Relevant bibliographies by topics / Cladina

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
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  4. Book chapters
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Academic literature on the topic 'Cladina'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 18 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Cladina"

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Brodo, Irwin M., and Teuvo Ahti. "Lichens and lichenicolous fungi of the Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia, Canada. 2. The Cladoniaceae." Canadian Journal of Botany 74, no. 7 (July 1, 1996): 1147–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b96-139.

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The Queen Charlotte Islands, off the west coast of British Columbia and with a hypermoist, oceanic climate, has 44 taxa in the Cladoniaceae: 5 species and 1 forma of Cladina, and 34 species with 3 additional subspecies and 1 variety of Cladonia. Two species and one subspecies are described as new to science: Cladonia albonigra Brodo & Ahti, Cladonia schofieldii Ahti & Brodo, and Cladonia ecmocyna Leight. ssp. occidentalis Ahti. In addition, one new combination is made: Cladonia novochlorophaea (Sipman) Brodo & Ahti. Cladonia homosekekaica Nuno, although not part of the Queen Charlotte flora, is also described and discussed. Chemical variation in the Cladoniaceae is examined critically, and many taxa formerly recognized at the species or infraspecific levels are reduced to unnamed chemotypes. The following synonymies were made or confirmed: Cladina aberrans (Abbayes) Hale & W.L. Culb. =Cladina stellaris (Opiz) Brodo; Cladonia squamosa var. subsquamosa (Nyl. ex Leight.) Vain. =Cladonia squamosa Hoffm.; Cladonia pseudostellata Asahina =Cladonia uncialis (L.) F.H. Wigg.; Cladonia japonica Vain. =Cladonia crispata (Ach.) Flot.; Cladonia pseudorangiformis Asahina =Cladonia wainioi Saviez. A thamnolic acid chemotype of Cladonia bellidiflora (Ach.) Schaer. and a thamnolic and usnic acid containing chemotype of Cladonia umbricola Tønsberg & Ahti are common on the Charlottes. Cladonia singularis S. Hammer is reported as new to Canada based on a specimen from Vancouver Island. Cladonia macroptera Räsänen, Cladonia polydactyla (Flörke) Spreng., Cladonia pseudomacilenta Asahina, and Cladonia subsubulata Nyl. are excluded from the North American flora. Cladonia kanewskii Oksner is reported as new to Norway and Europe. Keywords: Cladina, Cladonia, Cladoniaceae, British Columbia.
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Rapai, Sean B., Duncan McColl, and Richard Troy McMullin. "Examining the role of terrestrial lichen transplants in restoring woodland caribou winter habitat." Forestry Chronicle 93, no. 03 (October 2017): 204–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc2017-029.

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The development of habitat restoration techniques for restoring critical woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) winter habitat will play an important role in meeting the management thresholds in woodland caribou recovery plans. The goal is to restore disturbed environments within critical winter habitat for the declining woodland caribou. Woodland caribou are diet specialists, utilizing lichen-rich habitat for forage during winter months. Cladonia sub-genus Cladina is the most frequently eaten species during this time. Herein, we provide: 1) A review of previously used methods for transplanting Cladonia sub-genus Cladina and their feasibility in restoring woodland caribou winter habitat; 2) A stepby- step protocol on how to carry out a terrestrial lichen transplant program (using Cladonia sub-genus Cladina and C. uncialis); and, 3) An evaluation of our protocol through the establishment of a case study in northern British Columbia. Our results indicate that transplanting C. sub-genus Cladina fragments is the most efficient technique for transplanting terrestrial lichen communities, but transplanting lichen ‘patches’ or ‘mats’ may also be effective.
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Matwiejuk, Anna. "Water content in terricolous lichens." Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 69, no. 1 (2014): 55–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.2000.007.

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Investigations of the 24-hour absorption and evaporation in <em>Cetraria ericetorum</em>, <em>Cetraria islandica</em>, <em>Cladina mitis</em>, <em>Cladina rangiferina</em>, <em>Cladonia furcata</em>, <em>Cladonia phyllophora</em> were carrided out. A high correlation was found between these processes and weather conditions and especially 24-hour changes in relative air humidity and changes in temperature. These processes are correlated independently of the season of the year.
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Stenroos, Soili, Raquel Pino-Bodas, Diana Weckman, and Teuvo Ahti. "Phylogeny of Cladonia uncialis (Cladoniaceae, Lecanoromycetes) and its allies." Lichenologist 47, no. 4 (July 2015): 215–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0024282915000183.

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AbstractThe species from Cladonia section Unciales are characterized by the absence of squamules and soredia on the corticate podetia and the presence of usnic acid. Different subspecies, varieties and forms have been distinguished in the type species C. uncialis. In this study, a molecular phylogeny of Cladonia uncialis and members of the traditionally recognized section Unciales, along with additional potentially allied species, was constructed. DNA sequences from three gene loci, namely ITS rDNA, IGS rDNA and ß-tubulin, were analyzed using Maximum Parsimony, Maximum Likelihood, and Bayesian methods. Eleven species were analyzed for the first time using DNA sequence data. Cladonia uncialis subsp. uncialis and subsp. biuncialis were recognized as distinct taxa. The recognition of C. pseudostellata as a species was not supported by the analyses, but it represents a hypothamnolic acid chemotype, which is reported here as new to Europe (Scotland). The presence of subsp. biuncialis in North America (Newfoundland) was substantiated. The subsp. uncialis usually lacks squamatic acid, but in the eastern United States a morph referred to as subsp. uncialis does normally contain that acid. However, this morph did not attain taxonomic recognition based on phylogenetic analyses. All the other taxa formerly included in sect. Unciales turned out to belong to other groups of Cladonia, mainly Amaurocraeae, Borya, Divaricatae, and Perviae. The formerly recognized genus Cladina (reindeer lichens) is non-monophyletic, consisting of three groups within Cladonia, making the concept Cladina even nomenclaturally useless. Alternative topology tests rejected the monophyly of C. pseudostellata, section Unciales and Cladina.
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Ruoss, E., and T. Ahti. "Systematics of Some Reindeer Lichens (Cladonia Subg. Cladina) in the Southern Hemisphere." Lichenologist 21, no. 1 (January 1989): 29–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0024282989000058.

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AbstractCladonia arbuscula subsp. squarrosa (Wallr.) Ruoss and C. stygia (Fr.) Ruoss are reported for the first time from the Southern Hemisphere. Populations of C. arbuscula in New Zealand and Australia are recognized as subsp. stictica Ruoss, subsp. nov., usually containing stictic acid, norstictic acid (first report in subg. Cladina), and sometimes also the fumarprotocetraric acid complex. C. laevigata (Vainio) Gyelnik is reinstated in Cladonia subg. Cladina sect. Tenues, while C. stygia is considered to belong to sect. Crustaceae rather than to sect. Tenues. C. confusa R. Sant. is morphologically highly variable, although chemically uniform, usually containing usnic acid and perlatolic acid. An usnic acid-deficient chemodeme is reported as new to New Zealand.
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Johnson, Chris J., Katherine L. Parker, and Douglas C. Heard. "Feeding site selection by woodland caribou in north-central British Columbia." Rangifer 20, no. 5 (April 1, 2000): 158. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/2.20.5.1642.

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We examined the foraging habits of the northern woodland caribou ecotype {Rangifer tarandus caribou) at the scale of the individual feeding site. Field data were collected in north-central British Columbia over two winters (Dec 1996-Apr 1998). We trailed caribou and measured vegetation characteristics (species composition and percent cover), snow conditions (depth, density, and hardness), and canopy closure at terrestrial and arboreal feeding sites, and at random sites where feeding had not occurred. Logistic regression was used to determine the attributes of feeding sites that were important to predicting fine scale habitat selection in forested and alpine areas. In the forest, caribou selected feeding sites that had a greater percent cover of Cladina mitis and Cladonia spp, lower snow depths, and a lower percentage of debris and moss. Biomass of Bryoria spp. at the 1-2 m stratum above the snow significantly contributed to predicting what trees caribou chose as arboreal feeding sites. In the alpine, caribou selected feeding sites with a greater percent cover of Cladina mitis, Cladina rangiferina, Cetraria cucullata, Cetraria nivalis, Thamnolia spp., and Stereocaulon alpinum as well as lower snow depths.
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Nascimento, Silene C., Eugênia C. Pereira, Antonio Fernando M. Oliveira, Nicácio Henrique da Silva, Michele Boitard, and Hélène Beriel. "Screening de atividade citotóxica de extratos liquênicos: cladoniaceae." Acta Botanica Brasilica 8, no. 1 (July 1994): 97–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-33061994000100010.

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Extratos etéreos, acetônicos , metanólicos e aquosos de Cladonia substellata, C. crispatula e Cladina dendroides ocorrentes em solos arenosos de tabuleiros (cerrado) no Estado da Paraíba (Brasil), foram testados contra células PC3 e MDA-MB231 obtidas de adenocarcinoma prostático e mamário (humanos), bem como células P388 e L1210 provinientes de leucemia murina. Os resultados demonstraram uma maior eficácia dos extratos de C. substellata frente às quatro células testadas. Esta espécie e a Cladina dendroides, exceto seu extrato metanólico, apresentaram IC50 inferiores a 50(µg/ml, o que indica atividade satisfatória. Os extratos de C. crispatula não exerceram inibição relevante frente às células estudadas. Testes cromatográficos revelaram, em maior quantidade, a presença dos ácidos úsnico e estítico em C. substellata; ácido tamnólico em C. crispatula; atranorina e os ácidos protocetrárico e fumarprotocetrárico em C. dendroides, o que se supõe ser o princípio ativo dessas espécies.
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Thomas, D. C., S. J. Barry, and G. Alaie. "Fire - caribou - winter range relationships in northern Canada." Rangifer 16, no. 2 (January 1, 1996): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/2.16.2.1198.

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We needed data on temporal changes in caribou forages after fire and relative use of age-classes of forests by caribou to help devise a fire suppression priority strategy for caribou winter range in north-central Canada. Consequently, from 1983 through 1986, we estimated the abundance of vegetation and relative use by caribou at 197 sites in western and eastern study areas on the winter range of the Beverly herd of caribou {Rangifer tarandus). Species of lichens attained peak biomass at different periods after fire - as early as 40-60 years for Cladonia spp. to &gt; 150 years for Cladina rangiferina and Cetraria nivalis. Biomass of the primary "caribou lichen", Cladina mitis, increased rapidly from 21-30 years after fire to 41-50 years and attained maximum biomass at 81-90 yeats in the west and 41-60 years in the east. However, total lichen biomass increased with age of forest to 100-150 years because biomass of Stereocaulon spp. did not peak until after 100 years. The biomass of "caribou lichens" {Cladina spp. and Cetraria nivalis) stabilized after 61-80 years in the west and 41-60 years in the east. The biomass of terrestrial lichen species can be predicted from their cover. Caribou lichen abundance apparently was only one of several factors that caused caribou to use stands 151-250 years after fire more than othet age classes.
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Shelukheeva, M. G., and I. G. Nikolaeva. "Amino Acids from Lichens of the Genera Cladina and Cladonia." Chemistry of Natural Compounds 51, no. 2 (March 2015): 397–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10600-015-1297-5.

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McMullin, Richard Troy, and Sean Rapai. "A review of reindeer lichen (Cladonia subgenus Cladina) linear growth rates." Rangifer 40, no. 1 (August 12, 2020): 15–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/2.40.1.4636.

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Cladonia subgenus Cladina (the reindeer lichens) can be a dominant part of terrestrial ecosystems worldwide. They are particularly abundant in arctic-alpine and boreal regions, where they are a primary food source for woodland caribou/reindeer in winter months. Determining the growth rates of reindeer lichen is important for understanding and managing lichen regeneration following disturbances such as timber harvesting, mining, grazing, and wildfire. Regeneration and rehabilitation rates can be calculated with greater accuracy when growth rates are well understood. We provide a summary of 17 studies from 6 countries that determined the linear growth rates of three reindeer lichen groups, Cladonia arbuscula/mitis (mean = 4.7 mm/yr.), C. rangiferina/ C. stygia (mean = 5.1 mm/yr.), and C. stellaris (mean = 4.8 mm/yr.). We use linear growth rates as a proxy for over-all growth and biomass. Variables found to influence lichen growth rates are also discussed, which include light, moisture, temperature, air pollution, acid rain, precipitation, snow accumulation, substrate, age of individuals, and type of disturbance. These results can assist land managers in developing more accurate strategies for restoring lichens in disturbed areas.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cladina"

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Dahl, Wivecke. "Contribution à l'étude des métabolites secondaires chez les lichens fructiculeux Cladina stellaris et Cladina rangiferina /." Thèse, Chicoutimi : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 2003. http://theses.uqac.ca.

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McClelland, Rebecca Elizabeth Mooneyhan. "Ground Layer Response to Disturbance in the Pine-Dominated Eastern Foothill Region of West-Central Alberta, Canada." OpenSIUC, 2011. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/436.

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The canopy cover of the Pinus contorta forests of west-central Alberta, dictates colonization of the forest floor ground layer. This dynamic ground layer is a mosaic of feather mosses and reindeer lichens in a system driven by disturbance. In this project, anthropogenic was used to control canopy cover change and study its effects on the ground layer. Timber companies selectively mechanically thinned sections producing three experimental areas with uncut controls. Data were collected from 182, 6.5 m2 plots located in the four thinning areas. Six general areas of inquiry were posed around determining ground layer responses to canopy opening: 1) vegetation, 2) plant species richness, 3) plant abundance, 4) diaspore availability, 5) environmental limiting factors, 6) moss and lichen establishment. In 1997, three timber companies were involved in selective tree removal at three different stand percentages (20/40/60%), however, these were not consistent when measured in 2005. This variation in operational logging along with changes over the seven year time period, resulted in strong disparity for each of the thinning regimes. Percent canopy cover change for all thinned plots was ranked and three new groups created; least, moderate, most canopy change. These new groups formed the basis for the data presented in Chapter 3. The three thinning groups had little to no effect on species richness, but overall showed a small decrease from measurements taken pre-harvest. Numbers of locally rare species were similar to pre-harvest levels, but there were some gains and losses of species between pre-harvest and seven years post-harvest. In contrast to the lack of change in diversity, the abundance of dominant species and major vegetation components underwent dramatic changes. Dominant species of both vascular plants and bryophytes decreased with increasing canopy openness, with vascular plants being gradually affected while mosses were more affected at less intense canopy opening. Abundances of lichens showed no change. When measuring limiting factors (biotic and abiotic) for ground layer mosses and lichens, diaspores (spores and fragments) were plentiful in all stands, but differed in abundance at the micro-scale. The position of feather mosses and reindeer lichen in the forest floor mosaic appears to be due to an intermingling of environmental influences (at both the meso- and micro-scale). With less environmental constraints on lichens and the widespread availability of lichen fragments, lichens are more tolerant to the conditions evoked by thinning than are mosses. Mosses are more restricted by environmental conditions and have more constrained diaspore dispersal than lichens. Thus, mosses are more limited both by diaspore dispersal and by harsh environmental conditions in open canopy habitats. Whereas relative humidity (RH) did not differ at the stand level, moss dominated areas had higher RH no matter where they occurred, lichen-dominated areas did not--suggesting the moss occurrence is at least partially controlled by micro-scale level factors. Moss establishment is effected by the "ghosts" of past events and substrates. Mosses are widespread in formerly moss-dominated areas that contain organic substrates and high canopy cover. Lichen establishment is limited in previously moss-dominated areas. Species interactions weighed more heavily on moss establishment than on that of lichens. Therefore, the effects of canopy change on the ground layer are variable corresponding to moss decreases, but not lichens. Seven years post-harvest species diversity is unchanged, but vegetation, as a whole, has been affected.
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Srivastava, Raghvendra Mohan. "Electroslag cladding." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.611300.

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Roturier, Samuel. "La gestion des pâtures de lichen au cours de la régénération forestière : associer les savoirs locaux des éleveurs de rennes Sami et la sylviculture." Phd thesis, Museum national d'histoire naturelle - MNHN PARIS, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00483086.

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En Suède boréale, les techniques de régénération forestière utilisées par la foresterie moderne, notamment les préparations de sols précédant la plantation, endommagent les pâtures de lichen terricoles (Cladina spp.), et sont devenues une source de conflit entre forestiers et éleveurs de rennes Sami. L'objet de cette thèse est d'étudier des stratégies de régénération forestière pouvant réduire les perturbations et promouvoir le ré-établissement du lichen des rennes. Les savoirs et les pratiques des éleveurs Sami sur la ressource en lichen sont également analysés. Les effets de préparations de sol moins perturbatrices sur le ré-établissement du tapis de lichen, le pâturage des rennes et l'établissement de plants de Pinus sylvestris furent étudiés. L'utilisation de l'HuMinMix, technique mélangeant le couvert de lichen avec la couche d'humus et le sol minéral, est favorable à la régénération du tapis de lichen par comparaison aux préparations de sols conventionnelles. Cependant, l'établissement des jeunes pins est supérieur suivant une préparation exposant seulement le sol minéral. L'occurrence de dégâts mécaniques, possiblement causés par le piétinement des rennes, est un argument pour éviter la plantation dans les parcelles fortement fréquentées par les rennes, au profit de la régénération naturelle ou de l'ensemencement afin d'éviter les conflits avec les propriétaires forestiers. La régénération complète du tapis de lichen suivant la préparation de sol HuMinMix est estimée à une dizaine d'année comparé à plus de cinquante ans suivant les techniques conventionnelles. Les possibilités de dispersion artificielle du lichen, par exemple dans des parcelles fortement endommagées par les préparations de sol, sont également étudiées. La nature du substrat s'avère être un facteur clé pour l'établissement du lichen dispersé. Le sol minéral se révèle être un substrat ne permettant pas l'immobilisation des fragments de lichen, alors que les substrats organiques sont favorables à l'établissement et à la croissance du lichen. Au cours du suivi de 17 parcelles en régénération, toutes les espèces du genre Cladina furent observées colonisant naturellement les sols scarifiés. Néanmois la présence d'espèces de lichen pionnières semble favoriser l'établissement des lichens du genre Cladina. Toutes les méthodes de dispersion testées résultèrent en un établissement effectif du lichen. Néanmoins l'établissement suivant la transplantation de thalles lichéniques entiers, non-fragmentés, fût sévèrement réduit par le pâturage des rennes, alors que l'établissement à partir de thalles fragmentés le fût beaucoup moins. Une étude ethnolinguistique permit également de démontrer que, contrairement à son usage dans la culture occidentale où le mot ‘pâture' est associé à une communauté végétale spécifique, l'usage par les éleveurs Sami du même mot (guohtun en Sami) inclut l'effet de la neige sur les pâtures de lichen et leur pâturage par les rennes. Les éleveurs de rennes Samis utilisent leurs savoirs sur l'influence de la végétation forestière sur les conditions de neige, et donc les conditions de pâturage, pour élaborer des stratégies de pâturage au cours de l'hiver. C'est pourquoi il est nécessaire d'intégrer le savoir des éleveurs Sami sur les pâturages hivernaux en tenant compte des conséquences de la régénération forestière sur le développement et la structure du peuplement, afin d'améliorer la compréhension des effets de la production forestière sur le pâturage hivernal des rennes, et pour développer des stratégies qui satisfassent les gestionnaires forestiers et les éleveurs de rennes.
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Lin, Jehnming. "Characterisation of coaxial laser cladding." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367284.

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Paramonova, Ekaterina (Ekaterina D. ). "CRUD resistant fuel cladding materials." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/82447.

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Thesis (S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Nuclear Science and Engineering, 2013.
"June 2013." Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 27-29).
CRUD is a term commonly used to describe deposited corrosion products that form on the surface of fuel cladding rods during the operation of Pressurized Water Reactors (PWR). CRUD has deleterious effects on reactor operation and currently, there is no effective way to mitigate its formation. The Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) CRUD Resistant Fuel Cladding project has the objective to study the effect of different surface modifications of Zircaloy cladding on the formation of CRUD, and ultimately minimize its effects. This modification will alter the surface chemistry and therefore the CRUD formation rate. The objective of this study was to construct a pool boiling facility at atmospheric pressure and sub-cooled boiling conditions, and test a series of samples in simulated PWR water with a high concentration of nanoparticulate CRUD precursors. After testing, ZrC was the only material out of six that did not develop dark, circular spots, which are hypothesized to be the beginnings of CRUD boiling chimneys. Further testing will be needed to confirm that it is indeed more CRUD resistant, even under realistic PWR conditions in a parallel testing facility.
by Ekaterina Paramonova.
S.B.
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Murphy, M. L. "Rapid prototyping by laser surface cladding." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.284268.

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In recent years rapid prototyping technology has been implemented in many spheres of industry, particularly the field of product development. Existing process provide the capability to rapidly produce a tangible solid part, directly from three dimensional CAD data, from a range of nonmetallic materials. In many situations the desired end product of a development cycle is a metallic object, whether a component or a tool. The development of a system capable of the direct manufacture of fully dense, metal parts is therefore seen as an important landmark in the evolution of rapid prototyping technology. A unique experimental project has been carried out to investigate the potential of laser surface cladding by pneumatic powder delivery to form the basis for such a process. A layered manufacturing part building strategy is proposed, in which laser cladding is used to deposit the near net shape of each layer. Conventional machining techniques are then used to trim each layer to the exact dimensions specified by the CAD data. A multi-kilowatt carbon dioxide laser was integrated with a four axis machine tool to create an opto-mechanical workstation on which to perform the process. A detailed study of the effects of cladding process parameters on the geometry of the deposited metal was carried out and quantitative relationships derived. These relationships are used to select process parameters appropriate to the geometry of the deposition required. A numerical method to fully describe the deposited clad geometry was developed in order that efficient cutter paths could be generated for the back machining cycle. These relationships are also used to determine the minimum size of deposited bead from which the required layer section may be machined, in order to optimise process efficiency. The application of the technique to the generation of a variety of simple geometries was investigated and the potential problems identified. A preliminary investigation into the process accuracy is made, relating specifically to the predictability of the geometry of multiple layer depositions and the distortion of parts as subsequent layers are deposited. The limits of geometrical complexity possible with the current apparatus, and the unsatisfactory build times involved, suggest that the most attractive application of this technique is as part of a hybrid process, adding a novel additive dimension to existing automated fabrication techniques.
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Sexton, Cornelius Leo. "Rapid Alloy Scanning by laser cladding." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.320605.

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Gojan, Agnieszka. "Advanced Modeling of Pellet-Cladding Interaction." Thesis, KTH, Fysik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-192843.

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Ji, Junhua. "Cladding-pumped Raman fibre laser sources." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2011. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/186035/.

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In this thesis, I investigate cladding-pumped Raman fibre lasers and amplifiers. Such devices, offering a novel way to generate Raman gain, combine the advantages of the hugely successful cladding-pumped rare-earth doped fibre lasers with those of stimulated Raman scattering. They not only inherit most advantages of conventional fibre devices, such as flexibility, high efficiency, compactness, and robustness, but also provide their own advantages and distinct properties relative to conventional fibre sources, i.e., wavelength flexibility and nearly instantaneous gain without energy storage. Cladding-pumped Raman fibre laser sources utilise double-clad Raman fibres as the gain medium. These are similar to a rare-earth doped double-clad fibre except that there is no laserion doping of the core. With double-clad fibres, the high-power output from low-cost multimode pump sources can be converted into diffraction-limited signal beams, e.g., through stimulated Raman scattering. Thus, cladding-pumped Raman fibre laser sources are a kind of brightness enhancers. In the beginning of this thesis, I theoretically analyse various factors that limit the brightness enhancement of such devices. One of the limits is unwanted 2nd-Stokes generation, which restricts the area ratio between the inner cladding and core. By designing a new DCRF with a W-type core, I successfully relax this restriction by nearly five times. Combined with other factors, i.e., core damage threshold, walk-off, numerical aperture, and background loss, a brightness enhancement of more than 3500 for the designed fibre could be achieved in such devices shown by a model with right pump sources and parameters. Secondly, I focus on the conversion efficiency of such devices. A well-designed fibre with inner-cladding-to-core area ratio around six was used as a double-clad Raman fibre, pumped by a source with nearly rectangular pulse shapes. The nearly rectangular pulses were obtained from an erbium and ytterbium co-doped master optical power oscillator through prepulse shaping. A sufficiently short piece was chosen to reduce the background loss and walk-off. The highest peak power conversion into the 1st Stokes was 75% and the energy conversion efficiency was over 60% in a pulsed cladding-pumped Raman fibre amplifier. Thirdly, I study the power scalability. Theoretically, I analyse the achievable power of such devices. The core size turns out to be a critical factor in most cases. The ultimately output power is limited to around 24 kW by thermal lensing if the core is large enough and enough pump power available. Experimentally, in collaboration with co-workers, a 100 W claddingpumped Raman fibre laser was demonstrated at 1116 nm. The output beam was nearly diffraction-limited. It shows the potential of power scalability of such devices and the ability of generating high power diffraction-limited sources at wavelengths outside the conventional range that rare-earth doped fibres offer. Since a large core size is a critical factor for power scaling, new double-clad Raman fibres with large-mode areas were introduced. They were experimentally demonstrated to work as efficiently as the previous fibre. An Nd:YAG laser was used to pump one of these fibres, and a 1 mJ Raman fibre source with good beam quality was thus demonstrated. This shows that double-clad Raman fibres offer another approach to obtaining high-brightness high-energy sources. In addition, based on a cladding-pumped Raman fibre converter, a simple and efficient method was proposed to generate supercontinuum sources.
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Books on the topic "Cladina"

1

Amir, Khajepour, and Corbin Stephen, eds. Laser cladding. Boca Raton, Fl: CRC Press, 2005.

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Holien, Håkon. Notes on Cladonia asahinae, C. conista, and the C. grayi-group in Norway. Trondheim: Universitetet i Trondheim, Det Kgl. videnskabers selskab, Museet, 1985.

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Timber Research and Development Association. and TRADA Technology, eds. External timber cladding. High Wycombe: TRADA Technology, 2000.

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Brookes, Alan. Cladding of Buildings. London: Taylor & Francis Inc, 2002.

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Cladding of buildings. 4th ed. Abington [England]: Taylor & Francis, 2008.

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Brookes, Alan. Cladding of Buildings. London: Taylor & Francis Group Plc, 2004.

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Huls, Mary Ellen. Cladding: A bibliography. Monticello, Ill: Vance Bibliographies, 1985.

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P, Wolstenholme R., Howell D. M, W. S. Atkins and Partners., and Great Britain. Construction Sponsorship Directorate., eds. Durability of cladding. London: Thomas Telford, 1994.

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Cladding of buildings. 3rd ed. London: E & FN Spon, 1998.

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de Sousa Camposinhos, Rui de. Stone Cladding Engineering. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6848-2.

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Book chapters on the topic "Cladina"

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Simnad, Massoud T. "Cladding." In Inorganic Reactions and Methods, 380–84. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470145333.ch218.

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Jacobs, Justin W., and Paul W. McMullin. "Cladding." In Special Structural Topics, 175–206. New York, NY : Routledge, 2018. | Series: Architect’s: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315733722-8.

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Lepski, Dietrich, and Frank Brückner. "Laser Cladding." In The Theory of Laser Materials Processing, 235–79. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-9340-1_8.

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von Zabeltitz, Christian. "Cladding Material." In Integrated Greenhouse Systems for Mild Climates, 145–67. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-14582-7_7.

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Weik, Martin H. "homogeneous cladding." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 732. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_8439.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Roof Cladding." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 637. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_10118.

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Ocaña, José L., and Janez Grum. "Laser Cladding." In Encyclopedia of Tribology, 1926–34. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-92897-5_695.

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Weik, Martin H. "matched cladding." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 983. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_11154.

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Brückner, Frank, and Dietrich Lepski. "Laser Cladding." In The Theory of Laser Materials Processing, 263–306. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56711-2_9.

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Watts, Andrew. "Stone cladding." In Modern Construction Envelopes, 220–29. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-0258-9_21.

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Conference papers on the topic "Cladina"

1

Vilar, Rui M. "Laser cladding." In SPIE Proceedings, edited by Heinz P. Weber, Vitali I. Konov, and Thomas Graf. SPIE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.543724.

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Ellinger, Jefferson. "Dynamic Composite Cladding." In AIA/ACSA Intersections Conference. ACSA Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.aia.inter.15.13.

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Dynamic Composite Cladding is a collaborative research project that attempts to recast typical low cost cladding as a high performance, customized system. The focus of this research is to produce a next generation cladding system that departs from the conventional environmental and aesthetic thinking for a building facade.
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Leong, K. H., K. L. Ho, and H. C. Man. "Monitoring laser cladding." In ICALEO® 2005: 24th International Congress on Laser Materials Processing and Laser Microfabrication. Laser Institute of America, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2351/1.5060478.

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Levy, Uriel. "Atomic Cladding Waveguide." In Optical Fiber Communication Conference. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ofc.2015.w4a.1.

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Remontet, C., J. M. Bouchut, V. Licchesi, and Jacky Duchesne. "LMJ cladding industrialization." In Third International Conference on Solid State Lasers for Application to Inertial Confinement Fusion, edited by W. Howard Lowdermilk. SPIE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.354203.

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Morimoto, Junji, and Nobuyuki Abe. "A precise cladding with direct diode laser for thin cladding layer." In ICALEO® 2008: 27th International Congress on Laser Materials Processing, Laser Microprocessing and Nanomanufacturing. Laser Institute of America, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2351/1.5061428.

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Nowotny, St, S. Scharek, R. Zieris, T. Naumann, and E. Beyer. "Innovations in laser cladding." In ICALEO® 2000: Proceedings of the Laser Materials Processing Conference. Laser Institute of America, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2351/1.5059394.

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Meuken, D. "Explosive Welding and Cladding." In SHOCK COMPRESSION OF CONDENSED MATTER - 2003: Proceedings of the Conference of the American Physical Society Topical Group on Shock Compression of Condensed Matter. AIP, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1780433.

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Brar, Charanjot, William Davis, Eric Mann, Clifford Ridley, Brenton Wirachowsky, Chary Rangacharyulu, David Guzonas, and Laurence Leung. "Gen IV SCWR cladding analysis project: Nickel content in SCWR cladding material." In 2015 5th International Youth Conference on Energy (IYCE). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iyce.2015.7180743.

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Xiao, Haibing, Mingjun Liu, and Wei Zhang. "Investigation on Laser Cladding Mechanism and Cladding Process of Iron Base Materials." In 2018 3rd International Conference on Control, Automation and Artificial Intelligence (CAAI 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/caai-18.2018.40.

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Reports on the topic "Cladina"

1

E. Siegmann. Initial Cladding Condition. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/850426.

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THOMAS DENNIS W. CLADDING DEGRADATION SUMMARY FOR LA. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/882867.

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Hart, R. R., J. Rennie, K. Aucoin, and M. West. Gallium interactions with zircaloy cladding. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/615633.

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O'Brien, Lindsay, and Erik Luther. High Temperature Moderator Cladding Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1818079.

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Merrill, Brad J., and Shannon M. Bragg-Sitton. Status report of advanced cladding modeling work to assess cladding performance under accident conditions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1122118.

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Barner, J., and D. Fitzsimmons. Electrically heated ex-reactor pellet-cladding interaction (PCI) simulations utilizing irradiated Zircaloy cladding. [PWR]. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6021014.

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Wood, E. L., and D. L. Porter. Fuel/cladding compatibility of U-10Zr and U-5Fs fuels with advanced alloy cladding materials. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/711868.

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Leibowitz, L. Phase relations for fuel-cladding interactions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/712838.

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P. Macheret. COMPARISON OF CLADDING CREEP RUPTURE MODELS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/886036.

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P. Macheret. CREEP STRAIN CORRELATION FOR IRRADIATED CLADDING. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/886037.

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