Relevant bibliographies by topics / Cleft construction

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Cleft construction'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 10 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Cleft construction"

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Zhan, Fangqiong, and Elizabeth Closs Traugott. "The constructionalization of the Chinese cleft construction." Studies in Language 39, no. 2 (August 18, 2015): 459–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sl.39.2.06zha.

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This paper addresses the emergence and development of the Chinese cleft construction, with particular attention to the period from Early Archaic Chinese through Late Medieval Chinese. Prototype copulas are typically of the form [NP SHI NP], are predicational or specificational, and cue information focus. We trace the gradual development over time of copula clefts in addition to prototype copula constructions. A key factor in their development is the use in Medieval Chinese of nominalizations in post-copula position. Copula clefts typically have the form [NP SHI XP DE] and cue both specificational and contrastive meaning. The study is a contribution to the developing field of constructionalization by making more explicit the way in which individual constructional changes contribute sequentially to constructionalization. It also demonstrates one way in which a complex contrastive cleft construction may come into being.
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Weber, Elizabeth G. "The Bondei object pronoun in clefts and pseudo-clefts.pdf." Studies in African Linguistics 19, no. 2 (August 1, 1988): 233–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/sal.v19i2.107464.

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Verbs in Bondei, a Bantu language spoken in East Africa, have crossreferencing pronouns which agree in noun class with the subject and object of the clause. This paper will examine the distribution of the syntactic category object pronoun in four grammatical constructions: (a) basic affirmative declarative clauses; (b) relative clauses; (c) clefts; and (d) pseudo-clefts. In declarative and relative clauses, the presence of the object pronoun does not require a definite interpretation of the object noun; the absence of the object pronoun does not preclude a definite interpretation of the object noun. In both cleft and pseudo-cleft constructions, however, the object pronoun obligatorily functions to grammatically mark clef ted and pseudo-clef ted objects as definite. In the cleft constructions, the definiteness of the clef ted NP forces a contrastive interpretation. Thus, a judgement concerning the function of this grammatical construction with regard to contrastive function will be made on the basis of the distribution of the syntactic category object pronoun. possible to make the same judgment. Contrastive function is unambiguously signaled by the relative morphology on the verb of the pseudo-cleft. In this constuction, the object pronoun serves only to force a definite interpretation of the NP. In the pseudo-cleft constructions, it is not possible to make the same judgment. Contrastive function is unambiguously signaled by the relative morphology on the verb of the pseudo-cleft. In this constuction, the object pronoun serves only to force a definite interpretation of the NP.
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Creissels, Denis. "Remarks on the grammaticalization of identificational clefts." Faits de Langues 52, no. 1 (July 23, 2021): 13–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/19589514-05201002.

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Abstract Identificational clefts dissociate the assertion of the exclusive identification of a participant in an event from the rest of the information about the event. In all languages, this can be achieved by combining equative predication and participant nominalization, but in the evolution of languages, the routinization of such a construction as the usual way of expressing participant focalization may result in its grammaticalization as a specific type of construction. After proposing to reformulate the usual distinction between ‘pseudo-clefts’ and ‘clefts’ as a distinction between ‘plain clefts’ and ‘grammaticalized clefts’, this article discusses successively the relationship between cleft constructions and the notion of subordination, the changes that may convert plain clefts into grammaticalized clefts, the emergence of focus markers from cleft constructions, semantic aspects of the evolution of clefts, and the trend towards monoclausality in the evolution of clefts.
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Collins, Peter. "Cleft and pseudo-cleft constructions." Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 12, no. 2 (January 1, 1989): 89–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aral.12.2.06col.

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Abstract This paper reports findings from a study of clefts and pseudo-clefts in two standard corpora of English, one spoken and one written. The distributional patterns of the constructions across the various genres of the two corpora are explored, and explanations offered in terms of their distinctive communicative functions. Pseudo-clefts, which were considerably more popular in the spoken genres than in the written, attach special status to given information, presented in the form of a subordinate clause which is at the same time presupposed and, in the unmarked construction, thematic. Clefts, which were marginally more frequent in the written genres, are oriented towards newness. In both unmarked clefts and one type of marked cleft new information is highlighted via thematic predication.
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Palancar, Enrique L. "Biclausal vs. monoclausal focus constructions in Tilapa Otomi." Faits de Langues 52, no. 1 (July 23, 2021): 139–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/19589514-05201007.

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Abstract This paper tackles issues that involve distinguishing clefts from other monoclausal focus constructions when describing the syntax of lesser-known languages. I concentrate on Tilapa Otomi, which is, morphologically speaking, the most conservative language of the Otomi family from Mexico (Oto-Pamean; Oto-Manguean). I propose that Tilapa Otomi has (at least) two specialized focus constructions: one that is a biclausal, and which I analyze as a cleft construction, and another that is monoclausal, and it is thus not a cleft but which could be superficially mistaken to be a cleft with a zero copula. I use various syntactic tests to distinguish both constructions, which mainly involve word order and negation.
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Latrouite, Anja. "Specification predication: Unexpectedness and cleft constructions in Tagalog." Faits de Langues 52, no. 1 (July 23, 2021): 227–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/19589514-05201011.

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Abstract English exhibits a large number of cleft constructions. Out of these constructions, the English it-cleft construction, which may express more than one information-structural packaging (Declerck 1988), is often taken to translate syntactically rather different constructions in other languages. In this paper, I will explore the morphosyntactic make-up and functional range of a construction in Tagalog that is often equated with, or translated by, but vastly more frequent, than the English it-cleft in our corpus. In a first step, the notion of cleft construction will be reviewed and critically investigated with respect to how appropriate it is for a language like Tagalog. In a second step, the discourse function of the ang-inversion construction in contrast to the English cleft constructions is explored on the basis of examples taken from the Tagalog version of the trilogy The Hunger Games Trilogy (Collins, 2008-2010; translated into Tagalog by Janis de los Reyes, 2012). A crucial goal is to gain a better understanding of those cases, in which the Tagalog ang-construction is used, but the English cleft construction is ruled out or at least dispreferred.
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Van Valin, Robert D. "An unusual cleft construction in Lakhota (Siouan, North America)." Faits de Langues 52, no. 1 (July 23, 2021): 255–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/19589514-05201012.

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Abstract This paper investigates a construction in Lakhota (Siouan, North America) to ascertain whether it has the properties of a cleft construction. The construction in question is marked by čha, a word-form that has numerous functions in the grammar. It is shown that the čha-construction in question has the properties of a cleft construction, even though the distribution of the focussed and presupposed material is the opposite of that in the usual cleft constructions. It is suggested that it is an inverted cleft construction.
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Herget Christensen, Marie. "Sætningskløvninger koder fokus og non-fokus i dansk." Ny forskning i grammatik, no. 26 (September 18, 2019): 54–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/nfg.v0i26.115993.

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It is a central claim in most Danish grammars that the Danish cleft construction encodes the clefted constituent with the function focus and that other sentence types do not have any grammatical focus encoding. This article will argue that not only does clefts encode focus, the construction also encodes the other part of the cleft – the cleft clause – with the anti-function of focus, non-focus. Further it will argue that while non-clefted sentence do not encode focus, they do encode both potential focus in one part and anti-focus in another part of the sentence. Thus, the article will show that focus structure in Danish consists of four different encodings making focus structure coding relevant for all sentence types in Danish.
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Ennaji, Moha, and Fatima Sadiqi. "The Syntax of Cleft Sentences in Berber." Studies in Language 10, no. 1 (January 1, 1986): 53–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sl.10.1.04enn.

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This paper claims that the cleft sentence in Berber has many interesting aspects of both the simple and the complex sentences; however, this construction seems to derive from the basic simple sentence rather than from the complex sentence, since it involves just one main verb and behaves like an S, and not like an NP. The pragmatic implications of the cleft sentence reveal that the clefted constituents are generally contrasted with other constituents of the same structural status in some previous discourse. It is also argued that a WH-movement analysis of the cleft construction is intuitively plausible since clefting involves constituents being moved to the initial position of the sentence. The aim of this paper is to give a syntactic description of the cleft sentence in Berber.1 The reason for undertaking this study is that clefts in Berber pose interesting problems in terms of their structural possibilities, their pragmatic effect and their possible derivation.
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Ahlemeyer, Birgit, and Inga Kohlhof. "Bridging the Cleft." Languages in Contrast 2, no. 1 (December 31, 1999): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lic.2.1.03ahl.

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Using real translation data, this paper examines the facts and reasons underlying the various translations of English it-clefts into German. Corpora of translated English-German texts reveal that only about a third of English it-clefts (or less, depending on text type) are translated with the German equivalent, a Spaltsatz. This may in part be due to differences in the restrictions the two languages place on the focused XP with regard to both grammatical function and category. Against this background we look at the different structures that German uses to render the English it-cleft. It is notable that even where the German Spaltsatz is a grammatically possible translation, other structures are frequently employed instead. This shows that factors such as the discoursefunction (s) of cleft sentences also play a decisive role in selecting stylistically well-formed translations. After a thorough study and analysis of a small sample of translated it-clefts (English-German) in their contexts, we propose the following hypothesis: The main discourse function of English it-clefts — the focusing of an XP element — may not only be translated into German with a Spaltsatz, but can also be presented adequately by introducing specific word orders, focusing particles, or both. In this way, the often cumbersome German cleft construction is dropped in favor of mono clausal sentences.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cleft construction"

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Patten, Amanda L. "Cleft sentences, construction grammar and grammaticalization." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/27175.

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This thesis examines the structure and function of the English it-cleft configuration within the framework of construction grammar. My analysis begins with the claim that it-clefts are a subtype of specificational copular sentence. After identifying problems with previous accounts, I outline my own, original analysis of specificational NP be NP sentences. I argue that specificational meaning involves an asymmetric predication relation and is dependent upon the inherent semantics of definite noun phrases (rather than syntactic movement). I treat nominal predication set theoretically, as a semantic relation between members and sets. I claim that specificational meaning is brought about by a reinterpretation of the class-membership relation involving definite NP predicates, whereby the referent is identified as the unique member of a restricted and existentially presupposed set. As a member of the family of specificational copular sentences, the it-cleft inherits properties from the more basic construction. From this, it follows that it-clefts should also involve a nominal predication relation, containing a definite NP predicate. This leads me to argue in favour of a non-derivational extraposition-from-NP analysis of it-clefts, in which the pronoun it and the cleft clause (analysed here as a restrictive relative) function together as a discontinuous definite description. My analysis improves on similar accounts of this type in two ways. First, since my analysis explains the role that definite descriptions play in the creation of specificational meaning, I am able to explain, rather than simply identify, the numerous similarities between it-clefts and definite noun phrases. Second, my analysis of specificational sentences as involving a nominal predication relation allows for a straightforward account of the relationship between specificational and predicational it-clefts. The thesis also examines the historical development of the it-cleft construction. I show that (a) much of the it-cleft's structure is reminiscent of an earlier stage of the language and (b) the construction has become increasingly schematic and productive over time, sanctioning instances which override inheritance from the more basic specificational schema. In this way, the historical evidence provides an explanation for the it-cleft's idiosyncratic properties. Together, my synchronic and diachronic analyses add up to a maximally explanatory account of the it-cleft construction.
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Pavey, Emma Louise. "The English it-cleft construction : a role and reference grammar analysis." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.404205.

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Piotrowski, Jennifer A. "Information Structure of Clefts in Spoken English." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/10024.

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xiii, 92 p. : ill. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number.
Towards a more complete description of cleft constructions, this thesis comprises an investigation of the prosody, syntax, and information structure of IT clefts, REVERSE WH clefts, and existential THERE clefts in Spoken English. Cleft constructions were extracted from the Santa Barbara Corpus of Spoken American English on the basis of syntactic characteristics, and empirical methods were developed for evaluating clefts with respect to prosody and information structure factors. Native speaker-hearer judgments about cleft constructions in authentic spoken language were gathered to provide a basis for operational definitions of PROSODIC PROMINENCE, GIVENNESS, NEWNESS, CONTRASTIVENESS, and levels of contextual RELEVANCE. While cleft constructions have conventionally been discussed as contrastive focusing devices, the current study provides empirical evidence for a more complex view of clefts. Added to past corpus studies, this thesis shows that English cleft constructions exhibit a broader range of subtypes and functions than captured by traditional accounts.
Committee in Charge: Dr. Doris L. Payne; Dr. Melissa A. Redford
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Delin, Judith Lesley. "Cleft constructions in discourse." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/6599.

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This thesis presents an analysis of the structure and function of cleft constructions in discourse. Drawing on a corpus of naturally-occurring spoken and written data, we present a multi-layered explanation of how it-clefts, wh-clefts, and reverse wh-clefts are different from non-clefts, and from one another. After a review of previous research on clefts in discourse, we explore the aspects of syntax, semantics, and pragmatics relevant to the structure and function of all three types of cleft. The discussion falls into three main parts: An analysis of the three cleft types, within the framework of Generalized Phrase Structure Grammar (cf. Gazdar et al. [1985]), in which particular attention is paid to the variety of constituents that can appear in particular positions in each type. The output of the grammar rules is compared to the examples that occur in the corpus of data. A treatment of cleft presupposition in terms of an analogy (suggested by van der Sandt [1988]) between presupposition and the treatment of pronominal anaphora in Kamp's [1981] Discourse Representation Theory An examination of the range of accentual patterns, presuppositional relations, and information structures typically appearing in clefts of all three kinds. We show that marked distinctions exist between the three cleft types in terms of all these factors, and suggest ways in which this helps to differentiate the range of discourse contexts in which clefts in general, and each cleft type in particular, are appropriate. At the end of the thesis we point to an analogy between the formal model for clefts presented and a psychological model of sentence processing We also suggest how the conclusions regarding both the structure and function of clefts as a class of construction and the distinction between the three types of cleft could be synthesised in a decision procedure for syntactic choice. Finally, we suggest some related areas for further research.
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Kizu, Mika. "Unbounded dependencies in cleft constructions." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ64589.pdf.

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Cottell, M. Siobhan. "The comparative syntax of cleft constructions." Thesis, Bangor University, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.396032.

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Seraku, Tohru. "Clefts, relatives, and language dynamics : the case of Japanese." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:0448acc3-dee6-4b1b-9020-95fd84895f24.

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The goal of this thesis is to develop a grammar model of Japanese within the framework of Dynamic Syntax (Cann et al. 2005, Kempson et al. 2001), with special reference to constructions that involve the nominaliser no: clefts and certain kinds of relatives. The more general theoretical position which it aims to defend is that an account of these constructions in terms of ‘language dynamics’ is preferable to other ‘static’ approaches currently available. What is here meant by ‘language dynamics,’ in a nutshell, is the time-linear processing of a string and attendant growth of an interpretation. First, I shall motivate, and articulate, an integrated account of the two types of no- nominalisation. These two classes are uniformly modelled as an outcome of incremental semantic-tree growth. The analysis is corroborated by naturally-occurring data extracted from the Corpus of Spontaneous Japanese (CSJ). Moreover, novel data with regard to coordination are accounted for without losing uniformity. Second, the composite entry of no and the topic marker wa handles the two types of clefts uniformly. This account fits well with the CSJ findings. New data concerning case-marking of foci are explained in terms of whether an unfixed relation in a semantic tree is resolvable in incremental processing. The account also solves the island-puzzle without abandoning uniformity. As a further confirmation, the analysis is extendable to stripping/sluicing, making some novel predictions on case-marking patterns. Third, the entry of no characterises free relatives and change relatives in a unitary manner. Furthermore, the composite entry of no and a case particle predicts a vast range of properties of head-internal relatives, including new data (e.g., negation in the relative clause, locality restriction on the Relevancy Condition). In sum, the thesis presents a realistic, integrated, and empirically preferable model of Japanese. Some consequences stand out. The various new data reported are beneficial theory-neutrally. Formal aspects of Dynamic Syntax are advanced. The insights brought by a language dynamics account challenge the standard, static conception of grammar.
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Kügler, Frank, Stavros Skopeteas, and Elisabeth Verhoeven. "Encoding information structure in Yucatec Maya : on the interplay of prosody and syntax." Universität Potsdam, 2007. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2008/1946/.

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The aim of this paper is to outline the means for encoding information structure in Yucatec Maya. Yucatec Maya is a tone language, displaying a three-fold opposition in the tonal realization of syllables. From the morpho-syntactic point of view, the grammar of Yucatec Maya contains morphological (topic affixes, morphological marking of out-of-focus predicates) and syntactic (designated positions) means to uniquely specify syntactic constructions for their information structure. After a descriptive overview of these phenomena, we present experimental evidence which reveals the impact of the nonavailability of prosodic alternatives on the choice of syntactic constructions in language production.
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Sarr, Augustin. "Protocoles d'échanges de clefs authentifiés : modèles de sécurité, analyses et constructions." Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00532638.

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Une part importante des protocoles d'échange de clefs proposés se sont révélés vulnérables lorsqu'analysés au regard des définitions de sécurité les plus récentes. Les arguments de sécurité des protocoles récents sont généralement fournis avec les modèles de sécurités dits de Canetti–Krawczyk (CK) et Canetti–Krawczyk étendus (eCK). Nous montrons que ces définitions de sécurité présentent des subtilités qui font que certaines attaques, qui peuvent être menées en pratique, ne sont pas considérées dans les analyses de sécurité. Nous proposons une forte définition de sécurité, qui englobe le modèle eCK. Nous proposons une analyse complémentaire des schémas de signature XCR (“Exponential Challenge Response”) et DCR (“Dual exponential Challenge Response”), qui sont les briques du protocole HMQV. Sur la base de cette analyse, nous montrons la vulnérabilités des protocoles (C, H)MQV(–C) aux fuites d'informations spécifiques à une session. Nous montrons notamment que lorsqu'un attaquant accède à certaines informations de session, qui ne conduisent pas à une divulgation de la clef statique du détenteur de la session, il peut réussir une attaque par usurpation d'identité. Nous proposons les schémas de signature FXCR (“Full XCR”) et FDCR (“Full DCR”) à partir desquels nous construisons les protocoles FHMQV (“Fully Hashed MQV”) et SMQV (“Strengthened MQV”) qui préservent la performance remarquable des protocole (H)MQV, en plus d'une meilleure résistance aux fuites d'informations. Les protocoles FHMQV et SMQV sont particulièrement adaptés aux environnements dans lesquels une machine non digne de confiance est combinée avec un module matériel à faible capacité de calcul et résistant aux violations de sécurité. Dans un tel environnement, les opérations effectuées sur le module matériel hors temps mort se réduisent à des opérations peu coûteuses. Les protocoles FHMQV et SMQV satisfont notre définition de sécurité sous les hypothèses de l'oracle aléatoire et du problème échelon de Diffie-Hellman.
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Finiasz, Matthieu. "Nouvelles constructions utilisant des codes correcteurs d'erreurs en cryptographie à clef publique." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EPXX0033.

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Books on the topic "Cleft construction"

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Cleft and pseudo-cleft constructions in English. London: Routledge, 1991.

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Kizu, Mika. Cleft Constructions in Japanese Syntax. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230503618.

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Cleft constructions in Japanese syntax. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005.

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Cesare, Anna-Maria, ed. Frequency, Forms and Functions of Cleft Constructions in Romance and Germanic. Berlin, München, Boston: DE GRUYTER, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110361872.

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The English it-cleft: A constructional account and a diachronic investigation. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton, 2012.

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Higgins, F. R. Pseudo-Cleft Construction in English. Taylor & Francis Group, 2017.

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Pseudo-Cleft Construction in English. Taylor & Francis Group, 2015.

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Higgins, F. R. The Pseudo-Cleft Construction in English. Routledge, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315693545.

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Pavey, Emma Louise. The English it-cleft construction: A role and reference grammar analysis. 2004.

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Cleft and Pseudo-Cleft Constructions in English. Taylor & Francis Group, 2015.

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Book chapters on the topic "Cleft construction"

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Patten, Amanda L. "Grammaticalization and the it-cleft construction." In Gradience, Gradualness and Grammaticalization, 221–43. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/tsl.90.12pat.

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Kiss, Katalin É. "The English Cleft Construction as a Focus Phrase." In Boundaries of Morphology and Syntax, 217. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cilt.180.14kis.

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Madhavan, Punnapurath. "Multiple Wh-questions and the cleft construction in Malayalam." In Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today, 269–84. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/la.208.10mad.

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Johansson, Christine. "11. The use of the it-cleft construction in 19th-century English." In Studies in Corpus Linguistics, 243–65. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/scl.31.15joh.

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Cesare, Anna-Maria De. "15. Cleft constructions." In Manual of Romance Morphosyntax and Syntax, edited by Andreas Dufter and Elisabeth Stark, 536–68. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110377088-015.

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Kizu, Mika. "Topicalization and Cleft Constructions." In Cleft Constructions in Japanese Syntax, 9–56. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230503618_2.

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Kizu, Mika. "Nominalizations in Cleft Constructions." In Cleft Constructions in Japanese Syntax, 57–99. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230503618_3.

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Kizu, Mika. "Ellipsis in Cleft Constructions." In Cleft Constructions in Japanese Syntax, 159–203. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230503618_5.

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Kizu, Mika. "Introduction." In Cleft Constructions in Japanese Syntax, 1–8. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230503618_1.

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Kizu, Mika. "Resumptive A’-Dependencies." In Cleft Constructions in Japanese Syntax, 101–57. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230503618_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Cleft construction"

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Mastachi-Torres, Ricardo. "An ultrasound device for bacterial elimination in the mouth of patients with cleft palate: design and prototype construction." In The 16th LACCEI International Multi-Conference for Engineering, Education, and Technology: “Innovation in Education and Inclusion”. Latin American and Caribbean Consortium of Engineering Institutions, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18687/laccei2018.1.1.316.

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Delin, J. L. "A multi-level account of cleft constructions in discourse." In the 13th conference. Morristown, NJ, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.3115/997939.997954.

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