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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Clear-cutting

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Academic literature on the topic 'Clear-cutting'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Clear-cutting"

1

Erickson, Britt E. "Clear-cutting increases mercury in runoff." Environmental Science & Technology 37, no. 11 (June 2003): 200A—201A. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es032463l.

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Keenan, Rodney J., and J. P. (Hamish) Kimmins. "The ecological effects of clear-cutting." Environmental Reviews 1, no. 2 (July 1, 1993): 121–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/a93-010.

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Clear-cutting is a controversial practice that is widely applied in forests managed for wood production in many parts of the world. This paper aims to provide an objective synthesis of the ecological effects of clear-cutting as a basis for more informed discussion of its merits and disadvantages. A definition of clear-cutting is put forward, and its place in modern productive forestry is described. Effects on microclimate, water, soil, nutrient cycling, and the diversity and composition of plant and animal species are reviewed. The effects of clear-cutting vary considerably depending on site conditions (such as climate, geology, and topography) and on the structure and composition of the forest, the extent and distribution of harvesting, the method used to extract the logs, and the length of time before the forest is removed again. However, it is evident that many of the ecological impacts commonly ascribed to clear-cutting, in fact, result from other stages of the wood-production process, such as the quality and intensity of roading, site preparation practices (such as mechanical disturbance or slash burning), and the intensity of control of noncrop vegetation. Situations where clear-cutting is inappropriate are described. It is argued that in the right situations, with appropriate safeguards, it is an environmentally sound practice that offers many advantages in terms of the production of wood fibre.Key words: clear-cutting, environmental impacts, microclimate, hydrology, soil, forest production, nutrient cycling, wildlife.

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Stone, Louise. "Cutting cholesterol curbs clear cell RCC." Nature Reviews Urology 18, no. 9 (August 2, 2021): 509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41585-021-00510-z.

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Budiaman, A., N. F. Haneda, A. I. Nugraha, and F. Haikal. "Impacts of Clear Cutting on Diversity of Ground Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Pine Plantation Forest in Sukabumi Forest Management Unit, West Java." Jurnal Manajemen Hutan Tropika (Journal of Tropical Forest Management) 27, no. 1 (April 4, 2021): 42–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.7226/jtfm.27.1.42.

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Clear cutting is the main source of timber production of plantation forest management in Indonesia, but this activity disrupts the lives of ground ants. It is rarely known how clear cutting affects the ground ant community in the Indonesian plantation forest. The study aimed to analyze the impacts of clear cutting on the diversity of ground ants in the pine plantation forest of Sukabumi, West Java. The study compared the community structure of ground ants before clear cutting and after clear cutting. Ground ants were collected using a pitfall trap. Trapping of ground ants was carried out six days before the clear cutting and six days after the clear cutting. The ground ants were identified to the morphospecies level and classified into their functional role. The results showed that clear cutting alters the community indices of ground ants. Abundance, morphospecies composition, diversity index, richness index, and evenness index of ground ants after clear cutting was lower compared with those before clear cutting. The clear-felled area due to clear cutting provided favorable habitat for the generalist groups of ground ants, but negatively affected the predator and forager groups of ground ants. These findings can be used as an important factor in the development of environmenllyt-friendly forest harvesting systems in Indonesian plantation forests.

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Molchanov, A. G., Yu A. Kurbatova, and A. V. Olchev. "Effect of clear-cutting on soil CO2 emission." Biology Bulletin 44, no. 2 (March 2017): 218–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1062359016060121.

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Grønflaten, Lena, Eiliv Steinnes, and Göran Örlander. "Effect of conventional and whole-tree clear-cutting on concentrations of some micronutrients in coniferous forest soil and plants." Forestry Studies / Metsanduslikud Uurimused 48, no. 1 (January 1, 2008): 5–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10132-011-0051-4.

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Effect of conventional and whole-tree clear-cutting on concentrations of some micronutrients in coniferous forest soil and plants Increasingly intensive and mechanized clear-cutting may deplete the forest ecosystem of essential nutrients. A clear-cut area near Växjö, southern Sweden, was investigated for changes in Mn, Cu and Zn in soil (NH4NO3 extractable and HNO3 soluble) and wavy hair grass (Deschampsia flexuosa) after conventional (CC) and whole-tree clear-cutting (WTC). The soil samples were mostly iron podzols. The area consisted of four clear-cut sites, respectively 2, 4, 6 and 8 years old, and an uncut forest reference stand. Each of the clear-cuts was split in two parts representing WTC and CC sites. Manganese showed the most definite trends after clear-cutting, exhibiting higher extractable concentrations in Oe, Oa and E horizons (4-8 years after clear-cutting) and B horizons (6-8 years after clear-cutting). The increase of exchangeable Mn in the E (2-8 years) and B (4-8 years) horizons was particularly strong. Zn concentrations tended to fluctuate with time. There was a tendency to higher Mn and Zn concentrations in the humus layer especially 2 years after CC-treatment compared with WTC, whereas the opposite trend was apparent for Cu. Mn, Cu and Zn concentrations decreased in Deschampsia flexuosa 2 years after clear-cutting, possibly due to increased soil pH.

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WALLENDORF, MICHAEL J., PAUL A. PORNELUZI, WENDY K. GRAM, RICHARD L. CLAWSON, and JOHN FAABORG. "Bird Response to Clear Cutting in Missouri Ozark Forests." Journal of Wildlife Management 71, no. 6 (August 2007): 1899–905. http://dx.doi.org/10.2193/2006-386.

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Tönnes, Susan, Eeva Karjalainen, Irja Löfström, and Marjo Neuvonen. "Scenic Impacts of Retention Trees in Clear-cutting Areas." Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research 19, no. 4 (July 2004): 348–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02827580310019284.

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Calbris, Geneviève. "From cutting an object to a clear cut analysis." Gesture 3, no. 1 (October 16, 2003): 19–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/gest.3.1.03cal.

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The representation of the concrete world is an abstraction. The elements that are physically pertinent to reality are synthesized in a gestural, schematic and ergonomic representation. Although schematic, this representation is nuanced: the gestural variants are numerous in order to account for the way we cut things: differences in size and configuration of blades as well as in their manipulation in a single or repeated movement. Representing an abstract notion derived from the act itself, gesture evolves towards increasing simplification and integrates the representation of other notions that enrich the first: cf. the semantic nuances supplied by the plane of the hand and the orientation of the palm in order to evoke ‘cut plus division’, ‘cut plus obstacle’, etc. Moreover, on the semantic level one witnesses a process of generalization: the passage from concrete to abstract, and in the abstract world, from one domain to another: the individual knows how ‘trancher / to decide’ and is ‘tranchant / abrupt’. From the physical and symbolic comparison of the gestural variants referring to all kinds of cuts, a common percept emerges: a gap in a continuum, a representative schema explaining the cut as an interruption. The question addressed is: does gesture not directly account for the abstract schema loaded with imagery from diverse perceptual experiences (representation of acts and their results) at the basis of the concept (representation of the notion)?

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Mohr, Christian H., Ruben Coppus, Andrés Iroumé, Anton Huber, and Axel Bronstert. "Runoff generation and soil erosion processes after clear cutting." Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface 118, no. 2 (May 24, 2013): 814–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jgrf.20047.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Clear-cutting"

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Sircom, Margaret A. "Cutting clear." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ47766.pdf.

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Rondon, Xanic Jimena. "Assessing the Sustainability of Strip Clear-Cutting in the Peruvian Amazon." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1217874385.

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Pinheiro, Fabiola M. R. "Effects of forest fires and clear-cutting on mercury loading to boreal lakes." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0034/MQ64431.pdf.

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Ussiri, David A. N. "Organic matter chemistry and dynamics in a forest soil affected by clear-cutting disturbance." Related Electronic Resource: Current Research at SU : database of SU dissertations, recent titles available full text, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/syr/main.

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Chaundy, Rosalind Frances Cordes. "Moth diversity in young jack pine-deciduous forests after disturbance by wildfire or clear-cutting." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ45603.pdf.

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Bäckman, Jenny. "Nitrification and nitrifying bacterial communities in coniferous forest soils : effects of liming and clear-cutting /." Linköping : Univ, 2003. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp2002/tek809s.pdf.

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Fredrickson, Richard J. "The Effects of Disease, Prey Fluctuation, and Clear-Cutting on American Marten in Newfoundland, Canada." DigitalCommons@USU, 1990. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/6436.

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Individual variation in survival and behavior of American marten (Martes americana) was studied in relation to disease, prey fluctuation, and clear-cutting from 10 January 1986 through 20 August 1987 in Newfoundland, Canada. Thirty-seven of forty marten captured on the study area were telemetered and monitored for part or all of the study. Marten mortality was concentrated in two intervals, fall 1986 and late winter 1987. Mortality during fall 1986 was attributable to encephalitis, while marten deaths during late winter 1987 resulted from predation and starvation attributable to the prey decline. Nonsuppurative encephalitis was first detected 7 October 1986; no further evidence of the disease could be found after 1 November 1986. In early October 1986, declining populations of meadow voles were documented; by June 1987 no voles could be found on the study area. In both mortality periods, young-of-the-year marten had lower survival rates than older marten, and transients survived less well than residents. However, encephalitis appeared to be a less selective mortality agent than the prey decline. Females, considered to be more vulnerable to resource perturbations, had lower survival rates and males higher rates during late winter 1987 than during the disease epizootic. Clear-cutting operations ran from 4 August 1986 through 14 November 1986; 3% (259 ha) of the study area was cut. Marten of all ages avoided clear-cuts during logging operations and for the first nine months afterward. Resident kits made significantly greater use of clear-cuts than older residents and were 3.2 times more likely than older residents to be found within clear-cuts. However, resident kits were 2.6 times and adults 8.3 times more likely to use habitats other than clear-cuts. The decline in prey abundance resulted in several changes in marten movement and spacing behaviors. Intrasexual home range overlap by residents was eliminated. All female residents present before the prey decline either died or abandoned their home ranges. The ratio of transients to resident numbers increased. Recolonization of vacated habitats was slower, and duration of dispersal for females increased. Intruder pressure and mating access appeared to play little role in the observed changes in social spacing. The decline in marten numbers during and after the prey decline appeared to have been partially affected by changes in spacing behaviors.

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Fredriksson, Maria. "Organic chlorine in soilwater : Influence of Clear-cuttning and Nitrogen." Thesis, Linköping University, The Tema Institute, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-10062.

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Chlorine is one of most common element on earth and it is essential in every living organism, but can also cause problems in the environment. Chlorine can exist both as inorganic (Clin) and organically bound (Clorg). Earlier was the common opinion that Clorg only occurs from anthropogenic sources, but the last years, research has shown that chlorine is a part of the biogeochemical cycle and Clorg also can have natural sources. Many chlorinated substances are poisonous, so the fact that they have a natural source created attention. Fertilizations with nitrogen in forest areas have shown unexpected consequences, such as an increase leakage of nitrogen to ground and surface water. Clear-cutting is a disturbance on the ecosystem and the environment is sensitive for disturbances. Because of the fact that both chlorine and fertilization can be environmental problems and that clear-cutting is a big disturbance in the nature, this study will investigate if there are changes of organic chlorine (Clorg) in soil water after clear-cutting and if fertilization with nitrogen has any influence on the concentration of Clorg. This study was made in a forest area in Värmland, Sweden (Hagfors). Chemical analyses were made in the laboratory though measuring AOX (absorbable organic halogens). The result of this study showed that clear-cutting probably has some effect on the Clorg concentration and that nitrogen doesn’t have any influence.

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Briel, Annemarie. "Hydrological Modelling at Road Structures in a Changing Climate and Landuse." Thesis, KTH, Mark- och vattenteknik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-171827.

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An increase in the frequency and intensity of storm events is predicted by numerous climate researchers for the north of Europe. Not only this but also landuse change in form of clear-cutting can have an impact on the discharge of rivers and with that on road drainage structures. Extensive societal costs can be the consequences of blockage and underdimensioned structures. Hydrological models are powerful instruments that can be used to assess the future dimension requirements for road drainage structures especially in specifically vulnerable areas. In this thesis the hydrological model MIKE SHE was set up to study the discharge and water level at two pipe bridges and one culvert within the catchment of the river Hakerud in Västra Götaland, Sweden. Three scenarios were considered including a changing climate until 2050 and 2100 and a clear-cut scenario aiming to find out if the current design is sufficient for the future. This model can be used as an example model set-up for similar studies taking the recommendations of the experience gained in this thesis into consideration. For the Swedish Transport Administration further studies on this basis can contribute to decision making on the dimensioning of road drainage structures in the future to ensure a safe and robust infrastructural system.

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Karlsson, Daniel. "Logging impacts on catchment biogeochemistry: A review : with emphasis on northern boreal ecosystems." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-90175.

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The impacts of current forest management methods on surface water quality, especially in northern parts of Sweden, are largely unexplored. In this review reports linked to logging impacts on catchment biogeochemistry, (with special emphasis on boreal ecosystems) has been assessed. Logging disturbances in boreal forest catchments can change biogeochemical processes in soils by alter transpiration, soil conditions, temperature, soil microbial activities and water fluxes. Combined these changes can cause increased soil nutrient leaching to receiving waters. In the studies reviewed, dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations and export generally increased after logging. Similar responses followed for phosphorous (P), but to a lesser extent for nitrogen (N). Streamflow and peakflow and the export of suspended matter (SM) can also be altered after logging. Removal of streamside vegetation may result in increased stream water temperatures and potentially affect lake water temperature, deepen the epilimnion and deplete oxygen (O2) concentrations. Increased wind exposure can resuspend sediments and potentially release bioavailable P. Affected lake water concentrations of N can be considered negligible after logging, whereas tot-P concentrations has shown to increase to an almost twofold level in some studies. The overall impact on the pelagic productivity are therefore most likely those connected to increased DOC and SM concentrations. The general impact on fish biomass can be considered insignificant. In conclusions, to improve future forest management and for further understanding concerning the biogeochemical environmental impacts that forestry might have on freshwaters, additional studies are still required.

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Books on the topic "Clear-cutting"

1

Wallace, Rodrick, Luis Fernando Chaves, Luke R. Bergmann, Constância Ayres, Lenny Hogerwerf, Richard Kock, and Robert G. Wallace. Clear-Cutting Disease Control. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72850-6.

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Clear-cutting Eden: Ecology and the pastoral in Southern literature. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 2009.

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Hart, Cyril. Alternative silvicultural systems to clear cutting in Britain: A review. London: HMSO, 1995.

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Addison, Janet Anne. Response of soil invertebrates to clear-cutting and partial cutting in a boreal mixedwood forest in northern Ontario: Final report. Sault Ste. Marie, Ont: Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Great Lakes Forestry Centre, 1997.

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Canada. Canadian Forest Service. Northern Forestry Program. Effects of clear-cutting and alternative silvicultural systems on wildlife in Ontario's boreal mixedwoods. Ottawa: Canadian Forest Service., 1995.

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Wedeles, Christopher Herbert Richard. Effects of clear-cutting and alternative silvicultural systems on wildlife in Ontario's boreal mixedwoods. Sault Ste. Marie, Ont: Great Lakes Forestry Centre, 1995.

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Berdén, Maria. Ion leaching and soil acidification in a forest Haplic Podzol: Effects of nitrogen application and clear-cutting. Uppsala: Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Dept. of Ecology and Environmental Research, 1994.

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Gooding, T. Computer simulation comparisons between an ecosystem management strategy and clear-cutting with artificial regeneration for a forest in northwestern Ontario. Sault Ste. Marie, Ont: Great Lakes Forestry Centre, 1996.

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9

Kolabinski, V. S. Clear cutting alternate strips and scarifying in white spruce and white spruce-trembling aspen stands to induce natural white spruce regeneration, Manitoba and Saskatchewan. Winnipeg, Man: Forestry Canada, 1994.

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10

A, Jordan R., ed. Impacts of clear cutting on northeastern palustrine forested wetlands. S.l: s.n, 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "Clear-cutting"

1

Wallace, Rodrick, Luis Fernando Chaves, Luke R. Bergmann, Constância Ayres, Lenny Hogerwerf, Richard Kock, and Robert G. Wallace. "The Social Context of the Emergence of Vector-Borne Diseases." In Clear-Cutting Disease Control, 1–15. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72850-6_1.

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Wallace, Rodrick, Luis Fernando Chaves, Luke R. Bergmann, Constância Ayres, Lenny Hogerwerf, Richard Kock, and Robert G. Wallace. "Modeling Vector-Borne Diseases in a Commoditized Landscape." In Clear-Cutting Disease Control, 17–38. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72850-6_2.

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Wallace, Rodrick, Luis Fernando Chaves, Luke R. Bergmann, Constância Ayres, Lenny Hogerwerf, Richard Kock, and Robert G. Wallace. "Modeling State Interventions." In Clear-Cutting Disease Control, 39–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72850-6_3.

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Wallace, Rodrick, Luis Fernando Chaves, Luke R. Bergmann, Constância Ayres, Lenny Hogerwerf, Richard Kock, and Robert G. Wallace. "Implications for Disease Intervention and Modeling." In Clear-Cutting Disease Control, 51–62. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72850-6_4.

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Wallace, Rodrick, Luis Fernando Chaves, Luke R. Bergmann, Constância Ayres, Lenny Hogerwerf, Richard Kock, and Robert G. Wallace. "Mathematical Appendix." In Clear-Cutting Disease Control, 63–68. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72850-6_5.

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Lait, Michael. "The Gatineau Hills Clear-Cutting Controversy." In Governance of Near-Urban Conservation Areas, 31–42. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64440-6_3.

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Serrasolses, Isabel, and V. Ramon Vallejo. "Soil Fertility After Fire and Clear-Cutting." In Ecological Studies, 315–28. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-58618-7_22.

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Kiefer, S., and P. Poschlod. "Restoration of Fallow or Afforested Calcareous Grasslands by Clear-Cutting." In The GeoJournal Library, 209–18. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0343-2_25.

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Johnson, Chris E., Charles T. Driscoll, Timothy J. Fahey, Thomas G. Siccama, and Jeffrey W. Hughes. "Carbon Dynamics Following Clear-Cutting of a Northern Hardwood Forest." In Carbon Forms and Functions in Forest Soils, 463–88. Madison, WI, USA: Soil Science Society of America, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/1995.carbonforms.c21.

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Granhall, Ulf. "Clear-Cutting of a Scots Pine Forest — Effects on Soil Biology." In Responses of Forest Ecosystems to Environmental Changes, 797–99. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2866-7_167.

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Conference papers on the topic "Clear-cutting"

1

Fischer, Christian E. "Some Discussions of Virtual Testing of Cutting Tools." In ASME 2008 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference collocated with the 3rd JSME/ASME International Conference on Materials and Processing. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec_icmp2008-72131.

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The drive for ever increasing productivity puts continuously increasing demands on cutting tool performance. With the cost of a single prototype tool design near $10,000, the benefits of virtual development are clear. Computer simulation can provide accurate information on chip form, cutting force, temperature, workpiece surface integrity and other vital performance information. Recent advances in simulation technology, combined with ever increasing available of computational power at low cost, have vastly expanded the range of machining applications which can be studied in practical times. This paper examines finite element solver technology, recent research and test results enabling virtual development and prototyping of cutting tools.

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Dombovari, Zoltan, and Gabor Stepan. "The Effect of Harmonic Helix Angle Variation on Milling Stability." In ASME 2011 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2011-47745.

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The linearly varied helix tool is widely used in manufacturing industry and milling tools are available in the market with these special cutting edges. There were several attempts to introduce complex harmonically varied helix tools, but the manufacturing of sinusoid edges is extremely difficult and its effect on cutting dynamics is not clear yet. In this study a mechanical model is introduced to predict the linear stability of these special cutters. It is shown that these milling tools cause distribution in regeneration and the corresponding time periodic distributed delay differential equations are investigated by semi-discretization. This work points out how the harmonically varied helix cutters behave in case of high and low cutting speed applications.

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Sakata, Shinya, Takashi Kadota, Yuki Yamada, Kenichi Nakanishi, Hayato Yoshioka, Norikazu Suzuki, and Yasuhiro Kakinuma. "Chatter Suppression in Parallel Turning With Unequal Pitch Using Observer Based Cutting Force Estimation." In ASME 2017 12th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference collocated with the JSME/ASME 2017 6th International Conference on Materials and Processing. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2017-3054.

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Parallel turning attracts attention as one of the important technologies for the multi-tasking machine tools. This is because there is a potential to enhance the stability limits compared to turning operation using single tool when cutting conditions are properly selected. Although stability prediction models for parallel turning have been developed in recent years, in-process monitoring technique of chatter is almost out of focus. In this study, to suppress chatter vibration, unequal pitch turning method was proposed. In this method, the upper tool was controlled based on optimum pitch angle calculated from spindle speed and chatter frequency. Chatter frequency was identified from estimated cutting force by disturbance observer. From the result of parallel turning test, it is clear that chatter vibration can be suppressed by controlling the upper tool based on optimum pitch angle.

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Lu, Ping, Y. Kevin Chou, and Raymond G. Thompson. "AE Signal Evolutions in Machining by Diamond Coated Tools." In ASME 2009 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2009-84372.

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Diamond coated cutting tools have a potential to replace costly polycrystalline diamond tools. However, coating delaminations remain the primary wear mode that often results in catastrophic tool failures, causing to poor part quality and possible damage to machine tools. Moreover, delamination events are difficult to be precisely predicted. Thus, tool delamination identification is necessary for process monitoring. Following a previous work, this study examines the acoustic emission (AE) signal evolutions during machining by diamond coated tools, in particular, the frequency response along cutting time as well as during a specific cutting pass. The intent was to correlate the characteristics of the AE spectral components with coating delaminations. The results are summarized as follows. Though AE root-mean-square values have been used to monitor tool failure, it may not show clear transition registered to coating delamination in some cases. The fast Fourier transformation (FFT) spectra of AE data along cutting time generally show decreased intensity for low frequency peaks, but increased intensity for high frequency peaks. In addition, the AE FFT spectra of sub-divided time zones during one cutting pass may clearly indicate the coating failure transition.

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Massoni, Brandon, and Matthew I. Campbell. "Optimizing Cutting Planes for Advanced Joining and Additive Manufacturing." In ASME 2016 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2016-67495.

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While additive manufacturing allows more complex shapes than conventional manufacturing processes, there is a clear benefit in leveraging both new and old processes in the definition of new parts. For example, one could create complex part shapes where the main “body” is defined by extrusion and machining, while small protruding features are defined by additive manufacturing. This paper looks at how optimization and geometric reasoning can be combined to identify optimal separation planes within a complex three-dimensional shapes. These separations indicate the joining processes in reverse. The optimization method presents possible manufacturing alternatives to an engineering designer where optimality is defined as a minimization of cost. The process identifies the cutting planes as well as the combination of processes required to join the individual parts together. The paper presents several examples of complex shapes and describes how the optimization finds the optimal results.

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Lu, Ping, Y. Kevin Chou, and Raymond G. Thompson. "Short-Time Fourier Transform Method in AE Signal Analysis for Diamond Coating Failure Monitoring in Machining Applications." In ASME 2010 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2010-34305.

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Coating failures due to delaminations are the primary life-limiting criteria of diamond-coated tools in machining. Process monitoring to capture coating failures is thus desired to prevent from poor part quality and possible production disruption. Following previous studies of AE signal analysis for diamond coating failure monitoring in machining applications, this research applied a short-time Fourier transformation (STFT) method to capture the coating failure transition during cutting. The method uses sub-divided signal segments, in a continuous manner, for the fast Fourier transform (FFT) analysis and computes the amplitude ratio of high vs. low frequencies as a function of cutting time during a cutting pass. The results show that during the coating failure pass, a clear sharp increase of amplitude ratio (value change over one) of high/low frequency occurs along the cutting time. On the other hand, the amplitude ratio only exhibits a certain low range fluctuations in other passes, e.g., initial cutting and prior to failure passes. Thus, it can be suggested that the applied STFT method has a potential for diamond coating failure monitoring. However, for coating failure associated with a smaller tool wear (less than 0.8 mm flank wear-land width), the amplitude ratio plot from the STFT analysis may not clearly show the failure transition.

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Chiou, Richard Y., Jim S. J. Chen, Lin Lu, and Ian Cole. "Prediction of Heat Transfer Behavior of Carbide Inserts With Embedded Heat Pipes for Dry Machining." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-32656.

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The temperature of a tool plays an important role in thermal distortion and the machined part’s dimensional accuracy, as well as in tool life in machining. The most significant factors in tool wear are temperature and the degree of chemical affinity between the tool and the workpiece. This research focuses on developing a clear understanding of the temperature distribution with cutting tool inserts embedded with heat pipes to eliminate the use of cutting fluids and reduce tool wealr in machining. A novel approach using the finite element analysis was developed to simulate the thermal behavior of a carbide cutting tool in three-dimensional dry machining. The carbide tools possess high material strengths at room temperature, but they cannot retain useful hardness at temperatures above 900°C (1700°F). Therefore, the reduction of tool wear typically requires maintaining the temperature of cutting tool inserts below some critical values. The particular temperature distribution depends on density, specific heat, thermal conductivity, shape and contact of the tool and heat pipe. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) shows that the temperature drops greatly at the tool-chip interface and that the heat flow to the tool is effectively removed when a heat pipe is embedded.

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Singh, H. M., and Y. B. Guo. "Temperature Field Correlation With Surface Integrity in Hard Milling." In ASME 2011 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2011-50279.

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Experimental and FEA study is conducted to get an insight into critical mechanisms of temperature, deformation, stress generation and variations with cutting speed and tool wear in hard milling AISI H13 steel (50±1 HRC). The critical issues like energy consumption during milling and the resulting surface integrity of the machined component depend on the tool and workpiece interaction. An insight into tool and workpiece interaction is needed in order to design a better milling process for required surface integrity. 2D finite element simulation of orthogonal cutting model is performed to investigate the variations of temperatures and residual stresses at different cutting speeds and tool wears. Hard milling experiments are conducted to correlate with the simulation results. The fact that in hard milling, the temperature does not penetrate deep into the workpiece and there is no clear evidence of heat affected zone such as white layer is demonstrated. With the finite element simulations and experiments, the capability of hard milling process to achieve better surface integrity on the machined surface is explored.

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Waldorf, Daniel, Scott Liu, Michael Stender, and Daniel Norgan. "Alternative Binder Carbide Tools for Machining Superalloys." In ASME 2008 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference collocated with the 3rd JSME/ASME International Conference on Materials and Processing. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec_icmp2008-72369.

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This study examines the performance of a new class of wear-resistant but economical cutting tools produced by varying the binder composition of standard cemented carbide composites. By replacing some or all of the cobalt binder with rhenium and nickel-based superalloy, a stronger composite tool results, potentially capable of machining heat-resistant superalloys at significantly higher cutting speeds. Sample tools with alternative binder were produced and compared to standard tools bound with cobalt only. Turning experiments on Inconel 718 were run to evaluate wear resistance and tool life for several grades. The experimentation also examined the effects of varying the relative proportions of each binder constituent as well as the overall binder percentage in the composite. Results show a clear advantage of the alternative binder tools as evidenced by a 150% increase in tool life or the equivalent of an 18% increase in cutting speed. Although increasing amounts of rhenium in the binder show a positive effect on performance, the effects of superalloy and overall binder % are inconclusive.

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Chilamkurti, L. V. R. S. V. Prasad, Naga Lakshmi Pavani Puvvada, Ramji Koona, and Venkata Ramana Swarna. "Experimental Investigations to Evaluate the Performance of Alternate Striped Coated Carbide Inserts in Turning of AISI 1040 Steel." In ASME 2015 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2015-9361.

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During machining in order to improve the performance of the tool, it is necessary to have a clear understanding of chip flow and chip-tool interactions on the rake face. The predominating factors which influence the performance of cutting tool are proper combinations of process variables, tool and workpiece. Focusing more on environmental and economic considerations, dry machining is preferred in the present work to study and evaluate the performance of the multi-striped alternate coated Tungsten Carbide (WC) inserts. Dry turning tests on AISI 1040 steel at various machining conditions have been carried out using uncoated and striped coated cutting tools to deliberate the wear patterns close to the cutting edge. An effective tool coating helps the tool manufacturers to increase the tool life during high speed machining conditions. In the earlier research, in evaluating the performance of single and multi-layer carbide tools, tool wear has been considerably reduced in multi-layer coated tools compared with single layer coated tools. In the current work, to further reduce the tool wear an attempt has been made to assess the tool wear with striped coated carbide tools having alternate bands of hard and soft coatings located close to the cutting edge. The findings are significant in the current study which shows that no crater wear has been observed. Further authors also tried for the optimum rake face utilization by having the proposed band of coatings close to the cutting edge.

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Reports on the topic "Clear-cutting"

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Viner, B. CALCULATED ROUGHNESS CHANGES DUE TO CLEAR-CUTTING AT SAVANNAH RIVER SITE. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1770285.

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Swinson Evans, Tammeka, Suzanne West, Linda Lux, Michael Halpern, and Kathleen Lohr. Cancer Symptoms and Side Effects: A Research Agenda to Advance Cancer Care Options. RTI Press, July 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2017.rb.0016.1707.

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Cancer survivors have unique physical, psychological, social, and spiritual health needs. These can include symptoms and side effects associated with cancer and cancer treatment, such as pain, cognitive dysfunction, insomnia, and elevated anxiety and depression. This research brief summarizes a landscape review done for the Patient Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI) to develop a clear, comprehensive understanding of the state of research as of the mid-2000s. We conducted a targeted search strategy to identify projects funded by federal and commercial sources and the American Cancer Society (ACS) in addition to identifying funding opportunities released by the National Institutes of Health (NIH). We conducted additional review to identify studies focused on symptom and side-effect measures and five priority topic areas (selected by PCORI prior to the review) in the following five databases (from January 2005- through September 2015) with an inclusion criteria in an adapted PICOTS framework (populations, interventions, comparators, outcomes, time frames, and settings). We identified 692 unduplicated studies (1/2005 to 9/2015) and retained 189 studies about cancer symptom and side-effect management. Of these studies, NIH funded 40% and the ACS 33%. Academic institutions, health care systems, other government agencies, and private foundations or industry supported the remainder. We identified critical gaps in the knowledge base pertaining to populations, interventions, comparators (when those are relevant for comparative effectiveness reviews), and outcomes. We also discovered gaps in cross-cutting topics, particularly for patient decision-making studies, patient self-management of cancer symptoms and side effects, and coordinated care.

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Coelho Resende, Noelle, Renata Weber, Jardel Fischer Loeck, Mathias Vaiano Glens, Carolina Gomes, Priscila Farfan Barroso, Janine Targino, Emerson Elias Merhy, Leandro Dominguez Barretto, and Carly Machado. Working Paper Series: Therapeutic Communities in Brazil. Edited by Taniele Rui and Fiore Mauricio. Drugs, Security and Democracy Program, Social Science Research Council, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35650/ssrc.2081.d.2021.

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Spread across Brazil and attaining an unparalleled political force, therapeutic communities are as inescapable in the debate on drug policy as they are complex to define. Although they are not a Brazilian creation, they have been operating in that country for decades, and their dissemination intensified in the 1990s. In 2011, they were officially incorporated into Brazil's Psychosocial Care Network (Rede de Atenção Psicossocial, or RAPS). Since then, therapeutic communities have been at the center of public debates about their regulation; about how they should—or even if they should—be a part of the healthcare system; about the level of supervision to which they should be submitted; about their sources of funding, particularly whether or not they should have access to public funding; and, most importantly, about the quality of the services they offer and the many reports of rights violation that have been made public. However, a well-informed public debate can only flourish if the available information is based on sound evidence. The SSRC’s Drugs, Security and Democracy Program is concerned with the policy relevance of the research projects it supports, and the debate around therapeutic communities in Brazil points to a clear need for impartial research that addresses different cross-cutting aspects of this topic in its various dimensions: legal, regulatory, health, and observance of human rights, among others. It is in this context that we publish this working paper series on therapeutic communities in Brazil. The eight articles that compose this series offer a multidisciplinary view of the topic, expanding and deepening the existing literature and offering powerful contributions to a substantive analysis of therapeutic communities as instruments of public policy. Although they can be read separately, it is as a whole that the strength of the eight articles that make up this series becomes more evident. Even though they offer different perspectives, they are complementary works in—and already essential for—delineating and understanding the phenomenon of therapeutic communities in Brazil.

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