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Journal articles on the topic 'Clarias gariepinus - Effect of insecticides on'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Olayinka-Olagunju, J. O. "Effects of two eco-friendly insecticides (Dennettia tripetala & Piper guineense) against Dermestes maculatus (Degeer) on smoked dried Clarias gariepinus (Pisces: Clariidae)." IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology 8, no. 7 (2014): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/2402-08713743.

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2

Sakr, Saber, Soad Hanafy, and Nabila El-Dosouky. "HISTOPATHOLOGICAL, HISTOCHEMICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL STUDIES ON THE EFFECT OF THE INSECTICIDE "HOSTATHION" ON THE LIVER OF THE CATFISH CLARIAS gariepinus." Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries 6, no. 2 (April 1, 2002): 103–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejabf.2002.1742.

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3

Esenowo, Imeh Kokoete, Akwaowo U. Nelson, Chibuisi G. Alimba, Ndifreke D. Ekpo, and Okeh C. Emmanuel. "Genotoxicity evaluation of Chlorfenapyr in exposed freshwater African catfish Clarias gariepinus using micronucleus test." Aceh Journal of Animal Science 6, no. 1 (January 28, 2021): 7–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.13170/ajas.6.1.16796.

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Chlorfenapyr is a new formulated insecticide targeted against insecticide resistant species. Its application in targeting harmful aquatic insects may potentially contaminate aquatic environment. This study is to evaluate its genotoxic effects on non-targeted aquatic biota. The study assessed the genotoxic potentials of chlorfenapyr in African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) using the micronucleus (MN) test. Juvenile stage of C. gariepinus were exposed to different concentrations; 5.00 – 15.00 mgL-1 of chlorfenapyr for 96 hours, peripheral blood was collected through the caudal vein and examined for micronucleus induction in the erythrocytes. The tested concentrations of chlorfenapyr did not elicit significant [F (5, 18) = 0.167, p 0.971] increase in MN formation and other nuclear abnormalities in the peripheral erythrocytes of C. gariepinus. The outcome of this study gives credence to the view that chlorfenapyr is not clastogenic and or aneugenic to non-targeted aquatic vertebrate with reference to fish (C. gariepinus).

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4

Olufeagba, Samuel Olabode, and Victor Tosin Okomoda. "Cannibalism and Performance Evaluation of Hybrids between Clarias batrachus and Clarias gariepinus." Croatian Journal of Fisheries 74, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 124–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cjf-2016-0019.

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AbstractCannibalism is an important characteristic of African catfish that significantly reduces the number of stocked fish at harvest. This study evaluates the effect of reciprocal hybridization of Clarias batrachus and Clarias gariepinus on cannibalism and growth performance of their progenies in an indoor rearing system. The result obtained reveals excellent performance of hybrids of C. gariepinus ♂ and C. batrachus ♀ over the purebreds in terms of growth. However, the reciprocal hybrids between C. gariepinus ♀ and C. batrachus ♂ all died few hours after hatching. Cannibalism was significantly reduced in the crosses between C. gariepinus ♂ and C. batrachus ♀ with 100% survival after five months of culture. Hence, this could be exploited in commercial production of catfish to reduce cannibalism and increase harvest size of fish farmers.

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5

Olopade, Olaniyi Alaba, Iyabode Olusola Taiwo, Comfort Opeoluwa Oluwoleand, and Justin Ayaegbunem Akankali. "Water Quality and Haematological Indices of Clarias gariepinus from Ogun River (Nigeria)." Transylvanian Review of Systematical and Ecological Research 17, no. 2 (December 1, 2015): 105–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/trser-2015-0068.

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Abstract This study was conducted to assess the effect of water quality of the Ogun River on the haematological indices of the African catfish Clarias gariepinus. Samples of water and Clarias gariepinus were collected from Ogun River (Station I, Opeji and Station II, Lafenwa) to determine and compare effects of possible differences in water quality on haematological parameters of Clarias gariepinus. The results demonstrate that higher index values were recorded at station II than Station I for almost all the physicochemical parameters and only sulphate values from Stations I and II were statistically significant (P < 0.05).

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6

Karami, A., A. Christianus, Z. Ishak, S. C. Courtenay, M. A. Syed, M. Noor Azlina, and H. Noorshinah. "Effect of triploidization on juvenile African catfish (Clarias gariepinus)." Aquaculture International 18, no. 5 (December 24, 2009): 851–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10499-009-9307-x.

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7

Defrizal, Defrizal, and Munawwar Khalil. "Pengaruh formulasi yang berbeda pada pakan pelet terhadap pertumbuhan ikan lele dumbo (Clarias gariepinus)." Acta Aquatica: Aquatic Sciences Journal 2, no. 2 (October 28, 2015): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.29103/aa.v2i2.342.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh formulasi yang berbeda pada pakan terhadap pertumbuhan ikan lele dumbo (Clarias gariepinus) yang dilaksanakan pada tanggal 22 Mei - 22 Juni 2014 di Laboratorium Hatchery dan Teknologi Budidaya Program Studi Budidaya Perairan, Reulet Aceh Utara. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode ekperimental dengan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) Non Faktorial dengan empat perlakukan dan tiga kali ulangan Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa formulasi yang berbeda pada pakan pelet memberi pengaruh yang sangat berbeda nyata terhadap konsumsi pakan harian, pertumbuhan berat maupun panjang, rasio konversi pakan, respon ikan terhadap pakan pada ikan lele dumbo (Clarias gariepinus) dimana Fhitung > Ftabel. Dari hasil uji BNT diperoleh bahwa konsumsi pakan harian, pertumbuhan, dan respon ikan terhadap pakan terbesar diperoleh pada perlakuan D, A, C dan B. Sedangkan nilai rasio konversi pakan tertinggi diperoleh pada perlakuan A, D, C dan B. Dari hasil penelitian juga diperoleh hasil bahwa pengaruh formulasi yang berbeda pada pakan pelet memberi angka kelulushidupan ikan lele dumbo (Clarias gariepinus) semua perlakuan yaitu 100%. Parameter kualitas air pada saat penelitian yaitu rata-rata suhu 26-28 0C dan pH 7,4-7,5. Nilai ini cocok dan layak untuk kehidupan ikan lele dumbo (Clarias gariepinus). Diharapkan ada penelitian lanjutan mengenai pemberian pakan pelet yang diformulasikan dari bahan yang berbeda terhadap jenis ikan lainnya.This study aimed to determine the effect of different feed formulations on the growth of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) which was held on May 22th - Juni 2014 at Laboratory of Aquaculture Hatchery and Technology Studies Program Aquaculture, Reulet North Aceh. The method used in this study was an experimental method using a completely randomized design (CRD) Non-factorial with four treatments and three replications The results showed that different formulations on feed a significantly different influence on daily feed consumption, weight and length growth, feed conversion ratio, the response of fish to feed on African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) where as Fvalue > F table. The biggest respons on daily feed intake growth added obtained from feed without addition of others alternatife. Then it was followed by feed A, C and B. While the highest feed conversion ratio values obtained in treatments A, D, C and B. From the results of the study also the result that the effect of different formulations on feed pellets give the fish survival rate of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) all treatment that is 100%. Water quality parameters at the time of the study with an average temperature of 26-28 0C and pH 7.4 to 7.5. This value is suitable and feasible for the life of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus). It is expected that no further research on feeding pellets formulated from different materials to other fish species.

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8

Adeyemi, Oyeyemi, Olalekan Adeyemi, and Chris C. Osubor. "Effect of Clarias gariepinus cultured in contaminated water on rats." Human & Experimental Toxicology 28, no. 12 (November 2, 2009): 759–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0960327109353058.

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In this study, African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) were cultured in water contaminated with phthalate, benzene and cyclohexane (10 μg/mL), respectively, over a period of 65 days. They were, thereafter, used as protein source to formulate feed for albino rats (Wistar strain) for 28 days. The weights of the body and selected tissues of the rats were monitored and standard enzyme assays were conducted for some enzymes in the serum. Results showed that rats in cyclohexane group gained 58% whereas the control group gained 46% of body weight. Liver weight (absolute and relative) of test rats were found to be significantly lower than that of control (p < .05). Enzyme activity of serum of test rats was found to be significantly higher than that of control (p < .05). Experimental evidence suggests leakage of enzymes from the liver to the serum, thus the elevated serum enzyme activity and that the contaminants may damage the liver.

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9

Ogunji, Johnny O., and Jude Awoke. "Effect of environmental regulated water temperature variations on survival, growth performance and haematology of African catfish, Clarias gariepinus." Our Nature 15, no. 1-2 (December 25, 2017): 26–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/on.v15i1-2.18791.

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A 56 day study was carried out to evaluate effect of temperature changes on survival, growth performance and haematology of Clarias gariepinus fingerlings fed housefly maggot meal (magmeal) diet. Ninety (90) Clarias gariepinus fingerlings, (initial mean weight 4.33±0.03g) were subjected to different environmental regulated temperature conditions in three locations (laboratory, outdoor, greenhouse). The observed average temperature was 26.53±0.01°C, 26.06±0.01°C and 31.52±0.00°C for laboratory, outdoor, greenhouse, respectively. Ten fingerlings stocked per experimental tank were fed in triplicates at 5% body weight in two portions per day. It was observed that different water temperatures affected fish growth. All experimental fish in the greenhouse died after 8 days of exposure. This happened around 14.00 hrs when water temperature reached 40°C. There was no significant difference (P<0.5) in final weight, weight gain, food conversion ratio and standard growth rate among the fish reared in the laboratory (26.53°C) and outside tanks (26.06°C), respectively. The initial carcass crude protein (Cp) value was 58.97%. At the end of the experiment fish reared in the laboratory had a crude protein value of 63.97±0.06% Cp and those reared outdoor (26.06°C) had 71.28±0.00% Cp. No significant difference in values of packed cell volume; white blood cell; haemoglobin and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration was found between fish reared in laboratory (26.53°C) and outside (26.06°C). However, the red blood cell (RBC); mean corpuscular haemoglobin and mean corpuscular volume showed significant difference (P>0.05). The result confirms that Clarias gariepinus fingerlings reared at a mean temperature of 26°C (within the recorded optimal temperature range for good growth) performed well. Clarias gariepinus fingerlings are not able to survive when water temperature reaches to 40oC.

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10

Porwal, Tina. "BLOOD INDICES OF AFRICAN CATFISH (CLARIAS GARIEPINUS) FOLLOWING DIETARY ADMINISTRATION OF TALINUM TRIANGULARE." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 7, no. 4 (April 30, 2019): 185–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v7.i4.2019.888.

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The effects of Talinum triangulare on the haematological indices of Clarias gariepinus was investigated. T. triangulare leaf powder at 0, 0.5, 1.0, and 3.0% concentrations were fed to Clarias gariepinus juveniles (n=84; 117.3 ± 1.57 g; 26.70 ± 0.26 cm) as feed additive for a period of six (6) weeks. The packed cell volume (PCV) and Haemoglobin (Hb) concentration values, 34.67 ± 0.67%, 12.03 ± 0.26g/dl, respectively observed in the group fed with 1.0% were significantly higher (P<0.05) compare with the control group. Red blood cell counts (RBCs), white blood cell counts (WBCs), lymphocytes, MCV, MCH and MCHC recorded were marginally different (P>0.05) among the groups, were within standard for Clarias gariepinus, therefore adjudged not to indicate a negative physiological effect on the experimental fish. Blood indices values observed revealed that the varying additive levels of T. triangulare used had no negative physiological stress on the health status of the fish studied and haematological values observed were seen to be best in the group fed 1.0% T. triangulare. It could be recommended that 10g/kg of Talinum triangulare leaf powder be included in the diet of Clarias gariepinus for boosting of the animal blood and treatment of disease conditions such as anaemia.

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11

Akinwumi, F. O., C. O. Adedire, and E. A. Fasakin. "Assessment of Some Plant-Derived Insecticides on the Organoleptic Properties of Smoked Catfish, Clarias gariepinus Burchell." Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science 2, no. 6 (October 15, 2007): 403–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/jfas.2007.403.409.

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12

Musa, Safina M., Christopher Mulanda Aura, Charles Chege Ngugi, and Rodrick Kundu. "The Effect of Three Different Feed Types on Growth Performance and Survival of African Catfish Fry (Clarias gariepinus) Reared in a Hatchery." ISRN Zoology 2012 (July 31, 2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/861364.

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African catfish Clarias gariepinus is cultured as food fish, used to control overpopulation in tilapia ponds, and is grown as baitfish for the Lake Victoria Nile Perch fishery. Since the demand for Clarias gariepinus fingerlings is high, many farmers wish to specialize in fingerling production. In this study, the performance of three dietary feed types: freshwater rotifers with Artemia nauplii, freshwater rotifers with fish meal, and freshwater rotifers with maize bran, on the growth performance of African catfish fry, were done in a hatchery and they were raised in 9 glass tanks for a period of 21 days. Pearson’s correlation showed no relationship (r=0.1; P>0.05) between growth and water quality parameters, but indicated a strong relationship between survival rate and total length between treatments (r=0.85; P=0.02). Mean total length (TL) after 21 days were (A=15.003), (B=12.964), and (C=11.90) in mm for Treatments A, B, and C, respectively. Treatment A had the highest specific growth rate (SGR) of 6.475% day 1 followed by B (5.5320% day−1) and C (4.960% day−1). Results from this study demonstrate that after the 7 days of feeding using rotifers, Artemia is the best feed for increasing growth of Clarias gariepinus.

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13

Ojutiku, R. "Toxicity and Histopathological Effect of Cypermethrin on Juveniles of Clarias gariepinus." British Journal of Applied Science & Technology 4, no. 15 (January 10, 2014): 2251–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/bjast/2014/3259.

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14

Okomoda, Victor Tosin, Lateef Oloyede Tiamiyu, and Matins Iortim. "The effect of water renewal on growth of Clarias gariepinus fingerlings." Croatian Journal of Fisheries 74, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cjf-2016-0005.

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AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine the effect of different water change frequency on the growth of African catfish Clarias gariepinus. Fingerlings with initial mean weights of 7.02 ± 0.05g were stocked (50 fish each) in fifteen concrete tanks (2×2×2m) and were conditioned under five different treatments of water renewal, namely: TRT1 (no water change), TRT2 (water renewed daily), TRT3 (water renewed after four days), TRT4 (water renewed after eight days) and TRT5 (water renewed after fourteen days). After 56 days of feeding, results revealed best growth performance of fingerlings in tanks with water renewal frequency of TRT3 and TRT4. Similarly, survival was higher in these frequencies compared to the others; the control treatment, however, had the least performance for all parameters measured. It is therefore recommended that water renewal should be done once between four and eight days to enhance growth of African catfish fingerlings reared in a static system.

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15

Ibrahim, S. S., and T. S. Imam. "Acute toxicity analysis of effluent from tannery industry in Kano metropolis." Bayero Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences 12, no. 1 (April 15, 2020): 99–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bajopas.v12i1.17s.

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The acute toxicity of tannery effluents collected from Challawa industrial estate Kano, Nigeria was assessed using Artemia salina and Clarias gariepinus. The test was done after the evaluation of range finding test before a definitive test with 3 replication of each treatment. The varying concentrations were prepared by diluting crude effluent with borehole water on V/V% in a completely randomized design. The experiment showed C. gariepinus fingerling to exhibit abnormal behavior such as initial erratic movement, skin discolouration and loss of reflex. Recorded mortality and behavioral abnormalities in both species observed were dose-time-dependent. The 96 hours LC50 estimated for C. gariepinus was 9.95% while that of A. salina after 24 hours and 48 hours were 4.63%, 0.73% respectively. Thus, the information from the study demonstrates the toxic effect of tannery effluent which requires proper management before its discharge into environment. Keywords: Acute toxicity, Artemia salina, Clarias gariepinus, Effluent, Tannery

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16

Giri, S. S., S. K. Sahoo, A. K. Sahu, and P. K. Meher. "Effect of dietary protein level on growth, survival, feed utilisation and body composition of hybrid Clarias catfish (Clarias batrachus × Clarias gariepinus)." Animal Feed Science and Technology 104, no. 1-4 (February 2003): 169–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0377-8401(02)00295-x.

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17

Popoola, O. M., and L. O. Olasoji. "Effect of N- 3, 4-Dichlorophenyl -N, N-Dimethylurea (Diuron) Herbicide to Serum Biochemistry of Clarias gariepinus." Nigerian Journal of Technological Research 16, no. 1 (March 9, 2021): 21–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njtr.v16i1.3.

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Assessing the effect of Diuron herbicide on post juvenile African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) using specific biochemical markers could provide vital information concerning the health status with regards to electrolyte determination. The fishes were subjected to different concentrations of diuron of (0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.25, and 1.5mgL-1 respectively) for 96hrs and the alterations in the serum enzymes, metabolites and ion level were determined. The lethal concentration (LC50) value of the herbicide was 1.0mg L-1 for 96h of exposure. During the experiment different behavioural changes were observed and recorded and blood samples were collected after 96hours of experiment to check for the effect of fish exposed to different concentration of diuron herbicide and the parameters observed were serum enzymes (ALT, ALP, AST and LDH). Biochemical examination was also carried out to know the changes in Total protein, glucose and cortisol level. Ion level examination was carried out to assess changes in sodium (Na+), potassium (K+) and chloride (Cl-). It was observed that there were significant differences (P˂0.05) in the serum enzymes analysis, biochemical examination and ion level examination and these parameters revealed differences with varying concentrations of diuron herbicide. Thus, diuron possesses toxicity effects on C. gariepinus Keywords: Herbicide, Clarias gariepinus, serum enzymes

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18

Boon, J. H., J. M. Smits, T. Wensing, and E. Lo. "Plasma proteins of young African catfish (Clarias gariepinus, Burchell 1822)." Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Science 35, no. 4 (November 1, 1987): 521–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/njas.v35i4.16710.

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The effect of feeding level and water supply on the total content of plasma protein (TPP) and fractions of these proteins (PPF) of young African catfish was studied. It was found that TPP can be divided into 4 fractions (PPF I-IV), of which PPF I is predominant. Analysis of the results showed a strong effect of feeding level on TPP and PPF I-IV. There was a positive correlation between TPP and the weights of PPF I-IV, and a negative correlation between PPF I and PPF II. The PPF I fraction might be usable as an indicator for the health status of young catfishes. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

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19

Adeyemo, Olanike Kudirat, Olubukola Funmilayo Akano, and Benjamin Obukowho Emikpe. "Effect of Formalin on Spawning Success and Organ Histology in Clarias gariepinus." Research Journal of Environmental Toxicology 6, no. 2 (February 1, 2012): 42–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/rjet.2012.42.50.

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20

Olufemi Julius, Olapade, and Kargbo Mariatu. "Effect of Terminalia catappa on Growth and Heamatology of Clarias gariepinus Juveniles." Journal of Aquaculture Feed Science and Nutrition 7, no. 1 (January 14, 2020): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.36478/joafsnu.2015.1.5.

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21

Adeyemo, Olanike Kudirat, Selim Adewale Alarape, and Benjamin Obukowho Emikpe. "Reprotoxic Effect of Malachite Green on African Catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell 1822)." Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science 6, no. 5 (August 15, 2011): 563–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/jfas.2011.563.570.

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22

Urbányi, B., Á. Horváth, Z. Varga, L. Horváth, I. Magyary, and F. Radics. "Effect of extenders on sperm cryopreservation of African catfish,Clarias gariepinus(Burchell)." Aquaculture Research 30, no. 2 (February 1999): 145–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2109.1999.00313.x.

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23

Hamed, Heba S., and Alaa G. M. Osman. "Modulatory effect of lycopene against carbofuran toxicity in African catfish, Clarias gariepinus." Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 43, no. 6 (July 18, 2017): 1721–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10695-017-0404-x.

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24

Van Vuren, J. H. J., Marinda Van der Merwe, and H. H. Du Preez. "The effect of copper on the blood chemistry of Clarias gariepinus (clariidae)." Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 29, no. 2 (November 1994): 187–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0147-6513(94)90019-1.

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Puspita, Elfa Verda, and Ratih Purnama Sari. "EFFECT OF DIFFERENT STOCKING DENSITY TO GROWTH RATE OF CATFISH (Clarias gariepinus, Burch) CULTURED IN BIOFLOC AND NITROBACTER MEDIA." AQUASAINS 6, no. 2 (March 17, 2018): 583. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/aqs.v6i2.p583-588.

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Catﬁsh is one of the freshwater commodities whose demand continues to increase in Indonesia. Intensive cultivation is done to meet market demand. Intensive cultivation is done by optimizing stocking density. The aim of this research was to know the effect of different density on feed productivity, growth, feed conversion ratio (FCR) and survival of catﬁsh dumbo fry (Clarias gariepinus, Burch) in bioﬂoc and nitrobacter media. This study used a completely randomized design (RAL) with 6 treatments and 3 replications. The test animalsused catﬁsh dumbo (Clarias gariepinus, Burch) with an average weight of 0,6 ± 0,1g and an average length of 4 cm. Catﬁsh dombo seeds are kept in tarpaulin ponds 2 m in diameter with water volume ± 1 m3 for 45 days and feeding 3% of biomass weight. The results showed that the different density of stockingin bioﬂoc and nitrobacter media had increase on productivity, speciﬁc growth rate, feed efﬁciency and no signiﬁcant effect on the survival of catﬁsh dumbo fry.

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Wakawa, Idi Audu, and Abubakar Chiroma. "Efficacy of Aqueous Crude Fruit Extract of Desert Date (Balanites aegyptiaca) in Anaesthetization of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) Fingerlings." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 10, no. 2 (March 15, 2020): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v10i2.3859.

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Chemicals have been used to anaesthetize fish but due to their hazardous effects on the environment, fish and humans environmentally friendly plant anaesthetics are being sought. Fruit of Desert date (Balanites aegyptiaca) is nontoxic to humans but has been reported to have anaesthetic potentials on fish. This study investigates anaesthetic effect of aqueous crude fruit extract of B. aegyptiaca on African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) fingerlings. Phytochemical and proximate compositions of the fruit were screened. Exactly 120 C. gariepinus fingerlings (mean weight 32.13±2.43g and mean total length 23.88±2.11cm) were used for the experiment. A total of 10 fingerlings were exposed to each of 2.00, 2.50, 3.00, 3.50 and 4.00g/L concentrations of aqueous crude fruit extract of B. aegyptiaca and a control in 6 plastic tanks (45x28x25cm) filled with 10L of tap water. Setup was arranged in randomized block design and replicated. Temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, free carbon dioxide and total alkalinity were monitored. Results revealed long mean induction (25.05±3.35 min) and recovery (108.35±2.45 min) times with resultant mortalities (40%) of C. gariepinus fingerlings. significant correlation (P<0.01) exists between concentration of the fruit extract and induction time as well as between fruit extract concentrations and survival of fingerlings. Aqueous crude fruit extract of B. aegyptiaca is, therefore, not effective for anaesthetization of C. gariepinus fingerlings hence should be avoided. Keywords: Anaesthetic, Balanites aegyptiaca, Clarias gariepinus

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Abbas, Wafaa Tawfik, Taghreed Borhan El-D. Ibrahim, Mamdouh Yousif Elgendy, and Mostafa Fawzy Abdel Zaher. "Effect of Curcumin on Iron Toxicity and Bacterial Infection in Catfish (Clarias gariepinus)." Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 22, no. 11 (October 15, 2019): 510–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.2019.510.517.

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Ogamba, E. N. "Effect Of Kartodim 315ec (Dimethoate) and Lambda – (Cyhalothrin) On Electrolytes of Clarias Gariepinus." IOSR Journal Of Environmental Science, Toxicology And Food Technology 5, no. 2 (2013): 01–04. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/2402-0520104.

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29

Martins, Catarina I. M., Johan W. Schrama, and Johan A. J. Verreth. "The effect of group composition on the welfare of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus)." Applied Animal Behaviour Science 97, no. 2-4 (May 2006): 323–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2005.07.003.

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Sabry, Dalia A., and Dina El-Badry. "Altered retina and cornea of Clarias gariepinus (Siluriformes: Clariidae) under the effect of bright and dim lights." Zoologia 37 (November 2, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.37.e51603.

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of constant bright light on the cornea and retina of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) and to examine whether it can change after constant exposure to dim light. Twenty-one adult individuals of C. gariepinus were divided into three groups (n = 7). The first group was maintained under normal light (NL). The second group was exposed to the intense bright light (BL) (3020 Lux) of white light lamps for seven days. The third group was exposed to dim light for seven days (DL) following the previous exposure to intense bright light for seven days. The eyes of each fish group were removed and fixed. The following aspects of the eye were investigated: histopathological, immunohistochemical (GFAP and BAX) staining and biochemical study for lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) and glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase (G6PDH). Also, isoenzyme electrophoresis of LDH, G6PDH and SOD were performed. The present study found that, seven-days BL exposure caused damage to both cornea and retina. However, after exposure to dim-light after bright light there was partial improvement in corneal and retinal structure and an increase in the assayed SOD and G6PDH levels, along with a reduction in MDA content and activity of LDH. These findings demonstrate a plasticity that may help C. gariepinus survive disturbances in the aquatic environment.

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Niass, Farokh, and Niass Gaye. "Trial of Using Blood from Slaughtered Chicken to Replace Fishmeal in the Feed of African Catfish Clarias Gariepinus." Sustainability in Environment 3, no. 4 (November 29, 2018): 393. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/se.v3n4p393.

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<p><em>The aim of the work was to reduce the cost of the food produced and to value blood from poultry. It consisted of collecting the poultry blood, turning it into flour and incorporating it into the feed intended to feed Clarias gariepinus fry. Next, an attempt was made to determine the effect of the poultry blood incorporated in the locally produced feed on the growth of Clarias gariepinus fry. To do this we substitute completely the fishmeal that was used, which is expensive with the blood</em><em> </em><em>meal that is found to be free. Thus, three lots of 100 Clarias gariepinus fry of 2.01g mean weight were placed in three fiberglass tubs. In each tub we have distributed a specific feed. For each type of food a quantity of 2.5kg was used. A daily ration of 5% of fry biomass was used throughout the study. They were fed 9 times a day. It is noted that the industrial food is better but there is no significant difference between locally made foods that based on fishmeal and that with poultry blood</em><em> </em><em>meal. So it is possible to replace fishmeal with poultry blood</em><em> </em><em>meal in locally made feeds.</em></p>

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Okomoda, Victor Tosin, Sarah Ojonogecha Musa, Lateef Oloyede Tiamiyu, Shola Gabriel Solomon, Cosmas Chidiebere Alamanjo, and Ambok Bolong Abol-Munafi. "Dietary Implications of Detoxified Jatropha curcas Kernel for Clarias gariepinus Fingerlings." Veterinary Sciences 8, no. 8 (July 30, 2021): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vetsci8080152.

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Antinutritional components must be substantially reduced to ensure better utilization of unconventional feeds in animal nutrition. Among the different methods of processing, soaking represents a simple and inexpensive alternative. This study attempted to determine the nutritional properties of socked Jatropha curcas kernel (JCK) and the effect of its dietary inclusions on Clarias gariepinus (n = 50; mean initial weight = 6.19 ± 0.52 g). Three treatments of JCK (i.e., soaking 24, 48, and 72 h) were tested alongside a control group. The result showed that soaking substantially improved proximate composition and reduced anti-nutrient compared to the control JCK. A similar trend of improved performance was observed when the treated JCK was included in diets composed of 35% crude protein; a total of 315 kcal g−1 energy and fed to C. gariepinus for 56 days. Alongside the improvement observed in growth, it was also noted that carcass protein and haematological variables were improved with the dietary administration of soaked JCK. Histological examination of the intestine and liver tissues also revealed fewer signs of histopathological degeneration in the fish, consequent upon dietary inclusion of soaked JCK (i.e., 72 h) compared to those raised on the raw JCK-included diets. It was, therefore, concluded that soaking could be a much easier method of nutritionally improving JCK for the administration to C. gariepinus.

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Nwabueze, Agatha Arimiche. "The Effect of Garlic (Allium sativum) on Growth and Haematological Parameters of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822)." Sustainable Agriculture Research 1, no. 2 (July 22, 2012): 222. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/sar.v1n2p222.

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<p>The effect of different concentrations of garlic (<em>Allium sativum</em>) supplement in fish diet on growth and haematological parameters of <em>Clarias gariepinus</em> fingerlings was investigated. Fish were separated into four experimental groups of 0% (controls), 0.5%, 1.0% and 3% concentrations of garlic in diet and fed at 3% body weight per day in a renewal static bioassay system. Garlic supplemented diet did not have any significant effect on weight gain of <em>C. gariepinus</em> when compared to fish in the control diet. However, final fish weight was significantly (P<0.05) higher than the initial fish weight in all concentrations of garlic in fish diet and in the controls. No significant (P>0.05) difference in total length was observed in fish fed different concentrations of garlic at the end of 12 weeks. An increase in total length was observed in fish with garlic supplemented diet over fish in the control diet. Fish fed different concentrations of garlic in diet showed slight differences in total length but did not significantly (P>0.05) differ from each other in total length. Fish in 0.5% garlic diet had higher weight gain and total length than fish in the rest of the treatment groups and the controls. Final white blood cell (WBC), red blood cell (RBC), packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin (Hb) were observed to be significantly (P<0.05%) higher than the initial counts in the treatment groups as compared to the controls. RBC, PCV and Hb were however, significantly higher in fish fed 0.5% garlic supplemented diets than other concentrations. Plasma protein was observed to increase significantly (P<0.05) only in fish fed 0.5% and 1.0% garlic in diet. This study has shown that 0.5% (0.5g/kg) garlic supplement in fish feeds elicited more increase in fish total length and volume of haematological parameters of <em>C.</em> <em>gariepinus.</em> Garlic inclusion in fish diet at 0.5% (0.5g/kg) concentration is<em> </em>therefore beneficial for use in aquaculture to enhance the disease resistant status of <em>C. gariepinus</em>.<em> </em></p>

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Rihi, Apriani P. "Pengaruh Pemberian Pakan Alami dan Buatan terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Kelangsungan Hidup Benih Ikan Lele Dumbo (Clarias gariepinus Burchell.) di Balai Benih Sentral Noekele Kabupaten Kupang." Bio-Edu: Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi 4, no. 2 (August 29, 2019): 59–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.32938/jbe.v4i2.387.

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Research on the effect of natural and artificial feed on the growth and survival of African catfish at the Noekele Central Seed Center in Kupang Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province. The center only uses artificial food as fish food while natural food has never been used, therefore researchers are motivated to use natural food then researchers want to see how the influence of natural food is. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of natural and artificial feeding on the growth and survival of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell) at the Noekele Central Seed Center in Kupang Regency, knowing the implementation of research results on the learning process of biology at school. The method used in this study is an experimental study using an experimental design that is Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 3 treatments, each treatment was repeated 3 times namely P0 (Control), P1 (Pellets), and P2 (Silkworms). The data analysis technique used in this study was that this study was analyzed using analysis of variance (Anova) in accordance with the Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The average subsequent treatment was tested using the Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) with a significant level of 5%. The results showed that the treatment of artificial feed (pellets) and natural feed (silk worms) showed significant differences between the treatments for growth and survival of Dumbo catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell.). The highest absolute length growth results were found in the P2 treatment of natural silk worm feed of 3.10 cm and the absolute weight of 2.68 grams of survival of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell.) Highest seeds in natural and artificial food which was 100%.

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Eno, Omini Dodeye, Ekpo Imaobong Emmanuel, and Akpabio Iniobong George. "Ichthyotoxic Effect of Draceana arborea Back and root Extract on Clarias gariepinus Post Fingerlings." Trends in Applied Sciences Research 14, no. 3 (March 1, 2019): 170–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/tasr.2019.170.177.

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Olurin, Kayode B., Godwin O. Mbaka, and Olubunmi A. Agbato. "Histopathological effect of sub-lethal concentration of aluminum phosphide (phostoxin) on Clarias gariepinus juveniles." Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 36, no. 7 (July 2016): 574–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-736x2016000700002.

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Zuraida, Ita, Sri Raharjo, Pudji Hastuti, and Retno Indrati. "Effect of Setting Condition on the Gel Properties of Surimi from Catfish (Clarias gariepinus)." Journal of Biological Sciences 18, no. 5 (June 15, 2018): 223–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/jbs.2018.223.230.

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Ayotunde, E. O., B. O. Offem, and A. F. Bekeh. "Toxicity of Carica papaya Linn: Haematological and Piscicidal Effect on Adult Catfish (Clarias gariepinus)." Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science 6, no. 3 (April 15, 2011): 291–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/jfas.2011.291.308.

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Alarape, S. A., F. Ajani, O. K. Adeyemo, and J. O. Shobiye. "Effect of Copper Sulphate on Spawning Success in African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus, Burchell 1822)." Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science 8, no. 6 (October 15, 2013): 714–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/jfas.2013.714.720.

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Olojo, E. A. A., N. A. Amusa, and P. E. Omogbethai. "Effect of Nickel on the Microflora of Gill, Gut and Skin of Clarias gariepinus." Research Journal of Applied Sciences 7, no. 6 (June 1, 2012): 322–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/rjasci.2012.322.328.

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Olufayo, M.O, Olufayo, M. O. "Effect of cassava mill effluents on the osmotic and hematology of clarias gariepinus juveniles." IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology 4, no. 3 (2013): 50–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/2402-0435055.

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Srimiati, Mia, Clara M. Kusharto, Ikeu Tanziha, and Sugeng Hari Suseno. "Effect of Different Bleaching Temperatures on the Quality of Refined Catfish (Clarias Gariepinus) Oil." Procedia Food Science 3 (2015): 223–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.profoo.2015.01.025.

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43

Buttle, L. G., R. F. Uglow, and I. G. Cowx. "The effect of emersion and handling on the nitrogen excretion rates of Clarias gariepinus." Journal of Fish Biology 49, no. 4 (October 1996): 693–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1996.tb00065.x.

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Prokešová, Markéta, Vlastimil Stejskal, Jan Matoušek, Jan Kouřil, and Etienne Baras. "Effect of light intensity on early ontogeny of African sharptooth catfish,Clarias gariepinus(Burchell)." Aquaculture Research 48, no. 1 (June 13, 2016): 347–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/are.13116.

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Ariole, Caroline Nchedo, and Gideon Chijioke Okpokwasill. "The effect of indigenous probiotics on egg hatchability and larval viability of Clarias gariepinus." Ambiente e Agua - An Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Science 7, no. 1 (April 30, 2012): 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4136/ambi-agua.712.

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Simeon, Edori. "Effect of Paraquat on Organ Indices and Heamatology in Clarias gariepinus after Chronic Exposure." British Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 3, no. 4 (January 10, 2013): 1106–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/bjpr/2013/3647.

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Ani, L. C., H. O. Nwamba, O. C. Ejilibe, and E. I. Nnamonu. "Evaluation of Lethality Effect and Morphometric Indices Alterations in Clarias gariepinus Exposed to Shapshooter." Asian Journal of Biology 7, no. 1 (January 16, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajob/2018/46104.

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El-Bouhy, Zeinab M., Rasha M. Reda, Heba H. Mahboub, and Fify N. Gomaa. "Bioremediation effect of pomegranate peel on subchronic mercury immunotoxicity on African catfish (Clarias gariepinus)." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 28, no. 2 (September 1, 2020): 2219–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-10599-1.

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Adeyemi, O., O. Oginni, C. C. Osubor, O. Adeyemi, O. B. Oloyede, A. T. Oladiji, and E. A. Adebayo. "Effect of water contaminated with phthalate, benzene and cyclohexane on Clarias gariepinus’ cellular system." Food and Chemical Toxicology 47, no. 8 (August 2009): 1941–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2009.05.016.

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See, S. F., M. Ghassem, S. Mamot, and A. S. Babji. "Effect of different pretreatments on functional properties of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) skin gelatin." Journal of Food Science and Technology 52, no. 2 (June 11, 2013): 753–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13197-013-1043-6.

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