To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Classification of verbs.
Journal articles on the topic 'Classification of verbs'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Classification of verbs.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Pashkova, T. V., and A. P. Rodionova. "To the problem of classification of verb’s types of stems and conjugation in the Livvi and Ludic dialects of the Karelian language." Bulletin of Ugric studies 10, no. 4 (2020): 692–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.30624/2220-4156-2020-10-4-692-699.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: the proposed article is the systematization of types of verb conjugation in the Karelian language based on the Livvi and Ludic dialects, as well as an analysis of the classification of verb types in closely related Karelian languages (Finnish and Vepsian). Objective: to consider the classification of types of lexical stems and conjugation of verbs in the Livvi and Ludic dialects and offer the extended classification based on the experience of other related languages. Research materials: data from dictionaries, grammars and the dialect corpora of the Karelian language. Results and novelty of the research: the article describes the verb’s types of stems and conjugation in the Karelian language in a comparative aspect with closely related languages (Finnish and Vepsian languages), identifies the differences and common features in the types of verbs. Based on the studied material, the classification is proposed for the types of verbs in the Livvi and Ludic dialects of the Karelian language. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that we proposed to introduce into linguistic usage the classification of verbs’ stems, which is closely related to the types of verb conjugation in the Livvi and Ludic dialects of the Karelian language, based on systematized information about the typologies of one and two-stem verbs in the Karelian language.
2
Kozmács, István. "ON THE TYPOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION OF MOTION VERBS IN FINNO-UGRIC LANGUAGES." Yearbook of Finno-Ugric Studies 14, no. 2 (June 29, 2020): 222–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2224-9443-2020-14-2-222-226.
Full textAbstract:
In this paper, I compare the semantic structure of the Hungarian and Udmurt verbs of motion. I state that, contrary to the general opinion of the typological literature, the semantic structure of Finno-Ugric verbs is not only Motion + Mode (Motion + Co-event). In Udmurt and in the old Hungarian language there are many motion verbs with the pattern Movement + PATH. Today, PATH is encoded differently in Udmurt and Hungarian movement verbs from a typological point of view. Probably the following happened: when the Hungarian verb system was consolidated, PATH was coded with the preverb, and verb-framed motion verbs became satellite-framed motion verbs. This hypothesis requires further research.
3
Firstov, Leonid. "Reconsideration of classification of phrasal verbs in the English language." Litera, no. 8 (August 2020): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8698.2020.8.33496.
Full textAbstract:
The goal of this work consists in formulation of definition and classification of phrasal verbs in the English language. The subject of this research is the semantics of English phrasal verbs. Lexicographical analysis became the main method for this research. The author also carried out semantic and comparative analysis of English and Russian prefixed verbs; examines the peculiarities of distribution of pitch accents between “simple” verb and postposition as one of the determinant attributes that allows classifying phrasal verbs into an independent lexical group. It is demonstrated that some word combinations, which are traditionally considered phrasal verbs, should not be attributed to this category of lexical units. The author determines the attributes that allow unifying interpretation of the term “phrasal verb”. The scientific novelty consists in the new perspective upon classification of phrasal verbs, distinguishing three types of these lexical units based on the logic of their formation. The author underlines that all phrasal verbs are amenable to the proposed classification, excluding the cases when the status of second element within them does not deem it as postposition. The acquired results significantly simplify the understanding of such verbs and can be applied in teaching or further theoretical developments of the subject of phrasal verbs.
4
Heyna, Franziska. "Modélisation sémantique des verbes ENXER à base substantivale." Cognitive Studies | Études cognitives, no. 14 (September 4, 2014): 149–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.11649/cs.2014.013.
Full textAbstract:
Semantic description of French denominal verbs enXerThis article presents a semantic description of French denominal verbs, such as EMBARQUER, EMPOISONNER, ENDIMANCHER and ENDEUILLER. Traditionally described as parasynthetic compounds, these verbs are the result of a special type of word formation, consisting in the affixation of a prefix and suffix to a stem. Our purpose is to deal with a semantic description of this particular verb class, based on the referential and cognitive nature of de noun stem. It will be shown that the semantic classification outlined by Fradin (2003) in verbes en-SITE (EMBARQUER, ENFOURNER, ENGLUER) and V-cibles (ENCOLLER, ENFLEURER, ENGLUER), based on the cognitive figure-ground opposition is not general enough. The thesis defended here is that denominal verbes enXer instantiate a transformational process of a more abstract topological kind.
5
Ibáñez Cerda, Sergio, and Bertha Lecumberri Salazar. "Hacia una clasificación de grano fino de los verbos de movimiento. El caso de los verbos intransitivos del español." Anuario de Letras. Lingüística y Filología 8, no. 1 (February 1, 2020): 69–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.19130/iifl.adel.2020.1.0003.
Full textAbstract:
Based on the lexicalization patterns presented in Talmy’s pioneering work (1985), motion verbs classifications for Spanish mainly recognize two groups: verbs of manner and verbs of direction (Lamiroy, 1991; Cifuentes Honrubia, 1988-1989; Crego García, 2000; Morimoto, 2001, among others). This research offers a much more detailed classification, by means of the use of a finer set of features and semantic participants that may be lexicalized by motion verbs in any language of the world, namely: the aspectual features of punctuality and telicity; the participants theme, source, path, goal, point of reference, location-path and trajectory; and the parametric features of displacement, movement, manner, change of place and direction. The result is a classification of eight different verb groups that account for the lexical and syntactic mechanisms present in the encoding of the Spanish motion events.
6
Kovalevskaitė, Jolanta, Erika Rimkutė, and Laura Vilkaitė-Lozdienė. "Light Verb Constructions in Lithuanian: Identification and Classification." Studies About Languages, no. 36 (July 1, 2020): 5–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.sal.0.36.22846.
Full textAbstract:
Light verb constructions (LVCs) are verb-noun constructions in which the noun carries the semantic meaning and the verb is semantically reduced, when compared with its main meaning, for example, atlikti analizę (‘to perform an analysis’). LVCs in Lithuanian have not been addressed much so far. The analysis of Lithuanian LVCs was carried out as a part of the PARSEME project on verbal identification of multiword expressions (MWE). This paper aims at presenting some initial findings on the identification of LVCs in Lithuanian, based on the 1st edition of the PARSEME shared-task results (2017). We describe the identification process according to the semantic and syntactic features of LVCs (PARSEME guidelines 1.0 2017) and discuss the grammatical features of the identified Lithuanian LVCs.
LVCs seem to be less frequent in Lithuanian than in other languages: they make up about 0.2% (215 instances) of the analysed 200,000 token corpus. Based on the number of different LVCs, there seem to be two groups of verbs functioning as light verbs: a relatively small group of common light verbs used in the most prototypical examples of Lithuanian LVCs (e.g., vykdyti ‘to perform’, atlikti ‘to perform’, daryti ‘to do’, and turėti ‘to have’) and a larger group of less common light verbs. Most of the nouns in analysed LVCs have suffixes -imas and -ymas, which are the most typical Lithuanian suffixes for deriving a noun from a verb. Almost 40% of all LVCs are used with 1–3 words intervening between a verb and a noun.
7
Siegel, Eric V., and Kathleen R. McKeown. "Learning Methods to Combine Linguistic Indicators: Improving Aspectual Classification and Revealing Linguistic Insights." Computational Linguistics 26, no. 4 (December 2000): 595–628. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/089120100750105957.
Full textAbstract:
Aspectual classification maps verbs to a small set of primitive categories in order to reason about time. This classification is necessary for interpreting temporal modifiers and assessing temporal relationships, and is therefore a required component for many natural language applications. A verb's aspectual category can be predicted by co-occurrence frequencies between the verb and certain linguistic modifiers. These frequency measures, called linguistic indicators, are chosen by linguistic insights. However, linguistic indicators used in isolation are predictively incomplete, and are therefore insufficient when used individually. In this article, we compare three supervised machine learning methods for combining multiple linguistic indicators for aspectual classification: decision trees, genetic programming, and logistic regression. A set of 14 indicators are combined for classification according to two aspectual distinctions. This approach improves the classification performance for both distinctions, as evaluated over unrestricted sets of verbs occurring across two corpora. This demonstrates the effectiveness of the linguistic indicators and provides a much-needed full-scale method for automatic aspectual classification. Moreover, the models resulting from learning reveal several linguistic insights that are relevant to aspectual classification. We also compare supervised learning methods with an unsupervised method for this task.
8
Puttaswamy, Chaithra. "Multi-verb constructions in Malto." Journal of South Asian Languages and Linguistics 5, no. 1 (October 25, 2018): 79–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jsall-2018-0001.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract This paper discusses the classification of verbal constructions in Malto based on functions expressed through the co-occurrence of verb words at various levels within clauses. Multi-verb constructions in Malto are discussed within the framework of the theories of juncture and nexus proposed by Van Valin, Robert D, and Randy J LaPolla. 1997. Syntax: Structure, Meaning and Function. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. The functional classes of multi-verb constructions in Malto discussed in this paper include explicator compound verbs, conjunctive participle constructions, and reduplicated verbs. Rank-defining properties where the inflectional properties relate to the concept of finiteness in verbs are compared with rank shift in Malto. This includes several possibilities such as two clauses coalescing into a single core, category change where nominals are derived from verbs by attaching a nominaliser, or verbs functioning as adverbials by virtue of their position relative to a finite verb.
9
Baker, Collin F., and Josef Ruppenhofer. "FrameNet's Frames vs. Levin's Verb Classes." Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society 28, no. 1 (August 14, 2002): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/bls.v28i1.3816.
Full textAbstract:
The classification of verbs in Levin's (1993) English Verb Classes and Alternations: A preliminary Investigation, on the basis of both intuitive semantic grouping and their participation in valence alternations, is often used by the NLP community as evidence of the semantic similarity of verbs (Jing & McKeown 1998; Lapata & Brew 1999; Kohl et al. 1998). In this paper, we compare the Levin classification with the work of the FrameNet project (Fillmore & Baker 2001), where words (not just verbs) are grouped according to the conceptual structures (frames) that underlie them and their combinatorial patterns are inductively derived from corpus evidence. This means that verbs grouped together in FrameNet (FN) might be semantically similar but have different (or no) alternations, and that verbs which share the same alternation might be represented in two different semantic frames.
10
Oishi, Akira, and Yuji Matsumoto. "Detecting the Organization of Semantic Subclasses of Japanese Verbs." International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 2, no. 1 (January 1, 1997): 65–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ijcl.2.1.05ois.
Full textAbstract:
This paper describes an approach to detect the organization of semantic subclasses of Japanese verbs. First, we classify verbs along two dimensions: thematic and aspectual. In the thematic dimension, we exploit the pattern of case marking particles which are attached to arguments of verbs. In the aspectual dimension, we exploit the classification of adverbs which modify verbs in a corpus. By combining the results of two classifications, we obtain an elaborate classification of verbs. We can incorporate the prototypicality of the members which constitute each semantic subclass by taking account of the frequency of case particles patterns and cooccurring adverbs. Moreover, the existence of close relationships among them enable us to detect the organization of these subclasses.
11
Elli, Giulia V., Connor Lane, and Marina Bedny. "A Double Dissociation in Sensitivity to Verb and Noun Semantics Across Cortical Networks." Cerebral Cortex 29, no. 11 (February 15, 2019): 4803–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhz014.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractWhat is the neural organization of the mental lexicon? Previous research suggests that partially distinct cortical networks are active during verb and noun processing, but what information do these networks represent? We used multivoxel pattern analysis (MVPA) to investigate whether these networks are sensitive to lexicosemantic distinctions among verbs and among nouns and, if so, whether they are more sensitive to distinctions among words in their preferred grammatical class. Participants heard 4 types of verbs (light emission, sound emission, hand-related actions, mouth-related actions) and 4 types of nouns (birds, mammals, manmade places, natural places). As previously shown, the left posterior middle temporal gyrus (LMTG+), and inferior frontal gyrus (LIFG) responded more to verbs, whereas the inferior parietal lobule (LIP), precuneus (LPC), and inferior temporal (LIT) cortex responded more to nouns. MVPA revealed a double-dissociation in lexicosemantic sensitivity: classification was more accurate among verbs than nouns in the LMTG+, and among nouns than verbs in the LIP, LPC, and LIT. However, classification was similar for verbs and nouns in the LIFG, and above chance for the nonpreferred category in all regions. These results suggest that the lexicosemantic information about verbs and nouns is represented in partially nonoverlapping networks.
12
Blinova, Svetlana A. "Classification of interpersonal interaction verbs with semantics of mental influence." Verhnevolzhski Philological Bulletin 2, no. 25 (2021): 180–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.20323/2499-9679-2021-2-25-180-186.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this article is to describe the verbs of interpersonal interaction with the semantics of mental influence in the English language and to consider the criteria for semantic classification, on the basis of which the selected verbs can be grouped. There is a large number of works devoted to the study of lexico-semantic, pragmatic, morphological and other features of individual subgroups of interpersonal interaction verbs (in particular, compulsion verbs, verbs of speech influence, etc.), however, no attempt has yet been made to identify, study and classify a group of interpersonal interaction verbs with the semantics of mental influence. The material of the study is dictionary definitions from the Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English and Longman Dictionary of English Language and Culture, as well as examples from the National British Corpus. The study describes in detail the procedure for selecting verbs of interpersonal interaction with the semantics of mental influence, identifies the features that are integral for this group of verbs, as well as the criteria for semantic classification, on the basis of which the selected verbs were divided into subgroups. Verbs of mental influence have a complex semantic structure. The signs «interpersonal interaction» and «impact on the object» are integral for the studied group of verbs. The sign of intentionality is not integral, but it is included in the semantic structure of most verbs of this group. In addition, the semantic structure of verbs of mental effects shows thatthe classification of verbs in this group may be an indication of the impact on a particular area of the psyche which indicates the correlation of the meanings of mental influence verbs with the findings of modern psychological theory
13
Baranovska, Olga. "PREDICATE- ARGUMENT STRUCTURE OF EMOTIVE VERBS IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE." Naukovì zapiski Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu «Ostrozʹka akademìâ». Serìâ «Fìlologìâ» 1, no. 10(78) (February 27, 2020): 13–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.25264/2519-2558-2020-10(78)-13-16.
Full textAbstract:
This paper seeks to explore the category of emotiveness of the verb units in the lexico-semantic system of the English verb. The article characterizes the evolution of methods in this investigation of lexical units, basic notions of cognitive grammar, in particular. The predicate- argument structure of the verbs that designate emotive states has been defined. The conditions for the realization of grammatical structures have been presented. The survey studies the classification of the verbs according to their syntactic constructions, taking into account the relation of the subject and the object. As a result, the investigation highlights the features of the verbs that denote emotional relations and causatives. Experiencer argument, which can perform different syntactic functions, is an indispensable prerequisite for the predicate-argument structure of English emotive verbs. The algorithm for this analysis has been suggested. The predicate-argument structure of verb units expressing emotions in English and Ukrainian has been compared. Similar deep semantics of emotive verbs in English and Ukrainian finds a distinct expression in the surface structure, favouring different syntactic structures. A significant number of emotive verb units are expressed by intransitive, reflexive verbs with a postfix – sya in Ukrainian, while the constructions with adjectives and participles are characteristic of English.
14
Maharani Santika, I. Dewa Ayu Devi, I. Gusti Vina Widiadnya Putri, and Ni Wayan Suastini. "TRANSLATION OF PHRASAL VERBS INTO INDONESIAN." Lingual: Journal of Language and Culture 4, no. 2 (November 21, 2017): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/ljlc.2017.v04.i02.p03.
Full textAbstract:
This study has two aims, those are to analyze: (1) the classification of phrasal verbs found in a short story and the classification of their translations in Indonesian done by some English teachers from some primary schools in Denpasar, and (2) how the meaning of phrasal verbs in SL help to determine their equivalents in TL. The classification and the meaning of phrasal verbs are proposed by McArthur and Atkins (1975). Based on the analysis there were three categories of 34 phrasal verbs found in the data source, those are: intransitive verbs, transitive separable verbs, and transitive fusedverbs. The results found that most of the phrasal verbs are included into transitive separable verbs and from the three categories of phrasal verbs; they were translated mostly into transitive verbs. Meanwhile, the meanings of phrasal verbs in SL determine the suitable equivalents for the phrasal verbs in TL since there were variants equivalents given in the translations.Keywords: Phrasal verbs, Translation, Words meaning
15
Oktavianti, Ikmi Nur, and Asmad Adnan. "A corpus study of verbs in opinion articles of The Jakarta Post and the relation with text characteristics." English Language Teaching Educational Journal 3, no. 2 (September 1, 2020): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.12928/eltej.v3i2.2158.
Full textAbstract:
As one of the text categories, opinion texts have distinctive characteristics compared to any other texts in newspapers, including the choice of verb usage. This study then aims at preliminarily examining the verbs used in opinion articles in The Jakarta Post to find out the relation between frequency and text characteristics. This study collected the opinion articles of The Jakarta Post comprising 47.143 words. This study was assisted by Lancsbox to store the corpus of opinion section texts, to identify the verb lemmas, and to count the frequency of verbs. The verbs found in this study were then classified based on Scheibman’s main verb classification (which is based on Halliday’s and Dixon’s verb types). The results of the study show that there are three most frequent verb types used in opinion texts in The Jakarta Post; they are material, verbal, and feeling verb types. Meanwhile, the lesser frequent ones are perception, possessive/relational, relational, and cognition verbs types. Meanwhile, the least frequent verb types are existential, corporeal and perception/relational verbs types. As opinion text conveys the argument of the writer, it is plausible to find feeling verb type belongs to the third most frequent types, along with material type to show concrete actions and verbal type to report the information. These frequencies exhibit that there is a firm relationship between text characteristics and the tendency of verb choice.
16
Taqdir, Taqdir. "MAKNA VERBA MAJEMUK ~KIRU DALAM BAHASA JEPANG Kajian Struktur dan Semantis." IZUMI 3, no. 1 (January 6, 2014): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/izumi.3.1.42-49.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The purpose of this paper is to know the structure of compound verb (V + V) in Japanese. The structure is a forming of zenkoudoushi (first verb) and koukoudoushi (second verb). The second verb is kiru. And the first verbs are joutai doushi (statis) keizoukudoushi (contuinity), shunkandoushi (fungtual), and daiyoushudoushi (the four verb). This classification from the Kindaichi’s classification. As a single verb kiru means to cut, to slice, to decide, and to turn off. When it combined with other verbs, the verb kiru will form a compound verb which has several meanings. Commonly, compound verb kiru has two meanings, namely in terms of lexical meaning and syntactical meaning. Lexically, compound verb kiru means setsudan ‘cutting’ and shuketsu ‘ends/over’, while syntactically this verb means kyokudo ‘extraordinary/ infinite’ and kansui ‘perfective’. The compound verb ~kiru which attached to continuity (keizokudoushi) has meaning as setsudan ‘cutting’, shuketsu ‘ends/over’, and kansui ‘perfective’, while when it is attached to the punctual verb (shuunkandoushi) means kyokudo ‘extraordinary/ infinite’. Keyword : zenkoudoushi, koukoudoushi, compound verb, ~kiru
17
Shain, Rachel. "Exploring Aktionsart in Corpora: A Case Study of Koine Greek Erchomai and Eiserchomai." Journal of Greek Linguistics 11, no. 2 (2011): 221–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156658411x600016.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractPresented here is an analysis of the effect of the Koine Greek preverb eis- on the lexical aspect of the Koine verb erchomai 'go/come'. To determine the effect of eis-, I demonstrate the lexical aspect of the simplex erchomai and its prefixed form eis-erchomai by annotating all instances of both verbs in the Greek New Testament. Methodology for determining the lexical aspect of the two verbs is adapted from methodology used for languages in which native speaker intuitions are accessible. Applying some of these tests to the corpora, I conclude that erchomai is an activity verb and eiserchomai is a telic verb. This result confirms Buist Fanning's (1990) classification of the same verbs, though he used different methodology to come to this conclusion. Additional ways of developing aktionsart tests for corpora are suggested.
18
Uiboaed, Kristel. "Kollostruktsioonilised meetodid ja konstruktsioonilise varieerumise tuvastamine." Eesti ja soome-ugri keeleteaduse ajakiri. Journal of Estonian and Finno-Ugric Linguistics 4, no. 1 (June 20, 2013): 185–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/jeful.2013.4.1.11.
Full textAbstract:
Käesolev artikkel uurib kahe verbi ühendeid ja nende varieerumist eesti murretes. Artikkel tutvustab üht kvantitatiivse korpuslingvistika meetodit – kollostruktsioonilist analüüsi – ja rakendab seda eesti murrete verbikonstruktsioonide tuvastamiseks. Kui kõigi murrete verbikonstruktsioonid on tuvastatud, vaadeldakse nende varieerumist murretes ning esitatakse eesti murrete jaotus verbikonstruktsioonide alusel. Tulemused osutavad, et verbikonstruktsioonipõhine varieerumine murretes viib hoopis teistsuguse rühmituseni kui traditsiooniline murdejaotus. Verbikonstruktsioonidevahelised erinevused murretes on kõige suuremad ida- ja läänepoolsemate murrete vahel, kusjuures idapoolsemad murded kasutavad eri konstruktsioone märkimisväärselt vähem kui läänemurded.Collostructional methods and verb constructions in Estonian dialects. The present work studies finite and non-finite verb constructions and their variation in Estonian dialects. Article gives an overview of collostructional methods and applies the method to detect verb constructions in Estonian dialects. Detected constructions are studied further to explore which finite verbs show grammaticalization tendencies in different dialects. Constructionbased division of dialects is presented. Results indicate that construction based classification of dialects leads to different groups compared to traditional dialect classifications. Major differences occur between eastern and western dialects, whereas western dialects use different verb constructions considerably more than eastern dialects do.
19
Merlo, Paola, and Suzanne Stevenson. "Automatic Verb Classification Based on Statistical Distributions of Argument Structure." Computational Linguistics 27, no. 3 (September 2001): 373–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/089120101317066122.
Full textAbstract:
Automatic acquisition of lexical knowledge is critical to a wide range of natural language processing tasks. Especially important is knowledge about verbs, which are the primary source of relational information in a sentence-the predicate-argument structure that relates an action or state to its participants (i.e., who did what to whom). In this work, we report on supervised learning experiments to automatically classify three major types of English verbs, based on their argument structure-specifically, the thematic roles they assign to participants. We use linguistically-motivated statistical indicators extracted from large annotated corpora to train the classifier, achieving 69.8% accuracy for a task whose baseline is 34%, and whose expert-based upper bound we calculate at 86.5%. A detailed analysis of the performance of the algorithm and of its errors confirms that the proposed features capture properties related to the argument structure of the verbs. Our results validate our hypotheses that knowledge about thematic relations is crucial for verb classification, and that it can be gleaned from a corpus by automatic means. We thus demonstrate an effective combination of deeper linguistic knowledge with the robustness and scalability of statistical techniques.
20
Aarts, Bas. "Verb-preposition constructions and small clauses in English." Journal of Linguistics 25, no. 2 (September 1989): 277–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022226700014109.
Full textAbstract:
The analysis of verb-particle constructions, or verb-preposition constructions, as I will call them, has-given rise to much debate in the linguistic literature over a long period of time. Traditionally, a bipartite classification of these structures has been assumed consisting of a class of ‘phrasal verbs’, such as those in (1) and (2), and a class of ‘prepositional verbs’, such as those in (3):(1) I switched the light off.(2) I looked the information up.(3) Look at the prospectus: it clearly states that your admission depends on your examination results.
21
Zuo, Si-Min, and Ji Hyoun Lee. "Aktionsart Classification of Mandarin Chinese Verbs." Journal of Chinese Language, Literature and Translation 40 (January 31, 2017): 463–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.35822/jcllt.2017.01.40.463.
Full text
22
HORVATH, Sabrina, Leslie RESCORLA, and Sudha ARUNACHALAM. "The syntactic and semantic features of two-year-olds’ verb vocabularies: a comparison of typically developing children and late talkers." Journal of Child Language 46, no. 3 (January 11, 2019): 409–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305000918000508.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractChildren with language disorders have particular difficulty with verbs, but when this difficulty emerges is unknown. We examined syntactic (transitive, intransitive, ditransitive) and semantic (manner, result) features of two-year-olds’ verb vocabularies, contrasting late talkers and typically developing children to look for early differences in verb vocabulary. We conducted a retrospective analysis of parent-reported expressive vocabulary from the Language Development Survey (N = 564, N(LT) = 62) (Rescorla, 1989). Verbs were coded for the presence or absence of each syntactic and semantic feature. Binomial mixed-effects regressions revealed the effect of feature on children's knowledge and whether feature interacted with group classification. Our results revealed mostly similarities between late talkers and typically developing children. All children's vocabularies showed a bias against verbs that occur in ditransitive frames. One feature showed a difference between groups: late talkers showed a bias against manner verbs that typically developing children did not.
23
Prendushi, Gjilda Alimhilli. "Verbal Groups of Telic Action in Albanian Language." European Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies 4, no. 3 (January 21, 2017): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejms.v4i3.p43-48.
Full textAbstract:
In this article I introduce and analyze the syntactic behaviour (compatibility and restrictions) of achievement and accomplishment verbs in standard Albanian, according to Aktionsart. The Aktionsart is a system of classification of verbs into verbal classes morphologically distinct from each other, in which at the basic meaning of the verb are added different values of space, quality, etc. The accomplishments and achievements in Albanian have comparable action meaning and syntactic behavior, such as to justify their inclusion in the class of telic verbs. A telic verb is that one which presents an action or event as being completed in some manner. On the other hand, these two subclasses of telics are also characterized on the basis of a series of distinctive elements that lead us to lay a certain distinction between them. An accomplishment verb is a form that expresses that something or someone has undergone a change in state as the result of the completion of an event. On the other side an achievement verbs express an instant action that changes the state of the subject. By using the categories and procedures of textual linguistics I focus on the semantic and syntactic features of some groups of verbs.
24
Fattahizadeh, Fathyieh, and Fatemeh Habibi. "Lexicalization of the Motion Event Of “Going” in the Holy Quran." Fluminensia 33, no. 1 (2021): 75–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.31820/f.33.1.8.
Full textAbstract:
Motion is basic and universal concept and among the major life experiences of human beings. studies by Talmy marked the beginning of cognitive research into motion; he delineated the systematic relations among surface and deep structures and, based on the representation of the motion event, classified languages into two groups of satellite-framed and verb-framed. The present study examined the representation of the motion event in the verb “to go” via corpus-based analysis. The corpus comprised texts from the Holy Quran, consisting of 88 verbs extracted from114 Quranic verbs meaning “to go” after evaluating the surface structures used for concepts related to this verb of motion. In collecting said corpus, the verbs were extracted from Al-Maány website and, based on the author’s linguistic intuition with regard to the motion concept of going in the Quran, the relevant sample was collected and analyzed. This study aimed to examine manner- and path-lexicalization verbs, and the representation of information on manner and path based on the lexicalization patterns of Talmy, and eventually investigate the consistency between the results and Talmy’s theory about the classification of language in terms of motion representation. The results showed that, in the Quran, of 88 verbs of motion with the deep structure of “to go”, 22 cases lexicalized the path such as Zahaba (going), Araja (ascending),40 cases the manner such as Haraba (escaping) and Farra (running away), and 26 cases a combination of the two such as Jaraya (flowing down) and Jarra (pulling on the ground) representing both elements of manner and path in the verb stem. Of these, the highest frequency in the manner of motion belonged to transition motion (80 cases), while only 8 cases were of the rotatory type. Another result was the inconclusiveness of Talmy’s theory about the classifications of languages in terms of the motion concept of going.
25
Machonis, Peter A. "Neutral Verbs in English." Lingvisticæ Investigationes. International Journal of Linguistics and Language Resources 21, no. 2 (January 1, 1997): 293–320. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/li.21.2.03mac.
Full textAbstract:
This article presents a first attempt at systematically classifying neutral verbs in English. Neutrality, also known as the ergative construction or the causative alternation, is present when the following equation holds: (1) N0 V N1 = N1 V In the following sentences, for example: (2) a. Max chimed the bells. b. The bells chimed. (3) a. The enemy sank the battleship. b. The battleship sank. the direct object of the (a) sentence is the subject of the (b) sentence, and the meanings are similar. Following Boons, Guillet, Leclère (1976), who presented a classification of over 400 neutral verbs of French, we systematically examined the English lexicon and compiled a list of over 500 neutral verbs of English, indicating an appropriate N1 along with the morphological properties of human and non-human for each N0 and N1. A preliminary glance at these verbs suggests that the morphological and transformational properties associated with each verb are highly idiosyncratic. Furthermore, this study shows that although certain semantic classes tend to favor neutrality, they do not automatically assure it, and presents further evidence for building a formal lexicon, or lexicon-grammar, where pertinent lexical and syntactic information is listed for each individual verb.
26
Deda, Albana, and Leonora Lumezi. "The Traditional Conception of Diathesis (Voice) and a Modern View to It." European Journal of Language and Literature 1, no. 1 (April 30, 2015): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejls.v1i1.p81-88.
Full textAbstract:
Since the antiquity, diathesis has been analyzed in linguistic theories as a morphological category of the verb. Consulting the earliest papers, there could be noticed that Greek tradition makes mention of active, passive and middle verbs, whereas in Latin papers we find active and passive verb forms. (There must be said that during this linguistic period the term diathesis could hardly be found. The above mentioned terms referred to the classification of verbs). During the Medieval Age linguists defined the same concept of diathesis. Most of the traditional grammars of many contemporary languages hold the same view, without any significant differences. In traditional Albanian papers diathesis or voice is defined as a morphological category that expresses relations between the verb (the traditional predicate) and the subject. There has been made a division between active and non-active voice. Non-active voice verbs are further divided into: passive, reflexive and middle voice. Empirical studies show that it is difficult to make a distinct and final classification of verbs in terms of the different patterns in which it can be found. This inference is made taking into consideration abundant examples from the Albanian corpus, showing that a verb can be used intransitively in some patterns and transitively in others. The voice division of verbs provided by the Albanian grammars reveals a gap in the examination of the formal and especially the semantic aspect. There are many semantic and formal arguments that lead us to the conclusion that the traditional definition of diathesis is problematic. In our view, this process should be treated as a wider phenomenon that includes more than the morphological aspect. The Valency Theory could be an alternative approach that provides a better solution to this problem.
27
Korenkova, Oleksandra. "Lexical-Semantic Classification of Cognitive Psych Verbs in Ukrainian, German and English." Studia Linguistica, no. 13 (2018): 123–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/studling2018.13.123-133.
Full textAbstract:
The article deals with the concept and lexical-semantic classification of the gnostic mental state verbs on the material of modern Ukrainian, German and English languages. Particular attention is given to determination of common and distinctive features in the semantics of the gnostic mental state verbs in Ukrainian, German and English. The theoretical significance of the research lies in the definition of the concept and lexical-semantic features of the gnostic mental state verbs as a separate lexical-semantic class in each of the researched languages, which might lead to the further development of the study of lexics denoting mental states. The lexical-semantic classification of the gnostic mental verbs in Ukrainian, German and English, identification of common and distinctive features in the researched languages was made basing on the body of the authoritative dictionaries of modern Ukrainian, German and English languages. The results of the statistical processing of the dictionary samples helped to establish the degree of productivity of lexical-semantic groups in each of the above mentioned languages. The analysis of already made attempts to create some classifications of gnostic mental states in psychology and verbal lexicon, which denotes gnostic mental states in linguistics, revealed the absence of an adequate classification and description of these notions – ” gnostic mental state” and ” gnostic mental verbs”. Systematic analysis of the scientific data provided an opportunity to define the gnostic mental verbs in the research and describe the features of this verbal class on the lexical-semantic level within the framework of comparative research on the material of Ukrainian, German and English.
28
Gerner, Matthias. "Verb classifiers in East Asia." Functions of Language 21, no. 3 (November 14, 2014): 267–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/fol.21.3.01ger.
Full textAbstract:
Many linguists define classification systems in terms of semantic profiling. The classifier profiles a semantic trait common to all the classified items. This paper rejects semantic profiling in favor of a combinatorial definition of classification and evaluates verb classification in five languages of the Sinitic, Tai-Kadai, Miao-Yao and Tibeto-Burman families. Only sortal verb classifiers in Sinitic, Tai-Kadai, Miao-Yao (not Tibeto-Burman) are classificatory in the combinatorial sense. Sortal verb classifiers stand for a lexical classification technique in which the classifiers are derived from adjunct noun phrases. Cross-linguistically, the technique contrasts with other techniques such as the classification of verbs by incorporated core arguments found in Native American languages. This paper also evaluates mensural verb classifiers and auto-classifiers which are generally not classificatory in the combinatorial sense.
29
Geuder, Wilhelm, and Matthias Weisgerber. "Manner and causation in movement verbs." ZAS Papers in Linguistics 44, no. 1 (January 1, 2006): 125–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/zaspil.44.2006.305.
Full textAbstract:
This paper investigates the semantic underpinnings of the distinction between two syntactic types of "manner of movement" verbs in Levin (1993), namely the RUN and ROLL classes. According to Levin's (1993) and Levin & Rappaport's (1995) work on unaccusativity, a semantic factor of "internal causation" should be the trigger for the classification of a movement verb as intransitive (=not-unaccusative), and hence for its belonging to the RUN class. We point out empirical problems for this characterisation, mainly coming from the different readings of the German verb fliegen (fly). From a comparison with other semantically similar verbs, we conclude that the semantic description which underlies the class distinction should be refined: instead of "internal causation", the crucial semantic factor is described here as "inherent specification for a momentum of movement". This result indicates that forces, and relations between forces, have to be part of the semantic description of the manner component in movement verbs.
30
Mykhailyuk, L. "Semantic Classification of the Verbs in the North American Area of the English Language." Journal of Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University 2, no. 2-3 (July 2, 2015): 48–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.15330/jpnu.2.2-3.48-50.
Full textAbstract:
The article deals with the problem of semantic classification of the verbs of the NorthAmerican continent. 60 verbs marked in the dictionaries (Hornby, Webster, Gage) as British,American, Canadian have been chosen for the investigation. The classification of verbal lexemesaccording to their semantic meaning suggested by A.A. Ufimtseva has been taken for the basis ofthis research. According to this classification all the verbs fall into two groups: lexemes of activeaction and lexemes of nonactive action.
31
Sofyan, Agus Nero. "Eksistensi Verba dalam Kajian Bahasa Indonesia." Metahumaniora 8, no. 2 (September 16, 2018): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/metahumaniora.v8i2.20695.
Full textAbstract:
AbstrakPenelitian ini berjudul “Eksistensi Verba dalam Kajian Bahasa Indonesia”.Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif, yaitumetode yang menggambarkan data secara faktual dan akurat mengenai sifat-sifatfenomena yang diteliti. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini bersumber daribahasa ragam tulis. Sumber data diambil dari surat kabar yang ada pada situsinternet. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah seputar klasifikasi verbabaik secara morfologis, sintaktis, maupun semantis. Masalah yang dibahas dalampenelitian ini adalah pengkajian kelas kata verba dari segi bentuk, fungsi sintaktis,dan makna gramatikal yang diemban. Dari hasil penelitian diungkapkan bahwaverba memiliki bentuk, yaitu bentuk dasar, berafiks, bereduplikasi, dan bermajemuk.Fungsi sintaktis yang diisi verba dalam konstruksi kalimat ialah sebagai subjek,predikat, dan pelengkap. Makna gramatikal yang diemban verba sangat variatif,yaitu benefaktif, kopulatif, kausatif, resiprokal, kuantitatif, refleksif, lokatif, iteratif,semelfaktif, distributif, dan terminatif.Kata kunci: verba, klasifikasi, bentuk, fungsi sintaktis, maknaAbstractThe title of this research is “The Existence of Verbs in Indonesian Studies”. Themethod used in this research is descriptive method which describes the data factually,sytematically, and accurately on the characteristics of the observed phenomenon. The datasources in this research are taken from written language: newspaper on internet sites andartificial data (made by the researcher). The theories used in this research are theories aboutverbs, based on morphological, syntactical, and semantical studies. The problem discussedin this research is the study of verb categories in term of forms, syntactic functions, andgrammatical meaning. The results of this research show that verbs have a form, namelythe basic form; they have affixes, reduplication, and compound. The syntactic functions of averb in a sentence construction are as subject, predicate, and complement. The grammaticalmeaning of a verb is various; benefactive, copulative, causative, reciprocal, quantitative,reflexive, locative, iterative, semelfactive, distributive, and terminative.Keywords: verb, classification, form, syntactic function, meaning
32
Sofyan, Agus Nero. "Eksistensi Verba dalam Kajian Bahasa Indonesia." Metahumaniora 8, no. 2 (September 16, 2018): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/mh.v8i2.20695.
Full textAbstract:
AbstrakPenelitian ini berjudul “Eksistensi Verba dalam Kajian Bahasa Indonesia”.Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif, yaitumetode yang menggambarkan data secara faktual dan akurat mengenai sifat-sifatfenomena yang diteliti. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini bersumber daribahasa ragam tulis. Sumber data diambil dari surat kabar yang ada pada situsinternet. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah seputar klasifikasi verbabaik secara morfologis, sintaktis, maupun semantis. Masalah yang dibahas dalampenelitian ini adalah pengkajian kelas kata verba dari segi bentuk, fungsi sintaktis,dan makna gramatikal yang diemban. Dari hasil penelitian diungkapkan bahwaverba memiliki bentuk, yaitu bentuk dasar, berafiks, bereduplikasi, dan bermajemuk.Fungsi sintaktis yang diisi verba dalam konstruksi kalimat ialah sebagai subjek,predikat, dan pelengkap. Makna gramatikal yang diemban verba sangat variatif,yaitu benefaktif, kopulatif, kausatif, resiprokal, kuantitatif, refleksif, lokatif, iteratif,semelfaktif, distributif, dan terminatif.Kata kunci: verba, klasifikasi, bentuk, fungsi sintaktis, maknaAbstractThe title of this research is “The Existence of Verbs in Indonesian Studies”. Themethod used in this research is descriptive method which describes the data factually,sytematically, and accurately on the characteristics of the observed phenomenon. The datasources in this research are taken from written language: newspaper on internet sites andartificial data (made by the researcher). The theories used in this research are theories aboutverbs, based on morphological, syntactical, and semantical studies. The problem discussedin this research is the study of verb categories in term of forms, syntactic functions, andgrammatical meaning. The results of this research show that verbs have a form, namelythe basic form; they have affixes, reduplication, and compound. The syntactic functions of averb in a sentence construction are as subject, predicate, and complement. The grammaticalmeaning of a verb is various; benefactive, copulative, causative, reciprocal, quantitative,reflexive, locative, iterative, semelfactive, distributive, and terminative.Keywords: verb, classification, form, syntactic function, meaning
33
Protsenko, Olesia. "TYPICAL ERRORS IN THE USE OF VERBAL FORMS AS A CONSEQUENCE OF GAPS IN SCHOOL EDUCATION." Research Bulletin Series Philological Sciences 1, no. 193 (April 2021): 422–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.36550/2522-4077-2021-1-193-422-428.
Full textAbstract:
Verb is the most important part of speech because it is the syntactic and communicative center of the sentence. So the verb form errors is an important problem of culture of language. The mediaproducts (215 texts of different information genres) of first year students from the Institute of Journalism of the Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv was analyzed. A classification of tipical errors of verbs forms was suggested. Gaps in the school education (on the material of schools textbooks was analyzed) are the main cause of the following verb errors: verb-conjunction "to be" in the Present, verb nouns, passive verbs, passive participle, active participle, impersonal verbs, redundant constructs, lexical errors. The topics to supplement the school program of language was suggested. It is recommended to omit the verb-conjunction in the present tense; prefer verb forms, not nouns; use active constructions, not passive ones; not to use active present participles; the instrumental case of nouns should be used in the instrumental, not in the subjective sense; use adjectives as a predicate to describe the subject; not to use stationery and tautological constructions; distinguish the meaning of Ukrainian and Russian tokens.
34
Honkasalo, Sami. "Verb classes in Horpa." Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area 43, no. 2 (December 31, 2020): 255–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ltba.19013.hon.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Based on argument indexation properties, this paper offers a model of four verb classes for Geshiza and Stau, two closely related and endangered Horpa lects spoken in Sichuan. Despite increased awareness and interest in Horpa, no exhaustive classification of verbs from the viewpoint of argument indexation has been offered. Even though argument indexation itself has been discussed in previous scholarship, the striking diversity of argument indexation patterns has not been addressed. It is shown that both Geshiza and Stau, the two lects chosen as the sample for this study, share the same verb classes, even though the class assignment of individual cognate verbs occasionally varies. The paper also describes how semantic and animacy features inherent in verbs, most prominently compatibility with human S and P arguments resulting in compatibility with speech act participants, play a crucial role in verb class assignment. Establishing a framework for Horpa verb classes helps in the ongoing descriptive work of these languages. In addition, it offers new material for typological studies of argument indexation.
35
Hlebec, Boris. "Lexical Definitions of Some Performative Verbs." Studia Anglica Posnaniensia 50, no. 1 (March 1, 2015): 27–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/stap-2015-0015.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The author upholds Anna Wierzbicka’s opinion that unless strict scientific definitions of performatives are reached, no successful classification of these verbs can be made. The article compares definitions of the verb elect and four performative verbs (appoint, declare, excommunicate and pronounce) as presented in four English dictionaries, as well as in the form of Wierzbicka’s explicatives and the author’s formulations reached by means of the collocational method. This method seeks to gain a realistic insight into the semantic structure of lexemes because most metalinguistic elements are drawn from facts offered by the language itself. The definitions of the performative verbs, like of any other verb, can be marshalled by combining and incorporating semantic definitions of the collocating grammar words and constructions. The latter task is done by extracting the common content of the grammar words and constructions in the relevant meanings as appearing in collocations of their own. The same procedure is carried out for the noun collocates occurring in the subject and object slots of the verbs in question. The performative force within this small lexical field manifests gradation, depending on the presence of a person in authority.
36
Polezhaeva, Zh Yu, and T. G. Pismak. "Verbs of Light in Russian and French: Lexical-Semantic Classification and Grammatical Characteristics." Bulletin of Kemerovo State University 23, no. 1 (April 10, 2021): 265–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2078-8975-2021-23-1-265-277.
Full textAbstract:
This article deals with the lexical-semantic group of verbs that denote light in Russian and French. The authors compared their lexical-semantic classifications, characteristics, and grammatical parameters. The research involved the method of continuous sampling, lexical systematization, and component analysis. The paper introduces lexical-semantic subgroups of Russian and French verbs of light with their nucleus and periphery. A comparative analysis revealed some aspectual differences: Russian and French demonstrated different means of expressing some meanings and modes of action. The Russian language is synthetic and expresses these meanings lexematically. In the French language, which is analytical, these grammatical meanings do not always find their expression at the level of a single lexeme. The context and tense forms appeared to play an important role, and the verbs of light proved to be more numerous in Russian than in French. Despite the differences, the proposed classification of verbs of light turned out to be universal for both languages.
37
Srishti, Richa. "Verbs in Kashmiri: A Semantico-Syntactic Classification." American Research Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 6, no. 1 (July 12, 2020): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.21694/2378-7031.20007.
Full text
38
Kipper, Karin, Anna Korhonen, Neville Ryant, and Martha Palmer. "A large-scale classification of English verbs." Language Resources and Evaluation 42, no. 1 (December 12, 2007): 21–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10579-007-9048-2.
Full text
39
Davlatova, Mukhayyo. "ASPECTIVE AND LEXICO-SEMANTIC CLASSIFICATION OF VERBS." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WORD ART 1, no. 3 (January 30, 2020): 125–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.26739/2181-9297-2020-1-18.
Full textAbstract:
The article deals with the problem of and emotional and causal units of the English and Uzbek languages. It justifies that the semantic meaning is based on the causative feature of the verb plays.Despite the fact that extensive research has been carried out to determine the semanticsof a verb, it remains relevant to study its essence and integrate it into a specific template and implement the classification. In the classification of verb semantics, the category of action is important because it is a universal phenomenon that is common to all languages
40
Taft, Marcus, and Sonny Li. "It’s hard to be talented." Mental Lexicon 14, no. 1 (November 11, 2019): 124–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ml.18011.taf.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract In a visual lexical decision task, recognition is shown in two experiments to be harder for possessional adjectives that look like they are inflected verbs (e.g., talented) than for genuine inflected verbs (e.g., consulted), especially when the nonword distractors have real-word stems (e.g., infanted). Such a result implies that inflected words do not have a form-based whole word representation, but are recognized when functional information associated with their stem and affix is recombined after decomposition. A third experiment goes on to demonstrate that the addition of the verb suffix -ing to the noun stem of such pseudo-verb-stem words (i.e., talenting) leads to more erroneous classifications as a real word than when the stem is another type of noun (e.g., infanting). Moreover, a negative correlation is observed between the accuracy of recognition of the pseudo-verb-stem words and the classification as a nonword of the -ing version of their stems. On the basis of these experiments, a model is proposed in which a pseudo-verb-stem word is recognized through a lexical representation of its stem that corresponds to a bound ornative verb and which is different to the representation used to recognize its free-standing noun version.
41
Jelaska, Zrinka, and Tomislava Bošnjak Botica. "Conjugational types in Croatian." Rasprave Instituta za hrvatski jezik i jezikoslovlje 45, no. 1 (July 25, 2019): 47–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.31724/rihjj.45.1.3.
Full textAbstract:
This paper analyses a new classification of verb conjugation types in Croatian, which is based on both their canonical form – the infinitive, which is the non-finite verbal form par excellence, and the basic form – the present, which is on the other end of the finiteness scale. The first chapter provides a brief overview of Croatian conjugational typology, starting from the grammar by B. Kašić (1604) until the most recent grammars by Silić and Pranjković (2005), as well as Jelaska (2015), ranging from one up to twenty-nine categories. The recent typologies within structuralist, generative and cognitive approaches are described in more detail, especially in Jelaska and Bošnjak Botica (2012), where prototype-based categorization is argued for as the most appropriate categorization. The second part of the paper analyses some properties of the present classification into three groups (a, i, e) and ten types within them: the shape, productivity, size, usage and the relations between them. The data consists of 24,400 Croatian verbs, which are categorized into groups, types and subtypes. The first group has only one type as member (verbs such as gledati), the second has three members (verbs such as moliti, vidjeti and trčati), the third has six (verbs like pisati, smijati se, putovati, davati, viknuti, ići).
42
Zholshayeva, M., and T. Kalibekuly. "FUNCTIONAL AND SEMANTIC FEATURES OF THE VERB "ЖҮР" IN THE KAZAN LANGUAGE." BULLETIN Series of Philological Sciences 73, no. 3 (July 15, 2020): 66–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.51889/2020-3.1728-7804.11.
Full textAbstract:
The article focuses on the semantic and grammatical features of the verb zhur (zhur - walk), one of the most active words in the Kazakh language. Although this verb is semantically a verb of movement, it is considered together with the verbs that remain in the classification in relation to the semantic groups of words that mean action. The only reason for this is the grammatical features of the verb. Taking into account these features, the article identifies the basis for the combination of the lexeme with the lexical and semantic groups of verbs. This is done by conducting a component (semantic) analysis of the semantic structure of the leading verb in the analytical form of the verb and the semantic structure of the auxiliary verb associated with it. As a result, the functional and semantic features of the verb in the Kazakh language are identified, and the grammatical meanings of the analytical formant with this word in combination with the main verb are shown.
43
Nádvorníková, Olga. "Differences in the lexical variation of reporting verbs in French, English and Czech fiction and their impact on translation." Languages in Contrast 20, no. 2 (October 6, 2020): 209–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lic.00016.nad.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The aims of this paper are to analyse differences in the degree of lexical variation (type/token ratio and hapax/token ratio) of reporting verbs in reporting clauses placed medially or in postposition in English, French and Czech fiction and to evaluate their consequences in translation, especially in regard to explicitation/implicitation. We expect that, in translations from a language with a low degree of lexical variation of reporting verbs into a language with a high degree of lexical variation, the frequency and the degree of explicitation will be higher than in translations involving languages less different with respect to lexical variation. The analysis, relying on data extracted from the InterCorp multilingual corpus, proposes a classification of reporting verbs based on the type and amount of information conveyed, which allows evaluating the degree of explicitation operated in translations. The results show that most shifts involve only the neutral reporting verb say/dire, replaced by a stylistically more specific synonym or by a verb explicitating information obvious from the context. This suggests that modifications of reporting verbs in translation are motivated primarily by respect for the stylistic norm of the target language and the degree of acceptability of the repetition of the neutral reporting verb.
44
Mizin, Kostiantyn, Letiucha Liubov, and Oleksandr Petrov. "Representation of subjectively-evaluative derivates realization in modern Russian: verbal evaluatives." Przegląd Wschodnioeuropejski 11, no. 1 (June 30, 2020): 387–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.31648/pw.5996.
Full textAbstract:
A verb, as one of the basic parts of speech, is the primary concern of derivation process-oriented studies. However, verb-based subjectively-evaluative derivatives have not been the object of research yet. The article discusses potential capacities of verbs to form subjectivelyevaluative derivatives on the level of derivation in modern Russian. To avoid terminological confusion and to distinguish axiological vs. derivational evaluation the latter is represented by the term evaluative. The study argues an unjustified idea that the suffix -ану- is an evaluative of subjective evaluation. These verbs are referred to the derivatives of objective evaluation. We have provided a set of factors for the classification of subjectively-evaluative verbal derivatives, according to which they were classified. The analysis of language and speech material has allowed us to find the ways evaluative verbs are formed and the register of word forming affixes as a means of representing category of evaluation in the morpheme and word forming structure of the word.
45
Tatevosov, Sergei. "Actionality across (sub)paradigms." STUF - Language Typology and Universals 74, no. 3-4 (September 1, 2021): 561–620. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/stuf-2021-1045.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract This paper explores the verbal system of Tundra Nenets and offers a partition of the entire set of derivationally minimal verbs into actional classes, which include stative, process, inceptive-stative, ingressive-atelic, durative and punctual telic, durative and punctual ingressive, and bi-telic verbs. This classification is established in a bottom-up manner, starting from the lowest level of actional interpretations of individual subparadigms of a verb. As a result, 18 subparadigmatic classes are established. At the next stage, an actional characteristic is assigned to the entire paradigm and the 18 subparadigmatic classes are reduced to seven actional macroclasses. However, at the paradigmatic level, one discovers that for certain types of verbs actional information available paradigm-internally does not suffice. To recover the missing information, one needs to examine derivationally related lexical items that realize semantic configurations unavailable paradigm-internally. This paradigm-external perspective leads to the recognition of cross-paradigmatic actional characteristics assigned to groups of derivationally related verbs.
46
Colombo, Lucia, Ivilin Stoianov, Margherita Pasini, and Marco Zorzi. "The role of phonology in the inflection of Italian verbs." Mental Lexicon 1, no. 1 (May 5, 2006): 147–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ml.1.1.09col.
Full textAbstract:
We investigated the performance of two connectionist neural networks with different architectures to explore the degree of learning in generating the past participle form of Italian verbs on the basis of phonological characteristics. The networks were trained to generate the past participle form of verbs from different inflected input forms. We examined the degree of learning relative to the type of inflection given as input, the type of suffix produced, the classification of each verb according to the thematic vowel, the regularity of the stem and of the suffix. The networks were able to learn both regular and irregular forms, but the effect of regularity depended on the distributional properties of the conjugation to which a verb belongs, and on information provided by the input.
47
Bagasheva, Alexandra. "Beyond dichotomies : on the nature and classification of compound verbs in English." Linguistica 51, no. 1 (December 31, 2011): 39–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/linguistica.51.1.39-63.
Full textAbstract:
The study of compound verbs in English poses numerous problems, among which even their recognition as compounds on grounds of their derivation. Resulting from at least three different word-formation patterns, compound verbs constitute a heterogeneous class of complex lexemes. Their status as actual compound lexemes invites the differentiation between compounding as a word-formation process and compounds as a special class of lexemes. Even within the latter, compound verbs display marked properties at least in relation to the inability of standard classifications of compounds to capture and compromise their lexical uniformity and their heterogeneous origin. The adoption of a position in which it is argued that compound verbs in English constitute a constructional idiom and the application of scalar analytical notions which combine word-formationist and lexical-semantic accounts cast in the general framework of the cognitive linguistic enterprise yield informative generalizations concerning the linguistic and conceptual properties of compound verbs in English. In view of Radden and Dirven's (2007: 41-46) claim that we do not need "more than two basic types of conceptual units things and relations" in order to establish linguistically relevant conceptual distinctions, compound verbs pose a problem for neat dichotomous treatment as they very often both conceptually and in terms of form include a "thing" (e.g. to flat-hunt, to house-sit, to fellow-feel, to case-harden, etc.) and thus come closer to a "situation" than to a "relation". Exactly because of the fact that compound verbs profile/perspectivize "situations" as "relations", they function as special construal mechanisms and as such do not fit the subordinate/coordinate distinction, because they name situations. In view of the above the paper treats compound verbs as a constructional idiom whose analysis necessitates the recognition of the role of conceptual conversion mechanisms, scalar classificatory and interpretative criteria and uniform lexico-semantic treatment.
48
D’hoedt, Frauke, Hendrik De Smet, and Hubert Cuyckens. "Constructions Waxing and Waning: A Brief History of the Zero-Secondary Predicate Construction." Journal of English Linguistics 47, no. 1 (October 26, 2018): 3–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0075424218805524.
Full textAbstract:
In the English Secondary Predicate Construction (SPC), a predicative relation between a noun phrase (NP) and a “secondary predicate” (XP) is established by a main verb ( He finds Verb her NP attractive XP). While the syntactic nature of this construction has received ample attention from a synchronic perspective, this study aims to shed light on the diachronic developments of the SPC. First, using data from the York-Toronto-Helsinki Corpus of Old English Prose (YCOE) and the Penn corpora, a classification is proposed of the verbs occurring in the SPC. Based on this semantic classification, the development of the SPC is then traced from Old English to Late Modern English in terms of frequency and productivity. It is argued that, while the various classes of SPC-taking verbs often show opposite developments, these lower-level incongruities are resolved at a higher schematic level, as the SPC as a whole underwent a process of internalization. These findings underscore the importance of lower-level developments in the diachronic behavior of schematic constructions and consequently contribute to the literature on constructional change.
49
Hirakawa, Makiko. "L2 ACQUISITION OF JAPANESE UNACCUSATIVE VERBS." Studies in Second Language Acquisition 23, no. 2 (June 2001): 221–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0272263101002054.
Full textAbstract:
This paper reports on an experimental study that investigates the acquisition of Japanese unaccusative verbs by English-speaking learners. Following Levin and Rappaport Hovav (1995), it is assumed that unaccusativity is syntactically represented but semantically determined. The experiment is devised specifically to examine whether L2 learners are sensitive to syntactic and semantic properties associated with unaccusative verbs in Japanese, which contrast with the properties of unergative verbs. In particular, the experiment involved picture tasks with two structures: the takusan construction as a syntactic test and the -teiru construction as a semantic test. Overall results of the experiment show that L2 learners generally know the properties investigated; that is, that subjects of unaccusative verbs originate in object position, and semantic notions such as telicity and change of state are aspects of meaning relevant to the classification of unaccusativity in Japanese. Based on these results, it is argued that the mapping of verb arguments to syntactic positions is not random, but rule governed, for most of the L2 learners in the present study.
50
Ploscaru, Mihaela-Alina. "English and Japanese Inner Aspect." International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Translation 3, no. 10 (October 30, 2020): 115–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/ijllt.2020.3.10.14.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of the current paper is to revisit the topic of Inner Aspect, and explore it from two vantage points, taking both English and Japanese data into account. We will rely on Vendler’s classification of verbs, and use it so as to see whether the verb classes he introduced for English can also account for Japanese verbs. To do this, we will make use of a number of tests that Vendler as well as other authors have suggested. We will see that not all verbs can pass these tests, and that sometimes, in order for a verb to pass them, we have to entertain specific scenarios to allow them to do so. Lastly, we will turn our attention to the Japanese morpheme -te iru (the counterpart of the English -ing) and explore a specific interpretation that this morpheme allows in Japanese, interpretation which cannot be found in English: the state-result interpretation. The paper concludes with the argument that because the state-result reading is not available in English, then -ing morphology is appears to not be compatible with two verb classes: activities and achievements.