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Journal articles on the topic 'Class frame'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Rutten, Rosanne. "Framing Superiority and Closeness: Bridging the Class Gap in Philippine Electoral Politics." Comparative Sociology 10, no. 4 (2011): 591–613. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156913311x590646.

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AbstractContentious politics produces diverse leadership styles that may all be salient to a country’s electorate. This article explores key cultural frames that allow politicians to project both superiority and closeness to lower-class populations, hinged on different criteria of legitimacy. In the Philippine electoral arena, the established “patronage frame” is challenged by new political contenders who put forward the “oppression frame” of class politics, the “good governance” frame of liberal reformers, and the populist frame of media celebrities-turned-politicians. Given the salience of multiple frames, ordinary people may employ seemingly contradictory criteria of superiority and legitimacy and combine these effortlessly when they choose whom to vote for. This article suggests a social logic of frame diversity.

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2

Johnson, P. Sam, and G. Ramu. "Class of bounded operators associated with an atomic system." Tamkang Journal of Mathematics 46, no. 1 (March 22, 2014): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5556/j.tkjm.46.2015.1601.

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$K$-frames, more general than the ordinary frames, have been introduced by Laura G{\u{a}}vru{\c{t}}a in Hilbert spaces to study atomic systems with respect to a bounded linear operator. Using the frame operator, we find a class of bounded linear operators in which a given Bessel sequence is an atomic system for every member in the class.

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3

Craizer, M., D. A. Fonini, and E. A. B. da Silva. "Alpha-expansions: a class of frame decompositions." Applied and Computational Harmonic Analysis 13, no. 2 (September 2002): 103–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1063-5203(02)00504-3.

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4

Rybakov, Mikhail, and Dmitry Shkatov. "Recursive enumerability and elementary frame definability in predicate modal logic." Journal of Logic and Computation 30, no. 2 (December 20, 2019): 549–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/logcom/exz028.

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Abstract We investigate the relationship between recursive enumerability and elementary frame definability in first-order predicate modal logic. On one hand, it is well known that every first-order predicate modal logic complete with respect to an elementary class of Kripke frames, i.e. a class of frames definable by a classical first-order formula, is recursively enumerable. On the other, numerous examples are known of predicate modal logics, based on ‘natural’ propositional modal logics with essentially second-order Kripke semantics, that are either not recursively enumerable or Kripke incomplete. This raises the question of whether every Kripke complete, recursively enumerable predicate modal logic can be characterized by an elementary class of Kripke frames. We answer this question in the negative, by constructing a normal predicate modal logic which is Kripke complete, recursively enumerable, but not complete with respect to an elementary class of frames. We also present an example of a normal predicate modal logic that is recursively enumerable, Kripke complete, and not complete with respect to an elementary class of rooted frames, but is complete with respect to an elementary class of frames that are not rooted.

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5

Armianti, Rizka Indah, Achmad Fanany Onnilita Gaffar, and Arief Bramanto Wicaksono Putra. "Penerapan K-Means Clustering Untuk Seleksi Frame Dominan Berbasis NTSC Pada Obyek Bergerak." Jurnal Teknologi Informasi dan Ilmu Komputer 7, no. 4 (August 7, 2020): 745. http://dx.doi.org/10.25126/jtiik.2020742184.

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<p class="Abstrak">Obyek dinyatakan bergerak jika terjadi perubahan posisi dimensi disetiap <em>frame</em>. Pergerakan obyek menyebabkan obyek memiliki perbedaan bentuk pola disetiap <em>frame-</em>nya. <em>Frame</em> yang memiliki pola terbaik diantara <em>frame</em> lainnya disebut <em>frame</em> dominan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyeleksi <em>frame</em> dominan dari rangkaian <em>frame</em> dengan menerapkan metode K-means <em>clustering</em> untuk memperoleh <em>centroid</em> dominan (<em>centroid</em> dengan nilai tertinggi) yang digunakan sebagai dasar seleksi <em>frame</em> dominan. Dalam menyeleksi <em>frame</em> dominan terdapat 4 tahapan utama yaitu akuisisi data, penetapan pola obyek, ekstrasi ciri dan seleksi. Data yang digunakan berupa data video yang kemudian dilakukan proses penetapan pola obyek menggunakan operasi pengolahan citra digital, dengan hasil proses berupa pola obyek RGB yang kemudian dilakukan ekstraksi ciri berbasis NTSC dengan menggunakan metode statistik orde pertama yaitu <em>Mean</em>. Data hasil ekstraksi ciri berjumlah 93 data <em>frame</em> yang selanjutnya dikelompokkan menjadi 3 <em>cluster</em> menggunakan metode K-Means. Dari hasil <em>clustering</em>, <em>centroid</em> dominan terletak pada <em>cluster</em> 3 dengan nilai <em>centroid</em> 0.0177 dan terdiri dari 41 data <em>frame</em>. Selanjutnya diukur jarak kedekatan seluruh data <em>cluster</em> 3 terhadap <em>centroid</em>, data yang memiliki jarak terdekat dengan <em>centroid</em> itulah <em>frame</em> dominan. Hasil seleksi <em>frame</em> dominan ditunjukkan pada jarak antar <em>centroid</em> dengan anggota <em>cluster</em>, dimana dari seluruh 41 data frame tiga jarak terbaik diperoleh adalah 0.0008 dan dua jarak bernilai 0.0010 yang dimiliki oleh <em>frame</em> ke-59, ke-36 dan ke-35.</p><p class="Abstrak"> </p><p class="Abstrak"><em><strong>Abstract</strong></em></p><p class="Abstract"><em>The object is declared moving if there is a change in the position of the dimensions in each frame. The movement of an object causes the object to have different shapes in each frame. The frame that has the best pattern among other frames is called the dominant frame. This study aims to select the dominant frame from the frame set by applying the K-means clustering method to obtain the dominant centroid (the highest value centroid) which is used as the basis for the selection of dominant frames. In selecting dominant frames, there are 4 main stages, namely data acquisition, determination of object patterns, feature extraction and selection. The data used in the form of video data which is then carried out the process of determining the pattern of objects using digital image processing operations, with the results of the process in the form of an RGB object pattern which is then performed NTSC-based feature extraction using the first-order statistical method, Mean. The data from feature extraction are 93 data frames which are then grouped into 3 clusters using the K-Means method. From the results of clustering, the dominant centroid is located in cluster 3 with a centroid value of 0.0177 and consists of 41 data frames. Furthermore, the proximity of all data cluster 3 to the centroid is measured, the data having the closest distance to the centroid is the dominant frame. The results of dominant frame selection are shown in the distance between centroids and cluster members, where from all 41 data frames the three best distances obtained are 0.0008, 0.0010, and 0.0010 owned by 59th, 36th and 35th frames.</em></p><p class="Abstrak"><em><strong><br /></strong></em></p><p> </p>

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6

Suto, Koshun. "Thought Experiment Revealing a Contradiction in the Special Theory of Relativity." Applied Physics Research 8, no. 6 (November 27, 2016): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/apr.v8n6p70.

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<p class="1Body">In the thought experiment in this paper, we considered inertial frames M and A moving at a constant velocity relative to each other. A light signal emitted from inertial frame A, when time of a clock in inertial frame A was 1(s), arrived at inertial frame M when time of a clock in inertial frame M was 2(s). In this paper, the time in inertial frame A when the time in inertial frame M was 2(s) was predicted by observers in inertial frames M and A by applying the special theory of relativity (STR). Predictions of the two observers did not match. Einstein regarded all inertial frames as equivalent, but there are cases where a velocity vector is attached to some inertial frame. Einstein overlooked this fact, and thus a discrepancy appeared in the values predicted by the two observers. It is not the case that all inertial frames are equivalent. This paper concludes that the STR is a theory incorporating a contradiction which must be corrected.</p>

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Rozalia, Kicsi, and Burciu Aurel. "Inside the World – Class Multinationals: A Sectoral Frame." Studies in Business and Economics 14, no. 2 (August 1, 2019): 73–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sbe-2019-0026.

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Abstract Background. A firm, as it develops, tends to overcome local, regional, and national business environment boundaries by expanding into global economic space. The intense dynamics of internationalization, the expansion of multinational companies from emerging economies, the presence of multinational companies owned by the state are just a few of the specificities that shape the global business environment today. In the literature, these trends have become challenging topics, both open to criticism and appreciation. Aims and approach. In this study we aim to map the expansion of business in the international environment from a sectoral perspective. In this respect, using the data synthesized by UNCTAD in the World's Top 100 non-financial MNEs and Top 100 non-financial MNEs from developing and transition economies, we aggregated, for each sector, the main performance indicators (assets, sales and employment) which reflects the magnitude of the expansion of the activity of the companies included in these ranks outside the economic area of origin. Also, based on the algorithm for calculating the Transnationality Index, we have calculated an aggregate Sectoral Transnationality Index for each of the two tops. Conclusions. The analysis carried out leads to a series of conclusions regarding the dynamics and configuration of the universe of the world's most prominent multinational companies. Although this is mainly an exploratory research, we appreciate that this sectoral approach leads to a deeper level of analysis, expanding the area of knowledge in the field and, at the same time, creating a framework for new investigative perspectives.

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Christie, David. "Transport properties of a class of electromagnetic waves." Theoretical and Applied Mechanics 34, no. 2 (2007): 161–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tam0702161c.

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We demonstrate that in many cases, known frame-dependent transport equations for a propagating electromagnetic 2-form in an arbitrarily curved space-time can be replaced by a much simpler set of frame-independent equations. The frame-dependent equations can then be more easily recovered from the simpler set presented here if required. The relationship of such transport equations to the WKB approximation is also briefly discussed.

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9

Skaalvik, Sidsel, and Einar M. Skaalvik. "Frames of Reference for Self-Evaluation of Ability in Mathematics." Psychological Reports 94, no. 2 (April 2004): 619–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.94.2.619-632.

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Measures of eight frame-specific self-evaluations of ability in mathematics were used to predict general mathematics self-concept and self-efficacy. Participants were 900 Norwegian students in Grade 6 ( n = 277), Grade 9 ( n = 236), Grade 11 ( n = 263), and adult students attending senior high school ( n = 124). Four items measured frame-specific self-evaluation of achievement based on external frames of reference whereas four items measured frame-specific self-evaluation based on internal frames of reference. Regression analyses were used to test relations between the frame-specific self-evaluations and general mathematics self-concept and self-efficacy. The analyses indicated that self-evaluation based on comparison with other students in class (an external frame of reference) and on comparison of mathematics achievement with achievement in other school subjects (an internal frame of reference) were robust predictors of both mathematics self-concept and self-efficacy. The analyses also indicated that students are using multiple frames of reference when evaluating their mathematics ability. Implications of the result for the internal-external frame of reference model are discussed.

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Atindehou, A. Ganiou D., Yebeni B. Kouagou, and Kasso A. Okoudjou. "Frame sets for a class of compactly supported continuous functions." Asian-European Journal of Mathematics 13, no. 05 (April 4, 2019): 2050093. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s179355712050093x.

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The frame set of a function [Formula: see text] is the subset of all parameters [Formula: see text] for which the time-frequency shifts of [Formula: see text] along [Formula: see text] form a Gabor frame for [Formula: see text] In this paper, we investigate the frame set of a class of compactly supported continuous functions which includes the [Formula: see text]-splines. In particular, we add some new points to the frame sets of these functions. In the process, we generalize and unify some recent results on the frame sets for this class of functions.

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11

Zhou, Beihai. "Grafted frames and S1 -completeness." Journal of Symbolic Logic 64, no. 3 (September 1999): 1324–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2586633.

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AbstractA grafted frame is a new kind of frame which combines a modal frame and some relevance frames. A grafted model consists of a grafted frame and a truth-value assignment. In this paper, the grafted frame and the grafted model are constructed and used to show the completeness of S1. The implications of S1-completeness are discussed.A grafted frame does not combine two kinds of frames simply by putting relations defined in the components together. That is, the resulting grafted frame is not in the form of <W,R,R′>, or more generally, in the form of <W, R, R′,R″>,…>, which consists of a non-empty set with several relations defined on it.1 Rather, it resembles the construction of fibering proposed by D. M. Gabbay and M. Finger (see [4] and [3]). On a grafted frame, some modal worlds, which belong to the initial modal frame, are attached by some relevance frames.However, these two semantics have important differences. Consider the combined semantics involving semantics of relevance logic and modal logic. A fibred model and a grafted model proposed in this paper differ in the following respects. First, a fibred model is constructed from a class of modal models and a class of relevance models. A grafted model consists of a grafted frame and a truth-value assignment, where the grafted frame is constructed from a modal frame and some relevance frames, and the assignment is a union of a modal truth-value assignment VM and some relevance truth-value assignments VR. VM (VR) defined in this paper is not the same as the assignment contained in a modal (relevance) model. Second, in a fibred model each relevance world is associated (or fibred) with a modal model and each modal world with a relevance model.2 To be the grafted frame on which a grafted model is based, it is enough to have some modal worlds attached by some relevance frames. Moreover, no relevance world is associated with a modal frame in the grafted frame. Third, fibred models are intended to provide an appropriate semantics to combined logics. Grafted frames and grafted models are inspired to characterize S1, which, containing only one modality □, is not a combined logic. It is shown in this paper that S1 is sort of a meta-logic of the intersection of S0.4 and F, where S0.4, a new system proposed in this paper, is in turn a meta-logic of the relevance logic.

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Leng, Jinsong, Qixun Guo, and Tingzhu Huang. "The Duals of Fusion Frames for Experimental Data Transmission Coding of High Energy Physics." Advances in High Energy Physics 2013 (2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/837129.

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The experimental data transmission is an important part of high energy physics experiment. In this paper, we connect fusion frames with the experimental data transmission implement of high energy physics. And we research the utilization of fusion frames for data transmission coding which can enhance the transmission efficiency, robust against erasures, and so forth. For this application, we first characterize a class of alternate fusion frames which are duals of a given fusion frame in a Hilbert space. Then, we obtain the matrix representation of the fusion frame operator of a given fusion frame system in a finite-dimensional Hilbert space. By using the matrix representation, we provide an algorithm for constructing the dual fusion frame system with its local dual frames which can be used as data transmission coder in the high energy physics experiments. Finally, we present a simulation example of data coding to show the practicability and validity of our results.

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Pilipović, Stevan, and Diana T. Stoeva. "Localization of Fréchet Frames and Expansion of Generalized Functions." Bulletin of the Malaysian Mathematical Sciences Society 44, no. 5 (February 23, 2021): 2919–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40840-020-01070-y.

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AbstractMatrix-type operators with the off-diagonal decay of polynomial or sub-exponential types are revisited with weaker assumptions concerning row or column estimates, still giving the continuity results for the frame type operators. Such results are extended from Banach to Fréchet spaces. Moreover, the localization of Fréchet frames is used for the frame expansions of tempered distributions and a class of Beurling ultradistributions.

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Hong, Chan-Sook. "Class Theory vs. Individualization Theory?: Change of Inequality Frame from Class Structure to Citizenship." Korean Journal of Sociology 48, no. 2 (April 30, 2014): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.21562/kjs.2014.04.48.2.107.

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Fu, Tong. "The Possibility to Link Radio and Optical Reference Frames With Artificial Satellites." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 141 (1990): 194. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900086794.

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Based on extragalactic radio sources, a new high precision extragalactic radio reference frame can be established from radio interferometric measurements. To link the optical fundamental reference frame presently represented by the FK4/5 to the extragalactic radio frame, the optical counterparts of extragalactic radio sources (quasars, BL Lac objects etc.) and radio stars are the most important classes of objects. Besides these two classes of objects, are there any other objects which can be used to link the optical and radio frames? A posible answer is that artificial satellites could be a candidate class of objects contributing to this subject.

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Lee, Pilhyeon, Youngjung Uh, and Hyeran Byun. "Background Suppression Network for Weakly-Supervised Temporal Action Localization." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 34, no. 07 (April 3, 2020): 11320–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v34i07.6793.

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Weakly-supervised temporal action localization is a very challenging problem because frame-wise labels are not given in the training stage while the only hint is video-level labels: whether each video contains action frames of interest. Previous methods aggregate frame-level class scores to produce video-level prediction and learn from video-level action labels. This formulation does not fully model the problem in that background frames are forced to be misclassified as action classes to predict video-level labels accurately. In this paper, we design Background Suppression Network (BaS-Net) which introduces an auxiliary class for background and has a two-branch weight-sharing architecture with an asymmetrical training strategy. This enables BaS-Net to suppress activations from background frames to improve localization performance. Extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of BaS-Net and its superiority over the state-of-the-art methods on the most popular benchmarks – THUMOS'14 and ActivityNet. Our code and the trained model are available at https://github.com/Pilhyeon/BaSNet-pytorch.

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Cobb, Jessica S. "Inequality Frames: How Teachers Inhabit Color-blind Ideology." Sociology of Education 90, no. 4 (October 2017): 315–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0038040717739612.

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This paper examines how public school teachers take up, modify, or resist the dominant ideology of color-blind racism. This examination is based on in-depth interviews with 60 teachers at three segregated schools: one was race/class privileged and two were disadvantaged. Inductive coding revealed that teachers at each school articulated a shared frame to talk about race and class: “legitimated advantage” at Heritage High School, “trickle-down dysfunction” at Bunker High School, and “antiracist dignity” at Solidarity High School. Each represents an inequality frame: a local meaning system that mediates the dominant race/class ideology, arising from teachers’ shared experiences of inequality in the school-as-workplace. The frames I observed responded to three organizational conditions that affected teachers’ experiences of inequality: school demographics, material resources, and professional culture. Variations in these conditions across schools provided opportunity spaces for teachers to either accept race/class domination as common sense or to critique it.

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Lewis-Jones, Huw. "Freeze Frame: historic polar images." Polar Record 43, no. 4 (October 2007): 366–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247407006924.

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ABSTRACTSince the development of photography in the mid-nineteenth century, exploration has created iconic images of the polar regions. A new two-year research project, entitled Freeze Frame, using the world-class collections at the Scott Polar Research Institute, University of Cambridge, will bring this remarkable visual culture forward for new audiences.

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Rossouw, Martin P. "Left-right dynamics of staging and composition in Class 15." Short Film Studies 9, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 101–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/sfs.9.1.101_1.

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The climax of Class 15 features a reverse cut that displaces the teacher from his fixed position on frame left to frame right. The functions of this decisive shift are examined, following Rudolf Arnheim and others, in light of conventional associations attached to the left- and right-hand sides of pictures.

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Stanger, Camilla. "Bodies in a Frame: Black British, Working Class, Teenage Femininity and the Role of the Dance Class." Sociological Research Online 18, no. 2 (May 2013): 204–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5153/sro.3041.

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Historically the working class, black, female body has been defined by its sexuality and socially constructed as an object for heterosexual consumption; this article is concerned with how this manifests itself for young British women in educational settings today. I will argue that this historical bodily construction has been compounded for young women in this context by a contemporary popular culture which frames, glamorises and hetero-sexualises black female bodies. Drawing on the work of Judith Butler and Michel Foucault, I will suggest that girls who perform a Black British, working-class femininity play a central role in their own construction as hetero-sexualised and consequently passive bodies, through an internalisation of and performance for a heterosexual ‘gaze’ within various spaces of the urban, post-16 college. This article ultimately focuses, however, on the potential for resistance. Based on research conducted into the experiences of four dance students at an inner London post-16 college, I will explore the dance class as a potential space for resisting the debilitating heterosexual gaze enacted within the public spaces of the college. I will argue that the dance class can be a space where the student can reconstruct and reproduce her own body in a way that grants it agency, rather than objectifying it within a metaphorical frame.

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Wang, Yan Ping, Hui Sheng, Xiao Ling Wang, and Xin Bo Zhang. "Anti-Collision Algorithm Analysis of ALOHA-Based RFID." Applied Mechanics and Materials 273 (January 2013): 745–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.273.745.

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RFID multi-tag identification process of the conflict on the basis of summing up the ALOHA class algorithm put forward an improved dynamic framed slotted ALOHA algorithm. Firstly, this paper uses the improved tag estimation algorithm to estimate the number of tags. Secondly, tag number is determined according to the length of the frame. Finally, tags are divided into several groups when the number of tags greater than the maximum frame length. The simulation results show that the efficiency of the algorithm has been improved obviously.

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Kutscher, Gloria, and Regine Bendl. "Class identity work: How apprentices make sense of and frame a positive class self-identity." Academy of Management Proceedings 2017, no. 1 (August 2017): 10635. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2017.10635abstract.

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Nurlia, Putri, Sri Ramadhona, and Sinta Dwi Devita. "Using Story Frame Approach to Increase Students’ Reading Comprehension at Senior High School." JL3T ( Journal of Linguistics Literature and Language Teaching) 6, no. 2 (January 28, 2021): 139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.32505/jl3t.v6i2.2259.

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Using the Story Structure Approach to Increase Students. Reading Comprehension at the tenth grade of SMAN 2 Kejuruan Muda. This research was conducted on the Story Frame technique to improve students' awareness of reading. It was done in the Senior High School. This research used a quantitative approach with an experimental class and a control class needed. As the sample, there were 28 students in each experimental and control classes. Test and observation were used in the data collection technique. Then the result of the test will score by using analytic score and the researchers used "t-test" formula to calculated the data by comparing students' pre-test and post-test. This study found that students reading post-test score in experimental class using story frame strategy had a higher score of 76,67 higher than the student control class and a score post-test of 67,62, based on the formula, the difference in control class learning without Story Frame strategy. In addition, the Story Frame technique has made their reading comprehension more important. Based on these results, it concluded that the Story Frame technique could increase students' reading comprehension. Thus the hyphothesis was approved by the research method.

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Boykov, Vasiliy Mihaylovich, Sergey Viktorovich Startsev, and Aleksey Vladimirovich Ageev. "The results of experimental studies of arable unit MTZ-82+PBS-3M." Agrarian Scientific Journal, no. 5 (May 28, 2019): 73–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/asj.y2019i5pp73-77.

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It is given the description of the design and specifications developed in Saratov State Agrarian University plow-blade grader of general purpose PBS-3M aggregated with tractors of traction class 1.4. In the result of experimental researches of the arable unit consisting of the MTZ-82 tractor and the plow PBS-3M on a stubble background of the field with soil of low humidity and high hardness operational and technological indicators of the unit on the main dump processing of the soil are defined. Studies were conducted in three ways: plough PBS-3M fitted with three frames, fitted with two frames, with removed front frame; fitted with two frames, removed the rear frame. The graphical dependences of the plow traction resistance and the unit performance on the speed of MTZ-82+PBS-3M are presented.

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Dickey, J. O., P. B. Esposito, J. F. Lestrade, R. P. Linfield, W. G. Melbourne, X. X. Newhall, A. E. Niell, et al. "Reference Frame Studies at JPL/Caltech." Highlights of Astronomy 7 (1986): 93–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1539299600006274.

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In recent years, a revolution in astronomical position measurements has been taking place with the advent of modern space techniques. These new techniques, which supplement the traditional astrometric measurements, include laser ranging to the moon and artificial satellites, very-long-baseline interferometry (VLBI) of galactic and extra-galactic radio sources and spacecraft, radio tracking of satellites, and radar-ranging and spacecraft tracking during planetary encounters. Impressive accuracies have been achieved and further improvements are forthcoming. Each technique can be expected to establish its own reference frame which is derived from observations of a particular class of objects. The celestial and terrestrial coordinate systems are related through adopted constants and definitions. Contemporary astronomy has led to the development of three principal celestial coordinate systems: the optical frame (FK4/FK5) based on positions of galactic stars; the planetary/lunar ephemeris frame based on the major celestial bodies of the solar system; and the radio frame constructed from observations of extragalactic radio sources (quasars). Each frame is rotated with respect to others; furthermore, the optical frame offset is time variable. It is important that all frames be interconnected and unified. The optical frame is being connected to the radio frame by VLBI observations of radio emitting stars. The radio frame is being tied to the ephemeris frame in several ways – one is via differential VLBI measurements between quasars and planet-orbiting spacecraft.

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Rajkumar, K. C. "Experimental Investigation on Double Skin Composite Tubular Column." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VI (June 14, 2021): 755–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.35079.

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RCC and steel frames have been the most common frame systems for long times whereas composite frame system has also emerged as popular system for high rise buildings for few decades. Multi-storey composite frames are generally composed of structural steel members made composite with concrete. The use of Double-Skin Tubular columns in building construction has seen renaissance in recent years due to their numerous advantages, apart from its superior structural performance making a typical composite frame structure. Fiber reinforced polymers (FRPs), a relatively new class of non-corrosive, high-strength, lightweight material, have over the past approximately 15 years emerged as practical materials for a number of structural engineering applications. FRP has become one of the most popular methods in the repair and rehabilitation of concrete infrastructure due to its ease of application and the special physical characteristics. This paper focus to determine the compressive strength of columns in different type of specimens under Axial load.

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Treuhaft, R. N., and S. T. Lowe. "The Definition and Stability of Local Inertial Reference Frames." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 141 (1990): 253–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900086903.

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Inertial reference frames spanning approximately 10°-30° square on the sky and capable of locating objects to few-hundred microarcsecond accuracies are useful for a broad class of astrometric measurements. Deep space tracking and general relativistic angular deflection experiments are examples of astrometric measurements which can profitably reference the positions and/or motions of objects to a field of radio sources in a local frame. A method for defining local inertial reference frames has been developed based on Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) measurements of extragalactic radio sources. By observing the radio emission from the object to be located in the frame, as well as that from about five radio sources which define the frame, dominant systematic astrometric errors can be minimized through parameter estimation. The entire reference frame measurement is of the order of 30 minutes including all the sources in a frame. The limiting error for single-epoch position determination in a local frame is the unknown structure of both target and reference objects. Structure can cause systematic milliarcsecond-level errors. The limiting error for epoch-to-epoch differential position measurements is tropospheric fluctuations, assuming that the radio source structures do not change from one epoch to the next. Preliminary results of an epoch-to-epoch measurement of relativistic gravitational deflection by Jupiter, in which the total deflection was about 600 microarcseconds, suggest that the local reference frame is stable at the 240-microarcsecond level over twelve days. Data have been taken at longer time intervals to determine the annual stability of the frames. At the time of preparation of these proceedings, those data have not yet been analyzed.

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28

Huber, Nicholas. "MONEY AS FRAME." Nordic Journal of Aesthetics 29, no. 60 (November 22, 2020): 158–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/nja.v29i60.122846.

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This essay responds to “Money as Art: The Form, the Material, and Capital” by the Marxist economist Costas Lapavitsas with refer-ence to the triple manifestation of crisis in the United States dur-ing the spring months of 2020. By triangulating the role of money in the COVID-19 pandemic, the ensuing mass unemployment, and the historical nationwide revolt in response to the police mur-der of George Floyd predicated on a counterfeit twenty-dollar bill, Nicholas Huber makes a three-part claim. First, that acceptance of the Marxist theory of fetishism forecloses the possibility of conceiv-ing of capitalist money as art in the sense developed by Lapavitsas, insofar as the latter tends toward transhistorical concepts of both art and money. Following from this, any aesthetic function of mon-ey in the capitalist mode of production is inseparable from its total social function; that is, capitalist money is at once an economic, political, cultural, and aesthetic mediation unlike any other. Finally, Huber draws on Louis Marin’s typology of the frame in correspond-ence with Erik Olin Wright’s integrated class analytic framework to argue that the question of whether money is art or not leads us to a dead end. Huber suggests that a crisis such as the one unfolding in 2020 raises instead the more challenging question of what social system must come into being, such that a theory of capitalist money as art becomes intelligible.

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29

Zhang, Xujie, Zongtian Liu, Tao Liao, and Xianchuan Wang. "Concept Algebra and Frame-based Representation for Event and Event Class." Information Technology Journal 13, no. 6 (March 1, 2014): 1086–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/itj.2014.1086.1093.

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30

Sy, B. K., and J. R. Deller. "A frame architecture for a certain class of graph search problems." IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics 18, no. 5 (1988): 815–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/21.21608.

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31

Kim, Jin-Young, and Sung-Bae Cho. "One-class Adversarial Learning Method for Frame-level Video Anomaly Detection." KIISE Transactions on Computing Practices 26, no. 8 (August 31, 2020): 362–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5626/ktcp.2020.26.8.362.

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32

Richardson, L. R., and R. A. McPhee. "Fire-resistance and Sound-transmission-class Ratings for Wood-frame Walls." Fire and Materials 20, no. 3 (May 1996): 123–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-1018(199605)20:3<123::aid-fam564>3.0.co;2-7.

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Richardson, L. R., R. A. McPhee, and M. Batista. "Sound-transmission-class and fire-resistance ratings for wood-frame floors." Fire and Materials 24, no. 1 (January 2000): 17–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-1018(200001/02)24:1<17::aid-fam694>3.0.co;2-z.

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34

Anthias, Floya. "Hierarchies of social location, class and intersectionality: Towards a translocational frame." International Sociology 28, no. 1 (November 28, 2012): 121–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0268580912463155.

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35

Doubrov, Boris, and Igor Zelenko. "A canonical frame for nonholonomic rank two distributions of maximal class." Comptes Rendus Mathematique 342, no. 8 (April 2006): 589–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.crma.2006.02.010.

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36

Berger, Christoph T., Jonathan M. Carlson, Chanson J. Brumme, Kari L. Hartman, Zabrina L. Brumme, Leah M. Henry, Pamela C. Rosato, et al. "Viral adaptation to immune selection pressure by HLA class I–restricted CTL responses targeting epitopes in HIV frameshift sequences." Journal of Experimental Medicine 207, no. 1 (January 11, 2010): 61–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.20091808.

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CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL)–mediated immune responses to HIV contribute to viral control in vivo. Epitopes encoded by alternative reading frame (ARF) peptides may be targeted by CTLs as well, but their frequency and in vivo relevance are unknown. Using host genetic (human leukocyte antigen [HLA]) and plasma viral sequence information from 765 HIV-infected subjects, we identified 64 statistically significant (q < 0.2) associations between specific HLA alleles and sequence polymorphisms in alternate reading frames of gag, pol, and nef that did not affect the regular frame protein sequence. Peptides spanning the top 20 HLA-associated imprints were used to test for ex vivo immune responses in 85 HIV-infected subjects and showed responses to 10 of these ARF peptides. The most frequent response recognized an HLA-A*03–restricted +2 frame–encoded epitope containing a unique A*03-associated polymorphism at position 6. Epitope-specific CTLs efficiently inhibited viral replication in vitro when viruses containing the wild-type sequence but not the observed polymorphism were tested. Mutating alternative internal start codons abrogated the CTL-mediated inhibition of viral replication. These data indicate that responses to ARF-encoded HIV epitopes are induced during natural infection, can contribute to viral control in vivo, and drive viral evolution on a population level.

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AMRANI, OFER, AMIR AVERBUCH, TAMIR COHEN, and VALERY A. ZHELUDEV. "SYMMETRIC INTERPOLATORY FRAMELETS AND THEIR ERASURE RECOVERY PROPERTIES." International Journal of Wavelets, Multiresolution and Information Processing 05, no. 04 (July 2007): 541–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219691307001896.

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A new class of wavelet-type frames in signal space that uses (anti)symmetric waveforms is presented. The construction employs interpolatory filters with rational transfer functions. These filters have linear phase. They are amenable either to fast cascading or parallel recursive implementation. Robust error recovery algorithms are developed by utilizing the redundancy inherent in frame expansions. Experimental results recover images when (as much as) 60% of the expansion coefficients are either lost or corrupted. The proposed approach inflates the size of the image through framelet expansion and multilevel decomposition thus providing redundant representation of the image. Finally, the frame-based error recovery algorithm is compared with a classical coding approach.

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Alizadeh Moghaddam, Nastaran, and Mohammad Janfada. "Frame-cyclic operators and their properties." Infinite Dimensional Analysis, Quantum Probability and Related Topics 24, no. 01 (March 2021): 2150009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219025721500090.

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Motivated by frame-vector for a unitary system, we study a class of cyclic operators on a separable Hilbert space which is called frame-cyclic operators. The orbit of such an operator on some vector, namely frame-cyclic vector, is a frame. Some properties of these operators on finite- and infinite-dimensional Hilbert spaces and their relations with cyclic and hypercyclic operators are established. A lower and upper bound for the norm of a self-adjoint frame-cyclic operator is obtained. Also, construction of the set of frame-cyclic vectors is considered. Finally, we deal with Kato’s approximation of frame-cyclic operators and discuss their frame-cyclic properties.

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Zhang, Qiang, Shao-Pei Yu, Dong-Sheng Zhou, and Xiao-Peng Wei. "An Efficient Method of Key-Frame Extraction Based on a Cluster Algorithm." Journal of Human Kinetics 39, no. 1 (December 1, 2013): 5–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/hukin-2013-0063.

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Abstract This paper proposes a novel method of key-frame extraction for use with motion capture data. This method is based on an unsupervised cluster algorithm. First, the motion sequence is clustered into two classes by the similarity distance of the adjacent frames so that the thresholds needed in the next step can be determined adaptively. Second, a dynamic cluster algorithm called ISODATA is used to cluster all the frames and the frames nearest to the center of each class are automatically extracted as key-frames of the sequence. Unlike many other clustering techniques, the present improved cluster algorithm can automatically address different motion types without any need for specified parameters from users. The proposed method is capable of summarizing motion capture data reliably and efficiently. The present work also provides a meaningful comparison between the results of the proposed key-frame extraction technique and other previous methods. These results are evaluated in terms of metrics that measure reconstructed motion and the mean absolute error value, which are derived from the reconstructed data and the original data.

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Boone, Simon, Sarah Thys, Piet Van Avermaet, and Mieke Van Houtte. "Class composition as a frame of reference for teachers? The influence of class context on teacher recommendations." British Educational Research Journal 44, no. 2 (February 25, 2018): 274–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/berj.3328.

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41

Chen, Ai Ping, and Rong Ting Diao. "Fuzzy Reliability Evaluation of RC Rigid-Frame Arch Bridge in Service." Applied Mechanics and Materials 204-208 (October 2012): 1999–2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.204-208.1999.

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According to the basic principles and methods of the fuzzy reliability assessment to the existing bridge, RC rigid-frame arch bridge with Fuzzy reliability evaluation of a judgment factor sets of class I and class Ⅱare identified in this paper, aiming at the existing disease in this kind of bridge. Then, the fuzzy reliability comprehensive evaluation model of RC rigid-frame arch bridge is established. Meantime, the paper raises the membership function of each evaluation index; uses Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to determine the weight vector of each factor. At last, a reliable practical analytical method for the evaluation of the existing RC rigid-frame arch bridge’s bearing capacity is obtained.

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42

Bullock, Timothy N. J., Anthony E. Patterson, Laura L. Franlin, Evangelia Notidis, and Laurence C. Eisenlohr. "Initiation Codon Scanthrough versus Termination Codon Readthrough Demonstrates Strong Potential for Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I–restricted Cryptic Epitope Expression." Journal of Experimental Medicine 186, no. 7 (October 6, 1997): 1051–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.186.7.1051.

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Accumulating evidence shows that the repertoire of major histocompatibility complex class I–restricted epitopes extends beyond conventional translation reading frames. Previously, we reported that scanthrough translation, where the initiating AUG of a primary open reading frame is bypassed, is most likely to account for the presentation of cryptic epitopes from alternative reading frames within the influenza A PR/8/34 nucleoprotein gene. Here, we confirm and extend these findings using an epitope cassette construct that features two well-defined CD8+ T cell (TCD8+) epitopes in alternative reading frames, each preceded by a single start codon. Expression of one epitope depends on scanning of the ribosome over the first AUG with translation initiation occurring at the second AUG. We find that scanthrough translation has great potency in our system, with its impact being modulated, as predicted, by the base composition surrounding the first initiation codon, the number of start codons preceding the point of alternate reading frame initiation, and the efficiency with which the epitope itself is generated. Additionally, we investigated the efficiency of eukaryotic translation termination codons, to assess codon readthrough as a mechanism for cryptic epitope expression from 3′ untranslated regions. In contrast with initiation codons, eukaryotic stop codons appear to be highly efficient at preventing expression of epitopes encoded in 3′ untranslated regions, suggesting that 3′ untranslated regions are not a common source of cryptic epitope substrate. We conclude that scanthrough is a powerful mechanism for the expression of epitopes encoded in upstream alternative open reading frames that may contribute significantly to TCD8+ responses and to tolerance induction.

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43

YANG, SHOUZHI, and YANMEI XUE. "CONSTRUCTION OF COMPACTLY SUPPORTED CONJUGATE SYMMETRIC COMPLEX TIGHT WAVELET FRAMES." International Journal of Wavelets, Multiresolution and Information Processing 08, no. 06 (November 2010): 861–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219691310003857.

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Two algorithms for constructing a class of compactly supported complex tight wavelet frames with conjugate symmetry are provided. Firstly, based on a given complex refinable function ϕ, an explicit formula for constructing complex tight wavelet frames is presented. If the given complex refinable function ϕ is compactly supported conjugate symmetric, then we prove that there exists a compactly supported conjugate symmetric/anti-symmetric complex tight wavelet frame Ψ = {ψ1, ψ2, ψ3} associated with ϕ. Secondly, under the conditions that both the low-pass filters and high-pass filters are unknown, we give a parametric formula for constructing a class of smooth conjugate symmetric/anti-symmetric complex tight wavelet frames. Free parameters in the algorithm are explicitly identified, and can be used to optimize the result with respect to other criteria. Finally, two examples are given to illustrate how to use our method to construct conjugate symmetric complex tight wavelet frames.

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44

Cruaud, Caroline. "The playful frame: gamification in a French-as-a-foreign-language class." Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching 12, no. 4 (August 2, 2016): 330–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17501229.2016.1213268.

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45

DeVos, Matt, Daryl Funk, and Irene Pivotto. "On excluded minors of connectivity 2 for the class of frame matroids." European Journal of Combinatorics 61 (March 2017): 167–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejc.2016.11.001.

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46

Ramalho, Franklin, Jacques Robin, and Ulrich Schiel. "Concurrent Transaction Frame Logic Formal Semantics for UML Activity and Class Diagrams." Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science 95 (May 2004): 83–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.entcs.2004.04.007.

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47

Alonso‐Alvarez, Benigno, and Luis Antonio Pérez‐González. "Equivalence class analysis of responding consistent with the relational frame of opposition." Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior 116, no. 1 (April 29, 2021): 64–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jeab.690.

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48

Cooky, Cheryl, Faye L. Wachs, Michael Messner, and Shari L. Dworkin. "It’s Not About the Game: Don Imus, Race, Class, Gender and Sexuality in Contemporary Media." Sociology of Sport Journal 27, no. 2 (June 2010): 139–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ssj.27.2.139.

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Using intersectionality and hegemony theory, we critically analyze mainstream print news media’s response to Don Imus’ exchange on the 2007 NCAA women’s basketball championship game. Content and textual analysis reveals the following media frames: “invisibility and silence”; “controlling images versus women’s self-definitions”; and, “outside the frame: social issues in sport and society.” The paper situates these media frames within a broader societal context wherein 1) women’s sports are silenced, trivialized and sexualized, 2) media representations of African-American women in the U. S. have historically reproduced racism and sexism, and 3) race and class relations differentially shape dominant understandings of African-American women’s participation in sport. We conclude that news media reproduced monolithic understandings of social inequality, which lacked insight into the intersecting nature of oppression for women, both in sport and in the United States.

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49

Blackburn, Patrick, and Maarten Marx. "Constructive interpolation in hybrid logic." Journal of Symbolic Logic 68, no. 2 (June 2003): 463–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2178/jsl/1052669059.

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AbstractCraig's interpolation lemma (if φ → ψ is valid, then φ → θ and θ → ψ are valid, for θ a formula constructed using only primitive symbols which occur both in φ and ψ) fails for many propositional and first order modal logics. The interpolation property is often regarded as a sign of well-matched syntax and semantics. Hybrid logicians claim that modal logic is missing important syntactic machinery, namely tools for referring to worlds, and that adding such machinery solves many technical problems. The paper presents strong evidence for this claim by defining interpolation algorithms for both propositional and first order hybrid logic. These algorithms produce interpolants for the hybrid logic of every elementary class of frames satisfying the property that a frame is in the class if and only if all its point-generated subframes are in the class. In addition, on the class of all frames, the basic algorithm is conservative: on purely modal input it computes interpolants in which the hybrid syntactic machinery does not occur.

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50

Besansky, N. J. "A retrotransposable element from the mosquito Anopheles gambiae ." Molecular and Cellular Biology 10, no. 3 (March 1990): 863–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.10.3.863.

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A family of middle repetitive elements from the African malaria vector Anopheles gambiae is described. Approximately 100 copies of the element, designated T1Ag, are dispersed in the genome. Full-length elements are 4.6 kilobase pairs in length, but truncation of the 5' end is common. Nucleotide sequences of one full-length, two 5'-truncated, and two 5' ends of T1Ag elements were determined and aligned to define a consensus sequence. Sequence analysis revealed two long, overlapping open reading frames followed by a polyadenylation signal, AATAAA, and a tail consisting of tandem repetitions of the motif TGAAA. No direct or inverted long terminal repeats (LTRs) were detected. The first open reading frame, 442 amino acids in length, includes a domain resembling that of nucleic acid-binding proteins. The second open reading frame, 975 amino acids long, resembles the reverse transcriptases of a category of retrotransposable elements without LTRs, variously termed class II retrotransposons, class III elements or non-LTR retrotransposons. Similarity at the sequence and structural levels places T1Ag in this category.

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