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Academic literature on the topic 'Cladophora'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 6 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Cladophora"

1

Aziz, Abdul, Shahima Islam, and Abdullah Harun Chowdhury. "Marine algae of St. Martins Island, Bangladesh. IX. New records of green algae (Chlorophyceae)." Bangladesh Journal of Plant Taxonomy 17, no. 2 (December 21, 2010): 193–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpt.v17i2.6699.

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Cladophora crispula Vickers, Cladophora prolifera (Roth) Kütz. and Phyllodictyon anastomosans (Harv.) Kraft et Wynne are recorded and described for the first time from the St. Martin’s Island, Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh.Keywords: Cladophora crispula; Cladophora prolifera; Phyllodictyon anastomosans; St. Martin’s Island.DOI: 10.3329/bjpt.v17i2.6699Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 17(2): 193-198, 2010 (December)

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Ishii, Satoshi, Tao Yan, Dawn A. Shively, Muruleedhara N. Byappanahalli, Richard L. Whitman, and Michael J. Sadowsky. "Cladophora (Chlorophyta) spp. Harbor Human Bacterial Pathogens in Nearshore Water of Lake Michigan." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 72, no. 7 (July 2006): 4545–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00131-06.

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ABSTRACT Cladophora glomerata, a macrophytic green alga, is commonly found in the Great Lakes, and significant accumulations occur along shorelines during the summer months. Recently, Cladophora has been shown to harbor high densities of the fecal indicator bacteria Escherichia coli and enterococci. Cladophora may also harbor human pathogens; however, until now, no studies to address this question have been performed. In the present study, we determined whether attached Cladophora, obtained from the Lake Michigan and Burns Ditch (Little Calumet River, Indiana) sides of a breakwater during the summers of 2004 and 2005, harbored the bacterial pathogens Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC), Salmonella, Shigella, and Campylobacter. The presence of potential pathogens and numbers of organisms were determined by using cultural methods and by using conventional PCR, most-probable-number PCR (MPN-PCR), and quantitative PCR (QPCR) performed with genus- and toxin-specific primers and probes. While Shigella and STEC were detected in 100% and 25%, respectively, of the algal samples obtained near Burns Ditch in 2004, the same pathogens were not detected in samples collected in 2005. MPN-PCR and QPCR allowed enumeration of Salmonella in 40 to 80% of the ditch- and lakeside samples, respectively, and the densities were up to 1.6 × 103 cells per g Cladophora. Similarly, these PCR methods allowed enumeration of up to 5.4 × 102 Campylobacter cells/g Cladophora in 60 to 100% of lake- and ditchside samples. The Campylobacter densities were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the lakeside Cladophora samples than in the ditchside Cladophora samples. DNA fingerprint analyses indicated that genotypically identical Salmonella isolates were associated with geographically and temporally distinct Cladophora samples. However, Campylobacter isolates were genetically diverse. Since animal hosts are thought to be the primary habitat for Campylobacter and Salmonella species, our results suggest that Cladophora is a likely secondary habitat for pathogenic bacteria in Lake Michigan and that the association of these bacteria with Cladophora warrants additional studies to assess the potential health impact on beach users.

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Verhougstraete, M. P., M. N. Byappanahalli, J. B. Rose, and R. L. Whitman. "Cladophora in the Great Lakes: impacts on beach water quality and human health." Water Science and Technology 62, no. 1 (July 1, 2010): 68–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2010.230.

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Cladophora in the Great Lakes grows rapidly during the warm summer months, detaches, and becomes free-floating mats as a result of environmental conditions, eventually becoming stranded on recreational beaches. Cladophora provides protection and nutrients, which allow enteric bacteria such as Escherichia coli, enterococci, Shigella, Campylobacter, and Salmonella to persist and potentially regrow in the presence of the algae. As a result of wind and wave action, these microorganisms can detach and be released to surrounding waters and can influence water quality. Enteric bacterial pathogens have been detected in Cladophora mats; E. coli and enterococci may populate to become part of the naturalized microbiota in Cladophora; the high densities of these bacteria may affect water quality, resulting in unnecessary beach closures. The continued use of traditional fecal indicators at beaches with Cladophora presence is inadequate at accurately predicting the presence of fecal contamination. This paper offers a substantial review of available literature to improve the knowledge of Cladophora impacts on water quality, recreational water monitoring, fecal indicator bacteria and microorganisms, and public health and policy.

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Holomuzki, Joseph R., Robert W. Pillsbury, and Sapna B. Khandwala. "Interplay between dispersal determinants of larval hydropsychid caddisflies." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 56, no. 11 (November 1, 1999): 2041–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f99-141.

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We examined the interactive effects of predator (perlid stoneflies) presence, epilithic algal cover, and substrate size on drift and resettlement decisions by larval hydropsychid caddisflies in a series of experiments conducted in real and artificial streams. Predator effects on drift-entry depended on algal structural complexity. Stoneflies significantly increased hydropsychid drift from biofilm-covered rocks but not from rocks covered with a thick periphyton mat or with a macroalga (Cladophora glomerata, approx. 20% surface cover). When we manipulated degree of Cladophora cover, we found that Cladophora even in small amounts (4-13% cover) nullified stonefly effects on drift and that drift was inversely related to amount of Cladophora on rocks. However, Cladophora may only be important as a dispersal determinant until retreats (i.e., immovable cases) are constructed and vulnerability to predators decreases. Hydropsychid drift rates were positively related to gravel abundance, but Cladophora presence enhanced settlement rates on the substrate. Our study shows that multiple factors jointly influence dispersal patterns of hydropsychid larvae and that the relative strength of any one factor as a dispersal determinant varies depending on conditions of other determinants.

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Byappanahalli, Muruleedhara N., and Richard L. Whitman. "Clostridium botulinum type E occurs and grows in the alga Cladophora glomerata." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 66, no. 6 (June 2009): 879–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f09-052.

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In recent years, massive avian die-offs from Clostridium botulinum type E infection have occurred in the Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore (SLBE) area of Lake Michigan. These outbreaks have been coincidental with massive blooms of the green algae Cladophora , mostly Cladophora glomerata . We tested the hypothesis that Clostridium botulinum type E can grow under suitable conditions in these algal mats. In a lab mesocosm study, Cladophora from four outbreak-impacted beaches from SLBE were compared with four unimpacted beaches in the Milwaukee–Racine area for bontE gene of Clostridium botulinum. Frequency of the bontE gene was higher after incubation (25 °C for up to 6 weeks) of Cladophora from impacted vs. the unimpacted area. Since no type E gene was detected initially in Cladophora from any of the eight locations, we infer that the increased occurrence of type E gene arose from spore germination or vegetative Clostridium growth within the existing algal mats of SLBE. Moreover, we found that the congener Clostridium perfringens readily grows in mesocosms containing Cladophora.

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Kuczynski, Anika, Martin T. Auer, Colin N. Brooks, and Amanda G. Grimm. "The Cladophora resurgence in Lake Ontario: characterization and implications for management." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 73, no. 6 (June 2016): 999–1013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2015-0460.

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Nuisance growth of the alga Cladophora, reported from Lake Ontario since the 1930s, abated in the decades following implementation of phosphorus control measures in the 1970s. Our examination of beach fouling records and historical observations of algal biomass has confirmed literature reports that a resurgence in nuisance growth of Cladophora has occurred since invasion of Great Lakes waters by dreissenids. Our findings indicate that the growth rate of Cladophora (specific rate of net photosynthesis) has decreased by 44% since 1972 in response to phosphorus controls. However, improved transparency, a response to mussel activity, has increased the maximum depth colonizable by Cladophora by a factor of 5 over that same interval. The net result is a sixfold increase in production potential since the late 1980s (the Post-P Management II Period) and a threefold increase since the 1970s (the Pre-P Management Period). Although the Cladophora resurgence has been driven by dreissenid modification of the light environment, phosphorus management remains the only alternative for reversing and ameliorating nuisance conditions. Elucidation of the nature of the Cladophora resurgence will aid decision-makers in maintaining a focus on phosphorus management as the appropriate means of remediating nuisance growth of the alga.

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Whitman, Richard L., Dawn A. Shively, Heather Pawlik, Meredith B. Nevers, and Muruleedhara N. Byappanahalli. "Occurrence of Escherichia coli and Enterococci in Cladophora (Chlorophyta) in Nearshore Water and Beach Sand of Lake Michigan." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 69, no. 8 (August 2003): 4714–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.69.8.4714-4719.2003.

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ABSTRACT Each summer, the nuisance green alga Cladophora (mostly Cladophora glomerata) amasses along Lake Michigan beaches, creating nearshore anoxia and unsightly, malodorous mats that can attract problem animals and detract from visitor enjoyment. Traditionally, elevated counts of Escherichia coli are presumed to indicate the presence of sewage, mostly derived from nearby point sources. The relationship between fecal indicator bacteria and Cladophora remains essentially unstudied. This investigation describes the local and regional density of Escherichia coli and enterococci in Cladophora mats along beaches in the four states (Wisconsin, Illinois, Indiana, and Michigan) bordering Lake Michigan. Samples of Cladophora strands collected from 10 beaches (n = 41) were assayed for concentrations of E. coli and enterococci during the summer of 2002. Both E. coli and enterococci were ubiquitous (up to 97% occurrence), with overall log mean densities (± standard errors) of 5.3 (± 4.8) and 4.8 (± 4.5) per g (dry weight). E. coli and enterococci were strongly correlated in southern Lake Michigan beaches (P < 0.001, R 2 = 0.73, n = 17) but not in northern beaches (P = 0.892, n = 16). Both E. coli and enterococci survived for over 6 months in sun-dried Cladophora mats stored at 4°C; the residual bacteria in the dried alga readily grew upon rehydration. These findings suggest that Cladophora amassing along the beaches of Lake Michigan may be an important environmental source of indicator bacteria and call into question the reliability of E. coli and enterococci as indicators of water quality for freshwater recreational beaches.

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Ibsen, Michael, Dinesh M. Fernando, Ayush Kumar, and Andrea E. Kirkwood. "Prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes in bacterial communities associated with Cladophora glomerata mats along the nearshore of Lake Ontario." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 63, no. 5 (May 2017): 439–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjm-2016-0803.

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The alga Cladophora glomerata can erupt in nuisance blooms throughout the lower Great Lakes. Since bacterial abundance increases with the emergence and decay of Cladophora, we investigated the prevalence of antibiotic resistance (ABR) in Cladophora-associated bacterial communities up-gradient and down-gradient from a large sewage treatment plant (STP) on Lake Ontario. Although STPs are well-known sources of ABR, we also expected detectable ABR from up-gradient wetland communities, since they receive surface run-off from urban and agricultural sources. Statistically significant differences in aquatic bacterial abundance and ABR were found between down-gradient beach samples and up-gradient coastal wetland samples (ANOVA, Holm–Sidak test, p < 0.05). Decaying and free-floating Cladophora sampled near the STP had the highest bacterial densities overall, including on ampicillin- and vancomycin-treated plates. However, quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis of the ABR genes ampC, tetA, tetB, and vanA from environmental communities showed a different pattern. Some of the highest ABR gene levels occurred at the 2 coastal wetland sites (vanA). Overall, bacterial ABR profiles from environmental samples were distinguishable between living and decaying Cladophora, inferring that Cladophora may control bacterial ABR depending on its life-cycle stage. Our results also show how spatially and temporally dynamic ABR is in nearshore aquatic bacteria, which warrants further research.

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Olapade, Ola A., Morgan M. Depas, Erika T. Jensen, and Sandra L. McLellan. "Microbial Communities and Fecal Indicator Bacteria Associated with Cladophora Mats on Beach Sites along Lake Michigan Shores." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 72, no. 3 (March 2006): 1932–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.72.3.1932-1938.2006.

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ABSTRACT A high biomasses of Cladophora, a filamentous green alga, is found mainly during the summer along the shores of Lake Michigan. In this study, the abundance and persistence of the fecal indicator bacterium Escherichia coli and sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) on Cladophora mats collected at Lake Michigan beaches were evaluated using both culture-based and molecular analyses. Additionally, 16S rRNA gene cloning and sequencing were used to examine the bacterial community composition. Overall, E. coli was detected in all 63 samples obtained from 11 sites, and the average levels at most beaches ranged from 2,700 CFU/100 g (wet weight) of Cladophora to 7,500 CFU/100 g of Cladophora. However, three beaches were found to have site average E. coli densities of 12,800, 21,130, and 27,950 CFU/100 g of Cladophora. The E. coli levels in the lake water collected at the same time from these three sites were less than the recommended U.S. Environmental Protection Agency limit, 235 CFU/100 ml. E. coli also persisted on Cladophora mats in microcosms at room temperature for more than 7 days, and in some experiments it persisted for as long as 28 days. The SRB densities on Cladophora mats were relatively high, ranging from 4.4 × 106 cells/g (6.64 log CFU/g) to 5.73 × 106 cells/g (6.76 log CFU/g) and accounting for between 20% and 27% of the total bacterial counts. Partial sequences of the 16S rRNA gene clones revealed a phylogenetically diverse community, in which the Cytophaga-Flavobacterium-Bacteroides cluster and the low-G+C-content gram-positive bacteria were the dominant organisms, accounting for 40% and 12.8%, respectively, of the total clone library. These results further reveal the potential public health and ecological significance of Cladophora mats that are commonly found along the shoreline of Lake Michigan, especially with regard to the potential to harbor microorganisms associated with fecal pollution and odor-causing bacteria.

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Journal, Baghdad Science. "Anti –phytopathogenic Activities of Cladophora glomerata extract against plant fungi." Baghdad Science Journal 11, no. 2 (June 1, 2014): 883–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.11.2.883-887.

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The antiphytopathogenic effects of the crude methanol extract of Cladophora glomerata (Lin.) Kützing (Cladophoraceae) which isolated from Al Rashidiya region at north of Baghdad was investigated against two type of plant fungi (Pythium altimum and Rhizoctonia solani) which causes damping off disease where isolated from covered cucumber field in Al-Alyosifia region. Hot methanol extract showed antifungal activity against the two species of fungi in different concentrations(10,25,50 mg/ml) of extract to Cladophora glomerata as percentage inhibition (51.63 ,72.8 ,83.71) and (56.18 ,77.41 ,100)comparing with Pythium altimum and Rhizoctonia solani respectively .primary detection of active compounds showed that macroalgae (Cladophora glomerata) containing flavonoids,alkaloids, phenols and tannins. Our findings suggest the possibility of using the Cladophora glomerata as a novel source of natural antimicrobial agents for pharmaceutical industries.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cladophora"

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Brook, J. G. "Relationships between Cladophora glomerata and aquatic macrophytes." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.377118.

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Bakker, Frederik Theodoor. "Time spans and spacers: molecular phylogenetic explorations in the Cladophora complex (Chlorophyta) from the perspective of rDNA gene and spacer sequences." [S.l. : [Groningen] : s.n.] ; [University Library Groningen] [Host], 1995. http://irs.ub.rug.nl/ppn/141166363.

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Thomas, D. N. "Salt tolerances in Cladophora (chlorophyceae) : A study of populations and species." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.382123.

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Le, Roux Renee Joy. "Factors influencing the growth and control of Cladophora glomerata (L.) Kutz." Thesis, University of Cape Town, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/25924.

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Higgins, Scott. "Modeling the growth dynamics of Cladophora in eastern Lake Erie." Thesis, University of Waterloo, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/1274.

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Cladophora glomerata is a filamentous green alga that currently forms extensive blooms in nearshore areas of Lake Ontario, eastern Lake Erie, Lake Michigan, and isolated locations in Lake Huron. The biomass, areal coverage, algal bed characteristics, and tissue phosphorus concentrations of Cladophora glomerata were measured at 24 nearshore rocky sites along the northern shoreline of Lake Erie?s eastern basin between 1995-2002. Midsummer areal coverage at shallow depths (≤5m) ranged from 4-100 %, with a median value of 96%. Peak seasonal biomass ranged from <1 to 940 g m^-2 dry mass (DM), with a median value of 171 g m^-2 DM. Tissue phosphorus varied seasonally, with initial high values in early May (0. 15 to 0. 27 % DM; median 0. 23 % DM) to midsummer seasonal low values during peak biomass (0. 03 to 0. 23 % DM; median 0. 06 % DM). A numerical Cladophora growth model (CGM) was revised and field-tested at 5 sites in eastern Lake Erie during 2002. The CGM is useful for: 1) Predicting Cladophora growth, biomass, and tissue phosphorus concentrations under non-point source P loading with no depth restrictions; 2) providing estimates of the timing and magnitude of the midsummer sloughing phenomenon; 3) determining the contribution of Dreissena invasion to the resurgence of Cladophora in eastern Lake Erie; and 4) developing management strategies for Cladophora abatement. The CGM was applied to investigate how the spatial and temporal patterns of Cladophora growth were influenced by the natural variability in environmental parameters in eastern Lake Erie. Seasonal patterns in Cladophora growth were strongly influenced by temperature, and peak depth-integrated biomass was strongly influenced by both available light and phosphorus. The photosynthetic capacity of field collected Cladophora was a poor predictor of the mid-summer sloughing phenomenon. The CGM, however, predicted that self-shading within the dense Cladophora mats would have caused negative growth rates at the base of the dense mats for 14 days prior to the sloughing event. The metabolic imbalances at the base of the Cladophora mats were driven primarily by the availability of light and were exacerbated by intermediate water temperatures (~23°C). The excellent agreement between model simulations and field data illustrates the ability of the CGM to predict tissue P and growth over a range of sites and depths in eastern Lake Erie and suggests potential for the model to be successfully applied in other systems.

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Ross, Michael Eric. "Wastewater treatment by filamentous macroalgae." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/31512.

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An increase in anthropogenic activity has led to the heightened levels of pollution entering aquatic systems. These excessive concentrations of heavy metals, nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) in water bodies can lead to several adverse impacts, such as eutrophication and human health risks. Therefore, the removal of pollutants from wastewaters, prior to their discharge into the natural environment, is of paramount importance. However, conventional wastewater treatment (WWT) technologies have their limitations; for instance, large capital/operational costs, and incomplete removal of contaminants. Therefore, innovative and more effective treatment technologies are required. Macro-algae typically have high growth and solar energy conversion rates, and are able to sequester nutrients, utilise CO2, and adsorb metals from aquatic environments. Therefore, algae may have potential applications in WWT. Furthermore, costs could be negated by the production of renewable algal biomass which may have a variety of commercially exploitable applications. However, issues such as poor selection of species or cultivation systems, and a lack of understanding of the influence of biological, chemical and physical factors, particularly in a highly dynamic wastewater environments, has led to varied results and prevented algal WWT becoming a widespread reality. In this thesis the algae Cladophora coelothrix and Cladophora parriaudii were studied as potential organisms for implementation into WWT. In addition to the features mentioned above, Cladophora was selected due to its ubiquity, filamentous morphology, which minimises harvesting costs, as well as their natural dominance and bloom forming behaviour in nutrient-rich environments. The influence of dewatering techniques, environmental factors, and nutrient regime upon the growth, nutrient/metal removal, and biochemical composition of the biomass were assessed. The first aspect of the thesis was an abiotic screening process, in order to investigate the robustness of Cladophora and its suitability for WWT applications on a fundamental level. Good rates of growth (4-13.3% d-1) and nutrient removal (45.2-99.9%) were observed throughout the screening process, except under the most extreme of conditions, e.g. pH 3. This indicated that Cladophora are potentially suitable for treating a broad range of wastewaters and merit further research to improve its potential applicability for WWT applications and commercial realisation. For instance, developing a reliable and accurate method for fresh weight (FW) assessment and hence productivity estimation. The determination of growth rate via FW measurement is one of the most basic aspects of algal biology, yet no standardised method exists for filamentous macro-algae. A variety of FW methods were systematically assessed in terms of accuracy and physiological impact. Methods involving mechanical pressing to dewater the biomass resulted in >25% reduction in the final biomass yield, compared to control cultures. The best method for FW determination employed a reticulated spinner, which was rapid, reliable, and easily standardised. Furthermore, this approach ensured accurate growth estimation with minimal physiological impact, measured as growth, maintenance of structural integrity and nutrient removal. This indicates that the method developed has the potential for widespread application in macro-algal cultivation, as such the method was employed throughout this thesis. The influence of nutrient regime on growth, biochemical composition, and bioremediation capacity was studied for both species of Cladophora. The nutrient regimes tested, representative of a broad variety of wastewaters, included four different N/P ratios, four N sources (ammonium, nitrate, nitrite and urea), and six different equimolar N source combinations provided at two N/P ratios. There were clear differences in performance between the two species, with higher rates of growth observed in all instances by C. parriaudii (4.75-11.2% d-1 vs. 3.98-7.37% d-1). Furthermore, ammonium was removed preferentially, whereas urea was removed secondarily. However, the presence of urea in the medium enhanced growth and uptake of the other co-existing N-forms, and yielded a carbohydrate-rich biomass (37.6-54% DW). These findings demonstrate that algal strain selection is important for treating wastewaters with specific nutrient profiles. In addition, results from this study suggest that nutrient regimes can be tailored to produce biomass with certain properties or characteristics, which make it suitable for further, potentially commercially viable, applications, such as metal biosorption. Since the biochemical characteristics of algal biomass were shown to be affected by nutrient regime, the final chapter describes research investigating the influence of nutritional history on metal biosorption. C. parriaudii was cultivated under different nutrient regimes to produce biomass of varying biochemical composition. This biomass was then used for metal removal, with maximum removal rates ranging from 1.08-2.35 mmol g1, 0.3-0.62 mmol g-1, 0.22-0.48 mmol g-1, and 0.43-0.61 mmol g-1 for Al2+, Cu2+, Mn2+, and Pb2+, respectively. Observations from this work indicate that metal removal is achieved by various mechanisms including adsorption, ion exchange, complexation and micro-precipitation, and that the biosorption efficacy is dependent upon the number and type of functional groups present, which are in turn influenced by the cultures nutrient regime. Overall, this study demonstrates the inter-relatedness of biological, chemical, and physical factors on algal growth, nutrient removal, biochemical composition, and metal biosorption. Results from this work have highlighted the need for standardisation in protocols, increased understanding of the influence of algal selection and nutrient characteristics in bioremediation, and highlighted the importance of considering biological aspects, specifically nutritional history, in biosorption studies.

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Szabo, Adam R. "Evaluating Opportunities to Improve Resource Efficiency of Conventional Wastewater Treatment Using the Alga Cladophora glomerata." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1336488346.

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Ross, Sara J. "Molecular Phylogeography and Species Discrimination of Freshwater Cladophora (Cladophorales, Chlorophyta) in North America." Thesis, University of Waterloo, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/2977.

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Cladophora is a widespread freshwater filamentous cholorophyte genus and is frequently observed in eutrophic waters where it can produce large nuisance blooms. These blooms can have direct impacts on water intake for power generation, irrigation canals and can be aesthetically unpleasant. Much of the ecological and physiological studies on Cladophora have assumed that the populations of this genus in North America belong to the species Cladophora glomerata. However, this has never been tested despite that it is well documented that identifying freshwater Cladophora to the species level is difficult due morphological variability under different ecological conditions. In addition, the species epithets for freshwater Cladophora are based on European collections and it is not clear if these should be applied to North America. This study examines approximately 40 collections of Cladophora from the Laurentian Great Lakes and 43 from various locations in North America ranging from the Northwest Territories to Puerto Rico. Initially we determined the nucleotide sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the nuclear ribosomal cistron and observed sequence divergence to be low (0-3%), demonstrating an inability for this marker to resolve species delineation as divergence of this region was low. Amplification of the inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) regions were used to analyze microsatellite motif frequency throughout the genome to evaluate the biogeography relationships, including diversity, of freshwater Cladophora sp. five different primers were used on 70 individuals. UPGMA analyses of the presence/absence of bands demonstrate that each of the Great Lake populations separate into groups according to the Lake they were initially sampled from. However, collections from North America are highly variable and do not form well supported biogeographic clades. In addition, these collections appear to be distinct from type cultures of freshwater Cladophora from Europe. Supplementary morphological analysis using suggested taxonomically valid criterion (length and diameter of main axis, ultimate branch, and apical cell) none were able to differentiate Great Lake populations.

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DeJong, Dolf. "The growth and distribution of the green alga Cladophora at Presqu'ile Provincial Park, implications for management." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ52217.pdf.

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Shelton, Alicia Dawn. "Bioconcentration in Cladophora Glomerata and Orconectes Propinquus: Following the Fate of Atrazine in the Little Miami River Watershed, Ohio." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1016467379.

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Books on the topic "Cladophora"

1

Wong, S. L. Ultrastructural changes as indicators of the effectiveness of a Hyamine Quaternary compound as an algacide in controlling growth of the filamentous alga, Cladophora (chlorophyta) /$creport prepared for Limnology Section, Water Resources Branch, Ontario Ministry of the Environment ; report prepared by S.L. Wong & J.F. Wainwright. [Rexdale, Ont.]: The Section, 1992.

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Westwood, J. Documentation of the nuisance alga, cladophora in the Sydenham river Grey County. [Toronto: Ontario Ministry of the Environment, 1992.

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Hoek, C. van den. A taxonomic revision of the marine species of Cladophora (Chlorophyta) along the coasts of Japan and the Russian Far-east. Tokyo: National Science Museum, 2000.

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Monaco, Mark E. The ecology and productivity of Cladophora glomerata in western Lake Erie. [Columbus]: Ohio Sea Grant Program, 1985.

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Wong, S. L. Ultrastructural changes as indicators of the effectiveness of a hyamine quaternary compound as an algacide in controlling growth of the filamentous alga, Cladophora (Chlorophyta). [Toronto]: Queen's Printer for Ontario, 1992.

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Wong, S. L. Ultrastructural changes as indicators of the effectiveness of a Hyamine Quaternary compound as an algacide in controlling growth of the filamentous alga, Cladophora (chlorophyta). Rexdale, Ont: Limnology Section, 1992.

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Wong, S. L. The ultrastructural response of two morphologically distinct forms of cladophora glomerata to the algicide hyamine: Report. [Toronto]: Ontario, Ministry of Environment and Energy, 1994.

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Rang, Sarah. Studies of seasonal variation, uptake and loss of cadmium, lead and mercury in the biomonitor, cladophora glomerata in the Niagara River. Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1992.

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Book chapters on the topic "Cladophora"

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Dienemann, Claudia, Holger Dienemann, E. Gert Dudel, and C. Schurig. "Uranium fixation by Cladophora spec." In Uranium, Mining and Hydrogeology, 103–10. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-87746-2_16.

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Safarov, N. S., R. I. Agalarov, M. N. Isaev, A. Dikiy, and R. A. Gasanov. "Isolation and Spectroscopic Characterization of Cytochrome C6 from cladophora Glomerata." In Progress in Botanical Research, 235–38. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5274-7_52.

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Hayashi, Noriko, and Tetsuo Kondo. "Enzymatically Produced Nano-ordered Elements Containing Cellulose Iβ Crystalline Domains of Cladophora Cellulose." In Handbook of Polymer Nanocomposites. Processing, Performance and Application, 1–14. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-45232-1_58.

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Paalme, Tiina, Henn Kukk, Jonne Kotta, and Helen Orav. "‘In vitro’ and ‘in situ’ decomposition of nuisance macroalgae Cladophora glomerata and Pilayella littoralis." In Nutrients and Eutrophication in Estuaries and Coastal Waters, 469–76. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2464-7_36.

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Bot, P. V. M., and C. van den Hoek. "The Application of DNA-DNA Hybridization in Seaweeds and DNA Divergence Between Some Amphi-Atlantic Cladophora (Cladophorales, Chlorophyta) Species." In Evolutionary Biogeography of the Marine Algae of the North Atlantic, 131–45. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75115-8_7.

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Ensminger, I., C. Hagen, and W. Braune. "Photosynthetic Activity and Changes in the Pigment Pattern of Cladophora Glomerata in Dependence on Light Intensity in its Natural Habitat (River Ilm, Thuringia/Germany)." In Photosynthesis: Mechanisms and Effects, 2333–36. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3953-3_547.

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"CLADOPHORA (Chlorophyceae)." In Directory Of Plants Containing Secondary Metabolites, 301–8. CRC Press, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b12561-118.

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Hillebrand, H., and P. J. R. De Vries. "Chapter 12 Growth of the Fouling Alga Cladophora Glomerata (L.) Kütz. at Various Concentrations of Copper." In Studies in Environmental Science, 175–78. Elsevier, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0166-1116(08)72178-2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Cladophora"

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Shui-Ping Chang. "Comparison of the structure and properties between the Cladophora and Spirogyra filamentous macroalga." In 2008 2nd IEEE International Nanoelectronics Conference. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/inec.2008.4585632.

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Lee, YiChao, Hweylin Sheu, Shuiping Chang, and Chihsheng Lee. "The Changes of Polysaccharides in Extracellular Polymeric Substance for Cladophora glomerata under Different Salinity." In 2015 International Conference on Structural, Mechanical and Material Engineering. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icsmme-15.2015.44.

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Steven, S., Ilham Octiano, and Y. Mardiyati. "Cladophora algae cellulose and starch based bio-composite as an alternative for environmentally friendly packaging material." In 1ST INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON ADVANCES IN METALLURGY AND MATERIALS (i-SENAMM 2019). AIP Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0015845.

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