To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Classical theory of tests.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Classical theory of tests'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Classical theory of tests.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Abdelfattah, Faisal A. "RESPONSE LATENCY EFFECTS ON CLASSICAL AND ITEM RESPONSE THEORY PARAMETERS USING DIFFERENT SCORING PROCEDURES." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1179851182.
Full text
2
Frye, Christopher. "Modification to Einstein's field equations imposed by string theory and consequences for the classical tests of general relativity." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/852.
Full textAbstract:
String theory imposes slight modifications to Einstein's equations of general relativity (GR). In (4), the authors claim that the gravitational field equations in empty space, which in GR are just R [subscript greek letters mu nu ] = 0, should hold one extra term which is first order in the string constant [alpha'] and proportional to the Riemann curvature tensor squared. They do admit, however, that this simple modification is just schematic. In (1) the authors use modified equations which are coupled to the dilation field. We show that equations given in (4) do not admit an isotropic solution; justification of these equations would require sacrificing isotropy. We thus investigate the consequences of the coupled equations from (1) and the black-hole solution they give there. We calculate the additional perihelion precession of Mercury, the added deflection of photons by the sun, and the extra gravitational redshift which should be present if these equations hold. We determine that additional effects due to string theory in each of these cases are quite minuscule.B.S.
Bachelors
Sciences
Physics
3
Courville, Troy Gerard. "An empirical comparison of item response theory and classical test theory item/person statistics." Diss., Texas A&M University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/1064.
Full textAbstract:
In the theory of measurement, there are two competing measurement frameworks, classical test theory and item response theory. The present study empirically examined, using large scale norm-referenced data, how the item and person statistics behaved under the two competing measurement frameworks. The study focused on two central themes: (1) How comparable are the item and person statistics derived from the item response and classical test framework? (2) How invariant are the item statistics from each measurement framework across examinee samples? The findings indicate that, in a variety of conditions, the two measurement frameworks produce similar item and person statistics. Furthermore, although proponents of item response theory have centered their arguments for its use on the property of invariance, classical test theory statistics, for this sample, are just as invariant.
4
Yoon, Young-Beol. "A Comparative Analysis of Two Forms of Gyeonggi English Communicative Ability Test Based on Classical Test Theory and Item Response Theory." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2012. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3153.
Full textAbstract:
This study is an empirical analysis of the 2009 and 2010 forms of the Gyeonggi English Communicative Ability Test (GECAT) based on the responses of 2,307 students to the 2009 GECAT and 2,907 students to the 2010 GECAT. The GECAT is an English proficiency examination sponsored by the Gyeonggi Provincial Office of Education (GOE) in South Korea. This multiple-choice test has been administered annually at the end of each school year to high school students since 2004 as a measure of the students' ability to communicate in English. From 2004 until 2009, the test included 80 multiple-choice items, but in 2010, the length of the test was decreased to include only 50 items. The purpose of this study was to compare the psychometric properties of the 80-item 2009 form of the test with the psychometric properties of the shorter 50-item test using both Classical Test Theory item analysis statistics and parameter estimates obtained from 3-PL Item Response Theory. Cronbach's alpha coefficient for both forms was estimated to be .92 indicating that the overall reliability of the scores obtained from the two different test forms was essentially equivalent. For most of the six linguistic subdomains, the average classical item difficulty indexes were very similar across the two forms. The average of the classical item discrimination indexes were also quite similar for the 2009 80-item test and the 50-item 2010 test. However, 13 of the 2009 items and 3 of the 2010 had point biserial correlations with either negative or lower than acceptable positive values. A distracter analysis was conducted for each of these items with less than acceptable discriminating power as a basis to revise them. Total information functions of 6 subdomain tests (speaking, listening, reading, writing, vocabulary and grammar) showed that most of the test information functions of the 2009 GECAT were peaked at the ability level of around 0.9 < θ < 1.5, while those of the 2010 GECAT were peaked at the ability level of around 0.0 θ < 0.6. Recommendations for improving the GECAT and conducting future research are included.
5
Scales, Michael J. "Examinee control of item order effects on latent trait model and classical model test statistics." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/29353.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study was to determine what effect changes in the item order had on classical and on latent trait test statistics. As well, comparisons were made between students who were allowed to answer the questions in any order, and students who were required to answer the questions In the order presented in the test booklet. The results were then analyzed using the student's ability level as an additional independent factor.
Four different formats of a forty item mathematics test were used with 590 students in grade eight. Half of the booklets had the items sequenced from easiest to hardest. The other booklets were sequenced from hardest to easiest. In addition, half of the tests of each sequence had special directions which prevented students from altering the given item difficulty sequence. The classroom teachers provided a rating of each student's ability in mathematics.
The order of the items was found to have a significant effect. Tests which were sequenced from hard to easy had a lower mean score. Although students with test booklets with restrictive directions had lower scores on average, it was not a statistically significant difference. There were no significant interactions found. Classical and latent trait item difficulty statistics showed a high degree of correlation.
It was concluded that under certain circumstances, the order of the items could effect both classical and latent trait statistics. It was also recommended that care should be taken when assumptions are made about parallel forms or local independence.Education, Faculty of
Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education (ECPS), Department of
Graduate
6
Rusch, Thomas, Paul Benjamin Lowry, Patrick Mair, and Horst Treiblmaier. "Breaking Free from the Limitations of Classical Test Theory: Developing and Measuring Information Systems Scales Using Item Response Theory." Elsevier, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2016.06.005.
Full textAbstract:
Information systems (IS) research frequently uses survey data to measure the interplay between technological systems and human beings. Researchers have developed sophisticated procedures to build and validate multi-item scales that measure latent constructs. The vast majority of IS studies uses classical test theory (CTT), but this approach suffers from three major theoretical shortcomings: (1) it assumes a linear relationship between the latent variable and observed scores, which rarely represents the empirical reality of behavioral constructs; (2) the true score can either not be estimated directly or only by making assumptions that are difficult to be met; and (3) parameters such as reliability, discrimination, location, or factor loadings depend on the sample being used. To address these issues, we present item response theory (IRT) as a collection of viable alternatives for measuring continuous latent variables by means of categorical indicators (i.e., measurement variables). IRT offers several advantages: (1) it assumes nonlinear relationships; (2) it allows more appropriate estimation of the true score; (3) it can estimate item parameters independently of the sample being used; (4) it allows the researcher to select items that are in accordance with a desired model; and (5) it applies and generalizes concepts such as reliability and internal consistency, and thus allows researchers to derive more information about the measurement process. We use a CTT approach as well as Rasch models (a special class of IRT models) to demonstrate how a scale for measuring hedonic aspects of websites is developed under both approaches. The results illustrate how IRT can be successfully applied in IS research and provide better scale results than CTT. We conclude by explaining the most appropriate circumstances for applying IRT, as well as the limitations of IRT.
7
Filho, José Inácio da Costa. "Quantum non-Markovianity induced by classical stochastic noise." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/76/76131/tde-10102017-155811/.
Full textAbstract:
One of the main goals of the theory of open quantum systems is to devise methods which help preserve the quantum properties of a system interacting with its environment. One possible pathway to achieve this goal is to use non-Markovian reservoirs, characterized by information backflows and revivals of certain quantum properties. These reservoirs usually require advanced engineering techniques, which may turn their implementation impractical. In this dissertation we propose an alternative technique: the injection of a classical colored noise, which induces the desired quantum non-Markovianity. In order to do that, we investigate the dynamics of a quantum system interacting with its surrounding environment and under the injection of a classical stochastic colored noise. A time-local master equation for the system is derived by using the stochastic wave function formalism and functional calculus. Afterwards, the non-Markovianity of the evolution is detected by using the Andersson, Cresser, Hall and Li measure, which is based on the decay rates of the master equation in canonical Lindblad-like form. Finally, we evaluate the measure for three different colored noises and study the interplay between environment and noise pump necessary to induce quantum non-Markovianity, as well as the energy balance of the system.Um dos objetivos principais da teoria de sistemas quânticos abertos é desenvolver métodos que ajudem a preservar as propriedades quânticas de um sistema interagindo com o ambiente. Um possível caminho para alcançar essa meta é usar reservatórios não-Markovianos, caracterizados por refluxos de informação e renascimento de certas propriedades quânticas. Esses reservatóris geralmente requerem o uso de técnicas avançadas de engenharia, o que pode tornar sua implementação impraticável. Nessa dissertação nós propomos uma técnica alternativa: a injeção de um ruído colorido clássico, o qual induz a desejada não-Markovianidade quântica. De modo a fazer isso, nós investigamos a dinâmica de um sistema quântico interagindo com o ambiente e sob a injeção de um ruído colorido clássico estocástico. Uma equação mestra local no tempo é derivada usando-se do formalismo da função de onda estocástica e de técnicas de cálculo funcional. Após isso, a não-Markovianidade da evolução é detectada através da medida de Andersson, Cresser, Hall e Li, a qual é baseada nos coeficientes da equação mestra na forma de Lindblad-like canônica. Finalmente, nós calculamos a medida para três diferentes ruídos coloridos e estudamos a relação entre o ambiente e o bombeio estocástico necessária para induzir não-Markovianidade quântica, assim como o balanço de energia do sistema.
8
Ertubey, Candan. "Perceived control of academic events in Turkish and English adolescents : comparing classical test theory and item response theory to detect item biases across cultures." Thesis, Goldsmiths College (University of London), 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.298293.
Full text
9
So, Hin-ting Simon, and 蘇顯庭. "Comparison of pile loading test results of instrumented frictional H-piles with predictions from classical theory of pile capacityequations." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B30431657.
Full text
10
Melo, Denise Mendonça de. "Mini Exame do Estado Mental e escolarização: propriedades psicométricas para amostras de idosos." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2016. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/4014.
Full textAbstract:
Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2017-04-10T14:24:23Z
No. of bitstreams: 1
denisemendoncademelo.pdf: 507802 bytes, checksum: c3b5542230bfc09c6418bdaf6d4288e2 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-04-11T11:35:29Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 denisemendoncademelo.pdf: 507802 bytes, checksum: c3b5542230bfc09c6418bdaf6d4288e2 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-11T11:35:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 denisemendoncademelo.pdf: 507802 bytes, checksum: c3b5542230bfc09c6418bdaf6d4288e2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-07
O Mini Exame do Estado Mental (MEEM) é o instrumento de rastreio do status cognitivo mais utilizado no mundo. Apesar de sua relevância, suas propriedades psicométricas não têm sido suficientemente analisadas no Brasil. O objetivo principal desta tese foi analisar as propriedades psicométricas da versão brasileira dessa medida proposta por Brucki et al (2003) com Teoria Clássica dos Testes e com Teoria de Resposta ao Item (TRI), enfatizando a escolaridade. Para tanto, foram desenvolvidos dois estudos. Antes, porém, realizou-se uma revisão sistemática das pesquisas empíricas indexadas na base de dados SciELO que utilizaram o MEEM com idosos no Brasil (N=74), que identificou 11 versões do MEEM. Mais da metade desses estudos adotou a escolaridade para estabelecer pontos de corte. Constatou-se que as propriedades psicométricas dessa medida têm sido pouco investigadas no país e, consequentemente, faltam padronização e evidências de validade. O segundo estudo teve como objetivo obter evidências de validade baseadas na estrutura interna para essa medida por meio de análise de componentes principais (ACP) e de análise fatorial confirmatória (AFC). Uma amostra de 2734 idosos participantes do estudo FIBRA Unicamp foi pesquisada. Na ACP, uma solução com cinco componentes foi a mais adequada. Quatro modelos de estrutura interna foram testados com AFC. Dois modelos com estrutura multidimensional de cinco fatores e um fator de segunda ordem apresentaram índices de ajuste satisfatórios, o que não ocorreu com o modelo unidimensional. Assim, há evidências de que se trata de uma medida multidimensional. O terceiro estudo apresentou uma análise com TRI para avaliar o funcionamento diferencial dos itens (DIF), a dificuldade e a discriminação dos itens. Constatou-se que quatro itens do sete seriado foram os mais difíceis e os itens nove, 13, 22 e 23, os mais fáceis. O nível de habilidade das pessoas foi maior do que o nível de dificuldade dos itens. Observou-se DIF para escolaridade (27 itens), sexo (18 itens) e idade (16 itens). Conclui-se que o uso do MEEM com idosos da comunidade deve ser cauteloso devido ao grande número de itens enviesados, principalmente pela escolaridade. Em suma, a versão do MEEM analisada apresentou evidências de validade baseadas na estrutura interna, e é fortemente influenciada pela escolaridade.
The Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) is the screening tool of cognitive status most used in the world. Despite its relevance, its psychometric properties have not been sufficiently analyzed in Brazil. The main purpose of this thesis was to analyze the psychometric properties of a Brazilian version of this measure suggested by Brucki et al (2003) with Classical Theory of Tests and Item Response Theory (IRT), emphasizing education. For this, two studies were developed. First, however, there was a systematic review of empirical research indexed in SciELO database that used the MMSE with elderly (N = 74), which identified 11 versions of the MMSE. More than half of these studies adopted the school to establish cutoffs. It was found that the psychometric properties of this measure have been little investigated in the country and, consequently, lack standardization and evidence of validity. The second study aimed to obtain evidence of validity based on the internal structure for this measure by principal component analysis (PCA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). A sample of 2734 elderly participants of the FIBRA Unicamp study was researched. In the PCA, a solution with five components was the most appropriate. Four internal structure models were tested with CFA. Two models with multidimensional structure of five factors and a factor of second order showed satisfactory fit indices, which did not happen with the unidimensional model. Therefore, there is evidence that it is a multidimensional measurement. The third study presents an analysis with IRT to evaluate the differential item functioning (DIF), difficulty and discrimination of the items. It was found that four items of serial seven were the most difficult and the items 9, 13, 22 and 23 were the easiest ones. The skill level of the people was higher than the level of difficulty of the items. There was DIF for education (27 items), sex (18 items) and age (16 items). We conclude that the use of MMSE with community dwelling elderly should be cautious due to the large number of biased items, especially for education. In conclusion, the version of the MMSE analyzed the version of MMSE analyzed obtained validity evidences regarding the internal structure, and is strongly influenced by education.
11
Fitzpatrick, Stephanie L. "Health Knowledge & Health Behavior Outcomes in Adolescents with Elevated Blood Pressure." Scholarly Repository, 2011. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/589.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this current study was to examine the influence of cardiovascular health knowledge on dietary and physical activity changes in 15-17 year olds with elevated blood pressure. The sample consisted of 167 adolescents randomized into one of three treatment conditions (minimal, moderate, or intense). Each adolescent completed a fitness test (peak VO2), 24-hour dietary recall, 7 Day Activity Recall (kilocalories expended per day), Self-efficacy Questionnaire, and Stages of Change Questionnaire every three months. The Health Knowledge Assessment was given at baseline and at post-intervention. Classical test theory, confirmatory factor analysis, and item response theory frameworks were applied to examine psychometric properties of the Health Knowledge Assessment. Structural equation modeling was used to examine the change in health behaviors and the relationship with health knowledge, self-efficacy, and readiness for change. The 34-item Health Knowledge Assessment had good internal consistency and the items loaded onto a single factor at pretest and posttest. Furthermore, there was a good distribution of easy, moderate, and hard items at pretest, but additional hard items were needed at posttest. There were no treatment condition differences in level of health knowledge at pretest. The intense condition had significantly higher health knowledge than the minimal and moderate conditions at posttest; level of health knowledge for the moderate condition was significantly higher than the minimal condition at posttest. Level of nutrition knowledge at posttest was not associated with any of the dietary intake variables nor was level of exercise knowledge associated with the two physical activity variables at post-intervention. However, there was a marginally significant association between level of nutrition knowledge and nutrition self-efficacy at posttest. Nutrition self-efficacy and nutrition readiness for change at posttest were also associated with a decrease in sugar consumption at post-intervention. Implications of this study suggest that a cardiovascular health intervention for adolescents with elevated blood pressure, consisting of group sessions and/or individual sessions over the course of three to six months, was effective in terms of increasing cardiovascular health knowledge, self-efficacy, and readiness for change. Nonetheless, the role that health knowledge plays in health behavior change needs to be further examined.
12
Hankins, Matthew. "The application of Classical Test Theory (CTT) to the development of Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) in health services research." Thesis, University of Brighton, 2009. https://research.brighton.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/d1adf40f-f515-4c42-89d7-713d84a5708c.
Full textAbstract:
Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) are increasingly used in health services research and clinical practice for the quantification of patient experiences, including quality of life, mood (e.g. depression), and satisfaction with services. Such PROMs usually take the form of questionnaires. The underlying measurement model is derived from psychometric theory, specifically Classical Test Theory (CTT). This model requires statistical analysis of questionnaire data to establish the quality of data so collected, with emphasis on the reliability (reproducibility) and validity (domain-specific measurement) of the data.
13
Mair, Patrick, and Horst Treiblmaier. "Partial Credit Models for Scale Construction in Hedonic Information Systems." Department of Statistics and Mathematics, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2008. http://epub.wu.ac.at/1614/1/document.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Information Systems (IS) research frequently uses survey data to measure the interplay between technological systems and human beings. Researchers have developed sophisticated procedures to build and validate multi-item scales that measure real world phenomena (latent constructs). Most studies use the so-called classical test theory (CTT), which suffers from several shortcomings. We first compare CTT to Item Response Theory (IRT) and subsequently apply a Rasch model approach to measure hedonic aspects of websites. The results not only show which attributes are best suited for scaling hedonic information systems, but also introduce IRT as a viable substitute that overcomes severall shortcomings of CTT. (author´s abstract)Series: Research Report Series / Department of Statistics and Mathematics
14
Bradley, Kelly Dee. "Looking at the teaching profession trhough the eyes of the educators : a study of secondary urban school teacher perceptions using classical test theory and item response theory in concurrence /." The Ohio State University, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1486461246814489.
Full text
15
Sousa, Leandro AraÃjo de. "AnÃlise psicomÃtrica dos itens de educaÃÃo fÃsica do Exame Nacional do Ensino MÃdio (ENEM) via teoria clÃssica dos testes." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2017. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=18970.
Full textAbstract:
nÃo hÃNos Ãltimos anos tem crescido a importÃncia das avaliaÃÃes em larga escala no contexto brasileiro, com destaque nesse cenÃrio o Exame Nacional do Ensino MÃdio (ENEM). Com sua reformulaÃÃo em 2009, competÃncias e habilidades da Ãrea de EducaÃÃo FÃsica tÃm sido inseridas na matriz de referÃncia desse exame. Nesse mesmo ano à alterado tambÃm o mÃtodo de anÃlise dos resultados, realizado a partir da Teoria ClÃssica dos Testes (TCT), passando a ser utilizada a Teoria de Resposta ao Item (TRI), sob justificativa de ser mais adequada por permitir a comparabilidade dos resultados. Com isso, esta pesquisa objetivou analisar os itens de EducaÃÃo FÃsica do ENEM dos anos de 2009 a 2014 a partir da TCT. Para tanto, utilizou-se os microdados do exame disponibilizados pelo Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais AnÃsio Teixeira (INEP). Foram analisados os seguintes parÃmetros mÃtricos: validade, fidedignidade, dificuldade e discriminaÃÃo. Utilizou-se como recurso o software SPSS, versÃo 20.0. Os itens apresentaram bons valores de correlaÃÃo e adequaÃÃo da amostra de itens. Apresentaram escores de comunalidade e cargas fatoriais inadequados para composiÃÃo da prova. A AnÃlise Fatorial ExploratÃria apresentou baixa explicaÃÃo da variÃncia considerando apenas um fator, mesmo a anÃlise grÃfica (scree plot) indicando a unidimensionalidade do teste. Os valores de fidedignidade da prova foram bons, nÃo havendo influÃncia dos itens de EducaÃÃo FÃsica. A dificuldade e discriminaÃÃo apresentaram valores aceitÃveis em quase todos os anos. No entanto, em 2014 a prova nÃo apresentou unidimensionalidade, considerando a variÃncia explicada, bem como na anÃlise grÃfica. Neste ano, os itens apresentaram alta dificuldade e baixa discriminaÃÃo. Dessa forma, conclui-se que as provas de Linguagens e CÃdigos do ENEM apresentaram dificuldades de comprovaÃÃo da unidimensionalidade, embora, tenha apresentado boa precisÃo, com exceÃÃo de 2014 e alguns itens de EducaÃÃo FÃsica do exame nÃo apresentaram parÃmetros adequados. Tais fatores podem comprometer a validade da medida e consequentemente dos resultados desse exame.
In recent years the importance of large-scale evaluations in the Brazilian context has grown, with emphasis in this scenario on the National High School Examination (ENEM). With its reformulation in 2009, the skills and abilities of the Physical Education have been inserted in the reference matrix of this exam. In that same year, the method of analysis of the results, based on the Classical Tests Theory (CTT), was also changed, using the Item Response Theory (IRT), under justification of being more adequate to allow the comparability of the Results. With this, this research aimed to analyze the Physical Education items of ENEM from the years 2009 to 2014 from the CTT. For that, we used the microdata of the exam provided by the National Institute of Studies and Educational Research AnÃsio Teixeira (INEP). The following metric parameters were analyzed: validity, reliability, difficulty and discrimination. SPSS software version 20.0 was used as a resource. The items presented good correlation values and adequacy of the item sample. They presented scores of commonality and factorial loads inadequate for the composition of the test. The Exploratory Factor Analysis presented low explanation of the variance considering only one factor, even the scree plot indicating that the test is unidimensionality. The reliability values of the test were good, with no influence of physical education items. The difficulty and discrimination presented values acceptable in almost every year. However, in 2014 the test did not present unidimensionality, considering the explained variance, as well as in the graphic analysis. This year, the items presented high difficulty and low discrimination. Thus, it is concluded that the Language and Codes tests of the ENEM presented difficulties in proving the unidimensionality, although it presented good accuracy, with the exception of 2014 and some Physical Education items of the exam did not present adequate parameters. Such factors may compromise the validity of the measure and consequently the results of such examination.
16
Sousa, Leandro Araujo de. "Análise psicométrica dos itens de educação física do Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio (ENEM) via Teoria Clássica dos Testes." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2017. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/22251.
Full textAbstract:
SOUSA, Leandro Araujo de. Análise psicométrica dos itens de educação física do Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio (ENEM) via Teoria Clássica dos Testes. 2017. 69f. – Dissertação (Mestrado) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Programa de Pós-graduação em Educação Brasileira, Fortaleza (CE), 2017.Submitted by Gustavo Daher (gdaherufc@hotmail.com) on 2017-03-17T13:08:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2017_dis_lasousa.pdf: 765171 bytes, checksum: 136d56a7eae5ae977bedd331d9f77052 (MD5)
Approved for entry into archive by Márcia Araújo (marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-03-20T12:22:25Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2017_dis_lasousa.pdf: 765171 bytes, checksum: 136d56a7eae5ae977bedd331d9f77052 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-20T12:22:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2017_dis_lasousa.pdf: 765171 bytes, checksum: 136d56a7eae5ae977bedd331d9f77052 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017
In recent years the importance of large-scale evaluations in the Brazilian context has grown, with emphasis in this scenario on the National High School Examination (ENEM). With its reformulation in 2009, the skills and abilities of the Physical Education have been inserted in the reference matrix of this exam. In that same year, the method of analysis of the results, based on the Classical Tests Theory (CTT), was also changed, using the Item Response Theory (IRT), under justification of being more adequate to allow the comparability of the Results. With this, this research aimed to analyze the Physical Education items of ENEM from the years 2009 to 2014 from the CTT. For that, we used the microdata of the exam provided by the National Institute of Studies and Educational Research Anísio Teixeira (INEP). The following metric parameters were analyzed: validity, reliability, difficulty and discrimination. SPSS software version 20.0 was used as a resource. The items presented good correlation values and adequacy of the item sample. They presented scores of commonality and factorial loads inadequate for the composition of the test. The Exploratory Factor Analysis presented low explanation of the variance considering only one factor, even the scree plot indicating that the test is unidimensionality. The reliability values of the test were good, with no influence of physical education items. The difficulty and discrimination presented values acceptable in almost every year. However, in 2014 the test did not present unidimensionality, considering the explained variance, as well as in the graphic analysis. This year, the items presented high difficulty and low discrimination. Thus, it is concluded that the Language and Codes tests of the ENEM presented difficulties in proving the unidimensionality, although it presented good accuracy, with the exception of 2014 and some Physical Education items of the exam did not present adequate parameters. Such factors may compromise the validity of the measure and consequently the results of such examination.
Nos últimos anos tem crescido a importância das avaliações em larga escala no contexto brasileiro, com destaque nesse cenário o Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio (ENEM). Com sua reformulação em 2009, competências e habilidades da área de Educação Física têm sido inseridas na matriz de referência desse exame. Nesse mesmo ano é alterado também o método de análise dos resultados, realizado a partir da Teoria Clássica dos Testes (TCT), passando a ser utilizada a Teoria de Resposta ao Item (TRI), sob justificativa de ser mais adequada por permitir a comparabilidade dos resultados. Com isso, esta pesquisa objetivou analisar os itens de Educação Física do ENEM dos anos de 2009 a 2014 a partir da TCT. Para tanto, utilizou-se os microdados do exame disponibilizados pelo Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais Anísio Teixeira (INEP). Foram analisados os seguintes parâmetros métricos: validade, fidedignidade, dificuldade e discriminação. Utilizou-se como recurso o software SPSS, versão 20.0. Os itens apresentaram bons valores de correlação e adequação da amostra de itens. Apresentaram escores de comunalidade e cargas fatoriais inadequados para composição da prova. A Análise Fatorial Exploratória apresentou baixa explicação da variância considerando apenas um fator, mesmo a análise gráfica (scree plot) indicando a unidimensionalidade do teste. Os valores de fidedignidade da prova foram bons, não havendo influência dos itens de Educação Física. A dificuldade e discriminação apresentaram valores aceitáveis em quase todos os anos. No entanto, em 2014 a prova não apresentou unidimensionalidade, considerando a variância explicada, bem como na análise gráfica. Neste ano, os itens apresentaram alta dificuldade e baixa discriminação. Dessa forma, conclui-se que as provas de Linguagens e Códigos do ENEM apresentaram dificuldades de comprovação da unidimensionalidade, embora, tenha apresentado boa precisão, com exceção de 2014 e alguns itens de Educação Física do exame não apresentaram parâmetros adequados. Tais fatores podem comprometer a validade da medida e consequentemente dos resultados desse exame.
17
Xie, Huichao. "Adapting and Validating a Parent-Completed Assessment: A Cross-Cultural Study of the Ages & Stages Questionnaires: INVENTORY in China and the United States." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/20679.
Full textAbstract:
The Chinese government has announced the 2013 Guidelines for developing a national system for early detection of disability among children under 6 years of age. However, given limited resources, challenges exist with developmental measures required in the 2013 Guidelines. In order to meet the needs for a more accurate and cost-efficient measure for developmental assessment, the Ages & Stages Questionnaires:INVENTORY was translated into Simplified Chinese, and validated on a regional sample of 812 Chinese children ages from 1-25 months. Psychometric properties were examined; data from previous studies on the ASQ:INVENTORY in the U.S. were compared to identify differences between the two countries. Results indicated that the Chinese ASQ:INVENTORY was an instrument with sufficient internal consistency, reliability and validity. It was well accepted by parents and professionals in China. Findings suggested that the Chinese ASQ:INVENTORY provides a promising alternative measure for screening and diagnosing developmental delays in young children in China. Implications for future research and implementation are discussed.
18
Burga, León Andrés. "The unidimensionality of a measurement instrument: A factorial perspective." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/100447.
Full textAbstract:
This article explains what we mean by the unidimensionality of a measurement instrument, therefore we present some definitions and theoretical contributions about this subject. Factor analysis is proposed as one of the many methods for assessing the unidimensionality of a measurement instrument. The use of Pearson correlations matrices on item-level factor analysis is identified as an important problem. Those correlations are problematic because items didn’t carry out the necessary assumptions in order to apply the Pearson correlation: interval-level measurement and normal distribution of the variable. As an alternative we propose and exemplify the use of tetrachoric and polychoric correlations.Este artículo explica qué es lo que implica la unidimensionalidad de un instrumento de medición. Para ello se presentan algunas definiciones y aportes teóricos sobre el tema. Luego, el análisis factorial es propuesto como uno de los métodos para evaluar la dimensionalidad de un instrumento de medición. Se señala como un problema importante el uso de las matrices de correlaciones de Pearson en los análisis factoriales a nivel de ítems. Estas correlaciones son problemáticas porque los ítems no cumplen con los supuestos necesarios para aplicar la correlación de Pearson: nivel de medición de intervalo y distribución normal de la variable. Como alternativa se postula y ejemplifica el uso de las correlaciones tetracóricas y policóricas.
19
Pêgas, Luiz Henrique Pereira. "Grupoides de Lie e o teorema de Noether na formulação lagrangiana da teoria clássica de campos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/45/45132/tde-07112014-152249/.
Full textAbstract:
O objetivo desta tese é oferecer um arcabouço que permita a modelagem de simetrias em fibrados suaves, que possuam um bom comportamento local. Para tanto, usa-se ferramentas de grupoides de Lie e correlatas, com a finalidade de reduzir, quando possível, simetrias dadas pela ação de um grupo diferenciável, possivelmente de dimensão infinita, sobre um fibrado suave, a problemas em dimensão finita. Uma definição de invariância de uma forma diferencial, definida no espaço total de um fibrado suave, sob a ação de um grupoide de Lie, é apresentada e desenvolvida. A seguir, discute-se estas ferramentas no contexto da formulação lagrangiana da teoria clássica de campos com o objetivo de descrever, simultaneamente, simetrias internas e no espaço-tempo, de maneira unificada. Obtém-se então, nesta linguagem, alguns objetos de estudo centrais da teoria, como os teoremas de Noether e, no caso das teorias de calibre, os teoremas de acoplamento mínimo e Utiyama. Por fim, discute-se brevemente o caso de simetrias a menos de elementos de contato e divergências totais.The aim of this thesis is to provide a framework that allows the modelling of symmetries in smooth fibre bundles which have good local behaviour. For that, we use Lie groupoids and related tools in order to reduce, whenever possible, symmetries given by the action of a possibly infinite dimensional differentiable group on a smooth fibre bundle to finite dimensional problems. We give a definition of invariance of a differential form, defined on the total space of a fibre bundle, by the action of a Lie groupoid. Then, we discuss these tools in the case of a Lagrangian classical field theory to describe internal and space-time symmetries simultaneously, in a unified way. With this language, we get some central objects of the theory such as Noether\'s theorems and, in the case of gauge theories, the minimal coupling and Utiyama\'s theorems. Lastly, we briefly discuss the case of symmetries up to contact elements and a total divergence.
20
Murphy, Raegan. "Exploring a meta-theoretical framework for dynamic assessment and intelligence." Thesis, Pretoria : [s.n.], 2007. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-09302007-162044.
Full text
21
Amaral, Marisa Silva. "Teorias do imperialismo e da dependência: a atualização necessária ante a financeirização do capitalismo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12140/tde-09102012-174024/.
Full textAbstract:
Três eixos de discussão são propostos neste trabalho. O primeiro é o de que, especialmente a partir dos anos 1970-1980, dado o ganho de hegemonia da estratégia neoliberal de desenvolvimento, o capitalismo teria ingressado numa nova fase. Entre todas as teorias desenvolvidas a fim de defender esta proposta, destacam-se aquelas que dão especial atenção ao aspecto financeiro das transformações recentes na dinâmica capitalista, enfatizando a importância histórica assumida pela valorização fictícia do capital neste período. Daí emerge o segundo eixo, com a compreensão de que tal desenvolvimento do sistema capitalista - no sentido de processualidade e não de avanço - leva a uma redefinição/ampliação daqueles que seriam os traços essenciais do imperialismo contemporâneo, constituindo-se, por isso, uma nova fase do imperialismo. Neste sentido, estaríamos ainda sob as bases de um imperialismo capitalista, embora o \"imperialismo contemporâneo\" deva ser entendido como uma complexificação do \"imperialismo clássico\". Dito isto, insurge o terceiro eixo de discussão: entendendo a teoria da dependência como um complemento necessário às teses do imperialismo, se temos uma nova fase do capitalismo e uma nova fase do imperialismo, temos também, necessariamente, uma nova fase da dependência. A presente proposta de pesquisa tem como objeto, portanto, uma tentativa de perceber como a dependência, assumida na perspectiva da teoria marxista da dependência, se estabelece nos marcos dessa nova fase ou no interior da lógica de valorização capitalista atual.Three axes of discussion are proposed in this paper. The first is that, especially from the years 1970-1980, considering the gain of hegemony of the neoliberal strategy of development, capitalism is undergoing substantial changes in its form of organization and operation and, therefore, would have entered in a new phase. Among all the theories developed in order to defend this proposal, we highlight those that give special attention to the financial aspect of the recent transformations in capitalist dynamics, emphasizing the historical importance assumed by fictitious valuation of capital in this period. Thus emerges the second axis, with the understanding that such development of the capitalist system - in the sense of process, not improvement - leads to a redefinition/expansion of those that would be the essential features of contemporary imperialism, constituting therefore a new phase of imperialism. In this sense, we are still under the foundations of a capitalist imperialism, even though the \"contemporary imperialism\" should be understood as a complexification of \"classical imperialism\". That said it arises the third point: understanding the Dependency Theory as a necessary complement to the theories of imperialism, if we have a new phase of capitalism and a new phase of imperialism, it seems fair to say that we have also, necessarily, a new phase of dependence. The proposed research aims, therefore, an attempt to understand how the dependence, assumed by the standpoint of Marxist Dependence Theory, is established within the framework of this new phase or within the current capitalist logic of valorization.
22
Silva, Monia Aparecida da. "Construção e estudo de evidências de validade e fidedignidade do inventário dimensional de avaliação do desenvolvimento infantil." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/173315.
Full textAbstract:
A prevalência de crianças com atrasos no desenvolvimento em um ou mais domínios varia entre 16 e 18% na literatura, mas estima-se que apenas 30% dos casos são detectados pelos profissionais de saúde. Em parte, este déficit na detecção se deve à falta de utilização de instrumentos de avaliação ou rastreio. No contexto brasileiro são poucos os instrumentos disponíveis para avaliar desenvolvimento infantil e, além disso, os que existem apresentam limitações. A presente tese teve como objetivo construir o Inventário Dimensional de Avaliação do Desenvolvimento Infantil (IDADI) para avaliação de crianças de zero a 72 meses com base no relato parental. Para a construção do IDADI, foram realizados três estudos. O Estudo I consistiu em uma revisão sistemática da literatura para identificar os instrumentos mais utilizados na avaliação dos marcos do desenvolvimento infantil e suas propriedades psicométricas. Ele forneceu as bases para a seleção dos domínios que integram o IDADI e para a construção de itens. O Estudo II realizou os procedimentos teóricos e metodológicos de construção do IDADI e a análise de evidências de validade de conteúdo. O Estudo III analisou as evidências de validade da estrutura interna do IDADI, a fidedignidade e as evidências de validade baseadas na relação com variáveis critério. Foram utilizados pressupostos da Teoria Clássica dos Testes e da psicometria moderna com a aplicação do modelo de Rasch. O processo de construção foi guiado com o rigor teórico e metodológico indicado pela literatura e apresentou evidências favoráveis de validade de conteúdo. Também foram comprovadas evidências de validade baseadas na estrutura interna, na relação com variáveis critério e de fidedignidade. Estes resultados fortalecem o potencial do IDADI para avaliação multidimensional do desenvolvimento infantil no contexto brasileiro, tanto na clínica como na pesquisa. Estudos futuros serão realizados para elaboração de normas de interpretação, de um inventário breve para utilização em programas de atenção infantil e de uma versão de tarefas para avaliação direta da criança.The prevalence of children with developmental delays in one or more domains varies between 16 and 18% according to the literature, but it is estimated that only 30% of cases are detected by health professionals. In part, this deficit in detection is due to the lack of use of assessment or screening instruments. In the Brazilian context, there are few instruments available to evaluate child development, and, in addition, those that exist have some limitations. The purpose of this dissertation was to construct the Dimensional Inventory of Child Development Assessment (IDADI) to evaluate children from zero to 72 months based on parental report. For the construction of IDADI, three studies were carried out. Study I consisted of a systematic review of the literature to identify the most used instruments in assessing child developmental milestones and their psychometric properties. It has provided the basis for the selection of the domains that integrate IDADI and for the items construction. Study II have performed the theoretical and methodological procedures for the construction of IDADI and the analysis of content validity evidences. Study III have analyzed the evidences of validity for the internal structure of IDADI, reliability and validity evidences based on the relation with criterion variables. We used the assumptions of the Classical Test Theory and modern psychometric methods with the application of the Rasch model. The construction process was guided with theoretical and methodological rigor indicated by the literature and has demonstrated favorable evidences of content validity. Evidences of validity based on internal structure, criterion-related validity and reliability were established. These results reinforce the potential of IDADI for multidimensional assessment of child development in the Brazilian context, both in clinical and research contexts. Future studies will be conducted to stablish norms for interpretation, to create a short version for use in child care programs and a child direct assessment version including developmental tasks.
23
Henchy, Alexandra Marie. "REVIEW AND EVALUATION OF RELIABILITY GENERALIZATION RESEARCH." UKnowledge, 2013. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/edp_etds/5.
Full textAbstract:
Reliability Generalization (RG) is a meta-analytic method that examines the sources of measurement error variance for scores for multiple studies that use a certain instrument or group of instruments that measure the same construct (Vacha-Haase, Henson, & Caruso, 2002). Researchers have been conducting RG studies for over 10 years since it was first discussed by Vacha-Haase (1998). Henson and Thompson (2002) noted that, as RG is not a monolithic technique; researchers can conduct RG studies in a variety of ways and include diverse variables in their analyses. Differing recommendations exist in regards to how researchers should retrieve, code, and analyze information when conducting RG studies and these differences can affect the conclusions drawn from meta-analytic studies (Schmidt, Oh, & Hayes, 2009) like RG. The present study is the first comprehensive review of both current RG practices and RG recommendations. Based upon the prior research findings of other meta-analytic review papers (e.g., Dieckmann, Malle, & Bodner 2009), the overarching hypothesis was that there would be differences between current RG practices and best practice recommendations made for RG studies.
Data consisted of 64 applied RG studies and recommendation papers, book chapters, and unpublished papers/conference papers. The characteristics that were examined included how RG researchers: (a) collected studies, (b) organized studies, (c) coded studies, (d) analyzed their data, and (e) reported their results.
The results showed that although applied RG researchers followed some of the recommendations (e.g., RG researchers examined sample characteristics that influenced reliability estimates), there were some recommendations that RG researchers did not follow (e.g., the majority of researchers did not conduct an a priori power analysis). The results can draw RG researchers’ attentions to areas where there is a disconnect between practice and recommendations as well as provide a benchmark for assessing future improvement in RG implementation.
24
Arnhold, Martin. "Počítačové adaptivní testování pro ověřování gramotnosti žáků na základě teorie odpovědi na položku." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-15626.
Full textAbstract:
The paper deals with the current perspective of computer aided assessment of students, particularly with computer adaptive testing based on Item Response Theory. Although this testing method has become a world standard, in the Czech Republic it is still, unfortunately, rarely used. The aim of this paper is to describe the current state of the testing techniques used and to create a functional dll library, which will provide basic functionality needed for successful launching of a Web interface for computer adaptive testing of students. In addition, the library should serve as a support to authors in developing tests based on Item Response Theory. The first part provides a basic description of educational assessment methods currently used, and gives an insight into the matters of creating professional testing tools. Other chapters depict the operation of Classical Test Theory, which is now used as a cornerstone of the test development, and further it presents Item Response Theory, as a possible successor to the Classical theory. Both theories described are compared at the end. The second part of the paper is then divided into a theoretical part, which describes the possibility of computer adaptive testing, gives and overview of its origins and development, presents essential forms, and highlights the advantages and disadvantages of this testing method. The practical part contains illustrative examples and descriptions of the methods enabled by the presented dll library.
25
Merino, Martin Nelson Hernani. "Suscetibilidade para a cultura de consumo global sob a ótica de marcas globais: um estudo de características comuns entre culturas baseado na teoria clássica e na teoria de resposta ao item." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12139/tde-03042014-201746/.
Full textAbstract:
Mais da metade da população no mundo vive em povoados e cidades. Estes lugares correspondem àqueles que têm sido imediata e diretamente influenciados pela globalização. Nesse cenário, muitas empresas multinacionais estão alterando seus portfólios de marcas em favor de marcas globais; essa situação faz com que surja o conceito de cultura de consumo global - conjunto de símbolos relacionados ao consumo e comportamentos que são comumente entendidos, mas não, necessariamente, compartilhados pelos consumidores e negócios ao redor do mundo. Isso dependeria da suscetibilidade para a cultura de consumo global (SCCG), uma característica ou traço latente dos consumidores que varia através dos indivíduos e é refletido no desejo dos consumidores ou tendências para a aquisição e uso de marcas globais. Esse traço, pela literatura revisada, compreenderia a conformidade com a tendência de consumo global, percepção de qualidade, prestígio social, responsabilidade social, credibilidade de marca, risco percebido e custo de informação armazenada. É nesse contexto, portanto, que se insere a presente tese, ao caracterizar e verificar o impacto dos traços latentes da suscetibilidade para a cultura de consumo global (SCCG) de consumidores em distintas culturas (países) na aquisição de marcas globais. A pesquisa empírica consistiu de um survey com uso de questionário pela Internet, direcionado a estudantes universitários e profissionais procedentes de carreiras de ciências empresariais em distintos países. Os dados, um total de 467 questionários válidos, foram analisados sob duas abordagens metodológicas: (1) Teoria Clássica dos Testes (TCT) e (2) Teoria de Resposta ao Item (TRI). Ambas as abordagens justificadas pelos constantes questionamentos, identificados na literatura, ao uso de técnicas estatísticas aplicadas a escalas assumidas como intervalares, mas que na realidade são ordinais (tipo Likert). Os resultados foram divididos em três partes. A primeira, ao nível do modelo de mensuração, constou a relação positiva dos construtos subjacentes ao construto de SCCG. A segunda, ao nível do modelo estrutural, verificou que o construto de SCCG antecede a intenção de compra de uma marca global. Por fim, em terceiro lugar, sob a abordagem da TRI, escolhida por apresentar maiores vantagens sobre a TCT, constatou-se que não existem efeitos invariantes nas relações do framework proposto quando comparados quatro países, mas sim existem, em alguns casos, quando comparados pares de países. De forma geral, a presente tese traz uma contribuição teórica-empírica ao propor um framework mensurável da suscetibilidade para a cultura de consumo global, que reflete o desejo dos consumidores para adquirir e usar marcas globais. A tese é finalizada com a descrição das conclusões, implicações, limitações e direcionamentos futuros sobre o framework proposto e salienta a utilização da abordagem TRI como complemento à abordagem da TCT, amplamente usada em pesquisa sobre o comportamento do consumidor.More than half of the world population lives in towns and cities which have been directly and immediately influenced by globalization. In this scenario, many multinational companies are changing their brand portfolios in favor of global brands. This situation arises the concept of global consumer culture - a set of symbols related to consumption and behaviors that are commonly understood, but not necessarily shared, by consumers and businesses around the world. This concept depends on the susceptibility to global consumer culture (SCCG), a characteristic or latent trait of consumers that varies across individuals and is reflected in the consumers willingness or trends to purchase and consume global brands. According to the literature reviewed, this trait is related to the trend of global consumption, quality perception, social prestige, social responsibility, brand credibility, perceived risk and cost of information stored. It is in this context that this thesis will distinguish and verify the impact of latent traits of the susceptibility to global consumer culture (SCCG) of consumers from different cultures (countries) in the acquisition of global brands. For this purpose, a questionnaire was administered via the Internet, through a snowball sampling, aimed at students and business professionals from different countries. The data, a total of 467 valid questionnaires were analyzed under two approaches: (1) Classical Test Theory (CTT) and Item Response Theory (IRT). Both are justified by the constant literature questioning about the use of statistical techniques applied to scales assumed to be interval, but which in reality are ordinal (Likert). The results were divided into three parts. The first one, at the level of the measurement model, it was found a positive relationship between the subjacent constructs to the SCCG construct. The second one, at the structural model level, found that the SCCG construct precedes the global brand purchase intention. Finally, the TRI approach was chosen because it presents major advantages over the TCT, as there is no invariant effects on the framework relations proposed compared to the four countries, but there are some cases when compared to pairs of countries. Overall, this thesis provides a theoretical and empirical contribution due to a measurable framework of the susceptibility to global consumption culture, which reflects consumers\' desire to acquire and use global brands. The thesis concludes stating the findings, implications, limitations and future directions of the proposed framework and emphasizes the use of the IRT approach as a complement to the TCT approach, widely used in consumer behavior.
26
Campos, Fernanda Cristina dos Santos. "Elaboração da prova do Enade no modelo do banco nacional de itens." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 2013. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/886.
Full textAbstract:
Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-02-29T12:41:57Z
No. of bitstreams: 1
fernandacristinadossantoscampos.pdf: 893214 bytes, checksum: 79cd56323f56a5f94cc5bba53322462d (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-03-03T14:15:42Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 fernandacristinadossantoscampos.pdf: 893214 bytes, checksum: 79cd56323f56a5f94cc5bba53322462d (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-03T14:15:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 fernandacristinadossantoscampos.pdf: 893214 bytes, checksum: 79cd56323f56a5f94cc5bba53322462d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-08-15
Esta dissertação consistiu em um estudo de caso de gestão para a Coordenação-Geral do Enade que compõe a Diretoria de Avaliação da Educação Superior do INEP. O objetivo foi avaliar a gestão do Banco Nacional de Itens para elaboração da prova do Enade.A escolha deste caso se justificou pela necessidade de refinamento nas ações que compõem o processo de elaboração da prova, devido à importância do exame para a Avaliação da Educação Superior Brasileira. Para esse fimfoi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativacomparando o atual modelo de avaliação baseado na Teoria Clássica de testes com um modelo baseado na Teoria de Resposta ao Item. Como resultado elaborou-se um Plano de Ação Educacional para aprimorar o processo deproduçãodos itens que compõem o Banco Nacional de Itensdo Enade.
This is essay is a case study of management to general coordination of National StudentPerformance Exam (Enade), that is part ofEvaluationof Higher Education Directory (DAES) at Inep. The aim is to evaluate the National Bank of Items management for Enade in order to improve the actions that are part of the test development, due to the importance of this exam. We develop a qualitative research comparing the current evaluation model based on the Classical Test Theory and Item Response Theory. As a result, an Education Action plan was created to improve the process of items production in the Enade National Bank of Items.
27
Costa, Bruno Tadeu. "Grupoides de Lie e o teorema de Noether em teoria de campos no âmbito hamiltoniano." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/45/45132/tde-03102016-175645/.
Full textAbstract:
Neste trabalho, abordamos o conceito de simetria em teoria de campos, no âmbito hamiltoniano mais precisamente, sua relação com leis de conservação, conforme estabelecida pelo(s) teorema(s) de Noether. Propomos uma visão alternativa àquela normalmente usada na literatura, baseada na substituição de grupos e álgebras de Lie por grupoides e algebroides de Lie. Tradicionalmente, dado um fibrado E de configuração sobre o espaço-tempo M (cujas seções são os campos do modelo sob investigação), simetrias são implementadas pela ação de um grupo de automorfismos de E, ou seja, um subgrupo de Aut(E), no espaço Γ (E) das seções de E, exigindo-se que o funcional ação S seja invariante sob tal ação: neste caso, quando o pertinente subgrupo for de dimensão infinita, surgem graves dificuldades quando queremos tratar de questões de análise e de geometria com rigor matemático. A vantagem principal desta abordagem alternativa provém do fato de que, embora o grupo Aut(E) e, tipicamente, os subgrupos relevantes, assim como o espaço Γ (E), sejam de dimensão infinita, a sua ação é induzida por uma ação de um grupoide de Lie no fibrado pertinente, a qual envolve apenas variedades de dimensão finita e portanto não há qualquer dúvida em relação a questões tais como qual seria a topologia ou estrutura de variedade subjacente ou em qual sentido essa ação deve ser suave. Formulamos o teorema de Noether neste contexto, baseado em uma nova versão da construção da aplicação momento que a cada gerador de simetrias que associa uma (n - 1)-forma sobre J*E cujo pull-back com uma seção de J* E, que é solução das equações de movimento, produz uma (n - 1)-forma sobre o espaço-tempo, a famosa corrente de Noether, que é conservada, ou seja, fechadaIn this thesis, we deal with the concept of symmetry in field theory, in the covariant hamiltonian approach more precisely, its relation with conservation laws, as established by Noethers theorem(s). We propose an alternative view to that normally used in the literature, based on replacing Lie groups and algebras by Lie groupoids and algebroids. Traditionally, given a configuration bundle E over space-time M (whose sections are the fields of the model under investigation), symmetries are implemented by the action of a group of automorphisms of E, i.e., a subgroup of Aut(E), on the space Γ (E) of sections of E, requiring the action functional S to be invariant under that action: in this case, when the pertinent subgroup has infinite dimension, serious difficulties arise when we want to deal with analytical and geometrical questions with mathematical rigor. The main advantage of this alternative approach comes from the fact that, although the group Aut(E) and, typically, the relevant subgroups, as well as the space Γ (E), are infinite-dimensional, its action is induced by the action of a Lie groupoid in the pertinent bundle, which involves only finite-dimentional manifolds and therefore there is no doubt about questions such as what should be the topology or the underlying manifold structure or in what sense this action should be smooth. We formulate the Noethers theorem in this context, based on a new version of the construction of the momentum map that associates a (n - 1)-form on J*E to each symmetries generator whose pull-back with a section of J*E, that is solution of the equations of motion, produces a (n - 1)-form on the space-time, the famous Noether current, that is conserved, i.e., closed
28
Mikschik, Filip. "Automatizované testování znalostí uživatelů v projektu StartupJobs.cz." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-197674.
Full textAbstract:
This diploma thesis is focused on proposal and implementation of automatized user testing in StartupJobs.cz project. It describes it from theoretical preparation through implemenation to evaluation of this project after first year. It is divided into two main parts. First one is about description of company which is implementing the testing. It describes reasons and expectations from testing implementation. It also creates a theoretical background by describing Classical Test Theory (CTT), Item Reposnse Theory (IRT) and more others. End of this part is consists of review of relevant literary sources. In second, practical part is the thesis focused on using these theories in praxis. How to use them for company's purposes. It is followed by description of system implementation and main part of the thesis is focused on evaluation of user testing implementation using data collected through the first year. Goal of this thesis is to validate hypothesis which are related to testing implementation (relationship between having tests and success rate of candidates). Main contribution of this work is complex overview on this field from theories to practical implementation which created during first year a lot of unique data presented in this paper.
29
Maia, Josà Leudo. "Uso da Teoria ClÃssica dos Testes â TCT e da Teoria de Resposta ao Item â TRI na avaliaÃÃo da qualidade mÃtrica de testes de seleÃÃo." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2009. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=4951.
Full textAbstract:
FundaÃÃo de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do CearÃEsse trabalho doutoral tem como proposta fazer uso da Teoria ClÃssica dos Testes â TCT e da Teoria de Resposta ao Item â TRI como instrumentos na avaliaÃÃo da qualidade mÃtrica de testes de seleÃÃo, sob quatro aspectos de investigaÃÃo: AnÃlise da Validez do Construto; AnÃlise PsicomÃtrica dos Itens; Funcionamento Diferencial dos Itens â DIF; e FunÃÃo de InformaÃÃo. Para tanto, foram utilizados dados dos resultados das provas de PortuguÃs e MatemÃtica do concurso vestibular da Universidade Estadual do Estado do Cearà â UECE, de 2007, em que participaram 20.016 candidatos a 38 Cursos de GraduaÃÃo, somente na Capital do Estado. Para o tratamento desses dados, foram utilizados os seguintes softwares: SPSS, v15; BILOG-MG, v3.0; MULTILOG FOR WINDOWS, v1.0; e o TESTFACT v4.0. A primeira providÃncia foi verificar a dimensionaidade dessas provas. Para tanto se utilizou o MÃtodo de Kaiser-Guttman, Scree-plot, e o MÃtodo das Cargas Fatoriais e das Comunalidades da Matriz de Fatores. A constataÃÃo foi de que a prova de PortuguÃs apresentava caracterÃsticas multidimensionais, sendo, portanto, descartada, por nÃo atender aos pressupostos bÃsicos da Unidimensionalidade e IndependÃncia Local dos Itens. A prova de MatemÃtica, no entanto, por apresentar comportamento unidimensional, se tornou o foco deste trabalho. A anÃlise da Validez do Construto foi realizada por meio dos coeficientes Alpha de Cronbach e Kuder-Richardson, tendo gerado valores iguais a 0,685, alÃm da utilizaÃÃo, tambÃm, do mÃtodo das Cargas Fatoriais, com cargas entre 0,837 e 0,960, indicando intensa consistÃncia interna. A anÃlise psicomÃtrica dos itens foi realizada por meio dos Ãndices de dificuldade, discriminaÃÃo e acerto ao acaso, para ambas as teorias, indicando ser essa uma prova de dificuldade mediana, com bom comportamento discriminativo e baixo Ãndice de acerto ao acaso. A anÃlise do DIF foi realizada, segundo o gÃnero dos candidatos, pelos mÃtodos Delta-plot, Maentel-Haenszel, RegressÃo LogÃstica e ComparaÃÃo dos Betas, indicando resultados estatÃsticamente nÃo significativos, no que se concluiu nÃo apresentar, a prova, comportamento diferenciado, segundo o gÃnero. A anÃlise da FunÃÃo de InformaÃÃo da prova permitiu se observar que esta à particularmente vÃlida para candidatos com aptidÃo em torno de 0,8750 e que, a um nÃvel de confianÃa de 95%, 49,3% dos candidatos atenderiam a essa indicaÃÃo. Observou-se tambÃm que 90,6% dos candidatos, em ambos os processos, apresentaram o mesmo nÃvel de aptidÃo, indicando uma convergÃncia bastante razoÃvel entre os resultados gerados pela TCT e TRI, no entanto, no estudo amostral, a TRI identificou que 9,4% dos candidatos apresentaram maior aptidÃo para a realizaÃÃo de um curso superior que os selecionados pela TCT.
30
MAIA, José Leudo. "Uso da Teoria Clássica dos Testes – TCT e da Teoria de Resposta ao Item – TRI na avaliação da qualidade métrica de testes de seleção." http://www.teses.ufc.br, 2009. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/3235.
Full textAbstract:
MAIA, José Leudo. Uso da Teoria Clássica dos Testes – TCT e da Teoria de Resposta ao Item – TRI na avaliação da qualidade métrica de testes de seleção. 2009. 325f. Tese (Doutorado em Educação) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Faculdade de Educação, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Brasileira, Fortaleza-CE, 2009.Submitted by Maria Josineide Góis (josineide@ufc.br) on 2012-07-10T11:42:58Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2009_Tese_JLMaia.pdf: 4582126 bytes, checksum: 35b2f8279baa21b052a910889b5a7001 (MD5)
Approved for entry into archive by Maria Josineide Góis(josineide@ufc.br) on 2012-07-13T11:49:37Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2009_Tese_JLMaia.pdf: 4582126 bytes, checksum: 35b2f8279baa21b052a910889b5a7001 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2012-07-13T11:49:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2009_Tese_JLMaia.pdf: 4582126 bytes, checksum: 35b2f8279baa21b052a910889b5a7001 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009
sse trabalho doutoral tem como proposta fazer uso da Teoria Clássica dos Testes – TCT e da Teoria de Resposta ao Item – TRI como instrumentos na avaliação da qualidade métrica de testes de seleção, sob quatro aspectos de investigação: Análise da Validez do Construto; Análise Psicométrica dos Itens; Funcionamento Diferencial dos Itens – DIF; e Função de Informação. Para tanto, foram utilizados dados dos resultados das provas de Português e Matemática do concurso vestibular da Universidade Estadual do Estado do Ceará – UECE, de 2007, em que participaram 20.016 candidatos a 38 Cursos de Graduação, somente na Capital do Estado. Para o tratamento desses dados, foram utilizados os seguintes softwares: SPSS, v15; BILOG-MG, v3.0; MULTILOG FOR WINDOWS, v1.0; e o TESTFACT v4.0. A primeira providência foi verificar a dimensionaidade dessas provas. Para tanto se utilizou o Método de Kaiser-Guttman, Scree-plot, e o Método das Cargas Fatoriais e das Comunalidades da Matriz de Fatores. A constatação foi de que a prova de Português apresentava características multidimensionais, sendo, portanto, descartada, por não atender aos pressupostos básicos da Unidimensionalidade e Independência Local dos Itens. A prova de Matemática, no entanto, por apresentar comportamento unidimensional, se tornou o foco deste trabalho. A análise da Validez do Construto foi realizada por meio dos coeficientes Alpha de Cronbach e Kuder-Richardson, tendo gerado valores iguais a 0,685, além da utilização, também, do método das Cargas Fatoriais, com cargas entre 0,837 e 0,960, indicando intensa consistência interna. A análise psicométrica dos itens foi realizada por meio dos índices de dificuldade, discriminação e acerto ao acaso, para ambas as teorias, indicando ser essa uma prova de dificuldade mediana, com bom comportamento discriminativo e baixo índice de acerto ao acaso. A análise do DIF foi realizada, segundo o gênero dos candidatos, pelos métodos Delta-plot, Maentel-Haenszel, Regressão Logística e Comparação dos Betas, indicando resultados estatísticamente não significativos, no que se concluiu não apresentar, a prova, comportamento diferenciado, segundo o gênero. A análise da Função de Informação da prova permitiu se observar que esta é particularmente válida para candidatos com aptidão em torno de 0,8750 e que, a um nível de confiança de 95%, 49,3% dos candidatos atenderiam a essa indicação. Observou-se também que 90,6% dos candidatos, em ambos os processos, apresentaram o mesmo nível de aptidão, indicando uma convergência bastante razoável entre os resultados gerados pela TCT e TRI, no entanto, no estudo amostral, a TRI identificou que 9,4% dos candidatos apresentaram maior aptidão para a realização de um curso superior que os selecionados pela TCT.
31
But, Ekaterina. "Eutrapelia: Humorous texts in Hellenistic poetry." The Ohio State University, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1619032780255174.
Full text
32
Lanza, Victor. "The Classical Approach to Capital Accumulation : Classical Theory of Economic Growth." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Nationalekonomi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-60777.
Full text
33
Hilgenböcker, Kirsten. "Wolbachia's role in classical speciation theory." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät I, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16020.
Full textAbstract:
Wolbachien sind intrazeklluläre Bakterien die zahlreiche Arthropodenarten infizieren. Sie induzieren häufig eine zytoplasmatische Paarungsinkompatibilität die postzygotische Isolation zwischen unterschiedlich infizierten Individuen der gleichen Wirtsart verursacht, weswegen Wolbachien Beachtung als mögliche Katalysatoren von Artbildungsprozessen gefunden haben. Vorherige Arbeiten zur Artbildung untersuchten meist entweder Wolbachia-induzierte oder die klassischen, genetischen postzygotischen Isolationsmechanismen. Normalerweise sollte es aber der Fall sein dass beide Mechanism gleichzeitig auftreten. In dieser Arbeit führen wir Untersuchungen zur Rolle der Wolbachien in der Artbildung fort indem wir die Interaktionen von Wolbachia-induzierten und genetischen Inkompatibilitäten analysieren. Wir werden zeigen dass Wolbachien einen starken Einfluss auf genetisch-basierte Artbildungsprozesse haben. Insbesondere können sich die Mechanism bei gleichzeitigem Auftreten katalysieren. Außerdem werden wir zeigen dass Wolbachia Artbildungsprozesse unter allgemeineren Bedingungen beeinflussen kann als vorherige Studien suggerierten. Da die Rolle der Wolbachien in der Artbildung stark von deren Verbreitung abhängt, werden wir desweiteren eine statistische Metaanalyse von bestehenden Daten zu Infektionsfrequenzen präsentieren. Aufgrund der Methoden der Datenerhebung ist es sehr wahrscheinlich, dass der wirkliche Anteil der infizierten Arten mit 20% deutlich unterschätzt wird. Unsere Analyse bestätigt dies und zeigt dass viel wahrscheinlicher circa zwei Drittel aller Arten infiziert sind. Unsere Resultate der klassischen Artbildungstheorie kombiniert mit denen der statistischen Analyse zu Infektionsfrequenzen von Wolbachia implizieren dass Wolbachien als allgemeine Faktoren in der Evolution von Arthropoden anzusehen sind.Wolbachia are intracellular bacteria that commonly infect arthropod species. Since they often induce a cytoplasmic mating incompatibility (CI) in their hosts that acts as a postzygotic isolating mechanism between differently infected individuals of one species, Wolbachia have received attention as a potential promoter of arthropod speciation processes. Previous studies on speciation focused on either Wolbachia-induced or the classical nuclear-based postzygotic isolating mechanism. However, it should usually be the case that both co-occur. This thesis continues investigations on Wolbachia''s role in speciation by analyzing interactions of Wolbachia-induced CI and nuclear incompatibility (NI) caused by genetic differentiation. We will show that Wolbachia have strong impact on nuclear-based speciation processes. In particular, synergy effects can occur when both isolating mechanisms act simultaneously. Furthermore, we show that Wolbachia can influence speciation processes under more general conditions than previous studies on Wolbachia''s role in speciation suggested. Since the actual role of Wolbachia in arthropod speciation will strongly depend on their abundance, we present a statistical meta-analysis of published data on Wolbachia infection frequencies. Due to the sampling methods applied in studies on Wolbachia infection frequencies, it is likely that current estimates of 20% infected species are underestimates. This is supported by our analysis and we show that more likely about two-thirds of species are infected. Combining both results, this thesis provides strong evidence for Wolbachia being a very general factor in arthropod speciation processes.
34
Kryvohuz, Maksym. "Quantum-classical correspondence in response theory." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/43759.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Chemistry, 2008.Includes bibliographical references (p. 113-118).
In this thesis, theoretical analysis of correspondence between classical and quantum dynamics is studied in the context of response theory. Thesis discusses the mathematical origin of time-divergence of classical response functions and explains the failure of classical dynamic perturbation theory. The method of phase space quantization and the method of semiclassical corrections are introduced to converge semiclassical expansion of quantum response function. The analysis of classical limit of quantum response functions in the Weyl-Wigner representation reveals the source of time-divergence of classical response functions and shows the non-commutativity of the limits of long time and small Planck constant. The classical response function is obtained as the leading term of the h-expansion of the Weyl-Wigner phase space representation and increases without bound at long times as a result of ignoring divergent higher order contributions. Systematical inclusion of higher order contributions improves the accuracy of the h expansion at finite times. The time interval for the quantum-classical correspondence is estimated for quasiperiodic dynamics and is shown to be inversely proportional to anharmonicity. The effects of dissipation on the correspondence between classical and quantum response functions are studied. The quantum-classical correspondence is shown to improve if coupling to the environment is introduced. In the last part of thesis the effect of quantum chaos on photon echo-signal of two-electronic state molecular systems is studied. The temporal photon echo signal is shown to reveal key information about the nuclear dynamics in the excited electronic state surface.
(cont.) The suppression of echo signals is demonstrated as a signature of level statistics that corresponds to the classically chaotic nuclear motion in the excited electronic state.
by Maksym Kryvohuz.
Ph.D.
35
Hanif, Sohail. "A theory of early classical Ḥanafism." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:64a8d79a-123a-493c-a864-fb2c48830e7e.
Full textAbstract:
Fiqh, literally 'deep understanding', is the science of religious law in Islam. What does it mean for an Islamic jurist to 'do fiqh'? And how does an engagement with fiqh guide a jurist to produce statements of law for particular social contexts? These are perennial questions in the field of Islamic legal studies. The current thesis offers an answer to these questions from the viewpoint of jurists from the early classical Ḥanafī tradition of Central Asia. The thesis starts with an examination of Central-Asian Ḥanafī works of legal theory to extract the underlying epistemological foundations of this legal tradition. The remainder of the thesis presents a series of investigations into a leading work of legal commentary - the Hidāyah of Burhān al-Dīn 'Alī ibn Abī Bakr al-Marghīnānī (d. 593/1197) - to assess how these epistemological foundations inform the work. These investigations range from a study of the processes by which the legal cases commented on in the work were seen to be authoritative, to a study of the use of rational arguments, dialectical sequences and juristic disagreement in exploring and expositing cases of the law. The thesis also studies points of theory employed in the commentary that reveal how social context was seen to impact on the production of law. The study concludes by suggesting a general theory of Ḥanafī jurisprudence, explaining what it means to 'do fiqh' - presented as a particular form of engagement with the legal cases transmitted from the teaching circle of Abū Ḥanīfah (d. 150/767), the school's eponym - and how this fiqh engagement with Ḥanafī precedent informed the production of legal statements tailored to specific contexts - by the application of a particular filter of legal mechanisms, each of which reflects an understanding of the overarching principle of 'necessity' (ḍarūrah). The study presents a uniquely Ḥanafī legal epistemology which is underpinned by particular notions of authority, rationality and tradition.
36
Biswas, Ranajit K. "The classical theory of field evaporation." Thesis, Aston University, 1987. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/8080/.
Full textAbstract:
The field evaporation literature has been carefully analysed and is shown to contain various confusions. After redefining consistent terminology, this thesis investigates the mechanisms of field evaporation, in particular, the relevance of the theoretical mechanisms by analysing the available experimental data. A new formalism `extended image-hump formalism' is developed and is used to devise several tests of whether the image-hump mechanism is operating. The general conclusion is that in most cases the Mueller mechanism is not operating and escape takes place via Gomer-type mechanisms.
37
Favaro, Alberto. "Recent advances in classical electromagnetic theory." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/10482.
Full textAbstract:
The early Sections of the present Thesis utilise a metric-free and connection-free approach so as derive the foundations of classical electrodynamics. More specifically, following a tradition established by Kottler [65], Cartan [14] and van Dantzig [137], Maxwell's theory is introduced without making reference to a notion of distance or parallel transport. With very few exceptions, the relevant concepts are derived from first principles. Indeed, Maxwell's theory is constructed starting from three experimentally justified axioms: (i) electric charge is conserved, (ii) the force acting on a test charge due to the electromagnetic field is the standard Lorentz one, (iii) magnetic flux is conserved. To be precise, a strictly deductive approach requires that three further postulates are introduced, as explained in the manual [41] by Hehl and Obukhov. Nevertheless, a shortened formalism is observed to be adequate for the purpose of this work. In nearly all cases, the electromagnetic medium is demanded to be local and linear. Moreover, the propagation of light is studied in the approximate geometrical optics regime. Lindell's astute derivation of the dispersion equation [80] is reformulated in the widespread mathematical language of tensor indices. The method devised in Ref. [80] is integrated with the analysis due to Dahl [16] of the space encompassing the physically viable polarisations. As a result, the geometry associated with the dispersion equation is investigated with considerable rigour. From the literature it is known that, to a great extent, the notion of distance can be viewed as a by-product of Maxwell's theory. In fact, imposing that the constitutive law is electric-magnetic reciprocal and skewon-free determines, albeit non-uniquely, a Lorentzian metric. A novel proof of this statement is examined. In addition, the unimodular forerunner of electric-magnetic reciprocity, defined in earlier works by Lindell [79] and Perlick [112], is shown to preserve the energy-momentum tensor.
38
Yang, Shuangbo. "Classical cantori and their semiclassical quantization /." view abstract or download file of text, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p9940438.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 1999.Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 238-241). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users. Address:http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p9940438.
39
Passos, Homailson Lopes. "Planejamento de experimentos no ensino da estatística e probabilidade nas séries finais do ensino fundamental II." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/97/97138/tde-04122018-145513/.
Full textAbstract:
Este trabalho apresenta uma proposta para o ensino da Estatística e Probabilidade nas séries finais do Ensino Fundamental II. Seu objetivo é mostrar que a metodologia aqui adotada possibilita a aquisição de conceitos estatísticos e probabilísticos, assim como o desenvolvimento de habilidades pessoais e interpessoais. Trata de um projeto fundamentado em Planejamento de Experimentos com respaldo na aprendizagem ativa. Na sequência didática do projeto os alunos realizaram um experimento com aviões de papel no qual tiveram que responder, na prática, a seguinte questão \"Quais alterações podem ser feitas em um modelo de avião de papel para que ele permaneça mais tempo no ar?\". Para atestar a efetividade da sequência didática, foi construído e validado um Teste de Proficiência em Estatística e Probabilidade (TEPEP) com base nos fundamentos da Psicometria. A análise das características do teste foi feita por meio da Teoria Clássica dos Testes e da Teoria de Resposta ao Item. Foram sujeitos da pesquisa 391 alunos de escolas públicas e particulares da região do Vale do Paraíba, Estado de São Paulo. Desse total, 374 auxiliaram na validação do instrumento e os 17 alunos restantes participaram do projeto. Os resultados deste trabalho mostraram que o uso de Planejamento de Experimentos favoreceu a aprendizagem da Estatística e Probabilidade, desenvolvendo também outras competências. Em relação à validação do TEPEP, concluiu-se que os métodos psicométricos empregados têm grande potencial e devem ser mais explorados. Esta pesquisa apresenta, como produtos finais, a metodologia desenvolvida e o teste de proficiência construído, oferecendo ambos a professores e pesquisadores.This work presents a proposal for teaching of Statistics and Probability, for the last years of Elementary School. Its objective is to show that the methodology adopted here allows the acquisition of statistical and probabilistic concepts, as well as the development of personal and interpersonal skills. It\'s a project with a didactic sequence grounded in Designs of Experiments, supported in active learning. In the didactic sequence of the project the students carried out an experiment with paper airplanes in which they had to answer, in practice, the following question \"What changes can be made to a paper airplane model so that it stays longer in the air?\". To attest the effectiveness of the didactic sequence, it was developed and validated a Proficiency Test in Statistics and Probability (PTSP), this using Psychometry. The analysis of the characteristics of the test was made through the Classical Test Theory and the Item Response Theory. The research subjects were a total of 391 students from public and private schools in the Vale do Paraíba region, State of São Paulo. Of this total, 17 students participated in the project. The other students (374) assisted in the test validation. The results of this research showed that the use of Design of Experiments favored the learning of Statistic and Probability, also to develop others competences. Regarding the validation of PTSP, it could be concluded that the psychometric methods used have potential and they should be more explored. This research acclaims, as final products, the developed methodology and the Proficiency test validated, both offered to teachers and researchers.
40
Burke, Susan Marie. "Striving for Credibility in the Face of Ambiguity: A Grounded Theory Study of Extreme Hardship Immigration Psychological Evaluations." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1570121587640465.
Full text
41
Caputo, Flavio dos Reis. "Semente-estrutura-composição: os três caminhos de Zeami para a criação de uma peça nō." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8157/tde-21122016-132043/.
Full textAbstract:
Nō é uma arte cênica japonesa em que representação, dança e música misturam-se em apresentações estilizadas onde poucos elementos são trabalhados para o aprofundamento de uma unidade imagética. Apesar de encontrarmos seus primeiros registros em documentos da era Heian (794-1185), a complexificação de todos os seus aspectos ocorreu na era Muromachi (1334-1573), com os esforços de Zeami (1363-1443) e de seu pai, Kan\'ami (1333-1384). Além de desenvolver a atuação e a orquestração, ambos fizeram avanços significativos na composição de peças. Felizmente, o maior artista de nō, Zeami, nos deixou muitos escritos críticos em que detalha todas as pesquisas empreendidas durante sua vida. A partir de um desses tratados e trechos de outros dois, este trabalho buscará analisar o método, estabelecido por Zeami, pelo qual a criação dramatúrgica divide-se em três frentes: shu, saku e sho, \"semente\", \"estrutura\" e \"composição\", respectivamente. Shu é o meio pelo qual se trabalha com a fonte que dá origem à peça e que será inevitavelmente revista pela linguagem do nō; saku é a estruturação musical que possibilita o desvendamento da semente; e sho é a junção de palavras e sons que transmitem essa revelação. Com o apoio de estudiosos e poetas recentes, procuraremos identificar os princípios que regem esses três caminhos e os modos pelos quais eles se unem para a formação de um todo orgânico, onde yūgen, a beleza contrária à imitação da realidade externa, nasce da distribuição de qualidades vivificadas por uma abordagem maleável do tempo chamada jo-ha-kyū. No primeiro capítulo, veremos como divisões e subdivisões das matérias-primas musicais do nō, ritmos e melodias, interagem para a estruturação da peça; no segundo, como a fonte e demais citações são rediagramadas para a realização gradual do material original; e no terceiro, como palavras são organizadas em aglomerados de sons e imagens para a estabelecimento de camadas significantes.Nō is a Japanese performing art in which representation, dance and music blend into stylized presentations where few elements are handled to create and give depth to an imagistic unit. Although we find its first records in documents from the Heian period (794-1185), the increase of its complexity ocurred only in the Muromachi period (1334-1573), through the efforts of Zeami (1363-1443) and his father, Kan\'ami (1333- 1384). In addition to the development of performance and orchestration, both made significant advances in the composition of plays. Fortunately, the greatest n? artist, Zeami, left us many critical writings in which he detailed all the researches undertaken during his lifetime. Based on one of these treatises and on excerpts of two others, this study will analyse the method, established by Zeami, in which the creation of plays is dividided into three areas: shu, saku and sho, \"seed\", \"structure\" and \"composition\", respectively. Shu is the means by which the artist works with the source that gives rise to the play and that will inevitably be revised by the nō language; saku is the musical structuring that enables the seed to be unveiled; and sho is the combination of words and sounds that convey this revelation. Supported by recent scholars and poets, we will try to identify the principles governing these three paths and the ways by which they unite to form an organic totality, where yūgen, a beauty opposed to the imitation of external reality, is born out of the distribution of qualities vivified by a flexible approach of time, called jo-ha-kyū. In the first chapter, we will see how divisions and subdivisions of the musical primal resources of nō, rhythm and melody, interact to structure a play; in the second, how source and citations are reshaped to progressively recreate the original material; and third, how words are arranged in clusters of sounds and images to stablish layers of meanings.
42
Savov, Ivan. "Network information theory for classical-quantum channels." Thesis, McGill University, 2012. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=110349.
Full textAbstract:
Network information theory is the study of communication problems involving multiple senders, multiple receivers and intermediate relay stations. The purpose of this thesis is to extend the main ideas of classical network information theory to the study of classical-quantum channels. We prove coding theorems for the following communication problems: quantum multiple access channels, quantum interference channels, quantum broadcast channels and quantum relay channels. A quantum model for a communication channel describes more accurately the channel's ability to transmit information. By using physically faithful models for the channel outputs and the detection procedure, we obtain better communication rates than would be possible using a classical strategy. In this thesis, we are interested in the transmission of classical information, so we restrict our attention to the study of classical-quantum channels. These are channels with classical inputs and quantum outputs, and so the coding theorems we present will use classical encoding and quantum decoding.We study the asymptotic regime where many copies of the channel are used in parallel, and the uses are assumed to be independent. In this context, we can exploit information-theoretic techniques to calculate the maximum rates for error-free communication for any channel, given the statistics of the noise on that channel. These theoretical bounds can be used as a benchmark to evaluate the rates achieved by practical communication protocols. Most of the results in this thesis consider classical-quantum channels with finite dimensional output systems, which are analogous to classical discrete memoryless channels. In the last chapter, we will show some applications of our results to a practical optical communication scenario, in which the information is encoded in continuous quantum degrees of freedom, which are analogous to classical channels with Gaussian noise.La théorie de l'information multipartite étudie les problèmes de communication avec plusieurs émetteurs, plusieurs récepteurs et des stations relais. L'objectif de cette thèse est d'étendre les idées centrales de la théorie de l'information classique à l'étude des canaux quantiques. Nous allons nous intéresser aux scénarios de communication suivants: les canaux quantiques à accès multiples, les canaux quantiques à interférence, les canaux quantiques de diffusion et les canaux quantiques à relais. Dans chacun des ces scénarios de communication, nous caractérisons les taux de communication réalisables pour l'envoi d'information classique sur ces canaux quantiques. La modélisation quantique des canaux de communication est importante car elle fournit une représentation plus précise de la capacité du canal à transmettre l'information. En utilisant des modèles physiquement réalistes pour les sorties du canal et la procédure de détection, nous obtenons de meilleurs taux de communication que ceux obtenus dans un modèle classique. En effet, l'utilisation de mesures quantiques collectives sur l'ensemble des systèmes physiques en sortie du canal permet une meilleure extraction d'information que des mesures indépendantes sur chaque sous-système. Nous avons choisi d'étudier les canaux à entrée classique et sortie quantique qui constituent une abstraction utile pour l'étude de canaux quantiques généraux où l'encodage est restreint au domaine classique.Nous étudions le régime asymptotique où de nombreuses copies de du canal sont utilisées en parallèle, et les utilisations sont indépendantes. Dans ce contexte, il est possible de caractériser les limites absolues sur la transmission d'information d'un canal, si on connait les statistiques du bruit sur ce canal. Ces résultats théoriques peuvent être utilisées comme un point de repère pour évaluer la performance des protocoles de communication pratiques. Nous considérons surtout les canaux où les sorties sont des systèmes quantiques de dimension finie, analogues aux canaux classiques discrets. Le dernier chapitre présente des applications pratiques de nos résultats à la communication optique, où systèmes physiques auront des degrés de liberté continus. Ce contexte est analogue aux canaux classiques avec bruit gaussien.
43
Hazrat, Roozbeh. "On K-theory of classical-like groups." [S.l. : s.n.], 2002. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=969899742.
Full text
44
Hoyle, David Charles. "On the theory of simple classical fluids." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.296397.
Full text
45
Smith, Mark James. "Quasi-classical theory of weakly anisotropic superconductors." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2012. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/3297/.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis starts by reviewing superconductivity in one-dimension where fluctuations cause a loss of supercurrent due to an intrinsic resistance. Solved via the Ginzburg-Landau equations, the theory of thermally activated phase slips given by Langer and Ambegaokar is outlined. In turn this leads to the investigation of superconductivity via a microscopic approach, in particular the quasi-classic green’s functions of Eilenberger. The Eilenberger equations are derived and considered in the dirty and weakly anisotropic limits which provides a simple derivation of the Ginzburg-Landau equations near the transition temperature. This prompts an extended derivation which includes the non-linear terms normally removed in deriving the Ginzburg-Landau equations. This is required for calculating effects at temperatures below the transition temperature. These quasi-classic equations of weakly anisotropic superconductors are first written for arbitrary temperature and impurity concentration then limited to the pure and dirty cases. The latter being simplified to zero temperature and solved in the context of thermally activated phase slips.
46
Antoniou, A. "Futures markets : Theory and tests." Thesis, University of York, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.377303.
Full text
47
Schrippe, Patrícia. "MODELAGEM DE DIMENSÕES DA QUALIDADE DE APARTAMENTOS VIA TEORIA DE RESPOSTA AO ITEM E TEORIA CLÁSSICA DE TESTES." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2015. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/8342.
Full textAbstract:
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorThis dissertation aims to analyze the items and dimensions of quality related to apartments in the city of Santa Maria / RS. It is underlined that quality investigated comes to compliance with the characteristics required by customers. About the methodological proceedings, 39 characteristics of location qualities, position and typological were listed according to the bibliography and sequentially reviewed by the real estate agencies. Subsequently, on the real estate agencies, data were collected of 500 apartments sold on 04/01/2013 to 08/25/2014; representing 37% of apartments sold in the city in that period. The data analysis began with the classical theory of tests, using Exploratory Factor Analysis and Confirmatory Factor Analysis sequentially, using the varimax rotation; which identified two factors, based on the criterion of Kaiser. Thus, the approach of Item Response Theory was opportunity, with the logistic model of two parameters as well, the presentation of the critical aspects on the use of Item Response Theory. The first model of Item Response Theory, whose latent trait was named quality of apartments about status, are compost of four items; while the second model, the latent trait quality of apartments about utility, no identified items Sequentially, it was found that the analyzed apartments had scores between 80 to 90, thus, it is clear that most of the apartments investigated for status have the score features 80 in ITR. Therefore it is possible conclude that the proposed objective of this dissertation was achieved.
Esta dissertação visa analisar os itens e dimensões da qualidade referentes aos apartamentos da cidade de Santa Maria/RS. Salienta-se que a qualidade estudada se trata da satisfação das características requeridas pelos clientes. Acerca dos procedimentos metodológicos, 39 características acerca de qualidades de localização, posição e tipológicas foram elencados de acordo com a bibliografia e sequencialmente verificados nas agências imobiliárias. Posteriormente, nas agências imobiliárias, foram coletados dados de 500 apartamentos vendidos nos períodos de 04/01/2013 a 25/08/2014; representando 37% dos apartamentos vendidos na cidade no referido período. O tratamento dos dados iniciou com a Teoria Clássica dos Testes, utilizando a Análise Fatorial Exploratória e sequencialmente a Análise Fatorial Confirmatória, utilizando a rotação ortogonal varimax; que apontou dois fatores, tendo como base o critério de Kaiser. Oportunizando assim a abordagem da Teoria de Resposta ao Item, apresentando o Modelo Logístico de dois parâmetros bem como, a apresentação dos aspectos críticos acerca da utilização da Teoria de Resposta ao Item. O primeiro modelo da Teoria de Resposta ao Item, cujo traço latente foi denominado qualidade dos apartamentos quanto ao status do apartamento, é composto por quatro itens; enquanto o segundo modelo, de traço latente qualidade dos apartamentos quanto à utilidade, não gerou itens. Sequencialmente, verificou-se que os apartamentos analisados possuíam escore entre 80 a 90, por conseguinte, é possível afirmar que a maioria dos apartamentos investigados quanto a status possuem as características de escore 80 na TRI. Portanto, é possível afirmar que, o objetivo proposto da presente dissertação foi alcançado.
48
Fearn, H. "Non-classical effects in optics." Thesis, University of Essex, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.235151.
Full text
49
Shrestha, Tej B. "Comparison study on some classical lack-of-fit tests in regression models." Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/4247.
Full text
50
Shrestha, Tej Bahadur. "Comparison study on some classical lack-of-fit tests in regression models." Kansas State University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/4247.
Full textAbstract:
Master of ScienceDepartment of Statistics
Weixing Song
The relationship between a random variable and a random vector is often investigated through the regression modeling. Because of its relative simplicity and ease of interpretation, a particular parametric form is often assumed for the regression function. If the pre-specified function form truly reflects the truth, then the resulting estimators and inference procedures would be reliable and efficient. But if the regression function does not represent the true relationship between the response and the predictors, then the inference results might be very misleading. Therefore, lack-of-fit test should be an indispensable part in regression modeling. This report compares the finite sample performance of several classical lack-of-fit tests in regression models via simulation studies. It has three chapters. The conception of the lack-of-fit test, together with its basic setup, is briefly introduced in Chapter 1; then several classical lack-of-fit test procedures are discussed in Chapter 2; finally, thorough simulation studies are conducted in Chapter 3 to assess the finite sample performance of each procedure introduced in Chapter 2. Some conclusions are also summarized in Chapter 3. A list of MATLAB codes that are used for the simulation studies is given in the appendix.