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Husain, Ishrat. "Adapting Public Sector Services to Local Delivery." LAHORE JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS 17, Special Edition (September 1, 2012): 359–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.35536/lje.2012.v17.isp.a15.
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This article describes the local government system established in the 2001 Devolution Plan and its evolution over the period 2002-07, with a focus on two essential public services, education and health. We believe that the devolution of service delivery functions, delegation of financial powers, decentralization of authority, and deconcentration of executive powers, can, together, lead to better accountability of results and, hence, to improved public service delivery to the poor and marginalized. The Devolution Plan made inroads toward these goals, particularly in education, but their achievement was incomplete due to a number of factors, among those incomplete fiscal decentralization, limited targeting of backward areas, and centralizing tendencies of the provincial departments and civil service. Recommendations are offered on how to further develop the local government system more generally, with an eye towards increasing accountability and improving coordination both across local governments and between tiers. For this, complementary reforms to simplify business processes and revamp human resource management policies are needed; introducing a district level civil service is among the suggested changes. The article concludes with detailed recommendations on improving the decentralized delivery of education and health services.
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McCourt, Willy, and Nazar Sola. "Using training to promote civil service reform: a Tanzanian local government case study." Public Administration and Development 19, no. 1 (February 1999): 63–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-162x(199902)19:1<63::aid-pad55>3.0.co;2-f.
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Rasool Cyan, Musharraf. "Civil Service Management in Devolved Government: Reconciling Local Accountability and Career Incentives in Pakistan." LAHORE JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS 17, Special Edition (September 1, 2012): 425–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.35536/lje.2012.v17.isp.a17.
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This paper looks at the case of Pakistan’s decentralization reform of 2001–09 and its impact on civil service management. A key point made in this paper is that the relationship between organizational change and civil service is, by no means, unidirectional. The issues are viewed in the context of decentralization, its opportunities, and outcomes for efficiency and equity. We then evaluate whether administrative decentralization has enhanced or diminished the potential for political and fiscal decentralization for service delivery in Pakistan.
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Nemec, Juraj. "Public Administration Reforms in Slovakia: Limited Outcomes (Why ?)." NISPAcee Journal of Public Administration and Policy 11, no. 1 (June 1, 2018): 115–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/nispa-2018-0005.
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AbstractThe goal of this paper is to document and to analyse public administration reform dynamics and outcomes in three selected areas – transparency and accountability, civil service and local self-governments.The high level of potential access to government information in Slovakia does not “produce” increased accountability, predictability and also does not effectively serve as a tool to control corruption. We argue that citizens are not only victims, but also accomplishers: their tolerance for corruption, excessive bureaucracy and rentseeking is confirmed by many existing studies.Concerning civil service reform, Slovakia shows a substantial reform reversal towards politicisation and centralisation after 2001, which clearly threatens the fundamental features of democratic governance. Soon after the EU accession in 2004 major regressive changes took place, and the Civil Service Office was abolished in 2006. The new legislation in force from 2017 (forced by the EU conditionality) should return the Slovak civil service back on the right track – let us to see.With regard to self-government the reforms aimed towards the establishment of more independent local and regional self-government. However, the major issue here is the extreme fragmentation on the municipal level – almost 3,000 municipalities in the country, most of them bellow 1,000 inhabitants. Many studies confirm that amalgamation (or at least functional amalgamation) is necessary – but there is no political will to start it.What are the main lessons from the Slovak case ? The information provided indicates that the Slovak Republic belongs to the “standard” group of CEE countries – after the first wave of democratisation reforms immediately after 1989, most of the later changes were realised “thanks to” external motivations and pressures – and not always really welcomed. The specific issue, however, is the decentralisation reform in 2000 – 2005. This change, providing really fragmented local self-government by extra rights and responsibilities, was internally driven, with positive results from the point of view of self-government principles, but with many hurdles caused by too large a number of too small municipalities.
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Freeman, Julie, and Sharna Quirke. "Understanding E-Democracy Government-Led Initiatives for Democratic Reform." JeDEM - eJournal of eDemocracy and Open Government 5, no. 2 (December 15, 2013): 141–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.29379/jedem.v5i2.221.
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Information and communication technologies (ICTs) offer opportunities for greater civic participation in democratic reform. Government ICT use has, however, predominantly been associated with e-government applications that focus on one-way information provision and service delivery. This article distinguishes between e-government and processes of e-democracy, which facilitate active civic engagement through two-way, ongoing dialogue. It draws from participation initiatives undertaken in two case studies. The first highlights efforts to increase youth political engagement in the local government area of Milton Keynes in the United Kingdom. The second is Iceland’s constitutional crowdsourcing, an initiative intended to increase civic input into constitutional reform. These examples illustrate that, in order to maintain legitimacy in the networked environment, a change in governmental culture is required to enable open and responsive e-democracy practices. When coupled with traditional participation methods, processes of e-democracy facilitate widespread opportunities for civic involvement and indicate that digital practices should not be separated from the everyday operations of government. While online democratic engagement is a slowly evolving process, initial steps are being undertaken by governments that enable e-participation to shape democratic reform.
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Zlyvko, Stanislav V., Valerii A. Bortniak, Kateryna V. Bortniak, Iryna P. Storozhuk, and Roman Z. Holobutovskyy. "Administrative reforms in Eastern Europe: A comparative legal analysis." Cuestiones Políticas 39, no. 69 (July 17, 2021): 814–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.46398/cuestpol.3969.50.
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The objective of the article was to analyze the legal regulation of the decentralization reform in Eastern Europe and its impact on the unemployment rate. Methodologically, statistical analysis, hypothetical-deductive method and correlation were used. It was found that the first stage of the reform of the New Civil Service in Poland, Ukraine, Romania, the Czech Republic, Slovenia, Latvia, and Bulgaria began in 1990, but can be called an informal preparatory stage. It is determined that the process of implementation of administrative reforms is influenced by a series of factors: historical, economic, geographical. It is concluded that there is no positive correlation between the effectiveness of public administration and the effectiveness of local self-government in all the countries studied. The reform of decentralization has been shown to have a negative impact on employment. In addition, it found that Poland is the most stable country among those studied, with a high level of efficiency of local self-government. La more negative correlation between the efficiency index of local self-government and employment, and the most positive correlation between local and unemployment rate.
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Sodikin. "STUDY OF PUBLIC SERVICE IMPLEMENTATION IN SOME LOCAL GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATIONS OF CENTRAL JAVA PROVINCE IN 2021." International Journal of Social Science 1, no. 2 (August 3, 2021): 115–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.53625/ijss.v1i2.144.
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Public service is an activity or series of activities in the context of fulfilling basic needs in accordance with the civil rights of every citizen and resident of goods, services, and or administrative services provided by public service providers. The government as a public service provider is required to carry out the best service / excellent service so that the public as service users feel satisfied. The Central Java Provincial Government as a public service provider in the Central Java Province has tried to comply with the provisions of Law Number 25 of 2009 concerning Public Services, as well as in the Regulation of the Minister of Empowerment of State Apparatus and Bureaucratic Reform Number 15 of 2014 concerning Guidelines for Service Standards. Service standards at least contain: legal basis, requirements, service procedures, completion time, service costs, service products, facilities and infrastructure, competence of service providers, internal control, complaint handling, suggestions and inputs and service guarantees. However, efforts to improve public services still face several obstacles. These constraints include human resources for implementing services, inadequate service facilities and budget refocusing, causing delays in the completion of public service facilities. However, the regional apparatus organizations or technical implementing units for public service providers have been trying to come up with solutions. However, Central Java Provincial Government policies are still needed to improve the quality of services gradually
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Tózsa, István. "A New Approach Model in Post Graduate Training of Local Government Officers." Journal of Public Management Research 1, no. 1 (November 9, 2015): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpmr.v1i1.7592.
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<p>This study is based on the final report of Program ÁROP 2.2.22 entitled Training for the Local Governments of the Convergence Regions realized at the National University of Public Service, Hungary by the professional advisor of Program ÁROP 2.2.22.</p><p>In 2013-15 there was a new type of post graduate training elaborated and piloted in Hungary at the Institute of Executive Training and Continuing Education (VTKI) within the National University of Public Service (NKE). Although the pilot financed by the State Administration Reform Operative Program (ÁROP) had not lacked the previously established attempts to include interactivity in the training, it was the first to observe and apply the actual principles of the European Union 2020 expressed in the threefold criteria of economic growth: smartness, sustainability and inclusiveness. All of them are represented by a pillar of the program like e-learning, class training and field training with the inclusion of local society. According to the objectives of the program there were at least 10 thousand attendees from the civil service sphere set as project indicators, so it has been a large scale training program that took place in 2014 in Hungary. The following article shows the innovations included in this new approach model of post graduate training civil servants. </p>
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Steen, Trui. "Een nieuw en flexibel personeelsbeleid in de lokale besturen in Vlaanderen ?" Res Publica 40, no. 1 (March 31, 1998): 79–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.21825/rp.v40i1.18569.
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Personnel management in localgovernment in Flanders bas undergone some major reforms during recent years. We examine the purposes and the extent of these reforms. Also, the new personnel management in Flemish local government is evaluated in terms of flexibility. The Flemish civil service can be considered as an Internal Labour Market. The rigidity which characterises the Internal Labour Market in local government in Flanders is shown by the fact that local government lacks discretion in elaborating the personnel statute, which still constitutes the basis of personnel management. However, the thesis that the public sector employment policy is too rigid has to be nuanced. The civil service is familiar with irregular forms ofemployment. Infact, in Flemish local government only half of all personnel are employed according to a statute.Despite some constraints on the development of more flexible personnel policies, it is still possible to find opportunities which provide hope for the development of new and modern personnel management strategies in local government.
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Pierre, Jon, Asbjørn Røiseland, B. Guy Peters, and Annelin Gustavsen. "Comparing local politicians’ and bureaucrats’ assessments of democratic participation: the cases of Norway and Sweden." International Review of Administrative Sciences 83, no. 4 (December 29, 2015): 658–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020852315598214.
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Given the increasing emphasis on delivery and output as a source of legitimacy for local government, how do politicians and civil servants perceive conventional, input-based channels for citizens’ influence on government in relationship to performance and output-oriented opportunities to influence public service? This article compares the attitudes of senior local politicians and civil servants in Norwegian and Swedish local authorities on these issues. The analysis draws on a data set collected among political and administrative leaders in Norwegian and Swedish local authorities. We also compare a service sector where public management reform has been extensive (care of the elderly) with a service sector where regulation and law enforcement dominates (planning and construction). The analysis suggests that there is a significant similarity between politicians’ and bureaucrats’ attitudes, although politicians accord greater importance to input-based channels of influence and to throughput than do bureaucrats. Points for practitioners Public management reform provides a new channel for clients to influence public service directly through the providers of those services and not through conventional political channels. This article studies how politicians and public servants in Norwegian and Swedish municipalities evaluate conventional and new channels for clients to influence service delivery. We also compare service sectors where such choice is extensive with areas where choice is much more constrained. Overall, we find that politicians tend to favor conventional political channels for clients’ influence whereas public servants take a more positive view of clients approaching the executive side of the local authority.
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Mazurenko, Mikhail Pavlovich. "REFORMING OF THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT IN UKRAINE: PRACTICAL ASPECTS." UKRAINIAN ASSEMBLY OF DOCTORS OF SCIENCES IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION 1, no. 11 (January 24, 2018): 271–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.31618/vadnd.v1i11.33.
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The practical aspects of the reform of local government in Ukraine at the present stage of decentralization of power are highlighted, namely: in the conditions of voluntary association of territorial communities on the example of Koropsky district of Chernihiv region. It is proved that the administrative and territorial reform of the territorial formation of the administrative unit, which will carry the name of the rayon and which will unite several united territorial communities, should be a logical continuation of the process of completion of the association of territorial communities. This should depend on the geographical location, the availability of infrastructure, the road transport network, the avail- ability of medical services, and other factors.
It was noted that in order to ensure the implementation of the provisions of the Concept for the reform of local self-government and the territorial organiza- tion of power in Ukraine, a district council of representatives of OTG should be formed in such a structural unit, which will provide the main powers of lo- cal government bodies at the district level. The district council should establish its own executive body, which should be under its control and accountable. The system of central executive authorities in the newly created administrative unit (rayon) may be represented by the relevant body set up by the Cabinet of Minis- ters of Ukraine, whose functions should include the coordination of the activities of the territorial units of the executive power on the ground and control over the targeted and effective use of the State budget funds that will be received on the development of the respective territories.
It has been determined that local authorities, which are one of the main sub- jects of public administration at the local level and, in particular, the develop- ment of territories, most in their activity take into account the traditions of the people, their mentality, the level of development of civil society and its ability.
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Suray, Inna Gennadiivna, and Mikhail Pavlovich Mazurenko. "REFORMING OF THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT IN UKRAINE: PRACTICAL ASPECTS." UKRAINIAN ASSEMBLY OF DOCTORS OF SCIENCES IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION 1, no. 12 (February 14, 2018): 271–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.31618/vadnd.v1i12.68.
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The practical aspects of the reform of local government in Ukraine at the present stage of decentralization of power are highlighted, namely: in the conditions of voluntary association of territorial communities on the example of Koropsky district of Chernihiv region. It is proved that the administrative and territorial reform of the territorial formation of the administrative unit, which will carry the name of the rayon and which will unite several united territorial communities, should be a logical continuation of the process of completion of the association of territorial communities. This should depend on the geographical location, the availability of infrastructure, the road transport network, the availability of medical services, and other factors.
It was noted that in order to ensure the implementation of the provisions of the Concept for the reform of local self-government and the territorial organization of power in Ukraine, a district council of representatives of OTG should be formed in such a structural unit, which will provide the main powers of local government bodies at the district level. The district council should establish its own executive body, which should be under its control and accountable. The system of central executive authorities in the newly created administrative unit (rayon) may be represented by the relevant body set up by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, whose functions should include the coordination of the activities of the territorial units of the executive power on the ground and control over the targeted and effective use of the State budget funds that will be received on the development of the respective territories.
It has been determined that local authorities, which are one of the main subjects of public administration at the local level and, in particular, the development of territories, most in their activity take into account the traditions of the people, their mentality, the level of development of civil society and its ability.
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Myrgorod-Karpova, V. V., and A. А. Hryb. "INSTITUTE OF PREFECT AS NEW INNOVATIVE MECHANISM OF STATE ADMINISTRATION OF UKRAINE REGIONS." Legal horizons, no. 19 (2019): 26–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/legalhorizons.2019.i19.p26.
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New Ukrainian power actively enough continues to search effective mechanisms in relation to the effective realization of decentralization of power and reformation of the administrative-territorial device of our country. During the last ten years, questions come into question different Presidents and Governments of Ukraine about the beginning of the realization of these reforms by making alterations in the Constitution of Ukraine in relation to the division of plenary powers of local state administrations and organs of local self-government. One of the last imperious initiatives there is an input in Ukraine of the institute of prefect. The primary objective that is pursued by power men is the replacement of total control after territorial communities from the side of local state administrations on effective state supervision after legality and constitutionality of decisions of organs of local self-government. And it must take place by the liquidation of the last and creation of more effective and maximally optimized organ – institute of prefect. This reform envisages the actual substituting of chairmen of local state administrations by prefects with their simultaneous functional change. As Roman Semenukha marked, deputy of Supreme Soviet of Ukraine of past convocation this new category of civil servants will get corresponding control-observant plenary powers in relation to the organs of local self-government and territorial organs of central executive bodies on the corresponding territory, and in relation to territorial executive bodies yet and will carry out co-ordinating functions. For ordinary Ukrainian self-concept, a prefecture is not clear enough although for the citizens of many countries of the world this category of a civil servant is widespread enough. Therefore the foreign experience of becoming of this institute of state power and its functioning is extremely important, in fact, the analysis of the practice of foreign countries, problems that appeared before them, and ways of their decision, will help the state machine of Ukraine to build a more strong and more effective institute of prefect. Keywords: institute of prefect, local state administrations, government service.
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Seno, Ramadhani Haryo. "Reformasi Administrasi di Korea Selatan: Sebuah Pembelajaran Kesuksesan." Jurnal Wacana Kinerja: Kajian Praktis-Akademis Kinerja dan Administrasi Pelayanan Publik 23, no. 2 (November 29, 2020): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.31845/jwk.v23i2.667.
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This research examined the strategy and process of administrative reform in South Korea. The method was using a descriptive qualitative approach with analysis of literature study from secondary data. The results showed that there were six strategies in South Korea administrative reform, i.e.: (1) downsizing; (2) deregulations; (3) reorganization; (4) administrative efficacy; (5) debureaucratization; and (6) decentralization. Downsizing was applied to shrink government institutions in every regime. Deregulations was applied through business privatization and economic liberalization to escape from economic crisis. Reorganization was applied by merging several government institutions to improve the communication process and public service. Administrative efficacy was applied through utilizing and improving e-government in public service. Debureaucratization was applied toward civil servants to promote professional and competent bureaucrats. Decentralization was applied to shorten the decision making process and create contextual local-government policy.
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Manion, Melanie. "Government Capacity and the Hong Kong Civil Service. By John P. Burns. [Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 2004. xvi+468 pp. ISBN 0-19-590597-0.]." China Quarterly 182 (June 2005): 453–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741005350260.
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John Burns has written an exhaustively researched and highly important book for scholars with a particular interest in Chinese politics and, more broadly, for the fields of comparative politics and public management. Burns examines the contributions of the civil service to government capacity in Hong Kong. His focus is the crucial post-1997 period, which presents him with a number of interesting analytical issues. First, post-1997 Hong Kong continues to lack the political institutions linking citizen preferences to government policy outcomes. In this context, the civil service takes on enormous political importance: it identifies and proposes solutions to community problems, roles that would be performed by politicians and political parties in a liberal democracy. Secondly, although post-1997 Hong Kong has significant autonomy, it is a local government, essentially subject to the rule of Communist leaders in Beijing. This raises interesting problems of relations between centre and locality. Finally, and not least of all, the Hong Kong economy suffered a significant decline in the late 1990s. This challenged the performancebased legitimacy of the government and placed new pressures on it to reform the civil service to strengthen government capacity. Evaluation of these reforms is an important contribution of this volume.Burns examines the civil service from a public management perspective, both describing policies and analysing actual practices, the latter with the use of interviews, surveys and case studies. In the 1980s and 1990s, Hong Kong government capacity was high. Economic growth was rapid, unemployment was low, and public support for the government was strong, based on apparently successful performance.
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Siddiquee, Noore Alam. "Driving performance in the public sector: what can we learn from Malaysia’s service delivery reform?" International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management 69, no. 9 (July 4, 2019): 2069–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijppm-06-2018-0232.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the extent to which Malaysia’s most recent public service reform has improved service delivery and governmental performance. It also endeavors to identify critical success factors that explain reform performance and draw lessons based on the Malaysian experience. Design/methodology/approach The paper adopts a case study approach and draws on data from both primary and secondary sources. Besides a thorough review of official documents and existing literature, the author conducted 20 individual interviews with key informants representing government officials, academics and civil society organizations. Findings The study shows that despite some pitfalls and misgivings, the Government Transformation Program (GTP) has produced concrete improvements in service delivery areas where previous reforms failed. One of the factors that underpin GTP’s relative success is the detailed performance management framework, which helped foster inter-agency collaboration and enforce accountability for results at various levels. Practical implications The GTP success highlights the significance of adapting reform content to local situations especially when reforms are based on external models; sanctions from the highest political office; a dedicated unit to drive the implementation and an effective performance management framework through which individuals and agencies would be held to account for results achieved. Originality/value Despite many and varied reform initiatives attempted in the past, cases of successful reform are rare, especially in developing countries. Little is known on what makes a reform work, a gap exacerbated by notable absence of systematic research on this topic. The paper contributes to address this by reviewing Malaysia’s innovative approach to reform and the insights that the Malaysian experience offers.
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Putra, Agung Praja, Iskandar Iskandar, and Jonny Simamora. "THE COMPLIANCE LEVEL OF OFFICIALS FOR STAFF DEVELOPMENT IN LAW ENFORCEMENT OF STATE CIVIL APPARATUS DISCIPLINE AT THE GOVERNMENT OF BENGKULU PROVINCE." Bengkoelen Justice : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 9, no. 2 (January 2, 2020): 147–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.33369/j_bengkoelenjust.v9i2.9976.
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Government of Bengkulu Province is strongly committed to improve the quality of the bureaucratic reform of Apparatus Resourcesparticularly apparatus resources reform at the environment of Local Government of Bengkulu Province. Based on Attachment 1 of Regulation of the Head of the Civil Service Agency No. 21 of 2010 concerning the Implementing Regulations of Government Regulation No. 53 of 2010 on Discipline of Civil Servants, it is known that the employee dismissal procedures that violate discipline begins by calling the concerned continued with the establishment of inspection team. The results of the examination if proven to do violation, then the competent authorities impose disciplinary punishment. There have been many advances experienced by the government in the field of employment, which previously civil servants performance was rated based on patronage system where the presentation and work are preferred switched to merit systemin which the competence and performance of employees are preferred. However, there are still some violations occurred both violations of discipline and criminal.
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Khadzhyradieva, Svitlana, Sergii Slukhai, and Anatolii Rachynskyi. "Public Administration in Ukraine: Adjusting to European Standards." NISPAcee Journal of Public Administration and Policy 13, no. 1 (June 1, 2020): 81–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/nispa-2020-0004.
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AbstractIn recent years many important developments have been observed in the Ukrainian public administration: reforms in the public-administration system and civil service, improvements in the regulatory framework for their functioning, extension of the rights and powers of local self-government, bringing their activities into compliance with the EU requirements as well as the transformation of civil service according to the European standards.However, reforming public administration in a post-socialist transition country is hampered by the lack of resources and by public mistrust. The Ukrainian state faces these challenges, as well, and it attempts to find the ways to leave behind the situation formed by decades of uncertain public policy and a flapping development vector.Since 2014 key events have taken place that dramatically affected the public administration in Ukraine, i.e.: the elections of a new president instead of the one who fled, the snap parliamentary elections, establishing new civil and military administrations, launching approximately 60 reforms aiming to give the nation a modern shape corresponding to world-wide trends. Special importance must be granted to the public administration (PA) reform because it plays a crucial role in securing the nation’s success in global competition.The goal of this study is reviewing the most important PA reforms occurring in Ukraine (decentralization, civil-service reform, anti-corruption measures, transparency, reviewing the functions of the central executive bodies). The research questions embrace the following: (a) what main directions in PA reforming are perceived by the Ukrainian government; (b) how are the national governmental body’s functions reviewed; (c) what are the obstacles and risks for PA reforming at the national level ? To address these questions, the respective legislation has been analyzed along with some practical steps applied by the government towards the improvement of public institutions’ operation.Our study demonstrates that Ukraine has moved quite a distance from the soviet legacy as concerns public administration; however, the country has not reached the point of no return yet: the positive reform achievements must be supported by steady efforts in order to make them irreversible and to significantly raise public administration’s efficiency.
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Brett, E. A. "Rebuilding Organisation Capacity in Uganda Under the National Resistance Movement." Journal of Modern African Studies 32, no. 1 (March 1994): 53–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x00012544.
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Eight years of reconciliation, policy reform, and economic recovery have now followed 20 years of dictatorship, corruption, civil war, and economic decline in Uganda. This stems from the interaction between a government which has created a benign environment for development, and donors who have provided generous support conditional on compliance with a standard package of structural adjustment policies involving changes in macro-economic management. These include the removal of price distortions on foreign exchange, capital, and essential commodities, improved fiscal and financial discipline, the reduction of marketing monopolies and state controls, and civil service reform. Government has set up participatory political structures at national and local levels, restored law and order, and taken many of the unpopular decisions required to enforce the changes demanded by adjustment policy.
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Tymoshchuk, Viktor. "On decentralization of powers to provide administrative services." Yearly journal of scientific articles “Pravova derzhava”, no. 32 (2021): 366–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.33663/0869-2491-2021-32-366-376.
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Introduction. The formation of public administration in Ukraine is simultaneously influenced by many factors. These are both the service view of the state and the development of the doctrine of administrative services, and the implementation of decentralization reform, in particular the consolidation of territorial communities, as well as digitalization. In this context, it becomes an urgent task to assess the effectiveness of policy on decentralization of powers, its positives, risks, prospects. Aim of the article. The purpose of the article is to study the issue of decentralization of powers on the example of administrative services, the reasons for slowing down this policy in recent years, determining the conditions for optimal organization. Tasks: to determine the content of decentralization of powers and its types; to distinguish decentralization of powers with other mechanisms of division of powers; show the factors that motivate Ukraine to the policy of decentralization (delegation) of powers in the field of administrative services; propose the optimal mechanism of delegation of powers; outline the most pressing tasks for the delegation of the following groups of services. Results. Ukraine's experience in delegating powers to local self-governments (LCGs), in particular, in the registration of real estate, business, residence has been successful. Services have become closer to citizens territorially, queues and reasons for domestic corruption have disappeared, the speed of service delivery, their integration into a single office (CNAP) and opportunities for service according to the model of life situations have improved. Delegation of powers of local self-government bodies allows to use motivation and flexibility of local self-government bodies, initiative and responsibility of citizens. Although there are risks of different LCGs capacity and quality of services. But it is better for the state to help local self-government bodies and "insure" them. It is also important to ensure the integrity of the mechanism of delegation of powers, ie to provide for the preservation of centralized state registers, methodological assistance from the state for local self-government, professional departmental control over the implementation of delegated powers. The reasons and peculiarities of decentralization of residence registration powers should be analyzed separately. But this experience is also quite successful. After all, he also improved the service for consumers, promoted electrification in the field. Decentralization of powers is not an alternative or opposition to digitalization. These are two equally important strategic directions of public policy. Conclusions. In a modern democratic and decentralized state, it is necessary to make maximum use of the motivation and flexibility of local self-government bodies, in particular, to delegate to them the authority to provide basic administrative services. It is important to ensure the integrity of the delegation mechanism, and to provide local self-government bodies with resources to perform delegated powers. During 2021, priority in the delegation of powers should be given to the areas of registration of civil status and administrative services of a social nature.
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Oliver, Dawn. "The Implementation of Constitutional Reform in the United Kingdom: Principles and Problems." Israel Law Review 29, no. 4 (1995): 551–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021223700014795.
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First, I want to express my gratitude and sense of honour in being invited to deliver the Lionel Cohen lecture for 1995. The relationship between the Israeli and the British legal systems is a close and mutually beneficial one, and we in Britain in particular owe large debts to the legal community in Israel. This is especially the case in my field, public law, where distinguished academics have enriched our academic literature, notably Justice Zamir, whose work on the declaratory judgment has been so influential. Israeli courts, too, have made major contributions to the development of the common law generally and judicial review very notably.In this lecture I want to discuss the process of constitutional reform in the United Kingdom, and to explore some of the difficulties that lie in the way of reform. Some quite radical reforms to our system of government — the introduction of executive agencies in the British civil service, for instance—have been introduced without resort to legislation. There has been a spate of reform to local government and the National Health Service.
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Danzer, Alexander M., Peter Dolton, and Chiara Rosazza Bondibene. "Who wins? Evaluating the impact of UK public sector pension scheme reforms." National Institute Economic Review 237 (August 2016): R38—R46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002795011623700115.
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Radical changes have been implemented to pension schemes across the UK public sector from April 2015. This paper simulates how these changes will affect the lifetime pension and how the negotiated pension changes compare across six public sector schemes by level of education. Specifically, we simulate the occupation specific Defined Benefit (DB) pension wealth accumulated for a representative employee over the lifecycle by factoring in the recent changes to pension conditions. We find that less educated workers with low or moderate earnings in the NHS, Local Government and Civil Service schemes are the winners having secured an increase in the value of their pension of between 10–20 per cent. Graduate workers with faster wage growth in the Civil Service, Teachers and Local Government schemes lose between 3 per cent and 5 per cent. This is in sharp contrast with the Police and Fire services who have lost around 40 per cent irrespective of their education.
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Kucherenko, Svitlana, and Viacheslav Riznyk. "Modernization of the system for providing governmental services of local authorities in Ukraine in the context of decentralization reform." University Economic Bulletin, no. 39 (December 20, 2018): 94–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2306-546x-2018-39-94-101.
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The subject of research is the process of modernization of the system of provision of state services of local authorities in Ukraine. The purpose of the article is to clarify the current level of public service provision by local authorities and to develop ways to improve the functioning system of administrative services in the united territorial communities of Ukraine. The aim of the article are: to examine the essence of decentralization and reveal the mechanism of functioning of the united territorial communities; reveal the content of the extended powers of local governments; explore the conceptual framework of state incentives for the process of voluntary association of communities in Ukraine; to identify the real degree of quality, availability and approach of management services to the population through the network of centers providing administrative services; reveal the problems of coexistence and duplication of functions of the district and society; explore promising areas of municipal cooperation and identify the leading regions; consider the functions of the Ukrainian electronic service iGov and justify the problems and prospects for its implementation in the process of public services of local authorities in Ukraine modernization. Research methods. In the process of research, the following general and specific scientific research methods were applied: a systematic approach, methods of logical generalization and comparison, scientific abstraction, methods of synthesis, logical generalization and analogies. The methodological base of the research was made by scientific works of domestic and foreign scientists and leading specialists, analytical materials on the research problem. Results of the work. The essence of decentralization and the mechanism of functioning of united territorial communities are revealed. Analyzed changes in the powers of local governments and highlighted the mechanism for the provision of administrative services. The directions of state stimulation of the process of voluntary association of communities in Ukraine are investigated. It was revealed that in spite of the fact that the united communities received the authority and resource of the population are partially or completely dissatisfied with the quality of services provided by local authorities. The problem of duplication of functions of structural divisions is revealed - a district-united community. The necessity of the development and adoption of effective by-laws and regulations has been substantiated, and they regulate the procedure for the application and implementation of existing laws in the field of decentralization and self-government. The prospective directions of municipal cooperation are investigated and it is revealed that Poltava region is the leader in Ukraine in the number of concluded inter-municipal cooperation agreements. Analyzed international technical assistance projects aimed at reforming self-government. The Ukrainian electronic service iGov and the reasonable prospects of its widespread implementation have been investigated. Practical implications. The results of the study can be used by both local and state authorities to consider the possibilities of modernization of public services in Ukraine in the context of decentralization reforms. Conclusions. The study led to the conclusion that today the population is partially or completely dissatisfied with the quality of services provided by local authorities. However, we believe that Ukraine is able to modernize state services of local authorities and bring them as close as possible to citizens. To improve the functioning of the system of providing administrative services in the united territorial communities of Ukraine, in our opinion, it is necessary: to develop effective by-laws and regulations that regulate the procedure for applying and implementing laws on local self-government; ensure the organizational unity of the front office and back office of the centers providing administrative services of the united territorial communities; to expand the list of administrative services provided to residents of united territorial communities; provide state support for expanding the network of united territorial communities to cover the entire territory of Ukraine; develop and implement educational programs for certain categories of civil servants and officials of local governments in the provision of administrative services; to ensure the widespread introduction and use in the regions of the electronic portal of state services iGov, which will make it possible to effectively combat corruption and improve business processes in state and municipal authorities.
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M. O., Pukhtynskyi. "Transformation of local self-government in context decentralization of public power in unitary Ukraine." Almanac of law: The role of legal doctrine in ensuring of human rights 11, no. 11 (August 2020): 319–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.33663/2524-017x-2020-11-54.
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The process of transformation of local self-government is connected with solving a complex of problems of its provision. Among them, the constitutional and legal problems of territorial governance, which are the subject of this study, play a significant role. In Ukraine, a course of improvement of Ukrainian unitarism was chosen through widespread decentralization of public power, formation of capable, effective local government on this basis as active interaction and cooperation of subjects, local self-government institutions, executive power, civil society, business environment. This approach actualizes the constitutional and legal discourse of decentralization. The article discusses the issues of constitutional and legislative support for the reform of the territorial organization of power. A constitutional and legal understanding of the decentralization of public power in the context of the provisions of the current Basic Law is given. Modern approaches to amending the Constitution of Ukraine in terms of decentralization of public power, reforming local self-government, and territorial administration are critically analyzed. The novelties of legislative developments concerning territorial governance are considered. The urgency of sectoral decentralization in areas such as local finance, education, health care, social protection, housing and communal services, administrative services, communal land and property, sustainable economic development, human resources, etc. is emphasized. It is noted that, given the principles of constitutionalism, the existing potential of the Constitution should be exploited, the shortcomings of permanent, point-to-point modification overcome, the careful and careful approach to regional level of territorial governance. It is emphasized that the transformation of local self-government in the context of decentralization of public power must be carried out in a comprehensive and systematic manner, taking into account the preservation and strengthening of the unitary nature of Ukraine. Keywords: transformation of local self-government, decentralization of public power, territorial governance, constitutional and legal support of reform, unitary principles of Ukraine.
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Ilhamsyah, Fadhil, Zuhrizal Fadhly, Said Ahmad Kabiru Rafiie, and Najamudin Najamudin. "Peningkatan Pemahaman Tentang Politik Uang Bagi Pemilih Pemula Di Kecamatan Kuala Pesisir Kabupaten Nagan Raya." Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat: Darma Bakti Teuku Umar 1, no. 1 (January 2, 2020): 199. http://dx.doi.org/10.35308/baktiku.v1i1.1304.
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This paper explains about innovation of the local government which is part of the Population and Civil Registration (Dukcapil) service reform. Aklamasidansa is the policy of the West Aceh Regency in the matter of arranging birth certificates and death certificates that are integrated with village funds. The issue of legal identity is still a problem in Indonesia, many people do not have a legal identity so that it has an impact on all services provided by the government to the community. Aklamasidansa is an innovation that brings government and society closer. Aklamasidansa has been running since 2017 and operates in the assisted villages. This study used a qualitative method with a case study approach, the informants of this study were the community as recipients of services, the West Aceh government as an innovator. The results of the study show that the aklamasidansa policy has increased the coverage of legal identity ownership, especially birth certificates which increased from 70.25% percent (June 2017) to 93.90 percent (December 2018). Aklamasidansa as one of the service innovations to the community is running very well in improving the data administration of the village and make it easier for citizens to receive services in arranging birth certificates and death certificates.
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Knox, Robert, Michael O. Adams, and Gbolahan S. Osho. "History and Relevance of Patronage, the Civil Service Reform and the Pendleton Act: The Rationale for Congressional Intervention." Journal of Public Administration and Governance 7, no. 2 (May 3, 2017): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v7i2.10950.
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The ownership of land determined ones importance. However, the church was one of the largest single property holders in Italy. By the 11th century, Bishops were competing with wealthy rural families to become patrons” of local land – owners. To combat the political problems in 1867 The Tenure of Office Act was passed during Andrew Jackson term; Congress passed the Act in an effort to secure a greater role in the appointive process. The act specific that those appointed with the advice and consent of the Senate could only be removed from office with the Senate’s approval. Hence, the goal of this research is to examine the implications of political pressure on the evolutionary process with new emergent paradigm characterized by three anti-government values: personal accountability limited and decentralized government, and community responsibility for delivery or social services.
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Peshin, Nikolay L. "PUBLIC CONTROL IN THE SYSTEM OF LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT: BASES AND FEATURES." RUDN Journal of Law 23, no. 3 (December 15, 2019): 311–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2337-2019-23-3-311-332.
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Legal regulation of issues of public control and supervision is one of the problems of legal theory and practice. Underestimating of the place and features of municipal control in the system of public control and supervision is the cause of the poor quality of legal decisions taken, as well as legislation adopted at the level of both the Russian Federation and individual constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Municipal control in the system of public control and supervision, developing recommendations aimed at overcoming the shortcomings of legal regulation and practice of implementing municipal control. Methods: general and private scientific methods of cognition of objective reality (analysis, synthesis, abstraction, analogy, comparative legal, formal legal, and other methods of scientific cognition). The article deals with issues of relationship between state and municipal (public) control carried out by local self-government bodies - as a rule, due to the need to solve tasks that fall within the competence of state power. The problems of its independent implementation are studied based on the principles of local self-government - self-organization and self-control. A detailed analysis of the current legislation, allowing local governments to act as “controlling agents” of state power, is conducted, and based on this analysis, conclusions are made about the existing of municipal public control in the system of local self-government as a specific public phenomenon combining elements of public law and private law regulation. As a state, the Russian Federation is faced with the task of drastically improving the system of control (supervision) as a function of public power, and therefore the already initiated legal reform in this area will undoubtedly continue. In the context of the development of civil society and an open state, the development of forms of public control is also necessary, the lack of which creates a sense of “permissiveness” among the subjects of public power and inevitably leads to a decrease in the efficiency of public authority. Municipal public control within the framework of this system of public-state control should be oriented, including intra-system, at identifying deficiencies in the work of the bodies and officials of local self-government that impede the improvement of the quality of management and organizations. As a result, municipal public control should contribute to a safer for citizens to work and provide services to individuals and legal entities. Sphere of constitutional, administrative and municipal law; questions of the organization of state power and local self-government in the subjects of the Russian Federation; questions of control and supervisory activities. Separate existence of municipal authority does not mean the lack of interaction of local selfgovernment with state administration, non-coincidence of municipal formations under the influence of state-governmental structures, denial of influence of state on local self-government. State power has a significant impact on development of basic social processes predetermining the peculiarities of the implementation of public control by the municipal government. The implementation of supervisory activities, including at the local government level, is an important part of the stable, uninterrupted functioning of the state.
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Dragusha, Dr Sc Blerta, and Dr Sc Elez Osmani. "The effects of fiscal decentralization in Albania." ILIRIA International Review 2, no. 1 (June 30, 2012): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.21113/iir.v2i1.160.
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“Basically decentralization is a democratic reform which seeks to transfer the political, administrative, financial and planning authority from central to local government. It seeks to develop civic participation, empowerment of local people in decision making process and to promote accountability and reliability: To achieve efficiency and effectiveness in the collection and management of resources and service delivery”1The interest and curiosity of knowing how our country is doing in this process, still unfinished, served as a motivation forme to treat this topic: fiscal decentralization as a process of giving 'power' to local governments, not only in terms of rights deriving from this process but also on the responsibilities that come with it.Which are the stages before and after decentralization, and how has it affected the process in several key indicators? Is decentralization a good process only, or can any of its effects be seen as an disadvantage?
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Mursitama, Tirta N. "PERAN SERTA MASYARAKAT DAN DUNIA USAHA DALAM MEWUJUDKAN SISTEM TRANSPARANSI NASIONAL PELAYANAN PUBLIK." Jurnal Rechts Vinding: Media Pembinaan Hukum Nasional 1, no. 1 (April 30, 2012): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.33331/rechtsvinding.v1i1.107.
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<p>Pelayanan publik merupakan pilar penting reformasi birokrasi yang menjadi tolok ukur kinerja pemerintah. Namun, lebih dari sepuluh tahun reformasi bergulir dan implementasi otonomi daerah, fakta memperlihatkan masih minimnya perubahan substansial dalam penyelenggaraan pelayanan publik di Indonesia. Permasalahan yang diangkat dalam tulisan ini adalah bagaimana keterkaitan organisasi masyarakat, dunia usaha dan layanan publik; serta bagaimana peran organisasi masyarakat dan dunia usaha dalam mendorong terwujudnya transparansi pelayanan publik. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan yuridis empiris, tulisan ini menyimpulkan bahwa dalam pelayanan publik, terdapat 3 (tiga) aktor yang terlibat, yaitu: masyarakat, dunia usaha, dan pemerintah yang dimotori oleh birokrasi. Ketiganya tidak bisa berdiri sendiri melainkan saling berkaitan dan mendukung perwujudan sistem transparansi nasional. Untuk itu perlu dibangun strategi kerjasama segitiga antara pemerintah, masyarakat dan dunia usaha dalam rangka mewujudkan birokrasi yang professional, efisien, cepat, dan bekerja berdasarkan prinsip-prinsip tata kelola yang baik.</p><p>Public service is one of the important pillars of bureaucracy reform which serves as a benchmark of government performance. However, after more than a decade of reform and the implementation of local autonomy, it shows a limited progress of public service in Indonesia. This article attempts to address two questions: 1) How are the interlinkages between civil society and business in public service? 2) What is the role of civil society and business in promoting public service transparency? By utilizing empirical approach, this article concludes that there are three key actors involved in public services namely society, business, and government which are heavily interrelated and supportive in promoting national public service transparency system. Hence, we need to develop a strategy of triangular cooperation among government, community and business in order to create a professional and efficient bureaucracy on the basis of good governance principles.</p>
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Ikhsan, Mr, Vellayati Hajad, and Kemal Pasya. "VILLAGE FUNDS IMPLEMENTATION FOR BIRTH AND DEATH CERTIFICATE INTEGRATED." DIA Jurnal Ilmiah Administrasi Publik 18, no. 1 (June 9, 2020): 156–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.30996/dia.v18i1.3327.
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This paper describes local government innovations that are part of the Civil Service and Civil Registry (Dukcapil) reform. Arrangement of birth certificate and death certificate integrated village fund is an innovation policy in West Aceh Regency which is abbreviated as Aklamasi Dansa. The issue of legal identity is still a problem in Indonesia, many people do not have a legal identity so it impacts all services provided by the government to the community. The policy of integrating birth certificates and death certificates is an innovation that brings government and society closer together. The Aklamasi Dansa has been running since 2017 and operates in the assisted village. This study uses a qualitative method with a case study approach. The informant of this research is the community as the recipient of services, the government of West Aceh as an innovator. The results showed that the Aklamasi Dansa policy have shown that they are capable of significantly increasing the percentage of ownership, as can be seen from the percentage of birth certificates in 2016, only 86% after the Aklamasi Dansa was implemented to be 94% in 2019. The same thing happened with the death certificate issued by Disdukcapil in West Aceh in 2016 only 86 death certificates after the aklamasi dansa went on to 1629 in 2019. The Aklamasi Dansa as one of the innovations in service to the community went very well in improving village data administration and making it easier for citizens to receive services in taking care of birth certificates and death certificates.
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Ugyel, Lhawang, and Carsten Daugbjerg. "Successful policy transfer and public sector reform in developing countries." Policy & Politics 48, no. 4 (October 1, 2020): 603–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/030557320x15786631116992.
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The scope and intensity of policy transfer has increased in recent years as developing countries have drawn on public sector reform programmes based on new public management practices originally designed in western democracies. However, there is mounting evidence that to be successful, reform programmes must be adapted to local contexts. This article demonstrates that national government control of policy transfer can enable localisation which in turn enhances the effectiveness of public reforms. Analysis of the Position Classification System ‐ which sought to enhance accountability, efficiency and professionalism in the civil service in Bhutan ‐ highlights two conditions that enable domestic control of the policy transfer process: strong internal motivation for engaging in policy transfer and the establishment or adaptation of institutions to manage processes of policy transfer. We conclude that when these conditions apply, a developing country can engage in successful voluntary policy transfer and retain control of the process.
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Sukanya Aimimtham, Imron Sohson, Pornsan Piyanantisak,. "Guidelines to Improve Public Service Administration for Thailand Reform: Reflections from the Northeast." Psychology and Education Journal 58, no. 1 (January 29, 2021): 1314–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/pae.v58i1.899.
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This research is based on a synthesis from a reconciliation forum for the country’s reform in Khon Kaen province, northeast Thailand. The purpose of the study is to identify conflicts and development issues in the area; investigate the need for reform in various sectors at both local and national levels, and explore alternatives or guidelines to improve public service administration for the country's reform. Data was collected using qualitative research tools including focus group, dialogue, and open-ended questionnaires. The target groups consisting of 3,200 people who is living in Khon Kaen province and other 204 professionals consisting of 61 representatives from the government sector, 39 from the private sector, 33 from education sector, 22 from in the political sector and 49 from civil society sector. The results revealed that in order to diminish conflicts, reconciliation must occur at both the community and the national level. In addition, many aspects of public service administration and public policy must also be reformed; especially those involved in politics and political institutions, ethical standards of politicians and government officials, Criminal Justice System and administration, systematic corruption, education system, economic structure and income distribution; information and data management, as well as other issues stem from inequality in the society.
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Lilic, Stevan. "PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION REFORM IN SERBIA – SIGMA Monitoring Report 2019." Administracija i javne politike 12, no. 3 (April 22, 2020): 109–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.22182/ajp.1232019.6.
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In context of the public administration reform implementation program, SIGMA – OSCE presented key finding of its Serbia 2019 Monitoring Report. The event brought together high-level SIGMA experts, representatives and officials from various government bodies and civil society organizations, as well as representatives from the European Commission and the EU Delegation, to discuss the current challenges and priorities in the areas of public service and human resource management and public service delivery . The opening speeches were given by Dr. Gregor Virant (Head of SIGMA), Sem Fabrizi (Ambassador and Head of Delegation of the European Union to the Republic of Serbia), Prof. Mihailo Jovanović (Director at Office for Information Technologies and e-Government), Branko Ružić (Minister of Public Administration and Local Self-Government) and Ana Brnabić (Prime Minister of Serbia).The detailed key-note presentation of the Key Findings and Recommendations of the SIGMA 2019 Monitoring Report for Serbia in the Areas of areas of Public Service and Human Resource Management and Public Service Delivery was delivered by Annika Uudelepp from the SIGMA team, followed by lively interactive discussion sessions moderated by Milena Lazarević from the Center for European Policy. Focus areas for the 2019 Monitoring Report were selected jointly by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development and the European Commission, as the selected areas of public service and human resource management and public service delivery are considered relevant to Serbia’s European Union integration process and are important aspects of the policy dialogue relating to the ongoing accession negotiations. The 2019 Monitoring Report follows up on the 2017 analysis and recommendations and provides an overview of the “state of play” and main developments with a detailed analysis based on related SIGMA Principles of Public Administration measured against the indicators of the Methodological Framework for the Principles of Public Administration.
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Adnan, M. Fachri. "REFORMASI BIROKRASI PEMERINTAHAN DAERAH DALAM UPAYA PENINGKATAN PELAYANAN PUBLIK." Humanus 12, no. 2 (December 9, 2014): 196. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/jh.v12i2.4038.
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AbstractThis article discusses the importance of bureaucratic reform in order to improve public services in local government. There are several issues facing local governmentbureaucracy so that the bureaucracy has not been able to improve public services inlocal government including 1). Organizational structure and working procedures arenot efficient 2) community participation is still low, 3) transparency is not running, 4)the mechanism of action and tasks that is overlap 5) politicization of civil servants arestill symptomatic, 6) career system is not healty, 7) the bureaucratic apparatus are notwilling to respon the changing demands. So that, to solve the problems the localgovernment bureaucracy, should be reform which refers to the bureaucratic reformpolicy as outlined in the Grand Design bureaucratic reform at national level. In orde toprovide public services to community the local government has to have a minimumservice standards that are clear and measurable, and can be accessed quickly and easilyby the community. Key words: Bureaucracy, Reformation, Regional Government, Public Services AbstrakArtikel ini membahas tentang pentingnya reformasi birokrasi dalam rangka meningkatkan pelayanan publik di pemerintah daerah. Ada beberapa masalah yangdihadapi birokrasi pemerintah daerah sehingga birokrasi belum mampu meningkatkanpelayanan publik secara maksimal, diantaranya; 1 ) Struktur organisasi dan tata kerjayang tidak efisien, 2 ) partisipasi masyarakat masih rendah, 3 ) transparansi tidakberjalan, 4 ) mekanisme kerja dan tugas-tugas yang tumpang tindih 5 ) politisasipegawai negeri sipil masih gejala, 6 ) sistem karir tidak healty, 7 ) aparat birokrasi tidakbersedia respon tuntutan perubahan. Sehingga, untuk memecahkan masalah birokrasipemerintah daerah, harus dilakukan reformasi yang mengacu pada kebijakan reformasibirokrasi yang dituangkan Grand Design reformasi birokrasi yang ditetapkan padatingkat nasional. Dalam upaya memberikan pelayanan publik kepada masyarakatpemerintah daerah harus memiliki standar pelayanan minimum yang jelas dan terukur,dan dapat diakses dengan cepat dan mudah oleh masyarakat. Masyarakat juga dapatdapat menilai kualitas yang diberikan dengan menggunakan indek kepuasanmasyarakat. Kata kunci: Birokrasi, reformasi, pemerintahan daerah, pelayanan publik
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Fobih, Nick. "NPM Reforms in Ghana’s Public Sector Management & Administration: Changing Trends in MDAs & MMDAs Functions." Journal of Public Administration and Governance 10, no. 4 (November 19, 2020): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v10i4.17955.
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The purpose of the study is to examine the new public management (NPM) reforms in Ghana’s Ministries, Departments and Agencies, and at the local government level in terms of key changes implemented and its successes. The study also examines the challenges that have been encountered in the implementation process and recommendations to address the weaknesses in the system. The methodology used is based on the qualitative approach and the descriptive method. The findings in the study show that regardless of the in-roads made since the introduction of the NPM reforms, a number of challenges such as lack of expertise, lack of political will, inadequate resources among others, continue to affect the performance of Ghana’s civil service, which in turn, impact the delivery of public services. The study recommends that NPM reforms must seek to increase levels of accountability because monitoring the performance of key institutions will go a long way to promote efficiency and effectiveness in the public service. The significance of the study is that it provides key insights into important issues in Ghana’s NPM reforms, which can serve as useful tools for decision makers in moving the reforms towards accomplishing its goals more successfully. The outlined challenges and recommendations will inform the government, key policy makers and local government officials to enable them address the challenges affecting the effective implementation of NPM reforms. This study further contributes toward academic discussions relating to the impact of NPM reforms in Ghana and Africa in general.
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Mamatova, Tetiana, Olexii Chykarenko, and Iryna Chykarenko. "Digitization of public services: the experience of Dnipropetrovsk region." Public administration aspects 8, no. 1 SI (July 5, 2020): 98–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/152051.
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The results of research work performed with the participation of the authors in 2019 by the Dnipropetrovsk Regional Institute of Public Administration of the National Academy of Public Administration under the President of Ukraine are highlighted.Modern processes of public administration reform in Ukraine are taking place against the background of global digitalization and deep transformation of business processes of organizations in all spheres of activity. According to the experience of developed countries, digitalization in public administration leads to the transformation of government on the model of "service" state, which is based on changing the role of citizens and civil society in public administration, and the basic function of the state is to provide services.Today, the issue of digitalization of public services is one of the priorities of the Government and the President of Ukraine, who have set ambitious plans - in the next 5 years Ukraine should become one of the world leaders in the development of e-government and e-democracy. In the context of further development of the decentralization reform, the implementation of these tasks requires the introduction of advanced digitalization of public services at the local level, and the main role in this process is given to the Centers for Administrative Services (CNAP). The results of the study show that improving the quality and digitalization of services provided by CNAPs, as well as bringing the CNAP network closer to each consumer are now priority areas for reforming the system of administrative services in Ukraine.
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HARPER, TOBIAS. "VOLUNTARY SERVICE AND STATE HONOURS IN TWENTIETH-CENTURY BRITAIN." Historical Journal 58, no. 2 (May 11, 2015): 641–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x1400048x.
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AbstractThe importance of the honours system as an institution in British politics and public life has frequently been underestimated. At the end of the First World War, the British government prioritized voluntary service to the state as an area which the honours system should reward more than others through the newly created Order of the British Empire. However, after the war the Order changed to focus more on civil servants, soldiers, and the broad category of ‘local service’. The latter could include volunteers, but more often did not. Various attempts to democratize honours through reforms from the 1960s focused on rewarding a wider range of service. The most successful of these was John Major's honours reform programme in 1993, which returned volunteer service to the forefront of the public image of honours. While these reforms were not as egalitarian as they seemed, they were successful because they integrated an ideology of crown honours with the other functions of the modern monarchy and opened up the honours system to a wider potential set of recipients. At the same time, they maintained a hierarchical structure that meant that elites who had traditionally enjoyed the exclusivity of high honours continued to do so.
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KRUPKA, Mykhailo, Myroslav KULCHYTSKY, and Viktor KOVALENKO. "TRANSFORMATION OF THE ROLE OF LOCAL BUDGETS INCOME AS AN INSTRUMENT OF BUDGET MECHANISM IN THE CONTEXT OF DECENTRALIZATION." WORLD OF FINANCE, no. 3(56) (2018): 7–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/sf2018.03.007.
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Introduction. In the conditions of the transformational changes in the national economy, there is a need for modernization of the formation and strengthening of the financial base of local authorities, which are subject to the exercise of powers in accordance with the current legislation of Ukraine. And the very financial decentralization to date allows solving the problematic issues of ensuring the current needs of local self-government bodies, and hence the increase of local budget revenues and the sustainable development of territorial communities. Among the main tasks of the reform of decentralization of the budget system it is an increase in the financial capacity of local self-government and capacity building. At present, financial decentralization is one of the key instruments provided to local self-government in order to implement the strategy of socio-economic development of territories. By providing a significant portion of the financial resources to local self-government, in particular the united territorial communities, the government delegated some of the authority to local councils that are responsible for the management decisions made and the rational use of budget funds. The purposeof the article is to assess the role of local budget revenues as an instrument of the budget mechanism, monitoring their formation and transformation in the context of fiscal decentralization. Results. It has been established that decentralization is necessary to maximally approximate the provision of public services to the population, to improve the management system, to increase the efficiency of problem solving, transmitted to the local level. Financial decentralization reflects the urgent need to ensure the independence of local self-government bodies. The changes made to the Budget and Tax Codes of Ukraine concerning the allocation of local budgets by sources of income are considered. A new model of intergovernmental relations, which provides incentives for local authorities, is outlined. An analysis of the dynamics and structure of local budget revenues for 2013-2017 has been made, which allowed to establish the strengthening of their role as a tool of the budgetary mechanism, taking into account changes that have taken place in the context of decentralization. The features of the new model of intergovernmental relations are considered and the proposals on the formation of the revenue base of local budgets in the context of decentralization are substantiated. Conclusions. As a result of the research, it was found that in order to increase local budget revenues it is expedient to: ensure effective interaction between state authorities, local self-government, private entities and civil society institutions; to improve the mechanism of attraction and use of international technical assistance, financial resources of international financial organizations for the support of regional development; to identify and realize the hidden and underestimated development potential of each region, district, united territorial community; to raise the level of entrepreneurial initiative, use of business opportunities and the level of investment attractiveness in order to implement investment projects; to introduce self-regulation by local government tax rates for real estate and land, as well as providing incentivesfor their payment.
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Downe, Alexis. "THE REFORM OF FRENCH CONTRACT LAW: A CRITICAL OVERVIEW." Revista da Faculdade de Direito UFPR 61, no. 1 (April 29, 2016): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/rfdufpr.v61i1.46003.
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Since the Napoleonic Code of 1804 we have seen republics, monarchies and empires coming and going; local and world wars; revolutions, from the industrial to the informational; and our society has moved from an economy based on agriculture to one open to the world, based on tertiary services. In all this time, French contract law has been able to stay up and keep up to date with the many changes in society, thanks to the judicial interpretation of the various articles of the French civil code and the generality of its articles. There have been many previous attempts to reform French contract law but its principles, forged in 1804, have escaped unscathed, except for certain transpositions of European directives. This article focuses on an academic point of view with regards the reforms to the French civil code that will bring private contract law into line with modern international standards. This is the first step in a series of broader changes the government is making to the French law of obligations. This reform is said to have both adapted and revolutionised French contract law and merits scholarly attention.
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Goncharuk, Nataliia, Oxana Orhiiets, and Leonid Prokopenko. "FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE SYSTEM OF PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF PUBLIC SERVANTS IN UKRAINE: ORGANIZATIONAL, LEGAL, AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS." Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 7, no. 1 (January 22, 2021): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2256-0742/2021-7-1-39-46.
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The subject of the research is the formation and development of the system of professional training of public servants in Ukraine. The relevance of this study is due to the fact that one of the most important tasks of the development of the public service institute in modern conditions is its professionalization, which is carried out primarily through the system of professional training of public servants. Methodology. The paper uses a historical approach, which has made it possible to study the process of formation and development of the system of professional training of public servants in Ukraine. Based on the method of systemic analysis, the current system of professional training of civil servants in Ukraine, its legal framework and strategic priorities for its reform are considered. Results. The purpose of the article is to analyze the process of formation and development of the system of professional training of public servants and ways to increase its efficiency in Ukraine in modern conditions. To achieve this goal, the following research objectives are set: to consider the evolution of the system of professional training of public servants in Ukraine; to analyze the development of the system of professional training of public servants in independent Ukraine; to determine the main directions of its reform in the modern conditions of state formation. The main stages of formation and development of the system of professional training of public servants in Ukraine are justified. The organizational, legal, and economic aspects of formation and development of the system of professional training of public servants in Ukraine, as well as regulatory bases of formation and development of competence of public servants are analyzed. It is established that its financial and resource provision is important for the development of the system of professional training of public servants. Emphasis is placed on the need for continuous professional training of civil servants for their mobility, prompt and effective response to societal challenges in a paradigm of public administration, local government reform and decentralization of power in Ukraine through the development of formal, non-formal and informal education. It is concluded that ensuring the effective operation of public servants directly depends on increasing the level of their competence through professional training. The strategic principles of development of the system of professional training of civil servants are analyzed and the ways of increasing the efficiency of the existing system of professional training of civil servants, heads of local state administrations, their first deputies and deputies, local self-government officials, and deputies of local councils are determined, and the new model of the system of professional education of public servants, which based on European principles and standards for the development of adult education for life, are proposed.
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Indrawan, Jerry. "BUREAUCRATIC REFORM IN JAKARTA: JOKOWI LEADERSHIP STYLE." Indonesian Journal of Public Administration (IJPA) 3, no. 2 (June 30, 2016): 14–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.52447/ijpa.v2i1.430.
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ABSTRACT Jakarta is still facing many problems regarding bureaucratic system. It positions as the state capital does not guarantee that bureaucratic reform has already establish in perfect manner. At least there are three problems that need to be reformed. First, corruption in three fields: administrative services, practices of construction projects, and law enforcement. Second, institutional inefficiency. The local government bureaucratic structure is too fat, because of too many departments and sections exist, and resulting in the amount of local budget use to cover it. Third, corruptive mentality from most of the civil servants, resulting in deficient public services. Joko Widodo, better known as Jokowi is a new Governor of Jakarta. Before, he was a Mayor in Solo, Central Java for seven years. He brought bureaucratic reform to that city, that leads him in winning various national, even international achievements, such as the World Third Best Mayor from The City Mayor Foundation. Jokowi success is mostly because of his leadership ability. His leadership style is also different than others. There is no gap between him and his people. There is no strict protocol either that restrain him in meeting his people anytime he likes. He ignored bureaucratic formality, because such will dissociate him with his people. One of his well known method is “blusukan”, which means “entering a place where nobody wants to” in Javanese. He applied “blusukan” as a way in knowing what people wants by visiting them, even to a slum area where no public officials even care to think. In doing this, he can see the real problem in the society and starts to reform the government based in his field observation. He minimized the long arm of bureaucracy, in terms of efficiency and knowing what’s best for his people. He even said that he will only spend one hour every day in the office, and the rest (include saturday and sunday) will be spent in the field. He thinks that the only way we know the problem lies on this city is experience it, and the experience will not be experienced by staying in the office. He has to be with his people, so that he can find a solution for them. This paper will see Jokowi leadership style in leading Jakarta and the influence it makes to reform Jakarta’s local government bureaucratic system. Does Jokowi leadership style will be the perfect answer to the city real problems nowadays? Conducted research methodology was qualitative, through library research. The primary data will be collected from interviews with related informants. The informants will be purposively determined to sharpen the information gathered. Last, the secondary data will be aquired from books, journals, internet, newspapers, etc. Keywords: Bureaucratic Reform, Leadership Style, “Blusukan”
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Donnelly, Martin. "Improving Governance." National Institute Economic Review 250 (November 2019): R89—R93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002795011925000123.
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Executive SummaryGovernment post-Brexit will face sustained and difficult challenges as the UK adjusts to its new situation. Yet these challenges risk being exacerbated by fundamental changes in UK political debate that are affecting the perceived legitimacy and effectiveness of the system and structures of government. These include erosion of the clear distinction entrenched for the last 150 years between political choices by elected representatives and impartial administration by the civil service; the disruption of traditional deliberative processes by digital and social media; and increased centralisation of decision-making in No. 10 Downing Street combined with inadequate scrutiny of that decision-making either by the Cabinet or by Parliament.The centralisation of executive power reduces its perceived legitimacy across the UK, with devolved government in Scotland and Wales seen as contingent on the Westminster Parliament and Northern Ireland under control by central government. Fiscally, the UK has become the most centralised democratic country in the world. As government faces up to the challenge of unwinding membership of the legal and regulatory framework developed during 45 years of EU membership, it is vital that the UK's political structures restore their legitimacy and efficiency.Necessary reforms start with greater transparency about how government really works today. A PM's Department should be created, separate from the Cabinet Office; senior appointments including the Chief of Staff and ‘Advisors’, as well as instructions from No. 10 to departments, should be subject to effective Parliamentary scrutiny. Legally entrenched structures are required to confirm that devolved powers cannot simply be overridden by the Westminster Parliament. Greater fiscal autonomy should be guaranteed to local government.Finally, politicians should choose either to recommit explicitly to the original system whereby the civil service remains separate from politics and take steps to make it effective; or acknowledge the drift towards greater political control of the civil service and introduce safeguards to minimise political abuse, for example by taking steps to increase scrutiny of appointments and expenditure.
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Doja, Hunde, and Tadele Duressa. "Factors Affecting Social Accountability in Service Providing Public Sectors: Exploring Beneficiaries’ Perspectives in Jimma Zone." Research, Society and Development 8, no. 12 (September 27, 2019): e128121571. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v8i12.1571.
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This study was undertaken to identify the factors affecting social accountability in service providing public sector organizations from beneficiary perspectives in Jimma Zone. Factors hindering social accountability, social accountability mechanisms implemented in public sectors and the role of social accountability were the objectives assessed in this study. Qualitative research approach was employed. Beneficiaries of four public sectors (health, education, agriculture and water) were selected purposively because these are the main focus of the Ethiopian Social Accountability Program (ESAP2). Two administrative towns (Jimma and Agaro) and two woreda/kebele towns (Limu Kosa and Gera districts) were purposively selected for this study. Eight Focus group discussion, sixteen in-depth interviews and four key informant interviews were conducted. The main findings of the study revealed that factors hindering social accountability are the low citizens’ rights awareness and the socio cultural barriers that limit speaking out, absence of access to information guarantees rendering government income and expenditure because beneficiaries lack of their right awareness up to this and service provider’s unwillingness to share information. Community score cards and service providers in face to face meetings are the two commonly implemented social accountability mechanisms respectively. Based on the findings the researchers recommended that long- term institutional reforms to make the public sectors more accountable to citizens, devolutions to local government levels or responsibility and accountability for service provision, community and civil society participation should have to be encouraged by the government.
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Бойко, О. А. "State Administration Reform Strategy in the Sphere of Civil Protection in the Context of European Integration of Ukraine." Public administration aspects 7, no. 9-10 (November 25, 2019): 32–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/151946.
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The issues of public administration reforming in the sphere of civil protection in the context of European integration of Ukraine and with account for the current state of natural environment and technogeneous situation in Ukraine have been researched in the article.The need for reforming the State Emergency Service system is also driven by changes occurring in the state in the view of decentralization of the power, reform of state security and defense system, transfer of separate powers related to organization and provision of firefighting capabilities and emergency response from the state bodies to the local self-government bodies, etc.The state of Strategy for Reforming the State Emergency Service of Ukraine implementation, which aims at reforming the State Emergency Service of Ukraine system by 2020 and enhancing its ability to ensure fulfilment, in cooperation with other units of security and defense sector, of national security threats countermeasures in the sphere of civil protection has been analysed. The results of analysis of legislative instruments of strategic nature have been presented, adoption of which was important for further development of the unified state system of civil protection. Conceptual contradictions have been discovered, resolution of which requires development of a new legislation or amendments to the current legislation, including the Code of Civil Protection of Ukraine.The issue of introduction of the technogeneous and fire safety management system, based on risk-based approach and European standards, has been highlighted; some areas of this work have been reviewed.The first attempt of scientific analysis and search for the ways of implementation of the recently adopted Action Program of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine and Sustainable Development Goals of Ukraine by 2030, aimed in particular at the further improvement of civil protection issues, has been made.The relevance of issues of public administration reforming in the sphere of civil protection under existing conditions and the role and the place of authorities at different levels in the reform tasks implementation have been clarified.
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Kume, Andon, and Olta Qejvani. "PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION RECRUITMENT IN ALBANIA IN THE VIEW OF EU STANDARDS." Revue Européenne du Droit Social 53, no. 4 (September 12, 2021): 24–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.53373/reds.2021.53.4.037.
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European integration is a very important process in Albania being accompanied with many requests that asks for implementing the right answers. One of these requests, in order to reach out the European values, is the fair recruitment in public administration Even though, the profile of employees in public administration is strongly related to the inside power of government and national framework, the public administration performance as a whole is a key dimension of being dressed with EU standards. The public administration reform, which started in 2013 is still a prolong process, which keeps improving also the recruitment in public administration. Basically, the most crucial changes are referred to civil service system. This paper aims to: analyze some issues of the approximation level of Albanian legislation towards recruitment according to EU standards; presenting some alternatives on how this process can be improved by strengthening institutional cooperation; giving some practical issues for recruitment in local governance, too.
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Nikitenko, O. I., and A. A. Samoylovych. "UKRAINIAN LEGISLATION ON PREVENTION AND COMBATING CORRUPTION OFFENSES." Legal horizons, no. 17 (2019): 14–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/legalhorizons.2019.i17.p:14.
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The article considers the evolutionary progress of the adoption of legislation in Ukraine on anti-corruption, starting with the Declaration of independence of the state, defined the essence of the state policy in combating analyzed the chronology of the stages of the legislative anticorruption acts-the conduct of ongoing research, observations of anti-corruption activities of law enforcement agencies is very important in the context of the modern development of Ukraine. During the years of independence of Ukraine was formed anti-corruption legislation, including normative legal acts in this sphere with the purpose of administrative and legal counteraction of corruption. The development of anti-corruption legislation in the period from 1991 to 1996, i.e. prior to the adoption of the Constitution of Ukraine of 1996 to 2004, a period which can be called the constitutional stage, and from 2004 to the present as a period of reform to counter corruption. This indicates that continuous changes in the administrative-legal regulation in the sphere of counteraction of corruption in Ukraine, the implementation of reform processes in law enforcement depends on the nature of government tasks and functions to ensure internal security of Ukraine, forms and methods of the professional activity of the bodies which carry out law enforcement or law enforcement function the article Also paid attention to how the state of corruption is influenced by organized groups and how the government is trying to counteract them. Specified on the weakness of preventive (preventive) measures regarding corruption and illegal acts. The Constitution does not specify what illegal acts are such, but some standards testify the protection of the rights and freedoms of natural and legal persons from such acts, but dedicated circle of individuals who have limitations with the passage of the civil service and local government. On the basis of the conducted research the conclusion about the need for effective legal mechanisms for fighting corruption and improving relevant legislation. Keywords: Сonstitution, anti-corruption policy, anti-corruption legislation, corruption, anticorruption.
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Gorodnitskiy, Pavel. "Municipal service Institute at the present stage: a comparative and legal aspect." Current Issues of the State and Law, no. 16 (2020): 463–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/2587-9340-2020-4-16-463-476.
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In the context of the local self-government system dynamic reform in Russia, the role of the municipal official is significantly increasing, the re-quirements not only for his professional education, skills and abilities, but also for ethics, business behavior and attitude towards service are increasing. In contradistinction from Western countries, where it is customary to con-sider the general institution of state service, the municipal service in the Rus-sian Federation is clearly separated from the state civil service. In the context of the research, we analyze the approach to the regulating issues of municipal official’s ethics and professional conduct of in the European practice of young democracies. We carry out a broad analysis of the codes provisions of official’s ethics and conduct in a number of former Eastern bloc countries: Estonia, Latvia, Poland, Czech Republic, Bulgaria, Macedonia. We establish that the domestic and foreign approaches are very similar to each other, and the main goal of adopting the relevant codes is the desire for transparency and the eradication of the communist era foundations. We establish that the domestic and foreign approaches are very similar to each other, and the main goal of adopting the relevant codes is the desire for transparency and the eradication of the communist era foundations. At the present stage, the document requires flexibility and a transition from formal to more informal and understandable for the municipal official.
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Новгородцев, Виктор, and Viktor Novgorodtsev. "Analysis of legal acts on combating corruption in Ukraine." Services in Russia and abroad 9, no. 1 (June 25, 2015): 14–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/11704.
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The article presents an analytical review of the new legislation adopted in Ukraine, which reflects the main directions of the reform in the field of legislation in the organs of public service and local government, as well as addresses the issues of financial accountability of political parties to ensure reviewing anti-corruption programs in the structure of state bodies, carrying out monitoring in the field of public procurement, amendments to the judicial system and the criminal justice agencies, ensuring free competition and the establishment of responsibility for bribery for persons working in private companies. According to the results of the analytical review it can be concluded that the country has adopted a number of innovations: created the National Agency, which is addressing issues in the field of prevention of corruption as a central executive body with special status; formed a list of specific restrictions on the use of official position in the preparation of gifts; limited capacity of public servants, the leading career concurrently; introduced regulated fundamental rules of ethical conduct for civil servants; strengthened financial control (paying special attention to providing the declaration of income); the legislator specified persons having authority to assist in the fight against corruption; conducted special checks of candidates applying to practice high-level government posts.
Based on the analysis of new laws adopted in Ukraine, the author marked obstacles to the effective fight against corruption in the country, the main ones are corruption in public procurement, the judiciary and criminal justice authorities in the activities of executive bodies in the private sector, as well as the virtual absence of responsibility for bribery of persons working in private companies, special forfeiture rules for all corruption-related crimes, guaranteeing the protection of corruption whistleblowers and the unified state register of legal persons involved in corruption.
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Wijaya, Shadu Satwika, Paulus Israwan Setyoko, and Slamet Rosyadi. "KEBIJAKAN PENGELOLAAN TRANSPORTASI PUBLIK DI PURWOKERTO." Jurnal Litbang Provinsi Jawa Tengah 16, no. 1 (June 5, 2018): 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.36762/litbangjateng.v16i1.744.
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THE POLICY OF PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT IN PURWOKERTOABSTRAKPotensi kemacetan telah terlihat Purwokerto sebagai salah satu kota transit di Indonesia. Potensi ini terjadi akibat lonjakan jumlah kendaraan pribadi, sementara angkutan umum kian ditinggalkan karena kualitas layanannya yang kurang memadai dan tidak mampu menjawab tuntutan publik. Hal ini mengindikasikan gagalnya kebijakan tata kelola transportasi publik yang diselenggarakan pemerintah daerah. Untuk itu, sebuah alternatif kebijakan diperlukan guna mengatasi masalah transportasi publik. Pengembangan alternatif kebijakan dilakukan dengan teknik participatory policy analysis dalam paradigma analisis kebijakan deliberaitf. Teknik analisis kebijakan yang menekankan pada pengembangan alternatif kebijakan dengan melibatkan unsur masyarakat yang terkait dengan kebijakan dalam proses dialog untuk mengembangkan alternatif kebijakan. Proses dialog untuk pengembangan alternatif kebijakan tersebut dilakukan dengan memerhatikan aspek reciprocity, relationship, learning dan creativity di antara aktor kebijakan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif, dengan pemilihan informan menggunakan teknik pusposive sampling terhadap mereka yang dianggap berkompeten dan mewakili setiap unsur masyarakat yang terkait dengan kebijakan transportasi publik di Purwokerto. Penelitian berhasil bahwa pilihan kebijakan reformasi pengelolaan transportasi publik merupakan alternatif ideal untuk menjawab tuntutan publik akan transportasi publik yang berkualitas dan dapat diandalkan. Berdasarkan temuan penelitian, meskipun proses dialog kolaboratif mampu menghasilkan alternatif kebijakan, namun proses dialog itu sendiri tidak terjadi tanpa ada fasilitative leadership dan civil society. Komitmen elit pemerintah yang memfasilitasi (fasilitative leadership) dan adanya kesadaran serta wahana bagi masyarakat menyuarakan kepentingannya (civil society) menjadi aspek yang melengkapi model collaborative policy making.ABSTRACTThe potency of traffic density and congestion is already visible in Purwokerto as one of the city transit in Indonesia. It occurs due to the surge in the number of private vehicles, while public transportation is increasingly abandone, because the public transportation is no longer able to fulfill the public demand with its inadequate quality service. This indicates the failure of public transportation management policy organized by local government. Therefore, an alternative public transportation is needed to address the problem. The problem that arises in this research is what is the alternative policy that can be taken by local government? The development of policy alternative is carried out with Participatory Policy Analysis (PPA) technique. PPA was a deliberative policy analysis technique emphasize on the effort of alternative policy development by involving the public elements associated with public transportation policy were involved in the dialogue process to develop policy alternative. The dialogue process to develop the policy alternative was carried out by observing the aspect of reciprocity, relationship, learning, and creativity among the policy actors. This research was carried out using qualitative approach, with the selection of informant using purposive sampling technique. This research has found the public transportation reform policy are the most likely alternative to solve public interest about quality of public transportation. This research also has successfully developed the model of collaborative policy making based on the research finding, although the process of collaborative dialogue is able to produce the alternative policy; however this process of dialogue itself is not going to happen without the facilitative leadership and civil society. The commitment of government in facilitating (facilitative leadership), the awareness and a place for people to voice their interest can be the aspects that complete the model of collaborative policy making.
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Osipov, M. Yu. "On the Issue of Improving the Stay of Enforcement of Obligations." Lex Russica, no. 3 (March 18, 2021): 27–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/1729-5920.2021.172.3.027-035.
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. Improving the institution of stay of enforcement of obligations is one of the urgent problems in modern civil law. The need to reform this institution is relevant as in the context of the coronavirus pandemic and forced self-isolation many organizations of trade, public catering, provision of household services and others are forced to suspend their work in connection with the introduced regime of anti-epidemic measures. Due to the lack of income, these organizations often find themselves in a situation where they cannot fulfill a number of obligations, primarily obligations arising from the lease agreement. The purpose of the study is to consider the features of theinstitution of stay of enforcement of obligations, to analyze the adequacy of this institution in the new conditions and to suggest ways to improve it. To achieve this goal, the author uses the following methods: analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, formal-legal approach. In the course of the study, it was found that in the new conditions, in particular in connection with the spread of coronavirus infection, it is necessary to reform the institution of stay of enforcement of obligations. The reform of this institution should be aimed at expanding the grounds for stay of enforcement of obligations, including by introducing such grounds as suspending the activities of an organization based on a decision of state authorities or local self-government bodies. In this case, the obligations of the specified organization are considered suspended until the resumption of its activities. It seems that this institution of stay of enforcement of obligations makes it possible to account the interests of both the creditor and the debtor, and therefore, in our opinion, is an effective institution for regulating private relations.