Academic literature on the topic 'Clastic dyke'

Pathogens of every type can affect the eye— bacterial, fungal, viral, protozoal, and parasitic. The eye is a complex structure but for the purposes of categorizing infections it can be viewed as a series of layers, which are: ● Conjunctiva ● Cornea ● Vitreous humour ● Retina The bulk of acute conjunctivitis is viral— up to 90% of infection will be due to adenovirus. Enterovirus species can cause acute epidemic haemorrhagic conjunctivitis, e.g. coxsackie A 24 virus, enterovirus 70. Bacterial causes are more common in children than adults and include S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, and H. influenzae. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other Gram negatives may cause conjunctivitis in contact lens wearers. It is sometimes possible to differentiate viral from bacterial disease clinically. Where viral conjunctivitis usually results in watery eyes and often comes in concert with a more generalized viral illness, bacterial infection usually occurs in the absence of systemic features and is more likely to be associated with purulent discharge or matting of the eyelids. Viral conjunctivitis does not require specific treatment save in the rare instances where herpes simplex virus is the causative agent—topical aciclovir can then be used. Bacterial infections, however, will resolve more rapidly with topical therapy. A wide range of preparations are available but topical chloramphenicol is the mainstay of treatment. Purulent conjunctivitis in the neonate is often a result of congenitally acquired N. gonorrhoeae or Chlamydia trachomatis infection. In these circumstances conjunctivitis can be the herald of systemic infection and it is therefore wise to treat both systemically and topically. Swabs can be sent for PCR and culture to identify the pathogen. Chlamydia can be treated with topical and oral azithromycin; gonococcal infection can be treated with topical chloramphenicol and a systemic cephalosporin chosen based on local sensitivity patterns. Sexually active adults can also occasionally suffer from these infections and should be treated similarly. Herpes simplex virus is a relatively common cause, usually inoculated directly into the eye by contaminated fingers. The classic presentation is with a unilateral dendritic ulcer, easily visualized on fluorescein dye staining. Herpes zoster virus can also affect the cornea—reactivation in the distribution of the ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve (CN V) results in ophthalmic shingles.

Starting from the assumption that wastewater treatments can have a significant impact on the interactions between microplastics (MPs) and various pollutants in different matrices, a focus must be directed on examination of classic and redesigned treatments to remove synthetic dyes in the presence of MPs from wastewater. This paper investigates the potential application of Fenton-like process for the removal of water-based printing dye (Cyan) from aqueous solution containing MPs in a form of granulated polyethylene (PEg). The influence of five quantitative parameters on decolorization efficienc

A common method to precisely control the material properties is to evenly distribute functional nanomaterials within the substrate. For example, it is possible to mix a silk solution and nanomaterials together to form one tuned silk sample. However, the nanomaterials are likely to aggregate in the traditional manual mixing processes. Here we report a pilot study of utilizing specific microfluidic mixing designs to achieve a uniform nanomaterial distribution with minimal aggregation. Mixing patterns are created based on classic designs and then validated by experimental results. The devices are