Relevant bibliographies by topics / Clearing efficiency

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Book chapters
  4. Conference papers
  5. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Clearing efficiency'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Clearing efficiency"

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Han, Qi Long, Zuo Ming Zhu, and Zhi Yong Huang. "Selection and Optimization of Main Process Parameters in High Pressure Waterjet Clearing HTPB Propellant." Advanced Materials Research 681 (April 2013): 164–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.681.164.

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In order to ensure safety and efficiency in high pressure waterjet clearing HTPB propellant, the lower limit of outlet pressure was determined as 60MPa according to the compressive strength of HTPB propellant and the upper limit of outlet pressure was determined as 100MPa through ignition mode analysis and temperature rise experiment. Based on the corresponding empirical formula, the optimal target distance under different outlet pressure was calculated. Through the small size propellant clearing experiments, the main process parameters in high pressure waterjet clearing HTPB propellant were optimized. The optimal processing conditions of safe clearing are 100MPa for outlet pressure, 30mm for target distance, 0.25mm for nozzle diameter, 15minutes for single clearing time and thus the corresponding mass loss and clearing efficiency are 263.3g and 17.55g/min respectively.
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Bergeron, Raymond J., Jan Wiegand, James S. McManis, Jörg Bussenius, Richard E. Smith, and William R. Weimar. "Methoxylation of Desazadesferrithiocin Analogues: Enhanced Iron Clearing Efficiency." Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 46, no. 8 (April 2003): 1470–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jm020412d.

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Ellis, C. R., J. W. Pomeroy, T. Brown, and J. MacDonald. "Simulation of snow accumulation and melt in needleleaf forest environments." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 14, no. 6 (June 14, 2010): 925–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-14-925-2010.

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Abstract. Drawing upon numerous field studies and modelling exercises of snow processes, the Cold Regions Hydrological Model (CRHM) was developed to simulate the four season hydrological cycle in cold regions. CRHM includes modules describing radiative, turbulent and conductive energy exchanges to snow in open and forest environments, as well as account for losses from canopy snow sublimation and rain evaporation. Due to the physical-basis and rigorous testing of each module, there is a minimal need for model calibration. To evaluate CRHM, simulations of snow accumulation and melt were compared to observations collected at paired forest and clearing sites of varying latitude, elevation, forest cover density, and climate. Overall, results show that CRHM is capable of characterising the variation in snow accumulation between forest and clearing sites, achieving a model efficiency of 0.51 for simulations at individual sites. Simulations of canopy sublimation losses slightly overestimated observed losses from a weighed cut tree, having a model efficiency of 0.41 for daily losses. Good model performance was demonstrated in simulating energy fluxes to snow at the clearings, but results were degraded from this under forest cover due to errors in simulating sub-canopy net longwave radiation. However, expressed as cumulative energy to snow over the winter, simulated values were 96% and 98% of that observed at the forest and clearing sites, respectively. Overall, the good representation of the substantial variations in mass and energy between forest and clearing sites suggests that CRHM may be useful as an analytical or predictive tool for snow processes in needleleaf forest environments.
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Березин, К. В., К. Н. Дворецкий, М. Л. Чернавина, В. В. Нечаев, А. М. Лихтер, И. Т. Шагаутдинова, E. M. Aнтонова, and В. В. Тучин. "Оптическое просветление кожи человека in vivo рядом моносахаридов." Журнал технической физики 127, no. 8 (2019): 329. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/os.2019.08.48051.29-19.

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AbstractWe present the results of in vivo optical immersion clearing of human skin by aqueous solutions of some immersion agents (ribose, glucose, and fructose monosaccharides and glycerol), obtained using optical coherence tomography (OCT). To assess the efficiency of optical clearing, we determined the values of the rate of change of the light scattering coefficient, obtained using the averaged A-scan of the OCT signal in the derma section at a depth of 350–700 μm. A good correlation was observed between the rate of change of the light scattering coefficient and the potential of the optical clearing. Using complex molecular simulation of the interaction of a number of immersion clearing agents with collagen mimetic peptide (GPH)_3 using classical molecular dynamics and quantum chemistry, we found correlations between the efficiency of optical clearing and the energy of intermolecular interaction of cleaning agents with a fragment of collagen peptide.
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Hollinger, Geoffrey, Sanjiv Singh, and Athanasios Kehagias. "Improving the Efficiency of Clearing with Multi-agent Teams." International Journal of Robotics Research 29, no. 8 (May 4, 2010): 1088–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0278364910369949.

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Ellis, C. R., J. W. Pomeroy, T. Brown, and J. MacDonald. "Simulation of snow accumulation and melt in needleleaf forest environments." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 7, no. 1 (February 9, 2010): 1033–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-7-1033-2010.

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Abstract. Drawing upon numerous field studies and modelling exercises of snow processes, the Cold Regions Hydrological Model (CRHM) was developed to simulate the four season hydrological cycle in cold regions. CRHM includes modules describing radiative, turbulent and conductive energy exchanges to snow in forest and open environments, as well as provide account for losses from canopy snow sublimation and rain evaporation. Due to the physical-basis and rigorous testing of each module, there is a minimal need for model calibration. To evaluate CRHM, simulations of snow accumulation and melt were compared to observations collected at paired forest and clearing sites of varying latitude, elevation, forest cover density, and climate. Overall, results show that CRHM is capable of characterising the variation of snow accumulation between forest and open sites, achieving a model efficiency of 0.57, with the lowest efficiencies at the forest sites. Simulations of canopy sublimation losses slightly overestimated observed losses from a weighed cut tree, giving a model efficiency of 0.41 for daily losses. Good model performance was demonstrated in simulating energy fluxes to snow at the clearings, but performance was degraded from this under forest canopies due to errors in simulating daily net longwave radiation. However, expressed as cumulative energy to snow over the winter, simulated values were 96% and 98% of that observed at forest and clearing sites, respectively. Overall, good model prediction of the substantial variations in mass and energy between forest and clearing sites suggests that CRHM may be useful as an analytical or predictive tool for snow processes in needleleaf forests.
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Kim, Min Sun, Jang Ho Ahn, Ji Eun Mo, Ha Young Song, Deokhyeon Cheon, Seong Ho Yoo, and Hyung Jin Choi. "Optimizing tissue clearing and imaging methods for human brain tissue." Journal of International Medical Research 49, no. 3 (March 2021): 030006052110017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03000605211001729.

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Objectives To identify optimum sample conditions for human brains, we compared the clearing efficiency, antibody staining efficiency, and artifacts between fresh and cadaver samples. Methods Fresh and cadaver samples were cleared using X-CLARITY™. Clearing efficiency and artifact levels were calculated using ImageJ, and antibody staining efficiency was evaluated after confocal microscopy imaging. Three staining methods were compared: 4-day staining (4DS), 11-day staining (11DS), and 4-day staining with a commercial kit (4DS-C). The optimum staining method was then selected by evaluating staining time, depth, method complexity, contamination, and cost. Results Fresh samples outperformed cadaver samples in terms of the time and quality of clearing, artifacts, and 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining efficiency, but had a glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) staining efficiency that was similar to that of cadaver samples. The penetration depth and DAPI staining improved in fresh samples as the incubation period lengthened. 4DS-C was the best method, with the deepest penetration. Human brain images containing blood vessels, cell nuclei, and astrocytes were visualized three-dimensionally. The chemical dye staining depth reached 800 µm and immunostaining depth exceeded 200 µm in 4 days. Conclusions We present optimized sample preparation and staining protocols for the visualization of three-dimensional macrostructure in the human brain.
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Gómez, D., A. J. Aguirre, X. Lizaur, M. Lorda, and J. L. Remón. "Evolution of argoma shrubland (Ulex gallii Planch.) after clearing and burning treatments in Sierra de Aralar and Belate (Navarra)." Cuadernos de Investigación Geográfica 45, no. 2 (September 4, 2019): 469. http://dx.doi.org/10.18172/cig.3747.

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Shrub encroachment is considered one of the greatest threats in the conservation of pastures, especially in abandoned territories and territories with low stocking density. However, in the Navarra Pyrenees and Basque mountains, with a high stocking density maintained during the last decades, the expansion of argoma shrubland (Ulex gallii), shows that grazing is not enough for its control and requires evaluating measures of clearing. To evaluate the efficiency of the burning and the mechanical clearing (with two treatments: at ground level and 10 cm above ground) in the control of the shrub, these treatments were applied in different plots of encroached grasslands in two pastoral territories (Sierra de Aralar and Belate). After the burning and clearing, the evolution of the shrub was compared in the cleared plots closed to grazing and in their replicas open to it. The results showed differences between the different treatments in both territories that may be related to the initial coverage of the shrubland. In general, burning was less effective in controlling shrubland and allowed a greater resprout than mechanical clearing. No significant differences were found between the two types of mechanical clearing (at ground level and at 10 cm above ground). Finally, grazing caused a delay in the recovery of the shrub in all casesbut it was not able to eliminate the shrubs completely. From the field observations, the opinions of the farmers and the results of similar experiences, some measures for grassland management were collected and discussed to correct or complement the clearing treatments in order to increase their efficiency.
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Wang, Jun Fa, Xiao Xia Li, Ya Qin Li, and Teng Fei Zhuang. "Experimental Analysis on Fracture Characteristics and Material Properties of Compacted Ice and Snow." Applied Mechanics and Materials 540 (April 2014): 43–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.540.43.

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It is benefit to improve the snow clearing effect, reduce energy consumption, conserve resources and enhance the performance of the machine was pointed. Using the depth into show, concave disc spacing and the angle between marching directions as factors, snow pack volume flaking, fracture width and snow clearing resistance as objective the three factors five levels orthogonal rotation test was conducted. The interaction between effect spacing of tools ,the fractures great influence on clearing efficiency and energy consumption when clearing the compacted ice and snow by using multi-blade cutting mode was found through the concave disc cutting test. The relation response surface graph was obtained through the analysis of test data by using the Design-Expert 6.0 software. The optimal parameters are: the angle between marching directions is 13°, depth into snow is 38mm~44mm, concave disc spacing is 14mm~17mm, which made the snow pack volume flaking is 124cm3~130cm3, the fracture width is 79mm~80mm, the snow clearing resistance is 0.6KN~0.65KN.
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Hwang, Injun, and Baeho Kim. "Heterogeneity and netting efficiency under central clearing: A stochastic network analysis." Journal of Futures Markets 40, no. 2 (September 22, 2019): 192–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fut.22059.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Clearing efficiency"

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Modipa, Rebone Dineo. "An assessment of the efficiency and effectiveness of the Working for Water NBAL mapping, contract teams and clearing of Acacia mearnsii." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/3192.

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Working for Water (WfW) works to fulfil their dual mandate of protecting ecosystem services and creating employment opportunities for poor communities. There have been many successes but evidence is increasing regarding the inefficiencies at project and site scales. The study was undertaken in the Eastern Cape, South Africa, at a farm called Ann’s Villa situated in the Kommadagga valley, at the foot of the northern side of the Zuurberg pass. The study sought to assess the efficiency of the WfW mapping of natural biological aliens (NBAL), of contract teams and the effectiveness of the clearing methods employed to clear Acacia mearnsii. To achieve this, WfW mapping was analysed, contract team dynamics of the different task groups were observed and assessed and various Acacia mearnsii and indigenous plant variables were measured pre-and post-clearing of A. mearnsii. The first key finding was that overall the WfW NBAL mapping was inaccurate, with WfW A. mearnsii percentage cover (cover) estimations significantly over-estimated. Acacia mearnsii cover over-estimations resulted in fruitless expenditure as contracts were more expensive than necessary. Cover under-estimations also led to the inability to fulfill contractual obligations and the subsequent halting of the clearing of a large portion the study area. It was recommended that the NBAL mapping as well as the cover estimations of NBALs be conducted more rigorously, with expert assistance where skills are lacking, to avoid the associated fruitless expenditure. The second key finding was that WfW contract teams were largely inefficient, as a result of waiting, stemming from the lack of continuity in work. There was a strong positive relationship between subgroup chainsaw operator (CO) to stacker ratio and subgroup CO to stacker efficiency ratio. These inefficiencies meant that a mean of 58±67% of the total money spent per team resulted in fruitless expenditure. It was recommend that contract teams be organised to promote the continuity of work and that the current high stacker to CO ratios be reversed to increase efficiency and reduce fruitless expenditures. The third key finding was that overall the WfW methods of clearing A. mearnsii were 95% effective with a 90% removal success. The last key finding was that initial clearing operations had a largely insignificant impact on indigenous plant biodiversity. It was recommended that post-clearing inspection of quality control is conducted more rigorously and that penalties be implemented to deter contract teams from cutting indigenous species.
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Nóbrega, João Pedro Machado. "OTC markets – clearing, settlement & custody analysis : a cost function estimation of central securities depositories (CSDs)." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/15148.

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Mestrado em Finanças
Este trabalho analisa a eficiência dos Sistemas Centralizados de Valores Mobiliários (Central Securities Depositories (CSDs)) em relação aos custos, na Europa. As CSDs são organizações financeiras especializadas na guarda de títulos até à sua data de liquidação. A abordagem adotada assenta na estimação de custos que permita comparar a eficiência das instituições em análise. Também é analisado o impacto do programa Target2 - Securities (estabelecido pelo BCE) e do regulamento CSDR concebido para estas instituições. O primeiro tem como objetivo contribuir para remoção de barreiras à eficiência de custos na liquidação entre mercados financeiros, e o último a promoção da segurança, eficácia e competitividade dos mercados financeiros da UE. Por último, procura-se saber se existem economias de escala para cada CSD, dependendo do seu tamanho e país.
This work is based on the analysis of cost efficiency on European Central Securities Depositories (CSD's). These financial institutions are experts on holding securities and clearing them until its settlement date. Our approach is focused on cost estimation, in order to compare the efficiency of each institutions analyzed. In addition, we examine the impact of ongoing Target2 - Securities program (by the ECB) as well as the impact of the CSDR regulation made for these institutions. The first is a new European securities settlement engine that aims to contribute for removing the barriers for poor cost efficiency on cross-border settlement between financial markets, and the latter aims to promote the safety, effectiveness and competitiveness of the EU financial markets. Furthermore, the main objective is to find out if economies of scale exists for each CSD, depending on its size and country.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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"银行卡跨境支付资金清算效率研究." Doctoral diss., 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.53534.

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abstract: 本论文研究的目的是针对银行卡跨境支付行为，根据不同的跨境支付渠道，结合资金清算的不同模式下的资金清算效率进行研究，并对现有清算系统内，运用理论和模型，对如何提高银行卡跨境资金清算进行阐述分析，力图在现有跨境资金清算金融设施的基础上，对银行卡跨境资金清算的流动性管理、头寸控制、增加清算周期等因素进行研究分析，进而尝试提出清算机制和流程的优化设计，以促进跨境资金提高周转效率，节约社会交易成本和持卡人资金成本。 论文将对相关银行卡跨境支付、清算基本流程、涉及的相关系统进行说明，并对全球和世界主要国家的银行卡市场进行介绍，结合我国银行卡跨境业务的现状、跨境支付清算涉及的主要环节、清算系统，通过不同层次、不同模型的分类比对，提出提高银行卡跨境支付资金清算的关键节点，并加以聚焦、深入测算、推导。研究的最终目的是期望通过对以上的分析，能够对银行卡资金清算参与主体对清算模式的选择、流动性节约、头寸管理等有所帮助，让清算主体能籍此对支付通道、清算模式、账户管理等选择上有所参考，促进卡组织（支付系统）籍此提高清算效率，从而降低整体交易和资金成本，提高支付行业整体资金资源的使用效率。
Dissertation/Thesis
Doctoral Dissertation Business Administration 2019
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Book chapters on the topic "Clearing efficiency"

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Ozenbas, Deniz, Michael S. Pagano, Robert A. Schwartz, and Bruce W. Weber. "Trading and Technology: An Information Systems Course Application." In Classroom Companion: Business, 71–86. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74817-3_4.

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AbstractFinancial markets today are highly computerized -- from software-driven order submission to price determination to straight-through clearing and settlement -- computer technology has displaced manual activities and streamlined functions throughout the trading value chain. The previous chapters examined microeconomic principles that underpin trading and price-setting, and finance theory that provides analytical frameworks for market outcomes. Our analysis introduces real market frictions and examines how transactions costs and heterogeneity among market participants makes market structure and tracing mechanism design crucial determinants of market outcomes and behavior. . In this chapter, we drill down further into the realities of a non-frictionless market in order to focus on how technology can enhance the efficiency of an actual marketplace. Challenging market design issues are encountered when developing and operating an actual trading facility, and as IT professionals know, the devil is in the details. The practical considerations in operating a market system successfully are the next topic this book addresses.
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Martin, Paul-Emile, Laurent Eisenlohr, Guy Bobillon, Pierrick Esnault, and C. Gardet. "Reuse of Solid Waste from the Clearing of Road Basins and Ditches in Civil Engineering: Environmental Characterization, Ways of Treatment and Their Efficiency." In Highway and Urban Environment, 187–95. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3043-6_21.

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Zakeri, Golbon, and Javad Khazaei. "Market Clearing Mechanisms for Efficiently Incorporating Renewable Energy and Mitigating CO2." In Handbook of CO₂ in Power Systems, 297–310. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27431-2_13.

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Shubik, Martin, and Eric Smith. "Supporting Attainable Solutions: Symmetry and Complexity in One-Period Exchange Mechanisms." In The Guidance of an Enterprise Economy. The MIT Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/9780262034630.003.0004.

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In this chapter we compare economies at the least-structured level of dynamics: market systems characterized by one-shot clearing and hence a single timescale for strategic choices. We choose that timescale to coincide with the social “day” that is the natural cycle of production and consumption. We compare different clearing mechanisms according to a number of structural properties that can be used as a measure of complexity. We use a measure of allocative efficiency to illustrate distortions from competitive equilibrium for each mechanism. Much of the importance of process analysis can be illustrated with a single dilemma: the meaning and determination of the value of the numéraire for exchange. This is explored here. Six market models are presented to illustrate the constraints on rational action from asymmetry of the market mechanism or from strategically ambiguous degrees of freedom. The models have sufficiently many shared features that they roughly represent successive stages in the elaboration of a few common ideas. These are laid out in the chapter.
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Madeleine, Yates. "Part VII International Securities, Including Markets and Clearing Systems, 19 International Settlement." In Financial Markets and Exchanges Law. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198827528.003.0019.

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This chapter provides an overview of “settlement” as the transfer of ownership or other interest in securities following the agreement to make such transfer in exchange for payment. It discusses settlement through a settlement system, which can only take place if the parties to the trade are members of the relevant settlement system or have arrangements with a system member that can procure settlement on their behalf. It also emphasizes the use of a settlement system that is generally regarded as giving the benefits of speed, efficiency, security, and finality advantages. This chapter talks about international central securities depositories (ICSD), which hold securities issued in a variety of different jurisdictions. It also highlights Clearstream and Euroclear as well—known examples of ICSDs.
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Diehl, Martin. "Financial Market Infrastructures." In Analyzing the Economics of Financial Market Infrastructures, 1–19. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-8745-5.ch001.

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Like a human being's backbone, well-functioning financial market infrastructures contribute to the stability of the financial system. They enable fast and smooth movements, channel relevant information, protect the channels for transmission and reduce risk. Problems in financial market infrastructures may lead to dysfunctions of financial markets, a lack of options for transaction and, therefore, to limited movability, misleading information or disturbed information channels and in the worst case to systemic risk. The chapter explains the role of financial market infrastructure within the wider definition of a financial system. Based on the historical emergence of payment systems, central clearing and central securities depositories, the special advantage of financial market infrastructures for the productivity of intermediaries, for the efficiency of financial markets and for the welfare of an economy is explained. The chapter shows the economic and analytical importance and specificity of financial market infrastructures.
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Nigam, Amita. "Analysis of Clearing Process Infrastructure in HDFC and SBI." In Handbook of Research on Strategic Business Infrastructure Development and Contemporary Issues in Finance, 383–96. IGI Global, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-5154-8.ch026.

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Clearing is the process of realization of proceeds of cheques drawn on other banks through intermediary RBI/SBI or any other bank that acts as a Clearing House. A clearing house established in any location helps in faster and efficient collection of the cheques. A few private banks have been authorized to run the clearing houses at few locations. HDFC Bank Ltd. is one such privileged private sector bank. The chapter analyzes the process set for clearing services in the HDFC and SBI. The study employs primary data collected through observation by spending time and watching people in the organization, though it has been supplemented by the secondary data as well. The results indicate the various types of clearing process present in HDFC Bank and SBI for providing better and fast services to their customers and set higher standards for performance. The bank is committed to increased use of technology to provide quick collection services to its customers. The banking sector, whether it is private or public sector banks, has immensely benefited from the implementation of superior technology during the recent past, which has given new shape to the nature of the services provided to customers. This chapter also compares the clearing-related banking services provided by HDFC and SBI on the basis of primary data collected through the questionnaire to provide the different aspects and drawbacks of services of the public sector bank (SBI) and private sector bank (HDFC).
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Gates, William R., and Mark E. Nissen. "Agent- and Web-Based Employment Marketspaces in the U.S. Department of Defense." In Encyclopedia of Information Science and Technology, First Edition, 74–80. IGI Global, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59140-553-5.ch015.

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Two modes of matching people with jobs prevail at present: hierarchical planning and distributed markets. Patterned after centrally planned (e.g., former Soviet-style) economies, hierarchical planning remains prevalent for matching job candidates to jobs internally within an organization. With evolving information technology, the internal job-matching process could be accomplished far more equitably and efficiently using Web-based markets. Intelligent agents offer excellent potential to help both employees and employers find one another in a distributed electronic marketspace. But realizing this potential goes well beyond simply changing the rules of internal job matching or making agent technology available to job searchers. Rather, the corresponding markets and technologies must be designed together to mutually accomplish the desired results (e.g., efficient and effective matching) and conform to necessary properties (e.g., market clearing, employer policies).
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Posada, Marta. "Emissions Permits Auctions." In Social Simulation, 180–91. IGI Global, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59904-522-1.ch014.

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In this chapter the authors demonstrate with three relevant issues that Agent Based Modeling (ABM) is very useful to design emissions permits auctions and to forecast emission permits prices. They argue that ABM offers a more efficient approach to auction design than the usual mechanistic models. The authors set up the essential components of any market institution far beyond supply and demand. They build an ABM for the emissions permits auction of the Environment Protection Agency (EPA), and demonstrate why the EPA failed. In the second experiment they show that in a competitive and efficient auction, the Continuous Double Auction, there is room for traders learning and strategic behavior, thus clearing the perfect market paradox. In the third experiment they build an ABM of the Spanish electricity market to get CO2 emissions prices forecasts that are more accurate than those obtained with econometric or mechanistic models.
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Dryzek, John S., Richard B. Norgaard, and David Schlosberg. "Actions that Promise and Practices that Fall Short." In Climate-Challenged Society. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199660100.003.0008.

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Almost all national governments now recognize the reality of climate change, and the need to respond. As should be clear from the previous chapter, the costs of inaction eventually become prohibitive. The repertoire of actions available to governments (and others) is substantial, and in this chapter we take a look at what can be done. Many actions ought to make a difference. Yet there prove to be formidable reasons why governments often do not adopt them; and when they do, policies that ought to work on paper are crafted and implemented in ways that render them less effective or even counterproductive. The reasons have a lot to do with the way powerful interests, dominant discourses, and political-economic systems are configured in today’s world. They have still more to do with the profound and novel challenge that climate change presents—driving home the need to contemplate bigger questions about how societies are organized, not just what governments and others should do. These larger questions receive our attention in subsequent chapters, but it is important to examine the repertoire of available actions, still needed in any reconfigured systems. Policy discussions often focus on major actions like a carbon tax or emissions trading scheme that would increase the cost of burning fossil fuel and so provide incentives to reduce its use, develop renewable technologies and, eventually, change lifestyles. But before rushing to design some optimal single instrument like this, we should think about all the other established practices and policies that make a difference, and that could be changed for the better. For example, coal mining is typically taxed lightly, but could be taxed more. In the US, homeowners can deduct mortgage interest from their taxable income, encouraging construction of large homes spaced further apart; that deduction could be focused on more efficient housing. Zoning laws could be changed to make urban landscapes more energy efficient and pedestrian friendly. Governments could redirect existing spending on research and development to cleaner energy. Further action possibilities include sequestration and long-term storage of carbon in forests and other biomass, and discouraging the release of carbon from plants resulting from land clearing.
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Conference papers on the topic "Clearing efficiency"

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Feng, Wei, Rui Shi, Chao Zhang, and Dan Zhu. "In vivo skin optical clearing efficiency of sucrose and fructose." In International Conference on Photonics and Imaging in Biology and Medicine. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/pibm.2017.w3a.22.

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Wu, Hao, Siqi Chen, Xiaoquan Yang, Jing Yuan, and Hui Gong. "Optical Clearing Technology Accelerates Imaging Efficiency of Wide-field Large-volume Tomography." In Bio-Optics: Design and Application. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/boda.2019.jt4a.6.

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Yanina, Irina Y., Johannes Schleusener, Jürgen Lademann, Valery V. Tuchin, and Maxim E. Darvin. "Confocal Raman microspectroscopy for evaluation of optical clearing efficiency of the skin ex vivo." In Dynamics and Fluctuations in Biomedical Photonics XVII, edited by Valery V. Tuchin, Martin J. Leahy, and Ruikang K. Wang. SPIE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2550352.

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Kozina, Alexandra M., Elina A. Genina, Georgy S. Terentyuk, Artem G. Terentyuk, Alexey N. Bashkatov, Valery V. Tuchin, and Boris N. Khlebtsov. "The development of skin immersion clearing method for increasing of laser exposure efficiency on subcutaneous objects." In SPIE Photonics Europe, edited by Jürgen Popp, Wolfgang Drexler, Valery V. Tuchin, and Dennis L. Matthews. SPIE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.922725.

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Töpper, Tino, Bekim Osmani, Samuel Lörcher, and Bert Müller. "Leakage current, self-clearing and actuation efficiency of nanometer-thin, low-voltage dielectric elastomer transducers tailored by thermal evaporation." In SPIE Smart Structures and Materials + Nondestructive Evaluation and Health Monitoring, edited by Yoseph Bar-Cohen. SPIE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2259897.

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Murray, Neil J., David J. Burt, Andrew D. Holland, Konstantin D. Stefanov, Jason P. D. Gow, Calum MacCormick, Ben J. Dryer, and Edgar A. H. Allanwood. "Multi-level parallel clocking of CCDs for: improving charge transfer efficiency, clearing persistence, clocked anti-blooming, and generating low-noise backgrounds for pumping." In SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications, edited by Howard A. MacEwen and James B. Breckinridge. SPIE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2024839.

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Cho, Seong-Rak, Kuk-Jin Kang, and Sungsu Lee. "The Resistance of Ice Breaking Ships Based on Model Tests." In SNAME 5th World Maritime Technology Conference. SNAME, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/wmtc-2015-125.

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The two most important tasks of ice breaking ships are first to secure a sailing route by breaking the thick sea ice and second to sail efficiently herself for purposes of exploration and transportation in the polar seas. The resistance of ice breaking ships is a priority factor at the preliminary design stage; not only must their sailing efficiency be satisfied, but the design of the propulsion system will be directly affected. Therefore, the performance of ice-breaking ships must be accurately calculated and evaluated through the use of model tests in an ice model basin before construction starts. In this paper, a new procedure is developed, based on model tests, to estimate a ship’s ice resistance during continuous icebreaking in level ice. Some of the factors associated with crushing failures are systematically considered in order to correctly estimate her ice-breaking resistance, while the effects of the hull geometry, as reflected in the length, breadth, and draft of ships, are considered in calculating buoyancy and clearing resistance. Multiple regression analysis is calculated with each ice resistance component. This study is intended to contribute to the improvement of the techniques for ice resistance prediction with ice breaking ships.
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Anamika and Niranjan Kumar. "Market Clearing Price prediction using ANN in Indian Electricity Markets." In 2016 International Conference on Energy Efficient Technologies for Sustainability (ICEETS). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iceets.2016.7583797.

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Chen, Xiaoxuan, Mingyang Yang, Kangyao Deng, and Yunlong Bai. "Numerical Analysis of a Centrifugal Fan for a Road Sweeper." In ASME 2017 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2017-69103.

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Road sweeper is the widely-employed machine to clear up garbage and dust on streets. Its performance has profound influence on the reduction of fuel consumption and hence CO2 emission. The key component of a road sweeper is a centrifugal fan which produces suction force for clearing. Therefore, the performance of this device has direct impact on fuel economy of the machine. This paper targets at the performance analysis of a centrifugal fan in a commercial road sweeper. Firstly, the performance and flow field of the centrifugal fan are analyzed by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. The breakdown of the flow loss in the fan shows that the volute and the impeller are major components contributing to flow loss in the fan. The flow at the inlet of the impeller is highly distorted due the interaction among the asymmetrical inlet duct, the leakage and the volute tongue. Because of the interaction, flow passages near the tongue are the ones with the highest flow loss. Moreover, the flow velocity entering the volute is considerably high which thus results in high flow loss in the volute. Finally, based on the flow field analysis, an inlet duct with round shape is designed preliminarily and simulated together with the centrifugal fan. The results show that the efficiency can be improved by more than 4% compared with the original configuration due to the alleviation of the interaction.
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Li, Guiye, Yingchao Li, Lina Liu, Ang Liu, Shuangchen Ruan, and Lingling Chen. "UbasM: a simple, rapid, efficient balanced optical clearing method for brain imaging." In Neural Imaging and Sensing 2018, edited by Qingming Luo and Jun Ding. SPIE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2283223.

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Reports on the topic "Clearing efficiency"

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Backhaus, Scott N., Michael Chertkov, Russell Whitford Bent, Daniel Bienstock, and Dvijotham Krishnamurthy. Efficient Synchronization Stability Metrics for Fault Clearing. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1170257.

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