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Journal articles on the topic 'Clay mineral assemblage'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 22 February 2023

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Jubeir, Solaf, Abed Faiyad, and Ibrahim Mohammed. "Lithofacies and Clay Mineral Analysis of the Upper Cenomanian Ms'ad Formation, Rutbah Area, Western Iraq." Iraqi Geological Journal 56, no. 2C (2023): 204–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.46717/igj.56.2c.16ms-2023-9-22.

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The Cenomanian succession in Rutbah City, western Iraq, is composed of siliciclastic carbonate with multicolored paleosoil layers that refer to unconformity surfaces within the Ms'ad Formation. The current study will examine the clay mineralogy and facies to determine the source of these clay minerals and depositional settings. Fifteen carbonate facies have been identified as three distinct facies associations (FA1–FA3). These FAs are supratidal to intertidal (FA1), semi-restricted lagoon (FA2), and shallow open subtidal ramp with patches of a rudist-bivalve reef (FA3). The reported Multispiri

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Jeans, C. V., J. G. Mitchell, M. J. Fisher, D. S. Wray, and I. R. Hall. "Age, origin and climatic signal of English Mesozoic clays based on K/Ar signatures." Clay Minerals 36, no. 4 (2001): 515–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/0009855013640006.

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AbstractThe K/Ar characteristics of 53 clay assemblages (Triassic–Cretaceous), representing the detrital, volcanogenic and arid-facies clay mineral associations, are interpreted in relation to their mineralogy, chronostratic age and geological origins. The K-bearing mineral components of the 1–2 μm, 0.2–1 μm and <0.2 μm fractions of each clay assemblage together display one of two characteristic patterns of K2O and 40Ar values (the K/Ar signature of the assemblage) on a 40Ar/K2O correlation diagram. Interpretation of the K/Ar signatures indicates that: (1) all of these clay assemblages are

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3

Andrews, Julian E. "Jurassic clay mineral assemblages and their post-depositional alteration: upper Great Estuarine Group, Scotland." Geological Magazine 124, no. 3 (1987): 261–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756800016289.

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AbstractClay minerals from Middle Jurassic lagoonal mudrocks, siltstones and silty fine-grained sandstones of the upper Great Estuarine Group (Bathonian) are divided into four assemblages. Assemblage 1, the most common assemblage, is rich in mixed-layer illite–smectite with attendant illite and kaolinite. Assemblage 2 is dominated by smectitic clay. These assemblages are indicative of primary Jurassic deposition. Illite and kaolinite were probably derived from the weathering of older rocks and soils in the basin hinterland and were deposited in the lagoons as river-borne detritus. The majority

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Doser, L. S., R. E. Ferrell, F. J. Longstaffe, and P. M. Walthall. "Fluid flow through clayey soils: stable isotope and mineralogical evidence." Clay Minerals 33, no. 1 (1998): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/000985598545417.

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AbstractThe evaluation of clays as barriers to fluid movement can be improved by geochemical methods that provide ways to examine the reactivity and weathering of minerals in soils and sediments. X-ray radiography, X-ray powder diffraction, and stable isotope geochemistry provide new data from field locations in the Mississippi River Delta of Louisiana indicating that the clays are not effective barriers to the vertical migration of fluids in the shallow subsurface. Systematic changes in the mineral assemblages, the soil structure and the δD and δ18O values of time clay fractions can best be e

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Merriman, R. J. "Clay mineral assemblages in British Lower Palaeozoic mudrocks." Clay Minerals 41, no. 1 (2006): 473–512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/0009855064110204.

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AbstractLower Palaeozoic rocks crop out extensively in Wales, the Lake District of northern England and the Southern Uplands of Scotland; they also form the subcrop concealed beneath the English Midlands and East Anglia. These mainly marine sedimentary rocks were deposited in basins created during plate tectonic assembly of the various terranes that amalgamated to form the British Isles, 400-600 Ma ago. Final amalgamation occurred during the late Lower Devonian Acadian Orogeny when the basins were uplifted and deformed, producing belts of cleaved, low-grade metasediments, so-called slate belts

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Yaremchuk, Yaroslava, Sofiya Hryniv, and Tadeusz Peryt. "Controls on the Transformation of Clay Minerals in the Miocene Evaporite Deposits of the Ukrainian Carpathian Foredeep." Minerals 15, no. 4 (2025): 395. https://doi.org/10.3390/min15040395.

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Clays deposited in marine evaporite sequences are strongly altered, and the most important factor determining their transformation is brine concentration. An X-ray diffraction study of clay minerals associated with the Lower and Middle Miocene evaporite formations of the Ukrainian Carpathian Foredeep indicated that the clay mineral assemblages in the gypsum facies are composed of smectite and illite, and, in some samples, mixed-layer chlorite–smectite and illite–smectite, as well as chlorite. In the halite facies, illite, chlorite, and mixed-layer illite–smectite occur in rock salt of Eggenbur

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7

Dudek, Teresa. "Clay minerals as palaeoenvironmental indicators in the Bathonian (Middle Jurassic) ore-bearing clays from Gnaszyn, Kraków-Silesia Homocline." Acta Geologica Polonica 62, no. 3 (2012): 297–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10263-012-0016-9.

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ABSTRACT Dudek, T. 2012. Clay minerals as palaeoenvironmental indicators in the Bathonian (Middle Jurassic) ore-bearing clays from Gnaszyn, Kraków-Silesia Homocline. Acta Geologica Polonica, 62 (3), 297-305. Warszawa. This paper reports the results of X-ray diffraction quantitative mineralogical studies of the clay-rich Middle Jurassic sedimentary rocks from Gnaszyn, central Poland and their palaeoenvironmental interpretation. The palaeoenvironmental interpretation is aided by the fact that the sediments have not been significantly altered by diagenesis. The mineral composition is uniform thro

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8

Hu, X. F., D. Long, and C. V. Jeans. "A novel approach to the study of the development of the Chalk’s smectite assemblage." Clay Minerals 49, no. 2 (2014): 277–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/claymin.2014.049.2.08.

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AbstractDetrital, volcanic and diagenetic origins have been used to explain the smectite clay assemblage that characterizes the Upper Cretaceous Chalk of Europe. To further the understanding of how clays of different origins may have converged to this characteristic clay mineral assemblage a new approach is put forward for their investigation. This is based upon (1) the correlation that exists between the trace element and stable isotope geochemistry of the calcite cements preserved within Chalk brachiopods and the various diagenetic phases of early lithification and cementation recognized in

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Rasmussen, E. S. "Vejle Fjord Formation: Mineralogy and geochemistry." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark 42 (October 31, 1995): 57–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.37570/bgsd-1995-42-06.

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The Vejle Fjord Formation comprises three members; the Brejning Clay, the Vejle Fjord Clay, and the Vejle Fjord Sand (Late Oligocene-Early Miocene). The lower part of the Brejning Clay was laid down in a shelf environment with a reduced influx of siliciclastic detritus. This resulted in deposition of clay minerals enriched in iron. The early diagenesis was characterized by pyrite and siderite formation within an anoxic sedimentary environment which was established due to degradation of organic matter just below the water/ sediment surface. The clay mineral assemblages of the upper part of the

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Jeans, C. V. "Clay mineralogy of the Jurassic strata of the British Isles." Clay Minerals 41, no. 1 (2006): 187–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/0009855064110198.

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AbstractThe nature and origin of the clay mineralogy of the Jurassic strata of the British Isles are described and discussed within their lithological and biostratigraphical framework using published and unpublished sources as well as 1800 new clay mineral analyses. Regional clay mineral variation is described systematically for the following formations or groups:England and Wales(i)Hettangian-Toarcian strata (Lias Group): Redcar Mudstone Fm.; Staithes Sandstone Fm.; Cleveland Ironstone Fm.; Whitby Mudstone Fm.; Scunthorpe Mudstone Fm.; Blue Lias Fm.; Charmouth Mudstone Fm.; Marlstone Rock Fm.

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Hillier, S., M. J. Wilson, and R. J. Merriman. "Clay mineralogy of the Old Red Sandstone and Devonian sedimentary rocks of Wales, Scotland and England." Clay Minerals 41, no. 1 (2006): 433–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/0009855064110203.

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AbstractThe Devonian sedimentary rocks of the UK are made up of a continental red bed facies, the Old Red Sandstone (ORS), and sediments of a marine origin. The latter are confined to southwest England whereas the ORS occurs much more extensively, particularly in South Wales, the West Midlands, Northern England, the Midland Valley of Scotland and the Orcadian basin. The ORS also occurs extensively offshore where it contains important hydrocarbon reservoirs. Highly variable suites of clay mineral assemblages are characteristic of the ORS. In the West Midlands and Monmouthshire, the Downton Grou

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Jeans, C. V. "Clay mineralogy of the Cretaceous strata of the British Isles." Clay Minerals 41, no. 1 (2006): 47–150. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/0009855064110196.

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AbstractThe clay mineralogy of the Cretaceous strata of the British Isles is described and discussed within its lithostratigraphical and biostratigraphical framework using published and unpublished sources as well as 1400 new clay mineral analyses. The regional clay mineral variation is described systematically for the following strata:(1)Southern England — Purbeck Limestone Group (Berriasian/Ryazanian; Lulworth and Durlston formations), Wealden Group (Valanginian—Barremian/Aptian; Ashdown, Wadhurst Clay, Tunbridge Wells Sands, Grinstead Clay Member, Wealden Clay, Wessex and Vectis formations)

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13

Yi-Kai, Geng, Jin Zhen-Kui, Zhao Jian-Hua, Wen Xin, Zhang Zhen-Peng, and Wang Yang. "Clay minerals in shales of the Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation in the Eastern Sichuan Basin, China." Clay Minerals 52, no. 2 (2017): 217–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/claymin.2017.052.2.04.

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AbstractThe present study examines the characteristics of clay minerals in shale gas reservoirs and their influence on reservoir properties based on X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. These analyses were combined with optical microscopy observations and core and well-log data to investigate the genesis, distribution characteristics, main controlling factors and pore features of clay minerals of the Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation in the East Sichuan area, China. The clay mineral assemblage consists of illite + mixed-layer illite-smectite (I-S) + chlorite. This assemblage inc

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14

Pay, M. D., T. R. Astin, and A. Parker. "Clay mineral distribution in the Devonian-Carboniferous sandstones of the Clair Field, west of Shetland, and its significance for reservoir quality." Clay Minerals 35, no. 1 (2000): 151–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/000985500546549.

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AbstractThe Devonian-Carboniferous reservoir of the Clair Field contains a complex and variably abundant clay mineral assemblage. An abrupt vertical change in clay mineralogy has been observed in both wells studied (UKCS 206/8-7 and 206/8-8) from being rich in Mg-chlorite, chlorite- smectite (including dioctahedral corrensite), illite, illite-smectite and Fe-chlorite, to being smectite- rich. This change broadly coincides with the unconformable boundary between the Lower Clair Group and Upper Clair Group of the reservoir which possibly defines the Devonian-Carboniferous boundary. The clay mine

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15

Bolla, Alberto, Paolo Paronuzzi, Daniela Pinto, Davide Lenaz, and Marco Del Fabbro. "Mineralogical and Geotechnical Characterization of the Clay Layers within the Basal Shear Zone of the 1963 Vajont Landslide." Geosciences 10, no. 9 (2020): 360. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences10090360.

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The 1963 Vajont landslide is a reference example of large rockslides involving clay interbeds emplaced in sedimentary rock masses in correspondence with the basal rupture zone (thinly stratified cherty limestone of the Fonzaso Formation dated to Middle–Upper Jurassic). The basal shear zone of the 1963 Vajont landslide was made up of a chaotic assemblage of displaced rock masses, limestone angular gravel, and spread clay lenses. The mineralogical investigations showed that the clays are characterized by complex assemblages of illite/smectite mixed layers (36–96%) admixed with variable amounts o

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Aparicio, P., and R. E. Ferrell. "An application of profile fitting and CLAY++ for the quantitative representation (QR) of mixed-layer clay minerals." Clay Minerals 36, no. 4 (2001): 501–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/0009855013640005.

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AbstractClay mineral quantification by XRD is difficult when mixed-layer clay minerals and discrete clay types are both present. New procedures for peak decomposition and pattern simulation offer increased opportunities to obtain mineral abundance estimates. This proposed methodological sequence, for quantitative representation (QR) of complex clay samples, involves: (1) determination of layer type, mixed-layer proportion and order (R); (2) simulation of XRD patterns using MULCALC, an adaptation of NEWMOD; and (3) interpretation of the clay assemblage by fitting the whole pattern with CLAY++,

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17

El Ouahabi, M., L. Daoudi, and N. Fagel. "Mineralogical and geotechnical characterization of clays from northern Morocco for their potential use in the ceramic industry." Clay Minerals 49, no. 1 (2014): 35–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/claymin.2014.049.1.04.

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AbstractThis study focuses on the mineralogical and geotechnical characterization of northern Moroccan clays from the Tangier and Tetouan areas and compares them with the main clay deposits used in the Moroccan ceramic industry (from Meknes, Fes, Salé and Safi regions). Sampled clays were analysed by X-ray diffraction on bulk and clay (<2 μm) fractions to identify the mineralogical assemblages of the clay outcrops. Further analyses were conducted to determine the particle size distribution (laser diffraction particle analyser), the total organic matter content (Loss- On-Ignition measurement

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18

Jeans, C. V., J. G. Mitchell, M. Scherer, and M. J. Fisher. "Origin of the Permo-Triassic clay mica assemblage." Clay Minerals 29, no. 4 (1994): 575–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/claymin.1994.029.4.14.

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AbstractClay mica is the predominant component of the fine-grained siliciclastic sediments of the Western European Permo-Trias and it may occur as the sole component of the clay assemblage. Its characteristics have been studied by chemical analysis, radioisotope (K/Ar) data, X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy in the clay assemblages from Triassic and Permian sediments in Spain, Western Approaches, South Devon and East Yorkshire. The clay mica is a ferric dioctahedral mineral containing on average 6.5% Fe2O3 and 7.5% K2O. Crystal thickness ranges from 8 × 10 Å to 115 × 10 Å, and varies w

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Ziegler, K. "Clay minerals of the Permian Rotliegend Group in the North Sea and adjacent areas." Clay Minerals 41, no. 1 (2006): 355–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/0009855064110200.

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AbstractThe nature, distribution and origin of clay minerals in the hydrocarbon-bearing Permian Rotliegend sandstones of the North Sea and the adjacent areas of the Netherlands and Germany are reviewed. The clay minerals occur as detrital coatings of smectite and smectite-illite on the surfaces of sandgrains, and as later diagenetic cements of kaolinite, chlorite (two varieties), and illite in the pore spaces of those sandstones. Two diagenetic clay mineral assemblages are predominant in the Rotliegend of the North Sea. The kaolinite-illite assemblage is restricted to the Rotliegend of shelf a

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Setti, M., L. Marinoni, and A. Lopez-Galindo. "Clay mineral assemblages as indicators of hydrothermalism in the basal part of the CRP-3 core (Victoria Land Basin, Antarctica)." Clay Minerals 44, no. 3 (2009): 389–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/claymin.2009.044.3.389.

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AbstractThe CRP-3 drilling project collected sediments from 3 to 939 mbsf (metres below sea floor) in the Victoria Land Basin in Antarctica. The upper sequence (down to ~790 m bsf) is of Cenozoic age and made up of detrital glaciogenic sediments; the characteristics of clay minerals in this part have been reported elsewhere. Here, the compositional features of clay minerals in the lower sequence such as conglomerates, Devonian sandstones and dolerites are described and genetic processes clarified. Clay minerals in the deepest part of the sequence derive from the alteration of different litholo

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Ghosh, Sampa, Joydip Mukhopadhyay, and Abhijit Chakraborty. "Clay Mineral and Geochemical Proxies for Intense Climate Change in the Permian Gondwana Rock Record from Eastern India." Research 2019 (November 12, 2019): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/2019/8974075.

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The clay mineral assemblages and geochemical compositions of the Permian Talchir and Barakar mudstones of the Raniganj basin, India, have been used to interpret terrestrial paleoclimate. The Talchir Formation presents unequivocal evidences of the Permian global glacial climate, and the overlying Barakar Formation with braided fluvial deposits immediately follows the glacial amelioration stage to a humid warm climate. Sediments unaffected by burial diagenesis and originated from a similar source under contrasting climates are ideal for developing proxies for substantial climate shift. Illite (2

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Sharma, Chhaya, Rajiv Sinha, and M. S. Chauhan. "Sedimentological and pollen studies of Lake Priyadarshini, Eastern Antarctica." Journal of Palaeosciences 49, no. (1-3) (2000): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.54991/jop.2000.126.

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A shallow sediment core from a freshwater Antarctic Lake-Priyadarshini, in Schirmacher Oasis, Eastern Antarctica has been studied for grain size, mineralogy and pollen assemblage. The silty clayey sediments from the lake bed have a simple clay mineral assemblage consisting of illite and chlorite with dominant quartz and feldspar in clay-size fraction. A low-hydrolyzing, periglacial depositional environment is reflected from this assemblage. The pollen analysis identifies three pollen zones based on the fluctuations in the retrieved palynomorphs which apparently manifest palaeoclimatic oscillat

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Kemp, S. J., C. A. Rochelle, and R. J. Merriman. "Back-reacted saponite in Jurassic mudstones and limestones intruded by a Tertiary sill, Isle of Skye." Clay Minerals 40, no. 3 (2005): 263–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/0009855054030171.

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AbstractThe Lòn Ostatoin stream section, Trotternish Peninsula, Isle of Skye, exposes a sequence of Middle Jurassic mudstones and limestones which have been locally metasomatized by a transgressive sill of Tertiary age. Limestones in the sequence, including some previously reported as bentonite, have been altered to an unusual assemblage of grossular garnet and saponite clay. The mudstones also contain large proportions of saponite together with pyroxene and zeolites. Saponite also occurs within the basalt intrusion. Grossular and pyroxene represent artifacts of relatively high-temperature ass

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Rivas, Ashley, Paul M. Myrow, Emily F. Smith, Lyle L. Nelson, Derek E. G. Briggs, and Lidya G. Tarhan. "MORPHOLOGY AND PRESERVATION OF GAOJIASHANIA, AN ENIGMATIC TUBULAR FOSSIL FROM THE UPPER EDIACARAN DUNFEE MEMBER, DEEP SPRING FORMATION, NEVADA, USA." Palaios 39, no. 12 (2024): 444–61. https://doi.org/10.2110/palo.2024.007.

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Abstract The upper Ediacaran stratigraphic record hosts fossil assemblages of Earth’s earliest communities of complex, macroscopic, multicellular life. Tubular fossils are a common and diverse, though frequently undercharacterized, component of many of these assemblages. Gaojiashania cyclus is an enigmatic tubular fossil and candidate index fossil found in upper Ediacaran strata globally and is best known from the Gaojiashan Lagerstätte of South China. Here we describe a recently discovered assemblage of Gaojiashania fossils from the Ediacaran Dunfee Member of the Deep Spring Formation of Neva

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Oyetade, Oluwaseye P., Charles I. Konwea, Olusola J. Ojo, and Tayelolu M. Odesanmi. "Mineralogical studies of the Maastrichtian Gerinya Claystone of the Patti Formation, southern Bida Basin, Nigeria: Implication for industrial application." Mineralogia 52, no. 1 (2021): 10–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mipo-2021-0002.

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Abstract The mineralogical compositions of the Gerinya claystone, Patti Formation, Southern Bida Basin, Nigeria, were investigated to infer their sedimentological process and industrial application. Mineralogical analysis of the claystone was carried out using the X-ray diffraction (XRD) method. The diffractogram peaks aided the identification of the clay and non-clay minerals in the study area. The XRD showed kaolinite as the major clay mineral with compositions ranging from 10.8 - 67.6 wt%. The non-clay minerals were quartz, anatase, diopside, goethite, hematite, rutile, muscovite and micro-

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Norris, Jessica R., Richard M. Tosdal, Joanna Lipske, and Alan J. Wilson. "Late-Stage Low-Temperature Hydrothermal Alteration Overprint at the East Zone in the Red Chris Porphyry Cu-Au Deposit, Northwestern British Columbia, Canada." Economic Geology 118, no. 2 (2023): 391–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.5382/econgeo.4997.

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Abstract High- and intermediate-temperature alteration assemblages at the East zone in the Red Chris porphyry Cu-Au deposit, northwestern British Columbia, Canada, are varyingly overprinted by a lower-temperature intermediate argillic alteration assemblage composed of illite-kaolinite-hematite-carbonate. The intermediate argillic assemblage extensively overprinted the upper 600 m of the porphyry deposit and is present discontinuously to depths of 1,500 m below the premining surface. Kaolinite is dominant in shallow levels and gradually diminishes with depth, replaced by illite as the dominant

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Moon, J. W., Y. Song, H. S. Moon, and G. H. Lee. "Clay minerals from tidal flat sediments at Youngjong Island, Korea, as a potential indicator of sea-level change." Clay Minerals 35, no. 5 (2000): 841–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/000985500547278.

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AbstractClay minerals from the tidal flat sediments along the coast of Youngjong Island, west of mainland Korea, were studied to ascertain their potential as an indicator of sea-level fluctuation. Semi-quantitative analysis of their clay-size fractions by XRD shows that the vertical distribution of clay minerals can be separated into four clay mineral assemblage units. Based on the relative contents of chlorite, four sedimentary units are distinguishable, and the abundance of chlorite is inversely related to that of smectite. The kaolinite content is constant, and so it is clear that chlorite

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Yang, Hongzhi, Liangbiao Lin, Liqing Chen, et al. "Characteristics of Mineralogy, Lithofacies of Fine-Grained Sediments and Their Relationship with Sedimentary Environment: Example from the Upper Permian Longtan Formation in the Sichuan Basin." Energies 14, no. 12 (2021): 3662. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14123662.

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The Longtan Formation of the Upper Permian in the Sichuan Basin has become a significant target for shale gas exploration in recent years. Multiple methods, including outcrop observations, thin sections, total organic matter content, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy were used to investigate the mineralogy, shale lithofacies assemblages and their relationships with the deposition environment. The mineral composition of the Longtan Formation has strong mineral heterogeneity. The TOC values of the Longtan Formation have a wide distribution range from 0.07% to 74.67% with an aver

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Gong, Wen Qiang, and Yong Sheng Zhang. "Geochemical and Palaeo-Climate Significance of the 5⁶ Submember of Majiagou Formation in Northern Shaanxi Ordovician Salt Basin." Advanced Materials Research 868 (December 2013): 159–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.868.159.

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In order to investigate the geochemical and palaeo-climate significance of the 56submember of majiagou formation, mineral assemblage and inorganic geochemistry features of SJ1 well were particular analyzed by X-ray diffraction and SEM characterization. The result of trace and major elements about mudstone interlayer samples showed that the mineral assemblage of clay in this area was mainly illite and chlorite, and these two complement were relatively complementd from each other. Mn, Sr, P, Cu, Rb/Sr, Sr/Cu, Fe/Mn, (Fe+Al)/(Ca+Mg) ,V/(V+Ni) and Cu/Zn had the simialr variation tendencies on the

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CORS, JEAN, ULRICH HEIMHOFER, THIERRY ADATTE, PETER A. HOCHULI, STEFAN HUCK, and TELM BOVER-ARNAL. "Climatic evolution across oceanic anoxic event 1a derived from terrestrial palynology and clay minerals (Maestrat Basin, Spain)." Geological Magazine 152, no. 4 (2014): 632–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756814000557.

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AbstractStudies dealing with the response of the continental biosphere to the environmental perturbations associated with Cretaceous oceanic anoxic events (OAEs) are comparatively rare. Here, a quantitative spore-pollen record combined with clay mineral data is presented, which covers the entire early Aptian OAE 1a interval (Forcall Formation, Maestrat basin, east Spain). The well-expressed OAE 1a carbon-isotope anomaly is paralleled by changes in the clay mineral assemblage and by a stepwise decline in the normalized frequency ofClassopollispollen (produced by xerophytic Cheirolepidiaceae) wi

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Dypvik, H., and R. E. Ferrell. "Clay mineral alteration associated with meteorite impact in the marine environment (Barents Sea)." Clay Minerals 33, no. 1 (1998): 51–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/000985598545426.

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AbstractMore than 50 samples from a Barents Sea borehole near the Mjolnir Structure (an extraterrestrial impact feature) were used to investigate changes in the clay assemblage associated with the submarine impact. Seismic evidence, the presence of shocked quartz and a prominent Ir anomaly restricted the potential impact affected zone to a 10 m interval, straddling the Jurassic/Cretaceous boundary.Increased abundance (up to 30 wt%) of a smectite, a randomly interstratified smectite-illite with 85% smectite layers, forms the basis for a two-layer oceanic impact clay model that differs from publ

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Kim, Taehwan, Yoonsup Kim, Simone Tumiati, Daeyeong Kim, Keewook Yi, and Mi Jung Lee. "Sedimentary protolith and high-P metamorphism of oxidized manganiferous quartzite from the Lanterman Range, northern Victoria Land, Antarctica." European Journal of Mineralogy 36, no. 2 (2024): 323–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ejm-36-323-2024.

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Abstract. We investigated the mineral assemblage, mineral and bulk-rock chemistry, and zircon U–Pb age of a manganiferous quartzite layer in the Lanterman Range, northern Victoria Land, Antarctica. The mineral assemblage consists primarily of phengite and quartz, along with spessartine-rich garnet, Mn3+ and rare earth element–yttrium (REY)-zoned epidote-group minerals, and titanohematite. Mineral inclusions such as tephroite, rutile and pyrophanite are hosted in porphyroblasts of the latter three minerals and suggest prograde blueschist-facies to low-T eclogite-facies metamorphism (M1). Epidot

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Cardoso-Fernandes, Joana, João Silva, Mônica M. Perrotta, et al. "Interpretation of the Reflectance Spectra of Lithium (Li) Minerals and Pegmatites: A Case Study for Mineralogical and Lithological Identification in the Fregeneda–Almendra Area." Remote Sensing 13, no. 18 (2021): 3688. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13183688.

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Reflectance spectroscopy has been used to identify several deposit types. However, applications concerning lithium (Li)-pegmatites are still scarce. Reflectance spectroscopic studies complemented by microscopic and geochemical studies were employed in the Fregeneda–Almendra (Spain–Portugal) pegmatite field to analyze the spectral behavior of Li-minerals and field lithologies. The spectral similarity of the target class (Li-pegmatites) with other elements was also evaluated. Lepidolite was discriminated from other white micas and the remaining Li-minerals. No diagnostic feature of petalite and

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Drummond, Justin B. R., T. Kurt Kyser, Robert R. Bowell, Noel P. James, and Daniel Layton-Matthews. "Diagenesis of paleodrainages in Lake Way and Lake Maitland, Western Australia, and the role of authigenic Mg-clays and dolomite in the genesis of channel and playa uranium deposits." Canadian Mineralogist 59, no. 5 (2021): 947–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3749/canmin.2000053.

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ABSTRACT This study integrates mineralogical and hydrogeochemical analysis of channel and playa uranium deposits to characterize aquifer evolution and the physico-chemical mechanisms that result in the accumulation of uranium into potentially economic deposits. This subset of surficial U deposits occur in Tertiary to Recent calcrete and dolomitic, clay-rich fluvial paleochannel and palustrine sediments, wherein uranium is largely bound in the potassium-uranyl-vanadate mineral carnotite [K2(UO2)2(VO4)2·3H2O]. Scanning electron microanalysis indicates that the carnotite mineralization is part of

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He, Jie, Eduardo Garzanti, Tao Jiang, et al. "Mineralogy and geochemistry of modern Red River sediments (North Vietnam): Provenance and weathering implications." Journal of Sedimentary Research 92, no. 12 (2022): 1169–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2110/jsr.2022.045.

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Abstract This study illustrates the clay mineralogy and sedimentary geochemistry of the Red River and its major tributaries and distributaries in northern Vietnam and shows how these methods can be used to unravel grain size, provenance, hydraulic-sorting, and chemical weathering effects. All sand samples are SiO2-rich and consequently depleted in most chemical elements (but Sn and Pb) relative to the upper continental crust (UCC). The order of element mobility indicated by αAlE values, which estimate the degree of depletion in mobile element E relative to the UCC standard, is Ca ≥ Na &gt;

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Escolme, Angela, Ron F. Berry, Julie Hunt, Scott Halley, and Warren Potma. "Predictive Models of Mineralogy from Whole-Rock Assay Data: Case Study from the Productora Cu-Au-Mo Deposit, Chile." Economic Geology 114, no. 8 (2019): 1513–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5382/econgeo.2019.4650.

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Abstract Mineralogy is a fundamental characteristic of a given rock mass throughout the mining value chain. Understanding bulk mineralogy is critical when making predictions on processing performance. However, current methods for estimating complex bulk mineralogy are typically slow and expensive. Whole-rock geochemical data can be utilized to estimate bulk mineralogy using a combination of ternary diagrams and bivariate plots to classify alteration assemblages (alteration mapping), a qualitative approach, or through calculated mineralogy, a predictive quantitative approach. Both these techniq

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Blok, Carlette N., Thierry Adatte, Jon R. Ineson, et al. "Clay mineral assemblages as a tool in source-to-sink studies: an example from the Lower Cretaceous of the North Sea Basin." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark 71 (October 13, 2023): 99–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.37570/bgsd-2023-71-06.

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The alternating marlstone and chalk of the Lower Cretaceous succession in the Danish Central Graben (DCG) are important for the understanding of the evolution of the larger North Sea Basin. This study focusses on the clay mineral assemblages of the upper Hauterivian – lower Aptian in the DCG and Danish Basin (DB) and their implications. Clay mineral assemblages are predominantly used to assess palaeoclimate. In this study, however, they were additionally used in a source-to-sink context. Kaolinite was found to form a dominant component of the clay mineral assemblage in the sampled wells of the

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Velde, B. "Possible chemical controls of illite/smectite composition during diagenesis." Mineralogical Magazine 49, no. 352 (1985): 387–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.1985.049.352.09.

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AbstractRe-interpretation of the significance of phase assemblages present in two sequences of rocks having experienced similar burial diagenesis allows one to establish that the change of oxidation state of iron in sediments could have the effect of changing the smectite content of the mixed layer mineral. This is used to explain an almost isothermal change in the composition of a sequence while others do not show such a rapid change. An indicator of the reaction is seen in the composition of the chlorite present in the rocks which is iron-rich and alumina-poor compared to chlorites in rocks

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ZHANG, Junqiang, Jian LIU, Xianghuai KONG, et al. "CLAY MINERAL ASSEMBLAGE OF SEDIMENTS FROM MIDDLE REACH OF HUAIHE RIVER." Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology 31, no. 1 (2011): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1140.2011.01021.

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Rodger, Andrew, Adrian Fabris, and Carsten Laukamp. "Feature Extraction and Clustering of Hyperspectral Drill Core Measurements to Assess Potential Lithological and Alteration Boundaries." Minerals 11, no. 2 (2021): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min11020136.

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A workflow incorporating hyperspectral reflectance data, hull corrections, absorption feature extraction and clustering is presented. The workflow is applied to dense hyperspectral datasets, as collected by hyperspectral drill core logging systems. The extracted absorption features of the reflectance spectra collected from drill cores are shown to form assemblage clusters when plotting the wavelength position of the first, second and third deepest absorption features in two and three dimensions. Using an unsupervised clustering method to establish clusters based on the extracted absorption fea

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Patil, D. N., V. N. Bhosale, and A. V. Kulkarni. "Clay Mineralogy of the Soils of Indrayani River Basin, Western Maharashtra, India." Journal Geological Society of India 35, no. 4 (1990): 421–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17491/jgsi/1990/350412.

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Abstract Clay mineralogy of the soils of Indrayani river basin of western Maharashtra, has been investigated with the help of DTA, XRD and IR spectroscopic techniques. On the basis of clay mineral assemblage of the soils, trends of chemical weathering of basalt and formation and evolution of the soils have been visualised. It has been observed that the chemical weathering of basalt of nearly uniform chemical and mineralogical composition, has led to the development of two contrasting soil types. Red to reddish-brown coloured lateritic to semi-lateritic soils of the western part of the basin ar

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Jeans, C. V., N. J. Tosca, X. F. Hu, and S. Boreham. "Clay mineral-grain size-calcite cement relationships in the Upper Cretaceous Chalk, UK: a preliminary investigation." Clay Minerals 49, no. 2 (2014): 299–325. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/claymin.2014.049.2.09.

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AbstractThe idea is tested that the evolution of the Chalk’s clay mineral assemblage during diagenesis can be deduced by examining the relationships between its clay mineralogy, particle size distribution pattern, and the timing and trace element chemistry of the calcite cement. The preliminary results from five different examples of cementation developed at different stages of diagenesis in chalks with smectite-dominated clay assemblages suggest that this is a promising line of investigation. Soft chalks with minor amount of anoxic series calcite cement poor in Mg, Fe and Mn are associated wi

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Netto, Paulo R. A., Manuel Pozo, Maurício Dias da Silva, et al. "Paleoenvironmental Implications of Authigenic Magnesian Clay Formation Sequences in the Barra Velha Formation (Santos Basin, Brazil)." Minerals 12, no. 2 (2022): 200. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min12020200.

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The characterization of Mg-clays in rock samples (well P1) from the Barra Velha Formation (Early Cretaceous) allowed the establishment of mineral assemblages on the basis of their kerolite and Mg-smectite (stevensite and saponite) content. Kerolite-rich assemblages (A and B) rarely contain saponite. Assemblage B is composed of kerolite-stevensite mixed layers, while assemblage A consists of more than 95% kerolite. Mg-smectite-rich assemblages (C and CB) are made up of both Mg-smectites. The predominance of stevensite in the lower interval of the stratigraphic succession suggests evaporative co

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Mustafa, Asaad, Howri Mansurbeg, and Ibrahim Mohialdeen. "Petrography and Clay Mineral Variations Across the Cretaceous/Paleogene (K/Pg) Boundary, Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, Iraq." Iraqi Geological Journal 55, no. 2E (2022): 16–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.46717/igj.55.2e.2ms-2022-11-16.

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The Cretaceous/Paleogene (K/Pg) boundary marks the global extinction of many life forms, this boundary around Sulaimani city coincides with the boundary between Tanjero and Kolosh formations. These two units are flysch deposits of the Zagros Foreland Basin. This study focuses on petrography and clay mineralogy variations between these two units. Petrographic study, X-Ray Diffraction analysis, and Scanning Electron Microscope analysis were conducted on samples from different lithologies. The petrographic study of fine-grain lithologies shows that they are mainly wackestone without variation acr

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Piilonen, Paula C., Glenn Poirier, William Lechner, Ralph Rowe, and R. Peter Richards. "Zeolite Minerals from Wat Ocheng, Ta Ang, Ratanakiri Province, Cambodia – Occurrence, Composition, and Paragenesis." Canadian Mineralogist 60, no. 1 (2022): 133–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3749/canmin.2000113.

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ABSTRACT Located in the southwest corner of the Ratanakiri Volcanic Province, the Wat Ocheng basalt is the first known zeolite locality in Cambodia. The basalt is a fine-grained, vesicular to amygdaloidal, subalkaline to transitional alkaline intraplate tholeiite comprised of 30% lath-like plagioclase (average: Ab51An45Or4), 35% interstitial augite (average: Wo44En35Fs21), 25–30% zeolites after plagioclase and volcanic glass, and minor skeletal ulvöspinel. It contains mineralized amygdales ranging in size from 0.5 × 0.5 cm to 5 × 9 cm. Nine zeolite species occur at Wat Ocheng, including analci

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Van Keer, I., Ph Muchez, and W. Viaene. "Clay mineralogical variations and evolutions in sandstone sequences near a coal seam and shales in the Westphalian of the Campine Basin (NE Belgium)." Clay Minerals 33, no. 1 (1998): 159–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/000985598545345.

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AbstractMineralogical trends have been investigated on a detailed scale in two Westphalian fluvial sandstone sequences in contact with either a coal seam or shales. The evolution in an authigenic clay mineral assemblage can be related to changes in the pH of the pore-water. Firstly, kaolinite formed early in diagenesis, mainly as a result of K-feldspar dissolution and alteration. This process, which took place under acidic conditions, consumed protons. Subsequently the pH of the pore-water increased and after compaction, illitization of kaolinite occurred under near neutral conditions. Deep bu

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Bondam, Jan, and Manfred Störr. "Transition in chemical and mineralogical composition around unweathered relicts of granodiorite in the kaolin deposit on Bornholm, Denmark." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark 37 (October 14, 1988): 117–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.37570/bgsd-1988-37-10.

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In the kaolin deposit near Rønne on the island of Bornholm in the Baltic Sea a number of well-rounded, unweathered, boulder-like relicts of the granodioritic parent rock are found, embedded in kaolin. Samples have been taken of one relict at 2 cm interval from the fresh material outwards into the kaolin. The distribution pattern of the major elements in these samples has been studied in order to gain an impression of the leaching conditions at the time of formation, in the immediate vicinity of the relict. This distribution shows on a minor scale, what previously has been demonstrated in bulk

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Chorom, Mostafa, Majid Baghernejad, and Siroos Jafari. "Influence of rotation cropping and sugarcane production on the clay mineral assemblage." Applied Clay Science 46, no. 4 (2009): 385–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2009.10.001.

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Ehrmann, Werner, Claus-Dieter Hillenbrand, James A. Smith, Alastair G. C. Graham, Gerhard Kuhn, and Robert D. Larter. "Provenance changes between recent and glacial-time sediments in the Amundsen Sea embayment, West Antarctica: clay mineral assemblage evidence." Antarctic Science 23, no. 5 (2011): 471–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954102011000320.

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AbstractThe Amundsen Sea embayment is a probable site for the initiation of a future collapse of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet. This paper contributes to a better understanding of the transport pathways of subglacial sediments into this embayment at present and during the last glacial period. It discusses the clay mineral composition of sediment samples taken from the seafloor surface and marine cores in order to decipher spatial and temporal changes in the sediment provenance. The most striking feature in the present-day clay mineral distribution is the high concentration of kaolinite, which i

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Boutsougame, Abdelaziz, Hassane Ouazzani, Hassan El Hadi, and Aâtika Eddif. "Volcanisme Permien Du Massif De Chougrane-El Had Des Bouhsoussène (Maroc Central, Maroc)." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 12, no. 27 (2016): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n27p81.

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Permian volcanic Chougrane-El Had the Bouhsoussène complex (central Morocco), manifested primarily by volcanic rocks rhyodacites nature and basalt intercalated in the clay-greso-conglomeratic permian deposits. These are rocks texture in general microlitic to porphyry. Basalts consists of a primary paragenesis formed of plagioclase, pyroxene, olivine and quartz and a secondary mineral assemblage consisting of muscovite, calcite, chlorite and quartz. The rhyodacites show primary paragenesis formed of plagioclase, pyroxene and quartz and a secondary mineral assemblage consisting of calcite and se

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