Journal articles: 'Clean energy challenges'

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Zhang, Yuzhuo. "Clean Energy: Opportunities and Challenges." Engineering 3, no. 4 (August 2017): 431. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eng.2017.04.025.

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Bowlin, Michael R. "Clean Energy - Preparing Today for Tomorrow's Challenges." Oil & Gas Executive Report 2, no. 02 (April 1, 1999): 18–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/56848-oger.

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Yamada, Koichi. "Renewable and Clean Energy: Challenges for our Future." TRENDS IN THE SCIENCES 9, no. 5 (2004): 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5363/tits.9.5_41.

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Xia, Hui, Michael Z. Hu, Ying Shirley Meng, Jianping Xie, and Xiangyu Zhao. "Nanostructured Materials for Clean Energy and Environmental Challenges." Journal of Nanomaterials 2014 (2014): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/675859.

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Morris, Adele C., Pietro S. Nivola, and Charles L. Schultze. "Clean energy: Revisiting the challenges of industrial policy." Energy Economics 34 (November 2012): S34—S42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2012.08.030.

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Islam, Aminul, Md Biplob Hossain, Md Alam Hossain Mondal, Mohammad Tofayal Ahmed, Md Alam Hossain, Minhaj Uddin Monir, Mohammad Forrukh Hossain Khan, et al. "Energy challenges for a clean environment: Bangladesh’s experience." Energy Reports 7 (November 2021): 3373–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2021.05.066.

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Brandon, N. P., and Z. Kurban. "Clean energy and the hydrogen economy." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 375, no. 2098 (June 12, 2017): 20160400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2016.0400.

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In recent years, new-found interest in the hydrogen economy from both industry and academia has helped to shed light on its potential. Hydrogen can enable an energy revolution by providing much needed flexibility in renewable energy systems. As a clean energy carrier, hydrogen offers a range of benefits for simultaneously decarbonizing the transport, residential, commercial and industrial sectors. Hydrogen is shown here to have synergies with other low-carbon alternatives, and can enable a more cost-effective transition to de-carbonized and cleaner energy systems. This paper presents the opportunities for the use of hydrogen in key sectors of the economy and identifies the benefits and challenges within the hydrogen supply chain for power-to-gas, power-to-power and gas-to-gas supply pathways. While industry players have already started the market introduction of hydrogen fuel cell systems, including fuel cell electric vehicles and micro-combined heat and power devices, the use of hydrogen at grid scale requires the challenges of clean hydrogen production, bulk storage and distribution to be resolved. Ultimately, greater government support, in partnership with industry and academia, is still needed to realize hydrogen's potential across all economic sectors. This article is part of the themed issue ‘The challenges of hydrogen and metals’.

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Srinivasan, Sesha S., and Elias K. Stefanakos. "Clean Energy and Fuel Storage." Applied Sciences 9, no. 16 (August 9, 2019): 3270. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9163270.

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Clean energy and fuel storage is often required for both stationary and automotive applications. Some of the clean energy and fuel storage technologies currently under extensive research and development are hydrogen storage, direct electric storage, mechanical energy storage, solar-thermal energy storage, electrochemical (batteries and supercapacitors), and thermochemical storage. The gravimetric and volumetric storage capacity, energy storage density, power output, operating temperature and pressure, cycle life, recyclability, and cost of clean energy or fuel storage are some of the factors that govern efficient energy and fuel storage technologies for potential deployment in energy harvesting (solar and wind farms) stations and on-board vehicular transportation. This Special Issue thus serves the need to promote exploratory research and development on clean energy and fuel storage technologies while addressing their challenges to a practical and sustainable infrastructure.

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Qiu, Jane. "Clean-energy development in China." National Science Review 2, no. 4 (October 27, 2015): 528–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwv064.

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Abstract In June, China announced its 2030 target to cut its greenhouse-gas emissions per unit of gross domestic product by 60%–65% from 2005 levels. To achieve the goal, it would increase the share of non-fossil fuels as part of its primary energy consumption to 20% by 2030 and aim to peak emissions around the same time. As world's largest carbon emitter, the announcement is widely hailed not only as a strong impetus for the UN climate talks, which are convened in Paris this month, but a solution to the country's unprecedented choking pollution. In a forum chaired by National Science Review's executive associate editor Mu-ming Poo, four panelists from diverse backgrounds discuss how clean-energy development could help China to fight against air pollution and meet its 2030 target, what sorts of policies need to be in place, and what the main challenges are.

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Li, Fanxing, and Liang-Shih Fan. "Clean coal conversion processes – progress and challenges." Energy & Environmental Science 1, no. 2 (2008): 248. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b809218b.

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Chung, Tai-Shung, Xue Li, Rui Chin Ong, Qingchun Ge, Honglei Wang, and Gang Han. "Emerging forward osmosis (FO) technologies and challenges ahead for clean water and clean energy applications." Current Opinion in Chemical Engineering 1, no. 3 (August 2012): 246–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coche.2012.07.004.

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Borthakur, Abhilash, Tushar Ranjan Bora, Thuleswar Nath, and Parimal Bakul Barua. "Clean Energy, its Prospect and Challenges in India: A Literature Review." Applied Mechanics and Materials 895 (November 2019): 134–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.895.134.

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The survey primarily deals with the evaluation of green technology development in India. With the depletion of fossil fuels resources, increase of supply security issues, and menace of climate change; clean energy through green technology may offer the best possibilities and outlook for their long-term replacement. The United Nations designated the decade 2014–2024 as the “Decade of Sustainable Energy for All”. Achieving feasibility in energy employment is expected to create a cleaner environment, broader access to electricity, better energy efficiency, and result in greater investment in green technology. Clean energy initiative is not only to substitute the conventional source of energy, but for protecting the mother earth for the future mankind. Emblematic lantern and the oil lamp were the most prominent sources of light at nights for Indians when it achieved independence as it was suffering from severe electricity deficit. However scenario has changed after six decades. As per census 2011, out of 191.9 million household 107.2 million households were electrified. India is, however, aiming high in this domain, with a target to attain 175 GW of installed renewables capacity by 2022 which include 100 GW of solar, 60 GW of wind, 10 GW of bio power and 5 GW of small hydro-power. This survey has taken up to trace the research trends in India to fulfill the mission to almost substitute the conventional energy.

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Kaldellis, J. K., and D. Zafirakis. "Prospects and challenges for clean energy in European Islands.The TILOS paradigm." Renewable Energy 145 (January 2020): 2489–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2019.08.014.

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Mao, Tian, Baorong Zhou, Xin Zhang, Wenfeng Yao, and Zexiang Zhu. "Accommodation of Clean Energy: Challenges and Practices in China Southern Region." IEEE Open Journal of Power Electronics 1 (2020): 198–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ojpel.2020.3003354.

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Michaelowa, Axel, and D. Hayashi. "Methodological challenges for energy efficiency improvement under the clean development mechanism." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 6, no. 20 (February 1, 2009): 202011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1307/6/20/202011.

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Sahoo, Ramkrishna, Anjali Pal, and Tarasankar Pal. "2D materials for renewable energy storage devices: Outlook and challenges." Chemical Communications 52, no. 93 (2016): 13528–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6cc05357b.

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El-Azab, Rasha. "Smart homes: potentials and challenges." Clean Energy 5, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 302–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ce/zkab010.

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Abstract Decentralized distributed clean-energy sources have become an essential need for smart grids to reduce the harmful effects of conventional power plants. Smart homes with a suitable sizing process and proper energy-management schemes can share in reducing the whole grid demand and even sell clean energy to the utility. Smart homes have been introduced recently as an alternative solution to classical power-system problems, such as the emissions of thermal plants and blackout hazards due to bulk plants/transmission outages. The appliances, sources and energy storage of smart homes should be coordinated with the requirements of homeowners via a suitable energy-management scheme. Energy-management systems are the main key to optimizing both home sources and the operation of loads to maximize home-economic benefits while keeping a comfortable lifestyle. The intermittent uncertain nature of smart homes may badly affect the whole grid performance. The prospective high penetration of smart homes on a smart power grid will introduce new, unusual scenarios in both generation and loading. In this paper, the main features and requirements of smart homes are defined. This review aims also to address recent proposed smart-home energy-management schemes. Moreover, smart-grid challenges with a high penetration of smart-home power are discussed.

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Long, Bui Duc. "THERMOELECTRIC MATERIALS: FUNDAMENTAL, APPLICATIONS AND CHALLENGES." Vietnam Journal of Science and Technology 56, no. 1A (May 4, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/2525-2518/56/1a/12498.

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Energy and the environment are popular themes in the 21st century because both are closely interlinked. The current technologies are focusing on finding new, clean, safe and renewable energy sources for a better environment. Thermoelectric (TE) materials are able to generate electricity when applied a temperature different at a junction of two dissimilar materials. This is a promising technology to directly convert waste heat into electricity without any gas emission, thus providing one of the most clean and safe energy. However, the applications of TE devices are still limited due to its low energy conversion efficiency and high material cost. As a result, researches in TE materials are mainly focusing on the improving of efficiency and developing cheap materials. In this paper, the fundamental, challenges and applications of thermoelectric materials were reviewed. In addition, currently research in thermoelectric materials and improving their efficiency will also be reviewed.

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Mukerjee, Sanjeev, V. Renugopalakrishnan, Bernardo Barbiellini, Sowmya Viswanathan, Michael Chin, and P. Somasundaran. "The scientific symposium “Materials Challenges for Clean Energy in the New Millennium”." Materials Today 12, no. 11 (November 2009): 62–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1369-7021(09)70300-1.

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Gui, Emi Minghui, and Iain MacGill. "Typology of future clean energy communities: An exploratory structure, opportunities, and challenges." Energy Research & Social Science 35 (January 2018): 94–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2017.10.019.

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Arya, Pushpendra. "Solar Photovoltaic System in India: Challenges and Barriers." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VI (June 15, 2021): 1060–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.35197.

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In today’s world we are going towards the major share of renewable energy to reduce the effect Green House Gases (GHG) in the atmosphere. The limitation of energy sources which produces clean energy, the rise in the pollution in the environment, and programs initiated by the Indian Government have encouraged lots of open field researches on Solar Photovoltaic Systems or Solar Energy Systems. As producing the clean and renewable energy is main component of energy sector, solar photovoltaic could be considered as an alternative in various regions. Although Solar Photovoltaic does have different advantages and can be used for various purposes, but also there are several challenges for it. This paper took a whole overview of the advantages and uses of Solar Photovoltaic and barriers in their adaptation/opportunities.

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Tang, Xu, Simon Snowden, Benjamin C. McLellan, and Mikael Höök. "Clean coal use in China: Challenges and policy implications." Energy Policy 87 (December 2015): 517–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2015.09.041.

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YANG, Z., K. WEIL, and M. BRADY. "Materials in Clean Power Systems: Applications, Status and Challenges." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 32, no. 16 (November 2007): 3609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2006.08.039.

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In, Soh Young, Ashby H. B. Monk, and Janelle Knox-Hayes. "Financing Energy Innovation: The Need for New Intermediaries in Clean Energy." Sustainability 12, no. 24 (December 14, 2020): 10440. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su122410440.

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This study aims to advance the understanding of and address the valley of death that is significantly widening in the clean energy domain due to its financing challenges. We conduct a case study on three new investment vehicles in the US energy sector (First Look Fund by Activate, Prime Impact Fund by Prime Coalition, and Aligned Climate Capital), which set their missions to contribute to bridging the valley of death in clean energy. While three cases focus on different technological development phases, they raise a consistent point that investment opportunities (and risks) are not assigned to the appropriate investors. We argue that current financial intermediaries have failed to effectively channel funding sources to entrepreneurs, as we evidence network fragmentation and information asymmetries among investor groups and companies. Therefore, we propose three intermediary functions that can facilitate intelligent and effective information flow among investors throughout the entire energy technology development cycle. Our findings highlight the emergence of collaborative platforms as critical pillars to address financing issues among new energy ventures.

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Li, Jun, Zhengxi Chen, Chen Chen, Yangzi Wang, Fulong Song, and Xiaoxiao Yu. "Research and Outlook on Global Energy Interconnection." E3S Web of Conferences 209 (2020): 01002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202020901002.

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Currently, the world is confronted with a series of challenges including resource shortage, climate change, environment pollution and energy poverty, which are rooted in the humanity’s deep dependence on and large-scale consumption of fossil energy. To tackle with those challenges is an urgent task for realizing sustainable development. The Global Energy Interconnection (GEI) is a clean energy-dominant, electricity-centered, interconnected and shared modern energy system. It is an important platform for large-scale development, transmission and utilization of clean energy resources at a global level, promoting the global energy transition characterized by cleaning, decarbonization, electrification and networking. The GEI has provided a scientific, novel and systematic solution to implement Agenda 2030 as well as the Paris Agreement. Focusing on the scope of clean transition and sustainable development, this paper has implemented qualitative and quantitative methods based on historic data. The global power demand and supply has been forecasted. Based on global clean energy resources endowments and distribution, a global main clean energy bases layout and generation planning optimization has been proposed. Later in this paper, the global power flow under the GEI scenario and corresponding GEI backbone grid has been explored and proposed. Finally, based on a preliminary investment estimation, the comprehensive benefits of building the GEI have been analyzed.

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Bierbaum, Rosina M., and Pamela A. Matson. "Energy in the Context of Sustainability." Daedalus 142, no. 1 (January 2013): 146–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/daed_a_00191.

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Today and in the coming decades, the world faces the challenge of meeting the needs of a still-growing human population, and of doing it sustainably – that is, without affecting the ability of future generations to meet their needs. Energy plays a pivotal role in this challenge, both because of its importance to economic development and because of the myriad interactions and influences it has on other critical sustainability issues. In this essay, we explore some of the direct interactions between energy and other things people need, such as food, water, fuel, and clean air, and also some of its indirect interactions with climate, ecosystems, and the habitability of the planet. We discuss some of the challenges and potential unintended consequences that are associated with a transition to clean, affordable energy as well as opportunities that make sense for energy and other sustainability goals. Pursuing such opportunities is critical not just to meeting the energy needs of nine billion people, but also to meeting their other critical needs and to maintaining a planet that supports human life in the near and long term.

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Phoumin, Han, Fukunari Kimura, and Jun Arima. "ASEAN’s Energy Transition towards Cleaner Energy System: Energy Modelling Scenarios and Policy Implications." Sustainability 13, no. 5 (March 5, 2021): 2819. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13052819.

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The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) faces tremendous challenges regarding the future energy landscape and how the energy transition will embrace a new architecture—including sound policies and technologies to ensure energy access together with affordability, energy security, and energy sustainability. Given the high share of fossil fuels in ASEAN’s current energy mix (oil, coal, and natural gas comprise almost 80%), the clean use of fossil fuels through the deployment of clean technologies is indispensable for decarbonizing ASEAN’s emissions. The future energy landscape of ASEAN will rely on today’s actions, policies, and investments to change the fossil fuel-based energy system towards a cleaner energy system, but any decisions and energy policy measures to be rolled out during the energy transition need to be weighed against potentially higher energy costs, affordability issues, and energy security risks. This paper employs energy modelling scenarios to seek plausible policy options for ASEAN to achieve more emissions reductions as well as energy savings, and to assess the extent to which the composition of the energy mix will be changed under various energy policy scenarios. The results imply policy recommendations for accelerating the share of renewables, adopting clean technologies and the clean use of fossil fuels, and investing in climate-resilient energy quality infrastructure.

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Koomey, Jonathan G., Carrie A. Webber, Celina S. Atkinson, and Andrew Nicholls. "Addressing energy-related challenges for the US buildings sector: results from the clean energy futures study." Energy Policy 29, no. 14 (November 2001): 1209–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0301-4215(01)00068-4.

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Patil, Dhanraj A. "Pathways for Clean Bio Energy in Rural India: Present Challenges and Future Scenarios." Research Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 10, no. 1 (2019): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2321-5828.2019.00038.x.

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Zhang, Jun, Lu Cheng Ji, and Bo Jin. "Hydrogen: Technologies, Policies and Challenges." Applied Mechanics and Materials 260-261 (December 2012): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.260-261.28.

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Hydrogen energy has been considered as a clean alternative energy source substituting fossil fuels. Many countries consider it as the ultimate solution to the energy and environmental problems, even draw up the blueprint of “hydrogen economy” and heavily invest for research and development. However, after decades of research, the hydrogen energy technologies are still being prospective and explored, and haven’t been put into large scale production by now. This article begins with expatiation on the essence of hydrogen energy, makes analysis of various big challenges for hydrogen energy technologies, and reaches the conclusion that we should hold the rational and cautious attitude towards hydrogen energy source because the transition to hydrogen economy of unclear prospect must pay a very high cost, which is unbearable for the social and economic development status of developing countries.

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Şanta, Ana-Maria Iulia. "The Common Energy Market of the European Union–Challenges and Perspectives." Management & Marketing 12, no. 2 (June 1, 2017): 334–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mmcks-2017-0020.

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Abstract The European Commission has the initiative to foster the sector of renewable energy and to build an Energy Union, with a common energy market at the level of the European Union, but is this only a utopic vision or is this possible to achieve? The topic of clean energy is very new and of great interest for the European Union, which is shown by the fact that the European Commission recently adopted on the 30th November 2016 the package “Clean Energy for All Europeans”, which contains proposals for the modernization of the energy market at the level of the European Union. But which are the challenges such a project is confronted with? According to the literature, such challenges are related to the process of liberalization of electricity markets. Conflicts between national interest and international actors of the energy market might occur. Due to the oligopolistic structure of the energy market, there are several barriers to the market entry. In order to answer to the research questions, case studies regarding the liberalization of the energy market will be analyzed in a comparative manner, offering an international overview. Furthermore, the legal provisions on which the common energy policy of the European Union relies, will be analyzed, as well as their economic and social impact. The package “Clean Energy for All Europeans” comprises a proposal of the revised Renewable energy Directive, energy efficiency measures and issues related to the Energy Union Governance. It contains as well proposals for the electricity market design, which will be analyzed and the present paper outlines the contribution of this proposal in building a common energy market of the European Union. What role does competition play in implementing the common energy market of the European Union? Which role do competition authorities have in this context? These are interesting aspects to be analyzed in the present paper.

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Baranova, Polina, Fred Paterson, and Bruno Gallotta. "Configuration of enterprise support towards the clean growth challenge: A place-based perspective." Local Economy: The Journal of the Local Economy Policy Unit 35, no. 4 (June 2020): 363–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269094220956509.

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Although clean growth has been identified as one of the grand challenges of the UK Industrial Strategy, public policy paid little attention to the configuration of business support towards enhancing clean growth potential of small and medium-sized enterprises. The dominant approach of policymakers to the design of enterprise support interventions appears to be ‘place-blind’ and downplays the challenges that small and medium-sized enterprises face in engaging with the clean growth policy agenda. Based on a mixed methods methodology, involving a survey of 306 businesses, a range of public engagement exercises and an extensive interview schedule, the study explores small and medium-sized enterprises engagement with the clean growth challenge and associated business support mechanisms. We conceptualise the nexus of place–policy–practice as a way of framing policymaking approach in addressing the challenge. As part of the clean growth policy implementation, business support mechanisms need to move beyond a singular focus on energy efficiency and shift towards a holistic approach to capacity building for sustainable development. Small business needs to project a district voice in the definition of place in the local industrial strategies and have access to enterprise support which is place-based, policy-informed and practice-relevant.

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Todd, Kevin. "The Dormant Commerce Clause and State Clean Energy Legislation." Michigan Journal of Environmental & Administrative Law, no. 9.1 (2020): 189. http://dx.doi.org/10.36640/mjeal.9.1.dormant.

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This Note analyzes recent litigation concerning the constitutionality of state renewable portfolio standards (RPSs) and similar environmental legislation designed to promote clean energy. It begins with a discussion of the current state of both federal and state responses to climate change. From there, it analyzes several legal challenges to state RPSs and other climate-related laws that focus on potential violations of the dormant Commerce Clause. It concludes with a brief exploration of how these cases fit the history and purpose of the dormant Commerce Clause. The Note argues that a narrow view of the doctrine is consistent with the purpose of the dormant Commerce Clause, will reaffirm principles of federalism, will enable state innovation in the renewable energy field, and will make a positive contribution to efforts to mitigate climate change. By structuring statutes so as to draw a court’s attention to the ways in which their legislation fits within the purpose of the dormant Commerce Clause, states can give themselves more space to take aggressive action to promote clean energy and reduce the impacts of climate change.

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Tagotra, Niharika. "The Political Economy of Renewable Energy: Prospects and Challenges for the Renewable Energy Sector in India Post-Paris Negotiations." India Quarterly: A Journal of International Affairs 73, no. 1 (March 2017): 99–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0974928416686584.

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The global emphasis on reduction in carbon footprint has brought the issue of clean energy back into focus. There are two most notable aspects of the debate. The first aspect concerns the tension it has generated globally between the green energy industry and the traditional energy industries while the second aspect of the debate concerns the developing countries, which lack the necessary infrastructure and technology to make the transition to clean energy. This transition amounts to a remarkable shift in the socio-economic paradigms of developing nations like India which have a largely carbon-based economy. In this article, we study the global transition to clean energy using the political economy framework, wherein we analyse the role played by international regimes, national governments and energy companies in facilitating or inhibiting this transition. We also try and ponder over the impact this transition has on emerging economies like India and how they seek to cope with this while resolving the tension between economic growth and sustainability.

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Veers, Paul, Katherine Dykes, Eric Lantz, Stephan Barth, Carlo L. Bottasso, Ola Carlson, Andrew Clifton, et al. "Grand challenges in the science of wind energy." Science 366, no. 6464 (October 10, 2019): eaau2027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aau2027.

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Harvested by advanced technical systems honed over decades of research and development, wind energy has become a mainstream energy resource. However, continued innovation is needed to realize the potential of wind to serve the global demand for clean energy. Here, we outline three interdependent, cross-disciplinary grand challenges underpinning this research endeavor. The first is the need for a deeper understanding of the physics of atmospheric flow in the critical zone of plant operation. The second involves science and engineering of the largest dynamic, rotating machines in the world. The third encompasses optimization and control of fleets of wind plants working synergistically within the electricity grid. Addressing these challenges could enable wind power to provide as much as half of our global electricity needs and perhaps beyond.

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Walsh, F. C. "Electrochemical technology for environmental treatment and clean energy conversion." Pure and Applied Chemistry 73, no. 12 (January 1, 2001): 1819–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200173121819.

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The applications of electrochemical technology in environmental treatment, materials recycling, and clean synthesis are briefly reviewed. The diversity of these applications is shown by the number of industrial sectors involved. The scale of operation ranges from microelectrodes to large industrial cell rooms. The features of electrochemical processes are summarized. Available and developing electrode designs are considered and illustrated by examples including the regeneration of chromic acid electroplating baths, metal ion removal by porous, 3-dimensional cathodes, rotating cylinder electrodes (RCEs), and a reticulated vitreous carbon (RVC) RCE. The use of performance indicators based on mass transport, electrode area, and power consumption is emphasized. Electrochemical reactors for energy conversion are considered, with an emphasis on load-leveling and proton-exchange membrane (PEM) (hydrogenoxygen) fuel cells. Ion-exchange membranes play an essential role in such reactors, and the variation of electrical resistance vs. membrane thickness is described for a series of extruded, Nafion® 1100 EW materials. The characterization of high-surface-area, platinized Nafion surfaces is also considered. The development of modular, filter-press cells as redox flow cells in electrical load-leveling applications is concisely described. Trends in electrode, membrane, and reactor design are highlighted, and the challenges for the development of improved reactors for environmental treatment are noted.

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Jayakumar, T. "Advances in Welding and Associated Inspection Technologies to Overcome Challenges in Clean Energy Sectors." Indian Welding Journal 46, no. 2 (April 1, 2013): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.22486/iwj.v46i2.177959.

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Starr, F., and C. Cormos. "Materials challenges and gasifier choices in IGCC processes for clean and efficient energy conversion." Materials Research Innovations 15, no. 6 (November 2011): 428–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/143307511x13189528030870.

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GARYYANG, Z., K. SCOTTWEIL, M. BRADY, and Y. SOHN. "Advanced materials for applications in clean power systems: Status and challenges." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 33, no. 14 (July 2008): 3893. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2008.06.001.

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Nakanwagi, Susan, and Ayebare Tom Rukundo. "Covid-19 Pandemic Deranging Energy Transition in Uganda: Challenges and Prospects." Global Energy Law and Sustainability 1, no. 2 (August 2020): 211–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/gels.2020.0030.

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The coronavirus (Covid-19) global pandemic of 2020 is alarming for economic growth and development. Several sectors in the world have experienced shocks, and the energy industry has intensely suffered as characterised by the massive drop in petroleum prices. Only a pick-up in global oil demand would overcome the oil crisis after the lifting of comprehensive lockdown measures and the economic revamp. During this period, environmental advocates are pressing for the transition from traditional fuel sources like coal and oil to renewable energy sources. Moreover, clean energy projects are more likely to be impacted by the pandemic because of the effect on foreign exchange and the global economy. The energy transition has also faced other major setbacks by the Covid-19 crisis. Globally, many policies related to climate and energy, such as the carbon trading scheme of the European Union (EU) have been shelved or postponed. This article thus explores the Covid-19 impact on the global economies with a focus on Uganda which is yet to start actual petroleum production and how they face challenges in adapting to the energy transition movement. The governments are encouraged to realign policies and also extend Covid-19 fiscal recovery packages to cover clean energy investments.

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Chatzisymeon, Efthalia. "Application of Biological and Chemical Processes to Wastewater Treatment." Water 13, no. 13 (June 28, 2021): 1781. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13131781.

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Existing wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) face huge challenges that can impede the achievement of sustainable development goals for clean water and sanitation (SDG 6) and clean energy (SDG 7), amongst others [...]

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Willems, Bert, and Juulia Zhou. "The Clean Energy Package and Demand Response: Setting Correct Incentives." Energies 13, no. 21 (October 29, 2020): 5672. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13215672.

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We describe how recent EU regulation affects demand response (DR) and highlight some of the remaining regulatory challenges from a legal and economic viewpoint. With the Clean Energy Package (CEP), the EU has opted for a fully market-based, consumer-centered approach for DR. The development of business models and products is left to a large extent to market forces. However, to enable the efficient development of those DR markets, network regulation has to adapt. (1) Network tariffs have to become more cost-reflective to provide correct incentives to market participants. The capacity tariffs have to increase, net-metering should be abolished, and optional tariff components for providing flexibility may need to be considered. (2) The regulation for distribution system operators (DSOs) may need to be fine-tuned to reflect their new roles. We present three scenarios: (a) a horizontal merger of unbundled DSOs under incentive regulation, (b) a DSO as a subsidiary of an integrated utility under cost plus regulation, (c) a transfer of some activities from DSO to TSO.

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Zeng, Dan, Ruosong Li, Ting Yan, and Tao Fang. "Perspectives and advances of microalgal biodiesel production with supercritical fluid technology." RSC Adv. 4, no. 75 (2014): 39771–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra05766j.

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Hu, Chuangang, Ying Xiao, Yuqin Zou, and Liming Dai. "Carbon-Based Metal-Free Electrocatalysis for Energy Conversion, Energy Storage, and Environmental Protection." Electrochemical Energy Reviews 1, no. 1 (March 2018): 84–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41918-018-0003-2.

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Abstract Carbon-based metal-free catalysts possess desirable properties such as high earth abundance, low cost, high electrical conductivity, structural tunability, good selectivity, strong stability in acidic/alkaline conditions, and environmental friendliness. Because of these properties, these catalysts have recently received increasing attention in energy and environmental applications. Subsequently, various carbon-based electrocatalysts have been developed to replace noble metal catalysts for low-cost renewable generation and storage of clean energy and environmental protection through metal-free electrocatalysis. This article provides an up-to-date review of this rapidly developing field by critically assessing recent advances in the mechanistic understanding, structure design, and material/device fabrication of metal-free carbon-based electrocatalysts for clean energy conversion/storage and environmental protection, along with discussions on current challenges and perspectives. Graphical Abstract

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Hanan Nugroho. "Which Pathways Should Indonesia Follow to Achieve Its Energy Development Goals into the Future?" Journal of Indonesia Sustainable Development Planning 2, no. 1 (April 28, 2021): 108–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.46456/jisdep.v2i1.118.

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Indonesia has developed a plan for its energy sector far into the future, however, the plan might be challenged by several international agreements that the country ratifies. The UN Report suggests several pathways for Indonesia to achieve the SDGs’ goal number 7 (affordable and clean energy). It challenges the current plan for expanding city gas networks, instead, it offers extensive uses of the electric cooking stove. It recommends that Indonesia accelerates its energy conservation efforts and reduce its energy sector’s greenhouse gasses emission by a figure which is higher than the original target. Besides, Indonesia should develop no more new coal-fired power plants and should continue to remove fossil fuel subsidies and encourage the issuance of green financing. This paper supports but also challenges the report by several arguments based on the country’s energy-economy-environment problems.

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Franco, Alessandro, and Ana R. Diaz. "The future challenges for “clean coal technologies”: Joining efficiency increase and pollutant emission control." Energy 34, no. 3 (March 2009): 348–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2008.09.012.

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Kwong, D. L., X. Li, Y. Sun, G. Ramanathan, Z. X. Chen, S. M. Wong, Y. Li, et al. "Vertical Silicon Nanowire Platform for Low Power Electronics and Clean Energy Applications." Journal of Nanotechnology 2012 (2012): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/492121.

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This paper reviews the progress of the vertical top-down nanowire technology platform developed to explore novel device architectures and integration schemes for green electronics and clean energy applications. Under electronics domain, besides having ultimate scaling potential, the vertical wire offers (1) CMOS circuits with much smaller foot print as compared to planar transistor at the same technology node, (2) a natural platform for tunneling FETs, and (3) a route to fabricate stacked nonvolatile memory cells. Under clean energy harvesting area, vertical wires could provide (1) cost reduction in photovoltaic energy conversion through enhanced light trapping and (2) a fully CMOS compatible thermoelectric engine converting waste-heat into electricity. In addition to progress review, we discuss the challenges and future prospects with vertical nanowires platform.

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Tamirat, Andebet Gedamu, John Rick, Amare Aregahegn Dubale, Wei-Nien Su, and Bing-Joe Hwang. "Using hematite for photoelectrochemical water splitting: a review of current progress and challenges." Nanoscale Horizons 1, no. 4 (2016): 243–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5nh00098j.

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LU, Ding, and Jing WAN. "China's War on Smog: Measures and Challenges." East Asian Policy 07, no. 02 (April 2015): 39–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793930515000173.

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China has taken a series of proactive measures to prevent and control air pollution. The Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan (2013) includes main policy initiatives to improve national and regional air quality. Fiscal reforms are needed to fund clean-air technology and incentivise firms and households to reduce pollution and economise energy use. The War on Smog requires high-level coordination of governments at different levels and various local jurisdictions.

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Hocking, Rosalie K., Shery L. Y. Chang, Douglas R. MacFarlane, and Leone Spiccia. "Preparation and Characterization of Catalysts for Clean Energy: A Challenge for X-rays and Electrons." Australian Journal of Chemistry 65, no. 6 (2012): 608. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch12016.

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One of the most promising approaches to addressing the challenges of securing cheap and renewable energy sources is to design catalysts from earth abundant materials capable of promoting key chemical reactions including splitting water into hydrogen and oxygen (2H2O → 2H2 + O2) as well as both the oxidation (H2 → 2H+) and reduction (2H+ → H2) of hydrogen. Key to elucidating the origin of catalytic activity and improving catalyst design is determining molecular-level structure, in both the ‘resting state’ and in the functioning ‘active state’ of the catalysts. Herein, we explore some of the analytical challenges important for designing and studying new catalytic materials for making and using hydrogen. We discuss a case study that used the combined approach of X-ray absorption spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy to understand the fate of the molecular cluster, [Mn4O4L6]+, in Nafion.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Clean energy challenges'

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