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1

Ngwakwe, Collins C. "The Effect of Clean Energy Financial Investment on Carbon Reduction." Oblik i finansi, no. 1(103) (2024): 49–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.33146/2307-9878-2024-1(103)-49-53.

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Accounting and finance are intricately intertwined with the global quest for environmental sustainability by applying accounting and finance tools for carbon reduction initiatives. Clean energy financial investment is one of the many alternative tools through which accounting contributes to carbon reduction. Accordingly, this paper analysed the impact of separate and integrated clean energy investment alternatives on carbon reduction. Data on clean energy financial investment and carbon emission per capita were collected from the International Energy Agency (IEA) and Our World in Data archives, respectively. Data was analysed by using multiple pooled OLS to evaluate the impact of individual clean energy financial investments on carbon reduction and the impact of integrating the various clean energy financial investment alternatives on carbon reduction separately. Findings show that individual clean energy financial investments may not separately offer desired carbon reduction, hence, albeit some negative coefficients, individual clean investments showed no significant impact on carbon reduction. However, furthering the test by pooling all the clean energy financial investment alternatives shows a significant negative effect of clean energy financial investment on carbon reduction at a P-value of 0.05. This shows that an integration of different alternatives of clean energy financial investment may offer an enhanced reduction of carbon emission, which outweighs the effect of relying on a single clean energy investment alternative. The findings offer significant insight for policy makers’ future strategies towards a combination of multiple clean energy financial investments. Furthermore, the findings from this paper are a further testament that accounting and finance are connected with the global quest for environmental sustainability through the application of accounting and financial investment tools in conducting clean energy financial investment.
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2

Paolillo, William, Benjamin Cross, Charles Zelek, Donald Wingate, and Adam Berkebile. "Clean innovation ecosystems: Lifting distressed communities in Appalachia with clean energy." F1000Research 13 (July 17, 2024): 808. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.150557.1.

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The U.S. government has invested in distressed communities in the 21st century but with minimal effect. Regarding income, poverty, joblessness, and vacancy rates, the average distressed zip code in 2018 showed no improvement compared to its standing relative to the average prosperous zip code in 2000. We have discovered the formation of unique business clusters funded by public-private partnerships have the potential to make a difference in lifting distressed communities. Our research of literature and artifacts (photographs, videos, documents, digital media - websites or social media posts) suggests the discovery of a Clean Innovation Ecosystem (CIE). CIE refers to the network of social entrepreneurs, organizations, institutions, and individuals that work together to promote sustainable technologies and practices. As of the 4th quarter of 2023, manufacturing annual run rate construction spending has skyrocketed to over $200 billion. There are another $600 billion of Voltage Valley projects announced that have not yet been built. Over the past two decades, private investment has been between $20 billion and $100 billion annually in U.S. manufacturing infrastructure. Governments are making unprecedented investments in clean energy - which include approximately $400 billion in funding from the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA), $8 billion to establish 6–10 regional Hydrogen Hubs in the U.S., investments in carbon capture, renewable energy technologies, and other investments in clean energy sectors and technologies. All these investments come with the condition that the investment lifts distressed communities. This article explains why investing in Appalachia and geographic regions with similar characteristics will maximize the social benefit of public investment in a Clean Innovation Ecosystem. Our case study covers the Greater Central Appalachian Voltage Valley (GCAVV) – the states of Kentucky, West Virginia, Ohio, Upstate New York, and Michigan, as well as the Central Appalachian region as defined by 56 of the 85 distressed communities of Appalachia.
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3

Preston, John T., and Bryan L. Martel. "Investment Opportunities in Clean Energy." CFA Institute Conference Proceedings Quarterly 25, no. 1 (March 2008): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2469/cp.v25.n1.3.

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4

Ma, Chao. "DEA Model Construction and Investment Efficiency Analysis of Overseas Electric Power Market in Clean Energy." E3S Web of Conferences 267 (2021): 01008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126701008.

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The paper aims to further explore the current situation of Chinese investment in overseas clean energy and analyze the development of the power industry in the field of clean energy. The paper elaborates the present development status of clean energy based on the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) model and investment efficiency theories, analyzing the potential risks taken by China’s electric power industry from the investment in overseas clean energy and calculating the power enterprises’ investment efficiency. The results reveal that China’s overseas investment in clean energy has developed rapidly. However, from 2016 to 2017, due to the accelerated investment in clean energy, the comprehensive investment efficiency of clean energy has dropped significantly, to 79.1% and 78.7%, respectively. Subsequently, the comprehensive investment efficiency increased significantly, reaching 80.4% in 2019. Between 2015 and 2019, effective investment in clean energy has reached the highest, 32% in 2015, while there are more ineffective investments in 2016. After 2017, the proportion of power enterprises’ investment in clean energy has increased significantly, accounting for 32% in 2019. In future development, the proportion of investment in this field will continue to rise. Hence, clean energy boasts good development prospects.
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5

Bumpus, A., and S. Comello. "Emerging clean energy technology investment trends." Nature Climate Change 7, no. 6 (May 31, 2017): 382–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nclimate3306.

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6

Kirkpatrick, A. Justin, and Lori S. Bennear. "Promoting clean energy investment: An empirical analysis of property assessed clean energy." Journal of Environmental Economics and Management 68, no. 2 (September 2014): 357–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2014.05.001.

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7

Azarova, Ekaterina, and Hannah Jun. "Investigating Determinants of International Clean Energy Investments in Emerging Markets." Sustainability 13, no. 21 (October 26, 2021): 11843. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132111843.

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Although renewable energy investments in developing and emerging economies play a crucial role in accelerating the clean energy transition, investments remain limited. Building on previous research, this study takes a unique approach by analyzing determinants of clean energy investments from investors from one country, the United States, which represents the largest single source of investments. Based on panel data sourced from Bloomberg New Energy Finance (BNEF)’s Climatescope, we analyzed renewable energy investments by investors from the United States between 2008 and 2019. The analysis included four factors (i.e., economic, socio-environmental, political, and proactivity) and covered 61 emerging/developing countries. Our results suggest that the most significant factor that determines renewable energy investment by investors from the United States is commercial ties between the investing and recipient country. Our findings also demonstrate the importance of a strong legal system and clean energy promotion mechanisms, such as feed-in tariffs, in recipient countries. When breaking down investment flows, the effects of different economic factors may vary, depending on whether the renewable technology is solar or wind, which further highlights the importance of understanding determinants of renewable energy investments.
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8

Knight, Eric. "The Economic Geography of Financing Clean Energy Technologies." Competition & Change 16, no. 2 (April 2012): 77–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/1024529412z.0000000009.

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This article seeks to describe the geography of clean tech investment which has emerged in recent years in the USA and the UK. An empirical approach was used, relying on close-dialogue interviews with senior investment managers in both markets. The article draws three conclusions. First, clean tech investment is often strongly influenced by physical geography, particularly in the area of renewable energy technologies. Second, regulatory settings play a strong role in the flow of investment. Third, capital flows unevenly between the different stages of technological maturity in clean energy products — a phenomenon which has been described as the ‘valley of death’ financing gap.
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9

Olaniyi, Eunice O., Sina Atari, and Gunnar Prause. "Maritime Energy Contracting for Clean Shipping." Transport and Telecommunication Journal 19, no. 1 (March 1, 2018): 31–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ttj-2018-0004.

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Abstract To reduce the Sulphur emission from shipping and ensure clean shipping, a number of Sulphur Emission Control Areas (SECA) were enforced in special areas around the globe. From 2015, in SECA, ship owners are not allowed to use fuel with more than 0.1% Sulphur content. One of the major concerns for the SECA regulation is that maritime stakeholders have had to take into consideration the costs as well as the tolerable risks of their compliance investment options. Besides that, low freight rates have increased the competition and had caused financial pressure on ship owners so that lower capital reserves and low credibility levels limit the manoeuvring space for investment activities. The indications from BSR after 2015 showed that the low fuel price has eased the economic effects of the SECA regulation and as a result, most ship owners have delayed their investment decisions. Even though the postponement of emission abatement techniques seems to have reduced the compliance expenses for SECA, they, however, did not improve the position of shipowners relative to their competitors. Consequently, new policy instruments to stimulate innovation, to raise competitiveness and to comply with the new environmental regulations are needed. It would have been easier to hedge fuel price volatility and offer maritime logistics services for a lower price, but to be able to ensure sustainable results in long-term, maritime stakeholders must be ready to device astute strategies that can propel them to unparalleled advantage. This research first appraised the investment risks and payback period associated with the scrubber using different capital budgeting methods. It further illustrated the Maritime Energy Contracting (MEC) model as a market mechanism for the delivery of a cost-effective emission reduction using the scrubber technology as well as an instrument to realise a competitive advantage for ship operators. The results are empirically validated by case studies from BSR.
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10

Daim, Tugrul, Gulgun Kayakutlu, Yulianto Suharto, and Yagmur Bayram. "Clean energy investment scenarios using the Bayesian network." International Journal of Sustainable Energy 33, no. 2 (November 27, 2012): 400–415. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14786451.2012.744311.

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11

Zavodov, Kirill. "Renewable energy investment and the clean development mechanism." Energy Policy 40 (January 2012): 81–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2010.06.065.

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12

Prokofyev, V. А. "Global Tendencies of Clean Energy Development." Asia and Africa today, no. 2 (December 15, 2024): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s032150750028216-9.

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The article is devoted to identifying long-term (2011–2021) tendencies of the world energy development. “Clean” energy provides long-term sources of energy with low carbon emissions, which encourages countries to expand the use of these sources of energy. The study identified three tendencies. Firstly, the share of hydrocarbons in energy consumption (oil and refined products, coal, natural gas) is decreasing. Fossil fuels are being replaced by low-carbon alternatives; secondly, investment in new renewable energy capacity is increasing to fulfill the climate commitments and achieve the goals of greenhouse gas emitting countries; Finally, there is growing demand for “clean” sources from China and South Asia. The problem of concentrated investment in renewable energy sources in developed countries and China aggravates the problem of access to energy sources by developing countries. The use of technologies that promote development of “clean” energy sources is expanding. There are spot markets, auctions and tenders, CCS technologies, nuclear and hydrogen energy, and corporate agreements.
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13

Dias, Rui Manuel, Mariana Chambino, Nuno Teixeira, Paulo Alexandre, and Paula Heliodoro. "Balancing Portfolios with Metals: A Safe Haven for Green Energy Investors?" Energies 16, no. 20 (October 22, 2023): 7197. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16207197.

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This study investigates the relationship between energy metals and precious metals to assess their suitability as safe haven assets in clean energy investment portfolios. This study aims to conduct an effect analysis of the events that occurred during the years 2020 and 2022, characterized by substantial investments in the field of clean energy. The analysed period encompasses the period from 13 July 2018 to 11 July 2023. The study is carried out in multiple stages with the aim of investigating a highly tumultuous period in the global economy. To assess long-term relationships, the econometric methodology proposed by Gregory and Hansen will be employed. The research shows a positive association between energy metals (excluding nickel futures) and clean energy indexes, suggesting their potential as secure investments for green investors diversifying their portfolios. Additionally, the study confirms the reliability of precious metals, such as gold, silver, and platinum as safe havens for clean energy stock indexes. These findings highlight the stability that both energy and precious metals can offer within clean energy portfolios during market volatility, emphasizing their value in such investment strategies. In brief, this study affirms that energy and precious metals are invaluable pillars in the structure of clean energy portfolios, offering unwavering support during market turbulence.
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14

Burian, Martin, and Christof Arens. "The clean development mechanism." International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management 6, no. 2 (May 13, 2014): 166–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijccsm-03-2013-0033.

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Purpose – Since the registration of the first clean development mechanism (CDM) project in 2004, the CDM has seen a dynamic expansion: the CDM pipeline currently comprises 6,725 projects generating 2.73 billion certified emission reductions (CERs) up to 2012. These CERs result in a substantial financial flow from Annex I to Non-Annex I countries. But CDM projects also result in investments in low carbon technologies, a substantial share of which is focused on the energy sector. The total installed capacity of all CDM projects amounts to 288,944 MW. However, the CDM is not widely taken up in Africa. This holds true for Africa's share in the CDM project pipeline (2.62 per cent), for Africa's share in CERs generated up to 2012 (3.58 per cent) and for the normalized CERs per capita, per country. Two hypothesizes are commonly discussed: first, the continent features low per capita emissions and low abatement potentials. Second, African countries may be hampered by weak institutional frameworks. This article reviews both hypotheses and presents new empirical data. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – Investigating the greenhouse gas (GHS) abatement potential of 16 energy-related sectors for 11 selected least developed countries in sub-Saharan Africa shows a total theoretical CDM potential of 128.6 million CERs per year. Analyzing investment indicators confirms that most countries are impeded by below average investment conditions. Findings – It is concluded that Africa offers a considerable range of substantial abatement potentials. However, the weak institutional framework is limiting the uptake of the CDM in Africa. This is underpinned by an analysis which shows if a CDM sector has high investment cost, Africa will have a low share in the sector. If the sector has low investment needs per CER, Africa's share in the CDM sector will be bigger. Investment needs and Africa's share in the pipeline feature a negative correlation. Research limitations/implications – Supporting CDM development in Africa should not be constraint to technical assistance. It will be crucial to develop an integrated financing approach, comprising the CDM as a co-financing mechanism, to overcome the institutional challenges. Originality/value – Until today, there are few empirical studies that use concrete criteria and indicators to show why the CDM is underrepresented in Africa. The work presented here contributes to filling this gap.
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15

Roeben, Volker, and Rafael Emmanuel Macatangay. "Bluer Than Blue: Exit from Policy Support for Clean Marine Energy." Sustainability 15, no. 19 (October 9, 2023): 14629. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su151914629.

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The amendment or removal of superfluous government support policies is typically difficult, yet in the ever more important debate on low-carbon (i.e., clean) marine energy policy under the international law of climate action, the law of the sea, and international investment protection, there are additional dimensions of legal or economic peril. Coastal states enact policies subsidising clean energy investments, such as offshore wind energy generation, in their exclusive economic zones or continental shelves. Investors are attracted to the prospect that policies granting subsidies for ostensibly new industries are sufficiently durable. Are such subsidy policies salient or stale? In principle, the purpose of regulatory policy is the promotion of social welfare, and hence, there is an optimal incidence, magnitude, and duration of the subsidy, in essence, an ideal strategy for starting, altering, or exiting such policy. We aim to introduce the concept of optimisation to the design and implementation of regulatory policy in this context. Our contribution is to offer three maxims of optimal clean marine energy law and policy: the efficiency and equity of alternative regulatory arrangements; the continuous optimisation of such arrangements; and the recognition of linguistic entanglements in the law. We test these maxims against the case of clean marine energy policy on offshore wind energy generation. One legal implication for international investment protection is that coastal states should establish a policy exit clause in their investment contracts. Our analysis of policy optimisation is generalisable across policies supporting the transition to sustainable energy forms.
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16

Omirtay, A., and A. Ongdash. "Financing environmental clean and renewable energy sources for sustainable development." ECONOMIC SERIES OF THE BULLETIN OF THE L.N. GUMILYOV ENU, no. 2 (2022): 209–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.32523/2789-4320-2022-2-209-220.

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One of the most dynamically developing sectors of the electric power industry is the production of electricity using renewable energy sources. An investor who intends to implement an investment project in the field of renewable energy will certainly be interested to know what benefits he has the right to believe in. The article examines the theoretical and practical aspects of investment activity in the field of renewable energy, analyzes the methods used for innovative financing of existing projects. Scientifically grounded proposals have been developed for the introduction and use of foreign experience of financing in the Republic of Kazakhstan. One of the leading areas of renewable energy is the construction of "green" bonds. The analysis of the state of renewable energy in Kazakhstan is carried out, the current problems and ways of their solution are identified, and the potential for its development is determined. On the example of developing countries, a number of measures are considered aimed at creating a favorable environment for the development of alternative energy sources, as well as attracting investments in renewable energy resources. The state strategy aimed at the development of renewable and other energy resources is considered.
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Andrijevic, Marina, Carl-Friedrich Schleussner, Matthew J. Gidden, David L. McCollum, and Joeri Rogelj. "COVID-19 recovery funds dwarf clean energy investment needs." Science 370, no. 6514 (October 15, 2020): 298–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abc9697.

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18

Marcus, Alfred Allen, Shmuel Ellis, and Joel Malen. "Conferring Legitimacy: Takeoff in Clean Energy Venture Capital Investment." Academy of Management Proceedings 2012, no. 1 (July 2012): 16439. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2012.16439abstract.

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Dias, Rui, Paulo Alexandre, Nuno Teixeira, and Mariana Chambino. "Clean Energy Stocks: Resilient Safe Havens in the Volatility of Dirty Cryptocurrencies." Energies 16, no. 13 (July 7, 2023): 5232. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16135232.

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Green investors have expressed concerns about the environment and sustainability due to the high energy consumption involved in cryptocurrency mining and transactions. This article investigates the safe haven characteristics of clean energy stock indexes in relation to three cryptocurrencies, taking into account their respective levels of “dirty” energy consumption from 16 May 2018 to 15 May 2023. The purpose is to determine whether the eventual increase in correlation resulting from the events of 2020 and 2022 leads to volatility spillovers between clean energy indexes and cryptocurrencies categorized as “dirty” due to their energy-intensive mining and transaction procedures. The level of integration between clean energy stock indexes and cryptocurrencies will be inferred by using Gregory and Hansen’s methodology. Furthermore, to assess the presence of a volatility spillover effect between clean energy stock indexes and “dirty-classified” cryptocurrencies, the t-test of the heteroscedasticity of two samples from Forbes and Rigobon will be employed. The empirical findings show that clean energy stock indexes may offer a viable safe haven for dirty energy cryptocurrencies. However, the precise associations differ depending on the cryptocurrency under examination. The implications of this study’s results are significant for investment strategies, and this knowledge can inform decision-making procedures and facilitate the adoption of sustainable investment practices. Investors and policy makers can gain a deeper understanding of the interplay between investments in renewable energy and the cryptocurrency market.
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Munachi Chikodili Ugwu and Adefolake Olachi Adewusi. "Impact of financial markets on clean energy investment: A comparative analysis of the United States and Nigeria." International Journal of Scholarly Research in Multidisciplinary Studies 4, no. 2 (April 30, 2024): 008–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.56781/ijsrms.2024.4.2.0029.

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This comparative analysis explores the impact of financial markets on clean energy investment in two distinct contexts: the United States and Nigeria. As the world increasingly seeks sustainable energy solutions to combat climate change, understanding the dynamics of financial markets and their influence on clean energy investment becomes crucial. Through a comparative lens, this study examines the differences and similarities in the financial landscapes of these two countries and evaluates how these factors shape investment patterns in clean energy. The United States represents a developed economy with well-established financial markets and robust investment infrastructure, while Nigeria serves as a case study of an emerging market grappling with developmental challenges and evolving financial systems. By analyzing data on investment flows, regulatory frameworks, and market conditions, this study aims to provide insights into the role of financial markets in driving or hindering clean energy investment. Factors such as access to capital, government policies, risk perception, and investor preferences will be examined to understand their impact on investment decisions in the clean energy sector. Additionally, the study will explore the role of international financing mechanisms and the influence of global trends on clean energy investment in both countries. By comparing the experiences of the United States and Nigeria, this research seeks to identify best practices and lessons learned that can inform policies aimed at promoting clean energy investment in diverse economic contexts. Ultimately, the findings of this study aim to contribute to the development of strategies that enhance the role of financial markets in accelerating the transition towards a sustainable energy future, while addressing the unique challenges and opportunities faced by different countries in this endeavor.
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Li, Mei, Gregory Trencher, and Jusen Asuka. "The clean energy claims of BP, Chevron, ExxonMobil and Shell: A mismatch between discourse, actions and investments." PLOS ONE 17, no. 2 (February 16, 2022): e0263596. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0263596.

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The energy products of oil and gas majors have contributed significantly to global greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) and planetary warming over the past century. Decarbonizing the global economy by mid-century to avoid dangerous climate change thus cannot occur without a profound transformation of their fossil fuel-based business models. Recently, several majors are increasingly discussing clean energy and climate change, pledging decarbonization strategies, and investing in alternative energies. Some even claim to be transforming into clean energy companies. Given a history of obstructive climate actions and “greenwashing”, there is a need to objectively evaluate current and historical decarbonization efforts and investment behavior. This study focuses on two American (Chevron, ExxonMobil) and two European majors (BP, Shell). Using data collected over 2009–2020, we comparatively examine the extent of decarbonization and clean energy transition activity from three perspectives: (1) keyword use in annual reports (discourse); (2) business strategies (pledges and actions); and (3) production, expenditures and earnings for fossil fuels along with investments in clean energy (investments). We found a strong increase in discourse related to “climate”, “low-carbon” and “transition”, especially by BP and Shell. Similarly, we observed increasing tendencies toward strategies related to decarbonization and clean energy. But these are dominated by pledges rather than concrete actions. Moreover, the financial analysis reveals a continuing business model dependence on fossil fuels along with insignificant and opaque spending on clean energy. We thus conclude that the transition to clean energy business models is not occurring, since the magnitude of investments and actions does not match discourse. Until actions and investment behavior are brought into alignment with discourse, accusations of greenwashing appear well-founded.
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Day, Min-Yuh, Yensen Ni, Chinning Hsu, and Paoyu Huang. "Do Investment Strategies Matter for Trading Global Clean Energy and Global Energy ETFs?" Energies 15, no. 9 (May 3, 2022): 3328. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15093328.

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Based on technological innovation and climate change, clean energy has been paid increasing attention to by worldwide investors, thereby increasing their interest in investing in firms that specialize in clean energy. However, traditional energy still plays an important role nowadays, because extreme weather has often occurred in the winters of recent years. We thus explore whether investing the strategies adopted by diverse technical trading rules would matter for investing in energy-related ETFs. By employing two representative global ETFs with more than 10 years of data, iShares Global Clean Energy ETF as the proxy of clean energy performance and iShares Global Energy ETF as that of traditional energy performance, we then revealed that momentum strategies would be proper for buying the green energy ETF, but contrarian strategies would be appropriate for buying the energy ETF. Furthermore, based on investment strategies adopted by diverse technical trading rules, we showed that the performance of clean energy outperforms that of energy, indicating that green energy does matter for the economy. Moreover, while observing the price trend of these two ETFs, we found that such two ETFs may have opposite share price performances, implying that, while the green energy ETF reached a relatively high price, investors following the contrarian strategies suggested in this study may reap profits by investing the energy ETF.
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In, Soh Young, Ashby H. B. Monk, and Janelle Knox-Hayes. "Financing Energy Innovation: The Need for New Intermediaries in Clean Energy." Sustainability 12, no. 24 (December 14, 2020): 10440. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su122410440.

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This study aims to advance the understanding of and address the valley of death that is significantly widening in the clean energy domain due to its financing challenges. We conduct a case study on three new investment vehicles in the US energy sector (First Look Fund by Activate, Prime Impact Fund by Prime Coalition, and Aligned Climate Capital), which set their missions to contribute to bridging the valley of death in clean energy. While three cases focus on different technological development phases, they raise a consistent point that investment opportunities (and risks) are not assigned to the appropriate investors. We argue that current financial intermediaries have failed to effectively channel funding sources to entrepreneurs, as we evidence network fragmentation and information asymmetries among investor groups and companies. Therefore, we propose three intermediary functions that can facilitate intelligent and effective information flow among investors throughout the entire energy technology development cycle. Our findings highlight the emergence of collaborative platforms as critical pillars to address financing issues among new energy ventures.
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Sugar, Katherine, and Janette Webb. "Value for Money: Local Authority Action on Clean Energy for Net Zero." Energies 15, no. 12 (June 15, 2022): 4359. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15124359.

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Local authorities are well placed to realise co-benefits of integrated local energy systems; however, in the UK they have no statutory energy mandate. Planning and developing clean energy are discretionary, and persistent budget reductions, combined with the lack of strategic direction from the UK government for more localised energy provision, limit local capacity, expertise and resources. Nevertheless, some local authorities have led energy initiatives but have been unable to stimulate investment at the pace and scale required to align with net zero greenhouse gas targets. Using evidence from such initiatives, this paper discusses the institutional changes needed to enable local authorities to act. It examines existing climate and local energy plans, and their integral socio-economic value. Using this evidence, investment opportunities from locally led net zero programmes are identified. EU technical assistance funds provided a particularly successful route to local energy developments: based on value of investment secured against initial funding, it is estimated that GBP 1 million technical assistance funding to every local authority would lead to GBP 15 billion investment in local energy. Other potential funding innovations are assessed and the paper concludes with recommendations for policy and resource measures needed to convert local ambition into clean energy and energy saving investment at scale.
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Jones, Aled W. "Perceived barriers and policy solutions in clean energy infrastructure investment." Journal of Cleaner Production 104 (October 2015): 297–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.05.072.

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Yekini, Suberu Mohammed, Mathurine Guiawa, Ikenna Augustine Onyegbadue, and Olowoniyi Funsho. "Clean and Sustainable Energy Revolution in Nigeria." African Journal of Environmental Sciences and Renewable Energy 15, no. 1 (June 28, 2024): 124–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.62154/8hna4y44.

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Ensuring greater and worldwide access to clean energy is a fundamental requirement for modern socio-economic development. This can be achieved through a robust expansion of research and development in energy sustainable energy technologies especially in developing countries. Moving towards upgrading clean and sustainable energy technologies can unlock the potential for increasing energy supply across the globe. Most developing countries like Nigeria are naturally endowed with many renewable energy resources that remain inadequately untapped. Renewable Energy (RE) also known as clean and alternative energy has been at the forefront of global energy discourse in the last few decades due to climate change. Despite the current global level of utilization of fossil fuels for power generation, Nigeria is still not among the countries with a balance in the level of energy supply and demand for the citizens. The country has so many isolated rural communities that are not connected to the national electric power system due to the challenge of economic constriction. However, the application of RE technologies for energy supply in rural communities could be a cost-effective alternative to the much-anticipated grid extension to rural communities by the energy stakeholders and planners in the country. Therefore, this study presents a synopsis of the opportunities and barriers to developing clean and sustainable technologies in Nigeria. Core problems affecting the smooth deployment of RE in the country were identified through a perceptive literature review in addition to relevant recommendations towards increasing investment in RE investment in the country.
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Cao, Hanqi, and Cindy Jiayin Zhang. "How Investments in Clean Energy Affect Job Creation in Canada Panel Data Analysis." Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences 92, no. 1 (June 20, 2024): 249–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2754-1169/92/20231298.

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Recent international efforts to foster global sustainability have underscored the pivotal role of renewable energy sources. However, significant transitions within industries, such as the energy sector, often entail challenges, including job displacement and the emergence of new opportunities. In light of these dynamics, this study proposes to examine the relationship between investment in renewable energy and employment levels across ten distinct Canadian provinces. To investigate this relationship comprehensively, we employ panel data analysis, encompassing both the fixed effects and random effects models. Our study aims to shed light on how investments in renewable energy influence employment figures across various job categories. Furthermore, we seek to contrast the shifts in employment patterns between low- and high-skilled workers resulting from such investments. The anticipated findings of this research will contribute to a deeper understanding of the intricate interplay between renewable energy investments and employment dynamics."
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Wang, Wen Sheng, Shao Dong Huang, and Jie Long Zou. "The Present Situation and Policy Suggestion of Clean Coal Technology in China." Advanced Materials Research 616-618 (December 2012): 1120–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.616-618.1120.

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In recent years, our clean coal technology made some breakthrough by means of introduction, digestion, and innovation. But compared with the developed countries, the use of clean coal technology in our country is not common for the unsound policies and standards, the lack of market mechanism, insufficient capital investment, decentralize of trade management and so on. We can effectively promote the development of clean coal technology, promote our country's energy consumption to transform extensive to intensive consumption and gradually realize a coordinated development between the energy, economy and environment by completing the relevant policies, laws and regulations of technology, finance, taxation, environmental protection, perfecting the independent innovations and technology admittance mechanism, increasing financial investment, encouraging private investment and setting up specialized standard managing and setting body of clean coal technology.
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Ghezelbash, Azam, Vahid Khaligh, Seyed Hamed Fahimifard, and J. Jay Liu. "A Comparative Perspective of the Effects of CO2 and Non-CO2 Greenhouse Gas Emissions on Global Solar, Wind, and Geothermal Energy Investment." Energies 16, no. 7 (March 26, 2023): 3025. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16073025.

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Greenhouse gas emissions, including carbon dioxide and non-CO2 gases, are mainly generated by human activities such as the burning of fossil fuels, deforestation, and agriculture. These emissions disrupt the natural balance of the global ecosystem and contribute to climate change. However, by investing in renewable energy, we can help mitigate these problems by reducing greenhouse gas emissions and promoting a more sustainable future. This research utilized a panel data model to explore the impact of carbon dioxide and non-CO2 greenhouse gas emissions on global investments in renewable energy. The study analyzed data from 63 countries over the period from 1990 to 2021. Firstly, the study established a relationship between greenhouse gas emissions and clean energy investments across all countries. The findings indicated that carbon dioxide had a positive effect on clean energy investments, while non-CO2 greenhouse gas emissions had a negative impact on all three types of clean energy investments. However, the impact of flood damage as a representative of climate change on renewable energy investment was uncertain. Secondly, the study employed panel data with random effects to examine the relationship between countries with lower or higher average carbon dioxide emissions and their investments in solar, wind, and geothermal energy. The results revealed that non-CO2 greenhouse gas emissions had a positive impact on investments only in wind power in less polluted countries. On the other hand, flood damage and carbon dioxide emissions were the primary deciding factors for investments in each type of clean energy in more polluted countries.
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30

Guo, Dingkun. "Investment and Analysis of China's New Energy Industry Chain." Highlights in Business, Economics and Management 24 (January 22, 2024): 1382–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/3q92xq18.

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The aim of this paper is to provide an intricate analysis of investment prospects within China's emerging clean energy sector using the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM). Initially, the paper delves into the background, objective, and current state of China's clean energy industry. It then offers a comprehensive explanation of the CAPM model, elucidating its theoretical foundation and underlying assumptions. Key concepts such as the risk-free rate, beta coefficient, and market risk premium are clarified. In subsequent sections, the paper describes the data collection methods employed by the research institute and justifies the selection of sample companies.Moving on to the results section, the paper presents an evaluation of investment prospects by utilizing the beta coefficient as a pivotal determinant. The analysis takes into consideration pertinent factors like performance, growth potential, and financial stability, empowering investors to make well-informed decisions. Building upon the research findings, the paper concludes by providing comprehensive insights and recommendations for investment in China's clean energy sector. Furthermore, the paper substantiates its conclusions by citing relevant references, thereby establishing the credibility and validity of the findings.Ultimately, this study enhances our understanding and assessment of the investment potential within China's clean energy industry. By promoting sustainable development within this sector, this research contributes to China's broader objective of attaining long-term environmental and economic sustainability.
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Liu, Mingyi, Bin Zhang, Jiaqi Wang, Han Liu, Jianxing Wang, Chenghao Liu, Jiahui Zhao, Yue Sun, Rongrong Zhai, and Yong Zhu. "Optimal Configuration of Wind-PV and Energy Storage in Large Clean Energy Bases." Sustainability 15, no. 17 (August 25, 2023): 12895. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su151712895.

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The installed capacity of energy storage in China has increased dramatically due to the national power system reform and the integration of large scale renewable energy with other sources. To support the construction of large-scale energy bases and optimizes the performance of thermal power plants, the research on the corporation mode between energy storage and thermal energy, including the optimization of energy-storage capacity and its operation in large-scale clean energy bases. In this paper, a large-scale clean energy base system is modeled with EBSILON and a capacity calculation method is established by minimizing the investment cost and energy storage capacity of the power system and constraints such as power balance, SOC, and power fluctuations. The research proposed a method of using coupled system of thermal energy storage systems primarily based on molten salt thermal storage and thermal power generation for rough modulation and using battery energy storage system for fine modulation tasks. Example of fine modulation includes frequency modulation and heating demand of the district, which significantly reduces the energy storage investment by more than 95%. A case study of a 10 MW clean energy base is conducted. The result shows that the overall pre-tax internal rate of return of the base project is 8%, which has good economic benefits.
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32

Shun, Rao. "The influence of rural building energy saving design on clean energy heating in winter." Thermal Science 25, no. 4 Part B (2021): 3103–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci2104103s.

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Taking a typical rural building as an example, the paper compares various factors that affect the heat load of the building, studies related literature and the living habits of rural residents, and suggests that the calculated temperature of the heating room in rural residential buildings in cold areas in winter is 14~17?C. Analyze and compare the initial investment and the investment pay-back period after the thermal insulation measures are adopted for each envelope structure. With the dual goals of energy conservation and economy, it is recommended that rural households with different economic conditions adopt different thermal insulation measures to provide clean heating in rural areas in the cold north. Provide strong technical guidance for energy conservation and emission reduction.
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Zhang, Zengqiang, Ming Gao, Gaoshan Fu, Yelin Xu, and Chaoshan Xin. "Feasibility analysis of clean energy power generation and heating project under BOO mode." E3S Web of Conferences 194 (2020): 02022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202019402022.

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Clean energy for power generation and heating is an important route for clean energy consumption in the northern regions with abundant wind and solar resources. However, in the promotion of clean heating projects, there are problems such as high investment costs and high pressure from government financial subsidies. Therefore, it is urgent to explore new economically feasible business models suitable for clean energy power generation and heating. This paper first proposes a new business model of clean energy power generation and heating under the BOO operation mode of the PPP business model. Secondly, from the perspective of investment value, the net present value method is used to analyze the economic benefits of the project, and the cash flow of the clean energy power generation and heating project is analyzed. Finally, combined with actual cases in a certain area in Xinjiang, the net present value method is used to analyze the calculation examples, verify the economic feasibility of the proposed business model, and provide guidance for the further promotion of clean energy power generation and heating projects.
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34

Dębicka, Anna, Karolina Olejniczak, Bartosz Radomski, Dariusz Kurz, and Dawid Poddubiecki. "Renewable Energy Investments in Poland: Goals, Socio-Economic Benefits, and Development Directions." Energies 17, no. 10 (May 15, 2024): 2374. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17102374.

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Renewable energy sources (RES) will play a key role in the transition to clean energy. Financial and socio-economic benefits determine the investment management in these energy sources. This article aims to indicate current energy policy goals, present socio-economic benefits resulting from renewable energy investments, and review further development directions in Poland. The research was carried out using desk research, case studies, and literature review methods to provide a broader economic context for RES investments. The scope of the research included both the Polish and the European Union contexts. The authors examined the Polish objectives of investment in renewable energy contained in strategic, planning, and other legal documents compared to EU targets, reviewed possible investments in renewable energy, and indicated wind farms and photovoltaic investments as the most effective ones from the point of view of further development which aims to meet the EU’s goals by 2030. The authors also demonstrated a wide range of socio-economic benefits based on literature reviews, analysis of policy documents, and regulations regarding the energy sector, and examined a specific example of investment implementation and identified the ecosystem of beneficiaries and their benefits.
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Raghutla, Chandrashekar, Muhammad Shahbaz, Krishna Reddy Chittedi, and Zhilun Jiao. "Financing clean energy projects: New empirical evidence from major investment countries." Renewable Energy 169 (May 2021): 231–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2021.01.019.

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36

Hilmarsson, Hilmar Þór. "Clean energy, climate change and the global cross border investment regime." Applied Economics: Systematic Research 12, no. 2 (2018): 61–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.7220/aesr.2335.8742.2018.12.2.4.

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37

Buntaine, Mark T., and William A. Pizer. "Encouraging clean energy investment in developing countries: what role for aid?" Climate Policy 15, no. 5 (October 16, 2014): 543–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14693062.2014.953903.

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38

Koulouri, Anastasia, and Nikolai Mouraviev. "Governance of the clean energy sector in Kazakhstan: impediments to investment." International Journal of Technology Intelligence and Planning 12, no. 1 (2018): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijtip.2018.094413.

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39

Mouraviev, Nikolai, and Anastasia Koulouri. "Governance of the clean energy sector in Kazakhstan: impediments to investment." International Journal of Technology Intelligence and Planning 12, no. 1 (2018): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijtip.2018.10015618.

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40

Sabbaghi, Asghar, and Drew Ritter. "Financial Leverage in Renewable Energy and its Future Investment." Journal of Finance Issues 21, no. 1 (June 30, 2023): 79–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.58886/jfi.v21i1.4822.

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This study will examine the impact of financial leverage on renewable energy sector and the factors that influence leverage, as well as the new risks, in today's global environment. We will develop a number of analytical models to analyze the trends and risk factors in renewable energy sector when compared with SPX Index. We will demonstrate that clean energy can be an attractive long-term investment if some risk can be diversified away. Moreover, we argue that there are high amounts of debt in the capital structure of clean energy, but time will tell how much risk is associated with financial leverage regarding this debt.
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41

Kwakwa, Paul Adjei, Frank Adusah-Poku, and Kwame Adjei-Mantey. "Towards the attainment of sustainable development goal 7: what determines clean energy accessibility in sub-Saharan Africa?" Green Finance 3, no. 3 (2021): 268–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/gf.2021014.

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<abstract> <p>Access to clean energy is necessary for environmental cleanliness and poverty reduction. That notwithstanding, many in developing countries especially those in sub-Saharan Africa region lack clean energy for their routine domestic activities. This study sought to unravel the factors that influence clean energy accessibility in sub-Saharan Africa region. Clean energy accessibility, specifically access to electricity, and access to clean cooking fuels and technologies, were modeled as a function of income, foreign direct investment, inflation, employment and political regime for a panel of 31 sub-Saharan countries for the period 2000–2015. Regression analysis from fixed effect, random effect and Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares show that access to clean energy is influenced positively by income, foreign direct investment, political regime and employment while inflation has some negative effect on its accessibility. The policy implications from the findings among other things include that expansion in GDP per capita in the sub-region shall be helpful in increasing accessibility to clean energy. Moreover, strengthening the democratic institutions of countries in the region shall enhance the citizens' accessibility to clean energy. Ensuring sustainable jobs for the citizens is necessary for access clean energy.</p> </abstract>
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42

Dias, Rui, Nuno Teixeira, Paulo Alexandre, and Mariana Chambino. "Exploring the Connection between Clean and Dirty Energy: Implications for the Transition to a Carbon-Resilient Economy." Energies 16, no. 13 (June 27, 2023): 4982. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16134982.

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This study investigates the relationship between clean and dirty energy markets, specifically focusing on clean energy stock indexes and their potential as hedging assets and safe havens during periods of global economic uncertainty. The research analyzes five clean energy indexes and four dirty energy indexes from May 2018 to May 2023, considering events such as the global pandemic and the Russian invasion of Ukraine. The main objective is to examine the causal relationship among different stock indexes pertaining to dirty and clean energy by using the Granger causality test (VAR Granger Causality/Block Exogeneity Wald Test) to determine whether clean energy indexes can predict future prices of dirty energy indexes. However, the findings reveal that clean and dirty energy indexes do not exhibit hedging characteristics or serve as safe havens during times of economic uncertainty, rejecting the research question. These results have important implications for investment strategies, as assets lacking safe haven characteristics may not preserve portfolio efficiency in uncertain times. The study’s insights provide valuable guidance for investors, policymakers, and participants in energy financial markets. It highlights the need to adapt investment approaches and seek alternative options to navigate uncertain economic conditions effectively.
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43

MARANGONI, GIACOMO, and MASSIMO TAVONI. "THE CLEAN ENERGY R&D STRATEGY FOR 2°C." Climate Change Economics 05, no. 01 (February 2014): 1440003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s201000781440003x.

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This paper uses an integrated assessment model to quantify the climate R&D investment strategy for a variety of scenarios fully consistent with 2°C. We estimate the total climate R&D investment needs in approximately 1 USD Trillion (all monetary values in this paper are given in 2005 US dollars using market exchange rates) cumulatively in the period 2010–2030, and 1.6 USD Trillions in the period 2030–2050. Most of the R&D would be carried out in industrialized countries initially, but would be evenly split after 2030. We also assess a "climate R&D deal" in which countries cooperate on innovation (while innovation is a broad topic, in this paper, we will be referring to its R&D component) in the short term, and find that an R&D agreement slightly underperforms a climate policy based on the extension of the Copenhagen pledges till 2030. Both policies are inferior to full cooperation on mitigation starting in 2020. A global agreement on clean energy innovation beyond 2030 without sufficiently stringent GHG emissions reduction policies is found to be incompatible with 2°C.
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44

Hannon, J., and A. J. Green. "Routes to clean production without significant investment." Journal of Cleaner Production 2, no. 2 (January 1994): 71–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0959-6526(94)90002-7.

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45

Miller, Eric. "(Invited) The U.S. Department of Energy’s Hydrogen Energy Earthshot: Addressing Important Challenges and Opportunities in the Research, Development, Demonstration, and Deployment of Clean Hydrogen Technologies." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 45 (October 9, 2022): 1691. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-02451691mtgabs.

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On June 7th of 2021, Secretary of Energy Granholm announced the Hydrogen Energy Earthshot (also know as the Hydrogen Shot) - an initiative to enable clean, low cost hydrogen within a decade. In addition, the Bipartisan Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (IIJA), signed by President Biden in November of 2021, includes $9.5 billion for clean hydrogen, which is made up of $8 billion for at least four regional clean hydrogen hubs and $1.5 billion for electrolysis and clean hydrogen manufacturing and recycling research, development, and demonstration. In addition to accelerating the research, development, demonstration, and deployment of clean hydrogen technologies (including foundational electrochemical process for production and utilization), these investments are expected to provide exciting regional opportunities for jobs creation, economic growth, energy independence, and environmental justice. The presentation will discuss key challenges and major opportunities being addressed through the U.S. Department of Energy’s Hydrogen Program (coordinated through its Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technologies Office); with the aggressive but achievable ten-year goal put forward by the Hydrogen Shot of $1 for 1 kg of clean hydrogen.
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46

Marques, Felipe Tumenas, and Renata Alvarez Rossi. "Green Finance or Daltonic Finance?" International Journal of Social Ecology and Sustainable Development 14, no. 1 (May 23, 2023): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsesd.323658.

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Clean energy is currently a top priority on the global agenda, and green bonds have emerged as a key response from financial markets. However, while these bonds aim to reduce carbon emissions, they may create perverse incentives. Brazil has made significant investments in eolic parks in recent years, with players issuing green bonds to finance these activities. One region that has seen high levels of investment is the interior of Bahia state, which has historically had low levels of economic and social development. Unfortunately, the production of wind energy in this region has been marked by several social conflicts. Despite this, these conflicts have largely gone unnoticed, as the appeal of clean energy has overshadowed them. Social issues such as land disputes are critical but often overlooked in green finance mechanisms. In some cases, these financial incentives may incentivize land grabbing from vulnerable populations in the name of clean energy production.
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47

Van Buskirk, Robert. "Analysis of long-range clean energy investment scenarios for Eritrea, East Africa." Energy Policy 34, no. 14 (September 2006): 1807–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2004.12.023.

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48

Telesetsky, Anastasia. "Multilateral Debt Relief for Clean Ocean Energy." Sustainability 15, no. 20 (October 10, 2023): 14702. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su152014702.

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As states bring more and more offshore wind online and build renewable energy capacity, the promise of large-scale ocean renewables such as offshore wind is not shared equally across all coastal states. This paper examines the situation of coastal states identified by the World Bank as Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPCs) in the context of the boom in offshore wind investment. Specifically, the paper looks at the limited access to renewable energy production exacerbated by ongoing public debt loads, and the almost complete lack of access to clean ocean energy development for the poorest coastal states. Using statistics from the International Renewable Energy Agency and datasets from the Our World in Data project, this paper highlights that the most indebted coastal states only have access to 0.69% of the available renewable energy even though these states represent 4.6% of the global population. In the context of state responsibility for failing to meet climate obligations under the UNFCCC, this paper argues that a sovereign debt relief package offers an equitable remedy to HIPC coastal states, many of whom owe a substantial portion of their GDP as external public debt. The debt service payments would be invested in the upfront capital costs of ocean-based clean energy. These types of debt relief arrangements address international state responsibility and offer the dual co-benefits of long-term economic development and low-carbon sustainability.
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49

Mo, Tian. "Changes In Clean Energy Index Before and After Russia-Ukraine War: Evidence from ARIMA Model." Highlights in Business, Economics and Management 20 (November 30, 2023): 679–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hbem.v20i.13315.

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With the outbreak of the Russia-Ukraine War, the geopolitical situation was tense. The uncertainty of the impact of the war crisis and conflict, especially the impact on financial and energy sanctions, reduced the growth expectations of the energy economy. This paper examines the changes in the clean energy index before and after the Russia-Ukraine War, extracts the stock composite index of listed companies in the industry before and after the Russia-Ukraine War, and build ARIMA model to analyze the data, determine and analyze the profitability and stock volatility of the clean energy index before and after the Russia-Ukraine War, investigate how the Russia-Ukraine conflict affects the clean energy index and predicts the future trend of the clean energy index. Interestingly, whether in the ultra-short term, the short term, or the short-medium term, the Russia-Ukraine War has a considerable positive change on the clean energy index. Investment is good, and investors can quickly rebound from the pessimistic mood of the war and reinvest in the market. At the same time, the study predicted the possible future of the clean energy index, analyzed the government's policies to stabilize the response of war shocks to financial markets, and provided investors with relevant management and investment suggestions for "reasonable speculation" profits to avoid the impact of external risk shocks on financial asset returns.
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Zhuang, Xianrong, and Lingying Pan. "Study on the Impact of Clean Power Investment on Regional High-Quality Economic Development in China." Energies 15, no. 22 (November 9, 2022): 8364. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15228364.

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In 2017, the 19th CPC National Congress proposed to “establish a sound economic system of green, low-carbon and circular development”, which indicates the direction of high-quality economic development in the new era of China. Clean power investment is a powerful way to promote high-quality economic development by adopting non-fossil-energy utilization and low-emission technologies, as well as creating new jobs. Meanwhile, large-scale investment and a long investment return period result in negative effects on local economies. To better understand the effect of clean power investment, this paper selects panel data of thirty provinces in China from 2010 to 2019 to establish a spatial Durbin model to explore the impact of clean power investment on regional high-quality economic development. The results show that inter-regional high-quality economic development shows significant spatial auto-correlation characteristics. Clean power investment has not only a positive direct effect on high-quality economic development but also generates positive spatial spillover effects. Human capital, degree of government intervention, and urbanization rate have positive effects on regional high-quality economic development, while they play a suppressed role on neighboring regions.
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