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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Clays'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Hamer, Julian C. E. "Organo-iron compounds on clays and pillared clays." Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 1998. http://shura.shu.ac.uk/19748/.

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(Ferrocenylmethyl)dimethylammonium chloride has been synthesised and the cation intercalated into the montmorillonite Westone-L. Variable temperature Mossbauer spectroscopy indicated that the molecule had a similar Debye temperature in each environment (144 +/- 5 K and 140 +/- 5 K respectively). The intercalated Mossbauer spectra revealed a Karayagin effect above 80 K. The cation occupies 80 % of the total exchange capacity of the clay, most likely orientated with the cyclopentadienyl rings perpendicular to the silicate layers. Thermal decomposition of the intercalate involved the volatilisati

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2

Taha, Ahmed M. "Interface Shear Behavior of Sensitive Marine Clays --Leda Clay." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/28768.

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Leda clay, which is a type of sensitive marine clay in Canada, is a hazardous soil that could undergo sudden collapse and flow upon wetting and remolding. This type of soil causes many landslide disasters and foundation damage. The existence of Leda clay at or near the proximities of developed cities makes it challenging for infrastructure expansion, and therefore, challenging for geotechnical engineers. At the location where this sensitive marine clay exists, many foundation designers have adopted the use of deep foundations, such as pile foundations to support heavy structures. The shear beh

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3

Nader, Athir. "Engineering Characteristics of Sensitive Marine Clays - Examples of Clays in Eastern Canada." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/30670.

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Sensitive marine clay in Ottawa is a challenging soil for geotechnical engineers. This type of clay behaves differently than other soils in Canada or other parts of the world. They also have different engineering characteristic values in comparison to other clays. Cone penetration testing in sensitive marine clays is also different from that carried out in other soils. The misestimation of engineering characteristics from cone penetration testing can result. Temperature effects have been suspected as the reason for negative readings and erroneous estimations of engineering characteristics from

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4

Gonzalez‐Blanco, Laura. "Gas migration in deep argillaceous formations : Boom clay and indurated clays." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/406355.

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Deep geological disposal remains the preferred option at present for the management of long-living and heat-emitting radioactive waste, which consists of confining the waste during a very long period (several hundreds of thousands of years) by placing them in a deep geological formation. Therefore, the understanding of the long-term behaviour of formations is becoming a key issue to ensure the feasibility of the geological disposal facilities, particularly regarding the generation and migration of gases. The present PhD work aims at better understanding the complex hydro-mechanical response o

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5

Lawrence, Monique A. M. "The adsorption of phenolic and organotin compounds by clays and cation exchanged clays." Thesis, Aston University, 1996. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/9677/.

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Quaternary ammonium exchanged laponites (Quat-laponites) show selectivity in the adsorption of phenols and chlorinated phenols. Strong adsorbate-adsorbent interactions are indicated by adsorption isotherms. Adsorption of phenols and chlorinated phenols by Quat-smectites is greater than that by the Bi Quat-Smectites prepared in this study. It is thought that the quaternary ammonium exchanged smectite components of the Bi Quat-smectites interact with each other (adsorbent-adsorbent interactions) reducing the number of sites available for adsorbate-adsorbent interactions. Solidification/stabilisa

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6

Agaiby, Shehab Sherif Wissa. "Fracture characterization of clays and clay-like materials using flattened Brazilian Test." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/85819.

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Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2013.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 243-251).<br>Fracture mechanics has been used for many years to study the mechanical behavior of brittle and quasi-brittle materials like concrete, rock, wood, and ceramics. To date, the application of fracture mechanics to soils has been limited to dry and partially saturated soils where soil consistency changes due to suction and tends to be harder exhibiting a quasi-brittle behavior. Of late, stud

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7

Brandes, Ian Marcus Civil &amp Environmental Engineering Faculty of Engineering UNSW. "The negative chargeability of clays." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Civil & Environmental Engineering, 2005. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/21847.

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Coastal clay deposits are an increasingly important focus of environmental and geotechnical studies, and to date, geophysical techniques for mapping them have almost exclusively relied on bulk conductivity measurements. However, direct correlation of bulk conductivity data is difficult, as it is a non-unique parameter. A potential alternative geophysical mapping tool is the complex conductivity technique, where both in-phase and out-of-phase conductivity are measured concurrently. Using similar principles, the induced polarisation field technique measures the charge polarisation parameter char

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8

Halayko, Krista Sophia Gelmich. "Gas flow in compacted clays." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0014/MQ32123.pdf.

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9

Berry, A. J. "The dynamic penetration of clays." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.235369.

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10

Velazquez, Tzayhri Gallardo. "A study on pillared clays." Thesis, University of Salford, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.252970.

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11

Akl, Sherif Adel. "Wellbore instability mechanisms in clays." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/64569.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, February 2011.<br>"February 2011." Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 331-341).<br>This dissertation investigates the stability of wellbores drilled in Ko-consolidated clays using non-linear finite element method (FEM) and effective stress soil models to characterize the behavior of clay and unconsolidated shale formations. Two constitutive models are used: Modified Cam Clay (MCC; Roscoe and Burland, 1968), and MIT-E3 (Whittle and Kavvadas, 1994).

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12

Breakwell, I. K. "Chemical modification of smectite clays." Thesis, Aston University, 1992. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/9790/.

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Today, speciality use organoclays are being developed for an increasingly large number of specific applications. Many of these, including use in cosmetics, polishes, greases and paints, require that the material be free from abrasive impurities so that the product retains a smooth `feel'. The traditional `wet' method preparation of organoclays inherently removes abrasives naturally present in the parent mineral clay, but it is time-consuming and expensive. The primary objective of this thesis was to explore the alternative `dry' method (which is both quicker and cheaper but which provides no r

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13

Bond, Stephen P. "Interlamellar modification of smectite clays." Thesis, Aston University, 1991. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/9741/.

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Clay minerals, both natural and synthetic, have a wide range of applications. Smectite clays are not true insulators, their slight conductivity has been utilized by the paper industry in the development of mildly conducting paper. In particular, the synthetic hectorite clay, laponite, is employed to produce paper which is used in automated drawing offices where electro graphic printing is common. The primary objective of this thesis was to modify smectite clays, particularly laponite, to achieve enhanced conductivity. The primary objective was more readily achieved if the subsidiary objective

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14

Patwary, Md Zillur R. "Clay Fluid Interactions in Montmorillonite Swelling Clays: A Molecular Dynamics and Experimental Study." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2012. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/26757.

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Swelling clays cause tremendous amounts of damage to infrastructure. For the effective prevention of detrimental effects of these clays, and to optimize the beneficial properties for industrial applications it is necessary to clearly understand the fundamental mechanisms of swelling of clays. In this study, we studied the effect of fluid polarity on swelling and flow properties of swelling clays using molecular modeling and experimental technique for bridging the molecular level phenomenon of these clays with microstructure change, particle breakdown and macro scale swelling and flow propertie

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15

Naldrett, Dana L. "Glacigenic clays of the Ottawa Valley." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/5275.

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16

Middleton, Glenn W. "Electrofluorescence studies of clays and DNA." Thesis, University of Reading, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.305049.

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17

Williams, S. "Swelling behaviour of unsaturated expansive clays." Thesis, University of South Wales, 1988. https://pure.southwales.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/swelling-behaviour-of-unsaturated-expansive-clays(0b4f591f-9c33-404f-9aac-422fe5d17abe).html.

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This thesis examines two available approaches for predicting the swelling behaviour of unsaturated expansive clays: (i)simplified empirical relationships for rapidly identifying swelling soils and (ii)a more accurate prediction method suitable for design purposes and based upon experimentally measured swell moduli. The work was prompted by the absence of a universally accepted procedure for use with these soils. The initial (and shorter) phase of the work uses published swell data to assess available empirical swell prediction methods and also determine the relative significance of soil parame

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18

Lien, Bon-Hsiang. "Pressuremeter testing in miocene stiff clays." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/39730.

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In geotechnical engineering, it has proven difficult to obtain reliable soil parameters for stiff clays. Laboratory testing results are often scattering due to the fissures and slickensides in these soils. Alternatively, in situ techniques offer a means to test the soils in place. This study focuses on in situ testing in Miocene stiff clays using an advanced nine strain arm self-boring pressuremeter (SBPM). This device was used to test the soils in both a self-boring and a simpler, non-boring mode (pre-bored or PBPM tests). The Miocene stiff clay was unique in that was sensitive and lacked of

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19

Caton, Charlotte(Charlotte Elizabeth). "The sticky property of Ypresian clays." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/123218.

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Thesis: M. Eng., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2019<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 58-60).<br>Construction sites may encounter many problems with the underlying soil, and excavating in soft soils is one of them. One major issue when managing soft soils is clogging, which occurs because cohesive soils tend to adhere to the cutting head of tunnel boring machines or to the cutting wheel of hydromills. This thesis focuses on Ypresian clays, which are highly adhesive. The adhesive pro

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20

Duong, Loc V. "The morphology and structure of intercalated and pillared clays." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2008. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/17707/1/Loc_Van_Duong_Thesis.pdf.

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This thesis is submitted in a format of published papers by the candidate. Advanced methods of electron microscopy and X-ray spectroscopy have been used to study the relationship between the pillars and the silicate structure ranging from Al13 and Ga13 complexes to the final products Al- and Ga-pillared clays. The Al13 and Ga13 pillared montmorillonites have been prepared by conventional and ultrasonic methods. The ultrasonic method has been proven to be effective and showed very good catalytically activity. Transmission electron microscopy combined with elemental mapping by EDS showed the dis

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21

Duong, Loc V. "The morphology and structure of intercalated and pillared clays." Queensland University of Technology, 2008. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/17707/.

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This thesis is submitted in a format of published papers by the candidate. Advanced methods of electron microscopy and X-ray spectroscopy have been used to study the relationship between the pillars and the silicate structure ranging from Al13 and Ga13 complexes to the final products Al- and Ga-pillared clays. The Al13 and Ga13 pillared montmorillonites have been prepared by conventional and ultrasonic methods. The ultrasonic method has been proven to be effective and showed very good catalytically activity. Transmission electron microscopy combined with elemental mapping by EDS showed the dis

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22

Bond, Andrew John. "Behaviour of displacement piles in overconsolidated clays." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/7781.

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23

Engin, Guleda. "Development of anionic clays for water treatment." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.342253.

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24

Gale, Julian David. "Computer simulation of zeolites and pillared clays." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.307093.

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25

Nocon, Melody Schwartz. "Inorganic Sorption in Polymer Modified Bentonite Clays." Scholar Commons, 2006. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3850.

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In 1986, geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs) were invented and successfully used as a replacement for the soil layer in composite lining systems. In some applications an additive (polymer) is mixed with the bentonite to increase performance, especially in those that have low concentrations of sodium bentonite (EPA 2001).Studies showing significant increases in hydraulic conductivity values for bentonite in the presence of high salt concentrations are frequently documented and there is a risk of early breakthrough due to performance failure of the GCL clay component. (Ashmawy et al, 2002). It has a

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26

Sharma, Radhey Shyam. "Mechanical behaviour of unsaturated highly expansive clays." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1998. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:6ee59b08-357a-4d2d-96f1-c5987465f437.

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This thesis concerns the mechanical behaviour of unsaturated highly expansive clays. Given the high cost of damage to buildings, structures and roads caused by unexpected ground movements associated with unsaturated highly expansive clays and the increasing use of compacted expansive clays for engineered barriers for environmental protection and other purposes, it was considered important to investigate the behaviour of these materials. Previous researchers had reported the occurrence of substantial irreversible components of either wetting-induced swelling or drying-induced shrinkage during c

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27

Hazelwood, Adam Charles. "Synthesis and characterisation of novel pillared clays." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.248171.

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28

Elmes, D. R. "Creep and viscosity in two kaolin clays." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.372627.

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29

Chin, Chung-Tien. "Open-ended pile penetration in saturated clays." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/15176.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil Engineering, 1986.<br>MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ENGINEERING.<br>Bibliography: leaves 245-248.<br>by Chung-Tien Chin.<br>Ph.D.

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30

Rafalovich, Alexander. "The mechanics of plate penetration in clays." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/13398.

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31

Bordallo, Heloisa N., Laurence P. Aldridge, G. Jock Churchman, Will P. Gates, Arnaud Desmedt, and Mark T. F. Telling. "Understanding water diffusion in concrete and clays." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-193924.

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32

Karami, Azzam Omar 1962. "Consolidation of clays using the triaxial apparatus." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276842.

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The calculation of a consolidation settlement is an important problem encountered in the foundation of buildings. Due to need for simplicity engineers are mainly using the one dimensional theory of Terzaghi for calculations of consolidation settlements with time. Consolidation tests are still performed in most laboratories with the traditional oedometer cell. Although the results of the oedometer can provide relatively reliable results, they are not equally effective for the calculation of the rate of consolidation. This primarily because of the inability of the oedometer cell to obtain full s

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33

Simoes, Ana M. "Natural attenuation of landfill leachate by clays." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2005. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/79337/.

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34

Bordallo, Heloisa N., Laurence P. Aldridge, G. Jock Churchman, Will P. Gates, Arnaud Desmedt, and Mark T. F. Telling. "Understanding water diffusion in concrete and clays." Diffusion fundamentals 6 (2007) 56, S. 1-2, 2007. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A14235.

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35

Stark, Timothy D. "Mechanisms of strength loss in stiff clays." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/74771.

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On September 14, 1981 a major slide was discovered in the upstream slope of San Luis Darn, located about 100 miles southeast of San Francisco, California. The slide occurred at the end of a period of rapid drawdown of the reservoir. Although this was the longest and fastest drawdown in the life of the dam, 180 feet in 120 days, there had been seven previous cycles of drawdown, some nearly as severe as the one that preceded the slide. Field measurements showed the slide was caused by the clayey slopewash material left in the foundation of the dam during construction. Although the slopewash wa

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36

Ghahremannejad, Behrooz. "Thermo-Mechanical Behaviour of Two Reconstituted Clays." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/492.

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The effect of temperature on soil behaviour has been the subject of many studies in recent years due to an increasing number of projects related to the application of high temperature to soil. One example is the construction of facilities for the disposal of hot high level nuclear waste canisters (150-200C) several hundred meters underground in the clay formations. Despite this, the effects and mechanism by which temperature affects the soil properties and behaviour are not fully known. A limited amount of reliable experimental data, technological difficulties and experimental methods employed

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37

Ghahremannejad, Behrooz. "Thermo-Mechanical Behaviour of Two Reconstituted Clays." University of Sydney. Civil Engineering, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/492.

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The effect of temperature on soil behaviour has been the subject of many studies in recent years due to an increasing number of projects related to the application of high temperature to soil. One example is the construction of facilities for the disposal of hot high level nuclear waste canisters (150-200C) several hundred meters underground in the clay formations. Despite this, the effects and mechanism by which temperature affects the soil properties and behaviour are not fully known. A limited amount of reliable experimental data, technological difficulties and experimental methods employed

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38

Silva, Adriana Almeida. "Contribuição ao estudo das bentonitas do município de Boa Vista Estado da Paraíba." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3133/tde-29062011-133500/.

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As argilas são rochas constituídas por argilominerais e por minerais acessórios, cuja estrutura cristalina permite a adsorção de cátions e ânions conferindo-lhes propriedades físico-químicas particulares. Quimicamente os argilomineriais são formados essencialmente por silicatos hidratados de alumínio, ferro e magnésio. As bentonitas apresentam mais de 140 usos industriais, com variações particulares, seja devido ao emprego tecnológico desta argila, seja devido à origem geológica ou à composição mineralógica desta, por isso, sendo consideradas tipos especiais de argilas industriais. O termo ben

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39

Stoddart, Christopher Paul. "Powder diffraction studies of solid solution effects in minerals." Thesis, Staffordshire University, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.385193.

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40

Wang, Liangcheng. "Reactions of leuco dyes on acid activated clays." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 1993. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/20276/.

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The colour formers used in carbonless copying paper consist of admixtures of primary and secondary dyes. Work was carried out in this programme both on retarding the photofading of the primary dyes and on improving the reactivity of the clay minerals towards the development of the secondary dye. The photolytic fading behaviour of S primary dyes were examined both in solution and on solid clay surfaces, and the intermediacy of singlet oxygen in the fading processes of the dyes examined by the DPBF trapping method. The retardation of dye fading was accomplished using bis(dithiocarbamato)nickel(I

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41

Duquette, Martin. "Surface charge evaluation of soils, clays and oxides." Thesis, McGill University, 1991. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=39270.

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Two objectives are achieved in this thesis: (1) to develop a new method to measure the pH-dependent net surface charge of soils and (2) to determine if, by a combination of the surface charge evaluated by potentiometric titration and ion adsorption, we can separate the permanent charge, generated by the isomorphous substitution, from the variable charge. First, a laboratory procedure, using backtitration, was developed for the measurement of the pH-dependent net surface charge. This method was tested on ten soil horizons from Gleysols and Podzols. It appears that the pH-dependent net surface c

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42

Baudet, Beatrice Anne. "Modelling effects of structure in soft natural clays." Thesis, City University London, 2001. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/8394/.

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Geological processes give natural clays a different structure to that of clays that are reconstituted in the laboratory. In soft clays, this structure often breaks down under loading; this is called destructuration. This project aimed to develop a model to predict destructuration in soft natural clays. An understanding of the main characteristics of the behaviour of these clays detained was from data reported in the literature. Existing frameworks that describe the behaviour of these clays were reviewed, and basic concepts proposed to model structured soils. The Sensitivity framework (Cotecchi

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43

Saffarzadeh, Morteza. "Engineering behaviour and microfabrics of clays and silts." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.386038.

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44

Warburton, C. I. "Preparation and characterisation of zirconium pillared interlayered clays." Thesis, University of Reading, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.356081.

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45

Charles, Kate Elizabeth. "Synthesis, chemical tailoring and characterisation of smectite clays." Thesis, University of Exeter, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.263146.

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46

Rummey, Jacqueline Michelle. "EXAFS studies of polyoxometallates and chromium pillared clays." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.305565.

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47

Wilson, Justin Benedict. "Shrink/swell potential of some British Mesozoic clays." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.266907.

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48

Kantartzi, Christina. "Ground movements during diaphragm wall installation in clays." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 1993. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/1532.

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Diaphragm walls are being used increasingly in connection with building basements and road improvement schemes, particularly in urban areas. Many of these walls retain overconsolidated clay, and the magnitude of the lateral stresses which will act on the wall under service conditions is uncertain. One of the reasons for this is that, although the initial in situ lateral effective earth pressures in an overconsolidated clay deposit will be high, they will be affected to some extent by the process of installation of the wall. Stress relief which occurs during installation should be taken into ac

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49

MARTINS, THAIS KLEIN FORNAZELLI. "INTRINSIC COMPRESSIBILITY CHARACTERISTICS OF TWO COASTAL BRAZILIAN CLAYS." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2017. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=36620@1.

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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO<br>COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR<br>PROGRAMA DE EXCELENCIA ACADEMICA<br>Um grande movimento de massa ocorrido em 28 de Março de 2013 no Porto de Santana, na região da foz do Rio Amazonas, no Amapá, motivou o estudo das características de compressibilidade de argilas moles a partir do material reconstituído. Os solos naturais diferem dos solos reconstituídos devido à influência da micro e macroestrutura. O conceito de linha de compressão intrínseca (ICL) proposto por Burland (1990) permite uma avaliação quantitati

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50

Pestana-Nascimento, Juan Manuel. "A unified constitutive model for clays and sands." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/11724.

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