Relevant bibliographies by topics / Class II Division 2

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Class II Division 2'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Class II Division 2"

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Hershcopf, Steven A. "Class II, Division 2 malocclusion—Nonextraction." American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics 97, no. 5 (May 1990): 374–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0889-5406(90)70109-p.

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Dhakal, Jyoti. "Comparative Dentoskeletal Study of Class II Division 1 and Class II Division 2 Malocclusion Subjects." Orthodontic Journal of Nepal 1, no. 1 (November 1, 2011): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ojn.v1i1.9365.

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The dentoskeletal characteristics of Class II malocclusion subjects were evaluated using cephalometric radiograph and dental cast of 60 untreated patients. The sample included 30 Class II Division 1 and 30 Class II Division 2 malocclusion patients. The inter-canine, inter-premolar, inter-molar, inter-canine alveolar, inter-premolar alveolar, inter-molar alveolar widths are measured on study models. The result showed statistically significant difference between the groups for mandibular inter-canine width only. The cephalometric analysis revealed that SNB angle was responsible for the skeletal sagittal difference between the two groups except for the position of maxillary incisors. No basic difference in dentoskeletal morphology existed between Class II Division 1 and Class II Division 2 malocclusions.
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Gurstein, Kenneth. "Comments on Class II, Division 2 malocclusion." American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics 98, no. 6 (December 1990): 18A—19A. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0889-5406(08)80054-6.

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Krey, Karl-Friedrich, and Karl-Heinz Dannhauer. "Class II division 2 adult orthodontic treatment." international journal of stomatology & occlusion medicine 5, no. 4 (August 31, 2012): 177–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12548-012-0059-2.

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Al-Khateeb, Emad A. A., and Susan N. Al-Khateeb. "Anteroposterior and Vertical Components of Class II division 1 and division 2 Malocclusion." Angle Orthodontist 79, no. 5 (September 1, 2009): 859–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/062208-325.1.

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Abstract Objective: To describe and analyze the skeletal and dental characteristics associated with Class II division 1 (Class II/1) and Class II division 2 (Class II/2) malocclusions in the anteroposterior and vertical dimensions. Materials and Methods: A total of 551 lateral cephalograms were used; 293 films of Class II/1 and 258 films of Class II/2 malocclusions. Lateral cephalographs were traced and analyzed. Parameters for both malocclusions were compared with each other and with the norms calculated for the Jordanian population in another study. Results: The maxilla was prognathic in both malocclusions. The mandible was retrognathic in Class II/1 and orthognathic in Class II/2. Vertically, LAFH was significantly reduced in patients with Class II/2 compared with subjects with Class II/1 who exhibited a significantly increased LAFH. In Class II/1, the lower incisors were proclined and the interincisal angle was reduced, while in Class II/2 the lower incisors were at a normal inclination and the interincisal angle was significantly increased. Conclusions: Class II/2 may be considered as a separate entity which differs in almost all skeletal and dental features from Class I and Class II/1. A Class II skeletal pattern and reduced interincisal angle were common features of Class II/1 malocclusion, while a Class II skeletal pattern, increased interincisal angle, and skeletal deep bite were common features of Class II/2 malocclusion.
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Hernández-Orsini, Roberto, and Juan Silva-Coll. "Contemporary Class II Division 2 nonextraction adult treatment." American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics 153, no. 4 (April 2018): 568–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajodo.2016.12.031.

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Peck, Sheldon, and Todd M. Walkow. "Class II Division 2 arch widths: Authors’ response." American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics 123, no. 6 (June 2003): A17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0889-5406(03)00385-8.

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Uzuner, Fatma Deniz, Belma Işık Aslan, and Müfide Dinçer. "Dentoskeletal morphology in adults with Class I, Class II Division 1, or Class II Division 2 malocclusion with increased overbite." American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics 156, no. 2 (August 2019): 248–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajodo.2019.03.006.

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von Bremen, Julia, and Hans Pancherz. "Efficiency of class II division 1 and class II division 2 treatment in relation to different treatment approaches." Seminars in Orthodontics 9, no. 1 (March 2003): 87–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/sodo.2003.34028.

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Locks, Arno. "Angle Class II, division 2 malocclusion with pronounced overbite." Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics 17, no. 6 (December 2012): 160–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s2176-94512012000600028.

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Angle Class II, division 2, malocclusion is characterized by a Class II molar relation associated with retroclined or vertical positioning of the upper incisors and in general an overbite. This clinical case was presented to the Brazilian Board of Orthodontics and Facial Orthopedics (BBO) as part of the requirements for becoming a BBO Diplomate .
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Class II Division 2"

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Bauer, Thomas J. "Maxillary central incisor crown-root relationships in Class I normal occlusions and Class II division 2 malocclusions." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2014. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/4572.

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Introduction: The purposes of this study were several. The first was to establish a mean value for the crown-to-root angle, or collum angle (CA), for maxillary central incisors in Class I normal occlusions. The second was to create a new crown-to-root angle based on anatomic points, the labial crown-root angle (LCRA), and correlate it with the CA for Class I normal occlusions and Class II division 2 malocclusions. Third, torque values were measured for maxillary central incisors using these anatomic points, and mean values were calculated for Class I normal occlusions and Class II division 2 malocclusions. Finally, mean values for CA and LCRA were analyzed for Class I normal occlusions and Class II division 2 malocclusions to detect differences between the two groups. Methods: 51 Class I normal samples and 42 Class II division 2 samples who met the inclusion criteria were studied cephalometrically. Relevant landmarks were placed, analyzed for reliability, and recorded for the measurements of interest. Results: The mean CA for Class I normal occlusions was not statistically different from zero (p= .0657). A strong increasing correlation between CA and LCRA was found for all samples (Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.88, p < .0001). Mean torque values for Class I normal occlusions and Class II division 2 malocclusions were statistically different (3.95±10.85 degrees vs. 12.54±5.82 degrees, p < .0001). The mean CA for Class I normal occlusions and Class II division 2 malocclusions were statistically different (4.29±5.77 degrees vs. 1.78±3.94 degrees, p = .0178). The mean LCRA for Class I normal occlusions and Class II division 2 malocclusions were statistically different (31.60±4.24 degrees vs. 34.84±5.95 degrees, p = .00037). Conclusions: The mean CA in Class I normal occlusions is not statistically different from zero degrees. The LCRA is strongly correlated with the CA in both Class I normal occlusions and Class II division 2 malocclusions. The mean maxillary central incisor torque values for Class I normal occlusions is similar to that found in bracket prescriptions currently offered. Patients with Class II division 2 malocclusion exhibit statistically higher mean CA and LCRA values than patients with Class I ideal occlusion.
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Pereira, Pedro Mariano. "Diferentes formas de manifestação da retroinclinação incisiva na Classe II Divisão 2 – Estudo epidemiológico, genético e morfológico." Doctoral thesis, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária da Universidade do Porto, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/6285.

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Tisnado, Florián Carlos Ignacio. "Maloclusión clase II división 2 de Angle." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2011. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/15174.

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Manifiesta que la moloclusión Clase II de Angle, es un grupo pequeño, pero en crecimiento de las anormalidades dentofaciales, que muestra una evidencia genética en su origen. Estudios recientes sobre herencia, estiman que un 10 a 15% de los pacientes de ortodoncia, poseen anormalidades determinadas genéticamente que resultan en maloclusión. Estos genes muchas veces actúan en combinación, presentando hipodoncia, infraoclusión, caninos desplazados, transposiciones, discrepancia esquelética Clase III, sobremordida II/2. (14).
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Tolentino, Solís Freddy Antonio. "Tratamiento de una maloclusión clase II división 2 y reabsorción radicular con técnica Meaw." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2015. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/13719.

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Presenta el tratamiento de una maloclusión clase II división 2 y reabsorción radicular con técnica MEAW. Describe los procedimientos y complicaciones presentados durante el tratamiento y los cambios faciales posteriores.
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Borja, Sihuinta Fadiath Talitha. "Tratamiento ortodóntico de una maloclusión de clase II división 2 subdivisión derecha sin extracciones." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/9148.

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Reporta el tratamiento ortodóncico de una maloclusión de Clase II división 2 subdivisión derecha sin extracción de un paciente adulto. Para realizar un buen diagnóstico, es necesario una historia médicoestomatológica completa, con estudios auxiliares (fotografías, modelos de estudios articulados y radiografías). La planificación del tratamiento estará determinada por el análisis clínico-estomatológico para seleccionar el mejor protocolo de tratamiento y evaluando la repercusión en los tejidos blandos. El tratamiento sin extracciones debe ser considerado como una alternativa de tratamiento dependiendo de las características clínicas iniciales del paciente.
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AraÃjo, Maria Walderez Andrade de. "Effectiveness of Thurow modified in orthopedic treatment of Class II division 1." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2013. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=10085.

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The treatment of Class II division 1 by jaw upper disorder is a controversial subject in the literature. This study aims to evaluate, through the PAR Index (Peer Assessment Rating), orthopedic treatment of Class II malocclusion division 1 in 15 patients of both sexes who have made growing use of the appliance Thurow modified. This study consisted of a retrospective longitudinal clinical study with no control group. The average age of patients at the start of treatment was 9.3 years for females and 9.4 years for males. The PAR index was obtained from pre and post treatment of each patient. An improvement of 31% or more was considered effective treatment. After descriptive analysis, it was observed that the initial average PAR index of 33 was reduced to 18.5 at the end of treatment, featuring an improved occlusion averaged 43.9%. The treatment was effective in 86.7% of patients, no statistical difference was observed in relation to sex and age at start of treatment (p> 0.05). It was also found that the apparatus provided significant changes in overjet correction (p <0.05). From this study it can be concluded that the orthopedic treatment of Class II division 1 with modified Thurow appliance in growing patients presented a viable alternative, and we observed an improvement of occlusal relationships primarily with respect to overjet and molar relationship towards anteroposterior.
O tratamento da Classe II divisÃo 1 por alteraÃÃo maxilar à um assunto controverso na literatura. Este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar, por meio do Ãndice PAR (Peer Assessment Rating), o tratamento ortopÃdico da mà oclusÃo de Classe II divisÃo 1 em 15 pacientes, de ambos os sexos e em fase de crescimento, que fizeram o uso do aparelho Thurow modificado. Esta pesquisa consistiu de um estudo clÃnico longitudinal retrospectivo, sem grupo controle. A idade mÃdia dos pacientes no inÃcio do tratamento foi de 9,3 anos para o sexo feminino e 9,4 anos para o sexo masculino. O Ãndice PAR foi obtido dos modelos prà e pÃs-tratamento de cada um dos pacientes. Uma melhora de 31% ou mais foi considerada como tratamento efetivo. ApÃs a realizaÃÃo da anÃlise descritiva, observou-se que o Ãndice PAR inicial mÃdio de 33 foi reduzido para 18,5 ao final do tratamento, caracterizando uma melhora da oclusÃo em mÃdia de 43,9%. O tratamento foi efetivo em 86,7% dos pacientes, nÃo sendo observada diferenÃa estatÃstica em relaÃÃo ao sexo e à idade de inÃcio do tratamento (p>0,05). Verificou-se tambÃm que o aparelho proporcionou mudanÃas significativas na correÃÃo do overjet (p<0,05). A partir deste trabalho, pode-se concluir que o tratamento ortopÃdico da Classe II divisÃo 1 com o aparelho Thurow modificado em pacientes em crescimento apresentou-se uma alternativa viÃvel, sendo observada uma melhora das relaÃÃes oclusais, principalmente em relaÃÃo ao overjet e à relaÃÃo molar no sentido anteroposterior.
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Burton, Rano. "An investigation into the treatment effects of three orthodontic appliance prescriptions for the correction of Class II division 1 malocclusions." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq23239.pdf.

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Hume, Clifford Robert. "Regulation of HLA class II expression in class II negative mutant B-cell lines /." Access full-text from WCMC, 1989. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=745028251&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=8424&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Daniels, Sheila Meghnot. "Comparison of surgical and non-surgical orthodontic treatment approaches on occlusal and cephalometric outcomes in patients with severe Class II division I malocclusions." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2017. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/5449.

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This study aimed to examine end-of-treatment outcomes of severe Class II Division I malocclusion patients treated with surgical or non-surgical approaches. This study tests the hypotheses that occlusal outcomes (ABO-OGS) at end of treatment will be similar while cephalometric outcomes will differ between these groups. A total of 60 patients were included: 20 of which underwent surgical correction and 40 of which did not. The end of treatment ABO-OGS and cephalometric outcomes were compared by Mann-Whitney U tests and multivariable linear regression models. Following adjustment for multiple confounders (age, gender, complexity of case, and skeletal patterns), the final deband score (ABO-OGS) was similar for both groups (23.8 for surgical group versus 22.5 for non-surgical group). Those treated surgically had a significantly larger reduction in ANB angle, 3.4 degrees reduction versus 1.5 degrees reduction in the non-surgical group (p=0.002). The surgical group also showed increased maxillary incisor proclination (p=0.001) compared to candidates treated non-surgically. This might be attributed to retroclination of incisors during treatment selection in the non-surgical group – namely, extraction of premolars to mask the discrepancy. Studies such as this are necessary because they begin to give practitioners view of not only the outcomes of a single treatment plan, but a comprehensive approach by providing evidence of the over-arching treatment used for successful treatment in both groups.
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杜熹 and Xi Du. "Skeletal, dental and muscular effects in class II division 1 malocclusion treated by Herbst appliance." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31238439.

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Books on the topic "Class II Division 2"

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Orthodontic management of uncrowded class II division 1 malocclusion in children. Edinburgh: Mosby Elsevier, 2006.

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Freeman, Bruce Victor. A comparison of post-retention mandibular incisor irregularity in treated class II division I malocclusions versus untreated class I "normals". [Toronto: s.n.], 1993.

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No cheese after dinner: With the 51st Highland Division : from Normandy to Poland and back via hell 1940-1945. Stockport: The Author, 2004.

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Sons of the Reich: II SS Panzer Corps, Normandy, Arnhem, Ardennes, Eastern Front. Barnsley: Pen & Sword Military, 2009.

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Institute Of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. IEEE recommended practice for auxiliary devices for motors in Class I, Groups A, B, C, and D, Division 2 locations. New York, NY, USA: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 1991.

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Nipe, George M. Decision in the Ukraine, summer 1943: II. SS and III. Panzerkorps. Winnipeg, Man., Canada: J.J. Fedorowicz Pub., 1996.

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Gender at work: The dynamics of job segregation by sex during World War II. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1987.

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Minerals, Metals and Materials Society. Meeting. Friction stir welding and processing II: Proceedings of symposium sponsored by the Shaping and Forming Committee of the Materials Processing & Manufacturing Division (MPMD) of TMS (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society : 2003 TMS Annual Meeting, San Diego, California, March 2-6, 2003. Warrendale, PA: TMS (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society), 2003.

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Tom, Badgett, ed. Official Sega Genesis and Game Gear strategies, 2ND Edition. Toronto: Bantam Books, 1991.

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Sandler, Corey. Official Sega Genesis and Game Gear strategies, 3RD Edition. New York: Bantam Books, 1992.

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Book chapters on the topic "Class II Division 2"

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Gill, Daljit S., and Farhad B. Naini. "Class II Division 2 Malocclusion." In Orthodontics: Principles and Practice, 166–73. West Sussex, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd,., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118785041.ch17.

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Gill, Daljit S., and Farhad B. Naini. "Class II Division 1 Malocclusion." In Orthodontics: Principles and Practice, 159–65. West Sussex, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd,., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118785041.ch16.

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Sers, Christine. "Class II Tumor Suppressor Genes." In Encyclopedia of Cancer, 1–4. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27841-9_1201-2.

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Faltin, Kurt. "The Treatment of Class II, Division 1 Malocclusion in Stages." In Clinical Cases in Early Orthodontic Treatment, 105–33. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46251-6_7.

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Griffith, Irwin J., and Laurie H. Glimcher. "Structural and Functional Analysis of Murine Class II Molecules." In H-2 Antigens, 245–53. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-0764-9_24.

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Hauptfeld, Vera, Denise Faustman, Reiji Terasaka, Paul E. Lacy, and Donald C. Shreffler. "Genetic Control of Interaction Between Class I and Class II Antigens in Murine Islet Rejection." In H-2 Antigens, 429–34. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-0764-9_42.

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Shinohara, Nobukata. "The Origin of Lyt-2+ Class II Specific Allogeneic CTL." In H-2 Antigens, 523–30. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-0764-9_52.

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Wakeland, Edward K., Roy W. Tarnuzzer, Cheng-Chan Lu, Wayne Potts, Richard A. McIndoe, William S. Talbot, and Thomas J. McConnell. "The Evolution of MHC Class II Genes within the Genus Mus." In H-2 Antigens, 139–53. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-0764-9_14.

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Lang, Gabrielle, Philippe Gerber, Jan Bohme, Beatrice Durand, Jorg Fehling, Marianne Le Meur, Corinne Marfing, Christophe Benoist, and Diane Mathis. "Transgenic Mice: New Systems for Studying the Function of MHC Class II Molecules." In H-2 Antigens, 267–73. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-0764-9_26.

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Schook, Lawrence B., Jeffrey K. Pullen, Mihael J. Myers, Elizabeth P. Eustis-Turf, and Xiu-Mei Wang. "Regulation of MHC Class II and Interleukin-1 Gene Expression in Differentiating Macrophages." In H-2 Antigens, 283–96. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-0764-9_28.

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Conference papers on the topic "Class II Division 2"

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McKillop, Suzanne, Jie Wen, Robert Keating, and Timothy M. Adams. "Technical Basis for Conversion of Non-Mandatory Appendix F of Section III of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code to a Mandatory Appendix: Part II — Associated Code Book Updates." In ASME 2017 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2017-65400.

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In 1974, the Level D Service Limits for Section III, Division 1, Class 1 components were published in Non-Mandatory Appendix F titled “Rules for Evaluation of Service Loading with Level D Service Limits”. Over the past 40 years, the scope of the Appendix F has been expanded to be applicable to certain Class 1, Class 2 and Class 3 components and supports in Division 1 as well as in Division 3 and Division 5. With each addition, the organization and implementation of the rules in Appendix F became more cumbersome for the user and consistency between the Appendix and the Code Books1 was not maintained. At the same time, the use of these rules has evolved to the point where the non-Mandatory Appendix is essential the default for Level D Service Limits. Starting in the 2017 Code edition, the component design rules will reference Mandatory Appendix XXVII when Design by Analysis is used to determine Level D Service Limits. In particular, the component design rules, or rules specific to design of components and not Design by Analysis, were removed from Appendix XXVII and placed in the appropriate Code Book. This approach resulted in noteworthy updates to the support rules in Subsection NF, the core support rules in Subsection NG, the valve rules in NB-3500, and the piping rules in NB/NC/ND-3600. The detailed approach used to incorporate the component design rules into each Code Book are presented in this paper.
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Takahashi, Yukio, Shigeru Tado, Kazunori Kitamura, Masataka Nakahira, Junji Ohmori, and Yuji Nakasone. "JSME Construction Standard for Superconducting Magnet of Fusion Facility “Procedure for Structural Design”." In ASME 2009 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2009-77991.

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Superconducting magnets are structures which have an important role in Tokamak-type fusion reactor plants. They are huge and complicated structures exposed to very low temperature, 4K and the methods for keeping their integrity need to be newly developed. To maintain their structural integrity during the plant operation, a procedure for structural design was developed as a part of JSME Construction Standard for Superconducting Magnet. General structures and requirements of this procedure basically follow those of class 1 and class 2 components in light water reactor plants as specified in Section III, Division 1 of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, and include the evaluation of primary stress, secondary stress and fatigue damage. However, various new aspects have been incorporated considering the features of superconducting magnet structures. They can be summarized as follows: (i) A new procedure to determine allowable stress intensity value was employed to take advantage of the excellent property of newly developed austenitic stainless steels. (ii) Allowable stress system was simplified considering that only austenitic stainless steels and a nickel-based alloy are planned to be used. (iii) A design fatigue curve at 4K was developed for austenitic stainless steels. (iv) In addition to the conventional fatigue assessment based on design fatigue curves, guidelines for fatigue assessment based on crack growth prediction were added as a non-mandatory appendix to provide a tool of assurance for welded joints which are difficult to evaluate nondestructively during the service.
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Bozek, A., K. Martin, and M. Cole. "Cellular Phones in Class I, Division 2/Zone 2 Hazardous Locations." In Record of Conference Paper Industry Applications Society 53rd Annual Petroleum and Chemical Industry Conference. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pcicon.2006.359688.

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Langbein, Falko, Robert Mergen, and Leopold Harreither. "A New Design for Cross-Head Bearings for High-Performance Tier II 2-Stroke Engines." In ASME 2012 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2012-92067.

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The technology drivers for slow speed large bore engines can be summarized as follows: restrictive emission regulations, improvements in reliability, new ship designs and decreasing life cycle costs (fuel efficiency, first cost, maintenance cost). The industry mindset and development experience is traditionally driven by reliability and fuel consumption. The upcoming emission reduction calls for a focus shift and new development processes for the engine builders. The emission reduction increment is substantial and the time is short. Therefore the industry needs fast technology awareness, acceptance and implementation. The new 2-stroke engine generations are subject to continuous performance improvements driven by new and demanding operating conditions. Higher firing pressures are required and result in higher bearing loads and larger bearing sizes. In particular for the cross-head bearing the bearing width will exceeding 400mm. Thus traditional bearing designs no longer meet the requirements. Bearing manufacturers must consequently go to the limits of feasibility. When looking at the performance criteria of bearings for the application in 2-stroke engines, properties like emergency running capabilities, embedability and to certain extend the fatigue properties are vital to the performance of these engines. To meet these demanding requirements a new and extremely robust cross-head bearing design based on tri-metal configuration Steel – Aluminium-Tin 40 - Synthec® for the MAN Diesel & Turbo SE Tier II engine platforms has been developed and successfully tested. The new design is called “Patch-Work-Bearing” and is currently used for long stroke engines with a minimum bore diameter of 400mm. So far, the prefab material for steel backed aluminium based bearings is produced via well-established roll-bonding processes. If it comes to cross-head bearings for the new engine generations with a characteristic bearing diameter to bearing width ratio of approximately 1:1 ordinary processes cannot be used. The process window is already fully exploited with respect to the rolling-mills capability (width and rolling force). Currently in order to produce the needed prefab material a so called explosion bonding process is used, at which the formation of multi-layer materials is based on kinetic blasting energy [1]. Parts with a size of several square meters can be product. Anyway this technology is exceptionally expensive as high safety measures are mandatory and ordinary production facilities are insufficient. It is a single piece production process with many variable process parameters and therefore a stable and high quality level is difficult to achieve. In particular the bonding strength and bonding quality relies on a constant forming process. This paper will focus on a new method to produce prefab material for the production of extra wide cross head-bearings which is not based on the explosion bonding process. The paper gives an insight in the new design of the cross-head bearing and the advantages resulting from that.
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5

McBride, W. E., R. Ellis, and C. Wylie. "Testing for Application of Motors on ASDs in Class 1, Division 2 Locations." In Record of Conference Paper Industry Applications Society 53rd Annual Petroleum and Chemical Industry Conference. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pcicon.2006.359717.

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6

Avrithi, Kleio. "Consideration of Hydraulic Loads in the Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) of Class 2 and 3 Nuclear Pipes." In ASME 2010 Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2010-25743.

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Recently, work was done to develop Load and Resistance Factor Design equations for Class 2 and 3 straight nuclear pipes for loads that cause primary stress. Unlike the Allowable Stress Design (ASD) method, used traditionally in the ASME B&PV Code, the Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) method results in a known reliability index or probability of failure, Pf, for the piping. LRFD may provide other benefits for the design of piping too, such as design consistency with other industries (ACI, AISC, etc.) and sections of the ASME B&PV Code (e.g., Section XI), facilitation of risk analysis of piping systems, and elimination of unnecessary conservatisms. This paper presents the format of the LRFD equations and load combinations that address mechanical (hydraulic) loading, result of sudden valve closure for Service Levels B, and C or Loss-Of-Coolant Accident (LOCA) for Service Level D for straight pipes. Sample partial safety factors are provided for different values of piping reliability. Results address both carbon and stainless steel material for piping and operation temperature up to 600°F.
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Kaplan-Lefko, Paula, Karen Rex, Yihong Zhang, Yajing Yang, Hue Kha, Beth Ziegler, Jodi Moriguchi, et al. "Abstract 3558: In vitro and in vivo profiling of class I and class II ATP-competitive c-Met kinase inhibitors defines potential c-Met-specific sensitivity biomarkers." In Proceedings: AACR 102nd Annual Meeting 2011‐‐ Apr 2‐6, 2011; Orlando, FL. American Association for Cancer Research, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2011-3558.

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Mostafa, Ahmed, Dianne Codner, Christa Lewis, Kensuke Hirasawa, Sherri Christian, Viktor Steimle, and Sheila Drover. "Abstract 804: Class II transactivator (CIITA) transcription is reduced by the ER-E2signaling pathway in breast cancer cells." In Proceedings: AACR 102nd Annual Meeting 2011‐‐ Apr 2‐6, 2011; Orlando, FL. American Association for Cancer Research, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2011-804.

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9

Barkley, Nathan. "A General Comparison of the Design Margins and Design Rules for ASME Section VIII, Divisions 1 and 2." In ASME 2018 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2018-84974.

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Beginning with the 2017 Edition of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, vessels designed according to the rules of Section VIII, Division 2 shall be designated as either Class 1 or Class 2. One of the key differences between Class 1 and Class 2 is the applicable Design Margin of 3.0 and 2.4 against the Ultimate Tensile Strength of the material, respectively. Vessels designed in accordance to Section VIII, Division 1 have a Design Margin of 3.5 against the Ultimate Tensile Strength of the material. Code Case 2695 allows the vessel designer to utilize the design rules of Section VIII, Division 2 for a Section VIII, Division 1 vessel while maintaining the tensile strength Design Margin of 3.5. However, Design Margins against the Ultimate Tensile Strength of the material are not the only applicable margins that must be considered. This paper reviews the procedure for deriving the allowable stresses of materials under tensile loading based on the required Design Margins for each Division and Class with some historical background provided. Discussion and comparisons of some of the relevant differences between the design rules of Section VIII, Division 1 and 2 and how the differing Design Margins affect the component design is presented. Carbon Steel with joint efficiencies of 1.0 are used for simplicity.
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Zhao, Mingxin. "Coupled Creep Fatigue Analysis on 2-1/4 Cr-1Mo-V Pressure Components Per Code Case 2605." In ASME 2010 Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2010-25711.

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Vanadium modified or 2 1/4Cr-1Mo-V materials, including SA-182 F22V, SA-336 F22V, SA-541 Type D Class 4a, and SA-832 Grade 22V, are commonly used in pressure vessels or reactors with operating temperatures in the creep range and under cyclic loading conditions. The expected equipment service life due to fatigue will be affected by accumulated creep damage, which may no longer be ignored at higher operating temperatures. Coupled fatigue and creep damages become a crucial factor in evaluating pressure components’ service conditions. ASME B&PV Code Case 2605 outlined a procedure and acceptance criteria for conducting such analysis. This study reviews the background information on fatigue evaluation in the creep range, and presents a fatigue analysis coupled with creep damage on a reactor nozzle structure using finite element method as an example and practical application of the code case. Detailed implementations, analysis results, and recommendations are demonstrated and discussed.
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