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Journal articles on the topic 'Clavulanate acid'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 7 June 2025

Last updated: 2 August 2025

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1

Drozdov, V. N., D. D. Ermakova, S. Yu Serebrova, et al. "Therapeutic potential of combination antimicrobial drug amoxycillin/clavulanate in children." Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council, no. 10 (July 29, 2020): 144–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.21518/2079-701x-2020-10-144-150.

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Combination of amoxicillin/clavulanate firstly occurred on a pharmacological market in 1977 and it is still has been used successfully for treatment of infections in children and adults. Clavulanic acid provides an opportunity to fight microorganisms that produce specific enzymes – beta-lactamases. Despite the global antibiotic resistance problem, amoxicillin/clavulanate is still active against different infections in children. The level of susceptibility to amoxicillin/clavulanate of St. pneumonia is high for a period of 40 years. Based on the multicenter study of the antimicrobial resistance

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Severin, A., E. Severina, and A. Tomasz. "Abnormal physiological properties and altered cell wall composition in Streptococcus pneumoniae grown in the presence of clavulanic acid." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 41, no. 3 (1997): 504–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.41.3.504.

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Subinhibitory concentrations of clavulanate caused premature induction of stationary-phase autolysis, sensitization to lysozyme, and reductions in the MICs of deoxycholate and penicillin for Streptococcus pneumoniae. In the range of clavulanate concentrations producing these effects, this beta-lactam compound was selectively bound to PBP 3. Cell walls isolated from pneumococci grown in the presence of clavulanate showed increased sensitivity to the hydrolytic action of purified pneumococcal autolysin in vitro. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis of the peptidoglycan isolated from t

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3

Berry, Valerie, Jennifer Hoover, Christine Singley, and Gary Woodnutt. "Comparative Bacteriological Efficacy of Pharmacokinetically Enhanced Amoxicillin-Clavulanate against Streptococcus pneumoniae with Elevated Amoxicillin MICs and Haemophilus influenzae." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 49, no. 3 (2005): 908–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.49.3.908-915.2005.

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ABSTRACT A new pharmacokinetically enhanced formulation of amoxicillin-clavulanate (2,000 mg of amoxicillin/125 mg of clavulanate twice a day; ratio 16:1) has been designed, with sustained-release technology, to allow coverage of bacterial strains with amoxicillin-clavulanic acid MICs of at least 4/2 μg/ml. The bacteriological efficacy of amoxicillin-clavulanate, 2,000/125 mg twice a day, ratio 16:1, was compared in a rat model of respiratory tract infection versus four other amoxicillin-clavulanate formulations: 8:1 three times a day (1,000/125 mg), 7:1 three times a day (875/125 mg), 7:1 twi

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4

Jerzsele, Ákos, and Gábor Nagy. "The stability of amoxicillin trihydrate and potassium clavulanate combination in aqueous solutions." Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 57, no. 4 (2009): 485–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/avet.57.2009.4.3.

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The effect of various environmental factors on the stability of aqueous solutions of amoxicillin-clavulanic acid combination in a veterinary water-soluble powder product was investigated. In the swine industry, the combination is administered via the drinking water, where both substances are quickly decomposed depending on several environmental factors. The degradation rate of the substances was determined in solutions of different water hardness levels (German hardness of 2, 6 and 10) and pH values (3.0, 7.0 and 10.0), and in troughs made of different materials (metal or plastic). Increasing

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5

Fricke, G., M. Doerck, D. Hafner, R. Horton, and M. Kresken. "The pharmacokinetics of ticarcillin/clavulanate acid in neonates." Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 24, suppl B (1989): 111–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jac/24.suppl_b.111.

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Manageiro, Vera, Eugénia Ferreira, Antony Cougnoux, Luís Albuquerque, Manuela Caniça та Richard Bonnet. "Characterization of the Inhibitor-Resistant SHV β-Lactamase SHV-107 in a Clinical Klebsiella pneumoniae Strain Coproducing GES-7 Enzyme". Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 56, № 2 (2011): 1042–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.01444-10.

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ABSTRACTThe clinicalKlebsiella pneumoniaeINSRA6884 strain exhibited nonsusceptibility to all penicillins tested (MICs of 64 to >2,048 μg/ml). The MICs of penicillins were weakly reduced by clavulanate (from 2,048 to 512 μg/ml), and tazobactam restored piperacillin susceptibility. Molecular characterization identified the genesblaGES-7and a new β-lactamase gene,blaSHV-107, which encoded an enzyme that differed from SHV-1 by the amino acid substitutions Leu35Gln and Thr235Ala. The SHV-107-producingEscherichia colistrain exhibited only a β-lactam resistance phenotype with respect to amoxicilli

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7

Lee, Sangyoung, Da Hyun Kim, Sabin Shin, et al. "Development and Validation of Bioanalytical LC–MS/MS Method for Pharmacokinetic Assessment of Amoxicillin and Clavulanate in Human Plasma." Pharmaceuticals 18, no. 7 (2025): 998. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph18070998.

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Background/Objectives: We developed and validated a robust and simple LC–MS/MS method for the simultaneous quantification of amoxicillin and clavulanate in human plasma relative to previously reported methods. Methods: Amoxicillin; clavulanate; and an internal standard, 4-hydroxytolbutamide, in human K2-EDTA plasma, were deproteinized with acetonitrile and then subjected to back-extraction using distilled water–dichloromethane. Separation was performed on a Poroshell 120 EC-C18 column with a mobile-phase gradient comprising 0.1% aqueous formic acid and acetonitrile at a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min

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8

Simpson, I., J. Durodie, S. Knott, B. Shea, J. Wilson, and K. Machka. "Effects of Following National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards and Deutsche Industrie Norm-Medizinische Mikrobiologie Guidelines, Country of Isolate Origin, and Site of Infection on Susceptibility of Escherichia coli to Amoxicillin-Clavulanate (Augmentin)." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 36, no. 5 (1998): 1361–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.36.5.1361-1365.1998.

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Amoxicillin-clavulanate (Augmentin), as a combination of two active agents, poses extra challenges over single agents in establishing clinically relevant breakpoints for in vitro susceptibility tests. Hence, reported differences in amoxicillin-clavulanate percent susceptibilities among Escherichia coli isolates may reflect localized resistance problems and/or methodological differences in susceptibility testing and breakpoint criteria. The objectives of the present study were to determine the effects of (i) methodology, e.g., those of the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (N

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9

Jin, Xiaoqing, Guangxiang Cao, Xiaoxiao Zhang, Yuguo Chen, Liang Wang, and Chuanqing Zhong. "Studies on the formation and synthetic mechanism of related substance G in potassium clavulanate production." Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 51, no. 1 (2015): 77–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1984-82502015000100008.

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The objective of this study was to investigate the formation and synthetic mechanism of related substance G in potassium clavulanate production. The impurity in the potassium clavulanate final product, with a retention time of 13.5 min, was confirmed as related substance G by high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry. Related substance G analysis during the production of clavulanic acid showed that this impurity could be synthesized during fermentation, and the amount increased with the fermentation time. Studies on its synthetic mechanism showed that L-tyrosin

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10

Zade, S. S., Bhatpalliwar V.B, N. S. Mendhule, M. V. Murkhekar, R. S. Alaspure, and N. J. Durugkar. "Validation of RP-HPLC Method for Simultaneous Estimation of Cefixime Trihydrate and Clavulanate Potassium in Tablets." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology 6, no. 2 (2013): 2033–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.37285/ijpsn.2013.6.2.4.

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A simple, accurate, precise, rapid and economic HPLC method has been developed and validated for the simultaneous estimation of cefixime trihydrate and clavulanate potassium in tablet dosage forms. The chromatographic separation was achieved on a Hypersil C18 column (4.6 x 250 mm, 5 μm particle size). For HPLC method development, a mobile phase consisting of methanol: 30 mM potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer pH 3.0 adjusted with orthophosphoric acid (30:70 v/v) was used at flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. The optimum wavelength selected was 278 nm. Under these chromatographic conditions, cefixime t

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11

Oliver, Antonio, María Pérez-Vázquez, Manuel Martínez-Ferrer, Fernando Baquero, Luis de Rafael та Rafael Cantón. "Ampicillin-Sulbactam and Amoxicillin-Clavulanate Susceptibility Testing of Escherichia coli Isolates with Different β-Lactam Resistance Phenotypes". Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 43, № 4 (1999): 862–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.43.4.862.

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ABSTRACT The activities of ampicillin-sulbactam and amoxicillin-clavulanate were studied with 100 selected clinical Escherichia coliisolates with different β-lactam susceptibility phenotypes by standard agar dilution and disk diffusion techniques and with a commercial microdilution system (PASCO). A fixed ratio (2:1) and a fixed concentration (clavulanate, 2 and 4 μg/ml; sulbactam, 8 μg/ml) were used in the agar dilution technique. The resistance frequencies for amoxicillin-clavulanate with different techniques were as follows: fixed ratio agar dilution, 12%; fixed concentration 4-μg/ml agar d

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Kaye, Keith S., Howard S. Gold, Mitchell J. Schwaber та ін. "Variety of β-Lactamases Produced by Amoxicillin-Clavulanate-Resistant Escherichia coli Isolated in the Northeastern United States". Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 48, № 5 (2004): 1520–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.48.5.1520-1525.2004.

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ABSTRACT This study analyzed the enzymatic basis and molecular epidemiology of amoxicillin-clavulanate-resistant Escherichia coli isolated by the microbiology laboratory of a United States tertiary care hospital. From October 1998 to December 1999, all E. coli isolates were screened for ampicillin-sulbactam resistance. Of 283 isolates that tested resistant to ampicillin-sulbactam, 69 unique patient isolates were also resistant to amoxicillin-clavulanate by disk diffusion testing (zone diameter ≤ 13 mm). These amoxicillin-clavulanate-resistant E. coli isolates underwent agar dilution testing, p

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13

Lee, S. Y., J. A. Jung, J. R. Kim, W. S. Huh, and J. W. Ko. "Effect of Amoxicillin/Clavulanate on the Pharmacokinetics of Valproic Acid." Clinical Therapeutics 37, no. 8 (2015): e26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clinthera.2015.05.081.

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14

Stapleton, Paul D., Kevin P. Shannon та Gary L. French. "Construction and Characterization of Mutants of the TEM-1 β-Lactamase Containing Amino Acid Substitutions Associated with both Extended-Spectrum Resistance and Resistance to β-Lactamase Inhibitors". Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 43, № 8 (1999): 1881–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.43.8.1881.

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ABSTRACT Extended-spectrum TEM β-lactamases (ESBLs) do not usually confer resistance to β-lactamase inhibitors such as clavulanate or tazobactam. To investigate the compatibility of the two phenotypes we used site-directed mutagenesis of the bla TEM-1gene to introduce into the TEM-1 β-lactamase amino acid substitutions that confer the ESBL phenotype: TEM-12 (Arg164→Ser), TEM-26 (Arg164→Ser plus Glu104→Lys), TEM-19 (Gly238→Ser), and TEM-15 (Gly238→Ser plus Glu104→Lys). These were combined with three sets of substitutions that confer inhibitor resistance: TEM-31 (Arg244→Cys), TEM-33 (Met69→Leu),

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15

Zhong, Chuanqing, Guangxiang Cao, Xiaoqing Jin, and Fengshan Wang. "Studies on the formation and forming mechanism of the related substance E in potassium clavulanate production by HPLC-MS/MS." Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 50, no. 2 (2014): 391–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1984-82502014000200019.

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The objective of this study was to investigate the formation and forming mechanism of the related substance E in potassium clavulanate production. The impurity with retention time of 11.1 min in potassium clavulanate final product was confirmed as the related substance E by high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometric detection (HPLC-MS/MS).The related substance E analysis during the production of clavulanic acid showed that this impurity could be formed during both the fermentation and purification processes, especially in the later fermentation stage, filtration conc

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16

S. Shaokat, Siham, and Hamoudi A. Hameed. "Synergistic Effect of Potassium Clavulanate in Combination withCefamandol and Ceftazidime on B- Lactamase, Extracted From Resistant E.coli." Iraqi Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-ISSN: 1683 - 3597 , E-ISSN : 2521 - 3512) 15, no. 2 (2017): 8–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.31351/vol15iss2pp8-16.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate in-vitro activity of Cefamandol and Ceftazidime, in combination with potassium clavulanate against 10 uropathogenic E.coli isolated from patients with chronic complicated urinary tract infections (UTIs), these isolates were identified by the Api identification systems.The antimicrobial susceptibility tests were determined by Kirby-Bauer method and the minimum inhibitory concentrations of Cefamandol and Ceftazidime, were determined, by tube method. These isolates were resistant to Ampicillin (Amp), Amoxicillin (Amo), Carbenicillin (Cb), Ticarcillin (Tic), A

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17

Matic, V. "Contribution of -lactamase and PBP amino acid substitutions to amoxicillin/clavulanate resistance in -lactamase-positive, amoxicillin/clavulanate-resistant Haemophilus influenzae." Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 52, no. 6 (2003): 1018–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkg474.

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18

Gómez-Ríos, David, Howard Ramírez-Malule, Peter Neubauer, Stefan Junne, and Rigoberto Ríos-Estepa. "Data of clavulanic acid and clavulanate-imidazole stability at low temperatures." Data in Brief 23 (April 2019): 103775. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2019.103775.

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19

Rizwi, I., A. K. Tan, A. L. Fink та R. Virden. "Clavulanate inactivation of Staphylococcus aureus β-lactamase". Biochemical Journal 258, № 1 (1989): 205–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2580205.

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The interaction of clavulanic acid with beta-lactamase from Staphylococcus aureus was investigated, particularly with a view to determining whether conformational effects are involved. The inactivation at neutral pH is essentially stoichiometric, leading to an inactive species with an enamine chromophore. Two forms of the enamine were observed, the first-formed having a positive ellipticity with a maximum near 290 nm. This species slowly converted into the stable form of the inactivated enzyme that had a negative ellipticity with a minimum at 275 nm. This change in sign of the ellipticity of t

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20

Gonzalo, Ximena, and Francis Drobniewski. "Are the Newer Carbapenems of Any Value against Tuberculosis." Antibiotics 11, no. 8 (2022): 1070. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11081070.

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Our aim was to assess whether newer carbapenems with a better administration profile than meropenem (ertapenem, faropenem and tebipenem) were more effective against Mycobacterium tuberculosis including M/XDRTB and determine if there was a synergistic/antagonistic effect with amoxicillin or clavulanate (inhibitor of beta-lactamases that MTB possesses) in vitro. Whilst meropenem is given three times a day intravenously, ertapenem, though given parenterally, is given once a day, faropenem and tebipenem are given orally. Eighty-two clinical drug-sensitive and -resistant MTB strains and a laborator

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21

Tzouvelekis, L. S., M. Gazouli, E. E. Prinarakis, E. Tzelepi, and N. J. Legakis. "Comparative evaluation of the inhibitory activities of the novel penicillanic acid sulfone Ro 48-1220 against beta-lactamases that belong to groups 1, 2b, and 2be." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 41, no. 2 (1997): 475–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.41.2.475.

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The inhibitory activity of the penicillanic acid sulfone Ro 48-1220 against group 1, 2b, and 2be beta-lactamases was evaluated. Ro 48-1220 inhibited TEM and SHV as effectively as clavulanate and tazobactam. It also inhibited group 1 beta-lactamases at lower concentrations than tazobactam. Ro 48-1220, at a concentration of 4 micrograms/ml, protected ceftriaxone and ceftazidime against strains producing group 1 and 2be beta-lactamases.

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Batra, Priyam, Surbhi Khurana, Aishwarya Govindaswamy, et al. "Antibiotic resistance profile and co-production of extended spectrum beta lactamases and AmpC in Acinetobacter spp. in a level 1 trauma center from India." Journal of Laboratory Physicians 11, no. 02 (2019): 128–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jlp.jlp_139_18.

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Abstract INTRODUCTION: Acinetobacter baumannii has now emerged as a significant nosocomial pathogen in health-care setting ESP in intensive care units. Rapidly growing resistance among clinical isolates suggests a need to detect resistance mechanisms in this organism. The present study was designed to compare the various phenotypic tests available with the gold standard of genotype. METHODOLOGY: The present study was conducted to include all isolates of Acinetobacter spp. isolated over 3 years. Their resistance to various antibiotics was determined and extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL)

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AHMAD, KAFEEL, FARYAL KHATTAK, AMJAD ALI та ін. "Carbapenemases and Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase–Producing Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli Isolated from Retail Chicken in Peshawar: First Report from Pakistan". Journal of Food Protection 81, № 8 (2018): 1339–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-18-045.

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ABSTRACT We report the prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamases and carbapenemases in Escherichia coli isolated from retail chicken in Peshawar, Pakistan. One hundred E. coli isolates were recovered from retail chicken. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was carried out against ampicillin, chloramphenicol, kanamycin, nalidixic acid, cephalothin, gentamicin, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, and streptomycin. Phenotypic detection of β-lactamase production was analyzed through double disc synergy test using the antibiotics amoxicillin-clavulanate, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, cefepime, and aztreonam

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Sirot, D., R. Labia, P. Pouedras, C. Chanal-Claris, C. Cerceau та J. Sirot. "Inhibitor-Resistant OXY-2-Derived β-Lactamase Produced by Klebsiella oxytoca". Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 42, № 9 (1998): 2184–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.42.9.2184.

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ABSTRACT Klebsiella oxytoca strains are generally moderately resistant to amoxicillin and ticarcillin due to the activities of the chromosomally encoded OXY-1 and OXY-2 class A β-lactamase families. These enzymes have the ability to hydrolyze not only penicillins but also cephalosporins, including cefuroxime, ceftriaxone, and aztreonam, and are inhibited by clavulanic acid. A Klebsiella oxytocastrain was isolated from a culture of blood from a patient who had been treated with amoxicillin-clavulanate (3 g/day) for 10 days 1 month earlier. This strain harbored an unusual phenotype characterized

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Ahmed, Darweesh Jabbar. "Distribution of some antibiotic resistance genes and virulence factors in E coli from aquatic environment and clinical isolates." Research Journal of Biotechnology 18, no. 11 (2023): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.25303/1811rjbt028033.

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A total of 80 clinical and environmental samples included 40 waste water samples and 40 stool samples from hospitalized patients. 50 isolates were diagnosed as E. coli. Four virulence genes (Cnfl, Hly, Kpsm and FyuA) were tested which showed 0%, 12%, 24% and 88% respectively for clinical samples and 0%, 0%, 20% and 52% respectively for environmental samples. Six antibiotics resistance genes were detected (TEM, SHV, CTXM1, CTXM2, Oxa and Mox1), their percentages were 24%, 40%, 92%, 68%, 24% and 48% respectively for clinical samples and 16%, 0%, 4%, 100%, 8% and 64% respectively for environmenta

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Bret, L., E. B. Chaibi, C. Chanal-Claris, D. Sirot, R. Labia, and J. Sirot. "Inhibitor-resistant TEM (IRT) beta-lactamases with different substitutions at position 244." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 41, no. 11 (1997): 2547–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.41.11.2547.

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A novel inhibitor-resistant TEM (IRT) beta-lactamase was detected in an Escherichia coli isolate resistant to amoxicillin-clavulanate and susceptible to cephalothin. The substrate and inhibitor profiles of this beta-lactamase were similar to those of IRT-1 and IRT-2. The novel IRT's bla gene was sequenced, and the deduced amino acid sequence showed the amino acid replacement Arg for His-244 of the TEM-1 sequence. Substitutions for Arg-244 have been reported in three TEM-1 mutants: IRT-1 (which corresponds to TEM-31) (Cys), IRT-2/TEM-30 (Ser), and TEM-41 (Thr). We designated this novel beta-lac

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Perilli, Mariagrazia, Bernardetta Segatore, Maria Rosaria De Massis та ін. "Biochemical Characterization of TEM-92 Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase, a Protein Differing from TEM-52 in the Signal Peptide". Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 46, № 12 (2002): 3981–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.46.12.3981-3983.2002.

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ABSTRACT A bla TEM-92 gene was cloned from a Proteus mirabilis isolate and expressed in Escherichia coli. Production of the enzyme caused reduction of susceptibility to penicillins and narrow- to expanded-spectrum cephalosporins but not to moxalactam and cephamycins. Determination of kinetic parameters with the purified enzyme revealed hydrolysis of expanded-spectrum cephalosporins, while cephamycins, moxalactam, and aztreonam were very poorly or not hydrolyzed. Clavulanate and penicillanic acid sulfones acylated TEM-92 slowly, and deacylation occurred at measurable rates.

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Chin, Nai-Xun, Juliana McElrath, and Harold C. Neu. "Beta-Lactamase Inhibition by Acetylmethylene Penicillanic Acid Compared to that of Clavulanate and Sulbactam." Chemotherapy 34, no. 4 (1988): 318–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000238586.

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S. Shaokat, Siham, and Hamoudi A. Hameed. "Evaluation of Stability of Cefamandol and Ceftazidime with Clavulanic Acid Against Extended Spectrum ?- Lactamase." Iraqi Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-ISSN: 1683 - 3597 , E-ISSN : 2521 - 3512) 19, no. 2 (2017): 42–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.31351/vol19iss2pp42-47.

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The aim of this study is to evaluate in-vitro activity of Cefamandol (Cfm) and Ceftazidime (Cfz), in combination with Clavulanic acid (CA) against ten complicated multiresistant uropathogenic E.coli .One hundred clinical strains were isolated from patients with chronic urinary tract infections (UTIs), these isolates were identified by the Api identification systems. The antimicrobial susceptibility tests were determined by Kirby-Bauer method, all of them were sensitive to Imipenem (Imp). Ten strains were chosen for the present study, they were resistant to Ampicillin (Amp), Amoxicillin (Amo),

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Vakulenko, Sergei B., Bruce Geryk, Lakshmi P. Kotra, Shahriar Mobashery та Stephen A. Lerner. "Selection and Characterization of β-Lactam–β-Lactamase Inactivator-Resistant Mutants following PCR Mutagenesis of the TEM-1 β-Lactamase Gene". Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 42, № 7 (1998): 1542–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.42.7.1542.

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ABSTRACT Mechanism-based inactivators of β-lactamases are used to overcome the resistance of clinical pathogens to β-lactam antibiotics. This strategy can itself be overcome by mutations of the β-lactamase that compromise the effectiveness of their inactivation. We used PCR mutagenesis of the TEM-1 β-lactamase gene and sequenced the genes of 20 mutants that grew in the presence of ampicillin-clavulanate. Eleven different mutant genes from these strains contained from 1 to 10 mutations. Each had a replacement of one of the four residues, Met69, Ser130, Arg244, and Asn276, whose substitutions by

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Delpech, Gastón, Natalia García Allende, Sabina Lissarrague, and Mónica Sparo. "Antimicrobial Resistance of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli from Elderly Patients at a General Hospital, Argentina." Open Infectious Diseases Journal 10, no. 1 (2018): 79–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874279301810010079.

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Background:Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) is a common cause of morbidity and mortality in older adults.Objective:To investigate antimicrobial resistance of uropathogenicEscherichia colifrom elderly patients in a General Hospital, Argentina.Method:During the period July 2011-July 2015, patients over 70 years old with urinary tract infections, without urinary catheters and with no antimicrobial therapy the previous week before sampling, were included. Phenotypic characterization was carried out.In vitroqualitative and quantitative antimicrobial resistances were investigated. Antimicrobials assaye

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Li, Mei, Benjamin C. Conklin, Magdalena A. Taracila, Rebecca A. Hutton та Marion J. Skalweit. "Substitutions at Position 105 in SHV Family β-Lactamases Decrease Catalytic Efficiency and Cause Inhibitor Resistance". Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 56, № 11 (2012): 5678–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00711-12.

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ABSTRACTAmbler position 105 in class A β-lactamases is implicated in resistance to clavulanic acid, although no clinical isolates with mutations at this site have been reported. We hypothesized that Y105 is important in resistance to clavulanic acid because changes in positioning of the inhibitor for ring oxygen protonation could occur. In addition, resistance to bicyclic 6-methylidene penems, which are interesting structural probes that inhibit all classes of serine β-lactamases with nanomolar affinity, might emerge with substitutions at position 105, especially with nonaromatic substitutions

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Tinguely, Regula, Salome N. Seiffert, Hansjakob Furrer, Vincent Perreten, Sara Droz, and Andrea Endimiani. "Emergence of Extensively Drug-Resistant Haemophilus parainfluenzae in Switzerland." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 57, no. 6 (2013): 2867–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00221-13.

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ABSTRACTTwo homosexual men were colonized in the urethra withHaemophilus parainfluenzaenonsusceptible to ampicillin (MIC, 8 μg/ml), amoxicillin-clavulanate (MIC, 4 μg/ml), cefotaxime (MIC, 1.5 μg/ml), cefepime (MIC, 3 μg/ml), meropenem (MIC, 0.5 μg/ml), cefuroxime, azithromycin, ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, and chloramphenicol (all MICs, ≥32 μg/ml). Repetitive extragenic palindromic PCR (rep-PCR) showed that the strains were indistinguishable. The isolates had amino acid substitutions in PBP3, L4, GyrA, and ParC and possessed Mef(A), Tet(M), and CatS resistance mechanisms. This is the first re

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Robin, F., J. Delmas, C. Chanal, D. Sirot, J. Sirot та R. Bonnet. "TEM-109 (CMT-5), a Natural Complex Mutant of TEM-1 β-Lactamase Combining the Amino Acid Substitutions of TEM-6 and TEM-33 (IRT-5)". Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 49, № 11 (2005): 4443–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.49.11.4443-4447.2005.

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ABSTRACT Escherichia coli CF349 exhibited a complex β-lactam resistance phenotype, including resistance to amoxicillin and ticarcillin alone and in combination with clavulanate and to some extended-spectrum cephalosporins. The double-disk synergy test was positive. CF349 harbored an 85-kb conjugative plasmid which encoded a β-lactamase of pI 5.9. The corresponding bla gene was identified by PCR and sequencing as a bla TEM gene. The deduced protein sequence revealed a new complex mutant of TEM-1 β-lactamase designated TEM-109 (CMT-5). TEM-109 contained both the substitutions Glu104Lys and Arg16

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Y., Kishore Kumar, Chakrapani Cheekavolu, and G. Obulesu. "Drug utilization pattern in ENT OPD of government tertiary care teaching hospital in Raigarh." International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery 3, no. 4 (2017): 1042. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20174329.

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<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The prospective, observational study was designed to assess the prescribing pattern of drug usage in ENT outpatient department in various diseases conditions.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Medication utilization Form has been designed based on a WHO format. The patient’s details including patient particulars, diagnosis, investigations, drug details and information regarding the indication for prescribing agents. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong>

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Kim, Dong-Hyun, Eun-ju Jeon, Shi-Nae Park, Kyung-Ho Park, Yong-Soo Park та Sang Won Yeo. "Effects of a Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Antagonist on Experimentally Induced Rhinosinusitis". Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology 2011 (2011): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/360457.

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This prospective, randomized, and controlled study examined the effects of tumor necrosis factor soluble receptor type I (sTNFRI, a TNF-α antagonist) on experimentally induced rhinosinusitis in rats. The experimental groups received an instillation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) plus an intramuscular injection of amoxicillin/clavulanate (antibiotic group), an instillation of sTNFRI (sTNFRI group), an instillation of sTNFRI and an injection of amoxicillin/clavulanate (sTNFRI/antibiotic group), or no additional treatment (LPS group). Histopathological changes were determined using hematoxylin-eosin

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Dr., Zeeshan Afzal Dr. Hammad Rafiq Dr. Muhammad Yasir. "ANALYSIS OF DRUG-INDUCED LIVER INJURY BY AMOXICILLIN WITH THE COMPARISON OF CLAVULANATE: A CASE CONTROL STUDY." INDO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 05, no. 08 (2018): 7173–76. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1336776.

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<strong><em>Introduction: </em></strong><em>Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is an important differential diagnosis in patients with abnormal liver tests and normal hepatobiliary imaging. Of all known liver diseases, the diagnosis of DILI is probably one of the most difficult one to be established. <strong>Objectives of the study: </strong>The main objective of the study is to find the drug induced liver injury in hepatic patients with special reference to Amoxicillin with the comparison of Clavulanate.<strong> Methodology of the study: </strong>This study was conducted at the hospitals of Rah

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Dr., Adnan jawaid Dr. Sidra Javaid Dr. Anisa Bashir. "STUDY ON AMOXICILLIN WITH THE COMPARISON OF CLAVULANATE: A LIVER INJURY CASE CONTROL STUDY." INDO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 05, no. 10 (2018): 10902–5. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1472784.

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<strong><em>Introduction:</em></strong><em> The liver injury is reported often as secondary to </em><em>hypersensitivity drug allergy resulting in centrizonal cholestasis, progressing to hepatocellular damage. In severe reactions, bile duct injury has been reported. <strong>Objectives of the study: </strong>The main objective of the study is to find the role of Amoxicillin with the comparison of Clavulanate for drug induced liver injury in hepatic patients.<strong>Methodology of the study: </strong>This study was conducted at the Islamic international medical college (RIU Islamabad)

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Indrayanto, Gunawan, Tan Kiauw Sa, and Sonja Widjaja. "Simultaneous Determination of Amoxycillin Trihydrate and Clavulanate Potassium in Pharmaceutical Preparations by Thin-Layer Chromatography/Densitometry." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 83, no. 6 (2000): 1493–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/83.6.1493.

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Abstract A simple and rapid densitometric method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of amoxycillin trihydrate and clavulanate potassium in pharmaceutical preparations. After extraction of the analytes with distilled water, the extracts were spotted on precoated silica gel plates, which were then eluted with butyl acetate–methanol–glacial acetic acid–water (15 + 7.5 + 7.5 + 3, v/v). Quantitative evaluation was performed by measuring the absorbance reflectance of the analyte spots at λ = 240 nm. The densitometric method is rapid, selective, precise, and accurate and, thus, can

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Oueslati, Saoussen, Bogdan I. Iorga, Linda Tlili, et al. "Unravelling ceftazidime/avibactam resistance of KPC-28, a KPC-2 variant lacking carbapenemase activity." Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 74, no. 8 (2019): 2239–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkz209.

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Abstract Background KPC-like carbapenemases have spread worldwide with more than 30 variants identified that differ by single or double amino-acid substitutions. Objectives To describe the steady-state kinetic parameters of KPC-28, which differs from KPC-2 by a H274Y substitution and the deletion of two amino acids (Δ242-GT-243). Methods The blaKPC-2, blaKPC-3, blaKPC-14 and blaKPC-28 genes were cloned into a pTOPO vector for susceptibility testing or into pET41b for overexpression, purification and subsequent kinetic parameter (Km, kcat) determination. Molecular docking experiments were perfo

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Katsinelos, Panagiotis, Themistoklis Vasiliadis, Panagiotis Xiarchos, et al. "Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) for the treatment of amoxycillin-clavulanate potassium (Augmentin®)-induced intra-hepatic cholestasis." European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology 12, no. 3 (2000): 365–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00042737-200012030-00017.

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Кузьмина, Анна, Anna Kuz'mina, Ирина Асецкая, et al. "Discrepancies in drug labeling texts as a cause of medication errors." Vestnik Roszdravnadzora 2019, no. 3 (2019): 59–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.35576/article_5d135f4a5a9f62.45142755.

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Contradictions in drug labeling texts for various medicinal products with the same active substance can cause medication errors. We found discrepancies in the Russian drug labeling texts for cefotaxime and oral forms of amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, 500 + 125 mg. We analyzed Russian database of spontaneous reports. In 18.5% spontaneous reports with cefotaxime as a suspected drug and in 22.0% spontaneous reports with amoxicillin/clavulanate in forms for oral administration as a suspected drug we detected medication errors resulted from deviations from those items of approved drug labels which we

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Wang, Feng, Craig Cassidy та James C. Sacchettini. "Crystal Structure and Activity Studies of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis β-Lactamase Reveal Its Critical Role in Resistance to β-Lactam Antibiotics". Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 50, № 8 (2006): 2762–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00320-06.

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ABSTRACT β-Lactam antibiotics are extremely effective in disrupting the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall in both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. However, they are ineffective against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, due to the production of a β-lactamase enzyme encoded on the chromosome of M. tuberculosis that degrades these antibiotics. Indeed, recent studies have demonstrated that deletion of the blaC gene, the only gene encoding a β-lactamase in M. tuberculosis, or inhibition of the encoded enzyme resulted in significantly increased sensitivity to β-lactam antibiotics. In this pape

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Kumar, Sandeep, and Abha Kumari. "A comparative study between amoxicillin + clavulanic acid and levofloxacin in the management of acute maxillary sinusitis at RIMS, Ranchi." International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery 4, no. 1 (2017): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20175622.

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<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Acute rhinosinusitis is an acute viral or bacterial in which there is inflammation of the mucosa of the nose and paranasal sinuses. The aim of study was to compare the efficacy of oral amoxicillin-clavulanate with levofloxacin in the management of acute maxillary sinusitis.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The present prospective study was conducted in the Department of ENT, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi during a period of 8 months i.e. from July 2016 to June 2017. In Gro

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Bale, M. I., J. P. Sinumvayo, R. A. Badmus, S. K. Babatunde, A. B. Aroyehun, and R. O. Adeyemo. "Prevalence of asymptomatic significant bacteriuria and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of bacterial isolates in HIV-infected patients in Ilorin, Nigeria." African Journal of Clinical and Experimental Microbiology 24, no. 4 (2023): 373–81. https://doi.org/10.4314/ajcem.v24i4.8.

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Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common type of infections worldwide, and this is usually preceded by asymptomatic significant bacteriuria (ASB). The emergence of antibiotic resistance in bacteria responsible for UTI makes this entity of public challenge, which has been fueled by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. This study determined the prevalence of ASB and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of bacteria isolated from urine samples of selected HIV-infected patients in Ilorin, Nigeria. Methodology: A cross-sectional study of 300 randomly selected HIV-

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Smith, Gillian M., Brian Slocombe, Karen H. Abbott, and Linda W. Mizen. "Activity of Amoxicillin-Clavulanate against Penicillin-Resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae in an Experimental Respiratory Infection Model in Rats." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 42, no. 4 (1998): 813–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.42.4.813.

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ABSTRACT High doses of amoxicillin, equivalent to those produced by 500- and 750-mg oral doses in humans (area under the plasma concentration-time curve), were effective against a penicillin-resistant strain ofStreptococcus pneumoniae in an experimental respiratory tract infection in immunocompromised rats; this superior activity confirms the results of previous studies. An unexpected enhancement of amoxicillin’s antibacterial activity in vivo against penicillin-resistant and -susceptible S. pneumoniaestrains was observed when subtherapeutic doses of amoxicillin were coadministered with the β-

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Beauchef-Havard, Anne, Guillaume Arlet, Valerie Gautier, Roger Labia, Patrick Grimont та Alain Philippon. "Molecular and Biochemical Characterization of a Novel Class A β-Lactamase (HER-1) from Escherichia hermannii". Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 47, № 8 (2003): 2669–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.47.8.2669-2673.2003.

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ABSTRACT Escherichia hermannii showed a low level of resistance to amoxicillin and ticarcillin, reversed by clavulanate, and a moderate susceptibility to piperacillin but was susceptible to all cephalosporins. A bla gene was cloned and encoded a typical class A β-lactamase (HER-1, pI 7.5), which shares 45, 44, 41, and 40% amino acid identity with other β-lactamases, AER-1 from Aeromonas hydrophila, MAL-1/Cko-1 from Citrobacter koseri, and TEM-1 and LEN-1, respectively. No ampR gene was detected. Only penicillins were efficiently hydrolyzed, and no hydrolysis was observed for cefuroxime and bro

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Bae, Songmee, Jaehoon Lee, Jaehwa Lee, et al. "Antimicrobial Resistance in Haemophilus influenzae Respiratory Tract Isolates in Korea: Results of a Nationwide Acute Respiratory Infections Surveillance." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 54, no. 1 (2009): 65–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00966-09.

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ABSTRACT Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and β-lactam resistance mechanisms of 544 Haemophilus influenzae isolates through the nationwide Acute Respiratory Infections Surveillance (ARIS) network in Korea during 2005 and 2006 were determined. Resistance to ampicillin was 58.5%, followed by resistance to cefuroxime (23.3%), clarithromycin (18.7%), cefaclor (17.0%), amoxicillin-clavulanate (10.4%), and chloramphenicol (8.1%). Levofloxacin and cefotaxime were the most active agents tested in this study. β-Lactamase production (52.4%) was the main mechanism of ampicillin resistance, affecting

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Kurz, Sebastian G., Kerstin A. Wolff, Saugata Hazra та ін. "Can Inhibitor-Resistant Substitutions in the Mycobacterium tuberculosis β-Lactamase BlaC Lead to Clavulanate Resistance?: a Biochemical Rationale for the Use of β-Lactam–β-Lactamase Inhibitor Combinations". Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 57, № 12 (2013): 6085–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.01253-13.

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ABSTRACTThe current emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) tuberculosis calls for novel treatment strategies. Recently, BlaC, the principal β-lactamase ofMycobacterium tuberculosis, was recognized as a potential therapeutic target. The combination of meropenem and clavulanic acid, which inhibits BlaC, was found to be effective against even extensively drug-resistantM. tuberculosisstrains when testedin vitro. Yet there is significant concern that drug resistance against this combination will also emerge. To investigate the potential of BlaC to evolve variant

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Kim, Seung-Hyun, Katy Saide, John Farrell, et al. "Characterization of amoxicillin- and clavulanic acid-specific T cells in patients with amoxicillin-clavulanate-induced liver injury." Hepatology 62, no. 3 (2015): 887–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hep.27912.

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