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Journal articles on the topic 'Clavicle – Anatomy'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Alexander, A. G., and A. D. Russa. "Morphometric parameters of clavicles among adult Black people in Tanzania." Anatomy Journal of Africa 9, no. 1 (2020): 1707–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/aja.v9i1.7.

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Morphological clavicular variation has been studied extensively by orthopaedic surgeons, anatomic and forensic experts to explain developmental, gender and age-related differences. The design of fixation devices for displaced clavicular fracture management depends largely on anatomic characteristics of clavicle. Eighty-one unpaired clavicles of unknown sex were studied, 42 clavicles were of right side and 39 clavicles of left side. All the clavicles were collected from adult cadavers which were dissected in Departments of Anatomy at Muhimbili and Herbert Kairuki Memorial Universities. The leng

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2

Qiu, Xu-sheng, Xiao-bo Wang, Yan Zhang, Yan-Cheng Zhu, Xia Guo, and Yi-xin Chen. "Anatomical Study of the Clavicles in a Chinese Population." BioMed Research International 2016 (2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6219761.

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Background. A reemergence of interest in clavicle anatomy was prompted because of the advocacy for operative treatment of midshaft clavicle fractures. Several anatomical studies of the clavicle have been performed in western population. However, there was no anatomical study of clavicle in Chinese population.Patients and Methods. 52 patients were included in the present study. Three-dimensional reconstructions of the clavicles were generated. The length of the clavicle, the widths and thicknesses of the clavicle, curvatures of the clavicle, the areas of the intramedullary canal, and sectional

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3

Bilodi, Arun Kumar S., B. N. Sinha, and S. Kumaran. "SOME OBSERVATION ON HUMAN CLAVICLE." Journal of Nepal Medical Association 41, no. 143 (2003): 441–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.31729/jnma.781.

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The present study was done in the human clavicles that were available from departmentof Anatomy of Nepalgunj Medical College, Chasapani Nepal. Observations were madeon length of the clavicle, mid shaft circumference cornoid tubercle Curvature index ofthe clavicles were also calculated. Results were analysed and discussed.Key Words: Mid shaft circumference-conoid-tubercle-curvature index,Subclavian groove, Trapezoid ridge.

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4

Hussain, Anwaar, Jawaria Khalid, and Abdul Rauf. "NUTRIENT FORAMEN;." Professional Medical Journal 25, no. 08 (2018): 1252–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2018.25.08.76.

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Objectives: To study the nutrient foramina of the dried human clavicle with respectto their position, number and direction for clinical interest. Study Design: Cross sectional study.Setting: Anatomy Department Faisalabad Medical University Faisalabad. Period: Six monthsfrom July to December 2017. Material and Methods: 60 dried human clavicles taken frombone bank of Anatomy Department Faisalabad Medical University Faisalabad. The foraminawere studied according to their location, and number and direction. The foramina index wascalculated using Hughes Formula by measuring the average total length

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5

Haque, M. K., D. I. Mansur, and K. Sharma. "Study on Curvatures of Clavicle With Its Clinical Importance." Kathmandu University Medical Journal 9, no. 4 (2012): 279–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kumj.v9i4.6344.

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Background The clavicle is the most frequently fractured bone of the human skeleton. 70–80% of fractures occur at the middle third of the shaft of the bone. Anatomical variations in the clavicle of relevance to form intramedullary fixation. Objectives The purpose of this study was attempted to know about comparative differences between curvatures of the right and left clavicles, from certain metrical parameters. Methods The materials for the present study consisted of 257 (135 right and 122 left) adult clavicles, which were collected from the Department of Anatomy and from the students of the

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6

Dakshayani K.R and Uma Shivanal. "Morphological study of nutrient foramen in adult human clavicles." International Journal of Anatomy and Research 9, no. 1.2 (2021): 7886–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2020.255.

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Introduction: The Clavicle is a modified long bone and only long bone which is placed horizontally and subcutaneously at the root of neck. It transmits the weight from upper limb to the axial skeleton. Nutrient foramen is the largest foramen on the long bones through which nutrient artery for the bones passes. The nutrient artery is the principal source of blood supply to a long bone, particularly important during its active growth period in the embryo and foetus, as well as during the early phase of ossification. The bone has a cylindrical part called the shaft and two ends, lateral and media

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7

Bernat, Amit, Toon Huysmans, Francis Van Glabbeek, Jan Sijbers, Jan Gielen, and Alexander Van Tongel. "The anatomy of the clavicle." Clinical Anatomy 27, no. 5 (2013): 712–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ca.22288.

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8

Stark, Michael J., and Michael J. DeFranco. "Elastic Intramedullary Nailing of a Medial Clavicle Fracture in a Pediatric Patient." Case Reports in Orthopedics 2017 (2017): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/6354284.

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Introduction. Injuries to the medial clavicle in pediatric patients typically involve the physis and/or sternoclavicular joint. Clavicle fractures are one of the most common injuries in children, but ones at its medial end are rare. Most medial clavicle fractures are treated nonoperatively, but surgery is indicated in some cases. This original case report is unique in describing the use of an elastic intramedullary nail for fixation of a completely displaced medial clavicle fracture in a pediatric patient. Case Presentation. A pediatric patient sustained a completely displaced fracture of the

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9

Sudha, R. "Study of clavicle : length and curvatures in South Indian population." National Journal of Clinical Anatomy 03, no. 04 (2014): 198–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-3401770.

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Abstract Background and aim of the study: The clavicle is a subcutaneous bone most frequently fractured at the junction of its lateral and middle third of the shaft. Anatomical variations of the curvatures of clavicle can be of relevance for surgical correction procedures like intramedullary or internal plate fixation. The aim of the present study was to observe variations of length and medial and lateral angles of curvatures of the clavicle in a sample of South Indian population. Materials and methods: One hundred and thirteen unpaired clavicles (50 left side, 63 right side) of unknown sex an

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10

Song, Hyun Seok, and Hyungsuk Kim. "Current concepts in the treatment of midshaft clavicle fractures in adults." Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow 24, no. 3 (2021): 189–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5397/cise.2021.00388.

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Midshaft clavicle fractures are the most common fracture of the clavicle accounting for 80% of all clavicle fractures. Traditionally, midshaft clavicle fractures are treated with conservative treatment even when prominent displacement is observed; however, recent studies revealed that nonunion or malunion rate may be higher with conservative treatment. Moreover, recent studies have shown better functional results and patient satisfaction with surgical treatment. This review article provides a review of clavicle anatomy, describes the current clavicle fracture classification system, and outline

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11

Shih, Kao-Shang, Ching-Chi Hsu, and Bo-Yu Shih. "A Biomechanical Study of Various Fixation Strategies for the Treatment of Clavicle Fractures Using Three-Dimensional Upper-Body Musculoskeletal Finite Element Models." Applied Sciences 10, no. 16 (2020): 5651. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10165651.

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Plate or nail fixations have been applied to the repair of clavicle fractures. However, it is quite difficult to fairly evaluate the different clavicle fixation techniques owing to variations in the bone anatomy, bone quality, and fracture pattern. The purpose of this study was to investigate the biomechanical performances of different fixation techniques applied to a clavicle fracture using the finite element method. A simplified single-clavicle model and a complete human upper-body skeleton model were developed in this study. Three types of plate fixations, namely, superior clavicle plate, a

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12

Renfree, Kevin J., Michael K. Riley, Donna Wheeler, Joseph G. Hentz, and Thomas W. Wright. "Ligamentous anatomy of the distal clavicle." Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 12, no. 4 (2003): 355–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1058-2746(03)00029-6.

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13

Acar, Musa, Şenay Burçin Alkan, Mehmet Sedat Durmaz, et al. "Measurement and analysis of thoracic outlet area with multidedector computerized tomography method." International Surgery Journal 5, no. 7 (2018): 2398. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20182755.

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Background: Thorasic exit; cervical, thoracic, and axillary regions and is a complex structure with three narrow ranges. There are three important structures in this region: subclaviane artery, subclavian vein and plexus brachialis. In this study, it was aimed to establish the reference range of some of the etiologic factors of thorasic outlet syndrome.Methods: This study was performed on 100 patients (50 females- 50 males) aged between 20 and 65 years. The distance between the sagittal planar clavicle and the first one is closest to each other. Again, the thickness of the clavicle was measure

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Manjunath CS and Tejaswi Hiremarali Lokanathan. "ANATOMY OF THE CLAVICLE AND ITS APPLICABILITY IN MANAGEMENT OF CLAVICULAR FRACTURES." International Journal of Anatomy and Research 4, no. 1 (2016): 2069–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2016.144.

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15

Kakkar, Rohil Singh, Deepak Mehta, and Ankit Sisodia. "Functional and radiological assessment of displaced midshaft clavicle fractures treated through open reduction and internal fixation surgery using pre-contoured locking compression plates." International Surgery Journal 7, no. 7 (2020): 2261. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20202833.

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Background: Fractures of the clavicle constitute approximately 2.6% of all the fractures and nearly 44-66% of fractures around shoulder.Methods: This particular study is intended to assess the functional and radiological outcomes in a series of 32 patients with closed displaced midshaft clavicle fractures treated through open reduction and internal fixation surgery using pre-contoured clavicle locking compression plates.Results: All 32 patients achieved fracture union within 6 months follow up period. As per Constant-Murley scoring, 56.25% cases had excellent results, 34.37% cases had good, 6.

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16

Nolte, Philip-C., Joe J. Ruzbarsky, Kaare S. Midtgaard, et al. "Quantitative and Qualitative Surgical Anatomy of the Acromioclavicular Joint Capsule and Ligament: A Cadaveric Study." American Journal of Sports Medicine 49, no. 5 (2021): 1183–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363546521995504.

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Background: The acromioclavicular (AC) capsule and ligament have been found to play a major role in maintaining horizontal stability. To reconstruct the AC capsule and ligament, precise knowledge of their anatomy is essential. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purposes of this study were (1) to determine the angle of the posterosuperior ligament in regard to the axis of the clavicle, (2) to determine the width of the attachment (footprint) of the AC capsule and ligament on the acromion and clavicle, (3) to determine the distance to the AC capsule from the cartilage border of the acromion and clavicle, a

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17

Iamsaard, S., K. Ailadda, S. Apichakan, and T. Panya. "Classification and incidence of medial articular surface in Northeastern-Thai clavicles." Journal of Morphological Sciences 34, no. 01 (2017): 044–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4322/jms.104816.

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Abstract Introduction: The medial articular surface of dried clavicles have been studied to evaluate sex and age in many races. This morphological investigation in Thai population has never been reported. This study aimed to classify the clavicular medial surfaces and to provide their incidences. Materials and Methods: 454 dried clavicles (254 males and 200 females), averaged age (60.69±14.36 years), from KKU Osteological Collection Unit, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, were systemically investigated for types and incidence of their medial articular surface. R

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18

Kulkarni, Arvind, and Ankit Patel. "Motion preservation surgery: excision of juxta C5–C6 intervertebral disc osteoid osteoma using 3D C-arm based navigation: technical report." SICOT-J 4 (2018): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/sicotj/2018052.

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Introduction: Precise targeted excision of the C5–C6 osteoid osteoma with placement of reference array on clavicle with minimal disturbance of anatomy and motion. Methods: A 20-year-old male presented with an osteoid osteoma in the superior end plate of the C6 vertebra abutting the spinal canal causing intractable pain. The authors curetted the nidus using a 3D C-arm-based intraoperative scan integrated with an optical navigation system through a minimal access anterior cervical exposure. The patient reference array was affixed to the left clavicle using a threaded pin. Results: The postoperat

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19

Charilaou, Johan, Roopam Dey, Marilize Burger, Sudesh Sivarasu, Ruan van Staden, and Stephen Roche. "Quantitative fit analysis of acromion fracture plating systems using three-dimensional reconstructed scapula fractures – A multi-observer study." SICOT-J 7 (2021): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/sicotj/2021028.

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Introduction: Surgical treatment of displaced acromial and scapula spine fractures may be challenging due to the bony anatomy and variable fracture patterns. This difficulty is accentuated by the limitations of the available scapular plates for fracture fixation. This study compares the quantitative fitting of anatomic scapular plates and clavicle plates, using three-dimensional (3D) printed fractured scapulae. Methods: Fourteen scapulae with acromion and spine fractures were used for this study. Computerized tomographic (CT) scans of the fractured scapulae were obtained from the Philips pictu

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20

Stout, Sam D., and Robert R. Paine. "Histological age estimation using rib and clavicle." American Journal of Physical Anthropology 87, no. 1 (1992): 111–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.1330870110.

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21

Melillo, Stephanie, Philipp Gunz, Hélène Coqueugniot, Stefan Reske, and Jean-Jacques Hublin. "Structural effects of variation in the human clavicle." American Journal of Physical Anthropology 168, no. 4 (2019): 687–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.23787.

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22

Benazzi, Stefano, Marco Orlandi, and Giorgio Gruppioni. "Technical note: Virtual reconstruction of a fragmentary clavicle." American Journal of Physical Anthropology 138, no. 4 (2009): 507–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.20997.

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23

Bachoura, Abdo, Andrew S. Deane, and Srinath Kamineni. "Clavicle anatomy and the applicability of intramedullary midshaft fracture fixation." Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 21, no. 10 (2012): 1384–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jse.2011.10.032.

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24

RadhaRamani, B., and D. Ashalatha. "Sonographic study of fetal clavicle length." Journal of the Anatomical Society of India 67 (August 2018): S58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jasi.2018.06.102.

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25

Andermahr, Jonas, Axel Jubel, Andreas Elsner, et al. "Anatomy of the clavicle and the intramedullary nailing of midclavicular fractures." Clinical Anatomy 20, no. 1 (2006): 48–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ca.20269.

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26

Rahul, Jha, Kumar Sushil, Bhatnagar Rajan, and Ahuja Manish Singh. "Metrical study of sexual dimorphism in clavicle." Journal of the Anatomical Society of India 67 (August 2018): S32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jasi.2018.06.020.

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27

Kaur, J., T. Sharma, A. Wadhwa, and M. Sharma. "Bilateral Variation in the Origin of Sternocleidomastoid Muscle." International Journal of Medical and Dental Sciences 2, no. 2 (2013): 229. http://dx.doi.org/10.19056/ijmdsjssmes/2013/v2i2/86792.

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Morphological variations of sternocleidomastoid are not uncommon. During our routine dissection, in the department of anatomy PIMS Jalandhar, we encountered a rare case of presence of third head of sternocleidomastoid, bilaterally. This anomalous head is arising from clavicle lateral to the clavicular head of sternocleidomastoid muscle. This report not only adds to the knowledge of anatomists but will hold good to surgeons, anaesthetists and radiologists as well.

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Saccomanno, Maristella, Carmine De Ieso, and Giuseppe Milano. "Acromioclavicular joint instability: anatomy, biomechanics and evaluation." Joints 02, no. 02 (2014): 87–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.11138/jts/2014.2.2.087.

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Acromioclavicular (AC) joint instability is a common source of pain and disability. The injury is most commonly a result of a direct impact to the AC joint. The AC joint is surrounded by a capsule and has an intraarticular synovium and an articular cartilage interface. An articular disc is usually present in the joint, but this varies in size and shape. The AC joint capsule is quite thin, but has considerable ligamentous support; there are four AC ligaments: superior, inferior, anterior and posterior. The coracoclavicular (CC) ligament complex consists of the conoid and trapezoid ligaments. Th

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29

King, P. R., S. Scheepers, and A. Ikram. "Anatomy of the clavicle and its medullary canal: a computed tomography study." European Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery & Traumatology 24, no. 1 (2012): 37–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00590-012-1130-9.

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30

Scarborough, Alexander, Robert J. MacFarlane, Michail Klontzas, Rui Zhou, and Mohammad Waseem. "Compression neuropathies of the forearm: anatomy, clinical features and management." British Journal of Hospital Medicine 82, no. 8 (2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/hmed.2021.0187.

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The upper limb consists of four major parts: a girdle formed by the clavicle and scapula, the arm, the forearm and the hand. Peripheral nerve lesions of the upper limb are divided into lesions of the brachial plexus or the nerves arising from it. Lesions of the nerves arising from the brachial plexus are further divided into upper (proximal) or lower (distal) lesions based on their location. Peripheral nerves in the forearm can be compressed in various locations and by a wide range of pathologies. A thorough understanding of the anatomy and clinical presentations of these compression neuropath

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31

Souza Junior, Paulo, Wilson Viotto‐Souza, Vanessa Pereira Mendes, et al. "Clavicle in Carnivorans: A Forgotten Bone." Anatomical Record 303, no. 7 (2019): 1831–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.24294.

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32

Kaur, Harbir, and Indar Jit. "Age estimation from cortical index of the human clavicle in northwest Indians." American Journal of Physical Anthropology 83, no. 3 (1990): 297–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.1330830304.

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33

Tubbs, R. Shane, E. George Salter, James W. Custis, John C. Wellons, Jeffrey P. Blount, and W. Jerry Oakes. "Surgical anatomy of the cervical and infraclavicular parts of the long thoracic nerve." Journal of Neurosurgery 104, no. 5 (2006): 792–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.2006.104.5.792.

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Object There is insufficient information in the neurosurgical literature regarding the long thoracic nerve (LTN). Many neurosurgical procedures necessitate a thorough understanding of this nerve's anatomy, for example, brachial plexus exploration/repair, passes for ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement, pleural placement of a ventriculopleural shunt, and scalenotomy. In the present study the authors seek to elucidate further the surgical anatomy of this structure. Methods Eighteen cadaveric sides were dissected of the LTN, anatomical relationships were observed, and measurements were obtained b

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34

M, Pushpalatha, Sharmadha K L, and Meenakshi P. "TOPOGRAPHIC ANATOMY AND MORPHOLOGY OF NUTRIENT FORAMEN OF THE CLAVICLE : AN OSTEOLOGICAL STUDY." Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare 2, no. 6 (2015): 729–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.18410/jebmh/2015/102.

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35

Rios, Clifford G., Robert A. Arciero, and Augustus D. Mazzocca. "Anatomy of the Clavicle and Coracoid Process for Reconstruction of the Coracoclavicular Ligaments." American Journal of Sports Medicine 35, no. 5 (2007): 811–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363546506297536.

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36

Ishwarkumar, S., P. Pillay, M. R. Haffajee, and C. Rennie. "Sex Determination Using Morphometric and Morphological Dimensions of the Clavicle within the KwaZulu-Natal Population." International Journal of Morphology 34, no. 1 (2016): 244–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0717-95022016000100035.

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37

Patel, Rushin P., Shakti Goel, and Pankaj R. Patel. "Aneurysmal Bone Cyst of Clavicle in a Six-Year-Old Male Child." Journal of Medical Research and Innovation 1, no. 3 (2017): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.15419/jmri.80.

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Aneurysmal Bone Cyst (ABCs) is a cystic expansile lesion which is usually found in solitary locations in the metaphysis of long bones. The most common locations of ABC are long bones of lower limbs. There is little knowledge about the presence of this tumor in Clavicle. Here we present a case of a six year old male child who presented with complaint of swelling in left shoulder for four months. There was a dilemma in the diagnosis of the swelling due to its unusual presentation and appearance. The Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology was also inconclusive. The diagnosis of ABC was made only by exci

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Tran, Simone, and Brian K. Hall. "Growth of the Clavicle and Development of Clavicular Secondary Cartilage in the Embryonic Mouse." Cells Tissues Organs 135, no. 3 (1989): 200–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000146754.

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Katthagen, J. Christoph, Daniel Cole Marchetti, Kimi D. Dahl, Travis Lee Turnbull, and Peter J. Millett. "Biomechanical Comparison of Surgical Techniques for Resection Arthroplasty of the Sternoclavicular Joint." American Journal of Sports Medicine 44, no. 7 (2016): 1832–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363546516639302.

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Background: The optimal location and extent of medial clavicle resection for sternoclavicular (SC) joint resection arthroplasty are unknown. Hypothesis: Resection of the intra-articular disc alone cannot reliably decompress the SC joint, and a parallel resection technique will decompress the SC joint significantly more compared with the same amount with an oblique resection technique. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Force transmission through the SC joint was measured in 7 matched-pair human cadaveric SC joints in a dynamic tensile testing machine. The specimens were random

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Steinmetz, Garrett, Scott Conant, Barrett Bowlin, et al. "The Anatomy of the Clavicle and Its In Vivo Relationship to the Vascular Structures." Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma 34, no. 1 (2020): e14-e19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/bot.0000000000001633.

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Kotekar, Mohamed Faheem, Shailesh Pai, K. Yogesh, M. Ajith Kumar, and M. Shantharam Shetty. "Anatomy of clavicle in the Indian population and its applicability in pre-contoured plating." International Orthopaedics 44, no. 4 (2019): 699–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00264-019-04390-2.

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Mathieu, Pierre-Alain, Pierre-Sylvain Marcheix, Vincent Hummel, Denis Valleix, and Christian Mabit. "Anatomical study of the clavicle: endomedullary morphology." Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy 36, no. 1 (2013): 11–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00276-013-1140-2.

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43

Falys, Ceri G., and Dennis Prangle. "Estimating age of mature adults from the degeneration of the sternal end of the clavicle." American Journal of Physical Anthropology 156, no. 2 (2014): 203–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.22639.

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44

Yamamura, Satoshi, Shogo Hayashi, Zhong-Lian Li, et al. "Investigations of cortical and cancellous clavicle bone patterns reveal an explanation for the load transmission and the higher incidence of lateral clavicle fractures in the elderly: a CT-based cadaveric study." Anatomical Science International 93, no. 4 (2018): 479–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12565-018-0437-y.

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45

Barma, Saranya Deb, Gunamani Rabha, and Kunjalal Talukdar. "Accessory head of sternocleidomastoid-a case report." National Journal of Clinical Anatomy 04, no. 04 (2015): 205–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-3401578.

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AbstractAs many important nerves emerge from the posterior border of sternocleidomastoid (SCM), it is important to know the morphological anatomy of sternocleidomastoid for surgical as well as radiological purpose. During routine dissection of head and neck for student demonstration, an accessory head of sternocleidomastoid was found arising from the superior surface of the middle third of the clavicle on the right side of the neck. Sternocleidomastoid is a key landmark as it divides the neck into anterior and lateral regions (anterior and posterior triangles respectively. Morphological variat

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Almeida, Bárbara Guedes, Maria Luana Barbosa Souza, Heitor Victor Veiga Costa, Carolina Peixoto Magalhâes, Jaciel Benedito Oliveira, and Renata Cristinny de Farias Campina. "Morphological and Morphometric Study of the Clavicle: A Tool for Gender Identification in Cadavers." Journal of Morphological Sciences 37 (2020): 75–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.51929/jms.37.13.2020.

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Klembara, Jozef, and Marcello Ruta. "The seymouriamorph tetrapod Ariekanerpeton sigalovi from the Lower Permian of Tadzhikistan. Part II: Postcranial anatomy and relationships." Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences 96, no. 1 (2005): 71–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263593300001243.

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ABSTRACTThe postcranial skeleton of Ariekanerpeton sigalovi (Seymouriamorpha: Discosauriscidae; Lower Permian, Tadzhikistan) differs from that of like-sized Discosauriscus specimens in showing: wider interclavicle anterior plate with smaller, rhomboidal sculptured field on its ventral surface not reaching plate posteromedial margins; broader interclavicle plate-stem junction; slightly narrower interclavicle posterior stem; anteroposteriorly narrower clavicle ventral plate with convex posterior margin; shorter, more robust humerus; four phalanges on fourth manus digit (five phalanges in Discosa

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Walker, Robert A., and C. Owen Lovejoy. "Radiographic changes in the clavicle and proximal femur and their use in the determination of skeletal age at death." American Journal of Physical Anthropology 68, no. 1 (1985): 67–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.1330680107.

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Wiśniewski, Marcin, Mariusz Baumgart, Magdalena Grzonkowska, et al. "Quantitative anatomy of the growing clavicle in the human fetus: CT, digital image analysis, and statistical study." Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy 39, no. 8 (2017): 827–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00276-017-1821-3.

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Andermahr, Jonas, Axel Jubel, Andreas Elsner, et al. "Malunion of the clavicle causes significant glenoid malposition: a quantitative anatomic investigation." Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy 28, no. 5 (2006): 447–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00276-006-0122-z.

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