple biological tests have been carried out to determine the stability of the formed peroxovanadate complexes in the presence of human catalase. A brief comparison is given of the different vanadate – ligand and peroxovanadate – ligand systems with emphasis on observed trends and general features.</p>

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Lin, Li-Wei, and 林立偉. "The treatment of Citrate and Hypophosphite in electroless plating solution by AOPs." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/13905628406409174820.

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碩士<br>國立成功大學<br>化學工程學系碩博士班<br>94<br>The primary objective of this dissertation is to study the treatment of chelate ( citrate ) and reductant ( hyposphosphite ) from electroless nickel plating wastewater. It is easy to remove phosphite and phosphate in the solution by chemical coagulation and precipitation, but it is difficult for the removal of hypophosphite and COD of citrate. We used Fenton’s reagent to remove COD of citrate and oxidize hypophosphite to phosphite or phosphate, then both of phosphate and phosphate could be removed by chemical coagulation. In binary system (contain hypophosphite and citrate), the hypophosphite could be oxidized entirely by Fenton’s reagent at pH2.8~3.0 and by the following molar ratio of dosage: hypophosphite：citrate：Fe(II)：H2O2：= 1：1：1.5：3. Only 20% COD major contributed by citrate was removed due to the iron ions complex with phosphite and phosphate. The complexed iron ions were poisoned. On the other words, the poisoned iron ions coulde not catalyze H2O2 and remove COD. In single system (only citrate), 70% COD of citrate was removed by Fenton process at pH2~3 and by the following molar ratio of dosage: citrate：Fe(II)：H2O2=1：1.5：10.5. When we employed Photo-Fenton and Fered-Fenton for the treatment of citrate, the optimum efficiencies of COD removal were 90% and 100% COD, respectively. Among of Fenton, Photo-Fenton and Fered-Fenton processes for the treatment of citrate, the main intermediate was oxalate analyzed by ion chromatography. It is well known that the lights can induce ligand-to-metal charge transfer of the complexed ferrioxalate, and the oxalate transform to CO2 during this stage. Therefore, the hydroxyl radical plays no significant for the degradation of oxalate. The mechanism of Fered-Fenton for oxalate treatment is also similar to that in photo-Fenton process, the complexed ferrioxalate proceed “ligand-to-metal charge transfer” in cathode. In binary system (contain hypophosphite and citrate), both of Photo-Fenton and Fered-Fenton can overcome the problem that phosphorous complexing with catalyst lead to low COD removal efficiency in Fenton process. In the same dosage condition, COD removal efficiency can increase to 90%. In Photo-Fenton, it can decrease reaction time by increasing H2O2 dosage rate, but it is influenced by large sludge in final stage of Photo-Fenton process. In Fered-Fenton, it causes amount of zero valent iron that precipitating on cathode seriously by increasing H2O2 dosage rate, and then the iron concentration decrease in solution, not only the oxidation of hydroxyl radical in initial but also “ligand to metal charge transfer” can’t carry into execution efficiently. So the H2O2 dosage method must be controlled continuously in the whole course to prevent the precipitated of catalyst on cathode in Fered-Fenton process.

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Books on the topic "Citrate solutions"

1

Tirona, Rommel G. A stability study of caffeine citrate solution. 1992.

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Sudoku Book for Adults - 1000 Puzzles Easy to Hard : Over 1000 Sudoku Puzzles and Solutions, Includes 6 Levels SBD 017: Citrine Texture Design - Dark Cyan Cover. Independently Published, 2020.

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Glenda, Jennifer. Sudoku Book for Adults - 500 Puzzles Medium to Hard : 500 Puzzles and Solutions, Includes Three Levels - Challenge and Fun for Your Brain!, SBD 017: Citrine Texture Design - Dark Cyan Cover. Independently Published, 2020.

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Glenda, Jennifer. Sudoku Book for Adults - 500 Puzzles Easy to Medium : Over 500 Sudoku Puzzles and Solutions , Six Puzzle per Page - Brain Games for Adults , SBD 017: Citrine Texture Design - Dark Cyan Cover. Independently Published, 2020.

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Book chapters on the topic "Citrate solutions"

1

Cotton, Bryan A., and Laura A. McElroy. "Citrate-Dextrose Solutions." In Encyclopedia of Trauma Care. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-29613-0_39.

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Apelblat, Alexander. "Dissociation Equilibria in Solutions with Citrate Ions." In Citric Acid. Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-11233-6_3.

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Bronikowski, M., O. S. Pokrovsky, M. Borkowski, and G. R. Choppin. "UO2 2+ and NpO2 + Complexation with Citrate in Brine Solutions." In Actinide Speciation in High Ionic Strength Media. Springer US, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8690-0_11.

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Holze, Rudolf. "Single ion conductivities of citrate ion in aqueous electrolyte solutions at infinite dilution." In Electrochemistry. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49251-2_1701.

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Schmitz, W., G. Marklein, and A. Hesse. "The Dissolution of Infective Stone Salts by Citrate Solutions Using a Reproducible Model of Catheter Encrustation." In Urolithiasis 2. Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2556-1_183.

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Peng, Cheng, and Zhen Zhang. "Nitrate-Citrate Combustion Synthesis and Properties of Ce_1-xGd_xO_2-x/2 Solid Solutions." In Key Engineering Materials. Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-410-3.401.

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Hosaka, Masahiro, and Sadao Taki. "Hydrothermal Growth of Amethyst and Citrine in NaCl and KCl Solutions." In Hydrothermal Reactions for Materials Science and Engineering. Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0743-0_30.

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Papageorgiou, M., M. G. Gothard, L. E. Willoughby, S. Kasapis, R. K. Richardson, and E. R. Morris. "Rheology and structure of gellan-alginate co-gels." In Gums and Stabilisers for the Food Industry 7. Oxford University PressOxford, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199634651.003.0030.

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Abstract Sodium alginate dissolved in calcium chloride solution at 90°C shows ‘weak gel’ properties similar to those of ordered xanthan, and circular dichroism spectra indicate formation of calcium polyguluronate ‘egg-box’ dimers even at this elevated temperature. The solutions show a sharp increase in rigidity (G’) on cooling, and convert to permanent gels on storage at low temperature. The gels attain maximum hardness at -40% calcium conversion (for alginate with a polyguluronate content of -58%), and their elasticity can be readily controlled by adjustment of Ca2+ concentration around this optimum value. Incorporation of moderate concentrations of gellan (0.1 - 0.3% w/v in combination with 2% w/v alginate and 5 mM trisodium citrate sequestrant) increases the strength of the gels, but does not significantly change their elasticity, indicating that the gellan acts as a strong ‘filler’ in an alginate matrix. The composition-dependence of G’ and hardness (yield stress), and the response of the mixed gels to incorporation.

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Moussaoui, Amir, Dmitry V. Bulyga, Natalia K. Kuzmenko, Alexander I. Ignatev, Sergey K. Evstropiev, and Nikolay V. Nikonorov. "Sol-Gel Synthesis of Gd2O3:Nd3+ Nanopowders and the Study of Their Luminescent Properties." In Luminescence - Emerging New Applications [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.1005667.

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The synthesis of gadolinium oxide nanopowders doped with neodymium (Gd2O3:Nd3+) 30 nm in size was carried out using the citrate sol-gel method that included the simultaneous stabilization of nanoparticles using citric acid and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). This study proposes and assesses a sol-gel synthesis process that involves the use of two different organic stabilizers with different thermal stabilities. Citric acid and polyvinylpyrrolidone were used as organic modifying components, playing a double role in the synthesis process, that is, acting as stabilizers of forming nanoparticles in colloidal solutions and serving as fuel additives in the process of heat treatment of materials. The structural and optical properties of Gd2O3:Nd3+ were investigated using photoluminescence, FTIR spectroscopy, DTA/TG, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and XRD analysis.

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Kirillov, Sviatoslav A., Anna V. Potapenko, and Tetiana V. Lisnycha. "Delicate lithium-manganese spinel LiMn2O4 of quasi-spherical morphology, obtained by hydrolysis of complex compounds, as cathode material for high-power current sources." In NEW FUNCTIONAL SUBSTANCES AND MATERIALS FOR CHEMICAL ENGINEERING. PH “Akademperiodyka”, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/akademperiodyka.444.108.

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Precipitation of hydroxides and carbonates from solutions containing complex compounds is a valuable industrial process enabling one to synthesize electrode materials with high density particles of microspherical morphology and high tap density. As a complex formation agent, ammonia is almost exclusively used in this process. Aiming at the search of other complex formation agents and the detailed studies of complex formation at precipitation, we have first investigated the hydrolysis of solutions containing citric acid. Equilibria in solutions containing citrate complexes of manganese and carbonates are computed. It is found that in Mn(NO3)2 - хC6H8O7∙H2O - уNa2CO3 systems, a neutral Mn(HCitr) complex dominates up to pH=9.5 and precipitation of MnCO3 from carbonate containing solutions begins at рН~6.5. Experiments show that MnCO3 precipitates from these systems in the form of openwork quasi-spherical aggregates formed by nanosized crystals. The synthesis of LiMn2O4 from this precursor does not influence the morphology of the material, and the resulting product consists of aggregates of less than 4 mkm and nanocrystals of ~90 nm. Electrochemical tests evidence that for the best samples, the specific capacity of 103 mAh/g can be achieved at 1 C current. At 20 C current, they deliver ~25 mAh/g capacity. After high-rate tests, in control cycles with 1 C current, the samples demonstrate high capacity retention, returning up to 98% of their initial capacity. This signifies their good prospects for using in high-rate batteries.

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Conference papers on the topic "Citrate solutions"

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Marshakov, Andrey I., Roman I. Bogdanov, Vasily E. Ignatenko, Tatiana A. Nenasheva, and Andrey B. Arabey. "Effect of Electrolyte Composition on Near-neutral pH Stress Corrosion Crack Propagation." In CORROSION 2011. NACE International, 2011. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2011-11285.

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Abstract The electrolyte composition was shown to affect the crack growth rate in pipeline steel X70. Citrate buffer (pH 5.5) and a mixture of NS4 solution with borate buffer (pH 7.0) were used as background solutions under static and cyclic loading, respectively. Various substances were added to the citrate buffer solution in order to affect anodic dissolution (AD) and hydrogen absorption (HA) of the metal. AD inhibitors decrease the crack growth rate. Sulfide, carbonate and phosphate ions, which stimulate the AD process, accelerate crack propagation in weakly-acidic solutions. Thiourea stimulates the AD process in buffered NS4 solution and accelerates the crack growth in this solution. The effects of HA promoters may vary. Their influence on the crack propagation could be connected with the activating effect of atomic hydrogen on the anodic dissolution of iron. The data obtained testify that anodic dissolution of the metal is the governing mechanism in the SCC of pipe steel X70 in the vicinity of the corrosion potential.

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Bogdanov, R. I., A. I. Marshakov, and V. E. Ignatenko. "Hydrogen Peroxide Effect on Crack Growth Rate in X70 Pipeline Steel in Weak Acid Solution." In CORROSION 2016. NACE International, 2016. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2016-07470.

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Abstract It is known that stress corrosion cracking (SCC) of pipeline steels appear in anaerobic soils, which is probably related to activity of sulphate-reducing bacteria and formation of hydrogen sulphide. Oxygen and other oxidants direct influence on crack growth in pipeline steels data are few and controversial. This work describes the results of corrosion - mechanical tests on beam specimens under static stress. Specimens were made from X70 steel grade. Electrochemical measurements were carried out in a Devanathan – Stachurski cell using foil mild steel membranes. The citrate buffer solution (pH 5.5) was background electrolyte. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), model additive of oxidative type, was injected into background electrolyte. It was found that the presence of Н2О2 in a relatively small concentration (5 mM) results in the deceleration of the crack growth. With an increase in concentration of hydrogen peroxide, the crack growth rate increases. The phenomenon is explained by the effect of hydrogen peroxide on the penetration rate of hydrogen into the metal, which in turn determines the dissolution rate of iron.

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Tunnicliffe, Matthew. "The Effect of Extractives on the Passivation of Carbon Steel in Synthetic Black Liquor Environments." In CORROSION 2018. NACE International, 2018. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2018-11374.

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Abstract Not all kraft mills have corrosion concerns in black liquor environments despite operating with similar temperatures, sulphidity and caustic content. There is reason to believe this change in liquor corrosivity is due to the presence of softwood extractives. This study used a synthetic solution to simulate weak black liquor environments (5 g/L sodium hydroxide and 20 g/L sodium sulphide) at 160°C to perform laboratory experiments. These experiments used a K02700 (A516 grade 70 carbon steel) working electrode to perform potentiodynamic, open circuit potential and immersion experiments to determine how liquor corrosivity changes in the presence of 1 or 5 g/L catechol, tannic acid or sodium citrate. These experiments were repeated in the presence of 1 g/L chloride in an attempt to increase the kinetics of corrosion. The catechol and tannic acid increased liquor corrosivity; however, the influence of 1 g/L chloride in the presence of an extractive was less clear. The reduced corrosion rate measured in the immersion studies in the presence of catechol, tannic acid and chloride is thought to do with the chloride interfering or binding with the chelates in solution rendering it less corrosive.

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4

"Development and Improvement of Organic Salt Solutions of Potassium Citrate As An Environmentally Friendly Completion Fluids for Oil and Gas Wells." In Indonesian Petroleum Association 44th Annual Convention and Exhibition. Indonesian Petroleum Association, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29118/ipa21-e-279.

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This article provides information on the utilization and development of colloidal formulations based on organic potassium citrate, an alternative, environmentally friendly composite fluid that can support the drilling and production of oil and gas wells. The activity started with a laboratory-scale literature study, the formulation and modification of organic potassium citrate, testing the characteristics and performance of liquids, and improving advanced formulations. This completion fluid based on organic potassium citrate has high solubility and good stability to other pollutant particles. The colloidal organic salt system based on potassium citrate is an alternative function of the replenishment fluid (pressure holding fluid) for cleaning/deepening oil and gas wells. Currently, widely used composite fluids are chloride (Cl-), bromide (Br-), nitrate (NO3-), phosphate (PO4-), and cesium formate. However, these salt solutions are highly corrosive and are not environmentally friendly. The swelling test and the corrosion rate test are carried out using different fluids (i.e., KCl slurry, NaCl polymer, and colloidal organic citrate). The test results show that when the test is performed at room temperature for 16 hours, the organic citrate fluid's swelling rate is lower than 10%, and the KCl and NaCl sludge is higher than 20%. The result of a seven days corrosion test at 350oF is that the citric acid organic liquid is lower than 10 mpy, while KCl and NaCl are higher than 50 mpy. This completion fluid formulation based on organic citrate salts is a new type of completion fluid that has the following specifications: density up to (1.80), corrosion rate (3.19 mpy) @ 248-350oF, pH (6-8), resistance to extreme temperature, turbidity (7 NTU), a swelling rate below 10%, and has good compatibility with formation water. Also, potassium citrate organic salts can be degraded efficiently, making them safe for the environment.

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Husak, Yevheniia, Olexandr Solodovnik, Maksym Pogorielov, et al. "Mg alloys in vitro degradation in simulated body fluid and citrate solutions." In 2017 IEEE 7th International Conference "Nanomaterials: Application & Properties" (NAP). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nap.2017.8190322.

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Rocha, C. A., D. W. Green, G. P. Willhite, and M. J. Michnick. "An Experimental Study of the Interactions of Aluminum Citrate Solutions and Silica Sand." In SPE International Symposium on Oilfield Chemistry. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/18503-ms.

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Pradhan, Mamata, Binita Nanda, Prativa Kar, and Braja B. Nanda. "Impact of temperature on the interionic interactions of Anti-TB drug isoniazid in potassium citrate and sodium citrate solutions at different temperatures: Volumetric studies." In 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON EMERGING SMART MATERIALS IN APPLIED CHEMISTRY (ESMAC-2021): ESMAC-2021. AIP Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0125923.

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Smirnova, Olha, Alexei Pilipenko, Alina Vovk, Andrej Nikonov, Artur Zhytomyrskiy, and Zakhar Mukhin. "The Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles in Chloride-Citrate Water Solutions Obtained Using the Electrochemical Method." In 2020 IEEE 40th International Conference on Electronics and Nanotechnology (ELNANO). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/elnano50318.2020.9088795.

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Vidu, Ruxandra, Maria Perez-Page, Dat V. Quach, and Pieter Stroeve. "Electrodeposition Of Thermoelectric Films CoxNi(1- x)Sb3 AND Co-SbXTe(1-X) in Citrate Solutions." In the 39th American Romanian Academy of Arts and Sciences Congress. ARA Publisher, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.14510/39ara2015.3917.

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Jawad, Ammar, and Entisar E. Al-Abodi. "Investigating (Fe3O4) magnetic nanoparticles impregnated onto tri-sodium citrate to remove, of methylene blue dye from aqueous solutions." In XIAMEN-CUSTIPEN WORKSHOP ON THE EQUATION OF STATE OF DENSE NEUTRON-RICH MATTER IN THE ERA OF GRAVITATIONAL WAVE ASTRONOMY. AIP Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5116953.

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Reports on the topic "Citrate solutions"

1

Yang, Jon, Sophia Bauer, and Circe Verba. Evaluating a Semi-Quantitative, Spectrophotometric Method for the Rapid Determination of Total Rare Earth Element Concentrations in Citrate Leaching Solutions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1971983.

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Akinleye, Taiwo, Idil Deniz Akin, Amanda Hohner, et al. Evaluation of Electrochemical Treatment for Removal of Arsenic and Manganese from Field Soil. Illinois Center for Transportation, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/21-019.

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Soils containing inorganic compounds are frequently encountered by transportation agencies during construction within the right-of-way, and they pose a threat to human health and the environment. As a result, construction activities may experience project delays and increased costs associated with management of inorganic compounds containing soils required to meet environmental regulations. Recalcitrance of metal-contaminated soils toward conventional treatment technologies is exacerbated in clay or organic content-rich fine-grained soils with low permeability and high sorption capacity because of increased treatment complexity, cost, and duration. The objective of this study was to develop an accelerated in situ electrochemical treatment approach to extract inorganic compounds from fine-grained soils, with the treatment time comparable to excavation and off-site disposal. Three reactor experiments were conducted on samples collected from two borehole locations from a field site in Illinois that contained arsenic (As)(~7.4 mg/kg) and manganese (Mn)(~700 mg/kg). A combination of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and/or citrate buffer solution was used to treat the soils. A low-intensity electrical field was applied to soil samples using a bench-scale reactor that resembles field-scale in situ electrochemical systems. For the treatment using 10% H2O2 and citrate buffer solution, average removal of 23% and 8% were achieved for Mn and As, respectively. With 4% H2O2 and citrate buffer, 39% and 24% removal were achieved for Mn and As; while using only citrate buffer as the electrolyte, 49% and 9% removal were achieved for Mn and As, respectively. All chemical regimes adopted in this study reduced the inorganic compound concentrations to below the maximum allowable concentration for Illinois as specified by the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency. The results from this work indicate that electrochemical systems that leverage low concentrations of hydrogen peroxide and citrate buffer can be effective for remediating soils containing manganese and arsenic.

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Vermeul, Vincent R., Brad G. Fritz, Jonathan S. Fruchter, James E. Szecsody, and Mark D. Williams. 100-NR-2 Apatite Treatability Test: High-Concentration Calcium-Citrate-Phosphate Solution Injection for In Situ Strontium-90 Immobilization. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1010480.

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Szecsody, James E., Carolyn A. Burns, Robert C. Moore, et al. Hanford 100N Area Apatite Emplacement: Laboratory Results of Ca-Citrate-PO4 Solution Injection and Sr-90 Immobilization in 100N Sediments. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/936598.

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Szecsody, James E., Mark L. Rockhold, Martinus Oostrom, et al. Sequestration of Sr-90 Subsurface Contamination in the Hanford 100-N Area by Surface Infiltration of a Ca-Citrate-Phosphate Solution. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/985589.

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Williams, Mark D., Brad G. Fritz, Donaldo P. Mendoza, et al. Interim Report: 100-NR-2 Apatite Treatability Test: Low Concentration Calcium Citrate-Phosphate Solution Injection for In Situ Strontium-90 Immobilization. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/969183.

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Vermeul, Vincent R., Brad G. Fritz, Jonathan S. Fruchter, James E. Szecsody, and Mark D. Williams. 100-NR-2 Apatite Treatability Test FY09 Status: High Concentration Calcium-Citrate-Phosphate Solution Injection for In Situ Strontium-90 Immobilization. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/969621.

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Szescody, James E., Robert C. Moore, Mark J. Rigali, Vincent R. Vermeul, and Jon Luellen. Use of a Ca-Citrate-Phosphate Solution to Form Hydroxyapatite for Uranium Stabilization of Old Rifle Sediments: Laboratory Proof of Principle Studies. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1431271.

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Szescody, James E., Robert C. Moore, Mark J. Rigali, Vincent R. Vermuel, and Jon Leullen. Use of a Ca-Citrate-Phosphate Solution to Form Hydroxyapatite for Uranium Stabilization of Old Rifle Sediments: Laboratory Proof of Principle Studies. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1561202.

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