Academic literature on the topic '"Click and Collect"'
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Journal articles on the topic ""Click and Collect""
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Hofmann, Janine. "Click & Collect 2.0." Lebensmittel Zeitung 74, no. 5 (2022): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.51202/0947-7527-2022-5-035.
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Ware online bestellen und bereits nach einer Stunde in einem externen Service-Center abholen: Das ist im modernisierten Globus-Baumarkt im saarländischen Losheim möglich. Auch bei der Energiegewinnung setzt der Markt neue Maßstäbe. Janine Hofmann
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Davies, Alec, Les Dolega, and Daniel Arribas-Bel. "Buy online collect in-store: exploring grocery click&collect using a national case study." International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management 47, no. 3 (2019): 278–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijrdm-01-2018-0025.
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Purpose Twenty-first century online retailing has reshaped the retail landscape. Grocery shopping is emerging as the next fastest growing category in online retailing in the UK, having implications for the channels we use to purchase goods. Using Sainsbury’s data, the authors create a bespoke set of grocery click&collect catchments. The resultant catchments allow an investigation of performance within the emerging channel of grocery click&collect. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach The spatial interaction method of “Huff gravity modeling” is applied in a semi-automated approach, used to calculate grocery click&collect catchments for 95 Sainsbury’s stores in England. The catchments allow investigation of the spatial variation and particularly rural-urban differences. Store and catchment characteristics are extracted and explored using ordinary least squares regression applied to investigate “demand per day” (a confidentiality transformed revenue value) as a function of competition, performance and geodemographic factors. Findings The findings show that rural stores exhibit a larger catchment extent for grocery click&collect when compared with urban stores. Linear regression finds store characteristics as having the greatest impact on demand per day, adhering to wider retail competition literature. Conclusions display a need for further investigation (e.g. quantifying loyalty). Originality/value New insights are contributed at a national level for grocery click&collect, as well as e-commerce, multichannel shopping and retail geography. Areas for further investigation are identified, particularly quantitatively capturing brand loyalty. The research has commercial impact as the catchments are being applied by Sainsbury’s to decide the next 100 stores and plan for the next five years of their grocery click&collect offering.
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Jara, Magali, Dany Vyt, Olivier Mevel, Thierry Morvan, and Nelida Morvan. "Measuring customers benefits of click and collect." Journal of Services Marketing 32, no. 4 (2018): 430–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsm-05-2017-0158.
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PurposeClick and collect (or grocery pickup) represents a growing part of the channel strategy of traditional off-line retailers. The aim of this study is to understand how customers develop their perceptions toward this new channel. In other words, what are the key factors explaining the long-term value creation for each “click and collect” system depending on consumers’ profiles?Design/methodology/approachOn the basis of a quantitative survey of 479 respondents, this research uses confirmatory analyses based on the partial least square path modeling.FindingsBased on the structural model, the study finds that the customers’ relations, website and pickup station are the most important factors creating value for customers whatever the internet grocery shopping model. The global conceptual model has been implemented under many variations to test the age effect and the kind of click and collect model. It is made evident that customers’ benefits vary regarding the kind of click and collect model and the age of customers.Research limitations/implicationsThis research allows a better understanding of the performance of the click and collect system by looking at the key factors that maximize the customers’ value and those that decrease it. Results precisely show variations of those factors according to the customer’s profile and the click and collect model.Originality/valueThis quantitative paper studies customer behaviors toward their usual retailer and their relationship with them. To do so, segmented approaches of the causal model are retained to provide specific recommendations.
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Milioti, Christina, Katerina Pramatari, and Ioanna Kelepouri. "Modelling consumers’ acceptance for the click and collect service." Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services 56 (September 2020): 102149. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2020.102149.
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Fowler, Cynthia G., Christopher D. Bauch, and Wayne O. Olsen. "Diagnostic Implications of Stimulus Polarity Effects on the Auditory Brainstem Response." Journal of the American Academy of Audiology 13, no. 02 (2002): 072–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1715950.
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The purpose of this study was to determine whether clicks presented in rarefaction or condensation modes produce more accurate diaghostic information. Subjects were 20 consecutive patients who were seen at the Mayo Clinic for unilateral acoustic neuromas. The nontumor ear served as a control to minimize intersubject variability in the latencies. A standard audio logic evaluation was followed by an auditory brainstem response (ABR) test for which the stimuli were rarefaction and condensation clicks. Responses were analyzed for the presence of waves I, III, and V; absolute latencies of waves I, III, and V; interpeak intervals I–III, III–V, and I–V; and interaurallatency difference for wave V. The results indicated that measures from both polarities were similar in this set of patients and that neither click polarity provided diagnostic advantages over the other. Recommendations are to collect ABRs to both click polarities individually to obtain the full complement of waves on which to base the diagnostic impression.
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Hadi Mohamad, Abdul, Anis Athirah Hamzah, Ramona Ramli, and M. Fathullah. "E-Commerce Beyond the Pandemic Coronavirus: Click and Collect Food Ordering." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 864 (July 10, 2020): 012049. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/864/1/012049.
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Wieland, Thomas. "Auf dem Weg zur digitalen Nahversorgung? Determinanten des Einkaufsverhaltens im Multi-Channel-Kontext am Fallbeispiel des Lebensmitteleinzelhandels." Raumforschung und Raumordnung | Spatial Research and Planning 79, no. 2 (2021): 116–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.14512/rur.53.
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Die Multi- bzw. Cross-Channel-Einbindung des deutschen Lebensmitteleinzelhandels zeigt sich an der Etablierung online-gestützter Lieferdienste und dem Angebot des click-and-collect-Services durch bestehende Verbrauchermärkte. Vor diesem Hintergrund stellt sich die Frage, inwiefern der Lebensmittelonlinehandel bzw. Cross-Channeling im stationären Handel eine Ergänzung bisheriger Vertriebswege in der Nahversorgung darstellen können. Dieser Beitrag untersucht die wichtigsten Determinanten des räumlichen Einkaufsverhaltens im Lebensmitteleinzelhandel, wobei insbesondere geprüft wird, ob Lebensmittelmärkte von der click-and-collect-Option profitieren können und welche Faktoren die Einkaufsstättenwahl bedingen, wenn sowohl stationäre als auch Online-Anbieter zur Verfügung stehen. Als empirischer Zugang zur Beantwortung dieser Forschungsfragen fungiert die durch ein mikroökonometrisches Modell der Einkaufsstättenwahl (Hurdle-Modell) vorgenommene Analyse repräsentativer Konsumentenbefragungen in zwei deutschen Regionen (Südniedersachsen, Region Mittlerer Oberrhein). Es zeigt sich, dass der Lebensmittelonlinehandel nur eine sehr geringe Relevanz hat und das click-and-collect-Angebot keinen Einfluss auf die Kundenanziehungskraft von Verbrauchermärkten hat. Die Wahrscheinlichkeit des Lebensmittel-Onlinekaufs wird vorrangig durch psychographische Merkmale der Konsumenten erklärt. Im direkten Vergleich erweisen sich raumbezogene Transaktionskosten (Fahrtzeit, Versandkosten) als wichtige Determinanten der Einkaufsstätten- bzw. Kanalwahl.
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Marouseau, Gilles. "Le Click and Collect : La logistique participative du client dans les drive." Logistique & Management 21, no. 3 (2013): 31–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/12507970.2013.11517023.
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Hofmann, Janine. "Bünting will aus Filialen heraus liefern." Lebensmittel Zeitung 74, no. 6 (2022): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.51202/0947-7527-2022-6-006-1.
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Rennack, Sebastian, and Manfred Stockburger. "Kaufland baut Abholservice aus." Lebensmittel Zeitung 73, no. 20 (2021): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.51202/0947-7527-2021-20-006-3.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic ""Click and Collect""
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Dahl, Sebastian, and Daniar Hamajalal. "Click & collect: En studie kring COVID-19 och dess påverkan i fysiska butiker : En kvalitativ studie angående hur COVID-19 har påverkat fysiska butiker och dess click & collect." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Företagsekonomi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-46029.
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Due to COVID-19 the authors of the following study aim to examine how COVID-19 has affected society by studying its impact on grocery stores. The following study is based on a case study design where a total of four respondents have participated. All respondents are store managers and they have all been interviewed regarding questions that emphasise COVID-19 and its effect on their business, as well as how click & collect has played a role during COVID-19. The following study has used a qualitative research strategy with intentions to generate qualitative interviews that will underpin the result of the study. In order to answer the thesis, an issue was formulated that reads as follows: How and why has restrictions in physical stores during COVID-19 affected store managers in grocery stores and their sales through click & collect? In order to answer the issue that the study has presented, the study has been delimited to stores that are based in Stockholm. Furthermore it shall be said that the respondents who have participated in the study did so with the intention to remain anonymous. The conclusion of the study showed that click & collect has had an impact on grocery stores during COVID-19 due to the fact that store purchases have increased through the shopping channel. Furthermore the study presented that a new state of normality due to COVID-19 has occurred which benefits sales through click & collect. Finally the study has also shown that a synergy between the grocery stores physical and digital sales channels have occurred which benefits click & collect.
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Bild, Kajsa, and Elin Erlandsson. ""Time to explore Return In-store" : En studie om företag och kunders syn på returalternativet "Return In-store"." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för marknadsföring (MF), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-76111.
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Syfte Syftet är att undersöka hur detaljhandelsföretag inom modebranschen och dess kunder ser på “Return In-store” som ett returalternativ och även klargöra den miljöproblematik som finns relaterat till returer. Metod Denna studie är utförd med en kvalitativ forskningsmetod. Studien behandlar två perspektiv och undersöker problemet från företag och kunders synvinkel. Det empiriska materialet utgörs av den anledningen av fem personliga intervjuer med butikschefer inom detaljhandeln och två fokusgrupper med kunder. Slutsatser Studiens resultat visar att detaljhandelsföretag och kunder inom modebranschen anser att returalternativet “Return In-store” är det bästa alternativet vid returnering av varor köpta online. Kunder föredrar en generös returpolicy och ”Return In-store” är ett exempel på hur företag implementerar en sådan policy. Möjligheten att returnera en vara som köpts online i fysiska butiker reducerar även de orosmoment som annars kan uppstå för kunder vid returnering av varor. Företag gynnas framförallt av att ”Return In-store” driver fler kunder till butiken vilket ökar möjligheten till merförsäljning. Det främsta problemet med ”Return In-store” är att de butiker som erbjuder ”Click and Collect” inte är rustade för att hantera en stor mängd av sådana varor som beställs och lämnas tillbaka till butikerna. En avgörande del i hur stor miljöpåverkan ”Return In-store” har är de konsumentresor som uppstår.Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine how retailers in the fashion industry and its customers view “Return In-store” as a return option and also clarify the environmental issues related to returns. Method Our study is based on a qualitative research method. The study takes both companies and customers point of view in consideration. Therefore, the empirical material consists of five personal interviews with retail managers and two focus groups with customers. Conclusions The result of our study shows that retailers and customers within the fashion industry regard “Return In-store” as the number one alternative when returning products bought online. Customers prefer a generous return policy which “Return In-store” is an example of. The ability to return online products in physical stores reduces some of the concerns that otherwise can occur when returning products in other ways. Retailers benefit from “Return In-store” since it increases the customer flow to the physical stores, which can generate additional sales. The foremost problem with “Return In-store” is that those stores that offer “Click and Collect” can’t handle a too high amount of products originated from e-commerce. A crucial part in the environmental impact of “Return In-store” is the consumer travels that occur when returning a product.
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Estberg, Joel, and Daniel Poznic. "TQM inom livsmedelsindustrin : Chefernas egna uppfattningar kring förändringar och reformer." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Företagsekonomi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-45654.
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In today's society, it is of great interest to constantly streamline and improve yourorganization for the better. How to do this, however, is not obvious and there are usually anumber of solutions, ideas and recipes that claim to solve various problems. When we in Sweden in the 90's started to focus more and more on quality - with the quality movement that started in the western world called TQM (total quality management) - both regarding the produce of our goods and services as well as how we organize ourselves, we think it isinteresting to study how managers themselves experience these organizational changes. The study is based on Rövik's theories of administrative reforms. The analysis of the empirics was conducted through the two perspectives that are presented by Rövik; the symbolic perspective and the tool perspective. TQM is represented in this study by Self-Control, Quality Certification and Click and Collect. The purpose of this study is to examine how store managers in the food industry themselves view TQM reforms that they have been involved in and if any of these recipes are loosely linked. The study uses a qualitative research strategy by interviewing a total of three respondents from both Coop and Ica. The respondents' reasoning could most easily be understood from a symbolic perspective, and the results also showed a difference in freedom of action and loosely linked recipes. Coop tends to loosely link these recipes to a greater extent compared to Ica. Nevertheless, both Self-Control as well as the Quality Certification can be best understood with a symbolic perspective as they, quite forcefully, offer meaning and legitimacy to organisations, rather than a voluntary solution to a, already defined, quality related issue within the organisations.
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Kayhan, Erhan, and Leo Rönnbäck. "Dynamics in the Swedish Grocery Retail Industry : The current landscape, challenges and levers in distribution for Swedish grocery retailers." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-264217.
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There is a significant transformation taking place in today’s retail landscape with the increasing adoption of digital technologies in society. Customers are finding new purchasing habits and retailers are exploring different channels to serve customers in. Observations indicate that the industry is heading towards an omni-channel landscape where retailers aim to provide customers with a unified shopping experience across channels and touchpoints as e-commerce rapidly penetrates the market. Currently, all growth for durable goods is attributable to online sales in Sweden, yet Swedish online grocery retailing has been lagging and still only constitute 2 percent of the total market share. A qualitative study was conducted to map out the challenges and levers for Swedish grocery retailers in distribution . Semi-structured interviews were carried out with 18 store managers from the three largest grocery store chains in Sweden. The study elicits a framework for firm controlled factors which define customer experience: price, promotion, merchandise, supply chain and location.Det sker en betydande omvandling i dagens detaljhandelslandskap. Konsumenter hittar nya köpvanor och återförsäljare undersöker olika kanaler för att betjäna kunder i. Iakttagelser indikerar att branschen är på väg mot ett omni-kanal landskap där återförsäljare söker att ge kunderna en enhetlig shoppingupplevelse genom alla försäljningskanaler. Idag är all tillväxt för sällanköpsvaror hänförlig till onlineförsäljning i Sverige, men den svenska dagligvaruhandeln på nätet har legat efter och utgör fortfarande bara 2 procent av den totala marknadsandelen. En kvalitativ studie genomfördes för att kartlägga utmaningar och möjligheter i distribution för svenska dagligvaruhandlare. Semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes med 18 butikschefer från de tre största livsmedelskedjorna i Sverige. Studien använder ett ramverk som kapslar in faktorer som kan kontrolleras av företaget och som tillsammans formar kundupplevelsen: pris, kampanjer, sortiment, logistikkedja och plats.
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Ávila, Quilcat María Elizabeth, and Mendez Karla Yessenia Quispe. "Uso del Click & Collect y el Delivery y su relación con la satisfacción en la compra online de la categoría ropa en mujeres de los NSE A, B y C en Lima Metropolitana." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/653524.
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Click and Collect; Delivery; precio; canales de distribución; satisfacción del cliente; retailing; ropa; marketing
Click and Collect; Delivery; price; distribution channels; customer satisfaction; retailing, clothes; marketing.A medida que el e-Commerce ha ido creciendo, los canales de distribución mediante los cuales hacen llegar el producto final al consumidor han ido evolucionando con la finalidad de satisfacer sus necesidades respecto a conveniencia, rapidez, precio a pagar, entre otros. En consecuencia, surge el Delivery y el Click & Collect (Recojo en Tienda) como opciones de entrega para que el cliente pueda escoger cuál de las dos se adecúa a sus requerimientos. Por ello, es relevante estudiar estos canales de distribución tomando como base investigaciones previas en revistas internacionales para poder definir los conceptos y aplicaciones de cada uno para posteriormente evaluar su aplicación en el retailing peruano para poder identificar los pros y contras percibidos por el consumidor; y a su vez, considerar los beneficios o problemas que le genera al minorista al implementar dichos canales; por ejemplo, al poner en funcionamiento el Click & Collect, la tienda por departamento asume costos extra en la logística debido a la incorporación del punto de recojo específico dentro de su establecimiento. El presente trabajo de investigación permite contrastar la teoría planteada por diferentes autores y su aplicación en los retailers peruanos ya que, no existen investigaciones previas que se enfoquen específicamente en este criterio de la compra online. Finalmente, los resultados de esta investigación buscan brindarle información al minorista para que pueda satisfacer las necesidades de sus consumidores respecto al canal de distribución de su preferencia y promover una relación a largo plazo.
As e-Commerce has grown, the distribution channels through which they deliver the final product to the consumer have evolved in order to satisfy their needs regarding convenience, speed, price to pay, and others. Consequently, Delivery and Click & Collect (Pick up in Store) arise as delivery options so that the customer can choose which of the two suits their requirements. For this reason, it is relevant to study these distribution channels based on previous research in international magazines in order to define the concepts and applications of each one to later evaluate their application in Peruvian retailing in order to identify the pros and cons perceived by the consumer; and in turn, consider the benefits or problems that the retailer generates when implementing these channels. For example, by putting Click & Collect into operation, the department store assumes extra costs in logistics due to the incorporation of the specific collection point within its establishment. This research work allows us to contrast the theory put forward by different authors and its application in Peruvian retailers since there is no previous research that specifically focuses on this criterion of online shopping. Finally, the results of this research seek to provide information to the retailer so that it can satisfy the needs of its consumers regarding the distribution channel of their preference and promote a long-term relationship.
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Berkowicz, David, and Filip Lindgren. "Covid-19 pandemins påverkan på kundupplevelsehantering : En studie inom svensk hemelektronik." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Företagsekonomi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-45885.
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Denna studie är en undersökning om hur Covid-19 pandemin har förändrat kundupplevelsehantering för svensk hemelektronikhandel. Vidare undersöks hur svenska hemelektronikföretag och konsumenter svarat och agerat på dessa förändringar. Forskningen har använt triangulerande datainsamlingsmetoder. Kvantitativ data har samlats in genom enkätundersökningar med konsumenter. Kvalitativ data har samlats in från intervjuer med representanter på svenska hemelektronikföretag. Studien ägde rum under Covid-19 pandemin och utfördes därmed på distans med hjälp av digitala verktyg. Studiens resultat tyder på att Covid-19 pandemin lett till ett hopp på tre år i utvecklingen av handeln inom hemelektronik och därmed bidragit med en övergång från interaktion via fysiska butiker till digitala kanaler. Företag inom hemelektronik har även fokuserat mindre på hur konkurrenter agerat och mer på vad konsumenter efterfrågar. Detta har lett till utveckling av nya kanaler och helt nya sätt att interagera med kunder. De nya kanalerna integrerar mänsklig natur i dess interaktion genom video samt direkt kommunikation mellan kund och anställd. Kunder är mer nöjda med deras upplevelser hos företagen under pandemin än innan pandemin och företagen förutspås fortsätta i den utveckling pandemin bidragit till.This study investigates how the Covid-19 pandemic has changed customer experience management for the Swedish consumer electronics trade. It also examines how Swedish consumer electronics companies and consumers have responded and acted on these changes. The research has used triangulating data collection methods. Quantitative data have been collected through surveys with consumers. Qualitative data have been collected from interviews with representatives of Swedish consumer electronics companies. The study took place during the COVID-19 pandemic and was thus carried out remotely using digital tools. The results of the study indicate that the Covid-19 pandemic has led to a three-year jump in the development of trade in consumer electronics and thus contributed to a transition from interaction via physical stores to digital touchpoints. Home electronics companies have also focused less on how competitors have acted and more on what consumers demand. This has led to the development of new touchpoints and completely new ways of interacting with customers. The new touchpoints integrate human nature in its interaction through video and direct communication between customer and employee. Customers are more satisfied with their experiences with companies during the pandemic than before the pandemic and the companies are predicted to continue in the development the pandemic has contributed to.
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Mesa, Akhilesh. "A Methodology to Design Systems to Support Fulfillment of Online Grocery Orders." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1610708317139122.
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Henriquez, Tatiana. "Analyse du processus d'adoption d'une nouvelle forme de vente : contribution de la socialisation organisationnelle." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00983368.
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Cette thèse porte sur l'analyse du processus d'adoption par le client d'une innovation commerciale. Plus particulièrement, elle étudie le rôle de la Socialisation Organisationnelle du Client sur le lien entre la Satisfaction Relationnelle et la Fidélité client à une nouvelle forme de vente. Dans cette optique, nous avons réalisé une étude exploratoire dans le but d'identifier les variables favorisant le succès d'une innovation commerciale ainsi que le processus d'adoption et d'apprentissage d'une innovation commerciale. La particularité de notre démarche réside dans le fait d'avoir interrogé différents segments de clients (et de non clients) mais aussi d'avoir observé les collaborateurs d'un DRIVE (Click&Carry). La première partie aboutit ainsi à une modélisation de l'adoption d'une innovation commerciale que nous testons dans la deuxième partie auprès de clients et d'employés. De plus, nous mettons en relation l'extraction des données de consommation des clients interrogés avec les données déclaratives issues des clients et des employés de contact.Les résultats de la recherche corroborent le rôle modérateur de la Socialisation Organisationnelle du Client (SOC) et de la Perception de la Socialisation Organisationnelle de l'Employé (PSOE), leur rôle variant en fonction du type d'innovation commerciale observée. Il en va de même au sujet du lien entre la Socialisation Organisationnelle de l'Employé (SOE) et, la Socialisation Organisationnelle du Client (SOC) d'une part, et, d'autre part, la Perception de la Socialisation Organisationnelle de l'Employé (PSOE), bien qu'il ne s'agisse que d'une démarche exploratoire
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Le, ho Khanh hy. "Synthèse par « Click Chemistry » de matériaux hybrides et éudes de leurs assemblages supramoléculaires." Thesis, Paris 11, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA112285/document.
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L’approche « bottum-up » via l’auto-assemblage moléculaire est considéré comme une voie prometteuse pour contrôler la fabrication de nouveaux matériaux et leur intégration dans des dispositifs hybrides présentant de propriétés nouvelles. Dans ce travail, nous avons synthétisé plusieurs hybrides à base de molécules organiques (fullerène, porphyrines, phtalocyanine), d’oligonucléotides ou de nanotubes de carbone.Dans un premier temps, nous nous sommes intéressés à la synthèse d’une nouvelle famille de produits constituée d’une unité C60 lié à deux chromophores positionnés face à face et permettant la formation de complexes hôte-invités. Nous avons montré que ces composés s’assemblent pour donner des structures supramoléculaires en solution et sur surface. Les interactions électroniques et la compléxation entre le fullerène et les deux chromophores (porphyrines et phtalocyanines) ont été étudiées par spectroscopie optique et RMN ainsi que par voltammétrie cyclique.Parmi les outils de l’approche « bottom-up », l’ADN a montré son extraordinaire potentiel pour la fabrication d’assemblages bio-dirigés. En effet, la synthèse de matériaux hybrides à base d’ADN permet un contrôle précis (théoriquement à l’échelle d’une base, ~3,4Å) du positionnement des groupements fonctionnels dans un matériau. Dans le but de former des réseaux bi- et tridimensionnels à base d’ADN permettant le positionnement de nano-objets, nous avons synthétisé des hybrides à base d’oligonucléotides et de porphyrines (molécule 2D) ou d’adamantane (molécule 3D). Des édifices supramoléculaires simples ont été réalisés et le travail se poursuit en vue de la réalisation de réseaux fonctionnels.Enfin, dans une dernière partie, nous nous sommes intéressés à la fonctionnalisation des nanotubes de carbone monoparoi (SWNT) avec des chromophores de type porphyrines et phtalocyanines. Alors que les porphyrines présentent une absorption intense presque exclusivement dans le bleu, les phtalocyanines absorbent principalement dans le rouge. Combiner ces deux chromophores à la surface des nanotubes de carbone présente donc un intérêt particulier pour la collecte de lumière car les deux composés absorbent des régions complémentaires du spectre visible. Ce travail ouvre la voie vers l'étude des propriétés optoélectroniques des hybrides à base de nanotubes et en particulier leur utilisation pour la conversion d’énergie lumineuse en énergie électrique (application photovoltaïque)An Approach "bottum-up" via molecular self-assembly is considered as a promising way to control the manufacture of new materials and their integration into hybrid devices with novel properties. In this work, we have synthesized several hybrids based on organic molecules (fullerene, porphyrin, phthalocyanine), oligonucleotides or carbon nanotubes.At first, we were interested in the synthesis of a new family of products consisting of a unit C60 linked to two chromophores positioned face to face and allowing the formation of host-guest complexes. We have shown that these compounds are combined to give supramolecular structures in solution and on the surface. Electronic interactions and complexation between fullerene and the two chromophores (porphyrins and phthalocyanines) were studied by NMR and optical spectroscopy as well as cyclic voltammetry.Among the tools of the "bottom-up", DNA showed its tremendous potential for the production of bio-directed assembly. Indeed, the synthesis of hybrid materials based DNA allows precise control (theoretically on the scale of a base, ~ 3.4 Å) of the positioning of the functional groups in a material. In order to form networks and bi-dimensional DNA-based for positioning nano-objects, we have synthesized hybrid oligonucleotide-based and porphyrin molecule (2D) or adamantane molecule (3D). Supramolecular structures have been made and this work is ongoing to achieve functional networks.Finally, in a last part, we are interested in the functionalization of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) with chromophores like porphyrins and phthalocyanines. While porphyrins exhibit almost exclusively an intense absorption in the blue (around 420-440 nm), phtalocyanines absorb mainly in the red spectral region. Taken together these two chromophores have interesting light harvesting, photophysical and redox properties; the two components will participate independently to increase the overall absorption in the visible range of the solar spectrum. This work opens the route to study the optoelectronic properties of hybrid nanotube and in particular their use for the conversion of light energy into electrical energy (photovoltaic application)
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Ferreirinha, Cláudia Alexandra Guindeira. "Modelos logísticos de alargamento geográfico de entregas no formato Click & Pick : o caso do e-commerce da Sonae MC." Master's thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/17012.
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O e-commerce oferece aos clientes a conveniência de uma loja disponível 24 horas por dia, 7 dias por semana. Por este motivo, as expectativas e exigências por parte dos clientes aumentam e estes procuram experiências de compra inovadoras e diferenciadas. Por outro lado, os retalhistas pretendem oferecer serviços distintos que lhes permitam reduzir custos e alcançar mais clientes, tornando o cliente responsável pelo famoso last mile.
Serviços do tipo click & collect, que permitem o levantamento de encomendas efetuadas numa loja online por meio de um pick-up point, são efetivamente uma das soluções cada vez mais procuradas. No entanto, para que estes serviços sejam uma mais-valia, quer para os consumidores, quer para os retalhistas, os processos a eles associados têm de ser simples, eficientes e rápidos.
A loja online do Continente disponibilizava, nas suas lojas de operação, um serviço de levantamento de encomendas na loja, denominado de Click & Pick, que tinha duração média de 12 minutos, e expunha o cliente a filas de espera, processos de devoluções e reclamações e ainda a auditorias.
No âmbito deste trabalho foi efetuada uma reformulação do serviço de Click & Pick, que lhe conferiu uma nova imagem e reduziu em 50% o tempo do mesmo, tornando-o hassle-free para o cliente.
Para potenciar as vendas por este meio, e considerando a infraestrutura do parque de lojas Continente, é ainda apresentado um modelo de alargamento geográfico dos pontos de recolha Click & Pick, baseado na tipologia das lojas sob alçada da marca Continente.E-commerce offers customers the convenience of a shop available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. For this reason, the expectations and demands from customers increase and they seek innovative and differentiated buying experiences. On the other hand, retailers want to offer distinct services that enable them to reduce costs but still reach more customers, by turning the customer accountable for the well-known last mile. Services like click & collect, allowing the collection of orders placed on an online store through a pick-up point, are actually one of the increasingly sought solutions. However, for these services to be considered a plus point, either to consumers or to retailers, the processes associated with them must be simple, efficient and fast. Continente’s online store had available, in the physical stores where they operate, a service for picking up online orders, called Click & Pick, which had an average duration of 12 minutes and exposed the customers to queues, returns and complaints and even audits. In the scope of this work a reformulation of the Click & Pick service was performed, which gave it a new image and reduced by 50% its duration, turning it hassle-free for the customer. In order to boost Click & Pick sales, and considering the infrastructure of all the stores under the jurisdiction of the brand Continente, a model of geographical expansion of Click & Pick’s pick-up points is presented, which is based on the typology of their stores.
Books on the topic ""Click and Collect""
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Before the clock strikes thirty: A novel. Covenant Communications, Inc., 2014.
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Warner, Gertrude Chandler. The Haunted Clock Tower Mystery. Albert Whitman & Co., 2001.
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My time on the clock: The shaping of a college president. Outskirts Press, 2008.
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Master Humphrey's Clock (Collected Works of Charles Dickens). Classic Books, 2000.
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Warner, Gertrude Chandler. The Haunted Clock Tower Mystery. Oasis Audio, 2013.
Book chapters on the topic ""Click and Collect""
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Bug, Peter, Natalie Gordon, and Ann-Sophie Staudenmaier. "Fashion Business Case Study on the German Click & Collect Situation." In Contemporary Case Studies on Fashion Production, Marketing and Operations. Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7007-5_9.
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Miquel-Romero, Maria-Jose, Marta Frasquet-Deltoro, and Alejandro Molla-Descals. "Consumer Motivations for Click-and-Collect and Home Delivery in Online Shopping." In Advances in National Brand and Private Label Marketing. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92084-9_13.
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Beck, Norbert, and David Rygl. "Click & Collect als mögliches Bindeglied zwischen stationärem Einzelhandel und E- und M-Commerce." In Digitale Transformation von Geschäftsmodellen. Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-12388-8_26.
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Beck, Norbert, and David Rygl. "Click & Collect als mögliches Bindeglied zwischen stationärem Einzelhandel und E- und M-Commerce." In Schwerpunkt Business Model Innovation. Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-31980-9_26.
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Keymolen, Esther. "To Solve the Coronavirus Crisis: Click Here." In The New Common. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65355-2_18.
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AbstractHuman beings are technical beings. From the clothes we wear to the spaceships we fire into the sky, all these technologies are developed with the aim to protect ourselves, improve ourselves, and control the fickle world in which we live. Therefore, it should not come as a surprise that when hit with one of the biggest health crises of the last century, all over the world, governments have turned to technology to contain this life-threatening event. Most of these proposed—or already developed—technological solutions are data-driven.Just as the turn to technology to solve this crisis does not come as a surprise, neither does the protest it has caused. Critical citizens and civil rights organizations worry about the possibility of personal data being shared with private parties, about governments ending up using the collected information against citizens, and they fear an overall loss of privacy and freedom if these applications became widely used. Overall, they suspect that what is introduced as a temporary instrument to counter this crisis will have long-lasting effects on society.
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LaDue, Nicole D., and Thomas F. Shipley. "Click-on-Diagram Questions: Using Clickers to Engage Students in Visual-Spatial Reasoning." In Active Learning in College Science. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-33600-4_11.
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Liu, Yi, Chuan-Hoo Tan, and Juliana Sutanto. "Mobile Advert's Contextual Consistency." In Advances in Library and Information Science. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1786-4.ch002.
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How adverts can be better displayed to attract more click-throughs has been enduringly debated, and mixed findings have been reported regarding the effectiveness of contextual consistency. This study reconciles prior debates by anchoring on the load theory of selective attention to propose that user response to contextually consistent adverts is dependent on their intra-page and inter-page positional display. In collaboration with a European mobile application company, adverts were randomly displayed in its location-based mobile social networking application. The follow-up think-aloud protocol analysis, conducted to collect qualitative feedback from users, validates the theoretical assumptions. The findings reveal that high click-through could be obtained when contextually consistent adverts are displayed at the top positions or the front page of the mobile application. These findings address an enduringly debated issue of how to leverage on new technology, such as mobile device, to display commercial information most effectively.
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P., Gulnaz Banu, and Gokulakannan P. "Omnichannel Retailing." In Advances in E-Business Research. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-9921-2.ch013.
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Tremendous growth of information technology led to the rise of a new form of retailing, the digital retailing, (includes e-commerce and m-commerce), which offers value, convenience and tons of information. Mostly, customers experience digital and conventional retailing distinctly. For a customer to appreciate ‘The brand', it is necessary for him to experience it, no matter through which channel he interacts with ‘The brand'. Here, Omnichannel strategy, which uses digital media as its backbone, is an integrated sales experience that melds the advantages of physical stores with the information rich-experience of online shopping. An Omnichannel strategy enables the customer to get what he wants anyhow, anytime and anywhere through options like Click and Collect Store, order from a public space, browse in store-order online, browse online-get at store and in-store GPS, information centre etc. From a retailer's perspective, it offers him a single customer view (SCV) that helps in understanding what the customers want. An effective integration of field intelligence and digital media data facilitates excellent control over the stocking of products. Integration of channels enables a retail store to fulfil an online order, thus the volume of products going into decline stage is reduced. Also it becomes easy to either risk pool the inventory and deliver from one point or reduce warehousing and deliver from the store. As a result, capital investment is optimised. To adopt omnichannel, it is necessary to understand the psychology of digital shoppers, customer touch points and actionable channels preferred by the customers. The SCV offered by omnichannel ensures that the brand makes its customers appreciate, enjoy and remain connected to the brand.
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Sun, Ying, Zhipeng Su, Qiong Wu, Feiou Yu, Ying Zhao, and Enzhen Hou. "Clock Synchronization Methods of Electric Meters Based on Wireless Communication." In Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering. IOS Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/atde220015.
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Aiming at the inaccurate clock calibration of electric meters and the shortcomings of traditional clock synchronization methods, this article briefly summarizes the reasons of inaccurate meter clocks, and proposes a method of electric meter clock calibration based on wireless communication, which solves the problem of meter clock synchronization accuracy. It is verified by field test. The test results show that the error of electric meters clock after clock calibration can be controlled at the second level. And the data error of collected import active electrical energy is smaller, which meets the requirements of real-time analysis of electricity spot trading and other businesses, providing more accurate data to ensure the results reliability.
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Sesko, D. W., and C. E. Wieman. "Observation of the cesium clock transition in laser-cooled atoms." In Collected Papers of Carl Wieman. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812813787_0034.
Full textConference papers on the topic ""Click and Collect""
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Joachims, Thorsten, Adith Swaminathan, and Tobias Schnabel. "Unbiased Learning-to-Rank with Biased Feedback." In Twenty-Seventh International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-18}. International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2018/738.
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Implicit feedback (e.g., clicks, dwell times, etc.) is an abundant source of data in human-interactive systems. While implicit feedback has many advantages (e.g., it is inexpensive to collect, user-centric, and timely), its inherent biases are a key obstacle to its effective use. For example, position bias in search rankings strongly influences how many clicks a result receives, so that directly using click data as a training signal in Learning-to-Rank (LTR) methods yields sub-optimal results. To overcome this bias problem, we present a counterfactual inference framework that provides the theoretical basis for unbiased LTR via Empirical Risk Minimization despite biased data. Using this framework, we derive a propensity-weighted ranking SVM for discriminative learning from implicit feedback, where click models take the role of the propensity estimator. Beyond the theoretical support, we show empirically that the proposed learning method is highly effective in dealing with biases, that it is robust to noise and propensity model mis-specification, and that it scales efficiently. We also demonstrate the real-world applicability of our approach on an operational search engine, where it substantially improves retrieval performance.
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Berlianto, Margaretha, Rudy Pramono, and Yohana Meilani. "Investigating Customers‘ Intention to Adopt Click and Collect Service In E-Commerce in Indonesia." In Proceedings of the First International Conference of Science, Engineering and Technology, ICSET 2019, November 23 2019, Jakarta, Indonesia. EAI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.23-11-2019.2301622.
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Ferreira, Leonardo, and Nathália Cunha. "Click & Collect: um serviço que dá autonomia para o cliente e alívio para a logística." In INTERACTION SOUTH AMERICA - FLORIPA 2017. Galoa, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.17648/isa-2017-101415.
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Ortega, T., N. Acero, Palomino O. de las Heras, et al. "“Click and collect” para una rápida adaptación de la docencia práctica presencial a online en grados universitarios de Ciencias de la Salud - ["Click and collect" for a quick adaptation from face-to-face to online practical learning in universitary Health Sciences grades]." In Innovaciones docentes en tiempos de pandemia. Actas del VI Congreso Internacional sobre aprendizaje, innovación y cooperación, CINAIC 2021. Servicio de Publicaciones Universidad, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26754/cinaic.2021.0034.
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Smith, Lorenzo M., Laila Guessous, Gary C. Barber, Trevor Cole, and Stu Keeler. "A Transferable Education Model for Creating Work-Ready College Graduates." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-89899.
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“Work-ready” college graduates, upon their first day at work, are able to make employee contributions which are comparable to those associated with a typical employee who is three years removed from his/her undergraduate graduation. The objective of CLIC-form (Chrysler Learning and Innovation Center for Sheet Metal Forming), a program recently implemented at Oakland University, is to deliver work-ready college graduates to the American sheet metal forming industry. Long-term fulfillment of this objective is expected to increase productivity and job satisfaction in the American work-force, enrich educational experiences for university students, and foster greater funded research opportunities for the university. CLIC-form is a proven educational model. Now in its second year, it is recruiting a third cohort of Oakland University students, hosting once-per-week educational workshops for both students and local industry professionals, and continuing to generate revenue through direct support from Chrysler Group, LLC and funded research activity from other sources. Presented in this paper is a description of CLIC-form’s structure, operation and financial outlook. A proposed form for extending the CLIC-form template to different fields of study is offered.
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Crouch, Alfred E., Gary L. Burkhardt, and Patrick C. Porter. "Conformable Eddy Current Array for Mapping External Pipeline Corrosion." In 2002 4th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2002-27147.
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In a new project sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy’s National Energy Technology Laboratory, feasibility is being determined for a convenient, affordable method to map corrosion on the outside surface of pipelines. The goal of the project is a system that can produce a contour map of a corroded area and be easily deployed in the field by pipeline maintenance personnel. The collected data will support assessment algorithms such as B31G and RSTRENG (Remaining Strength), which rely on three-dimensional corrosion sizing. The array will be made up of multiple eddy current sensors, scanned electronically to collect data that represent local wall-loss measurements. The work is being performed at Southwest Research Institute and is building upon the results of an earlier project concerned with graphitic corrosion in cast iron pipe. Technical assistance is being provided by Clock Spring Company, who is cofunding the project and planning to commercialize the system if it proves feasible. This paper presents the basic measuring technology, results of laboratory testing of breadboard coils and a description of the proposed field operating procedure.
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Rhushi Prasad, P., P. B. Gangavati, H. V. Byregowda, and K. S. Badarinarayan. "Experimental Analysis of a Tracking Solar Water Heating System by Real Time Digital Tracking Method." In ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-62030.
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Nowadays the field of applied mechanical systems opens new horizons for the use of orientation mechanisms. The opportunity to use mechanisms with a “sustainable purpose” leads to new approaches in the development of renewable energy systems design. In literature review many authors says the evaluation of the existing products shows that the tracking mechanisms for solar energy conversion systems may improve the efficiency of the solar energy conversion systems up to 30% to 50%. Applications of solar energy for domestic and industrial heating purposes are becoming very popular. However the effectiveness of presently used fixed flat plate collectors, photovoltaic panels and parabolic collector are low due to the moving nature of the energy source. This paper presents researches in the field of increasing the efficiency of the solar energy conversion by using tracking systems with flat plate collector of solar water heating system with the aim to change the position of the solar collector/solar panels correlated to the sun position for maximizing the use of beam radiation by real time digital tracking method. H.V. Byregowda et.al. optimized the interaction between the mechatronic system components by integrating the analog electronic system by using a 555 timer in the mechanical model by designing a single axis low cost tracking system of experimental model in order to reduce cost and show improvement in efficiency of tracking systems before beginning with the virtual prototype level. The work done by these authors was at chickballapur location in BGS R&D centre, SJCIT College. The result Obtained in their research work is that, the thermal efficiency was increased by 21% with tracking of manual method and by 24% with analog method of automatic tracking system. In the present work, a new method of tracking system has been developed electronically with solar water heating systems used in homes for water heating and Power utilization as multiple purpose domestic applications by adding real time clock (RTC) digital, microcontroller, DC motor, Electronics circuit board, batteries and photovoltaic panels along with water tank, flat plate collector which are existing at present in homes only for water heating applications. The results obtained in present work of digital tracking system the thermal efficiency of experimental working model of flat plate collector shows 30% increase when compared with tracking system and non tracking system.
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Robertson, Don, Wayne Russell, Nigel Alvares, Debra Carrobourg, and Graeme King. "An Innovative Approach for Pipeline Repairs." In 2002 4th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2002-27310.
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A strategic combination of integrity software, relational databases, GIS, and GPS technologies reduced costs and increased quality of a comprehensive pipeline integrity assessment and repair program that Greenpipe Industries Ltd. completed recently on three crude oil pipelines—two 6-inch and one 8-inch—for Enbridge Pipelines (Saskatchewan) Inc. Greenpipe analyzed metal loss data from recent in-line inspection logs, calculated real-world coordinates of defects and reference welds, prioritized anomalies for repair taking environmental risks into account, and prepared detailed dig sheets and site maps using PipeCraft™, Greenpipe’s advanced GIS-based pipeline integrity-maintenance software package. GPS technology was used to navigate to dig sites and the accuracy of the GPS approach was compared with traditional chainage methods. Pipelines were purged and all defects were cut out and replaced by new pipe during a two-day shutdown on each pipeline. A comprehensive set of data, including high-accuracy GPS location of anomalies, reference welds, and replacement pipe welds, was collected at each dig site and entered into the PipeCraft relational database. After all repairs were completed, the client was provided with a GIS-based electronic final report, allowing point-and-click access to all data collected in the field, including in-line inspection logs, dig information sheets and as-built drawings. The new methodologies employed on this project resulted in a high quality, comprehensive and cost-effective integrity maintenance program.
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Zhang, Yang, Dong Wang, Qiang Li, et al. "User Retention: A Causal Approach with Triple Task Modeling." In Thirtieth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-21}. International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2021/468.
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For many Internet companies, it has been an important focus to improve user retention rate. To achieve this goal, we need to recommend proper services in order to meet the demands of users. Unlike conventional click-through rate (CTR) estimation, there are lots of noise in the collected data when modeling retention, caused by two major issues: 1) implicit impression-revisit effect: users could revisit the APP even if they do not explicitly interact with the recommender system; 2) selection bias: recommender system suffers from selection bias caused by user's self-selection. To address the above challenges, we propose a novel method named UR-IPW (User Retention Modeling with Inverse Propensity Weighting), which 1) makes full use of both explicit and implicit interactions in the observed data. 2) models revisit rate estimation from a causal perspective accounting for the selection bias problem. The experiments on both offline and online environments from different scenarios demonstrate the superiority of UR-IPW over previous methods. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work to model user retention by estimating the revisit rate from a causal perspective.
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"Ensemble Learning Approach for Clickbait Detection Using Article Headline Features." In InSITE 2019: Informing Science + IT Education Conferences: Jerusalem. Informing Science Institute, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/4319.
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[This Proceedings paper was revised and published in the 2019 issue of the journal Informing Science: The International Journal of an Emerging Transdiscipline, Volume 22] Aim/Purpose: The aim of this paper is to propose an ensemble learners based classification model for classification clickbaits from genuine article headlines. Background: Clickbaits are online articles with deliberately designed misleading titles for luring more and more readers to open the intended web page. Clickbaits are used to tempted visitors to click on a particular link either to monetize the landing page or to spread the false news for sensationalization. The presence of clickbaits on any news aggregator portal may lead to an unpleasant experience for readers. Therefore, it is essential to distinguish clickbaits from authentic headlines to mitigate their impact on readers’ perception. Methodology: A total of one hundred thousand article headlines are collected from news aggregator sites consists of clickbaits and authentic news headlines. The collected data samples are divided into five training sets of balanced and unbalanced data. The natural language processing techniques are used to extract 19 manually selected features from article headlines. Contribution: Three ensemble learning techniques including bagging, boosting, and random forests are used to design a classifier model for classifying a given headline into the clickbait or non-clickbait. The performances of learners are evaluated using accuracy, precision, recall, and F-measures. Findings: It is observed that the random forest classifier detects clickbaits better than the other classifiers with an accuracy of 91.16 %, a total precision, recall, and f-measure of 91 %.
Reports on the topic ""Click and Collect""
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Samach, Alon, Douglas Cook, and Jaime Kigel. Molecular mechanisms of plant reproductive adaptation to aridity gradients. United States Department of Agriculture, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2008.7696513.bard.
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Annual plants have developed a range of different mechanisms to avoid flowering (exposure of reproductive organs to the environment) under adverse environmental conditions. Seasonal environmental events such as gradual changes in day length and temperature affect the timing of transition to flowering in many annual and perennial plants. Research in Arabidopsis and additional species suggest that some environmental signals converge on transcriptional regulation of common floral integrators such as FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT). Here we studied environmental induction of flowering in the model legume Medicago truncatula. Similarly to Arabidopsis, the transition to flowering in M. truncatula is hastened by long photoperiods and long periods of vernalization (4°C for 2-3 weeks). Ecotypes collected in Israel retain a vernalization response even though winter temperatures are way above 4°C. Here we show that this species is also highly responsive (flowers earlier) to mild ambient temperatures up to 19°C simulating winter conditions in its natural habitat. Physiological experiments allowed us to time the transition to flowering due to low temperatures, and to compare it to vernalization. We have made use of natural variation, and induced mutants to identify key genes involved in this process, and we provide here data suggesting that an FT gene in M.truncatula is transcriptionally regulated by different environmental cues. Flowering time was found to be correlated with MtFTA and MtFTB expression levels. Mutation in the MtFTA gene showed a late flowering phenotype, while over-expressing MtFTA in Arabidopsis complemented the ft- phenotype. We found that combination of 4°C and 12°C resulted in a synergistic increase in MtFTB expression, while combining 4°C and long photoperiods caused a synergistic increase in MtFTA expression. These results suggest that the two vernalization temperatures work through distinct mechanisms. The early flowering kalil mutant expressed higher levels of MtFTA and not MtFTB suggesting that the KALIL protein represses MtFTA specifically. The desert ecotype Sde Boker flowers earlier in response to short treatments of 8-12oc vernalization and expresses higher levels of MtFTA. This suggests a possible mechanism this desert ecotype developed to flower as fast as possible and finish its growth cycle before the dry period. MtFTA and FT expression are induced by common environmental cues in each species, and expression is repressed under short days. Replacing FT with the MtFTA gene (including regulatory elements) caused high MtFTA expression and early flowering under short days suggesting that the mechanism used to repress flowering under short days has diversified between the two species.The circadian regulated gene, GIGANTEA (GI) encodes a unique protein in Arabidopsis that is involved in flowering mechanism. In this research we characterized how the expression of the M.truncatula GI ortholog is regulated by light and temperature in comparison to its regulation in Arabidopsis. In Arabidopsis GI was found to be involved in temperature compensation to the clock. In addition, GI was found to be involved in mediating the effect of temperature on flowering time. We tested the influence of cold temperature on the MtGI gene in M.truncatula and found correlation between MtGI levels and extended periods of 12°C treatment. MtGI elevation that was found mostly after plants were removed from the cold influence preceded the induction of MtFT expression. This data suggests that MtGI might be involved in 12°C cold perception with respect to flowering in M.truncatula. GI seems to integrate diverse environmental inputs and translates them to the proper physiological and developmental outputs, acting through several different pathways. These research enabled to correlate between temperature and circadian clock in M.truncatula and achieved a better understanding of the flowering mechanism of this species.
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The Unexpected Impact of Click and Collect Retail Programs. IEDP Ideas for Leaders, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.13007/527.
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