Relevant bibliographies by topics / Class 3 integrons

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Book chapters
  4. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Class 3 integrons'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 7 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Class 3 integrons"

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Xu, Hai, Julian Davies, and Vivian Miao. "Molecular Characterization of Class 3 Integrons from Delftia spp." Journal of Bacteriology 189, no. 17 (2007): 6276–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.00348-07.

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ABSTRACT Two environmental strains, Delftia acidovorans C17 and Delftia tsuruhatensis A90, were found to carry class 3 integrons, which have seldom been reported and then only from pathogens in which they are associated with antibiotic resistance genes. The Delftia integrons comprised a highly conserved class 3 integrase gene, upstream and oppositely oriented from a set of three or four gene cassettes that encoded unidentified functions. The A90 integron had one more gene cassette than the C17 integron, but the two were otherwise the same; furthermore, they were located within regions of sequence identity in both strains and linked to chromosomal genes. A screen of other Delftia and related strains did not reveal the presence of additional class 3 integrons. The observations suggest that these integrons were horizontally transferred to Delftia as part of a larger region and reside as chromosomal elements that probably predate transposon dissemination, as has been proposed for certain class 1 integrons.
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Yang, Haifei, Yachao Pan, Lifen Hu, et al. "Antimicrobial resistance patterns and characterization of integrons in clinical isolates of Shigella from China." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 60, no. 4 (2014): 237–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjm-2013-0893.

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One hundred fifty-three Shigella isolates were examined for multiple antibiotic resistance phenotypes and prevalence of class 1 and class 2 integron sequences. The gene cassettes dfrA17-aadA5, dfrA12-orfF-aadA2, and arr-3-aacA4 were found in typical class 1 integrons. The gene cassettes blaOXA-1-aadA1 and dfrA1-sat1-aadA1 were detected in atypical class 1 integrons and in class 2 integrons, respectively. This is the first report of arr-3-aacA4 cassette detected in typical class 1 integrons among Shigella isolates. Rates of antibiotic resistance were different between integron-positive and integron-negative strains (P < 0.05), and all integron-positive isolates were resistant to at least 3 different antimicrobial agents. Typical class 1 integron-positive isolates showed higher resistance rates to cefotaxime and ciprofloxacin than did integron-negative ones (P < 0.05). Typical class 1 integrons and β-lactamase genes were found in conjugative plasmids, otherwise class 2 and atypical class 1 integrons were located on chromosome. This study demonstrated the wide distribution of class 1 integrons in Shigella spp., which may lead resistance to cefotaxime and ciprofloxacin in China.
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Ploy, Marie-Cécile, François Denis, Patrice Courvalin, and Thierry Lambert. "Molecular Characterization of Integrons inAcinetobacter baumannii: Description of a Hybrid Class 2 Integron." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 44, no. 10 (2000): 2684–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.44.10.2684-2688.2000.

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ABSTRACT Twenty Acinetobacter baumannii strains resistant to various antibiotics were analyzed for integron content and sequences of the amplification products. Sixteen clinical isolates had a class 1 integron, 2 contained an additional class 1 or class 2 integron, but no class 3 integron was detected. Thirteen strains had integrons with a single cassette: aac(3)-Ia (9 strains), ant(2")-Ia (2 strains), or aac(6′)-Ib (2 strains); 1 hadaac(6′)-Ib and oxa20cassettes and an unknown gene; and 1 had an integron containingant(2")-Ia and an oxa3cassette truncated by IS6100. The remaining strains harbored class 1 integrons with gene cassettes previously found inEnterobacteriaceae. One integron had a hybrid structure composed of intI2 and the 3′ conserved segment of class 1 integrons. These data indicate that integrons play a major role in multidrug resistance in Acinetobacter.
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Collis, Christina M., Mi-Jurng Kim, Sally R. Partridge, H. W. Stokes, and Ruth M. Hall. "Characterization of the Class 3 Integron and the Site-Specific Recombination System It Determines." Journal of Bacteriology 184, no. 11 (2002): 3017–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.184.11.3017-3026.2002.

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ABSTRACT Integrons capture gene cassettes by using a site-specific recombination mechanism. As only one class of integron and integron-determined site-specific recombination system has been studied in detail, the properties of a second class, the only known class 3 integron, were examined. The configuration of the three potentially definitive features of integrons, the intI3 gene, the adjacent attI3 recombination site, and the Pc promoter that directs transcription of the cassettes, was similar to that found in the corresponding region (5′ conserved segment) of class 1 integrons. The integron features are flanked by a copy of the terminal inverted repeat, IRi, from class 1 integrons on one side and a resolvase-encoding tniR gene on the other, suggesting that they are part of a transposable element related to Tn402 but with the integron module in the opposite orientation. The IntI3 integrase was active and able to recognize and recombine both known types of IntI-specific recombination sites, the attI3 site in the integron, and different cassette-associated 59-be (59-base element) sites. Both integration of circularized cassettes into the attI3 site and excision of integrated cassettes were also catalyzed by IntI3. The attI3 site was localized to a short region adjacent to the intI3 gene. Recombination between a 59-be and secondary sites was also catalyzed by IntI3, but at frequencies significantly lower than observed with IntI1, the class 1 integron integrase.
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Machado, Elisabete, Rafael Cantón, Fernando Baquero та ін. "Integron Content of Extended-Spectrum-β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Strains over 12 Years in a Single Hospital in Madrid, Spain". Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 49, № 5 (2005): 1823–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.49.5.1823-1829.2005.

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ABSTRACT The contribution of integrons to the dissemination of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) was analyzed on all ESBL-producing Escherichia coli isolates from 1988 to 2000 at Ramón y Cajal Hospital. We studied 133 E. coli pulsed-field gel electrophoresis types: (i) 52 ESBL-producing clinical strains (C-ESBL) (16 TEM, 9 SHV, 21 CTX-M-9, 1 CTX-M-14, and 5 CTX-M-10); (ii) 43 non-ESBL blood clinical strains (C-nESBL); and (iii) 38 non-ESBL fecal isolates from healthy volunteers (V-nESBL). Class 1 integrons were more common among C-ESBL (67%) than among C-nESBL (40%) or V-nESBL (26%) (P < 0.001) due to the high number of strains with bla CTX-M-9 , which is linked to an In6-like class 1 integron. Without this bias, class 1 integron occurrence would be similar in C-ESBL and C-nESBL groups (47% versus 40%). Occurrence of class 2 integrons was similar among clinical and community isolates (13 to 18%). No isolates contained class 3 integrons. The relatively low rate of class 1 integrons within transferable elements carrying blaTEM (23%) or blaSHV (33%) and the absence of class 2 integrons in all ESBL transconjugants mirror the assembly of translocative pieces containing blaTEM or blaSHV on local available transferable elements lacking integrons. The low diversity of class 1 integrons (seven types recovered in all groups) might indicate a wide dissemination of specific genetic elements in which they are located. In our environment, the spread of genetic elements encoding ESBL has no major impact on the dispersion of integrons, nor do integrons have a major impact on the spread of ESBL, except when blaESBL genes are within an integron platform such as bla CTX-M-9 .
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Huang, Jiangqing, Fangjun Lan, Yanfang Lu, and Bin Li. "Characterization of Integrons and Antimicrobial Resistance in Escherichia coli Sequence Type 131 Isolates." Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology 2020 (February 24, 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3826186.

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Background. Escherichia coli sequence type 131 (ST131) is an important multidrug-resistant extraintestinal pathogen, which can cause many kinds of infections. Integrons may play a crucial role in the dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes. The purpose of this study was to characterize the prevelance of integrons among E. coli ST131 strains in China. Methods. Eighty-three E. coli ST131 isolates were used in this study. The antibiotic susceptibility test was performed by the disk diffusion method. The presence and characterization of class 1, 2, and 3 integrons, as well as promotor of gene cassettes and other antimicrobial resistance genes, were detected by PCR and DNA sequencing. Transfer of integrons was carried out using a broth culture mating method. Clonal relatedness of E. coli ST131 isolates was analyzed by PFGE. Results. Overall, 26.5% (22/83) of the E. coli ST131 isolates carried class 1 integrons. Class 2 and 3 integrons were not found in this study. Two types of gene cassette arrays were demonstrated in this study and were as follows: dfrA17-aadA5 and aac(6′)-Ib-cr-cmlA5. Only one type of Pc promoter variant was detected among 22 integron-positive isolates (PcW). In vivo transfer of integron was successful for 9 of integron-positive E. coli ST131 isolates harboring resistance gene cassettes. Results of PFGE demonstrated that the integron-positive E. coli ST131 isolates were grouped into 12 different PFGE clusters. Conclusions. Our study showed a low prevalence of integrons was detected in E. coli ST131. Continued surveillance of this mobile genetic element should be performed to study the evolution of antibiotic resistance among E. coli ST131.
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NEMATI, F., and E. AHMADI. "Class1-3 integrons and antimicrobial resistance profile in Salmonella spp. isolated from broiler chicken in Western Iran." Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society 71, no. 4 (2021): 2471. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.25922.

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Salmonella spp. are major etiologies of food-borne infections that are disseminated primarily through poultry to human. Nowadays, the high rate of antimicrobial resistance and the emergence of multi-drug resistant (MDR) strains, worse the threat imposed to the public health. Integrons are attributed as important contributors to MDR isolates. The present research aimed to identify the frequency of integrons 1-3 and the antimicrobial resistance patterns in Salmonella spp. isolated from broiler chicken in Western Iran. A total of 500 fecal samples were screened for Salmonella phenotypically. The isolates were confirmed genotypically and the frequency of integrons 1-3 was evaluated molecularly among the isolates. Besides, the antimicrobial resistance of the isolates was determined through the agar disk diffusion method. In general, 67 (13.4%) isolates of Salmonella spp. were recovered phenotypically, all of which were confirmed molecularly. The incidence of class 1, 2, and 3 integrons was 40.29% (27 isolates), 28.35% (19 isolates), and 11.94% (eight isolates), respectively. Coexistence of integrons was also detected in 26.86% of the isolates including class 1+2 (13 isolates, 40.62%), class 1+3 (2 isolates, 6.25%), and class 1+2+3 (3 isolates, 9.37%). No statistical association was detected between the frequencies of Salmonella spp. or Salmonella-bearing integron isolates with age, season, and location. The most frequent antimicrobial resistance was exhibited to ampicillin, nalidixic acid, trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole, and tetracycline; while ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, and ceftazidime were the most effective drugs. 35.82% of the isolates were MDR, all of which harbored at least one class of integrons. Statistical assessment represented an association between the prevalence of integrons and tetracycline, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, and ceftazidime resistance rates. An alarming rate of integrons and MDR frequency among poultry-originated Salmonella spp. in the studied region demands the constant stewardship and prudent prescription and use of antibiotics to prevent human infections and preserve the effectiveness of those antibiotics in treating human salmonellosis.
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Corrêa, Fábio Ederson Lopes, Fabiana Gomes da Silva Dantas, Alexeia Barufatti Grisolia, Bruno do Amaral Crispim, and Kelly Mari Pires Oliveira. "Identification of class 1 and 2 integrons from clinical and environmental Salmonella isolates." Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 8, no. 12 (2014): 1518–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.4734.

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Introduction: The indiscriminate use of antimicrobials has selected for the emergence of resistant strains. Many mechanisms contribute to the spread of antimicrobial-resistant genes, and integrons play a key role in this process. The aim of this study was to describe the serotypes and resistance profiles, and to characterize the presence of integrons in Salmonella strains isolated from Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Methodology: Thirty-six isolates from different sources were used. To evaluate the resistance profiles, the determination of minimum inhibitory concentrations together with polymerase chain reaction were used to screen for the presence of class 1 and class 2 integrons. Results: The Infantis serotype of Salmonella was the most frequently isolated serotype. Minimum inhibitory concentrations showed that out of the 36 isolates, 11 (30.5%) were resistant to all the antimicrobials tested. These resistant isolates were separated into three groups: 4 clinical isolates (36.4%), 3 food isolates (36.4%), and 4 water isolates (27.2%). Class 1 integrons occurred in 31 (86.1%) isolates and were found in all 11 resistant isolates (35.5 %) and in 20 (64.5%) of the non-resistant isolates. Class 2 integrons were found in 3 (8.3%) isolates, which were all non-resistant. Conclusion: The presence of an integron did not necessarily confer resistance. Future studies will seek to identify the mechanism behind integron-mediated antimicrobial resistance.
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Correia, Mário, Filipa Boavida, Filipa Grosso, et al. "Molecular Characterization of a New Class 3 Integron in Klebsiella pneumoniae." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 47, no. 9 (2003): 2838–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.47.9.2838-2843.2003.

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ABSTRACT Klebsiella pneumoniae FFUL 22K was isolated in April 1999 from the urine of an intensive care unit patient in Portugal. The strain showed an extended-spectrum cephalosporin resistance profile. A typical synergistic effect between cefotaxime or cefepime and clavulanic acid was observed. An Escherichia coli transformant displayed a similar resistance phenotype and harbored a ca. 9.4-kb plasmid (p22K9). Cloning experiments revealed that the extended-spectrum β-lactamase was encoded by bla GES-1, previously described in class 1 integrons from K. pneumoniae ORI-1 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa Pa695. Further sequence analysis demonstrated that the bla GES-1 gene cassette was located on a new class 3 integron. The integron was 2,863 bp long and consisted of an intI3 integrase gene, an attI3 recombination site, two promoter regions, and two gene cassettes. The IntI3 integrase was 98.8% identical to that of Serratia marcescens AK9373. The bla GES-1 gene cassette was inserted at the attI3 site. The second gene cassette was the result of a fusion event between bla OXA-10-type and aac(6′)-Ib gene cassettes and conferred resistance to kanamycin. This is the second class 3 integron reported and the first time that the bla GES-1 gene cassette has been found on an integron belonging to this class, highlighting the considerable heterogeneity of their genetic environment and the spread of gene cassettes among different classes of integrons.
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Lee, Mei-Feng, Chien-Fang Peng, Hui-Jine Hsu, and Han-Siong Toh. "Use of Inverse PCR for Analysis of Class 1 Integrons Carrying an Unusual 3′ Conserved Segment Structure." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 55, no. 2 (2010): 943–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00988-10.

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ABSTRACTBy using inverse PCR and DNA sequencing, 13sul3-associated mutational integrons, 2 defective class 1 integrons, and 1qnrB2-associated complexsul1-type class 1 integrons were identified inSalmonella entericaserovar Choleraesuis,Pseudomonas aeruginosa, andEnterobacter cloacae, respectively. In addition, conjugation and Southern hybridization demonstrated that unusual class 1 integrons were located on plasmids or integrated into chromosomal DNA. Thus, an inverse PCR assay can be a valuable tool for the analysis of unusual structures of the 3′ conserved region of class 1 integrons.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Class 3 integrons"

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Simo, Tchuinte Pierrette Landrie. "Intégrons de classe 3 : aspects mécanistiques et épidémiologiques." Thesis, Limoges, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIMO0009/document.

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Les intégrons sont des supports génétiques bactériens de capture, d’expression et de dissémination de gènes de résistance aux antibiotiques sous forme de cassettes. Ils sont majoritairement décrits chez les bactéries à Gram négatif chez qui ils confèrent généralement un phénotype de multirésistance. Les intégrons de résistance (IR) jouent un rôle majeur dans l’acquisition de la résistance dans le monde bactérien. Il existe 3 principales classes d’IR ; les IR de classe 1, les IR de classe 2 et les IR de classe 3 (IR3). Contrairement aux 2 premières classes, les IR3 représentent la classe d’intégrons de résistance la moins étudiée. Très peu de travaux s’intéressent à leur étude et on dénombre actuellement moins de 10 IR3 entièrement caractérisés. Les objectifs de ce travail de thèse étaient (i) d’effectuer une étude épidémiologique des IR3 en France et au Cameroun et (ii) d’étudier les modalités d’expression de l’intégrase et des cassettes de ces intégrons. Nos travaux ont permis d’isoler puis de décrire 3 nouveaux IR3 présents au sein de bactéries environnementales appartenant aux genres Aeromonas, Acinetobacter et Citrobacter. Les cassettes de ces IR3 codent des résistances aux bétalactamines, aminosides et ammoniums quaternaires. De plus, nous avons caractérisé des IR3 dans 3 souches de Delftia spp. (2 D.acidovorans et 1 D. tsuruhatensis) isolées en Afrique ; les cassettes de ces intégrons ne codent pas de résistance aux antibiotiques. L’axe plus fondamental de ce travail de thèse a permis de montrer que le PintI3(1) est le promoteur impliqué dans l’expression du gène intI3. De plus, nous avons montré que les variants du promoteur Pc, ainsi que les variants du promoteur PintI3(1) sont fonctionnels et de force différente. Il ressort de nos travaux que l’environnement constituerait un réservoir d’intégrons de classe 3 et que ces supports génétiques pourraient jouer un rôle important dans la dissémination de la résistance au sein de cet écosystème<br>Integrons are bacterial genetic elements able to capture and express genes embedded within gene cassettes. They are widely described among Gram-negative bacteria and generally confer a multidrug resistance phenotype. Resistance integrons (RI) play an important role in the acquisition of antibiotic resistance. There are 3 main classes of RI. Class 3 RI has been poorly studied class with less than ten fully IR3 characterized. Objectives of this thesis were (i) to conduct an epidemiological study of class 3 RI in France and Cameroon and (ii) to better understand the modes of expression of the integrase and cassettes of IR3. We described 3 new class 3 RI isolated from environmental bacteria belonging to genus Aeromonas, Acinetobacter and Citrobacter. Gene cassettes encoded resistance to betalactams, aminoglycosides and quaternary ammonium compounds. We also described IR3 from three Delftia strains (2 D.acidovorans and 1 D.tsuruhatensis) in Africa containing cassettes that do not encode antibiotic resistance. The fundamental part of the work showed that the PintI3(1) promoter is involved in the expression of the intI3 gene. Furthermore, we demonstrated that variants of the Pc promoter and variants of the PintI3(1) promoter are functional with different strengths. These results showed that the environment may constitute a reservoir of class 3 integrons and that these genetic elements could play an important role in the spread of the resistance in this ecosystem
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Book chapters on the topic "Class 3 integrons"

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Álvarez, Verónica Elizabeth, María Paula Quiroga, Gabriel Alejandro Castro, Marcelo Hernán Cassini, and Daniela Centrón. "Molecular Ecology of Class 1 Integrons in Patagonia as Model System for Understanding the Rise of Antibiotic Resistance Isolates Around the World." In Biology and Biotechnology of Patagonian Microorganisms. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-42801-7_7.

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Privault, Nicolas. "Independence of a Class of Multiple Stochastic Integrals." In Seminar on Stochastic Analysis, Random Fields and Applications. Birkhäuser Basel, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8681-9_16.

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Adams, Luise, and Stefan Weinzierl. "On a Class of Feynman Integrals Evaluating to Iterated Integrals of Modular Forms." In Texts & Monographs in Symbolic Computation. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04480-0_2.

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Smith, H. V., and D. B. Hunter. "The Numerical Evaluation of a Class of Divergent Integrals." In International Series of Numerical Mathematics / Internationale Schriftenreihe zur Numerischen Mathematik / Série internationale d’Analyse numérique. Birkhäuser Basel, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-6398-8_25.

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Wang, Qiuyue, Yanying Zhang, Qiumei Shi, et al. "Detection Class I Integron of Multidrug Resistace Pathogenic Salmonella from Chicken." In Advances in Intelligent and Soft Computing. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27537-1_61.

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Major, Péter. "On the Supremum of a Nice Class of Partial Sums." In On the Estimation of Multiple Random Integrals and U-Statistics. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-37617-7_4.

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Yamamoto, Yutaka, and Jan C. Willems. "Path Integrals and Bézoutians for a Class of Infinite-Dimensional Systems." In Three Decades of Progress in Control Sciences. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-11278-2_24.

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Pedas, A., E. Tamme, and M. Vikerpuur. "Piecewise Polynomial Collocation for a Class of Fractional Integro-Differential Equations." In Integral Methods in Science and Engineering. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16727-5_39.

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Mohameden, Hammah, and Habib Ouerdiane. "Feynman Integrals for a New Class of Time-Dependent Exponentially Growing Potentials." In STEAM-H: Science, Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Mathematics & Health. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74971-6_14.

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Olech, Czelaw. "The range of integrals of a certain class of vector-valued functions." In Calculus of Variations, Classical and Modern. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-11042-9_5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Class 3 integrons"

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Miura, Naoki, Koichi Kashima, Katsumasa Miyazaki, Masakazu Hisatsune, and Kunio Hasegawa. "Ductile Fracture Behavior of Carbon Steel Cracked Pipes With Moderate-Toughness." In ASME 2002 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2002-1175.

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To achieve a rational maintenance program for aged light water reactor components, it is important to establish and to improve the flaw evaluation criteria. The current flaw evaluation criteria such as ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Section XI are focused on Class 1 piping, which usually shows relatively higher toughness. On the other hand, flaw evaluation criteria suitable for Class 2 and Class 3 piping with moderate-toughness are also required because some Class 2 and Class 3 piping systems are as important to plant risk analysis as Class 1 piping. In this study, fracture experiments by four-point bending were conducted for circumferentially cracked pipes. Tested pipes were made of moderate-toughness carbon steel, STPT410 carbon steel. Ductile fracture behavior and load-carrying capacity were compared with those from elastic-plastic fracture mechanics analysis. As a result, it was ascertained that ductile fracture behavior could be well predicted by fracture mechanics analysis using J-integrals. A Z-factor approach applicable to moderate-toughness pipes was also discussed.
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Pollalis, Christos, Olgun Hizir, Evangelos Boulougouris, and Osman Turan. "Large Amplitude Time Domain Seakeeping Simulations of KVLCC2 in Head Seas Taking Into Account Forward Speed Effect." In ASME 2019 38th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2019-95316.

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Abstract Time-domain analysis is important for the development of performance-based criteria for the intact stability of ship (level 3 criteria in the 2nd Generation Intact Stability Criteria). It can be implemented to assess directly the vulnerability of ships against various modes of intact stability failure and ensure a sufficient level of safety. In this context, ELIGMOS, a novel time domain simulation code combining a maneuvering model and a seakeeping model, is under development. As the maneuvering model has been the subject of previous paper, the seakeeping part is presented herein and validated in terms of linear and nonlinear vertical motions in head seas. Heave and pitch motions are augmented near the resonant periods, testing the ability of the numerical tool to capture accurately the ship’s behaviour, as it plays a dominant role for her direct stability assessment afterwards. Surge motion is considered uncoupled and it is excluded from the system of equations, keeping the forward speed constant. Comparison regarding the seakeeping performance of KVLCC2 is presented against experimental results and results obtained by a 3D-potential flow, frequency domain software as well. Ship’s geometry is modelled by means of quadrilateral panels whilst radiation forces were incorporated by means of memory functions by adopting the well-known concept of convolution integrals. The ability of ELIGMOS to capture the effect of geometrical nonlinearities on the vertical motions is demonstrated through preliminary simulation of large amplitude motions of a C11-class containership.
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