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Journal articles on the topic 'Civil liability of vehicle owners'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 30 May 2022

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Mrozowska - Bartkiewicz, Beata, and Paweł Matej. "Gloss to the Judgment of the Court of Justice of the European Union of 29 April 2021 in the Case of Ostrów County v the Insurance Guarantee Fund (C 383/19)." Prawo Asekuracyjne 4, no. 109 (2021): 96–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.6038.

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On 29 April 2021, the Court of Justice of the European Union in Case C 383/19 passed a preliminary ruling on the interpretation of Article 3 of Directive 2009/103/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 September 2009 on insurance against civil liability in respect of the use of motor vehicles and the enforcement of the obligation to insure against such liability. This judgment is of key importance for Polish insurance industry, especially for maintaining the coherence of the compulsory insurance system of motor liability insurance for motor vehicle owners for damage caused by t

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Zhang, Ruixuan. "Autonomous Vehicles: Legal Governance of Civil Liability Risks." Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media 96, no. 1 (2025): 108–14. https://doi.org/10.54254/2753-7048/2025.bo24130.

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The advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies has driven transformative shifts in transportation, evidenced by the accelerated transition of autonomous vehicles from controlled trials to large-scale public implementation. However, this technological evolution has exposed unprecedented civil liability risks that surpass the governance capacity of conventional traffic legal frameworks. This urgency calls for establishing a systematic legal governance framework focused on liability allocation rules, designed to address the unique challenges of civil liability risks in autonomous dr

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Zalevskaya, S. A., and S. G. Trifonov. "COMMISSIONER FOR THE RIGHTS OF CONSUMERS OF FINANCIAL SERVICES: THE STATUS AND PRACTICE OF ACTIVITY AT THE PRESENT STAGE." Scientific Notes of V. I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University. Juridical science 7 (73), no. 2 (2022): 95–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.37279/2413-1733-2021-7-2-95-102.

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In this article, the author examines the features of the constitutional and legal status of the Commissioner for the rights of consumers of financial services and its place among the functioning commissioners in various fields of activity, as well as issues that arise in the courts when applying the provisions of the Federal Law » On the Commissioner for the Rights of Consumers of Financial Services», establishing the procedure for the pre-trial settlement by the financial commissioner of disputes between consumers of financial services and insurance organizations under contracts of compulsory

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Nguyen, Vu Minh, and Changsoo Lee. "Experience of Korea in setting up an insurance database system and proposed solutions for Vietnam." Ministry of Science and Technology, Vietnam 63, no. 4 (2021): 13–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.31276/vjst.63(4).13-16.

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Clause 1, Article 33, Decree 03/2021/NĐ-CP dated January 15, 2021, on compulsory civil liability insurance of motor vehicle owners, clearly regulate the responsibility of insurance companies in developing and operating information technology system to guarantee statistical affairs and update the implementation of compulsory civil liability insurance of motor vehicle owners to ensure the connection to database on compulsory civil liability insurance of motor vehicle ownersas well as responsibility for insurance companies to provide minimum information on the system. However, in reality, insuran

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Bayan, M., D. A. Ospanova, and O. А. Plotskaya. "Problems of implementation by insurers of the right of recourse to the person who caused the damage." BULLETIN of L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University. LAW Series 145, no. 4 (2023): 146–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.32523/2616-6844-2023-145-4-146-152.

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The authors of this article analyze the current legislation in the field of civil liability insurance of vehicle owners in terms of the use of the insurers’ right of recourse to the person who caused the damage. Article 28 of the Law “On Compulsory Insurance of Civil Liability of Vehicle Owners” dated July 1, 2003 regulates the recovery of insurance payment by way of recourse (regress claims). Analysis of the practice of implementation by insurers of this right in court has revealed some shortcomings and imperfections of the Article 28 of the Law under consideration. As a result, the authors o

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Yakimov, Aleksandr Yu. "Reflections over the Statutory Basis of Road Traffic Related Activities." Administrative law and procedure 2 (February 11, 2021): 10–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.18572/2071-1166-2021-2-10-19.

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The article is devoted to the consideration of the legal framework of activities related to road traffic. It includes road activities, traffic management, production and sales of vehicles, state registration and technical inspection of vehicles, vehicle maintenance and repair, training of vehicle drivers and admission to driving vehicles, mandatory civil liability insurance of vehicle owners, road traffic, passenger and cargo transportation activities. Based on the analysis of individual provisions of the relevant legislative and other normative acts, the existing shortcomings of this legal re

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DANILINA, Irina V. "Analysis of the level of penetration and protection of car owners by the compulsory motor third party liability insurance system in the Russian Federation." Economic Analysis: Theory and Practice 22, no. 11 (2023): 2177–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.24891/ea.22.11.2177.

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Subject. The article considers the effectiveness of existing measures of government control over road traffic safety. Objectives. The focus is on assessing the level of protection of car owners by the compulsory civil liability insurance (OSAGO) for the period from 2014 to 2021. Methods. The study rests on methods of correlation and regression analysis. Results. The analysis of statistical data and law enforcement practice demonstrated that an increase in the number of administrative charges entails a decrease in the number of those who comply with the requirements of Federal Laws "On Road Saf

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ГОНЧАРУК, Д. М., and Л. Н. НАЗАРОВА. "VEHICLE INSURANCE: PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS." Экономика и предпринимательство, no. 2(151) (May 31, 2023): 1240–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.34925/eip.2023.151.2.248.

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В статье приведены данные о страховании транспортных средств в России. Сформулированы основные проблемы автострахования и страхования гражданской ответственности владельцев транспортных средств, предложены возможные пути их решения. The article presents data on vehicle insurance in Russia. The main problems of auto insurance and civil liability insurance of vehicle owners are formulated, as well as possible solutions are proposed.

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И.Ю., Побережная, Побережный С.Г. та Перепелица В.Е. "Проблемные аспекты реализации обязательств по договору страхования гражданской ответственности владельцев транспортных средств в новых реалиях развития национального страхового рынка". International Law Journal 7, № 5 (2024): 121–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.58224/2658-5693-2024-7-5-121-126.

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обязательное страхование автогражданской ответственности (ОСАГО) в России было введено в 2003 году и с тех пор стало неотъемлемой частью правового регулирования дорожного движения. Тем не менее, несмотря на многолетний опыт применения, институт ОСАГО сталкивается с множеством правовых проблем, которые требуют детального анализа и совершенствования нормативно-правовой базы. В данной статье рассматриваются некоторые ключевые правовые проблемы, возникающие при применении договора ОСАГО в 2024 году, а также предлагаются пути их решения. Обязательное страхование гражданской ответственности владельц

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Malinowska-Woźniak, Katarzyna. "Polski i brytyjski model umowy ubezpieczenia odpowiedzialności cywilnej posiadaczy pojazdów mechanicznych." Prawo w Działaniu 46 (2021): 112–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.32041/pwd.4605.

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Liability for damage caused as a result of driving a motor vehicle is borne not only by the person who caused the damage/injury, but also by the insurance company with which a civil liability motor insurance agreement was concluded. In the Polish legal order, a possessor of a motor vehicle is obliged to conclude an insurance agreement, regardless of whether he /she will personally drive the vehicle and regardless of whether the vehicle will be driven at all. This study attempts to answer the question if such a model of civil liability insurance agreement of motor vehicles possessors is appropr

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Alizadeh, Mohammad Gholam. "The basis of civil responsibility of the owners of land motor vehicles in the legal system of Iran and Afghanistan." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EARLY CHILDHOOD SPECIAL EDUCATION 16, no. 1 (2024): 64–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.48047/intjecse/v16i1.8.

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Civil liability caused by land motor vehicles is one of the most important and widely used topics in the field of law. Especially in the current era, the emergence of these devices, which is known as the era of industrial and technological revolution, has brought about a huge transformation in human life, which on the one hand has brought comfort and social welfare to mankind, and on the other hand, caused many losses. It has entered into the body of the society, which is considered as the limitation of social life. For this reason, the civil liability arising from these devices has always bee

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Oleszczak, Jakub. "Use of Multifunctional Vehicles. Gloss to the Resolution of Seven Supreme Court Judges of 14 January 2022, III CZP 7/22." Prawo Asekuracyjne 4, no. 113 (2023): 90–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0016.2763.

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In its resolution the Supreme Court stated that the liability of the insurance company under compulsory civil liability insurance contract concluded by owners of motor vehicles should cover damage resulting from the operation of a device installed in the vehicle also where at the time of the accident, the vehicle is not used as a means of transport. The need for such resolution arouse from discrepancies in jurisprudence after the publication of the judgment of the Court of Justice of the European Union in the Rodrigues de Andrade case. The Supreme Court opted for a broader approach to the use

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Березіна, Світлана Борисівна. "Determination of European vector of insurance development of vehicle owners’ civil liability." Technology audit and production reserves 1, no. 4(33) (2017): 42–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/2312-8372.2017.92962.

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14

Akhmedov, Khasan. "ISSUES OF IMPROVING THE SYSTEM OF COMPENSATION PAYMENTS UNDER COMPULSORY CIVIL LIABILITY INSURANCE." Ижтимоий-гуманитар фанларнинг долзарб муаммолари / Актуальные проблемы социально-гуманитарных наук / Actual Problems of Humanities and Social Sciences. 5, no. 1 (2025): 146–53. https://doi.org/10.47390/spr1342v5i1y2025n17.

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This article is dedicated to the economic significance of the system for ensuring the civil liability of vehicle owners and its regulatory issues. It provides an in-depth analysis of the current state of the insurance sector, existing problems, and their economic implications. The norms related to this type of insurance in the Civil Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the legislation of foreign countries are compared, focusing on their impact on economic efficiency. The article highlights the effects of the liability insurance system for vehicle owners on the economy, including reducing the

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Oh, Ji-Yong. "Legal Liability for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle." LAW RESEARCH INSTITUTE CHUNGBUK NATIONAL UNIVERSITY 13, no. 1 (2022): 147–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.34267/cbstl.2022.13.1.147.

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The existing aircraft operator's liability, in which a person is involved in the operation of an aircraft, can be viewed as an intermediate liability or limited no-fault liability where the burden of proof is switched. However, the legal nature of the operator's liability for autonomous flying aircraft operated by the autonomous flight system should be considered differently from the existing one. In other words, the aircraft owner of an autonomous flying aircraft bears no-fault liability that cannot claim immunity even if the owner does not directly intervene in the operation of the aircraft.

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16

Maeng, Joon Young. "Autonomous Vehicle and Civil Liability Standard ―Legalization of Autonomous Driving and Evaluation Thereof―." Korean Association of Civil Law 110 (March 31, 2025): 407–48. https://doi.org/10.52554/kjcl.2025.110.407.

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With the introduction of autonomous vehicles, various aspects of autonomous driving are being legislated in laws and subordinate rules in our legal system. Motor Vehicle Management Act broadly defines autonomous vehicles, while the Road Traffic Act broadly divides autonomous driving systems into fully autonomous driving systems and partial autonomous driving systems. Regarding the autonomous driving stage, autonomous vehicles are defined as partially autonomous vehicles and fully autonomous vehicles, and in the subordinate rule of the Motor Vehicle Management Act, autonomous driving systems is

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Kiloev, Kaloy G. "TO THE ISSUE OF INSURANCE OF CIVIL LIABILITY OF MOTOR VEHICLE OWNERS IN RUSSIA." Scientific Review. Series 1. Economics and Law, no. 6 (2017): 237–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.26653/2076-4650-2017-6-19.

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MARTSENIUK, Olena. "CURRENT TRENDS OF AUTOTRANSPORT INSURANCE IN UKRAINE." "EСONOMY. FINANСES. MANAGEMENT: Topical issues of science and practical activity", no. 2 (56) (June 29, 2021): 94–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.37128/2411-4413-2021-2-7.

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The research of the article is aimed at highlighting the essence and features of the functioning of the car insurance market in Ukraine. The study found that motor insurance is associated with profound economic and social changes in society due to mass motorization, the growth of the car fleet and traffic intensity, as well as huge material losses as a result of road accidents. It should be noted that freight transport is developing quite rapidly both within the country and abroad. At the same time, an increase in the number of intercity bus transportation, excursion and tourist bus services h

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Melnyk, Tatiana. "Liability Insurance for Owners in Ukraine in the Context of European Integration and Insurance Management." Central Ukrainian Scientific Bulletin. Economic Sciences, no. 9(42) (2023): 225–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.32515/2663-1636.2023.9(42).225-235.

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Mandatory civil liability insurance for owners of land vehicles in Ukraine provides social protection for road accident participants and contributes to European integration processes. The purpose of the research is to analyze the current condition of the car liability insurance market in Ukraine, identify problems and substantiate practical recommendations for improving insurance management, taking into account European integration processes. The mandatory liability insurance for owners of land vehicles in Ukraine was systematized. The structure of the car insurance portfolio of insurance comp

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OVCHINNIKOVA, YULIA. "CTP INSURANCE IN THE LEGAL ASPECT: NEW APPROACHES AND PROSPECTS." Gaps in Russian Legislation 16, no. 2 (2023): 175–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.33693/2072-3164-2023-16-2-175-181.

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The article notes the relevance to date of the problems of law enforcement in legal relations on civil liability insurance of vehicle owners. The author touches upon the economic and legal aspects of CTP. Judicial practice has been analyzed, gaps in legislation have been identified, and proposals for making appropriate changes have been made. Conclusions. By its legal nature, the subjective right of choice granted by law to the victim, which consists in repairing the vehicle (despite non-compliance with the requirements) or in refusing to fulfill the insurance obligation in kind, is not an opp

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Bazarbayev, A. O., B. K. Kupeshova, and B. J. Akpanbetova. "International practice of the bonus-malus system." Central Asian Economic Review, no. 2 (July 16, 2024): 147–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.52821/2789-4401-2024-2-147-159.

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Purpose of the research – evaluation of the eff ectiveness of the "bonus-malus" in the class of compulsory insurance of civil liability of vehicle owners and the identification of the conceptual foundations of compulsory insurance of civil liability inherent in the experience of foreign countries, as well as the development of proposals to improve the rules of this insurance. Methodology – the methodological basis of the research was the works and publications of foreign economic scientists, a set of general scientifi c and private methods of scientific cognition (analytical, systematic method

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Berezina, S. "COMPULSORY INSURANCE OF CIVIL LIABILITY OF OWNERS OF VEHICLES: PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv Economics, no. 184 (2016): 6–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2667.2016/184-7/1.

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Frej, Damian Paweł, and Marek Hupka. "The vehicle insurance and the risk of road accidents in Poland." Archives of Automotive Engineering – Archiwum Motoryzacji 107, no. 1 (2025): 49–81. https://doi.org/10.14669/am/196605.

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Vehicle third-party liability insurance, or civil liability insurance, is not only the most important but above all mandatory insurance for every vehicle owner. Third-party liability insurance covers the costs of repairing damage caused by the insured to other road users. Therefore, vehicle third-party liability insurance protects not so much the insured themselves, but rather third parties who receive financial compensation for damages incurred and compensation for bodily injury. This study analyzed the relationships between vehicle insurance policyholders and individuals involved in road acc

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Shcheglova, Anastasia Aleksandrovna, Victoria Olegovna Yurinova, and Marina Nikolaevna Stepanova. "THE IMPACT OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES ON THE SEGMENT OF COMPULSORY INSURANCE OF CIVIL LIABILITY OF VEHICLE OWNERS." Industrial Economics 6, no. 5 (2021): 510–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.47576/2712-7559_2021_5_6_510.

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Дендиберя, М. Ю., and А. Ю. Дендиберя. "Analysis of economic and legal aspects of unfair insurance practices of insurance organizations in the context of organizing and conducting CTPLI." Экономика и предпринимательство, no. 7(144) (December 2, 2022): 1087–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.34925/eip.2022.144.7.215.

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В статье рассматриваются основные направления недобросовестных практик (злоупотреблений) страховой организации в условиях организации и проведения обязательного страхования гражданской ответственности владельцев транспортных средств. Осуществляется анализ основных направлений воздействия на страховщика в целях его мотивации для надлежащего исполнения принятых страховых обязательств. The article discusses the main areas of unfair practices (abuses) of an insurance company in the context of organizing and conducting compulsory insurance of civil liability of vehicle owners. The analysis of the m

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Borodin, Anton. "Optimization of CTP in the context of general digitalization of economic entities." Economy under Guard 2023, no. 4 (2023): 86–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.36511/2588-0071-2023-4-86-92.

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The scientific article is devoted to the modernization and optimization of the coefficients of the risk premium of compulsory civil liability insurance of vehicle owners, in the context of the general digitalization of economic entities and current geopolitical realities. The calculation of the total payment for CTP insurance is analyzed. It is concluded that key management decisions in achieving the main goal of profit maximization should be economically justified and have the possibility of timely transformation and adaptation to current realities. These provisions can increase the level of

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Piątkowski, Patryk. "The issue of admissibility of applying reliefs (discounts) and bonuses by insurers in determining the amount of compensation for damage to a motor vehicle of the injured. A gloss to the resolution taken by the seven judges of the Supreme Court of 8 May 2024, ref.: III CZP 142/22." Prawo Asekuracyjne 1, no. 118 (2024): 59–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0054.6785.

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The subject of this gloss is the judgment of the Supreme Court of 8 May 2024, reference III CZP 142/22, concerning the determination of compensation to be paid by an insurance company to the injured party under a civil liability insurance contract for owners of motor vehicles. The judgment addresses the question whether is admissible that insurance companies apply discounts when determining the amount of compensation for the injured party's motor vehicle. The issue in question is of significant importance for insurance practice, as for several years the admissibility of this type of activities

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Egorova, Olga Aleksandrovna. "Appointment of a Proper Defendant in Cases Over Insurance Indemnity Under Third Party Liability Insurance Contract." Юридические исследования, no. 11 (November 2019): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-7136.2019.11.31274.

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In this article Egorova analyzes questions that relate to the process of appointment of participants in a judicial process resulting from third party liability insurance contract made by vehicle owners who may act as an obligator on the side of the defendant. The importance of apointing a proper defendant is caused by the fact that these are unique cases that require a different court procedure, thus, the relationship between parties that existed prior the trial may significantly affect the final decision of the court. The research is based on theoretical and comparative analysis of the provis

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Dolgov, Sergej G. "The analysis of the changes introduced into the Federal Law "On the obligatory civil liability insurance of vehicle owners"." Bulletin of the Moskow State Regional University, no. 1 (2012): 184–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.18384/2224-0209-2012-1-179.

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Dendiberya, Maksim Yu, and Elena Yu Lemeshko. "Features of the of tort risk implementation in the system of compulsory insurance of civil liability of vehicle owners." Теория и практика общественного развития, no. 11 (2021): 113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.24158/tipor.2021.11.15.

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Buha, V. V. "LEGAL REGULATION OF CONTRACTS ON COMPULSORY INSURANCE OF CIVIL LIABILITY OF OWNERS OF LAND VEHICLES." Comparative-analytical law 3 (2019): 80–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.32782/2524-0390/2019.3.18.

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Akhmedov, Khasan. "Analysis of Issues in Improving the Compensation Payment Mechanism under Compulsory Insurance for Civil Liability of Vehicle Owners: Uzbekistan and Global Experiences." American Journal of Economics and Business Management 7, no. 12 (2024): 1322–30. https://doi.org/10.31150/ajebm.v7i12.3107.

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This article examines the compensation mechanisms under compulsory civil liability insurance for vehicle owners, focusing on the legislation and practices in Uzbekistan and comparing them with international standards. The aim is to identify challenges and opportunities for optimizing these mechanisms to ensure prompt and fair compensation for third-party damages caused by traffic incidents. The methodology includes a comparative analysis of Uzbekistan’s legal framework and case studies with selected countries known for their effective insurance practices. Key findings reveal several inefficien

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Kulchii, O. O. "JUDICIAL PROTECTION OF PARTICIPANTS IN MOTOR VEHICLE OWNERS' CIVIL LIABILITY INSURANCE RELATIONS IN THE CONTEXT OF HARMONIZATION OF UKRAINIAN AND EU LEGISLATION." Juridical scientific and electronic journal, no. 12 (2024): 104–7. https://doi.org/10.32782/2524-0374/2024-12/22.

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Bilchuk, O. O. "LEGAL STATUS OF MTSBU UNDER THE CONTRACT OF COMPULSORY CIVIL LIABILITY INSURANCE OF OWNERS OF LAND VEHICLES." Juridical scientific and electronic journal, no. 2 (2023): 99–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.32782/2524-0374/2023-2/20.

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БЕРЕЗИНА, Елена Александровна. "THE PROBLEMS OF LEGAL REGULATION OF LEGAL LIABILITY FOR DAMAGE CAUSED BY THE OPERATION OF UNMANNED (AUTONOMOUS, HIGHLY AUTOMATED) VEHICLES." Rule-of-law state: theory and practice 18, no. 3(69) (2022): 41–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.33184/pravgos-2022.3.6.

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The world community is currently at the stage of rapid development of all types of technologies – information, industrial, social, each of which, ideally, should be designed to improve various spheres of public life. However, any of the technologies carries certain risks that society and the legislator should take into account. One of the technologies gaining increasing popularity in many developed countries of the world is autonomous driving technology, which poses new challenges to legislators of all countries, forces them to solve new problems arising in connection with their introduction i

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Klapkiv, Jurij, Lyubov Klapkiv, and Nataliia Zarudna. "ONLINE DISTRIBUTION OF INSURANCE OF CIVIL LIABILITY OF OWNERS OF VEHICLES, THE EXPERIENCE OF POLAND, OPPORTUNITIES OF UKRAINE." Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 4, no. 1 (2018): 195–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2256-0742/2018-4-1-195-201.

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Matvieiev, V. Yu. "ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: SUBJECT OR OBJECT OF CIVIL LEGAL RELATIONS?" Constitutional State, no. 57 (April 15, 2025): 173–79. https://doi.org/10.18524/2411-2054.2025.57.325396.

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The article is devoted to the analysis of the legal status of artificial intelligence (AI) in civil legal relations, which is one of the most debated issues in the legal field. It examines modern approaches to determining AI’s legal subjectivity, as well as the problem of liability for its autonomous actions. The article presents a comprehensive analysis of existing theoretical approaches to defining the legal status of AI, particularly considering the object-based, subject-based, and hybrid approaches used in legal doctrine. Special attention is given to the issue of liability for AI’s autono

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Savranchuk, Liudmyla. "The administrative and legal relationships in the sphere of compulsory civil liability insurance of the owners of vehicles in Ukraine." Aktual’ni problemi pravoznavstva 1, no. 4 (2017): 123–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/app2017.04.123.

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Qistina, Alika Mufida, Rasty Rachelia Erlangga, Tsuroyyaa Maitsaa’ Jaudah, and Puji Sulistyaningsih. "A civil law review of liability in accidents involving electric vehicles with autonomous control systems." BIS Humanities and Social Science 2 (May 30, 2025): V225030. https://doi.org/10.31603/bishss.317.

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The development of electric cars is accelerating, supported by environmentally friendly technology regulations aimed at reducing carbon emissions and dependence on fossil fuels. Electric cars also integrate Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology, giving rise to autonomous driving systems. The implementation of autonomous driving systems is expected to reduce the rate of accidents caused by human error. However, the adoption of electric cars with autonomous systems presents new challenges, particularly related to the risk of accidents. These accidents raise questions about who is responsible f

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Milkowski, Kacper. "Przegląd orzecznictwa Sądu Najwyższego." Radca Prawny, no. 3 (32) (December 29, 2022): 127–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/23921943rp.22.054.17137.

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Overview of the decisions of the Polish Supreme Court The Resolution of the Polish Supreme Court of October 6, 2022 (case file no. III CZP 119/22) is of particular importance for legal practice. The Court indicated that the compensation due from the insurance company under the contract of third party liability insurance of motor vehicle owners for damages arising from the use of these vehicles covers only necessary and economically justified repair costs. In the Resolution of October 6, 2022 (case file no. III CZP 112/22), the Polish Supreme Court stated that the ruling issued in closed sessio

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Milkowski, Kacper. "Przegląd orzecznictwa Sądu Najwyższego (styczeń–luty 2025)." Radca Prawny 42, no. 1 (2025): 169. https://doi.org/10.4467/23921943rp.25.012.21377.

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The resolution of the panel of seven judges of the Polish Supreme Court of January 15, 2025 (case file no. III CZP 17/24) is of utmost importance for legal practice. In this resolution, the Polish Supreme Court held that the amount of the guarantee sum for compulsory third-party liability (TPL) insurance contracts for motor vehicle owners, as specified in the regulations in force at the time of adjudication, may not constitute the sole criterion for valorization under Article 357¹ of the Civil Code. Another important resolution of the Polish Supreme Court is the resolution of the panel of seve

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Dhana, Neha. "The role of beneficial ownership reporting obligations and the reckless trading provision to prevent front companies in terms of the Companies Act 71 of 2008." Journal of Corporate and Commercial Law & Practice, The 8, no. 2 (2022): 29–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.47348/jccl/v8/i2a2.

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The corporate form has the potential to be abused by natural persons. A front company is an example of such abuse. A front company is an incorporated company that is used as a vehicle to conduct illegal activities. The natural persons that control this front company and ultimately benefit from proceeds derived from the illicit conduct conceal their identity by hiding behind the company’s separate legal personality to escape civil and criminal liability. A report indicates that billions of rands are obtained through illegal activities perpetrated against the corporate form in South Africa. This

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Boldyrev, Vladimir A., and Sergey N. Shishkin. "Objects of Civil Rights: the Problem of Technological Neutrality of the Legislator." Pravosudie / Justice 6, no. 4 (2024): 94–107. https://doi.org/10.37399/2686-9241.2024.4.94-107.

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Introduction. The severity of the problem of technological neutrality of legislation is due to the difficulties of predicting the negative consequences of the use of technologies at the stage of development and the complexity of implementing social control at the stage of their widespread dissemination, the need to create such legal regimes under which the objects of civil rights – goods, works and services – will be competitive. Theoretical Basis. Methods. Scientific works on ensuring technological neutrality in the functioning of information systems, when using the radio frequency spectrum,

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Boldyrev, Vladimir, and Sergey SHishkin. "Objects of civil rights: the problem of technological neutrality of the legislator." Pravosudie/Justice 6, no. 4 (2024): 94–107. https://doi.org/10.37399/2686-9241.2024.4.94-107.

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<strong>Introduction. </strong>The severity of the problem of technological neutrality of legislation is due to the difficulties of predicting the negative consequences of the use of technologies at the stage of development and the complexity of implementing social control at the stage of their widespread dissemination, the need to create such legal regimes under which the objects of civil rights - goods, works and services - will be competitive. Theoretical Basis. <strong>Methods.</strong> Scientific works on ensuring technological neutrality in the functioning of information systems, when us

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Tatar, M. S., O. V. Hrebenikova, and I. G. Kovalchuk. "Ensuring the Financial Sustainability of Insurance Companies in the Face of Global Challenges." Business Inform 11, no. 514 (2020): 371–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2020-11-371-378.

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The article is aimed at analyzing the financial sustainability of insurance companies in dynamics, identifying the factors of influence upon it, determining the peculiarities of its provision in the face of global challenges. Global challenges, one of which is the modern pandemic resulting in the introduced socio-behavioral restrictions, caused a decline in business activity of economic entities, which significantly affected the insurance market and actualized the analysis and provision of financial sustainability of insurance companies. As result of the study, liquidity coefficients of insura

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Tatar, M. S., O. V. Hrebenikova, and I. G. Kovalchuk. "Ensuring the Financial Sustainability of Insurance Companies in the Face of Global Challenges." Business Inform 11, no. 514 (2020): 371–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2020-11-371-378.

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The article is aimed at analyzing the financial sustainability of insurance companies in dynamics, identifying the factors of influence upon it, determining the peculiarities of its provision in the face of global challenges. Global challenges, one of which is the modern pandemic resulting in the introduced socio-behavioral restrictions, caused a decline in business activity of economic entities, which significantly affected the insurance market and actualized the analysis and provision of financial sustainability of insurance companies. As result of the study, liquidity coefficients of insura

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Deryugina, Sophia. "Transformation of the Institute of the Source of Increased Danger in the Information and Digital Era." Legal Concept, no. 4 (December 2019): 35–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/lc.jvolsu.2019.4.4.

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Introduction: the development of the latest information and telecommunication technologies used in the civil law sphere transforms the understanding and application of tort liability for damage caused by a source of increased danger. The identified mechanism requires a scientific analysis to determine the essential changes in the institution of a source of increased danger. The implementation of activities related to the sources of increased danger implies the presence of a threat of harm to the subjects of law. To ensure the greatest protection of subjects, digital technologies are used. The

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Yanyshyn, Y., H. Bryk, and Y. Kashuba. "Problems and Perspectives of Internet-Insurance in Ukraine." Marketing and Management of Innovations, no. 4 (2019): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/mmi.2019.4-03.

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The problems and prospects of insurance development in the internet are considered in the article. Considerable attention in the research is paid to the theoretical aspects of the essence of «internet insurance». The main stages of the insurance process through the internet and the key requirements that apply to the insurer and the insured when completing the insurance contract are described. It is determined that for the insurance company key advantages in the organization of virtual business are: lower costs associated with the organization of the company's website; lower transaction costs f

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Oliveira, Andressa Ravazzi De, and Leticia Lourenço Sangaleto Terron. "A RESPONSABILIZAÇÃO DA INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL DIANTE DE DANOS CAUSADOS POR VEÍCULOS AUTÔNOMOS." Revista ft 29, no. 144 (2025): 06–07. https://doi.org/10.69849/revistaft/ni10202503192006.

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This study aims to present legal rules on liability for damages caused to third parties in accidents involving automated cars, since autonomous vehicles have a system equipped with artificial intelligence, and, depending on the level of automation, do not require human direction. With this focus, this study aims to analyze the possible repercussions of civil and consumer liability in accidents involving autonomous intelligent vehicles, analyzing the objective liability of the manufacturer or the subjective liability of the owner, exploring the perspective of artificial intelligence, explaining

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Bardón Rubio, Luis Eduardo, and Antonio Eduardo Humero Martín. "Addressing Maintenance Challenges and Reputational Risks in Spanish Real Estate: A Strategic Role for Facility Managers." Urban Science 9, no. 7 (2025): 250. https://doi.org/10.3390/urbansci9070250.

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This study addresses a critical deficiency in real estate management by examining how contractual arrangements between property owners and facility managers (FMs) can mitigate reputational damage arising from third-party liability incidents. While Spanish regulations impose comprehensive conservation and maintenance duties on property owners, current contractual frameworks inadequately protect owners from reputational risks when damages occur due to FMs’ negligence or operational failures. This conceptual study employs a systematic analysis of 16 Spanish regulations governing real estate conse

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