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Kumagai, Yutaka. "Taking back the city : Citizen participation in urban planning in Dublin, Ireland." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Kulturgeografiska institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-169419.
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As we find ourselves in the midst of a planetary trend towards urbanisation, we must acknowledge that urban spaces are linked in a network of metabolic consumption and production that impact not only those recognised as ‘urban dwellers’, but are incorporated into a global structure. Ireland is no exception, with development centred around Dublin, a ‘primate city’ with a vastly larger population than others in the region. Dublin’s Inner City areas have in recent decades been marked by a series of large-scale interventions aimed at reconstituting a new vision of Ireland as a global, modern city home to a tech-savvy workforce. Yet as Dublin explores its post-recession identity as a hub for investment in tech and finance, its urban population continues to grow in ways that are seen to disenfranchise existing Inner City communities. This study explores the perceptions of residents of Inner City Dublin engaged in urban planning processes, in the hopes of making manifest the goals and desires driving participation through various channels, both formal and ‘radical’. A case is made for the city as a site of a post-political condition by questioning the role and efficacy of official consultatory channels, as well as in contrasting held imaginaries presented by interviewees and those presented by official planning documents. Attempts by Dublin City Council to market Dublin as a ‘creative’ city, intent on monetising aspects of cultural identity as a global competitor intent on drawing investment and foreign talent is considered representative of post-politics, contrasted by urban residents’ desires to safeguard the existence of vibrant communities within the Inner City who now risk exclusion.
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McCurdy, Jason D. "The effects of human development on avian diversity along an urban-rural gradient in Iowa City, Iowa." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2016. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/2119.
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The human population is rapidly urbanizing. While this will undoubtedly present challenges for humans it will also place pressure on birds in these areas. To better manage these spaces in a manner that promotes avian biodiversity, we must first come to understand how human development affects the distribution and abundance of bird species and guilds within cities and if patterns observed previously in large cities can be extended to smaller ones.
Breeding birds were surveyed along a gradient of increasing urbanization in Iowa City, Iowa, during the summers of 2014 and 2015. Study areas included a forested park, recreational park, low density residential area, medium density residential area, high density/mixed-use area, and urban core. Birds were censused a total of four times at each site using variable circular plot counts. Landscape characteristics were measured using a high resolution land cover dataset and tree canopy model. Regression models were developed to investigate relationships between the bird community and land cover characteristics.
Bird species richness, diversity, and evenness all decreased with increasing urbanization, while biomass and the number of individuals peaked in the urban core. The community shifted from non-native, resident, granivorous, multi-brooding building nesters in highly developed areas to native, migrant, invertivorous, single-brooding, tree and tree cavity nesters at the least developed sites. Regression models indicated varied relationships among landscape characteristics and species richness and community prevalence of functional guilds. Native, migratory, invertivorous, tree cavity-nesting, and single-brooding species showed negative relationships to variables measuring the built environment, while non-native, resident, granivorous, building nesting, and multi-brooding species showed positive relationships to these measures.
Overall, the response of avian functional guilds to varying levels of urban intensity in Iowa City were remarkably similar to the results of previous studies. This suggests that much of what has been learned previously concerning avian responses to human development can be extended to planning and implementing conservation strategies in smaller cities.
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Mng'ong'o, Othmar Simtali. "A Browning process : The case of Dar es Salaam city." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-149.
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Chishaleshale, Mwale. "Governance and management of urban trees and green spaces in South Africa: ensuring benefits to local people and the environment." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006035.
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In the face of rapid urbanization and global climate change, urban trees and green spaces (UTGS) can contribute to the welfare of people and the urban environment. Urban trees and green spaces can assist to address urbanization challenges related to environmental degradation. While functions of UTGS have been well documented in the developed world, they have not yet received full attention in much of sub-Saharan Africa. Consequently, UTGS are under threat from urban development and fragmentation. Notably, the problems associated with UTGS also fall into the governance realm and indications are that poor governance and management of UTGS can negatively influence the potential benefits of UTGS to local people and the environment. This formed a basis for this research. The main objective of the study was to determine the current governance and management approaches to UTGS in South Africa. Through document search and review, the study determined the governance institutions influencing UTGS at national level and at provincial level (in the Limpopo and Eastern Cape Provinces). Face-to-face and online survey methods were used to determine the extent to which 28 local municipalities had adopted planned, systematic and integrated management of UTGS. The snowball approach was used to determine the key actors involved in UTGS activities and interviews were conducted to establish the roles and capabilities of these actors. A total of 540 household interviews were conducted to determine the institutional factors influencing local peoples’ ability to access, plant and use UTGS. The findings of the study showed that UTGS have not been adequately covered in existing governance institutions and practice at national and provincial levels. Local government municipalities were not managing their UTGS in a planned or systematic manner due to constraining factors such as insufficient funds, insufficient personnel, lack of equipment and lack of political support. Only 7.1 % of the surveyed municipalities had an urban tree management plan and an estimate of the urban tree stock; 32.1 % had tree policies; 28.6 % had tree bylaws; 21.4 % had tree planting schedules; 10.7 % had tree maintenance schedules and only 3.6 % had tree inspection schedules. Key actors involved in UTGS activities differed among levels of government. The actors included national and provincial government departments, local government municipalities, Non-Governmental Organizations, private sector companies and local volunteers. Most of the actors, however, either planted trees or provided tree seedlings to municipalities and the local people. Tenure security was a key institutional factor affecting peoples’ ability to plant, use or even remove trees from their residential plots. The same applied to trees in the streets and public parks. Whereas most respondents did not require permission to plant (79.8 %) or remove (75 %) trees on their residential plots, a majority of them required permission to plant and remove trees from streets (over 70 %) and public parks (over 80 %). However, with regard to planting and removing urban trees in public open spaces, 54% of the respondents indicated that permission was not required suggesting a lack of clarity among local residents on the issue. Overall, the findings of this study indicate that there is no political recognition and support for UTGS at almost all levels of government. This has resulted in the lack of incorporation of UTGS in urban planning and development and has caused UTGS to receive limited funding to permit planned and systematic management. Given the current rates of urbanization and urban development, the lowly prioritised UTGS are vulnerable to exploitation. To conserve UTGS and promote their potential contribution to local people and the environment, UTGS must be recognized and placed on political and development agendas. There is a need to develop national guidelines for UTGS management, assess the extent of the urban forest resource in local municipalities, clearly define the roles and capabilities of different actors, integrate UTGS in the urban planning and development system, and most of all seek to involve the local people in overall management and governance of UTGS.
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Parker, John Russell. "An analysis of urban ecological knowledge and behaviour in Wellington, New Zealand : a 90 point thesis submitted to Victoria University of Wellington as partial fulfilment of requirements for the degree of Master of Environmental Studies /." ResearchArchive@Victoria e-thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10063/1263.
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Dalton, Richard Jeffrey. "The problem of history : architecture, planning and the city." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/24007.
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Saunders, Todd D. "Ecology and community design : with special reference to Northern European ecological communities." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=22548.
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I write this thesis based on the premise that many environmental problems are the result of conventional community design. I argue that conventional community designs are "anti-ecological" because they consume too much energy, produce an extraordinary amount of waste, are car-oriented, ignore any relationship with the natural environment, and reflect the irresponsible attitude of man conquering nature. However, I suggest that ecologically responsible community design alternatives do exist. I refer to these alternatives as "ecological communities". These communities attempt to function as ecosystems that conserve natural resources, are self-regulating, and produce little waste.I present the central principles of ecological communities, and then explore the validity of these assertions. Using five ecological communities from Northern Europe, I examine the following principles: (1) alternative energy systems at the community-scale, (2) wastewater treatment and water reclamation, (3) waste management in the community, (4) ecologically sustainable landscapes, and (5) environmentally responsible housing.
Finally, I present my observations and conclusions. The observations are intended to help community designers to understand the characteristics of ecological communities, and perhaps some of the conditions necessary for these communities to exist. The hope is that these observations may assist community designers avoid common mistakes on similar projects. The observations may shorten the time designers require to transfer their ideas from theory into practice. I conclude that when compared with conventional communities--not with perfection or the utopian dream--ecological communities and what they represent can provide designers with viable development alternatives.
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Bwanika, Daniel. "Air Pollution. In the City of Örebro." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för tema, 2000. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-166991.
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Air pollution and quality is one of the major problems in Örebro. Much research has been done to understand the impact of air pollution in urban societies and much more needs to be done in order to understand the implications of air quality impact on the region. Social structures in terms of environmental based planning for good air quality should focus on economic social costs need for new technologies and attainable health costs. Society can't survive without a healthy environment therefore understanding air quality and how new structures evolve for a practical human environmental interaction, is an absolute necessity for the well being and growth of Örebro region. The paper therefore, is an investigation into air quality impact on the existing structures in Örebro with air pollution as the major subject. It is based on critical evaluation of air pollution as derivative of a symbiotic human interaction with her environment and how contemporary planning structures should be attained. The paper throws light on the strategies being undertaken in Örebro region, in order to attain good health and cheap habitable environment in terms of technological, social and economic development.
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Fiala, Joshua Charles. "Humanizing the city : festivals as a human adaptation of public space." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/50116.
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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2009.Author also earned an Urban Design Certificate from the Program in Urban Design; a joint graduate program with the Dept. of Architecture and the Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning. Vita.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 174-179).
As currently conceived, the contemporary city will not advance beyond its present level of achievement. This research frames the city within three root values upon which all decisions made in the city are based. The three root values are continuity, connection and openness. Under the present priorities of city making, the contemporary city is heavily biased toward continuity. A paradigm shift is required in the way cities are conceived and developed to rebalance the three root values with the intention of creating cities that are better places for humans to inhabit. This shift is a call for a more human city. This research investigates a collection of urban design principles that are intended to humanize the city and improve them as settings for human use and occupation. The research utilizes the festival as a temporal moment in the city of uniquely human-centered use. It is a moment in which the human becomes the dominant priority in the organization and occupation of space, while other systems of the city are temporarily interrupted. Through a series of six festival case studies a number of consistent adaptations of space emerge in which the festive events highlight strategies for humanizing space in the city. The urban design principles highlighted by this research include adapting spatial containment, restructuring movement, exposing meaning and commonality, attracting density of people, removing separation of uses, increasing overlapping activities, and spatially and temporally scripting and choreographing all of these strategies.
(cont.) These principles are then examined through a design test that shows their applicability in making humanizing adaptations of space and ultimately creating more human cities.
by Joshua Charles Fiala.
M.C.P.
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Tidball, Alex. "Human Perceptions of Animals in the St. Louis Region| Prospects for a Transspecies City." Thesis, Southern Illinois University at Edwardsville, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10132962.
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The transspecies city concept was developed in opposition to traditional anthropocentric urban policies. This research seeks to determine whether or not perceptions of survey participants taken from the St. Louis area are compatible with the goals of the transspecies city, which focus on integration of animals into human communities rather than their removal. The transspecies city also indicates a need for moral concern for animals in human actions which affect them.
Participant responses were classified into perception categories. These perceptions were then analyzed and discussed to determine their compatibility with the transspecies city, concluding that humanistic and moralistic perceptions are most compatible. Negativistic, naturalistic, and ecologistic perceptions all are found to have some incompatibilities with the transspecies city. In spite of these incompatibilities, this research concludes by examining the ways these perceptions could be addressed, or ways in which the transspecies city could modify itself to have a better chance at actualization.
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Kridler, Jamie Branam, and J. Burgess. "Johnson City Strategies for Marketing and Brand Audit." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2001. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/5862.
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Watson, Sadie. "Digging London : a reflexive look at archaeology in the western part of the city." Thesis, University of Wales Trinity Saint David, 2016. http://repository.uwtsd.ac.uk/727/.
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London remains the most thoroughly excavated city in Britain, with a significant corpus of data recovered from many hundreds of excavations. The vast majority of this work has been carried out under the auspices of development control and planning guidance, although the situation has developed from one of rescue excavations carried out by volunteers to the position we see today of large professional teams working on multi-disciplinary projects. It is entirely within this milieu that my own career has progressed. The portfolio presented within this thesis presents the stages of analysis and publication in use at MOLA, my employer. I have published the results of many excavations, a selection of which I have chosen to illustrate the issues which I consider to be pertinent within the development-led commercial sector. Chapter 1 provides a background to the legislative and professional situation within which I operate, as well as relevant discussion of the current research agendas and frameworks which should be considered by archaeologists working in the City. Chapter 2 contains the portfolio material. The concluding Chapter 3 provides a detailed introduction to the portfolio sites and the contribution to knowledge provided by the archaeology excavated. This chapter also presents the critique of the portfolio sites and all aspects of the projects, from fieldwork to publication. I observe difficulties with the current structure of the commercial sector and in the following recommendations and conclusion suggest ways in which these can be alleviated.
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Edussuriya, Priyantha S. "Urban morphology and air quality a study of street level air pollution in dense residential environments of Hong Kong /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B37672241.
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Roberts, Darren. "Music and the city : normalisation, marginalisation, and resistance in Birmingham's musicscape." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2015. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/5709/.
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Drawing on qualitative research conducted in Birmingham (2009-2014), this thesis explores the role music plays in shaping and producing the urban environment via a focus on three specific processes; normalisation, marginalisation, and resistance. The contemporary city’s relationship with music has undergone substantial change in recent years within the UK, including significant growth in the live music industry and the increased targeting of musical activities within urban policy. The thesis examines the implications of these changes in the context of Birmingham. Chapter One introduces the research aims and objectives. Chapter Two positions the thesis within the current geographies of music field and grounds the thesis in an anti-essentialist approach to geography and cultural politics. Chapter Three provides an overview of the research location and methodology. Chapter Four explores ‘normalisation’ by examining the role of public bodies in shaping local musical activities. Chapter Five explores ‘marginalisation’ by examining the exclusion of local rap music from the mainstream live musicscape, and rap music’s place in shaping marginal geographies. Chapter Six explores ‘resistance’ through three in-depth examples of how different individuals use music as a tool of resistance against dominant power relations and the production of uneven urban geographies.
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Kridler, Jamie Branam. "Expanding Community Partnership Grants: Johnson City Brand Audit." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2002. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/5858.
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Kydönholma, Josefina, and Eira Bonell. "Unboxing cultural planning - A qualitative study of finding the language of the concept cultural planning." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22813.
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Som invånare i en alltmer global värld, är det kanske inte konstigt att man ibland känner sig liten. Städer växer och därmed kan känslan av att tillhöra ett grannskap lätt försvinna. En känsla av rastlöshet kan göra att det är svårt att hitta något att knyta an till. Man kan argumentera om människans natur, men att människor är sociala varelser som har ett behov av att interagera med varandra, kan nog de flesta av oss skriva under på. Publika platser bör därför fylla behovet av en plats där gemenskap kan växa, men trender inom stadsplanering verkar gå i motsatt riktning. Vi behöver platser, stigar och vägar som är ämnade för oss, där det finns utrymme för möten och samspel. Vi behöver en urban miljö som stöttar vårt vardagsliv och tillåter oss att bara vara. Cultural planning är ett tillvägagångssätt och koncept som har potentialen att sammanfoga glappet mellan stadsplanering och invånarnas behov. I vår studie identifierar och utforskar vi ett nätverk av personer och grupper som är involverade i cultural planning. I nätverket är terminologin omdiskuterad och anses problematisk, vilket ledde oss till våra frågor: Vad är cultural planning? Hur kan cultural planning som koncept bli mer etablerat? Hur kan nätverket inom cultural planning stärkas? Våra mål är att definiera konceptet genom att hitta dess karaktäristiska språk. Detta för att hitta ett gemensamt språkbruk som nätverket kan använda. Vi kallar detta för unboxing cultural planning. Huvudfokus i denna studie är konceptet cultural planning. Då konceptet är så pass omfattande och mångsidigt, kommer vi att undersöka det genom olika teoretiska perspektiv baserade på olika professioner, utifrån tre utgångspunkter; cultural planning som en term, som ett tillvägagångssätt och dess värdegrund. Genom att konstruera fallstudier och analysera dem genom fyra relevanta teorier, kommer vi göra ett förslag på hur konceptet och nätverket kan bli mer etablerat.As citizens in an increasingly global and digitalized world, everyone feels small from time to time. Cities expand and at the same time the sense of belonging to a neighbourhood decrease. It is hard to find a way to root ourselves. While arguments occur over human nature, it is safe to assert that humans are social beings, and we have a need to interact with each other. Public spaces should fill the need of physical space were communities and neighbourhoods can meet, but trends in city planning move in different directions. We need places, paths and roads that are built for us, where there is room for interaction and encounters. We need an urban everyday life that allows us being human. Cultural planning is an approach and concept that has the potential to fill the void between city planning and citizens’ needs. When talking about tools in the field of cultural planning, we must ask what tools exist and how do we use them? In this thesis we identify and explore a network of people and groups involved with cultural planning, as well as the different tools associated with it. Within the network, the term cultural planning is discussed as problematic. This led us to our questions: How is cultural planning conceptualized? How can cultural planning become more established and recognized? And how can the cultural planning network be strengthened?Our goals are to unbox the concept of cultural planning by finding its language, and during our process help the network in their future work of communicating cultural planning. We call this unboxing cultural planning. The central focus of this study is the concept of cultural planning. Since the concept is complex and not yet established, we will examine cultural planning from three starting points. Using perspectives from different professions and practitioners, we explore cultural planning as a term, as an approach, and as a collection of core values. By constructing case studies and analysing them through four relevant terms, we suggest on how to widen the concept and network of cultural planning.
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Blatch, Timothy. "Towards more integrated human-nature relationships: A Local Area Spatial Development Framework for the Two Rivers Urban Park (TRUP) Site." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/23418.
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In this dissertation, the author explores the theme and concept of enabling more integrated human-nature relationships through strategic spatial planning. The idea that ecological planning, at a number of scales, should be an integral part of the strategic spatial planning process, in order to enable this integration, was investigated, in the current context of environmental degradation as a result of unsustainable development trajectories, climate change uncertainty, social and economic inequality, the need for compaction, and the need to strategically develop well-located catalytic sites in the city. The notion of positive and sustainable spatial planning as an enabler of more integrated human-nature relationships is investigated in terms of ecological approaches to development. The current disconnection of humans and nature has long been attributed to anthropocentric , post-industrial, and consumerist paradigms which have encouraged unsustainable urban development models, usually with assumed inevitable negative effects on the natural environment. As a result, the natural world's carrying capacity, quality, and presence in urban areas, has been severely compromized. This has limited nature's capacity to provide the necessary life support systems for humans and development and essential goods and services. This study, therefore, suggests that a paradigm shift is necessary in terms of how urban development and the natural environment interact and in terms of fostering the conditions necessary for more integrated human-nature relationships. This paradigm shift is within the realm of possibility within the ecological and spatial planning discourses. This study develops and presents a local area spatial development framework for a well-located site in the Cape Town Metropolitan area: the Two Rivers Urban Park (TRUP) site. This SDF represents the development of a spatial model for as to how more-integrated human-nature relationships can be enabled through spatial planning on the site. The study presents a literature review of literature relevant to human-nature relationships, spatial planning, and ecological planning in order to establish a theoretical framework before conducting a multi-layer anaysis of the status quo of the site. A SDF is then presented to guide responsible, positive, and sustainable development on the site over a twenty year period (2016-2036). The implementation framework is then presented before the dissertation is concluded and the major findings, recommendations, and contributions of the study are discussed. The methods and techniques used for data collection, analysis, and interpretation included case study methods, discourse and policy analysis, desktop research, observations, non-structured interviews, mapping, aerial photography, Geographical Information Systems (GIS) analysis, and an iterative conceptual design process. The SDF was generated in response to the theoretical framework and contextual analysis of the site. The major conclusions and findings were that, through the process of developing the SDF, it is possible to exhibit how spatial and ecological planning may be integrated in order to enable and foster deeper connections between humans and nature. The framework seeks to exhibit good-practice pilot projects and strategic interventions which should be innovatively implemented in terms of satisfying the criteria of positive development, sustainability, and depper human-nature relationships. A series of intentional and conscious eco-village type communities are envisioned on the site, whose way of life is closely connected and integrated into a single socio-ecological system with nature. Recommendations for future planning and research are presented and a personal reflection articulated before the study is concluded.
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Altman, Andrew D. (Andrew Dana). "Seeing the city within the context of human experience both past and present : a framework for planners to learn about the city and inform planning practice." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/14963.
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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 1987.Title as it appeared in Massachusetts Institute of Technology Graduate List June 1987: Tenacity amidst change; the experience of the Russian Jewish community of Society Hill, Philadelphia.
Bibliography: leaves 95-100.
by Andrew D. Altman.
M.C.P.
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Schüttemeyer, Anke. "Verdichtete Siedlungsstrukturen in Sydney Lösungsansätze für eine nachhaltige Stadtentwicklung /." Sankt Augustin : In Kommission bei Asgard-Verlag, 2005. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/61180781.html.
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Alshebli, Abdulmohsen. "Towards making urban planning practices more effective amid rapid urban growth in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2018. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/8472/.
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This thesis explores the area of urban planning practices examining the rapid urban growth in Riyadh. The research was motivated by the fact that Riyadh continues to suffer from rapid uncontrolled urban growth, with resultant problems in its infrastructure. These problems are associated with the urban planning path failures, both in terms of the discourses and the practices. As result, the urban plan did not help to control the city growth. The research firstly analyses the driving forces that influence urban planning, focusing on three issues as the main reasons for ongoing expansion: planning law, planning structure, and how planning relates to energy discourses in Saudi Arabia. Secondly, it evaluates spatial planning practices revealing four themes for developers and planners to consider: settlement patterns, urban design, land use patterns and transport. Thirdly, by revealing the mechanisms underlying the planning environment it demonstrates how the structures in place affect urban planning practices. Finally, based on the literature review and the findings of the empirical chapters and interviews with those who work in urban planning the thesis offers an understanding of planners’ practices, how they contribute to continued unsustainable growth and, offers policy recommendations for a more sustainable planned future for Riyadh and other cities in Saudi Arabia.
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Mallik, Chandralekha. "Preservation of human scale : in the continuous process of urban development /." Thesis, Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25799952.
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Hallberg, Jonas. "Den (o)föränderliga staden - en studie av stadsplaneteorier : The (un)changeable city - a study of urban planning theories." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för tema, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-151562.
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Som analysen framhäver så innehåller stadsplanetyperna spår av varandra. Då stadsplanering är en lagrande, oändlig process, där vår tids stadsplaneringsbygge lagras på äldre stadsplanering, innehåller alla våra kända stadsplaneideal någon form av äldre ideal. De olika stadsplanetyperna differentierar sig snarare genom tillägg till äldre bebyggelse än helt nya ideal. Det Antika stadsidealet finns i de flesta, ursprungligen antika städer, såsom alla ”Chester”-städer och London I England. Samtidigt finns det medeltida idealet även där med kyrkorna centralt placerade i staden. Renässansstaden finns genom rutnätsplanen och radiära stadsplanen med de långa gatorna som löper linjärt och diagonalt. Industristaden finns genom de utvidgade paradgatorna och tätare bebyggelse, samtidigt som trädgårdsstaden, det konstnärliga och rekreationsytorna finns, som exempelvis Hyde Park. Detta visar att alla dessa stadsplaner bygger på varandra och inte står ensamma i sin gestaltning. Det är lättare att bygga ut städer med ny bebyggelse och nya ideal än att riva den gamla. Idealen i sig har inte förändrats. Studien visar att städernas funktion har växlat, men alltid försökt bibehålla en balans mellan funktion och rekreation, som ”revolutionen” på 1800–1900-talet med Sitte och Howard och Salt, Owen och Ledoux vittnar om. Revolutionen innefattar nu också ett krav på hållbarhet som är svårt att tillgodose men som likväl behöver beaktas i framtida stadsplaneringar.
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Windmiller, Bryan Steven. "The pond, the forest, and the city : spotted salamander ecology and conservation in a human-dominated landscape /." Thesis, Connect to Dissertations & Theses @ Tufts University, 1996.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Tufts University, 1996.Adviser: Frances S. Chew. Submitted to the Dept. of Biology. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 173-184). Access restricted to members of the Tufts University community. Also available via the World Wide Web;
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Bowles, Doug Eaton Peter James. "Geographic information systems-based analysis of metropolitan development, decline, and recovery." Diss., UMK access, 2005.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Dept. of Economics and Dept. of Sociology/Criminal Justice & Criminology. University of Missouri--Kansas City, 2005."A dissertation in economics and social science." Advisor: Peter J. Eaton. Typescript. Vita. Title from "catalog record" of the print edition Description based on contents viewed March 12, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 301-324). Online version of the print edition.
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Ali, Toudert Fazia. "Dependence of outdoor thermal comfort on street design in hot and dry climate." Freiburg [Breisgau] : Meteorologisches Inst, 2005. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=014731769&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Eraydin, Zeynep. "Building A Legible City: How Far Planning Is Successful In Ankara." Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12608221/index.pdf.
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Human environment perceptual relationships have significant effects on human psychology in urban spaces. The concepts of urban legibility and imageability concentrate on these relationships and define components to create livable places by organizing the physical structure. However, determining legibility components is not sufficient in order to define whether a place legible or not.
This thesis explores Gestalt laws of perception can be used to re-define the relationships among legibility components by setting some guidelines. The main aim of this thesis is to find out how far planning is successful in creating legible environments which is evaluated by legibility guidelines set. The thesis also aims to explore issues that make an environment more readable than others. To this end, Çayyolu district containing several sub-districts which are recently developed by plans are examined in a comparable way. The result of the analyses show that the concepts of legibility and imageability are underestimated in planning practices in Ç
ayyolu which is based on two-dimensional subdivisions of lands and three dimensional determination of bulks of structures. In other words, the Ç
ayyolu district does not provide a legible environment and a whole structure for observers that their psychological needs should be met.
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Cheng, Ho Yan. "Human thermal comfort in open space in Tin Shui Wai, Hong Kong." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2009. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/1008.
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Smeddle-Thompson, Lisa. "Implementing sustainable human settlements." Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/20153.
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Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In our rapidly urbanising world, the need for sustainable settlement planning, particularly for the poor in developing countries, is essential. In South Africa, apartheid spatial constructs segregated black population groups, denying them equal access to economic opportunities; housing; as well as basic and social services. After the first democratic elections in 1994, policy makers attempted to redress these inequalities. Though early housing policy aimed to provide secure tenure: permanent residential structures, and access to basic services for the poor, these policies failed to meet the objectives of the policy makers. In articulating that the state could not meet the needs of the homeless, and that housing for the poor should be delivered within a normalized market in order to attract private investment, these policies (which promoted private sector, contractor-driven development) only served to heighten inequalities previously entrenched by the apartheid regime. In 2004, after measuring delivery failures, policy makers empowered the state to become an enabler of subsidised and low-income housing delivery, rather than leaving housing provision solely to the market. The new policy included the use of multiple finance and delivery mechanisms, multiple housing typologies, and clearly expressed the need for capacity development. It also espoused the need for citizens to become participants in sustainable settlement delivery. Despite this, policy implementation continues to be fragmented and mostly ineffectual. Interviews, survey results and site visits reveal that there are some examples of integrated sustainable human settlements in the South African (SA) context. A few recent examples showcase better quality houses, a broader variety of housing options and typologies, better locations, functioning developmental relationships and the use of multiple financing mechanisms. Conversely, case studies and comparative analysis of developments reveal that most projects designated as Breaking New Ground (BNG) responsive by government officials (as defined in the study) fail to meet BNG policy objectives. This study argues that low-income housing provision continues to focus on the delivery of free-standing subsidy houses without providing a range of typologies and tenure options. It argues that basic and socialservice provision is intermittent and, at times, non-existent. It argues that current funding models for the development of sustainable human settlements in low-income communities are unable to meet basic needs within communities. It shows that skills scarcities within government prevent the acceleration of housing delivery and that participation strategies have failed to meet the policy objective of enabling citizens to become participants in sustainable settlement development. In conclusion, it recommends that the current focus on and allocations of subsidies toward ownership models for shelter and housing delivery be re-examined. It suggests that support should be provided for lending institutions to extend finance to creditworthy, low- and middle-income families. Additionally, accredited capacitybuilding programmes should be developed and funded for local authorities, enabling local government to be the sole driver of local development. It argues that capacity should be built in community organisations to speed up delivery processes, and recommends that provincial government’s power and authority be incrementally devolved to local government as capacity is increased within local authorities.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Weens die snelle verstedeliking in Suid-Afrika het die behoefte aan beplanning van volhoubare nedersettings noodsaaklik geword, veral vir armes in ontwikkelende lande. Tydens apartheid is gesegregeerde swart gemeenskappe gelyke toegang tot ekonomiese geleenthede, behuising, sowel as basiese en maatskaplike dienste ontneem. Na 1994 het beleidmakers gepoog om hierdie ongelykhede reg te stel. Hoewel vroeë behuisingsbeleid daarop gemik was om permanente residensiële strukture wat toegang tot basiese dienste sou verseker, het hierdie beleid egter gefaal. Toe die staat nie sy doelwitte kon bereik nie, is daar besluit om private beleggings te lok. Hierdie privaatsektor gedrewe beleid, wat ontwikkeling binne 'n genormaliseerde mark sou bevorder, het egter slegs gedien om ongelykhede te verskerp. Dit is dan ook dieselfde ongelykhede wat voorheen in die apartheidsbeleid verskans is. In 2004, na besef is dat verskaffing misluk het, het beleidmakers die staat bemagtig om te verseker dat gesubsidieerde behuising vir lae-inkomste groepe verskaf word, eerder as om behuising slegs aan die private sektor oor te laat. Die nuwe beleid het ingesluit die gebruik van verskeie finansiële en leweringsmeganismes, meervoudige behuising-tipologieë, en het duidelik die behoefte aan kapasiteitsontwikkeling vergestalt. Dit het ook die behoefte onderstreep wat daar bestaan vir landsburgers om deel te neem aan die proses van lewering van volhoubare nedersettings. Ten spyte hiervan is min sukses behaal. Hierdie studie voer aan dat daar 'n paar voorbeelde van geïntegreerde volhoubare menslike nedersettings in die Suid-Afrikaanse konteks bestaan. Onlangse voorbeelde dui op huise van ‘n beter gehalte, 'n groter verskeidenheid van behuisingsopsies en tipologieë, geskikter ruimtes, die funksionering van die ontwikkelingsverhoudings en die gebruik van verskeie finansieringsmeganismes. Aan die ander kant, alhoewel regeringsamptenare die meeste projekte aanvaar as synde dat hulle voldoen aan die vereistes van Breaking New Ground (BNG), voldoen hulle nie aan die vereistes van die BNG se beleid nie. Hierdie studie voer aan dat die voorsiening van lae-inkomste-behuising bly fokus op die lewering van subsidies vir vrystaande huise sonder dat 'n reeks tipologieë en ook opsies ten opsigte van verblyfreg verskaf word. Basiese en maatskaplike diensvoorsiening is gebrekkig en soms totaal afwesig. Hierbenewens is die huidige finansiële modelle vir die ontwikkeling van volhoubare menslike nedersettings in lae-inkomste gemeenskappe nie in staat om in die basiese behoeftes van die gemeenskappe te voorsien nie. Dis duidelik dat ‘n tekort aan vaardighede binne die regering verhoed dat die lewering van behuising versnel en dat die strategieë vir deelname deur burgers aan die proses ook gefaal het. Ten slotte beveel hierdie studie aan dat die huidige stelsel vir die toekennings van subsidies vir die lewering van skuiling en behuising weer nagegaan word. Ondersteuning moet gegee word aan instellings wat finansiering voorsien en dit behoort uitgebrei te word na lae- en middel-inkomste families wat kredietwaardig is. Kapasiteitsbou-programme behoort geskep te word vir plaaslike owerhede wat dan alleen sal omsien na plaaslike ontwikkeling. Gemeenskapsorganisasies behoort ook bemagtig te word om leweringsprosesse te bespoedig. Die provinsiale regering se magte en gesag moet inkrementeel oorhandig word aan plaaslike regering soos kapasiteit binne plaaslike owerhede self uitbrei.
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Mouritz, Mike. "Sustainable urban water systems : policy and professional praxis /." Mouritz, Mike (1996) Sustainable urban water systems: policy and professional praxis. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 1996. http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/211/.
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The provision of water, wastewater and stormwater infrastructure is an essential ingredient of cities. However, questions are being raised about the type and form of urban infrastructure, for economic and environmental reasons. Traditionally these techologies have offered linear solutions, drawing increasing volumes of water into cities and discharging waste at ever increasing levels, causing escalating stress on the environment. In addition the costs of water infrastructure provision and replacement, both in the developing and developed world, is becoming prohibitive. In response, a new paradigm has been called for and new solutions are emerging that have been labelled as Integrated Urban Water Management (IUWM). This concept can be considered to consist of both technical and philosophical dimensions, and represents a new form of professional praxis. However, the adoption of these techniques and concepts is constrained by the inertia of the existing urban water systems. It is therefore argued that the introduction of any change must occur across a number of dimensions of the technoeconomic system of the city. These dimensions-artefacts and technical systems (i.e. the technology and knowledge systems), professional praxis and socio-political context (i.e. institutions, culture and politics) and biophysical realities and world views (i.e. the environment and underlying values) - provide a framework for analysis of the change process - both how it is occurring and how it needs to occur. This framework is used to illustrate the link between environment values and the process of technological innovation, and points to the need for the emerging values and innovations to be institutionalised into the professional praxis and socio-political context of society. Specifically, it is argued that a new form of transdisciplinary professional praxis is emerging and needs to be cultivated. A broad review of the literature, an evaluation of selected emerging technologies and three case studies are used to illustrate and argue this position. These examples show the potential economic, social and environmental benefits of IUWM and provide some insight into the potential which this approach has to influence the form and structure of the city and at the same time highlighting the institutional arrangements required to manage urban water systems.
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Bock, G. Steven. "FAIL-SAFE SUBURBIA : or how I stopped worrying and learned to love the strip." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/23452.
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Nikitina, Daria. "Post-socialist urban planning : Local needs in the City of Murmansk, Russia." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Kulturgeografi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-153739.
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Urban research is aware of being culturally embedded, and inability to break free from history in some cases may explain why the change goes in a particular direction. After more than 70 years of centrally planned community and isolation, present urban structures in Russia stand as arenas for the system transitions. The political and socio-economic changes of the last decades had an impact on urban structures and relations between the different levels of planning. The municipalities are now assumed to be independent in terms of decision-making and local priorities, urban programs and civic engagement procedures. While the degree of success in urban development varies between the different Russian cities, the paper studies the local planning functions as well neighborhood governance and puts the results into the soviet planning context. By using in-depth interviews, the data has been collected providing a knowledgebase of the subject across the study area. The results show both various gaps of transformation (e.g. insufficient legislature, lack of local initiative and federal guidance, marginalized master plan, poor neighborhood governance) and path-dependent system (normativism, unsuccessful civic engagement, lack of communication between different institutions, companies and publics). The discussion argues that at the national scale the issue lies in the uncompleted socio-cultural transformation, which creates a quasi-existent planning system at the local level.
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Lucic, Katija. "Human scale in the urban design of Montreal residential developments." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23319.
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How and why the scale of streets and squares has evolved from intimate and human settings to the contemporary neglect of human needs in open space is the focus of investigation in this research. An understanding of the concept of "human scale" establishes the variables that characterize humanly-scaled open space, which in turn identify transformations in the urban environment. In addition, the origins and development of zoning regulations help to trace the factors that degrade urban space and influence the loss of human scale. This loss has been identified in the adaptation of pre-industrial urban space to the novelties of technological and industrial expansion. The complexity of solutions to such issues as traffic congestion, the urgent need for new housing accommodation, overcrowding and hygienic problems influenced the new regulations that directly altered human scale through changes in street dimensions, land use patterns and size of houses and lots. In post-WW II developments these regulations became the single design tool and they greatly impeded the establishment of human scale. Recent changes in urban design practice and the reintroduction of human scale to the design of open space are not only a demonstration of increasing sensitivity towards aesthetic qualities but also a product of the new socio-economic and environmental climate. Through analysis of compositional laws and the planning practice of different Montreal residential neighborhoods over the last hundred years the author demonstrates how visual quality and human scale are the product of a complex series of socio-economic, technical and political issues.
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Vargo, Jason Adam. "Planning for the new urban climate: interactions of local environmental planning and regional extreme heat." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/45957.
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The Earth's climate is changing and cities are facing a warmer future. As the locus of economic activity and concentrated populations on the planet, cities are both a primary driver of greenhouse gas emissions and places where the human health impacts of climate change are directly felt. Cities increase local temperatures through the conversion of natural land covers to urban uses, and exposures to elevated temperatures represent a serious and growing health threat for urban residents. This work is concerned with understanding the interactions of global trends in climate with local influences tied to urban land covers. First, it examines temperatures during an extended period of extreme heat and asks whether changes in land surface temperatures during a heat wave are consistent in space and time across all land cover types. Second, the influences of land covers on temperatures are considered for normal and extreme summer weather to find out which characteristics of the built environment most influence temperatures during periods of extreme heat. Finally, the distribution of health vulnerabilities related to extreme heat in cities are described and examined for spatial patterns.
These topics are investigated using meteorology from the summer of 2006 to identify extremely hot days in the cities of Atlanta, Chicago, Philadelphia, and Phoenix and their surrounding metropolitan regions. Remotely sensed temperature data were examined with physical and social characteristics of the urban environment to answer the questions posed above. The findings confirm that urban land covers consistently exhibit higher temperatures than surrounding rural areas and are much more likely to be among the hottest in the region, during a heat wave specifically. In some cities urban thermal anomalies grew between the beginning and end of a heat wave. The importance of previously recognized built environment thermal influences (impervious cover and tree canopy) were present, and in some cases, emphasized during extreme summer weather. Extreme heat health health vulnerability related to environmental factors coincided spatially with risks related to social status. This finding suggests that populations with fewer resources for coping with extreme heat tend to reside in built environments that increase temperatures, and thus they may be experiencing increased thermal exposures.
Physical interventions and policies related to the built environment can help to reduce urban temperatures, especially during periods of extremely hot weather which are predicted to become more frequent with global climate change. In portions of the city where populations with limited adaptive capacity are concentrated, modification of the urban landscape to decrease near surface longwave radiation can reduce the chances of adverse health effects related to extreme heat. The specific programs, policies, and design strategies pursued by cities and regions must be tailored with respect to scale, location, and cultural context. This work concludes with suggestions for such strategies.
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Lane, Barbara Diana. "Materiality and popular culture." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/21803.
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Cox, William E. "Towards a genius loci : Atlanta architecture and urbanism." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/30739.
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Okamoto, Paul Craig. "Architecture between the idea and the reality : a comparative study of ecological philosophy with the architecture of Paoli Soleri." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1987. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ARCHM/09archmo41.pdf.
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Grubbs, Thomas E. "ENTREPRENEURIALISM MEETS THE SUSTAINABLE CITY: THE CASE OF LEXINGTON’S TOWN BRANCH COMMONS." UKnowledge, 2017. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/geography_etds/52.
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Although the idea of the entrepreneurial city is nothing new, recent research in contemporary urban geography and related disciplines indicates that the modus operandi of such entrepreneurial endeavors has shifted, as a result of an increasing recognition and acceptance of global climate change, to include and even prioritize sustainable urban development discourses and practices. While these discourses purportedly culminate in the production of the “sustainable city,” they often fail to deliver upon their promise to create a greener, more sustainable city for all. Such practices, in an effort to help cities obtain an urban sustainability fix (While et al. 2004), often lead to the selective uptake and implementation of “sustainable” policies and projects by local governments and members of the urban elite in their efforts to positively market their respective cities to potential residents and investors. The city of Lexington, Kentucky’s ongoing efforts to establish a new downtown park system—the Town Branch Commons—along the route of a once buried stream, is representative of how such a sustainability fix is both conceived of and ultimately produced by urban elites in the contemporary neoliberal city.
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Alcazar, Liza. "Att inte bli iakttagen men ändå bli sedd : En studie om tjejers trygghet i det offentliga rummet och hur det kan planeras för trygga och jämställda miljöer." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Kulturgeografi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-148787.
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Abstract Making individuals feel safe in public space is an increasingly relevant issue in planning the city's public space. However, fear is not easy to explain or counteract as this is something that is highly subjective. Many urban planning projects are being carried out today focusing on creating safe and equal environments. Such a project is Frizon in Umeå municipality, which is a meeting place based on young girls' experience of security and gender equality.This study tries to create an understanding of how planners can work with girls' safety in the public space, as well as create an understanding of how places that are planned based on security and gender equality can be perceived.The study has been conducted through interviews, surveys and observations, in which young girls experience the city of Umeå and the meeting place Frizon has been the focus.The result shows that the city is primarily a place to hang out with friends and the places most used by the girls in the city are the central parts for shopping and food, but also some of the city's parks.Many of the girls who participated in the study feel insecure sometimes when in the city, but this is something that occurs mainly when they are alone. Hanging out with their friends is not just something they do for socializing, but this is also something that gives them a sense of security. The result also shows that Frizon is an appreciated place by many girls, but that the site partially feels somewhat unavailable during certain times of the day and year.
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Shandas, Vivek. "Towards an integrated approach to urban watershed planning : linking vegetation patterns, human preferences, and stream biotic conditions in the Puget Sound lowland /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10824.
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Saf, Hayriye Oya Ergül Emre. "A typological analysis of parsel-house relationship im Ottoman Western Anatolian cities: The Case of Kula/." [s.l.]: [s.n.], 2004. http://library.iyte.edu.tr/tezler/master/mimarlik/T000447.pdf.
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Vaughan, James W. "Growth and change in a paradigmatic region : is it sustainable? does planning make a difference? /." View online, 2006. http://ecommons.txstate.edu/dissertations/AAI3252700/.
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Laverne, Robert James. "Loss of Urban Forest Canopy and the Related Effects on Soundscape and Human Directed Attention." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1483721382249909.
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Gutas, Thembani Lawrence. "The Mayor's listening campaign in the integrated development planning process : a case study of the city of Cape Town." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/247.
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September, Charl J. "Human resource planning challenges - a case study of the Department of Library and Information Services in the City of Cape Town." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5197.
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Magister Administrationis - MAdminThis study focuses on the human resource planning challenges of the Department of Library and Information Services in the City of Cape Town. In line with this focus the study seeks to determine the way in which the human resource planning strategies of the City of Cape Town impacts on departmental effectiveness and service delivery output of the Department of Library and Information Services. The study further endeavours to determine what the human resource planning processes in the Department of Library and Information Services entails as well as whether human resource planning in the Department of library and Information Services takes the external environment into account. The study is qualitative and employs a case study approach in order to reveal the reality of the situation. Structured questionnaires and the researcher’s observations were utilised to gather the research data whilst books, journal articles and government policies and documents were extensively consulted during the course of the study. The research findings indicated that the Department of Library and Information Services lacks a comprehensive human resource plan. Talent management and succession planning is not formally practised in the department and the work place skills plan of the department is not run optimally. The fact that the department is classified as an unfunded mandate also contributes to the current human resource environment in the department. It is recommended that the COCT involves the DLIS in its human resources policy formulation processes.
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Mausch-Dębowska, Olga J. "Local government and civil society in a post-socialist Polish city : a case study of Poznań." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2011. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/2650/.
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Between 1989 and 2007, Poland went through numerous reforms, the aim of which was to build a democratic country based on the rule of law. At the core of the multiple transition from the communist state to democracy was devolution which has been translated at different scales, national, regional and local. Of central importance were the local government reforms. Analyses of local outcomes of democratisation need to include the difficult to measure effects which manifest themselves through activities of local authorities and local communities. The aim of this thesis is to help fill the gap in understanding the processes and outcomes of the democratic transition by investigating the functioning of democracy at the local level, focusing on local self-government and its relations with civil society in the context of democratic consolidation in one of the major cities in Poland – Poznań and two of its community-based self-governing bodies called Estates which are accessory sub-local government units. The main question of this thesis is what is democratic about Poznań’s local government today. Here, the functioning of local representative democracy and citizens’ inclusion in local decision making are key. It is argued that in a ‘healthy’ democracy the actual practices of local authorities should facilitate an increasing involvement of local residents in decision-making processes. Consequently I focused on local democratic practices trying to evaluate local government’s responsiveness, effectiveness and accountability. In the light of the prevailing opinion that civil society in CEE has been weak, the effectiveness and efficiency of civil society in Poznań and its relations with the local authorities were explored. The study was based on a combination of qualitative (interviews) and quantitative (questionnaires) methods of research. The research identifies that the activities of the local government of Poznań are symptomatic of the authorities’ recognition of the need to be responsive, effective and accountable. Poznań’s authorities have partners in civil society. Among these partners are organisations with a low level of formality, i.e. a community, neighbourhood and a group of residents which organise themselves to achieve their objectives. The environment (law, regulations and attitudes of local authorities) in which they operate was noted to be important to their activities and much effort has been put into upgrading the quality and intensity of the authorities’ communication with local residents. The learning process has reached the stage at which the democratic system has begun to improve itself, a sign of a maturing democracy. The thesis addresses a gap in the literature on the processes underpinning democratic consolidation in Poland. Its findings suggest that as the reformers of Polish local government in the years immediately following the overthrow of communist rule believed, local democracy and local democratic practices are an important component of the wider (national) project of democratic consolidation.
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Ingmansson, Ida. "Women and Water Governance in Peri-Urban settlements : A case study from the community Caltongo in Mexico City." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Kulturgeografiska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-157990.
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Water insecurity is one of the biggest socio-environmental challenges of our time. As water gets scarce, already disempowered groups become further marginalized. Throughout the last decades “good” water governance has been presented by global institutions and organizations as a key concept to render water management more effective, sustainable and democratic. However, general theories of “good” governance have been criticized for being gender-blind and for failing to recognize how governance is adopted at a local level, leading to different outcomes for people based on their social identity. The aim of this thesis is to identify water governance arrangements in Caltongo, a peri-urban community in Mexico City, and analyze what outcomes these arrangements have for women. The thesis builds on a feminist political ecology framework that cuts through both theory and method. Empirical data is collected through semi-structured interviews with women and community leaders in Caltongo. The analysis builds on a model that uses three concepts to define governance: resources, mechanisms and outcomes. The results of this analysis show that the strategies that women in Caltongo draw from to access water are based around political involvement, cash payment for water services and social networks. The outcomes are different for different women depending on their ability to use these strategies.
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Sjöqvist, Erika. "Struggling for gender equality in Husby : Feminist insights for a transformative urban planning." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Kulturgeografiska institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-322921.
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This study explores how urban planning can adjust to goals about gender equality by assessing the ongoing project to reconstruct the center of Husby in northern Stockholm. The state-owned housing company in the area has decided to incorporate feminist perspectives in the planning and has named the project feminist urban planning. Through interviews and analysis of news- and debate articles, the study investigates how involved actors view feminist urban planning and identifies advantages and challenges within the project. Drawing on feminist urban planning theories and theories about the just city, it is concluded that feminist urban planning is about the distribution of power and to make inhabitants part of the decision-making. Additionally, the study argues that disagreement and conflict can be interpreted as part of the struggle that necessarily goes on in any process that strive to challenge and change injustices in society. However, for this struggle to go on and have a real effect on the development of the city, practices that make people’s experiences of oppression and injustices part of the decision-making in the city must be developed.
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Cizinsky, Stefan. "Pokémon GO and the city : How Pokémon GO players in Uppsala use, experience and connect to the city." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Kulturgeografiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-185719.
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Pokémon GO hit the world with a bang in the summer of 2016 and has since then set new records regarding revenue on multiple occasions. It has been researched extensively, although first and foremost from a HCI (human-computer interactions) and healthcare/public health perspective. In particular, studies approaching the phenomenon from a human geography and urban planning perspective have been very limited. This study therefore takes an inductive and exploratory approach and explores the ways in which Pokémon GO influences how players use and experience the city and how urban planners can use Pokémon GO in their work. To do this, nine interviews were conducted, six with currently active players and three with completely new players. A number of different themes emerged from the interviews and was subsequently used to structure the results. Physical activity, social interactions and benefits and exploration and discovery were the most prominent themes and also the most frequently mentioned reasons why players enjoy the game. Finally the findings are discussed in relation to planning with a focus on participatory planning practices but also in more general terms regarding urban and spatial planning.
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Holthaus, Annika. "The edible city: A concept for the sustainable and resilient city during the COVID-19 pandemic? : A case study of Andernach and Todmorden." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Kulturgeografiska institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-193843.
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The COVID-19 pandemic exposed the vulnerability of cities and set a new focus on planning sustainable and resilient cities. This thesis aims to assess the edible city, where edible plants are grown in public spaces, in terms of sustainability and resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic and evaluate its contribution to urban sustainability and resilience. Further, it explores the implications for planning an edible city. As part of this case study, 10 semi-structured interviews were conducted in two edible cities: Edible City Andernach, Germany and Incredible Edible Todmorden, England. The results of this study demonstrate that both edible cities contribute to sustainability, but each is skewed towards one sustainability dimension. Concerning resilience, the study illustrates that both cases are able to withstand the pandemic impacts and adapt particularly in their focus sustainability dimension. However, general resilience is negatively impacted by a stance of waiting-it-out. For planning an edible city, a combination of a top-down and bottom-up approach is recommended. In conclusion, this thesis shows that the edible city contributes to urban sustainability and resilience through the continuing provision of ecosystem services and co-benefits during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Corghi, Fernanda Nascimento 1982. "Urbanização e segregação socio-espacial em Bauru (SP) : um estudo de caso sobre a Bacia hidrografica do Corrego da Agua Comprida." [s.n.], 2008. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/287374.
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Orientador: Antonio Carlos VitteDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociencias
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Resumo: Esta pesquisa se fundamenta na hipótese de que a produção do espaço urbano de Bauru é produto da relação complexa entre características do meio natural e interações antrópicas em sítio urbano. Por isso, este projeto vem de encontro aos processos de disputa territorial que emergem do espaço urbano desigual na cabeceira da bacia hidrográfica do Córrego da Água Comprida, sobre a qual se objetiva analisar o processo de formação desigual, de acordo com a lógica de urbanização do município e do Brasil. Bauru é um centro sub-regional do Estado de São Paulo, e como tal, reproduz em seu território o modo de produção capitalista segregador, o que o torna palco de constantes lutas de classes. Os debates sobre a reforma urbana se acentuam no espaço urbano contemporâneo, pois os enclaves fortificados e as favelas, como expressão da concentração do capital são, expressão da lógica de divisão territorial e da (re)produção do complexo social. A área estudada chama atenção por apresentar uma complexa fragmentação territorial e um histórico de degradação ambiental, onde uma relativa concentração de condomínios fechados se dá em meio a um assentamento de baixa renda não regularizado e a remanescentes florestais com vistas a serem loteados, apesar do interesse contrário da comunidade. A ocupação irregular, denominada Jardim Nicéia, teve origem durante o governo militar (1964-1988), governo que busca desenvolver o capitalismo, porém não investe em política social. O processo de favelização surgiu como sintoma de parte dos migrantes que não tinha condição de financiar uma casa pelo sistema de financiamento da habitação e invadiu áreas institucionais. O Nicéia se enquadra neste processo e, atualmente se encontra em contraste fronteiriço e temporal aos loteamentos fechados que surgiram depois da década de 90, ligados às novas centralidades, cuja idealização se encontra no modelo de cidade que surgiu a partir da intensificação da globalização. A relação centro periferia muda. As novas periferias urbanas são formadas por condomínios, loteamentos, shopping centers, e o Nicéia surgem como resquício da ditadura em meio a essa nova lógica processual. Para a constituição do presente projeto procurou-se participar do processo de luta dos ativistas da bacia, observando, fornecendo dados, e registrando sob a forma de entrevistas a atuação dos envolvidos. As alterações físicas foram registradas sob a forma de fotografias. A cartografia se baseou em fotos aéreas e mapas de altimetria, clinografia e geotécnica para analisar como o processo de urbanização se desenvolveu no sítio urbano. A bibliografia permitiu contextualizar os movimentos no processo de urbanização brasileira e compreender a luta pela racionalidade socioambiental no mundo contemporâneo. Os movimentos sociais estudados lutam por interesses, aquém da mera racionalidade econômica e graças a eles, a mata que já poderia estar loteada, hoje continua preservada, e a ocupação irregular em meio aos condomínios, que já poderia ter sido removida, encontra-se em franco processo de usucapião especial. Os movimentos socioambientais se pautam nas diretrizes do Plano Diretor Participativo e continuam dispostos a lutar pela reapropriação social da natureza, mesmo sem a aprovação da Câmara Municipal.
Abstract: This research is based on the hypothesis that production of urban space of Bauru is product of complex relationship between characteristics of the natural environment and antropical interactions in the urban area. Therefore this Project is linked with the processes of territorial dispute which emerge from the unlike urban space in the origin of the hydrographic basin of Água Comprida stream, on which it intends to analyze the process of unequal formation, according to the logic of urbanization of the county and of Brazil. Bauru is a sub-regional center of the State of São Paulo, and as such, reproduces in its territory the type of segregational capitalistic production, which turns it into a scenario of constant class struggles. The debates on urban reform are intensified on the contemporary urban space, since the fortified residential areas and the shantytown, as demonstration of the concentration of capital are an expression of the logic of territorial division and of the (re)production of the complex social situation. The study area is distinguish for its complex territorial fragmentation and a history of environmental degradation, where a relative concentration of closed condominiums are located in the midst of an unregulated low-income settlement and a remaining forest in order to be parceling, in spite of the community's disapproval. The illegal occupation, called as Jardim Nicéia, originated during the military government (1964-1988) that seeks to develop capitalism, but does not invest in social policy. The "ghettoing" process emerged as a symptom from the migrants who had no means of financing a house through the housing finance system and invaded institutional areas. The Nicéia fits in this process, and currently is in contrast both of terms of boundary and season with the closed lotting areas which surged after the 90s, linked to the new centralities areas, whose idealization is the model city that emerged from the intensification of globalization. The center-periphery relationship changes. The new urban peripheries are formed by condominiums, lots, shopping centers and the Nicéia appears as a remaining of dictatorship period among this new logic procedural. For the constitution of this project attempts were made to participate in the fighting process together with the activists of the basin, observing, providing data, and forming interviews with the people involved. The physical alterations were registered in the form of photography. The cartography was based on aereal photos and maps of altitude, slope and geotecnics in order to analyze how the urbanization process has developed in the urban area. The bibliography has contextualized the movements in the process of Brazilian urbanization, as well as the understanding of the struggle for socio-environmental rationality in the contemporary world. The social movements studied have interest struggles, which are mainly linked to economic rationality, and thanks to them, the forest which could have been parceling, continues today preserved, and illegal occupation among the condominiums, which might already have been removed, is a free process of Land Ownership. The socio-environmental movements are guided in the regulations of the Participative Master Plan and still willing to fight for social relocation of nature, even without the approval of the city council municipal.
Mestrado
Análise Ambiental e Dinâmica Territorial
Mestre em Geografia