Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Classe de fonctions'
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Rasoamanana, Jean-Marc. "Etude résurgente d'une classe d'équations différentielles de type Schrödinger." Angers, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ANGE0008.
Full textRoton, Anne-Gwénaëlle de. "Généralisation du critère de Beurling-Nyman à la classe de Selberg." Bordeaux 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BOR12768.
Full textAMROUN, ABDELHAMID. "Systemes dynamiques perturbes sur une classe de fonctions zeta dynamiques." Paris 6, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA066245.
Full textConsalvi, Laurence. "Stimuli risibles et fonctions du rire en classe de français langue étrangère." Besançon, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BESA1014.
Full textThis study is about the importance and the function of laughter in teaching/learning of French as a foreign language. Laughter is more than a simple sound : it has many roles and functions in communication, emotion and relationships in conversation. The main object of this research is about laughter and laughing based on the analysis of two principal groups. The concerned public are divided in two groups : teenagers studying French in Rome and Asian intermediate level students of French at the Centre de Linguistique Appliquée in Besançon. This research is based on the analysis of quantitative and qualitative data. The results showed that besides the differences inherent in each group of students, the causes and functions of laughter have many common characteristics
Abouda, Abdallah. "Estimation L1 au bord de l'équation δ et zéros des fonctions de la classe de Nevanlinna dans un domaine plat de C2." Bordeaux 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989BOR10573.
Full textGENDRE, LAURENT. "INEGALITES DE MARKOV SINGULIERES ET APPROXIMATION DES FONCTIONS HOLOMORPHES DE LA CLASSE M." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00010810.
Full textGendre, Laurent. "Inégalités de Markov singulières et approximation des fonctions holomorphes de la classe M." Toulouse 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU30033.
Full textIn the first part, we prove that all the singular algebraic curves of Rn admit Markov tangential inequalities. We give a geometric signification of the Markov exponent. We prove that this exponent is less or equal to the multiplicity of the singularity of the complexify curve in Cn. We construct a Puiseux parameterisation on the real singularity and we extended it to a nowhere dense open subset of C. Therefore, we obtain the property HCP of the Green function with pole at infinity by geodesic metric in the complexify curve. In the second part, we prove a Bernstein type theorem for the functions of intermediate classes between holomorphic functions and C¥ functions on subclasses of s-H convex compact subsets of Cn. To prove this result, we give representative kernel on s-H convex compact for functions of A¥(K). We approach this kernel by an other kernel type Henkin-Ramirez. We propose a new geometric property of Green function with pole at infinity and we give some examples
Zarhouni, Abdelaziz. "Résolution numérique de problèmes d'optimisation relatifs à une certaine classe de fonctions quasidifférentiables." 63-Aubière : Impr. U.E.R. Sci, 1985. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb361103890.
Full textCelet, Jean-Christophe. "Résonances linéaires et non-linéaires des lasers de classe B." Lille 1, 1997. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1997/50376-1997-11.pdf.
Full textKamyabi, Mask Aflatoun. "Achats d’articles Classe C : le cas ALSTOM : Externalisation partielle des fonctions Achats-Approvisionnement-Logistique." Thesis, Pau, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PAUU2012/document.
Full textThis research is devoted to the outsourcing of Sourcing-Supply-Logistics management of articles called "C Class" at ALSTOM´s. ALSTOM´s C-Class is a purchasing family that groups items with low unit value and heterogeneous (markets, technologies, prices, volumes and weights). By utilizing the Transaction Costs Theory and the Agency Theory, as well as some case-studies on the purchasing function and the outsourcing, this thesis analyzes the determinants and risks associated with outsourcing of activities, including purchasing, in order to improve the outsourced management of purchasing and supply of C class. Its author, as a practitioner-researcher, favors Action Research. He based his investigation on semi-structured interviews with professionals involved in the management of the C-Class, produced results that not only the problems of redefining the scope of outsourced resources, reliability of expression of needs, control and performance measurement, but also suggest solutions to the aforementioned problems, such as the definition of class C and its perimeter
Esta tesis está dedicada a la externalización de la adquisición, suministro y gestión de logística de los artículos llamados "Clase C" en un ALSTOM sitio. La Clase C en ALSTOM es una familia de compras que agrupamiento artículos con bajo valor unitario y heterogéneos mercados, tecnologías, precios, volúmenes, pesos. Movilizando la Teoría de Costes de Transacción, la Teoría de la Agencia, así como algunos trabajos sobre la función de compras y la contratación externa, esta investigación analiza los factores determinantes y los riesgos de la externalización de actividades, incluyendo las compras, para mejorar la adquisición del externalizado y suministro de Clase C. El autor, practicante-investigador, recurrió a la investigación-acción y basó su investigación en entrevistas semi-estructuradas con los profesionales que intervienen en la gestión de la Clase C y produjo resultados que no sólo relieven los problemas relacionados con el alcance de los recursos externalizados, la fiabilidad de la expresión de las necesidades y el control y la medición del desempeño, pero ofrecen también soluciones a los problemas mencionados, tales como la definición de la Clase C y su perímetro
آلستوم ترابری، برون¬سپاری، گروهc، خرید، ذخیره، پشتیبانی، سازمان¬دهی، راه¬بُرد، شاغل-پژوهشگر، پژوهش- اقدام.این پشتیبانی - تأمین آن دسته از قطعاتی که بنام گروه"c" در پایگاه¬های آلستوم رده¬بندی شده¬اند، می¬پردازد. گروه "c" در این پایگاه¬ها، مجموعۀ قطعات خرید با ارزش کم برای هر واحد است که دارای بازار، فناوری، بها، میزان سفارش، وزن و اندازۀ متفاوت هستند. با کاربرد نظریه "هزینۀ مبادله" و نظریه "نمایندگی" همچنین، موردکاوی¬های کارکرد خرید و برون¬سپاری، این پژوهش، عوامل تعیین¬کننده و ریسکهای مربوط به برون¬سپاری فعالیت¬ها، شامل خریدها را جهت بهبود مدیریت برون¬سپاری¬شدۀ خریدها و تأمین گروه "c" مورد تحلیل قرار می¬دهد. نگارندۀ این پایان¬نامه، که خود شاغل- پژوهشگر است، روش پژوهش- اقدام¬ را ترجیح می¬دهد. از این رو کاوش خود را بر پایۀ مصاحبه¬های نیمه¬رهبری شده با کارکنان حرفه¬ای که شخصاً درگیر مدیریت خرید گروه "c" هستند، قرار داده و به نتایجی دست یافته است که نه تنها مسائل بازتعریف قلمرو منابع برون¬سپاری شده، قابلیت اطمینان بیان نیازها، کنترل و اندازه¬گیری عملکرد را آشکار می¬سازد، بلکه راهکارهایی بمنظور ترفیع مسائل پایان¬نامه به بررسی برون¬سپاری مدیریت خرید - مذکور،
Dachian, Serguei. "Une Approche vers la Description et l'Identification d'une Classe de Champs Aléatoires." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 1999. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00748012.
Full textValet, Colin. "Rôles de la PI3 kinase de classe II alpha et de la PI3K de classe III, vps34, dans la production et les fonctions plaquettaires." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30032.
Full textMegakaryopoiesis is a highly specialised and complex process occurring in the bone marrow, by which megakaryocytes give rise to de novo circulating blood platelets. Megakaryocyte differentiation implies cytoplasmic and nuclear rearrangements regulated by intrinsic as well as extrinsic factors such as bone marrow microenvironment. Platelets play a critical role in preventing blood loss after vascular injury by orchestrating clot formation through mechanisms of adhesion, secretion and aggregation. These mechanisms are the three major steps of physiological haemostasis leading to the maintenance of vascular integrity. Firstly, my thesis work focused on characterizing the role of class II PI3K alpha isoform (PI3KC2a), class III PI3K (Vps34) and their common product the phosphatidylinositol 3 monophosphate (PI3P) in platelet production and function. Using a unique mouse model partially inactivated for PI3KC2a, I highlighted its key role in the production of a basal PI3P housekeeping pool in platelets. PI3KC2a partial inactivation affects platelet membrane skeleton composition leading to an abnormal platelet morphology, an enrichment of platelet with two cell bodies recently called "barbell-shaped proplatelets", an ex vivo defective thrombus formation and an in vivo delayed carotid occlusion following injury. Thus, PI3KC2a plays a major role in membrane structure and dynamics by maintaining membrane skeleton integrity, which is crucial for functional platelet production. On the other hand, Vps34 specific deletion in megakaryocyte/platelet lineage induced mild microthombopenia correlated to an abnormal megakaryocyte migration linked to an affected PI3P production as well as vesicular trafficking in megakaryocytes. In platelets, Vps34 plays a role in their activation by regulating PI3P production under stimulation, ex vivo thrombus growth and in vivo thrombotic capacity. Vps34 role in platelet independently from its role in megakaryocyte was confirmed using two recently developed inhibitors, SAR405 and INH1, which reproduced ex vivo thrombus growth defects. Therefore, Vps34 is critical for platelet production by megakaryocyte as well as platelet activation. Secondly, I studied the impact of bone marrow microenvironment on megakaryopoiesis and more specifically the crosstalk between medullar adipocytes and hematopoietic progenitors differentiating towards the megakaryocyte lineage. Using an in vitro coculture assay, I demonstrated that adipocytes enhanced megakaryocyte differentiation through a direct lipid transfer, in a non-energetic aim. In the context of obesity, increased marrow adipocity is associated to enhanced megakaryocyte differentiation and defective platelet production and lifespan leading to macrothrombopenia. Thus, bone marrow microenvironment through adipocytes impact directly on megakaryopoiesis and platelet production. Altogether my thesis work contributes to better understand platelet production and function, mechanisms regulated by intrinsic factors such as PI3KC2a and Vps34 as well as extrinsic factors like medullar adipocytes
Zouaki, Hamid. "Un théorème de submersion pour une classe de fonctions multivoques : Applications à la détermination de cônes tangents." Lille 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LIL10097.
Full textYavuz, Ilyas Dorier Jean-Luc Coppé Sylvie. "Evolutions récentes de l'enseignement de la notion de fonction en France en classe de seconde utilisation des tableaux de valeurs et de variations /." Lyon : Université Lumière Lyon 2, 2005. http://demeter.univ-lyon2.fr:8080/sdx/theses/lyon2/2005/yavuz_i.
Full textDeheuvels, Thibaut. "Contributions à l'étude d'espaces de fonctions et d'EDP dans une classe de domaines à frontière fractale auto-similaire." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00869946.
Full textKridane, Hédia. "Caractérisation des fonctions immunologiques d' HFE : molécule d'histocompatibilité de classe I non classique contrôlant le métabolisme du fer." Paris 5, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA05T024.
Full textHereditary hemochromatosis is linked to a recessive mutation of the HFE molecule (an MHC class Ib molecule). Affected individuals have an excessive absorption of dietary iron which, when deposited in tissues, causes diabetes, cirrhosis, liver cancer. . . These patients often need a transplant organ, especially liver transplantation, which remains, however, the organ most affected by the disease. Iron overload and its clinical manifestations are accentuated in the case of concomitant reduction in the number of circulating T lymphocytes expressing the CD8 molecule. The immune system therefore contributes to the control of iron metabolism but the cellular and molecular players that interface immune system / iron metabolism remain uncertain. The ability of murine HFE molecule (mHFE) to induce cytolytic CD8 T responses to TCRab has been documented by Rohrlich and collaborators (Rohrlich et al, 2005) with DBA / 2 mice immunized with HFE KO syngeneic cells expressing the molecule mHFE. These observations led us to ask the following questions : How the HFE molecule, which structure is very similar to that of classical MHC classe I molecules (HLA-A,-B,-C in humans) but deprived of antigen presenting function can be recognized by T cells expressing TCRαβ? To answer this question we used a mutagenesis approach of CDR regions of two TCRS HFE-specific. The data suggest that mHFE is recognized similarly to classical MHC I molecules. HFE may be, independently, a histocompatibility antigen? This was tested by grafting skin from DBA / 2 HFE wild type mice (HFE WT) to DBA / 2 mice invalided for the Hfe gene (HFE KO) or carrying the C282Y mutation (HFEC282Y) responsible for the majority of human hereditary hemochromatosis. Our results show that HFE is a skin associated autonomous histocompatibility antigen and could be, therefore, potentially a self histocompatibility antigen for hemochromatosis subjects. They show, on the other hand, that the immunological tolerance toward HFE can be acquired in the thymus by deletion or reprogramming of clonal T CD8 anti-HFE cells or in the periphery by apoptosis
Tucker, Ida. "Chiffrement fonctionnel et signatures distribuées fondés sur des fonctions de hachage à projection, l'apport des groupes de classe." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSEN054.
Full textOne of the current challenges in cryptographic research is the development of advanced cryptographic primitives ensuring a high level of confidence. In this thesis, we focus on their design, while proving their security under well-studied algorithmic assumptions.My work grounds itself on the linearity of homomorphic encryption, which allows to perform linear operations on encrypted data. Precisely, I built upon the linearly homomorphic encryption scheme introduced by Castagnos and Laguillaumie at CT-RSA'15. Their scheme possesses the unusual property of having a prime order plaintext space, whose size can essentially be tailored to ones' needs. Aiming at a modular approach, I designed from their work technical tools (projective hash functions, zero-knowledge proofs of knowledge) which provide a rich framework lending itself to many applications.This framework first allowed me to build functional encryption schemes; this highly expressive primitive allows a fine grained access to the information contained in e.g., an encrypted database. Then, in a different vein, but from these same tools, I designed threshold digital signatures, allowing a secret key to be shared among multiple users, so that the latter must collaborate in order to produce valid signatures. Such signatures can be used, among other applications, to secure crypto-currency wallets. Significant efficiency gains, namely in terms of bandwidth, result from the instantiation of these constructions from class groups. This work is at the forefront of the revival these mathematical objects have seen in cryptography over the last few years
Duval, Stéphanie. "La qualité des interactions en classe de maternelle et les fonctions exécutives des enfants âgés de cinq ans." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26533.
Full textThe general objective of this thesis is to examine the link between the quality of interactions in 5 year-old kindergarteners and a child’s executive functions [EF]. More precisely, it consists of three specific objectives, which correspond to the three articles of this thesis. The first objective is to study, theoretically, the factors that influence a 5 year-old children’s EF. This article proposes three promising avenues in the study of EF, including the hypothesis that the quality of classroom interactions is related to child’s executive functioning. The second objective of the thesis is to put in parallel the practices observed in kindergarten, and the practices reported by teachers regarding the quality of classroom interactions, from a same frame of reference: the Classroom Assessment Scoring System [CLASS] (Pianta, laparoscopic, and Hamre, 2008), consisting of three domains (emotional support, classroom organization and instructional support). First, the observations were carried out in each class (observed practices), and semi-structured interviews were then conducted with 12 teachers (declared practices). The third objective of this thesis is to study the empirical link between the quality of interactions in kindergarteners and a 5 year-old children’s EF. The study sample consists of 118 children (70 girls and 48 boys). The results show that emotional support has a positive influence on the working memory and cognitive inhibition of the child. Contrary to what was expected, instructional support is negatively related to child’s working memory. However, the results reveal that the majority of children who are in classrooms where the quality of instructional support is low come from families with a high socioeconomic status. Family characteristics ease the relationship between the instructional support and a child’s EF. This data allows to anticipate the presence of a moderating effect of family characteristics on a child’s EF. These results can be used as a springboard to improve the quality of interactions in the classroom, to support the children’s EF that predicts its academic success.
Gervais, Sylvie. "Une classe de tests basés sur des fonctions des rangs pour l'hypothèse d'absence de liaison entre plusieurs vecteurs aléatoires." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/NQ60591.pdf.
Full textAmodei, Luca. "Etude d'une classe de fonctions splines vectorielles en vue de l'approximation d'un champ de vitesse. Application à la météorologie." Toulouse 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993TOU30196.
Full textGibel, Patrick. "Fonctions et statuts des différentes formes de raisonnements dans la relation didactique en classe de mathématiques à l'école primaire." Bordeaux 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BOR21123.
Full textThe aim of the present study is to analyse, from within the didactics of mathematics, the different forms of reasoning that are likely to rise during a math lesson at primary school level. It is based upon a characterization of pupils' and teacher's reasoning processes according to their function(s) in the didactical situation. This research, done within the frame of the Theory of Didactical Situations in Mathematics, aims at studying the influence of the conditions of the activity on the rise and use of the different guises of reasoning in the didactical relation. It allows more particularly to show that the available possibilities of treating the pupils' reasoning processes depend largely on the nature - and more precisely on its de-didactifiable character - of the learning situation that the teacher has chosen for the pupils. The clinical analysis of lessons, whether de-didactifiable or not, linked to the solving of arithmetical problems, allows to underscore the phenomenon that was previously described and analysed in Theory of Didactical Situations
Verdoucq, Laurent. "Dérivées tangentielles et interpolation pour les fonctions de la classe Ak[infini] au bord de domaines de type fini." Lille 1, 1998. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1998/55376-1998-1.pdf.
Full textZaffran, Dan (1974. "Surfaces d'Inoue-Hirzebruch, feuilletages sur les surfaces de classe VII, et problèmes de Serre." Aix-Marseille 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX11047.
Full textPerrot, Rémy. "Contribution à l'étude des effets d'une nouvelle classe de perturbateurs électromagnétiques sur les équipements : application aux structures marines." Limoges, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LIMO0048.
Full textDenizot, Nathalie. "GENRES LITTÉRAIRES ET GENRES TEXTUELS EN CLASSE DE FRANÇAIS Scolarisation, construction, fonctions et usages des genres dans la discipline français." Phd thesis, Université Charles de Gaulle - Lille III, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00532983.
Full textDenizot, Nathalie. "Genres littéraires et genres textuels en classe de français : scolarisation, construction, fonctions et usages des genres dans la disicpline français." Lille 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LIL30031.
Full textThe literary and textual genres adopted in the discipline of French are disciplinary various purposes depending on the disciplinary configurations. At school, genres are thus unstable notions, in the definitions, in the corpus or in the uses (for example scriptural or reading practices) which are made of them. This is the thesis of this study, which looks at the manner in which genres are adapted for use at school in French secondary education from 1802 to the present day (via transposition, secondarization, reconfiguration and/or creation). The first part is a historical perspective, articulated with different paradigms (rhetoric, poetry, literary history and linguistic theory). Then the generic classifications of the genres are contextualized, and articulated with other methods of classification, within the discipline and on the edge of it, in the "CDI"'s. In the third part three cases are studied : the classical tragedy, the use of biographical texts in the penultimate year of secondary education and the "textes fondateurs" (Bible, writings of Homer. . . ) studied in the first year of secondary education. Special attention is paid to a particular form of contextuality, amphitextualité, which refers to the relationship between a text and other texts placed beside it, be it in textbooks, groups of texts, or/more generally in disciplinary practices. The last part analyzes disciplinary practices related to reading and writing the genres : through the manner in which novels of Balzac have been adapted for schools in almost 400 textbooks published since 1880 ; through the use of creative writing texts produced for the "baccalauréat de français"
Ababou-Boumaâz, Rachida. "Ensembles de zéros et ensembles pics pour des classes de fonctions holomorphes dans des domaines strictement pseudoconvexes de Cⁿ." Paris 11, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA112357.
Full textIn this thesis, a sufficient condition is given for a closed boundary subset E of a strictly pseudoconvex domain D in ₵ⁿ to be a zero set for a function in G ₁₊₁/α (D), 0 < α < 1, the class of functions holomorphic in D, satisfying a Gevrey condition of index 1 + 1/α in D̅ and a peak set for Lipα(D), 0 < α < 1, the class of functions holomorphic in D, satisfying a Lipschitz condition of order α in D̅. This condition generalizes result of S. V. Kruscev and J. Bruna and bans the simply expressed in terms of the lengths of radius of pseudo-balls of a Whitney covering of δ D\E
Carrié, Jean-Philippe. "Élite et résidences rurales dans l' Occident tardif : fonctions et évolutions architecturales de l'habitat d'une classe sociale entre le IIIème et le VIIème siècle." Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010560.
Full textFichera, Francesco. "Techniques Lyapunov pour une classe de systèmes hybrides et synthèses de contrôleurs à réinitialisation." Thesis, Toulouse, ISAE, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ESAE0029/document.
Full textThis dissertation presents some results on hybrid systems. Hybrid systems can be used to model complex physical and heterogeneous systems whose time evolution experiences discrete phenomena, such as commutations in electronic converters or impacts in mechanical systems. In the meantime the hybrid theory can be used to design hybrid controllers which exhibit better performance than the classical continuous-time controllers.In this context, the results in this dissertation can be divided en three parts. First, some stability results with respect to the Hinfinity performance index are presented for a wide class of hybrid controllers. Second, we introduce new hybrid controller architectures for continuous-time systems, where the state of the hybrid controller can be reinitialized depending on the trajectory of the system. Finally, we present a convex synthesis of a multiobjective hybrid controller. The comparisons with the classical results show the improvements that can be achieved with hybrid controllers, maintaining the property of robustness and simplicity of design.Although the hybrid theory is in full development, this work generalizes some existing results by improving the simplicity of their usage by means of semidefinite programming tools. Moreover some hybrid architectures are able to generalize some classic results regarding the optimal synthesis with respect to popular performance indexes
Sola, Caroline. "Immunomodulation des fonctions effectrices des cellules NK par le contrôle des intéractions de leurs récepteurs inhibiteurs avec les molécules du complexe majeur d'histocompatibilité (CMH) de classe I." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM4082.
Full textNatural Killer cells (NK cells) are lymphocytes able to kill tumors with aletered expression of Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class I molecules. This “missing self” recognition is mediated by the lack of engagement of Human Leukocytes Antigens (HLA) with NK inhibitory receptors that include Killer Immunoglobulin like Receptors (or KIR) in humans. In rodents, the functional analogues of KIR are Ly49 lectins. Some tumors escape NK cell immune surveillance by increasing the expression of HLA molecules on their surface. So, blocking interactions between KIR and HLA molecules constitutes an interesting therapeutic strategy that INNATE PHARMA decided to explore, developing the anti-KIR monoclonal antibody 1-7F9. Nevertheless, these interactions are necessary for the acquisition of NK functional properties, i.e for their “education”. They are also involved in self-tolerance on educated NK cells. For the pre-clinical development of 1-7F9, it was necessary to anticipate anti-KIR mAb safety and toxicity, evaluate its anti-cancer potential and its impact on NK education. A first part of our work was performed in a surrogate B6 mouse model:Ly49 C/I inhibitory receptors have H-2b molécules as endogenous ligand. Their interactions were blocked with anti-Ly49 C/I monoclonal antibody. In a second part, we report the generation of transgenic mice expressing a single inhibitory KIR in the context of its HLA ligand and in absence of endogenous mouse MHC class I molecules. Both models showed that the blockade of NK inhibitory receptors interactions with their endogenous ligands did not break self tolerance, had a strong anti-tumor effect and did not abrogate NK functionality
Yavuz, Ilyas. "Evolutions récentes de l'enseignement de la notion de fonction en France en classe de seconde : utilisation des tableaux de valeurs et de variations." Phd thesis, Université Lumière - Lyon II, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00012104.
Full textDans notre travail, nous menons tout d'abord une analyse institutionnelle de la notion de fonction dans une perspective écologique pour dégager les différents systèmes de contraintes et de conditions qui pèsent sur les évolutions de ce savoir au cours du processus de transposition didactique interne. Ce travail s'inscrit dans une perspective commençant dans les années 80, au début de la période de la contre-réforme des mathématiques modernes. Nous faisons ensuite un état des lieux de l'enseignement actuel pour voir comment ont été traitées les nouveautés du programme par les manuels actuels et les enseignants (sur la base d'un questionnaire). Nous faisons également un état des lieux des compétences des élèves, à travers un test papier.
A la lumière des analyses précédentes, nous déterminons certaines caractéristiques de l'organisation praxéologique proposée par les nouveaux programmes de 2000 autour de la notion de fonction qui ont du mal à vivre dans l'enseignement. Nous proposons enfin une ingénierie didactique visant à faire fonctionner ces aspects du programme dans les classes et à en tester la viabilité à travers une expérimentation.
Tran, Kiem Minh. "Apprentissage des fonctions au lycée avec un environnement logiciel : situations d'apprentissage et genèse instrumentale des élèves." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00658680.
Full textErdogan, Abdulkadir. "LE DIAGNOSTIC DE L'AIDE A L'ETUDE, EN MATHEMATIQUES: Analyse didactique des difficultés relatives à l'algèbre et aux fonctions en Seconde." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00261943.
Full textPartant de l'hypothèse que l'étude autonome pose des problèmes spécifiquement didactiques et de notre constat préalable que l'aide à l'étude s'avère problématique, nous sommes amené à engager une recherche approfondie sur la nature précise de ce travail, sur ses enjeux et sur les conditions de son fonctionnement, dans le cas spécifié des mathématiques. Nous abordons ces questions sous l'angle du diagnostic, considéré comme étape nécessaire et comme préalable à toute proposition de remédiation et d'amélioration.
La thèse porte sur la classe de Seconde, une classe charnière tant sur le plan des contenus d'enseignement que sur celui des enjeux de la scolarité, et elle se centre sur la partie algébrique et fonctionnelle du programme.
En mettant en œuvre un outil d'analyse et d'interprétation autour de la notion de « site mathématique » que nous introduisons, en analysant de manière croisée plusieurs types de données relatives à quatre classes (textes officiels, manuels, observations de séances d'enseignement, copies d'élèves, questionnaire, entretiens individuels des élèves et des professeurs), la thèse aboutit à identifier des éléments de diagnostic pour repenser l'organisation du curriculum, les situations didactiques d'étude et pour imaginer ce que pourrait être une aide efficace à l'étude.
Cavichioli, Gonzaga Carlos Alberto. "Analyse de stabilité et de performance d'une classe de systèmes non-linéaires à commutations en temps discret." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORR0086/document.
Full textIn this PhD thesis, several problems of stability analysis and control design of discrete-time switched nonlinear systems are addressed. As main contribution, a new class of Lyapunov functions which takes the nonlinearity into account has been proposed. We show that these functions are suitable to solve the classical stability analysis problem of linear systems connected to a cone bounded nonlinearity. Instead of the original Lyapunov Lur'e function, the assumptions about the nonlinearity variation are not required. Furthermore, the local stability analysis and control synthesis problems of Lur'e systems subject to control saturation are tackled by considering the level set of our function as an estimate of the basin of attraction. We expose that this estimate, which is given by non-convex and disconnected sets, is less conservative than ellipsoidal sets. We extend these results in order to deal with the problems of stability analysis and stabilization of discrete-time switched nonlinear systems. On one hand, we consider the case of arbitrary switching such that our sufficient conditions assure the properties of stability for all possible switching rules. In this framework, we highlight that our function is able to provide a suitable estimate of the basin of attraction. On the other hand, we tackle the problem of switching rule design aiming at the stabilization of discrete-time switched systems with nonlinear modes. We propose a switching strategy depending on the minimum of our switched Lyapunov Lur'e function. Hence, our framework leads to state space partitions, related to the mode activation, which are not restricted to conic sets, commonly exhibited by the switched quadratic functions approaches
Volteau, Stéphanie. "Les reformulations orales dans des interactions didactiques au cycle 3 de l'école primaire : formes et fonctions des reformulations d'une enseignante expérimentée et d'une enseignante débutante dans une classe de CM2." Toulouse 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009TOU20073.
Full textWithin the teaching interaction framework, the objective of our study is to describe the linguistic forms and functions of teachers' rephrasings in oral interactions in the third cycle of primary school. The application of Gülich and Kotschi's linguistic model (1987) of the rephrasing reveals its functioning in teaching interactions. The corpus which we propose to analyze consists of eight sessions, with different teaching objects, recorded in two CM2 classes, one led by an experienced teacher and the other one by a novice teacher. Rephrasings are an integral part of the construction of knowledge in class. They play a different role according to the subjects being taught. In learning situations, rephrasings aim towards a precise target, they allow the validation or problématisation of the pupils' statements. The analysis of this teaching interactions corpus confirms the linguistic model that was constructed to give an account of this linguistic phenomenon and may claim to refine the initial model by adding new rephrasing categories. The analysis of rephrasings of two teachers enables specification of the rephrasing functions, as well as bringing out invariant characterictics of the teaching interactions
Van, Gorp Jérémy. "Diagnostic et observation d'une classe de systèmes dynamiques hybrides. Application au convertisseur multicellulaire série." Phd thesis, Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambresis, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00933659.
Full textRaab, Raphaelle. "Vers une pédagogie des temps faibles : étude sur les processus d'autonomisation en classe maternelle dans le cadre des espaces-temps intersticiels." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO20046/document.
Full textThis dissertation studies favorable conditions to empowerment of pupils. The empirical study was carried out in the final year of kindergarten. In most learning/teaching situations, "autonomy moments" are structurally inevitable since the teacher cannot be systematically available to everyone all the time. Interest is focused on moments during which the teacher does not directly intervene, either because he/she is not available or because he/she voluntarily withdraws from the learning situation. We call these moments "low times" because of the teacher's low presence: during these specific moments, each student responds according to his own strengths without the teacher's direct intervention to regulate both learning and behavior. It appears that students are not naturally autonomous: when left unattended, the so-called "autonomous" learning activities contribute to widening the knowledge gap between students in learning situations. Autonomy would be part of this implicitly expected behavior and is "all the more expected and required from teachers rather than being constructed in, with and by school". How can student empowerment be perceived and operationalized in an ordinary class context? Our goal is to identify tools, levers, interactions and devices which enable students to benefit from "low times" for their own learning. The data are collected in 14 classes in 117 half-days of direct observation. Socio-constructivist approach to learning suggests that in order to construct new knowledge, the student must encounter an obstacle in the course of accomplishing his task. Learning results from overcoming this obstacle. We highlight differentiated behaviors of students when facing obstacles in autonomy classroom workshops: some resort to avoidance strategies and refuse to deal with this obstacle by bypassing or circumventing it. Conversely, others draw on (their own) resources in order to overcome it and construct new knowledge. During the study period, remarkable dynamics appear: some students, with usually an "avoidant" attitude, join or maintain a "drawing on resource conduct". The study of the "notable exceptions" leads to the emergence of the favorable conditions which fostered this particular dynamic in terms of tools, activities, interactions and devices. What would have worked to the benefit of the notable exceptions could be further used as a sustainable and pedagogical lever to the benefit of all students. These conditions become then supposedly favorable and are reinvested in experimental devices in order to see if they produce the expected effects, to which extent and within what limits? Il clearly appears that the empowerment process, in classroom context of a large and heterogeneous class, is developed in a special way in "low times" of pedagogical structuration and their articulation with "strong times", notably collective feedbacks on workshops. A pedagogy of "low times" entails providing the teacher with substantial pedagogical status, which would be a crucial step as well as an instrument in the school empowerment process. Such pedagogy would also entail carefully organizing teacher's intervention in an indirect mode, through a class device which would relay it through its various dispositions (tools, rules, activities, interactions). The student would then internalize these dispositions as psychological instruments in referring to oneself in the first person. This pedagogy would finally entail a redefinition of teacher's role: his/her apparent "absence" from the situation which would paradoxically become, a teaching-learning tool to the benefit of school empowerment
Fischer, Véronique. "Etude de deux classes de groupes nilpotents de pas deux." Paris 11, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA112042.
Full textThe aim of this PhD work is to study the Lp-boundedness of operators on two classes of two-step nilpotent Lie groups, using Plancherel formulas and spherical functions as tools. The first class of groups consist s of the groups of Heisenberg type, and the second, of the two-step free nilpotent Lie groups (denote Nv,2 for v generators). In the latter case, we develop a radial Fourier calculus. Our study has focused on the maximal functions associated with Koranyi spheres, together with their square functions, and the convolution operator defined with the radial Fourier calculus on the two-step free nilpotent Lie group (radial Fourier multiplier problem). In fact, one chapter of this work is devoted to the proof of Lp-inequalities for the maximal spherical function on the two considered classes of groups. Our method is based on interpolation for the same operator family as in the euclidean case, on Lp-boundedness for the standard maximal function, and L2-inequalities for square functions. These L2-inequalities are based on Plancherel formula and on the properties of bounded spherical functions for orthogonal groups. On Nv,2, we construct the bounded spherical functions using representations of the semidirect product of Nv,2 with the orthogonal group. We also obtain some properties of the Kohn sublaplacian and the radial Plancherel measure. Then we present a first study of the radial Fourier multiplier problem, with the aim of giving our solutions for some technical difficulties
Kuperberg, Denis. "Etude de classes de fonctions de coût régulières." Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA077153.
Full textThis thesis continues a serie of work aimaing at defining suitable quantitative extensions of the model of finite automata. The theory of regular cost functions, initiated by Colcombet and following work with Mikolaj Bojanczyk, is a satisfying framework to extend a large spectrum of results on regular languages to a quantitative setting. The aim of this thesis is to obtain such results, and also to study classes that are specific to the new framework of cost functions. The thesis is divided into three parts, according to the domain of the cost functions we are studying : finite words, infinite words, and infinite trees. On finite and infinite words, we generalise a number of results from the theory of regular languages, often by showing equivalence between different formalisms (in terms of automata, logics, or semigroups). In particular we show that we can extend the notion of syntactic congruence to this quantitative framework. We also study the temporal class, which does not have a counterpart in language theory. On infinite trees, we show that Rabin-Kupferman-Vardi theorem on languages is generalised in an unexpected way, and gives rise to the class of quasi-weak cost functions. The study of this class allows us to obtain a decidability result on inifinte tree languages : it is decidable whether a Büchi language is weak
Roy, Denis. "Rôles et fonctions de HPr(Ser-P)(His~P) chez les bactéries à Gram positif à faible contenu en G+C de la classe des Bacilli ainsi que l'identification des gènes sous le contrôle de HPr(His~P) chez Streptococcus salivarius obtenue par analyse protéomique." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26213/26213.pdf.
Full textRoy, Denis. "Rôles et fonctions de HPr(Ser-P)(His~P) chez les bactéries à Gram positif à faible contenu en G+C de la classe des Bacilli ainsi que l'identifation des gênes sous le contrôle de HPr(His~P) chez Streptococcus salivarius obtenue par analyse protéomique." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/20752.
Full textDemeslay, Florent. "Formules de classes en caractéristique positive." Caen, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CAEN2044.
Full textIn 2012, Taelman proved a formula relating a special L-value and a class module, both of them associated with a Drinfeld module, providing a characteristic-p-valued function field analogue of the class number formula. We extend this result to Anderson t-modules over a field of rational fractions with s indeterminates. Thus we obtain similar formulas for the values at positive integers of Pellarin and Goss L-functions. The formula for the latter allows us to study the minus part of the class module : we give an annihilator of it and a characterization of its triviality in the case of cyclotomic fields associated with a squarefree polynomial. Finally, we obtain a log-algebraicity result which, specializing variables in roots of unity, gives us an expression of special values of Goss L-functions as sums of polylogarithms
Tusche, Marco. "Empirical processes of multiple mixing data." Thesis, Tours, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOUR4033/document.
Full textThe present thesis studies weak convergence of empirical processes of multiple mixing data. It is based on the articles Durieu and Tusche (2012), Dehling, Durieu, and Tusche (2012), and Dehling, Durieu, and Tusche (2013). We follow the approximating class approach introduced by Dehling, Durieu, and Voln (2009)and Dehling and Durieu (2011), who established empirical central limit theorems for dependent R- and R”d-valued random variables, respectively. Extending their technique, we generalize their results to arbitrary state spaces and to empirical processes indexed by classes of functions. Moreover we study sequential empirical processes. Our results apply to B-geometrically ergodic Markov chains, iterative Lipschitz models, dynamical systems with a spectral gap on the Perron—Frobenius operator, and ergodic toms automorphisms. We establish conditions under which the empirical process of such processes converges weakly to a Gaussian process
Fourlinnie, Hervé. "Théorème du Edge of the Wedge dans les classes ultradifférentiables." Lille 1, 1998. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1998/50376-1998-297.pdf.
Full textMerghni, Lobna. "Propriétés spectrales des opérateurs de composition et opérateurs de Hankel." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0029.
Full textIn this thesis we focus on the composition operators on Hardy and Dirichlet spaces and Hankel operators on spaces of polyanalytiques functions. We are interested in the composition operator on the Dirichlet spaces: $$ mathcal{D}_alpha=left{ f in Hol(D): |f|_alpha^{2}=| f(0)|^{2}+int_{D}| f'(z)| ^{2}dA_alpha(z)
Ponsart, Jacky. "Pourquoi préparer sa classe ? : la fonction des préparations d'enseignement : étude sociologique du travail enseignant hors la classe." Paris 5, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA05H028.
Full textTeaching preparation can be defined as the whole of the time devoted to the profession outside the classroom, time which forms a fluctuating boundary between one's professional and private life. Based on a study of the professional criteria of teaching, preparation is identified as a moment which has a dual role at the center of the professional process. It has, on the one hand, a role of rationalization : from the irrational of individual habitus, it forms professionalism. On the other hand it fulfills a role of identification : from the diverse conceptions of education, it forms a habitus of the teaching corps. A questionnaire concerning 1680 teachers, ranging from pre-school classes to secondary school enables us to draw up a typology of teachers who construct varying types of professionalism with their preparation activities. Observation of the way these are using in practice in 35 elementary classes completes the analysis of the process and shows how preparation determines practice and above all how it ensures other functions
Carroy, Raphaël. "Functions of the first Baire class." Paris 7, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA077071.
Full textIThe aim of this thesis is to provide new tools for handling and getting |a better understanding of Borel functions. We take the Wadge analysis |on sets as a role model for our analysis of functions, and the far horizon of the project is to get a description of functions that is as precise as the Wadge hierarchy on sets is. We focus on the first Baire (class and specifically on the continuous functions. The use of games in the analysis of the Wadge hierarchy being central, games are the first tools that we try to develop. The framework that (allows to mix games and functions is given by the Polish and 0-(dimensional spaces. So from this point onwards, we only consider (functions from and into a closed subspace of the Baire space. The first idea for this thesis is to find purely game-theoretical methods (and use them to provide new proofs of the Baire Lemma on pointwise (convergence or of the Jayne-Rogers Theorem. Then, as a second approach, we look for a reduction notion for functions that preserves the simplicity of these, so for instance the Baire class. We use the simplicity of the quasi-order, i. E. It being a well-quasi-order, as a major criterion to choose between several notions that preserve the regularity of functions. It is far from being [an easy task to prove that a fine quasi-order is a wqo, so we describe the one candidate that is most likely on a very wide class of functions. Then we begin to study it on the restricted class of continuous functions
Hu, Xiaoqin. "Etude de la fonction argumentale dans la perspective de l'acquisition automatique du vocabulaire." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCD042.
Full textThis thesis aims to study the argumental function for finding an efficient method to automatically acquire the terms. We start with a discussion on the problematic of the corpus which is: what kind of corpus should we choose and how should we construct the web corpus. Then, three methods are developed which are based on the morphological characteristics of lexical units and the relation between the appropriate predicates and their arguments. The distributional method tries to exploit the predicate-argument structures for identifying the arguments of the given semantic class. The morph-semantic method is developed on the basis of the morphological characteristics of the lexical units in order to extend the list of terms. The mixed method which combines the two precedent approaches permit to improve the result. Finally, we try to develop a statement on the natural language character, on the semantic class, on the specialized language and on the recursive nature of language in the perspective of natural language processing
Niglio, Louis. "Classes caractéristiques lagrangiennes." Montpellier 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987MON20282.
Full textJourdan, Carole. "Les récepteurs des Sémaphorines de classe 3 : spécificité d'assemblage et de fonction." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON20136.
Full textSecreted class 3 Semaphorin (Sema3) modulates a wide variety of axon behavior during central nervous system formation. Sema3 family functions are triggered through binding to specific receptor complexes that include the obligate binding subunit Neuropilins-1 and 2 (Nrp1-2) and the signalling subunit plexin-A1-4. Yet, the exact mechanism controlling Sema3 receptor complex formation is not known. Here, we investigate Sema3 cell surface receptor formation using a time resolved FRET approach. We showed that Nrp-1 and 2 formed homo and hetero-oligomers at the cell surface of leaving cells. Nrp-1 can form hetero-oligomers with PlexinA1, A2 and A4 but not with PlexinA3. Deletion of the Plexin-Sema domain of PlexinA3 (PlexinA3∆sem) induced the formation of Nrp1 and PexinA3∆sem hetero-complexes. These results showed that PlexinA3-sema domain adopts a different conformation from the other PlexinAs and inhibited the interaction with Nrp1. Furthermore, PlexinAs can form homo-oligomers independently of the Plexin-Sema domain. These results further suggest that Sema3 receptors could form higher oligomeric complex that include homodimers of both neuropilins and PlexinAs. Understanding the basic principles of Sema3 receptor assembly will be pivotal to decipher how ligand binding translates into specific pathways of cellular signaling. In the second part of my thesis we investigated PlexinA specific signaling in cerebellar GABAergic interneurons. Sema3A induced GABAergic axonal branching in cerebellar cortex in a Fyn dependent manner (Cioni et al.,2013). However the identity of Sema3A receptor complexes involved in this process needed further investigation. We showed that PlexinA1, A2 and A3, but not PlexinA4, are expressed in GABAergic interneurons. While PlexinA1-3 are associated with FYN, only PlexinA1 and A2 induced axon branching. Interestingly, Fyn interaction with PlexinA1 and A2 is mediated via the SH3 domain while the interaction with PlexinA3 is through the SH2 domain, suggesting that the binding mode of Fyn to PlexinA is important. These results were further supported by in vivo characterization of PlexinA1-4 deficient mice that showed GABAergic axon branch deficit only in PlexinA1 mutant