Journal articles: 'Classical references'

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Herrero-Beaumont, G., and S. Castañeda. "References from the classical rheumatologic literature." Arthritis & Rheumatism 28, no. 11 (November 1985): 1320. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/art.1780281126.

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Xie, Dong, Chunling Xu, and Anmin Wang. "General coarsened measurement references for revelation of a classical world." Chinese Physics B 25, no. 11 (November 2016): 110302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1674-1056/25/11/110302.

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Gacia, Tadeusz. "References to classical pre-Christian sources in Benedict XVI’s teaching." Rocznik Teologii Katolickiej 12, no. 1 (2013): 5–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.15290/rtk.2013.12.1.01.

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Trigub, Roald. "On the Fourier series and Fourier transforms." Ukrainian Mathematical Bulletin 16, no. 2 (June 24, 2019): 239–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.37069/1810-3200-2019-16-2-6.

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This survey article is addresses to classical harmonic analysis. In particular, a number of classical theorems are presented with the simplest, in our opinion, proofs (see also [1] and references therein). Some results of the present article are new and are published for the first time.

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Tamma, Kumar K., and Raju R. Namburu. "Computational Approaches With Applications to Non-Classical and Classical Thermomechanical Problems." Applied Mechanics Reviews 50, no. 9 (September 1, 1997): 514–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3101742.

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Although the issues are not very controversial, the fusion of both the fields of heat conduction in solids and elasticity which results in the so-called field of dynamic thermoelasticity (both non-classical and classical), dates as far back as Maxwell (1867), and has long been a subject matter of widespread research activity and interest. Although routine thermomechanical problems are primarily influenced by classical effects, issues where non-classical influences may become important are also addressed. To date, numerous applications ranging from defense, aerospace to manufacturing related problems including routine mechanical, civil, nuclear and allied engineering applications influenced by thermal-structural interactions continue to pose significant challenges both from the underlying mechanics and from a computational viewpoint. Herein is first presented an overview of non-classical and classical dynamic thermoelasticity models and equations governing these situations. Subsequently, attention is focused on computational approaches for the modeling and analysis of various classes of problems encompassing thermal-structural interactions which can be broadly classified as: i) thermally-induced stress wave propagation problems, ii) thermally-induced dynamic (inertial type) problems, and iii) the general field of thermal stresses. A variety of illustrative numerical examples encompassing non-classical and classical influences are finally presented to provide an improved understanding of the behavior of thermal-structural problems via effective unified computational developments. This review article contains 142 references.

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Haidenthaller, Ylva. "Adapting Antiquity: References to Classical Literature on Early Modern Swedish Medals." IKON 13 (January 2020): 303–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/j.ikon.5.121581.

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Mali, Ganesh Dipak, and Shivprasad Mehtre. "REVIEW OF VIRECHANA KARMA IN CLASSICAL TEXTS OF AYURVEDA." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 8, no. 1 (June 5, 2020): 250–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v8.i1.2020.278.

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The Ayurvedic management of diseases consists of Shodhana and Shamana treatments. Shodhana Chikitsa is performed mainly by employing Panchakarma, it includes, Vamana, Virechana, Asthapana Basti, Anuvasana Basti and Nasyakarma. Virechana is considered as the best treatment for morbid and increased Pitta Dosha. This paper serves as a collection of references pertaining to Virechana Karma during ancient period of Ayurveda Samhitas, along with some information on the method of Virechana Karma explained in ancient textbooks of Ayurveda Samhitas.

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Allen, Danielle. "Imprisonment in Classical Athens." Classical Quarterly 47, no. 1 (May 1997): 121–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cq/47.1.121.

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Nineteenth–century scholars assumed that the Athenians as a community punished citizens with death, exile, atimia, and fines and used imprisonment only to hold those awaiting trial, those awaiting execution, and those unable to pay fines.1 As they saw it, brief imprisonment in the stocks occasionally supplemented these penalties, but always as additional penalty–never as a penalty on its own. Barkan saw in the use of imprisonment as an additional penalty the likelihood of general penal imprisonment and used evidence from the oratorical corpus to make an argument therefore.2 His argument seems to have been largely ignored–the nineteenth–century interpretation continuing dominant; and the issue, largely unexplored but for a few glancing references in recent scholarship.3 The issue remains, thus, sufficiently vexed to make worthwhile a restatement of the argument for the use of punitive imprisonment. Also, the evidence provides clues worth setting forth as to why and when punitive imprisonment developed. Indeed, these are sufficient to make an argument about the relevance of the development to Athenian political history. For the introduction of penal imprisonment in Athens proves an extremely important historical moment, marking as it does both the completion of a general will institutionalized (in a punishment of consumption of the wrong–doer within, rather than of expulsion from, the community) and a significant point in the establishment of isonomia.

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Suroso, Dwi Joko, Farid Yuli Martin Adiyatma, Ahmad Eko Kurniawan, and Panarat Cherntanomwong. "Performance Comparison of Several Range-based Techniques for Indoor Localization Based on RSSI." International Journal on Information and Communication Technology (IJoICT) 7, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 40–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.21108/ijoict.v7i1.550.

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The classical rang-based technique for position estimation is still reliably used for indoor localization. Trilateration and multilateration, which include three or more references to locate the indoor object, are two common examples. These techniques use at least three intersection-locations of the references' distance and conclude that the intersection is the object's position. However, some challenges have appeared when using a simple power-to-distance parameter, i.e., received signal strength indicator (RSSI). RSSI is known for its fluctuated values when used as the localization parameter. The improvement of classical range-based has been proposed, namely min-max and iRingLA algorithms. These algorithms or methods use the approximation in a bounding-box and rings for min-max and iRingLA, respectively. This paper discusses the comparison performance of min-max and iRingLA with multilateration as the classical method. We found that min-max gives the best performance, and in some positions, iRingLA gives the best accuracy error. Hence, the approximation method can be promising for indoor localization, especially when using a simple and straightforward RSSI parameter.

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Pickard, William F. "The Symplegades." Greece and Rome 34, no. 1 (April 1987): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0017383500027649.

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Classical literature abounds with references to natural phenomena which have no obvious counterparts in the present day; and it is always difficult to know how to interpret such references, whether they should be dismissed forthwith as the excesses of overwrought imaginations, or whether they should be classified as poetic licence, or whether they should be taken more seriously still and explanations sought in terms of subtle or uncommon natural processes which occurred in ancient times as well as modern.

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Van der Mescht, H. H. "Karakterisering en die gebruik van verwysings na psalms, gesange en hallelujaliedere in die roman Agaat van Marlene van Niekerk." Literator 32, no. 3 (July 30, 2011): 37–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/lit.v32i3.209.

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Characterisation and the use of references to psalms, hymns and hallelujah songs in Marlene van Niekerk’s novel Agaat The qualities of the main characters in Marlene van Niekerk‟s Afrikaans novel “Agaat” (2004) are often emphasised by the use of references to classical, folk and sacred music. As religious songs constitute an integral part of the Afrikaans community, it is fitting to include references to the texts of psalms, hymns and hallelujah hymns in an Afrikaans novel set on a farm. The novel makes extensive use of such references to portray the characters and their context. These references form one of the most important means of characterisation in the novel. The texts are often used by the characters in a harsh and ironic way – and without respect for the religious content – but there are also some touching situations in which the original religious context is retained.

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Mashevskyi, Oleh, and Khrystyna Lazavenko. "The analysis of the images of antiquity in M. Robespierre’s political writings during the early years of the French revolution (1789–1791)." European Historical Studies, no. 18 (2021): 106–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2524-048x.2021.18.09.

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This research attempts to reassess the significance of the images of classical antiquity in Maximilien Robespierre’s political writings of 1789–1791 by analyzing their context, frequency, and their objectives for use and by creating statistical data to demonstrate main tendencies and patterns. It is necessary to admit that classical antiquity largely contributed to European culture by defining its basic virtues and vices and creating role models for future generations. Allusions and references to classical antiquity can be easily traced throughout European history. The French Revolution wasn’t an exception while its classical ancient traditions were clearly expressed in visual sources, political writings, and even in everyday life. It is commonly considered that the Jacobins used a large number of classical antiquity images in their political writings. We have to pay special attention to M. Robespierre as he was largely associated with the Jacobin party during the French Revolution as well as nowadays. However, the images of classical antiquity in his political writings are not regarded as an area of interest. Even if there are a few historical writings focused on this topic, they are usually concentrated on the Reign of Terror (1793–1794) while the period of the early Revolutionary years (1789–1791) is often neglected. In order to change this disproportion our research covers this very period. The results of our analysis proved the significance of the classical antiquity images in M. Robespierre’s political writings providing a set of statistical data and describing its main tendencies. It was proved that the number of references increases each year, pointing out that M. Robespierre clearly understood the differences between antiquity and his times even in the early years of the French Revolution. In addition to this, the research put forward authors’ classification of the classical antiquity images and demonstrating the predominance of some image types.

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Coleman, S. R., Anthony Fanelli, and Scott Gedeon. "Psychology of the Scientist: LXXXII. Coverage of Classical Conditioning in Textbooks in the Psychology of Learning, 1952–1995." Psychological Reports 86, no. 3 (June 2000): 1011–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.2000.86.3.1011.

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Objective information was obtained from 89 textbooks in the psychology of learning published from 1952 through 1995 to answer questions about their coverage of classical conditioning. We found (a) that classical conditioning consistently received less coverage than instrumental and operant conditioning, (b) that the distinction of classical and instrumental conditioning has become established as a textbook-construction device, (c) that use of the classical-instrumental distinction by textbook authors has “hardened” after a period of “fluidity” in the 1970s, (d) that the currency of references in the basic classical (as well as instrumental) conditioning chapters diminished from 1952 to 1995. Findings are discussed in regard to the possibility that, as a class, and in comparison to other textbooks, the textbooks of the psychology of learning fall short of fulfilling some of their recognized roles.

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Ginzburg, Dov. "Exploitation and Uses of Metals in Ancient Israel According to Biblical Sources and Commentaries." Earth Sciences History 8, no. 1 (January 1, 1989): 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.17704/eshi.8.1.yg3437370k722929.

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Many verses of the Old Testament contain references to metals, their places of origin, their manufacture, their trading and their uses, both in cult and in everyday life. These verses appear to represent what was common knowledge at those times about gold, silver, copper, tin, lead and various alloys, and the roles they played in the economy and in some rituals. A review is presented of these references and their translations, as well as of the comments by various classical and widely-studied Bible commentators.

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Maas, Philipp André. "Rasāyana in Classical Yoga and Āyurveda." History of Science in South Asia 5, no. 2 (December 31, 2017): 66–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.18732/hssa.v5i2.32.

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The present chapter deals with rasāyana in the discipline of Yoga. More specifically, it focuses on the meaning of the word rasāyana in the Pātañjalayogaśāstra (PYŚ, late fourth or early fifth century CE), the oldest surviving Sanskrit exposition of Yoga as a soteriological system of thought from a Brāhmaṇa perspective. By interpreting the two difficult and slightly obscure text passages of the PYŚ that mention rasāyana in the light of its older commentaries and on the basis of additional references to rasāyana and related conceptions in early classical āyurvedic and upaniṣadic literature, the chapter concludes that for Patañjali rasāyana was a magically longevity potion prepared from unidentified herbs. The PYŚ neither refers to rasāyana as a branch of Āyurveda nor to alchemy. Some commentators of the PYŚ, however, interpret Patañjali's mentioning of rasāyana differently. While Vācaspatimiśra in the later half of the tenth century follows the PYŚ closely, the eleventh-century commentator Bhoja relates rasāyana to alchemy. Finally, the eighth-century (?) commentator Śaṅkara relates Patañjali's rasāyana to Āyurveda. Even though this interpretation is probably at odds with the PYŚ, it is not at all a far fetched, since the obtainment of various superpowers played an important role in āyurvedic rasāyana from the time of earliest sources onwards.

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Camilleri, Anna. "Byron and Antiquity, ‘Et Cetera - ’." Byron Journal 48, no. 2 (December 1, 2020): 145–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/bj.2020.20.

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Byron’s interest in the classical past is manifest throughout his life and work. Alongside citations from and references to a remarkable catalogue of writers, thinkers, and historical figures, we also have extensive poetic responses to classical places, classical architecture, and to Greek and Roman art and sculpture. Yet it is clear that Byron’s classical pretentions are by no means underpinned by a thorough grasp of classical languages. His Greek in particular was extremely poor, and his Latin compositions barely better than the average eighteenth-century schoolboy’s. As I shall go on to demonstrate, this does not mean that attending to those moments when he does stray into classical allusion or composition is uninteresting, but it is Latin and not Greek that Byron engages with most frequently. Specifically, Byron’s less than proper Latin becomes a means by which he negotiates less than proper subject matter in his poetry.

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Limone, Vito. "Origen’s Explicit References to Aristotle and the Peripateticians." Vigiliae Christianae 72, no. 4 (September 14, 2018): 390–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700720-12341341.

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Abstract The acquaintance of Origen with Aristotle and Peripatetic tradition is still unexplored in scholarship due to both the lack of documentation concerned with the Peripatetic school in the early imperial period and to the equivocal and complex approach of the early Christians to the classical philosophy. The chief aim of this study is to contribute to the understanding of Origen’s knowledge of Aristotelian thought by investigating his explicit references to Aristotelian texts and doctrines. In this respect, the analysis will focus on Origen’s references to the biography of Aristotle, to the doctrines explicitly attributed to Aristotle and the Peripateticians, finally to some specific Peripateticians.

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Salas Salgado, Francisco. "Plutarco y Flavio Josefo en la obra del jesuita Matías Sánchez: el concepto clásico de la historia." Fortunatae. Revista Canaria de Filología, Cultura y Humanidades Clásicas, no. 32 (2020): 695–707. http://dx.doi.org/10.25145/j.fortunat.2020.32.45.

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This paper attempts to approach a historical work of 18th century from the classical perspective. This is a manuscript, fortunately edited, that describes the vicissitudes of the JesusCompany in the Canary Islands, written by the jesuit born in Granada, Matías Sánchez. This workcontains many Latin quotations and various references to characters from Classical Antiquity. But also in his prologue appear the criteria followed by this jesuit in the composition of his work, where he is linked to Plutarch and especially to Josephus

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Bellino, Francesca. "Idols and Idolatry in the Legendary Maġāzī Literature." Annali Sezione Orientale 78, no. 1-2 (April 18, 2018): 104–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24685631-12340046.

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Abstract This article aims at analyzing idolatry inasmuch it appears as a literary motif in legendary maġāzī literature, a large and varied corpus of narratives, spread mostly in the post-Classical period (15th–19th centuries), which recount in fictional way the early Muslim military expeditions that took place during Muḥammad’s lifetime (Ar. ġazawāt, sing. ġazwa). Within this genre, it considers primarily those ġazawāt in which direct references to idolatry appear, either as references to the general concept or as references to individual idols. Regarding the latter, it provides an overview, accompanied by textual examples, of all the idols mentioned by name in the ġazawāt, divided into those that are also attested in the historical sources, and the fictitious ones invented by the narrators for narrative purposes.

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Paleit, Edward. "Shakespeare’s Faulty Learning? Classical References in 2 Henry VI and the Authorship Question." Notes and Queries 65, no. 4 (October 20, 2018): 506–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/notesj/gjy153.

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Anthony M. Cummings. "Musical References in Brucioli’s Dialogi and Their Classical and Medieval Antecedents." Journal of the History of Ideas 71, no. 2 (2010): 169–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jhi.0.0077.

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Reynolds, Gabriel Said. "The Muslim Jesus: Dead or alive?" Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 72, no. 2 (May 28, 2009): 237–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0041977x09000500.

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AbstractAccording to most classical Muslim commentators the Quran teaches that Jesus did not die. On the day of the crucifixion another person – whether his disciple or his betrayer – was miraculously transformed and assumed the appearance of Jesus. He was taken away, crucified, and killed, while Jesus was assumed body and soul into heaven. Most critical scholars accept that this is indeed the Quran's teaching, even if the Quran states explicitly only that the Jews did not kill Jesus. In the present paper I contend that the Quran rather accepts that Jesus died, and indeed alludes to his role as a witness against his murderers in the apocalypse. The paper begins with an analysis of the Quran's references to the death of Jesus, continues with a description of classical Muslim exegesis of those references, and concludes with a presentation of the Quran's conversation with Jewish and Christian tradition on the matter of Jesus' death.

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Rhodes, P. J. "Political activity in classical Athens." Journal of Hellenic Studies 106 (November 1986): 132–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/629648.

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‘Only the naïve or innocent observer’, says Sir Moses Finley in his bookPolitics in the ancient world, ‘can believe that Pericles came to a vital Assembly meeting armed with nothing but his intelligence, his knowledge, his charisma and his oratorical skill, essential as all four attributes were.’ Historians of the Roman Republic have been assiduous in studyingclientelae,factionesand ‘delivering the vote’, but much less work has been done on the ways in which Athenian politicians sought to mobilise support. There have been studies of family connections and of links between individual politicians; there have been studies of the associations known ashetaireiai; but many questions remain unanswered. W. R. Connor inThe new politicians of fifth-century Athenscontrasted an old style of politics, based on ties ofphiliawithin the upper classes, with a new style, which spurnedphiliaand appealed directly to the people. Even in his old style, the votes of the ordinary, middling-to-poor citizens counted for more in the straightforward Athenian assembly than in the Romancomitiawith their complex systems of block votes. Connor limits political friendship to the upper classes; he pours cold water on Sealey's suggestion that rich families might have brought pressure to bear on their tenants and other dependants (saying, ‘The proud and independent Athenian might be expected to resist intimidation’); but apart from general references to largesse he does not really explain how an old-style Cimon or a new-style Cleon would ensure that the assembly was full of voters willing to elect him as general or approve a motion which he proposed. J. K. Davies has tried to take the matter further inWealth and the power of wealth in classical Athens.

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Babu, Chitra Sharma, Suni Vitharana, and Stephen P. Higgins. "Primary syphilis presenting as balanitis." International Journal of STD & AIDS 18, no. 7 (July 1, 2007): 497–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/095646207781147346.

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The classical lesion of primary syphilis is a solitary, indurated, painless chancre. Atypical presentations, such as herpetiform ulceration, are well recognized. However, there are few references in the medical literature to primary syphilis presenting as balanitis or balanoposthitis. We report two cases of primary syphilitic balanitis in homosexual men.

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Palbag, Satadru, and D. N. S. Gautam. "Arsenic in the management of leukemia: an Ayurvedic perspective." Journal of Ayurvedic and Herbal Medicine 3, no. 3 (September 30, 2017): 159–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.31254/jahm.2017.3311.

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Gauripasan, Harital and Manhasilaare important classical Ayurvedic arsenic containing minerals found in Rasashastra (Indian Alchemy). Though there are no direct references about the role of these minerals in treating leukemia but there are several references of the above minerals in combating blood disorders, infection and anemia which can occur secondary to leukemia. This review discusses the probable role of this arsenic based Ayurvedic compounds in the management of leukemia, its study from ancient classics supporting its therapeutic efficacy and also to draw a comparison among the effectiveness in between several arsenic containing mineral groups in Ayurveda.

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MORA, JUAN CARLOS SECK TUOH, MANUEL GONZÁLEZ HERNÁNDEZ, GENARO JUÁREZ MARTÍNEZ, SERGIO V. CHAPA VERGARA, and HAROLD V. McINTOSH. "UNCONVENTIONAL INVERTIBLE BEHAVIORS IN REVERSIBLE ONE-DIMENSIONAL CELLULAR AUTOMATA." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 18, no. 12 (December 2008): 3625–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127408022597.

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Reversible cellular automata are discrete invertible dynamical systems determined by local interactions among their components. For the one-dimensional case, there are classical references providing a complete characterization based on combinatorial properties. Using these results and the simulation of every automaton by another with neighborhood size 2, this paper describes other types of invertible behaviors embedded in these systems different from the classical one observed in the temporal evolution. In particular, spatial reversibility and diagonal surjectivity are studied, and the generation of macrocells in the evolution space is analyzed.

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Haikal, Yusuf. "The Actualization of Characters and References in The Classic Arabic Literature Criticism." Jurnal CMES 14, no. 1 (June 20, 2021): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/cmes.15.1.48323.

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<p>This study aims to give an overview, review and actualize referral sources in the literary criticism of classical Arabic along with the figures from the source of the referral, which is expected to help and enrich the knowledge and insight for learners criticism in Arabic literature. The method used is descriptive qualitative and the study of literature. Through this method the data and studies taken from various sources of literature are then described and presented in the form of words based on the focus of the book which became the main reference. From the discussion, it could be concluded that the scientific and the development of criticism in Arabic Literature in the classical, more precisely between the eighth century to the twelfth century, is the golden period of development in the scientific criticism in Arabic literature. Moreover, the four centuries was also born to a wide variety of artwork and writing a review or even find a theory and new things related to literary criticism. There are at least four books is the source of the referral (mashdar) literary criticism of classical Arabic that can be actualized and utilized as well as made the object of research to the development of scientific criticism in Arabic literature at the present time. The fourth book is Thabaqāt Fuchūlus-Syu'arā’, al-muwāzanah, al-badi’, and dalā'ilul i'jāz. The fourth book, and its author, is also a testament to the greatness of the development of criticism in Arabic literature in the classic, and has represented a wide range of novelty born of the development of scientific criticism in Arabic literature.</p>

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Kalisz, Roman. "A Concept of General Meaning: Selected Theories in Comparison to Selected Semantic and Pragmatic Theories." Research in Language 11, no. 3 (September 30, 2013): 239–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10015-012-0024-6.

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The paper discusses a concept of general meaning with reference to various relevant semantic and pragmatic theories. It includes references to Slavic axiological semantics (e.g. Krzeszowski (1997); Puzynina (1992)), Wierzbicka’s (e.g. 1980, 1987) atomic expressions and classical pragmatics theories, such as speech acts, Gricean theory of conversational implicature, politeness theory and and relevance theory.

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Ávila, Lazslo Antônio, and João Ricardo Terra. "Hysteria and its metamorphoses." Revista Latinoamericana de Psicopatologia Fundamental 15, no. 1 (March 2012): 27–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1415-47142012000100003.

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OBJECTIVE: To investigate the historical evolution of hysteria and its possible psychopathological ramifications in today’s diagnostic classifications. Method: Clinical and historical problematization contrasting classical and contemporary references on the subject. Conclusion: Higher incidence of certain conditions and decline in the use of the construct of hysteria should be seen as different moments in a continuum.

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Karlin, Louis W., and Jordan D. Teti. "A trace of equity in Utopia? On Raphael's reformulation of classical equity." Moreana 54 (Number 207), no. 1 (June 2017): 19–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/more.2017.0004.

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“Equity,” a fertile concept for understanding justice in More's time, has its origins in Greek and Roman philosophy. As the putative emissary of Greek (and Ciceronian) philosophy in More's Utopia, it is thus fitting that Raphael Hythloday expressly acknowledges classical sources in his references to equity, such as in his allusion to the “leaden rule” of Aristotle and his paraphrase of Cicero's famous epigram, “summum ius, summa iniuria.” In substance, however, Raphael's understanding of equity differs from that of Plato, Aristotle, and Cicero. For example, while classical thinkers sought flexibility in the application of written law so as to accord with a higher justice (as in the “leaden rule”), Raphael rejects such impure flexibility. Also, Utopia, itself, a land with few laws and fewer lawyers, lacks equity as it was traditionally understood—that is, as a justice-facilitating corrective to the imprecision of written law. Nevertheless, Raphael emotionally concludes Book Two by apparently praising the “fairness” (aequitas) of Utopia. Despite his appeals to equity, Raphael actually appears to be an inequitable man in the action of the dialogue, with his brash monologues, tendentious citations of the Gospel, and dubious references to equity, itself. By contrast, Cardinal Morton and Morus embody the traits of the “equitable man,” a figure with a key role in promoting justice in Aristotle's Ethics and Rhetoric and in bringing about the best regime in Plato's Laws and Republic. This irony in Utopia helps readers appreciate the fruits and risks of incorporating philosophy into politics, especially as it relates to clamoring for reform. We see the important distinction between impassioned partisans of philosophy (such as Raphael) and the enlightened gentleness of men like Morton and Morus.

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Liew, K. M., C. W. Lim, and S. Kitipornchai. "Vibration of Shallow Shells: A Review With Bibliography." Applied Mechanics Reviews 50, no. 8 (August 1, 1997): 431–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3101731.

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This review article documents recent developments in the free vibration analysis of thin, moderately thick, and thick shallow shells. An introductory review of the studies in Kirchhoff-Love classical thin shell theory is given. The development of studies in moderately thick shells incorporating the effects of transverse shear deformation and rotary inertia is detailed. This review article mainly focuses on research advances in vibration studies since the 1970s using the classical Kirchhoff-Love, first-order, and higher-order theories. The validity and range of applicability of these theories are examined. There are 163 references listed at the end of the article.

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Chen, Xiaoxing, and Manfeng Hu. "Finite-Time Stability and Controller Design of Continuous-Time Polynomial Fuzzy Systems." Abstract and Applied Analysis 2017 (2017): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/3273480.

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Finite-time stability and stabilization problem is first investigated for continuous-time polynomial fuzzy systems. The concept of finite-time stability and stabilization is given for polynomial fuzzy systems based on the idea of classical references. A sum-of-squares- (SOS-) based approach is used to obtain the finite-time stability and stabilization conditions, which include some classical results as special cases. The proposed conditions can be solved with the help of powerful Matlab toolbox SOSTOOLS and a semidefinite-program (SDP) solver. Finally, two numerical examples and one practical example are employed to illustrate the validity and effectiveness of the provided conditions.

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Salas Salgado, Francisco. "El mundo clásico en Agustín Millares Torres: La «Introducción» a su Historia General de las Islas Canarias." Fortunatae. Revista Canaria de Filología, Cultura y Humanidades Clásicas, no. 34 (2021): 147–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.25145/j.fortunat.2021.34.08.

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"The Classical World has not gone unnoticed to Canarian historiography. Throughout the different periods, historians have shown their concern about the mythical past associated to these islands, rendering their own interpretations of such stories with unequal success. In the nineteenth century a considerable number of Canarian scholars joined that intellectual tradition. Among these, Agustín Millares Torres and Gregorio Chil y Naranjo are acknowledged as representing prototypical liberal bourgeois historiography. Taking this into account, this work aims to highlight and analyse the references to the Classical world in Millares Torres’ «Introduction » to Historia general de las Islas Canarias."

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Carney, J. P. "Some Previously Unrecognized References to Classical Historians in Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley's The Last Man." Notes and Queries 61, no. 4 (November 7, 2014): 527–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/notesj/gju133.

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Das, Kinnor, Steven Daveluy, George Kroumpouzos, Komal Agarwal, Indrashis Podder, Katherine Farnbach, Alex G. Ortega-Loayza, Jacek C. Szepietowski, Stephan Grabbe, and Mohamad Goldust. "Efficacy and Toxicity of Classical Immunosuppressants, Retinoids and Biologics in Hidradenitis Suppurativa." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 3 (January 27, 2022): 670. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11030670.

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Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the apocrine glands characterized by recurrent episodes. Although several therapies exist, none is completely curative. Several immunosuppressives have been studied with encouraging results and targeted approaches. In this review, we highlight the various immunosuppressives used in this condition along with their salient features to enable physicians to choose the correct therapy for their patients. The search of the peer-reviewed literature included clinical trials, scientific reviews, case series, case reports, and guidelines. The literature was identified from electronic databases (MEDLINE and PubMed) through November 2021; additional articles were included from the references of the identified articles.

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Osborne, Robin. "Buildings and Residence on the Land in Classical and Hellenistic Greece: The Contribution of Epigraphy." Annual of the British School at Athens 80 (November 1985): 119–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s006824540000753x.

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References to rural buildings mentioned in inscriptions are analysed, particularly the records of the temple estates of Delian Apollo on Delos, Rheneia, and Mykonos. It is concluded that, against earlier interpretations, none of the vocabulary employed in the leases necessarily implies residence. Evidence from other leases confirms this. It is suggested here that buildings referred to as oikiai were not primarily residences, but centres of agricultural activity, according to season.

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Kurniasari, Indah, and Muh Farozin. "Classical Guidance Materials on Career Students Based on INATBKBK Instrument Analysis." JPI (Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia) 10, no. 1 (March 10, 2021): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.23887/jpi-undiksha.v10i1.29152.

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Career guidance delivered through classical guidance is important to note in order to support the success of students in careers in the future. Nevertheless, there is still limited material that is appropriate and in accordance with the needs of students that can be used as a reference or basis by the Guidance and Counseling teacher in providing classical guidance in career fields to students. This study aims to find the right material and as needed for classical guidance in the career fields of students. Samples in this study amounted to 353 from 14 public high schools. The research method used is descriptive quantitative through the INATBKBK questionnaire method to collect research data. These 10 topics are the basis of material and references that can be used and developed by counseling guidance teachers in the delivery of career guidance through classical guidance to children. With the existence of concrete material for career guidance, career guidance provided through classical guidance is expected to help students to more mature in preparing for the career they will pursue in the future.

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Maver, Igor. "An Australian Poet in Italy: A.D. Hope’s Byronic View of Latter-day Italy." Acta Neophilologica 50, no. 1-2 (November 13, 2017): 57–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/an.50.1-2.57-68.

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The article examines the classicism of the poet A.D. Hope, especially in relation to his fascination with the work of Lord Byron, notably Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage and its sections set in Italy in Rome. Hope’s insistence on the European source of Australian literature in the classical antiquity found expression in several of his poems in direct intertextual references to Byron’s work.

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Pérez Martel, José María. "La tradición clásica en La Música de Tomás de Iriarte." Fortunatae. Revista Canaria de Filología, Cultura y Humanidades Clásicas, no. 32 (2020): 557–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.25145/j.fortunat.2020.32.37.

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The didactic poem The Music of the canarian fabulist Tomás de Iriarte (1750-1791) contains numerous references to the classical languages and their culture.They are an excellent example of the rich humanistic culture and knowledge of ancient and modern languages that Iriarte treasured. In this paper we analyze his treatment of characters and topics from the history literature and mythology of Greece and Rome, and the way in which he pours his extensive knowledge of the classical languages into a work, now forgotten, but which gained him international recognition as a great musical theorist and constitutes a worthy sample of the eighteenth-century didactic literature

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Hausken, Kjell. "Exhaustive Classification and Review of Techniques and Research Program for Techniques for Skate Skiing, Classical Skiing, and Ski Mountaineering." Open Sports Sciences Journal 10, no. 1 (October 31, 2017): 160–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1875399x01710010160.

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Background:Scattered analysis of some cross country skiing techniques is present in the literature.Objective:To provide an exhaustive classification and systematic overview of techniques in cross country skiing.Method:This paper classifies six techniques for skate skiing (gliding diagonal skate skiing G1, paddling G2, double dance G3, two skate G4, marathon skate, combiskate G5), four techniques for classical skiing (running diagonal stride RUN DS, diagonal stride DS, double poling kick DK, and double poling DP), five techniques for both skate skiing and classical skiing (herringbone HB, side-stepping G6, low tuck G7, plowing, skidding), and five techniques for steep terrain ski mountaineering. Classification occurs according to degrees of inclination of the terrain, speed ranges, whether the technique is propulsive or for downhill velocity control/turning, frequency of time applied, and literature references. Furthermore, techniques depend on snow conditions, friction, competition, training, wind, positioning within a race, the skier’s expertise, exhaustion level, acceleration, deceleration,etc.Results:Techniques can influence who wins races in cross-country skiing. Reasons for technique changes are provided, exemplified with technique changes through terrains with different inclines. Literature references are given for inclines and speeds for the various techniques.Conclusion:Essential for maturing skiers are the frequency and quality by which the six techniques for skate skiing, four techniques for classical skiing, and five techniques for both styles except mountaineering, are trained, when to use them, how and in which sequence they are introduced, and adequate supplementary training (e.g.crunches for double poling DP). A research program is sketched.

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Raj. A, Resmy, and Chitra M. Gawande. "A CONCEPTUAL STUDY TO UNDERSTAND THE PHYSIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE OF SHUKRA DHATU." International Ayurvedic Medical Journal 8, no. 7 (July 18, 2020): 3930–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.46607/iamj0807182020.

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Ayurveda is the ‘Science of Life’ and its aim is to maintain healthy status of healthy living being, i.e. pre-vention and treatment of disease. As per Ayurvedic Science, Purusha consists of three Dosha, seven Dhatu and three Mala which are the primary basis of living body. Dhatu are those which give support and strength to the body. Shukra is the seventh Dhatu, which is responsible for all systemic body activities in-cluding metabolic functions and performs specific functions of reproduction. According to Acharya Vagbhata and Charaka, Shukra is one which responsible for the process of Garbhotpadana (reproduc-tion). According to Susrutha, Shukra provides courage, nourishment, happiness, strength and production of offspring. Main objective of this study is to review the conceptual facts of Shukra Dhatu from different classical Ayurveda texts and to analyse the physiological perspective about the same. In this article, the classical references related to Shukra Dhatu is collected and tried to correlate the concept with modern physiological entities. From the available references in the Samhitas, Shukra Dhatu can be better co related to sperm along with semen, sex hormones (oestrogen, androgen etc.), and sex chromosome.

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Angadi, Ravindra, Shridhara Bairy, and Sunil Kumar KN. "Preparation of Tuvaraka Taila by classical method and quality specifications thereon." Journal of Phytopharmacology 4, no. 3 (June 25, 2015): 152–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.31254/phyto.2015.4305.

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Seed oil extracted from matured fruits of Hydnocarpus pentandra known as Tuvaraka taila is one among the most trusted Ayurvedic treatment for all types of kushtha roga (skin diseases). The oil also known as chaulmoogra oil is a potential healer in modern therapeutics also. H. pentandra is an evergreen deciduous tree found in the Western Ghats. Extraction of the oil from dry seeds of Tuvaraka has been well documented in classical references. Proper extraction of oil from the seeds is essential to promote its therapeutic use. In this article, standard operating procedure for extraction of Tuvaraka taila and its chemical analysis as per prescribed analytical parameters is reported with suitable discussion. The method of extraction of oil in comination with the chemical analyses thereof will serve as quality control parameters to conclude standard operating procedures for Tuvaraka taila of Ayurveda.

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Macharet, Douglas G., and Mario F. M. Campos. "A survey on routing problems and robotic systems." Robotica 36, no. 12 (August 6, 2018): 1781–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574718000735.

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SUMMARYPlanning paths that are length or time optimized or both is an age-long problem for which numerous approaches have been proposed with varied degree of success depending on the imposed constraints. Among classical instances in the literature, the Traveling Salesman Problem and the Vehicle Routing Problem have been widely studied and frequently considered in the realm of mobile robotics. Understandably, the classical formulation for such problems do not take into account many different issues that arise in real-world scenarios, such as motion constraints and dynamic environments, commonly found in actual robotic systems, and consequently the solutions have been generalized in several ways. In this work, we present a broad and comprehensive review of the classical works and recent breakthroughs regarding the routing techniques ordinarily used in robotic systems and provide references to the most fundamental works in the literature.

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Jovanović, Ivana, and Igor Miljanović. "Modelling Of Flotation Processes By Classical Mathematical Methods – A Review." Archives of Mining Sciences 60, no. 4 (December 1, 2015): 905–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amsc-2015-0059.

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Abstract Flotation process modelling is not a simple task, mostly because of the process complexity, i.e. the presence of a large number of variables that (to a lesser or a greater extent) affect the final outcome of the mineral particles separation based on the differences in their surface properties. The attempts toward the development of the quantitative predictive model that would fully describe the operation of an industrial flotation plant started in the middle of past century and it lasts to this day. This paper gives a review of published research activities directed toward the development of flotation models based on the classical mathematical rules. The description and systematization of classical flotation models were performed according to the available references, with emphasize exclusively given to the flotation process modelling, regardless of the model application in a certain control system. In accordance with the contemporary considerations, models were classified as the empirical, probabilistic, kinetic and population balance types. Each model type is presented through the aspects of flotation modelling at the macro and micro process levels.

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Harrold, George. "Thucydides and Topography: the neglected prevalence and significance of elevated terrain in Classical Greek battles." Journal of Ancient History 9, no. 1 (June 1, 2021): 100–122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jah-2020-0002.

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Abstract This article uses Thucydides’ literary evidence to argue that elevated terrain was prevalent in the battles of the Peloponnesian War, contrary to the orthodox view of the Classical Greek battlefield. This argument has four parts. First, Thucydides’ battles are defined and listed. Second, the references to terrain in these battle accounts are catalogued. Third, this collated data is analysed to demonstrate that elevated terrain was indeed prevalent on the battlefields of the Peloponnesian War. And, fourth, some of the military effects of this elevated terrain are explored.

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Shara, Michael. "Novae in Clusters and Galaxies." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 122 (1990): 42–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100068287.

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My main goal in giving this review is NOT to induce hibernation in the audience. Rather, it is to survey the known cases of erupting classical novae in open and globular clusters, and galaxies external to the Milkey Way. More important, I want to emphasize what these novae in stellar systems can teach us about nova eruptions. In my conclusions I will make a few brief remarks about what we might hope to know about classical novae by the time IAU Symposium #222 occurs (by then Space Telescope will hopefully have been in orbit and producing scientific results for many years!). References to older works may be found in the reviews of Trimble (1980) and Webbink (1980).

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Sutarti, Tatik. "Efforts to Increase Students Reading Interest on Educational Reference Through Classical Guidance and Counseling Experiential Learning Model." JETL (Journal Of Education, Teaching and Learning) 2, no. 1 (March 31, 2017): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.26737/jetl.v2i1.152.

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The objective of the research is improving students’ reading interest on educational references through classical guidance and counseling experiential learning model. The research was carried out at STKIP Pacitan on the second semester in 2016/2017 academic year. The subject of the research was 20 fourth semester students of STKIP Pacitan. The method of the research was Classroom Action Research (CAR). The data was collected through 3 (three) stages namely: data reduction, data presentation, and data conclusion or verification. The research resulted that the use of classical guidance and counseling experiential learning model gave opportunity for students to deliver their ideas related with the problems in reading interest, and then, being solved together through critical thinking.

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Moormann, Eric. "De Olympische Spelen van 1936 en de Duitse aanspraken op het antieke Griekenland." Lampas 54, no. 2 (January 1, 2021): 270–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/lam2021.2.006.moor.

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Abstract The modern Olympic Games started with a modest, but international event in Athens in 1896, the result of a long preparation process launched by Baron De Coubertin. Some ancient elements were included, but as a whole these and subsequent Olympics were purely modern manifestations. Several classical references in the modern games were only introduced in the 1936 games which took place in a sinister Nazi Berlin. Here the organizers, in the context of a temporarily international and ‘open to the world’ national socialism, connected classical antiquity to contemporary ideology and instrumentalized ancient body culture as expressions of the ideology of Aryanism and German superiority. These claims of the Nazi games on antiquity form the subject of this contribution.

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Sinclair, GB. "Stress singularities in classical elasticity—II: Asymptotic identification." Applied Mechanics Reviews 57, no. 5 (September 1, 2004): 385–439. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1767846.

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This review article (Part II) is a sequel to an earlier one (Part I) that dealt with means of removal and interpretation of stress singularities in elasticity, as well as their asymptotic and numerical analysis. It reviews contributions to the literature that have actually effected asymptotic identifications of possible stress singularities for specific configurations. For the most part, attention is focused on 2D elastostatic configurations with constituent materials being homogeneous and isotropic. For such configurations, the following types of stress singularity are identified: power singularities with both real and complex exponents, logarithmic intensification of power singularities with real exponents, pure logarithmic singularities, and log-squared singularities. These identifications are reviewed for the in-plane loading of angular elastic plates comprised of a single material in Section 2, and for such plates comprised of multiple materials in Section 3. In Section 4, singularity identifications are examined for the out-of-plane shear of elastic wedges comprised of single and multiple materials, and for the out-of-plane bending of elastic plates within the context of classical and higher-order theory. A review of stress singularities identified for other geometries is given in Section 5, axisymmetric and 3D configurations being considered. A limited examination of the stress singularities identified for other field equations is given as well in Section 5. The paper closes with an overview of the status of singularity identification within elasticity. This Part II of the review has 227 references.

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Abbasi, Muhammad Zubair. "The Classical Islamic Law of Waqf: A Concise Introduction." Arab Law Quarterly 26, no. 2 (2012): 121–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157302512x629124.

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Abstract The purpose of this article is to provide a concise and brief introduction to the classical Islamic law of waqf. This study is based on the Fiqh literature of four Sunni schools of thought. The primary focus is on the Ḥanafī Fiqh, however, representative texts of the other schools have also been taken into account. There are three major findings in this article. First, the law contained in Fiqh texts is incomplete because it does not encompass ʿurf (custom) and qānūn (imperial decrees). Custom is recognised in these texts in support of Fiqh, but qānūn is totally missing despite references to the power of rulers regarding certain provisions of waqf law. Second, the legal theory is inconsistent, as the majority of jurists hold that the ownership of a founder terminates with the creation of a waqf. However, not only the founder and his legal heirs maintain a limited proprietary interest in waqf property; the waqf also dissolves with the apostasy of its founder. Third, family awqāf (pl. of waqf) come into direct conflict with the law of inheritance and the law of gifts. However, the testamentary waqf and waqf during terminal illness are subservient to inheritance law, and jurists have tried to harmonise waqf law with inheritance law whenever an opportunity arose.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Classical references'

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