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Journal articles on the topic 'Clay compaction'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 8 June 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Gong, Fei, Bangrang Di, Lianbo Zeng, Jianxin Wei, Jiwei Cheng, and Liangliang Gao. "The elastic properties and anisotropy of artificial compacted clay samples." GEOPHYSICS 86, no. 1 (2021): MR1—MR15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2019-0608.1.

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Clay minerals are a major component of hydrocarbon reservoir rocks, and they are known to play important roles in the physical and elastic properties of rocks. However, it is difficult to directly measure these properties of single-crystal clays due to their small particle size. Therefore, we have constructed three sets of artificial clay samples with different compaction stresses to investigate the effect of the compaction stress and clay mineralogy on their elastic properties and anisotropy. All of the dry samples are measured by the pulse-transmission method. The results indicate that the c

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2

de Freitas Neto, Osvaldo, Olavo Francisco dos Santos Jr., Fagner Alexandre Nunes de França, and Ricardo Nascimento Flores Severo. "Influence of Compaction Energy and Bentonite Clay Content in the Soil Hydraulic Conductivity." Applied Mechanics and Materials 851 (August 2016): 858–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.851.858.

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This paper intends to evaluate changes in permeability of a soil sample from Formação Barreiras, in Natal, the capital city of Rio Grande do Norte State, related to the degree of compaction and the adding of clay to the soil sample. In field works, samples were collected and permeability and density tests were performed. In laboratory, grain size distribution, Attemberg limits and particle density tests were conducted. Afterwards, compaction and permeability tests fulfilled the set of laboratory tests, with changes in compactive energy and sample clay content. The results from field and labo

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3

Grocholski, Brent. "Clay-driven compaction." Science 372, no. 6539 (2021): 251.4–252. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.372.6539.251-d.

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Voltolini, Marco, Hans-Rudolf Wenk, Nazmul Haque Mondol, Knut Bjørlykke, and Jens Jahren. "Anisotropy of experimentally compressed kaolinite-illite-quartz mixtures." GEOPHYSICS 74, no. 1 (2009): D13—D23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.3002557.

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The anisotropy of physical properties is a well-known characteristic of many clay-bearing rocks. This anisotropy has important implications for elastic properties of rocks and must be considered in seismic modeling. Preferred orientation of clay minerals is an important factor causing anisotropy in clay-bearing rocks such as shales and mudstones that are the main cap rocks of oil reservoirs. The preferred orientation of clays depends mostly on the amount of clays and the degree of compaction. To study the effect of these parameters, we prepared several samples compressing (at two effective ver

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Masujima, T., Y. Xie, Q. Zhang, G. L. Ye, and J. Leng. "A new method for rapid preparing high-strength saturated clay samples in large-scale model tests." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1330, no. 1 (2024): 012029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1330/1/012029.

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Abstract The preparation of high-strength saturated clay samples for large-scale model tests presents a significant challenge in geotechnical engineering. The slurry consolidation method has been conventionally employed to prepare saturated clay, despite its time-consuming and labor-intensive nature. Therefore, this study proposes a rapid preparation technique for clayey soils utilizing the dynamic compaction method, enabling the facile preparation of saturated clay samples by compacting the soils from an unsaturated state. During compaction, the void ratio decreases, thereby increasing the de

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Ponomaryov, Andrey, and Evgenia Sychkina. "Effect of clay compaction around driven pile and prediction of pile settlement." E3S Web of Conferences 363 (2022): 02016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202236302016.

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In the article the problem of geotechnical application of clay nd claystone as a base of driven pile foundations has been considered. When using these foundations, a compaction zone is formed in the clay space around the pile. The purpose of this research is to analyze the influence of compaction zones on the results of analytical and numerical calculations for predicting the settlement of a driven pile in layered clay soils. The following tasks were solved: 1) The existing investigations of pile settlement in layered clay soils were analyzed; 2) The characteristics of experimental sites and t

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7

Lakho, Nawab Ali, Muhammad Auchar Zardari, and Naeem Aziz Memon. "Reduction of Cracking and Shrinkage in Compressed Clay Beams during Drying." July 2016 35, no. 3 (2016): 395–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.22581/muet1982.1603.09.

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Uncontrolled evaporation of moisture from compressed clay beams can cause surface cracks, resulting in reduction of strength. This paper presents various treatments applied to clay beams during the process of casting, compacting and drying in order to curtail the possibility of cracking and to decrease percentage of drying shrinkage. Following treatments were applied to the beams during casting and drying: (i) a steel plate and double layer of plastic sheet was provided between the beam and the plank, (ii) the beam was enveloped with a propylene fabric sheet during casting and (iii) beams were

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8

Tarantino, A., and E. De Col. "Compaction behaviour of clay." Géotechnique 58, no. 3 (2008): 199–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/geot.2008.58.3.199.

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9

Cabot, Louis, and Jean-Pierre Le Bihan. "Quelques propriétés d'une argile sur la « ligne optimale de compactage »." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 30, no. 6 (1993): 1033–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t93-100.

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This paper deals with the evolution of the texture of the clay during compaction and with the importance of maintaining a close correlation between the degree of compaction and the water content to obtain a sealed fill with a homogeneous texture. The results of laboratory tests show the orderly evolution of some physical and mechanical properties of the compacted clay along this optimal correlation of compaction. Finally, the results of the control tests on the clay of the core of Kompienga dam compacted according to these specifications are presented. Key words : compacted clay, texture, macr

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10

Owusu-Sekyere, Ernest, and Ying Chen. "The Effect of Varying Compaction Levels on Soil Dynamic Properties and the Growth of Canola (Brassica napus L.)." Agriculture 14, no. 11 (2024): 1976. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture14111976.

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Extremely low field emergence rates for canola are primarily attributed to soil compaction from field traffic during and after planting. This study aimed to determine the critical compaction level for canola emergence across different soil types. A laboratory experiment was conducted using sandy loam, silt clay, and clay soils, compacted to five levels (zero to four) using Proctor hammer drops after sowing canola (Brassica napus L.). The lab results were validated through two years of field experiments in sandy loam, applying four compaction levels (zero to three) using a tractor. Soil propert

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11

Clayton, C. R. I., I. F. Symons, and J. C. Hiedra-Cobo. "The pressure of clay backfill against retaining structures." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 28, no. 2 (1991): 282–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t91-034.

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This paper investigates the pressures exerted by clay backfills against retaining structures. The lateral pressures are developed during three main phases: placement, compaction, and burial; horizontal total stress reduction at constant moisture content; and swelling or consolidation under approximately constant vertical stress. Experimental data from laboratory and pilot-scale studies, using clays of intermediate and high plasticity, are presented and used to assess the magnitude of the pressure changes in each phase. The process of compaction is examined and it is concluded that previously d

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12

Abdul Rahman, Abdul Samad, Shafizah Safingi, Norbaya Sidek, and Mohd Fadzil Arshad. "Effect of Compaction for Marine Clay and Pressmud to Enhanced Clay Liner Efficiency." E3S Web of Conferences 599 (2024): 04001. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202459904001.

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Clay liners play a critical role in environmental engineering by providing barriers against contaminant migration in containment facilities like landfills. However, challenges persist in optimizing their efficiency, especially in heterogeneous soil conditions. Compaction practices during construction significantly influence clay liner performance, making it imperative to achieve optimal compaction. This study centers on assessing the compaction behavior of composite material comprising marine clay and pressmud, with the goal of advancing sustainable waste containment practices. The plasticity

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13

Kolmogorov, S. G., P. L. Klemyatsionok, and S. S. Kolmogorova. "Toward compaction of overmoistured clay soil." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo arkhitekturno-stroitel'nogo universiteta. JOURNAL of Construction and Architecture 24, no. 5 (2022): 145–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.31675/1607-1859-2022-24-5-145-150.

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Various complicated processes, including physical and chemical, occur in clay soils, which finally determine their strength and stress-and-strain properties. In order to use clay soils as a subgrade, it is necessary to increase their strength primarily through a compaction. In clay soil compaction, the main role belongs to physically bound water, which gathers around soil particles forming water envelopes and making the compaction difficult. The paper considers compaction of overmoistured clay soils along with vibration, that provides an intensive transition of bound water to a free state. In

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Kolmogorov, S. G., P. L. Klemyatsionok, and S. S. Kolmogorova. "Relationship between consistency and compaction of clay soils (Saint-Petersburg)." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo arkhitekturno-stroitel'nogo universiteta. JOURNAL of Construction and Architecture 25, no. 5 (2023): 156–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.31675/1607-1859-2023-25-5-156-163.

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Clay soils are often found under building foundations, construction properties of which depend on many factors. One of them is the natural soil compaction, which is relevant in the construction classification of soils. This paper analyzes the relationship between the consistency and compaction of clay soils of different genesis and consistency using the Priklonskii soil compaction index. Water saturation of clay soil affects the relative discrepancy between the consistency coefficient and compaction index for soils of different genesis and consistency. It is noted that for soils with the water

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15

Gong, Fei, Bangrang Di, Jianxin Wei, Pinbo Ding, He Li, and Dingyuan Li. "Experimental investigation of the effects of clay content and compaction stress on the elastic properties and anisotropy of dry and saturated synthetic shale." GEOPHYSICS 83, no. 5 (2018): C195—C208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2017-0555.1.

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Anisotropy in shales is an important issue in exploration and reservoir geophysics, and it has been proven extremely difficult to correlate anisotropy in natural shale by means of a single variable (in this case, clay content or compaction stress) because of the influence of multiple factors, such as water content, total organic carbon content, and complex mineral compositions. Thus, we used quartz, kaolinite, calcite, and kerogen extract as the primary materials to construct two sets of synthetic shale samples, each with a different clay content by weight and a different compaction stress. Ul

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16

Tan, Feng Yi, Rong Hua Zou, Han Bing Hu, and Zu Kai Lin. "Construction Technology of Treatment Measure of Swelling Rock Slope Replaced Backfilling Clay." Advanced Materials Research 168-170 (December 2010): 2334–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.168-170.2334.

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Replaced backfilling clay is one of the treatment measures in the Luwangfen swelling rock test Region of middle-route of South-to-North Water Division Project. First, by using 18 tons vibration roller compaction mechanism, on the condition of 3 different thicknesss and 5 different compaction times, settlement, dry density, water content and permeability coefficient are studied before and after the compaction test to find out the optimal thickness and compaction times. Then, by using different compaction mechanisms, the compaction effect is studied on the condition of the optimal thickness and

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17

Basu, Saibal. "Clay mineralogy and pressure analysis from seismic information in Krishna‐Godavari basin, India." GEOPHYSICS 55, no. 11 (1990): 1447–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1442792.

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Interval transit time data derived from seismic velocities have been analyzed to predict clay mineralogy and overpressures from compaction trends in the offshore areas of Krishna‐Godavari basin located on the east coast of India. Compaction trends from rms velocity fairly well match the trends obtained from sonic logs. This study has been extended to the undrilled part of the basin with the help of seismic information. Areal distribution of clay mineral types has been determined from the compaction trends. Prospective areas are identified on the basis of clay mineral distribution and overpress

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18

V., Giridhar, G. Jagadeesh, and P. Rajendra Kumar. "Regression Analysis on Compaction Characteristics of Sand Clay Soils." ECS Transactions 107, no. 1 (2022): 19265–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/10701.19265ecst.

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Soil compaction is one of the major geo technical engineering applications in infrastructure development of the nation. Large volumes of soil are used in the construction of flyovers, earth dams, and railways. There is a need to understand comprehensively in a unified and coherent manner. Thus the knowledge of compaction behavior and its characteristics of fine grained soils at different compaction energies assume great importance from they viewpoint of practical significant. In the present work, compaction parameters such as (MDD) (max) and optimum moisture content (OMC) care determined at va

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19

Zeng, Biao, Lin-feng Wang, Yun Tian, Tao-rui Zeng, and Bing Li. "Study on Compaction Characteristics and Construction Control of Mixtures of Red Clay and Gravel." Advances in Civil Engineering 2018 (November 4, 2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8079379.

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Red clay cannot be used as embankment filler directly due to its water-sensitive property. Gravel is usually added into red clay to enhance its performance in engineering practice. In order to investigate the influence of mixtures of red clay and gravel on the road performance, gravitational compaction experiment of red clay and vibratory compaction experiment of mixtures of red clay and gravel were conducted, respectively. The results indicate that compaction curves of red clay have double peak; the second peak is the real maximum dry density, and its corresponding moisture content is the opt

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20

Zhang, Junhui, Qingping Jiang, Yuqing Zhang, Liangliang Dai, and Houxuan Wu. "Nondestructive Measurement of Water Content and Moisture Migration of Unsaturated Red Clays in South China." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/542538.

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To reveal the moisture migration mechanism of the unsaturated red clays, which are sensitive to water content change and widely distributed in South China, and then rationally use them as a filling material for highway embankments, a method to measure the water content of red clay cylinders using X-ray computed tomography (CT) was proposed and verified. Then, studies on the moisture migrations in the red clays under the rainfall and ground water level were performed at different degrees of compaction. The results show that the relationship between dry density, water content, and CT value deter

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21

Strydom, Jessica, Hans Eggenkamp, Jérôme Sterpenich та ін. "Cl/Br and δ37Cl evolution in seawater expelled during the compaction of MX-80 smectite". E3S Web of Conferences 98 (2019): 12022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199812022.

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During a high pressure (up to 150 MPa) high temperature (up to 150°C) compaction experiment of MX-80 smectite equilibrated with ocean water, it was found that the Cl and Br concentrations in the expelled solution are progressively being decreased while simultaneously being increased in the compacted clay. This significant retention of Cl and Br in the pore water of the compacted clay is indicative of ultrafiltration by the clay. Despite the size difference between the two anions no significant chemical partitioning between Cl and Br is observed in the expelled water. The δ37Cl value of the exp

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22

Alhaji, Mustapha Mohammed, Musa Alhassan, Taiye Waheed Adejumo, and Ramatu Jibrin. "Effect of Density on Consolidation and Creep Parameters of Clay." Indonesian Journal of Science and Technology 5, no. 1 (2020): 31–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/ijost.v5i1.16819.

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Effect of density on consolidation and creep parameters of a clay soil was investigated using a soil classified according to Unified Soil Classification System (USCS) as Clay of High plasticity (CH) and composing majorly of secondary minerals, including montmorillonite. The air-dried soil was compacted at five different compaction energy levels (Reduced Standard Proctor compaction energy, Standard Proctor compaction energy, West African compaction energy, Reduced Modified Proctor compaction energy, and Modified Proctor compaction energy). Specimens for consolidation tests were molded at the fi

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23

Yang, Shu Rong, Wei Hsing Huang, and Shao Hung Chung. "Temperature Effects on Soil Suction for Compacted Clay Soils." Advanced Materials Research 723 (August 2013): 527–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.723.527.

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An investigation was conducted to determine the effects of temperature, compaction water content, and compaction efforts on soil suction of two expansive subgrade soils. For this purpose, two expansive soils were statically compacted at target water contents ranging from 5% to 20%. This made it possible to explore a broad spectrum of compaction conditions. Filter paper method and thermocouple psychrometer were used to measure soil suction at temperatures ranging from 10°C to 60°C. Experimental results show that compaction water content, compaction effort, and temperature have influences on soi

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24

Pijnenburg, Ronald P. J., and Christopher J. Spiers. "Microphysics of Inelastic Deformation in Reservoir Sandstones from the Seismogenic Center of the Groningen Gas Field." Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering 53, no. 12 (2020): 5301–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00603-020-02215-y.

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AbstractPhysics-based assessment of the effects of hydrocarbon production from sandstone reservoirs on induced subsidence and seismicity hinges on understanding the processes governing compaction of the reservoir. Compaction strains are typically small (ε < 1%) and may be elastic (recoverable), or partly inelastic (permanent), as implied by recent experiments. To describe the inelastic contribution in the seismogenic Groningen gas field, a Cam–clay-type plasticity model was recently developed, based on the triaxial test data obtained for sandstones from the Groningen reservoir (strain rate

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Lvovska, Tetyana, Tetyana Lytvynenko, and Alla Kariuk. "Soil Compaction Methods Development." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.2 (2018): 636. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.2.14605.

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A process of soil compaction methods development including new authors’ methodology is described. The importance of soil compaction for engineering purposes is substantiated. Preconditions for Proctor compaction test appearance are highlighted. Proctor’s approach and suggestions for the degree of soil compaction assessing are analyzed. Soviet version of Proctor’s equipment and Modified Proctor compaction test are given. Principal differences between Proctor test, Standard compaction test and Modified Proctor test are presented. The problems and disadvantages of existent soil compaction tests a

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26

Lahiri, Sivaji, Kitty L. Milliken, Peter Vrolijk, Guillaume Desbois, and Janos L. Urai. "Mechanical compaction mechanisms in the input sediments of the Sumatra subduction complex – insights from microstructural analysis of cores from IODP Expedition 362." Solid Earth 13, no. 10 (2022): 1513–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/se-13-1513-2022.

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Abstract. The input sediments of the North Sumatra subduction zone margin, drilled during IODP Expedition 362, exhibit remarkable uniformity in composition and grain size over the entire thickness of the rapidly deposited Nicobar Fan succession (seafloor to 1500 m b.s.f.), providing a unique opportunity to study the micromechanisms of compaction. Samples were prepared from dried core samples (from Sites U1480 and U1481) by both Ar-ion cross-section polishing and broad ion beam cutting and imaged with a field-emission scanning electron microscope (SEM). The shallowest samples (seafloor to 28 m

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27

GRANT, C. A. "THE EFFECT OF K AND Cl FERTILIZER ADDITIONS ON BARLEY HERBAGE YIELD AND NUTRIENT CONTENT IN UNDISTURBED AND ARTIFICIALLY COMPACTED SOIL CORES." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 69, no. 3 (1989): 729–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps89-089.

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Disturbed soil cores, at two bulk densities, and undisturbed soil cores were collected from two fields which had been maintained under reduced tillage management. Dry matter yield of growth chamber-grown barley in the disturbed soil cores was equal to or lower than that produced in the undisturbed cores but was unaffected by degree of soil compaction. Increase in dry matter yield in response to K or Cl fertilization was greater in disturbed than undisturbed soils. Compaction did not generally influence response to KCl fertilization. Soil disturbance did not consistently influence concentration

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Benhamida, A., I. Djeran-Maigre, H. Dumontet, and S. Smaoui. "Clay compaction modelling by homogenization theory." International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences 42, no. 7-8 (2005): 996–1005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2005.05.021.

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Revil, A., D. Grauls, and O. Brévart. "Mechanical compaction of sand/clay mixtures." Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 107, B11 (2002): ECV 11–1—ECV 11–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2001jb000318.

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Yang, Hong Xia. "Experimental Study on Compaction Characteristics of High Liquid Limit Clay of the Yellow River Alluvial Plain and its Subgrades Filling Technology." Advanced Materials Research 368-373 (October 2011): 2558–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.368-373.2558.

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Based on the geologic exploration materials and indoor test of Ji-He expressway,analysed the compaction characteristics of high liquid limit clay of the Yellow River alluvial plain,the relationship among compaction work and moisture content and dry unit weight,and the changing rules of the CBR value in different compaction works with the change of moisture content.Demonstrated that high liquid limit clay of the Yellow River alluvial plain can be used in expressway subgrades filling. Moreover, through the experimental sections of subgrades filling,the reasonable construction technology and qual

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31

Tirado-Corbalá, Rebecca, and Brian Slater. "Soil Compaction Effects on the Establishment of Three Tropical Tree Species." Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 36, no. 4 (2010): 164–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.48044/jauf.2010.022.

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Tree seedlings planted in containers along sidewalks in urban environments show restricted growth and development over time. This is the result of limited soil volume and soil compaction that hampers nutrient availability and water movement. Using tree species commonly used in urban forestry in Puerto Rico, this study was conducted to determine their growth response when planted in compacted soils. Seedlings of three ornamental tropical tree species, trumpet bush [Tecoma stans (L.) Juss. ex Kunth], bottle brush [Callistemon citrinus (Curtis) Skeels], and pink trumpet (Tabebuia rosea dc.) were

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Marins, Araceli Ciotti de, José Miguel Reichert, Deonir Secco, Doglas Bassegio, and Daniela Trentin Nava. "Crambe grain yield affected by compaction degrees of an Oxisol." Research, Society and Development 11, no. 3 (2022): e12111326500. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i3.26500.

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Crambe is a new crop that produces oil used for biodiesel production. Soil compaction in a no-tillage (NT) system is one of the main challenges for sustainable grain production in soil clay. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of compaction degree on crambe grain yield over two years. The levels of artificial compaction were generated using a roller compactor (0, 1, 3, and 5 passes) under a NT system. The experimental design was a strip block, and soil density and crambe grain yield were evaluated. The passes of the roller increased the density from 0.98 to 1.24 Mg m−3 in th

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Nooraiepour, Mohammad. "Clay Mineral Type and Content Control Properties of Fine-Grained CO2 Caprocks—Laboratory Insights from Strongly Swelling and Non-Swelling Clay–Quartz Mixtures." Energies 15, no. 14 (2022): 5149. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15145149.

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Understanding and predicting sealing characteristics and containment efficiency as a function of burial depth across sedimentary basins is a prerequisite for safe and secure subsurface storage. Instead of estimators and empirical relationships, this study aimed to delineate data-driven variability domains for non-cemented fine-grained clastic caprocks. Constant rate-of-strain uniaxial compression experiments were performed to measure changes in properties of brine-saturated quartz–clay mixtures. The binary mixtures were prepared by mixing quartz with strongly swelling (smectite) and non-swelli

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Fetene, Mersha, and Dessye Tikuneh. "Evaluation and Modeling the Effect of Clay Soil Binding Ratio and Compaction Pressure Level on the Thermal Properties of Carbonized Rice Husk Briquetting Charcoal." Journal of Energy and Natural Resources 14, no. 2 (2025): 54–68. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jenr.20251402.14.

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In developing countries, the mismanagement of agricultural residues such as rice husks not only exacerbates environmental pollution but also poses serious health risks. As a byproduct of the rice milling process, rice husks are abundant and largely underutilized, presenting a significant opportunity for renewable energy generation. This study evaluates and models the thermal properties of carbonized rice husk charcoal briquettes by analyzing the effects of varying clay soil binder ratios at five levels (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%) and applied compaction pressures at three levels (6mm, 12mm, and

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Matteson, A., J. P. Tomanic, M. M. Herron, D. F. Allen, and W. E. Kenyon. "NMR Relaxation of Clay/Brine Mixtures." SPE Reservoir Evaluation & Engineering 3, no. 05 (2000): 408–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/66185-pa.

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Summary Effective interpretation of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) logs in shaly sands requires an understanding of the NMR contribution of clays. Of particular importance is the role of clays in the rapidly relaxing part of the NMR signal. In this study we measured the transverse relaxation time spectrum T2 of brine mixed with four clays (illite, smectite, kaolinite and glauconite) as a function of compaction. The Larmor frequency was 2 MHz and the echo spacing 0.16 ms. Mild compaction was achieved by centrifuging the clay slurry at three successive pressures ranging from 1 to 125 psi. High

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Damanauskas, Vidas, and Danutė Jablonskytė-Raščė. "Variation in Crop Yield Depending on the Tractor Tire Contact Area and Clay Loam Soil Moisture." Applied Sciences 15, no. 11 (2025): 6115. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15116115.

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As the demand for productivity increases, machines are becoming heavier, and large coverage implements cause the slippage of tractor driving wheels, which initiate soil compaction and displacement. Sources indicate that compaction has an adverse impact on crop growth and grain yield. However, heavy machinery under draft is not always to blame for yield losses. The aim of the six-year research was to establish the relationship between grain yield and the slippage of tractors on heavy clay loam soil under two different moisture conditions. The spring cereals were grown as peas, spring barley, an

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Pang, Jin, Tongtong Wu, Chunxi Zhou, Haotian Chen, Jiaao Gao, and Xinan Yu. "Influence of Clay Content on the Compaction and Permeability Characteristics of Sandstone Reservoirs." Processes 13, no. 6 (2025): 1835. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13061835.

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Clay content is a critical geological parameter influencing the pore structure, compaction sensitivity, and flow capacity of sandstone reservoirs. In this study, representative Tertiary sandstones from a major sedimentary basin in western China were selected, covering natural and synthetic core samples with clay contents ranging from 20% to 70%. Utilizing a self-developed apparatus capable of both static and dynamic compaction experiments, we systematically performed staged static loading and gas–water two-phase displacement tests. This enabled us to obtain comprehensive datasets on porosity,

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Chao, Li, Luo Xiaorong, Zhang Likuan, Lei Yuhong, Chen Ming, and Yu Lan. "Chemical compaction of deep buried mudstone and its influence on pressure prediction." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 600, no. 1 (2020): 012012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/600/1/012012.

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Abstract The chemical compaction of mudstones which is dominated by the transformation of clay minerals leads to significant changes in the mineral composition and microstructure of mudstone during process of deep burial. In particular, the transformation of smectite to illite in mudstones results in noticeable impact on the pore pressure formation and the overpressure logging responses. At present, the study about the pressurization mechanism of chemical compaction and the impact on overpressure logging responses is really weak, which made it hard to pore pressure identification and pressure

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Li, Fu Rong, Hou Chao Sun, and Zhao Yu Wang. "Mechanism Analysis and Experimental Study of Soil-Compacting by Silent Piling." Applied Mechanics and Materials 170-173 (May 2012): 457–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.170-173.457.

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The mechanism of soil-compacting effect by silent piling is analyzed, and based on large-scale model box test, using soft clay of typical sites in Yancheng District, taking the single pile as the study objects respectively, and studying the soil compaction effects with the process of sinking into the single pile, analyzing the variation law of the soil deformation and pore water pressure while sinking into the single pile. The results shows that the greater the radial distance, the smaller of soil compaction effect, the influence scope of soil compaction effects on the displacement and pore wa

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Yang, Xiao-Guang, and Shao-Bin Guo. "Porosity model and pore evolution of transitional shales: an example from the Southern North China Basin." Petroleum Science 17, no. 6 (2020): 1512–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12182-020-00481-7.

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AbstractThe evolution of shale reservoirs is mainly related to two functions: mechanical compaction controlled by ground stress and chemical compaction controlled by thermal effect. Thermal simulation experiments were conducted to simulate the chemical compaction of marine-continental transitional shale, and X-ray diffraction (XRD), CO2 adsorption, N2 adsorption and high-pressure mercury injection (MIP) were then used to characterize shale diagenesis and porosity. Moreover, simulations of mechanical compaction adhering to mathematical models were performed, and a shale compaction model was pro

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Zhemchuzhnikov, Alexandr, Khosrow Ghavami, and Michéle dal Toé Casagrande. "Static Compaction of Soils with Varying Clay Content." Key Engineering Materials 668 (October 2015): 238–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.668.238.

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The use of compressed earth blocks (CEBs) is widespread in the field of earth construction. They present better mechanical performance than adobe and the equipment for their production is simple. Laboratory testing of compressed earth blocks requires large amounts of material. There are variations of unconfined strength testing procedures such as testing halves of the blocks with layers of mortar between them or testing whole blocks in diverse directions. This complicates the interpretation of test results as the shape factor and mortar characteristics influence the results significantly. Stat

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Ogundare, Damilola Ayodele, Oyetunde Oluwafemi Adeleke, and Ayodeji Theophilus Akinbuluma. "Chemical and Mechanical Characterisation of Clay Soil Stabilised with Steel Slag and Calcium Carbide Waste." Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering 4, no. 1 (2024): 55–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.53623/csue.v4i1.427.

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Problematic subgrade soil such as clay is expansive by nature and is challenging to work with during pavement construction. In an effort to combat this issue and lower the rate of pavement failure on highway construction projects, cementitious industrial waste materials should be used. This study thus examined the influence of steel slag (SS) and calcium carbide waste (CCW) as stabilisers for clay soil. Chemical and mineralogical analyses of clay soil, SS and CCW were assessed while the stabilised soil were subjugated to Atterberg limit, compaction and california bearing ratio (CBR) tests. The

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Yang, Yong Shou, and Bin Xin Li. "Application Research on Dynamic Compaction Replacement Pier Foundation Treatment Methods." Applied Mechanics and Materials 353-356 (August 2013): 482–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.353-356.482.

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The dynamic compacted replacement pier technique is a new ground-treatment technology, which developed from the dynamic consolidation method. It can be used for the improvement in high-saturated silts and soft plastic to flow plastic clays, which cannot be treated using dynamic compaction method. T his new approach has many advantages, such as its simple equipment, significant reinforcing effects, construction time-saving, low-cost, no requirement of dewatering, and etc. In this paper, combined with engineering examples, according to analysis and evaluation of the monitoring results, it is fea

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Zhao, Rong Fei, Yong Ning Mi, and Wei Gao. "Testing Study on Soil’s Moisture Content of Geogrid-Reinforced Clay under Freezing-Thawing Cycles." Applied Mechanics and Materials 256-259 (December 2012): 139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.256-259.139.

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A series of moisture content tests were carried out to study the changes in geogrid-reinforced clay moisture content under freezing-thawing cycles, the influences of compaction degree, reinforcement layers and initial moisture content of the soil on the soil moisture content under freezing-thawing cycles were discussed. We can see that the soil compaction degree is the first important factor to the moisture content, the change of upper lay clay moisture content is positive for the low compaction degree and negative for a high one; the reinforcement layers is the second important factor to mois

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Radhakrishna, H. S., H. T. Chan, A. M. Crawford, and K. C. Lau. "Thermal and physical properties of candidate buffer–backfill materials for a nuclear fuel waste disposal vault." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 26, no. 4 (1989): 629–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t89-076.

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As part of the Canadian Nuclear Fuel Waste Management Program, Ontario Hydro has, over several years, conducted research into the behaviour and performance of buffer–backfill for the proposed nuclear fuel waste disposal vault. In this paper, a review has been made of laboratory studies made at Ontario Hydro on the thermal properties, strength, hydraulic conductivity, and compactability of clay-based buffer materials. The results of this work have enabled the formulation of selection criteria for the buffer material mix for the prototype Canadian nuclear fuel waste disposal scheme. Key words: b

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Eberemu, Adrian O. "Desiccation Induced Shrinkage of Compacted Tropical Clay Treated with Rice Husk Ash." International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa 6 (November 2011): 45–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jera.6.45.

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Desiccation studies are an integral part of material selection for waste containment systems. Laboratory studies on compacted tropical clay (with illite as the dominant clay mineral sourced from an excavation site) treated with up to 16% rice husk ash (RHA); an agro-industrial waste to evaluate its desiccation induced shrinkage and hence its suitability as a cover material in waste containment systems were carried out. Soil-RHA mixtures were compacted using three compactive efforts at -2, 0, 2 and 4% of optimum moisture content (OMC). Compacted samples, extruded from the compaction mould were

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Sukawati, Ni Ketut Sri Astati, I. Made Juniastra, I. Made Sastra Wibawa, I. Gede Ngurah Sunatha, and I. Made Nada. "Stabilization of Krobokan Clay Soil with California Bearing Ratio (CBR) for Highway Pavement." Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA 10, no. 7 (2024): 4301–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i7.7983.

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In this research, clay soil will be stabilized in the Kerobokan Badung area by mixing the soil with various levels of lime. The problem to be solved is how much the CBR value of soil mixed with lime will increase and what is the most economical lime content associated with the minimum CBR requirements for the base soil layer. The aim is to determine the increase in CBR value from a mixture of clay with lime and to determine the most economical lime content associated with the minimum CBR requirements for the base layer of highway pavement structures. The research results show that adding lime

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Nguyen, M. D., K. H. Yang, and W. M. Yalew. "Compaction behavior of nonwoven geotextile-reinforced clay." Geosynthetics International 27, no. 1 (2020): 16–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/jgein.19.00053.

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Mitchell, R. J., and M. A. Knight. "Compaction control of clay barriers by centrifugation." International Journal of Physical Modelling in Geotechnics 1, no. 3 (2001): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/ijpmg.2001.010303.

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Lyashenko, P. A., V. V. Denisenko, V. S. Kovalenko, and N. S. Kolomiets. "The conditions of bulk clay soil compaction." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 698 (December 18, 2019): 022036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/698/2/022036.

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