Relevant bibliographies by topics / Classes of cyanine dyes

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Classes of cyanine dyes'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2025
Last updated: 15 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Classes of cyanine dyes"

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H., A. Shindy. "Synthesis of different classes of five/six membered heterocyclic cyanine dyes: A review." Chemistry International 6, no. 2 (2020): 56–74. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3361022.

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In this review paper synthesis of different classes of five/six membered heterocyclic cyanine dyes have been reviewed. In this paper review detailed synthesis steps were represented via equations. The synthesis covers, monomethine cyanine dyes (simple cyanine dyes), dimethine cyanine dyes, trimethine cyanine dyes (carbocyanine dyes), styryl cyanine dyes (hemicyanine dyes), aza-styryl cyanine dyes (aza-hemicyanine dyes and/or aza-cyanine dyes), merocyanine dyes (acyclic merocyanine dyes and cyclic merocyanine dyes) and apocyanine dyes. Besides, in the introduction section of this review paper some light is focused on the uses, applications and properties of cyanine dyes. This review paper is informative, useful and very readable for synthetic dye chemists, researchers and students who look for the different methods in the synthesis and preparation of various classes of five/six membered heterocyclic cyanine dyes with special emphasize in the field of heterocyclic and/or cyanine dyes chemistry. This specific type of collective review in the synthesis of different classes of only five/six membered heterocyclic cyanine dyes has been paid little attention and has great importance in the chemistry literature.
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Fan, F., V. A. Povedailo, A. P. Kadutskii, G. V. Maleev, and V. V. Shmanai. "Physicochemical properties of new cyanine dye derivatives in DNA conjugates." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Chemical Series 61, no. 2 (2025): 95–104. https://doi.org/10.29235/1561-8331-2025-61-2-95-104.

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Cyanine dyes are one of the most commonly used classes of fluorescent probes. All Cy5 fluoresce at ~ 660 nm, while Cy7 emit in the near-infrared range (700–900 nm), making them particularly suitable for biomedical applications due to reduced tissue autofluorescence in this spectral region. The fluorescence intensity of cyanine dyes typically increases upon conjugation with biomolecules such as nucleic acids. Furthermore, their fluorescence can be significantly modulated through duplex formation between dye-modified single-stranded DNA and its complementary sequence. In this study, we investigated physicochemical properties of a series of Cy5 and Cy7 derivatives with substituents of varying lengths at distinct molecular positions in both single-and double-stranded DNA conjugates.
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A. Shindy, H. "Synthesis of Different Classes of Five / Five Membered Heterocyclic Cyanine Dyes: A Review Paper." Mini-Reviews in Organic Chemistry 9, no. 2 (2012): 209–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157019312800604652.

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Friães, Sofia, Eurico Lima, Renato E. Boto, et al. "Photophysicochemical Properties and In Vitro Phototherapeutic Effects of Iodoquinoline- and Benzothiazole-Derived Unsymmetrical Squaraine Cyanine Dyes." Applied Sciences 9, no. 24 (2019): 5414. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9245414.

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The search to replace conventional cancer treatment therapies, such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery has led over the last ten years, to a substantial effort in the development of several classes of photodynamic therapy photosensitizers with desired photophysicochemical and photobiological properties. Herein we report the synthesis of 6-iodoquinoline- and benzothiazole-based unsymmetrical squaraine cyanine dyes functionalized with amine groups located in the four-membered central ring. Their photodegradation and singlet oxygen production ability, as well as their in vitro photocytotoxicity against Caco-2 and HepG2 cell lines using a 630.8 ± 0.8 nm centered light-emitting diode system, were also investigated. All photosensitizer candidates displayed strong absorption within the tissue transparency spectral region (650–850 nm). The synthesized dyes were found to have moderate light stability. The potential of these compounds is evidenced by their cytotoxic activity against both tumor cell lines, highlighting the zwitterionic unsubstituted dye, which showed more intense photodynamic activity. Although the singlet oxygen quantum yields of these iodinated derivatives are considered low, it could be concluded that their introduction into the quinoline heterocycle was highly advantageous as it played a role in increasing selective cytotoxicity in the presence of light. Thus, the novel synthesized dyes present photophysicochemical and in vitro photobiological properties that make them excellent photosensitizer candidates for photodynamic therapy.
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Lima, Eurico, and Lucinda V. Reis. "Photodynamic Therapy: From the Basics to the Current Progress of N-Heterocyclic-Bearing Dyes as Effective Photosensitizers." Molecules 28, no. 13 (2023): 5092. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28135092.

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Photodynamic therapy, an alternative that has gained weight and popularity compared to current conventional therapies in the treatment of cancer, is a minimally invasive therapeutic strategy that generally results from the simultaneous action of three factors: a molecule with high sensitivity to light, the photosensitizer, molecular oxygen in the triplet state, and light energy. There is much to be said about each of these three elements; however, the efficacy of the photosensitizer is the most determining factor for the success of this therapeutic modality. Porphyrins, chlorins, phthalocyanines, boron-dipyrromethenes, and cyanines are some of the N-heterocycle-bearing dyes’ classes with high biological promise. In this review, a concise approach is taken to these and other families of potential photosensitizers and the molecular modifications that have recently appeared in the literature within the scope of their photodynamic application, as well as how these compounds and their formulations may eventually overcome the deficiencies of the molecules currently clinically used and revolutionize the therapies to eradicate or delay the growth of tumor cells.
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Norouzi, Neil. "Cyanine Dyes." Synlett 24, no. 10 (2013): 1307–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0033-1338948.

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Tolbert, Laren, and Xiaodong Zhao. "Extended cyanine dyes." Synthetic Metals 57, no. 2-3 (1993): 4788–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0379-6779(93)90818-h.

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Hassan, Abazied Shindy, Abdallah El-Maghraby Mohamed, Mubark Goma Maha, and Abdelrahman Harb Nemat. "Dicarbocyanine and tricarbocyanine dyes: Novel synthetic approaches, photosensitization evaluation and antimicrobial screening." Chemistry International 6, no. 1 (2020): 30–41. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2631739.

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Novel dicarbocyanine dyes (pentamethine cyanine dyes), bis dicarbocyanine dyes (bis pentamethine cyanine dyes), tricarbocyanine dyes (heptamethine cyanine dyes) and bis tricarbocyanine dyes (bis heptamethine cyanine dyes) derived from the nucleus of furo[(3,2-d)pyrazole; (3&#39;,2&#39;-d)oxazole] were prepared using novel synthetic approaches. The electronic visible absorption spectra were investigated in 95% ethanol to evaluate the photosensitization properties. The cyanine dyes were better photosensitizers in visible light to initiate the electronic transitions at higher wavelength bands (bathochromic shifted and/or red shifted dyes). Consequently, the photosensitization of the cyanine dyes decreases in visible light to initiate the electronic transitions at lower wavelength bands (hypsochromic shifted and/or blue shifted dyes). Antimicrobial activity of ten selected compounds was tested against four bacterial strains (<em>Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomona aeruginosa</em> and <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>). The compounds were thought to be better antimicrobial active when they give higher inhibition zone against the tested strains. Consequently, the antimicrobial activity was promising and variable among all synthesized compounds against tested strains. Structural characterization and confirmations were determined by elemental analysis, visible, mass, IR and <sup>1</sup>H NMR spectral data.
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Hassan, Abazied Shindy, Abdallah El-Maghraby Mohamed, Mubark Goma Maha, and Abdelrahman Harb Nemat. "Novel styryl and aza-styryl cyanine dyes: Synthesis and spectral sensitization evaluation." Chemistry International 5, no. 2 (2019): 117–25. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1475414.

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Novel styryl cyanine dyes and aza-styryl cyanine dyes having the nucleus of furo[(3,2-d)pyrazole;(3&#39;,2&#39;-d)oxazole] iodide salt were prepared. Spectral sensitization evaluation for all the synthesized styryl and aza-styryl cyanine dyes was carried out through investigating their electronic visible absorption spectra in 95% ethanol solution. The dyes were thought to be better spectral sensitizers when they absorb light at longer wavelength bands (bathochromic shifted and/or red shifted dyes). Consequently the spectral sensitization of the dyes decreased when they absorb light at shorter wavelength bands (hypsochromic shifted and/or blue shifted dyes). The results discussed in this study revealed that the spectral sensitization properties of the examined dyes is highly effected by the type of the X substituted in the phenyl ring system for the styryl cyanine dyes and by the type of the phenyl and/or the naphthyl ring system for the aza-styryl cyanine dyes. Structural confirmations were identified by elemental analysis, visible spectra, IR and 1H NMR spectroscopic data.
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R., M. Abdel Aal, I. Abd El Gawad I., and M. Essam Z. "Novel pyrazolo pyrazoly heterocyclic in the synthesis of positive solvatochromic cyanine dyes." Chemistry International 3, no. 3 (2017): 332–41. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1473341.

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Novel cyanine dyes monomethine, bismonomethine and trimethine cyanine dyes were synthesized from 5-hydroxy-2-(5-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-3-methyl-1-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-2-ium as a nucleus. Structure confirmed by elemental analysis, IR, 1H-NMR, mass and visible was determined. The electronic visible absorption spectra of all the newly synthesized cyanine dyes were investigated in 95% ethanol solution. Solvatochromism for the newly prepared cyanine dyes were performed in pure solvents having different polarities.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Classes of cyanine dyes"

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Gragg, Jamie Loretta. "Synthesis of Near-Infrared Heptamethine Cyanine Dyes." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2010. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/chemistry_theses/28.

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Carbocyanine dyes are organic compounds containing chains of conjugated methine groups with electron-donating and electron-withdrawing substituents at the terminal heterocycles of the general formula [R1-(CH)n-R2]+X-. The synthetic methodology and optical properties of carbocyanines will be discussed. This thesis consists of two parts: (A) synthesis and optical properties of novel carbocyanine dyes substituted with various amines and the synthesis of unsymmetrical carbocyanine dyes containing monofunctional groups for bioconjugation. (B) synthesis of heptamethine carbocyanine dyes to be used for image-guided surgery. In part A, the synthesis of carbocyanine dyes functionalized with various amines and studies of their optical properties with respect to absorbance, fluorescence, quantum yield and extinction coefficient will be presented. These property studies will aid in designing efficient dyes for future biomedical applications. Part A will also include a one pot synthesis of unsymmetrical carbocyanine dyes functionalized with mono carboxylic acid chains, useful for biomolecule (i.e. proteins, amino acids, etc.) conjugation. Part B will describe the synthesis of novel carbocyanine dyes to be used for cancer image-guided surgery. Cancers are thus far incurable diseases, i.e. there are no drugs currently available to cure cancer; however, by designing a dye to visualize tumor cells will greatly increase the efficiency of cancer removal and hopefully increase the survival rate of cancer patients. The dyes reported in this thesis are superior to commercially available dyes used to visualize and identify various tumors invisible to the naked eye of surgeons with regards to biodistribution and clearance through kidney filtration.
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Hake, Jennifer Louise. "Solid-phase synthesis and applications of cyanine dyes." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.613994.

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Fegan, Adrian. "Cyanine dyes : synthesis and applications as nucleic acid labels." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.611861.

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Mason, Stephen John. "Studies on the solid-phase synthesis of cyanine dyes." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.620058.

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Fernando, Nilmi T. "Novel Near-Infrared Cyanine Dyes for Fluorescence Imaging in Biological Systems." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2011. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/chemistry_diss/57.

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Heptamethine cyanine dyes are attractive compounds for imaging purposes in biomedical applications because of their chemical and photophysical properties exhibited in the near-infrared region. A series of meso amino-substituted heptamethine cyanine dyes with indolenine, benz[e]indolenine and benz[c,d]indolenine heterocyclic moieties were synthesized and their spectral properties including fluorescence quntum yield were investigated in ethanol and ethanol/water mixture. Upon substitution with amines, the absorption maxima of the dyes shifted to the lower wavelength region (~600 nm), showed larger Stokes shifts and stronger fluorescence which can be attributed to an excited state intramolecular charge transfer (ICT). High quantum yields were observed for primary amine derivatives and lower quantum yields were observed for secondary amine derivatives. Fluorescence quantum yields are greater for dyes with 3H-indolenine terminal moieties than for dyes with benz[e]indolenine end groups. Benz[c,d]indolenine based heptamethine cyanine dyes exhibited the lowest quantum yield due to aggregation in solution. In general, the benz[e]indolenine hepatemethine cyanines showed high Stokes shifts compared to indolenine dyes. For the meso-chloro dyes, the absorption maxima for the dyes shifted bathochromically in the order of indolenine, benz[e]indolenine and benz[c,d]indolenine.
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Paranjpe, Shirish. "Synthesis of Novel Fluorescent Benzothiazole Cyanine Dyes as Potential Imaging Agents." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2012. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/chemistry_theses/55.

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Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging has emerged as an attractive non-invasive approach for direct visualization of diseases which depends on the development of stable, highly specific and sensitive optical probes. The NIR region of the electronic spectrum offers a reduction in the background autofluorescence and an increase in the tissue penetration depth. Cyanine dyes have often been considered promising contrast optic agents owing to their photophysical properties. Herein the synthesis of various penta- and heptamethine benzothiazole cyanine dyes has been described and their in vivo imaging efficacy was determined. Varying functionalities on the benzothiazole aromatic ring and changing substituents on the benzothiazolium nitrogen atom reflected subsequent changes in the imaging pattern and have resulted in the development of promising brain targeting agents.
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Osedach, Timothy. "Colloidal Quantum Dots and J-Aggregating Cyanine Dyes for Infrared Photodetection." Thesis, Harvard University, 2012. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:10088.

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The emergence of nanostructured semiconducting materials enables new approaches toward the realization of photodetectors that operate in the technologically important near- and short-wave infrared (NIR and SWIR) spectral ranges. In particular, organic semiconductors and colloidal quantum dots (QDs) possess numerous advantages over conventional crystalline semiconductors including highly tunable optical and electronic characteristics, the prospect for low-temperature processing, and compatibility with inexpensive and exible substrates. Photodetectors based on such materials may lead to low-cost IR focal plane arrays for night-vision imaging as well as a multitude of novel applications in biological and chemical sensing. This thesis describes the development and detailed characterization of several photodetectors that incorporate colloidal QD and organic semiconductor thin films as active layers. The electronic properties of PbS QDs are thoroughly investigated in a field effect transistor (FET) geometry and several QD-based photoconductive structures exhibiting SWIR photosensitivity are demonstrated. We describe a novel QD-sensitized lateral heterojunction photoconductor in which the functions of optical absorption and charge transport are dissociated into different physical layers that can be independently optimized. This structure is advantageous because it obviates the need for aggressive chemical treatments to the QD film that may compromise the quality of QD surface passivation. Photovoltaic device architectures are addressed, noting their advantages of being operable without an external applied bias and at fast response speeds. We present detailed experimental and theoretical characterization of a photovoltaic structure that is sensitized at NIR wavelengths by a J-aggregating cyanine dye. The high absorption coefficient of the J-aggregate film, combined with the use of a reflective anode and optical spacer layer, enables an external quantum efficiency (EQE) of \(16.1\pm0.1\%(\lambda = 756 nm)\) to be achieved at zero-bias in a device that incorporates an \(8.1\pm0.3 nm\)-thick dye film. The merits and drawbacks of the various device architectures and nanostructured material systems are discussed and the outlook for nanostructured photodetectors that exhibit infrared sensitivity is presented.<br>Engineering and Applied Sciences
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Cao, Yumeng Melody. "Photostabilization of J-aggregate cyanine dyes for exciton-polariton based devices." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/118061.

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Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2018.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 67-69).<br>Organic molecules are becoming a commonly used material in strongly coupled systems as they possess large exciton binding energies and huge oscillator strengths that have allowed for the creation of room temperature polariton condensates, superfluids, and other exotic phenomena. Using J-aggregates, the aggregated form of cyanine organic dyes, we have previously fabricated light-emitting devices that demonstrated the first ever electrically pumped polariton emission, as well as critically coupled resonators with record high effective absorption constants. Although there are many promising applications for organic exciton-polariton devices, state-of-the- art devices suffer from rapid photodegradation at higher photon densities, which presently limits their eventual implementation into a viable technology. To achieve stable devices, we need to isolate the causes of photodegradation. Specifically, we studied the photoluminescence stability of J-aggregate thin films under different atmospheric conditions. Our results indicated that J-aggregates maintain both better emission and stability in high humidity environments in comparison to oxygen-rich atmospheres. Furthermore, we show an order of magnitude improvement in the photostability via encapsulation of the film with a hygroscopic sugar encapsulant. These results are highly promising and suggest future pathways for the realization of functional and stable polariton-based devices which we will explore in this thesis.<br>by Yumeng Melody Cao.<br>S.M.
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Eisele, Dörthe Melitta. "Optical, structural and redox properties of nanotubular j-aggregates of amphiphilic cyanine dyes." Aachen Shaker, 2009. http://d-nb.info/1002585198/04.

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Kim, Junseok. "Bioanalytical Applications of Intramolecular H-Complexes of Near Infrared Bis(Heptamethine Cyanine) Dyes." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2008. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/chemistry_diss/23.

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This dissertation describes the advantages and feasibility of newly synthesized near-infrared (NIR) bis-heptamethine cyanine (BHmC) dyes for non-covalent labeling schemes. The NIR BHmCs were synthesized for biomolecule assay. The advantages of NIR BHmCs for biomolecule labeling and the instrumental advantages of the near-infrared region are also demonstrated. Chapter 1 introduces the theory and applications of dye chemistry. For bioanalysis, this chapter presents covalent and non-covalent labeling. The covalent labeling depends on the functionality of amino acids and the non-covalent labeling relies on the binding site of a protein. Due to the complicated binding process in non-covalent labeling, this chapter also discusses the binding equilibria in spectroscopic and chromatographic analyses. Chapter 2 and 3 evaluate the novel BHmCs for non-covalent labeling with human serum albumin (HSA) and report the influence of micro-environment on BHmCs. The interesting character of BHmCs in aqueous solutions is that the dyes exhibit non- or low-fluorescence compared to their monomer counterpart, RK780. It is due to their H-type closed clam-shell form in the solutions. The addition of HSA or organic solvents opens up the clam-shell form and enhances fluorescence. The binding equilibria are also examed. Chapter 4 provides a brief introduction that summaries the use of capillary electrophoresis (CE), and offers a detailed instrumentation that discusses the importance and advantage of a detector in NIR region for CE separation. Chapter 5 focuses on the use of NIR cyanine dyes with capillary electrcophoresis with near-infrared laser induce fluorescence (CE-NIR-LIF) detection. The NIR dyes with different functional groups show that RK780 is a suitable NIR dye for HSA labeling. The use of BHmCs with CE-NIR-LIF reduces signal noises that are commonly caused by the interaction between NIR cyanine dyes and negatively charged capillary wall. In addition, bovine carbonic anhydrase II (BCA II) is applied to study the influence of hydrophobicity on non-covalent labeling. Finally, chapter 6 presents the conformational dependency of BHmCs on the mobility in capillary and evaluates the further possibility of BHmCs for small molecule detection. Acridine orange (AO) is used as a sample and it breaks up the aggregate and enhances fluorescence. The inserted AO into BHmC changes the mobility in capillary, owing to the conformational changes by AO.
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Books on the topic "Classes of cyanine dyes"

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Ferreira, L. F. Vieira. Photophysics of cyanine dyes adsorbed onto surfaces. Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, 1998.

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Hamer, Frances M. Cyanine Dyes and Related Compounds. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2009.

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Zimmerman, Douglas. Cyanine Dyes: Structure, Uses and Performance. Nova Science Publishers, Incorporated, 2019.

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Zimmerman, Douglas. Cyanine Dyes: Structure, Uses and Performance. Nova Science Publishers, Incorporated, 2019.

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Hamer, Frances M. Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds, the Cyanine Dyes and Related Compounds. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2008.

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Green Dyes and Pigments: Classes and Applications. Lulu Press, Inc., 2016.

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Ellwanger, William De Lancey. Oriental Rug; a Monograph on Eastern Rugs and Carpets, Saddle-Bags, Mats & Pillows, with a Consideration of Kinds and Classes, Types Borders, Figures, Dyes, Symbols, etc. , Together with Some Practical Advice to Collectors. Creative Media Partners, LLC, 2018.

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Oriental Rug; a Monograph on Eastern Rugs and Carpets, Saddle-Bags, Mats & Pillows, with a Consideration of Kinds and Classes, Types Borders, Figures, Dyes, Symbols, etc. , Together with Some Practical Advice to Collectors. Creative Media Partners, LLC, 2022.

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Ellwanger, William De Lancey. Oriental Rug; a Monograph on Eastern Rugs and Carpets, Saddle-Bags, Mats & Pillows, with a Consideration of Kinds and Classes, Types Borders, Figures, Dyes, Symbols, etc. , Together with Some Practical Advice to Collectors. Creative Media Partners, LLC, 2018.

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Oriental Rug; a Monograph on Eastern Rugs and Carpets, Saddle-Bags, Mats & Pillows, with a Consideration of Kinds and Classes, Types Borders, Figures, Dyes, Symbols, etc. , Together with Some Practical Advice to Collectors. Creative Media Partners, LLC, 2022.

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Book chapters on the topic "Classes of cyanine dyes"

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Matsuoka, Masaru. "Cyanine Dyes." In Infrared Absorbing Dyes. Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2046-1_3.

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Henrie, Robert N., Thomas Cullen, Benjamin Dugan, et al. "Discovery of Insecticidal Cyanine Dyes." In ACS Symposium Series. American Chemical Society, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2007-0948.ch007.

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Larivé, Henri, and René Dennilauler. "Cyanine Dyes Derived from Thiazolium Salts." In Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds: A Series Of Monographs. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470187074.ch2.

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Sturmer, David M. "Syntheses and Properties of Cyanine and Related Dyes." In Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds: A Series Of Monographs. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470187005.ch8.

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Tolmachev, A. I., Yu L. Slominskii, and A. A. Ishchenko. "New Cyanine Dyes Absorbing in the NIR Region." In Near-Infrared Dyes for High Technology Applications. Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5102-3_19.

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Jung, Michael E., Wan-Joong Kim, Nuraly K. Avliyakulov, Merve Oztug, and Michael J. Haykinson. "Synthesis and Validation of Cyanine-Based Dyes for DIGE." In Methods in Molecular Biology. Humana Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-573-2_6.

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Deligeorgiev, Todor G. "Molecular Probes Based on Cyanine Dyes for Nucleic Acid Research." In Near-Infrared Dyes for High Technology Applications. Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5102-3_6.

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Bricks, Yu L., and N. N. Romanov. "Near-Infrared Cyanine Dyes: A New Approach to an Old Problem." In Near-Infrared Dyes for High Technology Applications. Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5102-3_20.

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Werncke, W., M. Pfeiffer, T. Johr, A. Lau, and W. Freyer. "Photoisomerization Studies of Cyanine Dyes by Time-Resolved Resonance CARS." In Springer Proceedings in Physics. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-85060-8_24.

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Ogul’chansky, Tymish Yu, Sergiy M. Yarmoluk, Valeriy M. Yashchuk, and Myhailo Yu Lossytskyi. "The spectral response on DNA interaction with some monomethyne cyanine dyes." In Spectroscopy of Biological Molecules: New Directions. Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4479-7_138.

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Conference papers on the topic "Classes of cyanine dyes"

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Tyan, Yuan-Sheng, Pranab Raychaudhuri, Kee-Chuan Pan, George R. Olin, and Fridrich Vazan. "Red Readable CD-R Media." In Symposium on Optical Memory. Optica Publishing Group, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/isom.1996.omb.3.

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Most successful recordable-CD media (CD-R) to date are based on a design suggested by Hamada et al(1). In this design the CD-R disc is constructed using a polycarbonate substrate, a lightly absorbing recording layer, and a gold reflector. The recording layer needs to have a unique set of optical properties: high n and low k. This is achieved currently by using the anomalous dispersion effect (Kramers-Kronig relation) in dyes having the trailing edge of absorption near the operating wavelength of 780 nm(2). Using this principle(3), most CD-R media today are based on two classes of dye, cyanine and phthalocyanine.
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Wu, Jason Boyang, Chen Shao, Xiangyan Li, et al. "Abstract 3913: Hypoxia-mediated cancer imaging by a novel class of near-infrared (NIR) heptamethine cyanine dyes." In Proceedings: AACR 104th Annual Meeting 2013; Apr 6-10, 2013; Washington, DC. American Association for Cancer Research, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2013-3913.

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Salaeh, Salsabila, Wei Lim Chong, Supaporn Dokmaisrijan, et al. "Theoretical structures and binding energies of RNA-RNA/cyanine dyes and spectroscopic properties of cyanine dyes." In 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON FUNDAMENTAL AND APPLIED SCIENCES (ICFAS 2014): Innovative Research in Applied Sciences for a Sustainable Future. AIP Publishing LLC, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4898453.

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Ryzhova, O., U. Tarabara, V. Trusova, and A. Kurutos. "Aggregation of cyanine dyes in lipid environment." In 2015 International Young Scientists Forum on Applied Physics (YSF). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ysf.2015.7333131.

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Shalaev, Pavel V., and Ekaterina V. Bondina. "Fluorescent Imaging of Polystyrene Microspheres With Cyanine Dyes." In 2019 IEEE Conference of Russian Young Researchers in Electrical and Electronic Engineering (EIConRus). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eiconrus.2019.8657200.

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Heier, Jakob, Chuyao Peng, Anna C. Véron, et al. "Cyanine dyes in solid state organic heterojunction solar cells." In SPIE Organic Photonics + Electronics, edited by Zakya H. Kafafi, Paul A. Lane, and Ifor D. W. Samuel. SPIE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2063977.

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Starovoytov, A. A., V. I. Belotitskii, Yu A. Kumzerov, and A. A. Sysoeva. "Optical properties of cyanine dyes in the nanoporous chrysotile asbestos." In 2016 International Conference Laser Optics (LO). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lo.2016.7549923.

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Starovoytov, Anton A., Tigran A. Vartanyan, Vladimir I. Belotitskii, Yuri A. Kumzerov, and Anna A. Sysoeva. "Optical properties of cyanine dyes in nanotubes of chrysotile asbestos." In Nanophotonic Materials XIV, edited by Stefano Cabrini, Gilles Lérondel, Adam M. Schwartzberg, and Taleb Mokari. SPIE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2274721.

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Kawabe, Yutaka, Sho Kato, Mayuko Honda, and Junichi Yoshida. "Effects of DNA on the optical properties of cyanine dyes." In SPIE NanoScience + Engineering, edited by Norihisa Kobayashi, Fahima Ouchen, and Ileana Rau. SPIE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.858846.

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Pisoni, Diego S., Marluza P. de Abreu, Cesar L. Petzhold, Fabiano S. Rodembusch, and Leandra F. Campo. "Synthesis of cyanine dyes: potential fluorescent probes for biological applications." In 14th Brazilian Meeting on Organic Synthesis. Editora Edgard Blücher, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/chempro-14bmos-r0159-2.

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