Relevant bibliographies by topics / Client changes

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Client changes'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 17 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Client changes"

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Pelczarski, Kristin M., and J. Scott Yaruss. "Accompanying a Client on His Therapy Journey." Perspectives on Fluency and Fluency Disorders 18, no. 2 (August 2008): 64–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/ffd18.2.64.

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Abstract This paper discusses the “journey” that clients take when entering therapy, and some of the challenges they may face along the way. Various roadblocks, such as the need to practice therapy skills, unrealistic expectations about outcomes of therapy, and the difficulty of the journey can cause the client to stumble along the path and, thereby, minimize the client’s chances of success. This paper emphasizes how the clinician must be attuned to the client to help him benefit from therapy and how the clinician must remain flexible in order to adapt to the changes that occur as a speaker’s journey unfolds.
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Asthana, Sharad C., and Rachana Kalelkar. "Effect of Client Reputation on Audit Fees at the Office Level: An Examination of S&P 500 Index Membership." AUDITING: A Journal of Practice & Theory 33, no. 1 (July 1, 2013): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/ajpt-50572.

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SUMMARY Prior studies have examined the effect of a decline in the auditor's or client's reputation on auditor switching, market shares, and stock prices. We extend these studies by examining the effect of an unexpected increase in a client's reputation on audit fees at the office level. We argue that association with a reputed client will enhance the auditor's reputation and establish a brand name, thus enabling the auditor to charge higher fees from other clients. Using a client's inclusion into the prestigious S&P 500 index as a proxy for the client's change in reputation, we find that the audit fees are discounted for this S&P client when it enters the index. The audit fee for this client increases following its exit from the index. We posit that changes in the audit fees for the S&P 500 clients are attributable to the changes in the reporting quality of these firms following their entry to and exit from the index. We also find increases in the audit fees of non-S&P clients of the audit office around such events. We argue that the presence of S&P clients helps auditors differentiate themselves from other auditors and allows them to extract rents from non-S&P clients. Last, we find no evidence of improvement in the reporting quality of other non-S&P clients, supporting our rent-extraction story.
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Poss, Jeffrey, Chi-Ling Sinn, Galina Grinchenko, Lialoma Salam-White, and John Hirdes. "Comparing Changes and Transitions of Home Care Clients in Retirement Homes and Private Homes." Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement 39, no. 3 (August 15, 2019): 421–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0714980819000473.

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ABSTRACTLong-stay home care clients mostly reside in private homes or retirement homes, and the type of residence may influence risk factors for long-term care placement. This multi-state analytic study uses RAI-Home Care and administrative data from the Hamilton Niagara Haldimand Brant Local Health Integration Network to model conceptualized states of risk at baseline through a 13-month follow-up period. Modifiable risk factors in these states were client loneliness or depressive symptoms, and caregiver distress. A higher adjusted likelihood of being discharged deceased was found for the lowest-risk clients in retirement homes. Adjusting for client, service, and caregiver characteristics, retirement home residency was associated with higher likelihood of placement in a long-term care home; reduced caregiver distress; and increased client loneliness/depression. As an alternative to private home settings as the location for aging in place among these long-stay home care clients, retirement home residency represents some trade-offs between client and informal caregiver.
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Hogan, Chris E., and Roger D. Martin. "Risk Shifts in the Market for Audits: An Examination of Changes in Risk for “Second Tier” Audit Firms." AUDITING: A Journal of Practice & Theory 28, no. 2 (November 1, 2009): 93–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/aud.2009.28.2.93.

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SUMMARY: The market for audit services has been affected in recent years by significant changes like the demise of Andersen and the implementation of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. One impact of these market changes has been an increase in the frequency of auditor switches, and in particular, the frequency of clients switching from Big 4 auditors to smaller audit firms. We examine whether this switching activity has resulted in changes in the risk characteristics of publicly traded clients of Second Tier audit firms. This analysis is important as regulators are concerned about audit market concentration and would like to see the Second Tier audit firms expand their share of the publicly traded client market. Results indicate that Second Tier firms are accepting clients with potentially increased audit and client business risk characteristics relative to their existing client base, but they also appear to be “shedding” clients that have increased audit and client business risk characteristics relative to their existing client base. Some of the differences in risk characteristics for those departing clients are more pronounced in the period after 2000, when we expect the most significant changes in the audit market occurred. Second Tier auditors are increasingly exposed to more business risk as they accept larger clients coming from Big 4 predecessor auditors, which may increase their exposure to litigation.
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Carson, Elizabeth, Roger Simnett, Billy S. Soo, and Arnold M. Wright. "Changes in Audit Market Competition and the Big N Premium." AUDITING: A Journal of Practice & Theory 31, no. 3 (August 1, 2012): 47–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/ajpt-10295.

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SUMMARY We respond to calls for research into the effect of the decline in the number of Big N firms on market power and consequential impact on competition (U.S. Department of the Treasury 2008; European Commission 2010; U.K. House of Lords 2011) by analyzing the change in Big N audit fee premium over the Big 6, Big 5, and Big 4 periods, and across different client segments. Using a large sample of Australian publicly listed companies over the years 1996–2007, we find that while premiums paid to Big N auditors have increased significantly for the Big 4 and Big 5 periods compared to the Big 6 period, the growth has not been shared equally across all client segments. In particular, while the largest global clients pay some of the highest premiums, the increase in premiums for this group in the Big 4 period has been lower than those experienced by other clients. We also observe that premiums paid to industry specialists have declined relative to the Big 6 period, but fee discounts offered to clients switching to a Big N auditor from a non-Big N auditor have increased. In all, we find that the premiums paid by Big N clients increased in line with consolidation in the number of Big N audit firms, but the impact varied across client segments.
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Adams, Susan A. "Who Is My Client? Maintaining Paperwork When the Client Changes." Family Journal 18, no. 1 (January 2010): 70–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1066480709357729.

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Chen, Charles J. P., Xijia Su, and Xi Wu. "Auditor Changes Following a Big 4 Merger with a Local Chinese Firm: A Case Study." AUDITING: A Journal of Practice & Theory 29, no. 1 (May 1, 2010): 41–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/aud.2010.29.1.41.

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SUMMARY: This study examines auditor-client relationships following the high-profile merger of a local Chinese audit firm, Da-Hua CPAs, with a Big 4 firm, Ernst & Young, to create EYDH in early 2002. Of the 46 domestically listed clients Da-Hua had at the time of the merger, 30 switched to other audit firms during 2002–04. This large loss of clients could be attributed either anecdotally to a lack of post-merger managerial and cultural congruence, or to a lack of demand for high quality audits. We examine 11 (13) switching clients in 2002 (2004) as early (late) switchers. Although our archival analyses suggest that the switching decisions of early switchers are more likely to be explained by common factors such as changes in client structural characteristics, post-merger client portfolio management, and client-auditor friction over accounting treatments, late switchers do not differ from late non-switchers in terms of these factors. However, we find some time-serial evidence that late switchers follow their audit partners to a local audit firm mainly for greater discretion over financial reporting. Further, semi-structured focused interviews reveal that late switchers found it difficult to adapt to EYDH’s practices which, in their view, were less cooperative and too risk aversive. Overall, the results of our case study are consistent with the notion that clients switch from Big 4 to local firms mainly for more lenient audit treatments.
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Peper, Erik, Dianne M. Shumay, and Donald Moss. "Change Illness Beliefs with Biofeedback and Somatic Feedback." Biofeedback 40, no. 4 (December 1, 2012): 154–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5298/1081-5937-40.4.02.

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The Health Belief Model proposes that medical treatment and patient self-care plans need to be congruent with the client's illness beliefs. When the client's illness attributions are compatible, the client is more likely to comply with both medical treatment and self-care. The authors emphasize the internal versus external locus of control dimension in illness attributions. Clients may believe that the illness is outside of personal control and that only external treatment such as surgery or medication will help. With such beliefs in place, the client is unlikely to be open to a regimen emphasizing self-regulation and personal behavioral changes. The authors propose that biofeedback and somatic feedback exercises provide effective tools for changing illness attributions and awaken the client to the impact of thoughts and emotions on physiology. A case study and a description of a somatic feedback exercise illustrate the approach.
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Boshoff, Willem H. "The strategic implications of black empowerment policy in South Africa: a case study of boundary choice and client preferences in a small services firm." South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences 15, no. 2 (June 5, 2012): 207–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajems.v15i2.54.

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This paper studies the relationship between a firm’s boundary choices within its value chain and the BEE pressures it faces from its clients. The paper shows that BEE policy alters the value chain preferences of a firm’s clients. These changes in client preferences motivate the firm to altering its boundaries. More important, boundary changes due to BEE are implemented in a way that ensures that the firm retains crucial architectural knowledge, which preserves its competitive advantage. Firms therefore do not respond passively to BEE-induced changes in client preferences, but aim to meet BEE aims within their broader strategic environment.
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Cairney, Tim, and Errol G. Stewart. "Client industry characteristics and auditor changes." Review of Accounting and Finance 18, no. 2 (May 13, 2019): 245–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/raf-01-2017-0017.

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Purpose This study aims to examine whether the industry characteristics of homogeneity, product competition, high auditor competition and accounting standards complexity are associated with auditor changes. Design/methodology/approach Logistic regressions test for significance of the industry characteristics on resignations, dismissals and directional changes to and from Big 4 and nonBig 4 auditors after controlling for client, auditor and engagement factors. Findings The authors report a lower likelihood of auditor resignations with greater accounting standards complexity. The authors also report a greater likelihood of auditor dismissals with greater industry homogeneity, greater product competition and greater auditor competition. Results also show that accounting standards complexity is associated with a lower likelihood of changes from Big to nonBig auditors, and industry homogeneity is associated with a greater likelihood of changes from Big to nonBig. Also, greater auditor competition is associated with a lower likelihood of changes from nonBig to Big auditors. Research limitations/implications Prior research has established the importance of industry characteristics to the market for audit services (Cairney and Stewart, 2015; Wang and Chui, 2015; Cahan et al., 2011; Bills et al., 2015). The authors report that industry characteristics also impact auditor changes. Second, previous research has used various methods that indicate general industry effects on changes. The paper contributes to this research by specifying industry characteristics. Limitations include the reliance on the self-reporting in 8-Ks to identify auditors resigning and firms dismissing auditors. Also, the paper relies on proxies for industry characteristics that were developed in prior research. Practical implications Regulators have expressed concern over the relatively low rates of auditor changes and the problem of lack of auditor choice. By demonstrating a significant effect of industry characteristics on changes, the authors indicate some levers that may be available to influence rates of auditor changes, especially realignments to nonBig. Originality/value This is one of the first studies to examine how specific industry characteristics impact auditor changes. The study may be of interest to academics who are interested in how industry factors influence auditor changes. It may also interest policymakers who could lever the characteristics of industries to address concerns about the low rates of auditor changes.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Client changes"

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Shipton, Clare. "Making changes : an ethnography of client changes on a construction project." Thesis, University of Reading, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.629088.

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Changes to client requirements are inevitable during construction. Industry discourse is concerned with minimising and controlling changes, however, accounts of making changes are rare. Therefore, the aim is to explore how changes to client requirements are made on a live construction project. In response to calls for more research to be undertaken into working practices, an eight-month intensive ethnographic study is adopted to gain insights into the everyday, lived nature of changes on a hospital project. Contract change management procedures were used and modified on the project. Changes developed incrementally and grew into multiple sub-changes as information about requirements became available. Determining requirements of changes was difficult due to instability in the healthcare environment and a lack of design standardisation. The contract procedures do not acknowledge this way in which changes develop; everyday practices appeared protracted in comparison. Nevertheless, there was a strong emphasis on using contract procedures to investigate changes as a means of demonstrating best practice, transparent and accountable decision-making, even when it was known that a change was not required. Hence, the project team members' concerns for following procedures overshadowed considerations about the content of changes. Nevertheless, the contract procedures acted as boundary objects, coordinating the management of changes across communities of practice on the project. Similarly, the project team members drew upon past project experiences and often superficially reused technical terminology to mitigate their lack of understanding about changes. The original contribution to knowledge of this research is its in-depth insights into the complexity of managing changes on a construction project. It highlights the value that knowledge gained from ethnographic accounts, which respect the irreducibility of embedded practices, can have in improving understanding of construction. Furthermore, insights into how contract procedures facilitate and impede making changes can inform contract drafting.
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Hamblin, Lazaro Margaret. "The promotion of impressive in-session client changes, a discovery-oriented study of psychotherapeutic change." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2002. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/NQ66150.pdf.

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Sriram, Srinivasan. "An Investigation of Asymmetrical Power Relationships Existing in Auditor-Client Relationship During Auditor Changes." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1987. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc331678/.

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In recent years, considerable interest has been stimulated concerning potential conflicts of interest between a company's management and their independent auditors. Many researchers examined the association between corporations who changed their present auditors, and factors such as auditor's opinion on the financial statements, management changes, mergers, financial distress, etc. Some of these research efforts resulted in findings that were inconsistent with each other. The current research was therefore undertaken with the objective of developing a theoretical model of auditor change process and to explain the justification for considering certain specific factors that may be present in an auditor-client relationship. The research design and the methodology for analyses were developed on the basis of the theory on power conflicts found in political science literature and by the use of Wrong's power model on authority relationship. Sources of power such as the size of an audit firm, size of a corporation, the stock exchange membership, the ability of an auditor to qualify the opinion on the financial statements, the ability of the management of a corporation to terminate the audit contract following the issue of a qualified opinion, and change of a corporation's CEO were identified and converted into independent variables. Data were collected from secondary sources on a sample of 200 corporations, 100 companies that had changed their audit firm at least once during the period 1983-85, and 100 corporations that did not change their audit firm during this period. The resulting data were analyzed using the MDS-ALSCAL procedure and logit regression with maximum likelihood estimators. The findings of this research support the power model and its relevancy to the study of auditor-client relationship. The variables, client size, stock exchange membership, and audit firm size were found to have a significant association with corporations who changed their audit firms. However, the variable, change of CEO, was not found to be a significant cause of audit firm changes.
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Hazell, Nic. "Changes in client functioning during treatment at a secondary stage addiction facility: an analysis of case records." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/6852.

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Recent findings indicate that South Africa and, in particular, the Western Cape has some of the highest prevalence of substance use disorders and substance related problems in the world. Further, in the past decade, the prevalence of poly-substance use in South Africa has grown considerably. The high prevalence of substance use disorders and related problems in the Western Cape relative to an already significant national problem highlights the importance of local research on the effective treatment of substance use disorders. While there are outcome studies supporting the effectiveness of various addiction treatment models, and much is known about the various stages of intervention at addiction treatment facilities, little is known about the processes and mechanisms of addiction treatment and recovery. Various authors have proposed that researching patient progress through treatment is essential to growing our knowledge, improving treatments and generalising them to other settings. This study aimed to investigate client case files at a secondary stage addiction treatment facility in Cape Town to explore whether there were any discernible patterns in clients' functioning across different stages of treatment. The research took the form of a case study that used thematic analysis to discern patterns in qualitative data regarding reported observations of client's behaviours, cognitions, affects and physical states at different stages of addiction treatment. Comparisons were also made between the observations of clients with Axis II personality traits and those without Axis II personality traits, and between clients recovering from stimulant addiction and those recovering from non-stimulant addiction. The participants comprised a sample of 33 clients of a secondary stage addiction treatment facility in Cape Town, South Africa. Analysis yielded a number of possible patterns in the distribution of themes across time-points, some of which resonated with previous research, particularly regarding second order change, but also regarding Protracted Withdrawal Syndrome and 'The Wall'. The comparative analysis indicated that there might be both similarities and differences between subgroups of clients that may shed light on the use of matching hypotheses in the context of addiction treatment.
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Goddard, Francis [Verfasser]. "Insights into Auditor-Director Interactions : three studies on auditor choice, auditors’ billing tactics and client-initiated auditor changes / Francis Goddard." Berlin : ESCP Europe Wirtschaftshochschule Berlin, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1219223654/34.

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Stinson, Jill D. "Motivational Interviewing: Promoting Client Collaboration and Change." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7980.

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Korman, Lorne. "Changes in clients' emotion episodes in therapy." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0019/NQ27300.pdf.

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Stalikas, Anastassios. "Interrelationships between client strength of feeling, in-session client change events, and type of therapy." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/7471.

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A growing number of psychotherapy researchers are studying in-session events that signify therapeutic change, process or progress. Similarly, a number of psychotherapy theorists have suggested that client strength of feeling is related to therapeutic change, process and progress. The purpose of the present research was to: (a) examine the relationship between client change events and client strength of feeling, (b) identify what particular levels of client strength of feeling are related to given categories of client change events, and (c) examine the effects that type of therapy may have in the relationship between client change events and client strength of feeling. Judges assessed the occurrence of categories of client change events and the level of client strength of feeling in 982 statements in 10 sessions of client-centered, rational-emotive and experiential therapies. The findings indicated that: (a) there is an overall positive significant relationship between client change events and client strength of feeling; (b) given categories of client change events are significantly related to particular levels of client strength of feeling; and (c) type of therapy is a significant variable in the relationship between client change events and client strength of feeling. These findings have implications for psychotherapeutic practice and also for clinical theory, with especial relevance for the role and meaning of level of strength of feeling, in-session client change, and a practitioner relevant matrix of conducting sessions of therapy on the basis of the research variables. Possible directions for further research were outlined.
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Walford, Bernard. "Evolution of a project organisation in a client authority." Thesis, Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1989. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25946869.

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Fridner, Thomas. "What Facilitates Client Motivation for Change? : A critical look at self-determined behavior change." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för kommunikation och information, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-5168.

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Motivational Interviewing (MI) is a client-centered, directive approach for behavior change. Self-Determination Theory (SDT) is a theory of human motivation and self-determined growth. Both of these social-cognitive theories aim to explain motivation and health behavior change and have generated a lot of research on how to increase human motivation. However, MI lacks a definite theory on mechanisms of behavior change and SDT offers a theory of motivation based on extensive research on human interactions. This paper aims to critically look at facilitators of client motivation for behavior change in-session from a social-cognitive perspective on one hand, and neural correlates related to client behavior change on the other hand. MI and SDT somewhat similarly explain what most importantly determines client motivation for change in-session. However, SDT mainly focus on psychological needs such as fostering client autonomy, and MI focus on the therapeutic alliance and on generating client change talk in-session. Efforts to bridge the two methods aim at generating a clearer definition of motivation in MI, and a better framework of practice in SDT. Studies on neural correlates of behavior change support and challenge elements of both approaches, indicating the importance of autonomy and relatedness for motivating positive behavior change.
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Books on the topic "Client changes"

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Robertson, Katerina. A brief Dramatherapeutic intervention will bring changes to the internal and external somatic symptoms of a client. [Guildford]: [University of Surrey], 1998.

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Climat: Le vrai et le faux. Paris: Le Pommier, 2011.

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Jackson, Conrad N. Intervening in client organizations. Alexandria, Va: ASTD, 1992.

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Facilitating client change in rational emotive behaviour therapy. London: Whurr Publishers, 1995.

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Association internationale de climatologie. Colloque. Les relations climat-homme-climat. Warszawa: IGU UGI, 2003.

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Greenberg, Penelope. A client/server database change management system for UKERNA. Oxford: Oxford Brookes University, 2002.

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Denis, Lamarre, ed. Climat et risques: Changements d'approches : travaux. Paris: Tec & Doc, 2008.

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Empowering workers and clients for organizational change. Chicago, Illinois: Lyceum Books, Inc., 2014.

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Guy, Laval, ed. Incertitudes sur le climat. Paris: Belin-Pour la science, 2013.

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The client who changed me: Stories of therapist personal transformation. New York, NY: Routledge, 2006.

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Book chapters on the topic "Client changes"

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Czerniawska, Fiona. "Changes in the Client-Consultant Relationship." In Management Consultancy in the 21st Century, 13–21. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-14873-8_2.

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Czerniawska, Fiona. "The Consulting Market: Changes in the Client-Consultant Relationship." In Management Consultancy, 13–28. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781403907189_2.

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Auge-Dickhut, Stefanie, Bernhard Koye, and Axel Liebetrau. "Newcomer – die unbekannten Game Changer." In Client Value Generation, 23–40. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-01524-4_2.

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Sneddon, Wendy. "Step 8: how to build a loyal client database and marketing your practice." In Ten steps to building a successful veterinary practice, 77–86. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781786394910.0008.

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Abstract In the context of veterinary practice, this chapter offers advice on how to provide a better client experience and gain new clients. Some marketing tips are presented, including with regard to digital channels, brands, corporate social responsibility (CSR), and client events.
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Tallman, Karen, and Arthur C. Bohart. "The client as a common factor: Clients as self-healers." In The heart and soul of change: What works in therapy., 91–131. Washington: American Psychological Association, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/11132-003.

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Levitov, Justin E., and Kevin A. Fall. "Helping Clients Change." In Becoming an Effective Counselor, 169–94. New York: Routledge, 2019.: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351133593-7.

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Hofstadler, Christian, and Markus Kummer. "Worked Examples – Client." In Chances and Risks in Construction Management and Economics, 329–429. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64014-9_9.

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Waldeck, Jennifer H. "Mobilizing a client for change." In The Handbook of Communication Training, 6–20. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2018.: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315185859-3.

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Muntigl, Peter, and Adam Horvath. "Language, psychotherapy and client change." In A New Agenda in (Critical) Discourse Analysis, 213–39. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/dapsac.13.14mun.

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Gallagher-Thompson, Dolores, and Larry W. Thompson. "Age-Related Issues That Affect CBT." In Treating Late Life Depression, 41–62. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med-psych/9780195383690.003.0003.

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Specific client groups often require specific procedural changes to ensure that the CBT model is applied optimally to facilitate improvement in the client’s level of adjustment and quality of life. This is particularly the case for older individuals, who often undergo numerous social, psychological, and physical health changes that are less evident in quantity and quality in other client groups seeking therapy. This chapter addresses age-related issues that the therapist should keep in mind when using CBT with older clients.
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Conference papers on the topic "Client changes"

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Hancock, Liane, Dan Burkett, and Kari Smith. "The Client." In 2019 ACSA Fall Conference. ACSA Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.fall.19.9.

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As a teaching profession, faculty need not only to accommodate, but also to embrace differences in an increasingly diverse client base. Faculty need to move beyond empathy and doing good to respect and service. To facilitate this, students need to have real clients introduced at an earlier stage – down at foundation level. This paper serves as case study: it outlines changes to assignments in second year studio that enhance student engagement, and traces results through student interview. The paper describes the direct experience in the foundation studio, and documents how that experience affected students’ view of client.
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van der Vlugt, Michel, and Samuel Sambasivam. "Redesign of Stand-Alone Applications into Thin-Client/Server Architecture." In InSITE 2005: Informing Science + IT Education Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/2930.

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One of the characteristics in software development is that software systems require changes once they are deployed in an operational environment. When the software is being used by the intended audience it is almost inevitable that errors are found, requirements change or new requirements emerge because of changes in the business processes. Depending on the nature of these modifications and the life-time of the software, the impact on the existing software will vary from simple error solving to complete architectural transformation. In this paper the architectural transformation is presented of stand-alone applications, redesigned into thin-client/server architecture to improve the application’s flexibility, interoperability, performance, distribution and scalability. The strategy proposed in this paper is a decomposition of the original application in which functionality is categorized and distributed in N-tier client/server architecture. The client application only contains the user-interface while the remaining functionality is split across multiple server applications. The software that is subject for redesign in this paper is a recently developed Point-Of-Sale application, initially designed as a stand-alone application. The goal of redesigning the application is to reduce the front-end hardware requirements, improve the application’s flexibility and make the application applicable for a wider range of usage. The redesign approach is evaluated by implementation of a proto-type Point-Of-Sale application, which has proven that an N-tier client/server Point-Of-Sale application is a feasible solution and leads to a very flexible and highly scalable application.
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Challice, David, and Peter Hogarth. "The Role of Intranets to Facilitate Designer/Client Communication." In ASME 2001 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2001/ied-21216.

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Abstract Speed of product to the market place was always important. This has become increasingly so with the onslaught of globalisation. What is released on the High Street in the USA today will be sold on the shelves and counters of shops in other continents within days. This has placed pressure on the designer to complete his task or contract with even more alacrity than was the case, even as recently as ten years ago. The cliché “we have the Technology”, is a truism in the world of manufacturing and design, but use of the available technology is, perhaps, not as apparent as it is generally accepted to be. In order to get the product to the market at the right price demands an ever closer liaison between the product designer and the client. More often than not, the “product” is an enhancement or improvement of one which already exists. In addition, it is not unusual for the designer to be a contractor or 3rd party not physically resident in the premises of the client. As a consequence, communication is rarely conducted face to face but via other means, ie e-mail, telephone etc. Yet, in order to prevent misunderstanding, it is essential that correct information is relayed between the relevant parties. It is also necessary for the information about changes in the product to be available to other members of the client’s company so that the necessary decisions regarding price, sales schedules, re-tooling etc. can be made. Ultimately, these changes will have to be incorporated in the company’s Business Plan. Research at Bournemouth University suggests that use of the technology available to relay information is not as widespread as it could be. The three major areas of finance, product and design have been approached and the results of the research appear below.
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Couch, Matthew B., and Timothy S. Newman. "A client-server view-dependent isosurfacing approach with support for local view changes." In IS&T/SPIE Electronic Imaging, edited by David L. Kao, Ming C. Hao, Mark A. Livingston, and Thomas Wischgoll. SPIE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2079802.

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Morkos, Beshoy, and Joshua D. Summers. "Requirement Change Propagation Prediction Approach: Results From an Industry Case Study." In ASME 2010 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2010-28562.

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This paper presents an industry case study investigating change propagation due to requirement changes. This paper makes use of a change propagation prediction tool, ΔDSM, to identify if the propagated changes could have been identified and predicted. The study used an automation firm’s client project as the study subject. The project entailed 160 requirements, changing over the span of 15 month. Engineering change notifications were developed for each change and documented under the firm’s data management system. This study makes use of the change notifications to identify if any of the change were as a result of a previous change. The findings of this paper indicated the changes that occurred could have been predicted as the ΔDSM was able to predict affected requirements. This was identified by finding subsequent requirements in the engineering change notification documentation that the ΔDSM indicated might change.
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Donohue, Brian P. "Evaluation of Modern Passenger Side Door Types and Integration With Car Design for Heavy Rail and Light Rail Applications in North America." In 2010 Joint Rail Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2010-36023.

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In 2007–08, a study of passenger side entrance door types and integration with overall car design was conducted by Parsons Brinckerhoff (PB) for a client in the State of California. As found on many other intercity and commuter operations in North America, the client had for years endured a variety of technical challenges with the side entrance doors that had compromised passenger service and safety. Recent advances in side entrance door designs and the subsequent changes to new car specifications have opened the door to solutions to many of these challenges; solutions include hardware changes to the door panels and assemblies, and intelligent systems included in software and sensors of the door control for monitoring and diagnosing door settings, operations and faults in real time. Through field inspections and equipment evaluations, this study determined that the majority of the faults were caused by contamination. A principle solution to eliminating this contamination was determined to be in the door seals and subsequent door panel type. Among the recommendations made to the client were to change from a bi-parting pocket sliding door system to a bi-parting sliding plug door system. This paper presents two portions of the PB study: 1) an overview of the technical challenges of operating intercity and commuter rail passenger service in California, and 2) an industry study that identifies the latest in appropriate technologies for service in California. Modern rail passenger cars with similar service and bi-parting pocket sliding doors are evaluated. This paper also discusses how the findings in California can be applied to other commuter, heavy and light rail transit operations in North America.
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Cox, Jamie W., Denis Grimshaw, and Carmine D’Agostino. "Material Technology Trends to Improve Multi-Layer Coatings: Challenges to Traditional Thinking." In 1996 1st International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc1996-1829.

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Current Global acceptance of the three layer polyethylene coating system for the exterior coating of steel pipelines (for almost any environment on-shore/off-shore for oil, gas or water pipelines) has helped to expand the present coating use. The focus of this paper will be on coating material changes by technology, to up-grade the end use of the coating system and to present those changes to the engineering and corrosion community to the benefit of the end user or client.
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Foster, Cheryl V., Yuri Shapirstein, Christopher D. Cera, and William C. Regli. "Multi-User Modeling of NURBS-Based Objects." In ASME 2001 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2001/cie-21256.

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Abstract This paper presents MUG, a multi-user environment for collaborative conceptual shape design. The majority of current research prototypes and commercial systems for collaborative modeling emphasize data sharing and markup. Collaborative 3D environments and virtual worlds usually restrict themselves to models with display representations (e.g., VRML) and asynchronous sharing of distinct objects. Our MUG prototype enables collaborative modeling of individual shapes: multiple users, operating at a distance, working on the same design. In our current work, we have focused on collaborative shape modeling of NURBS — allowing users to select control points and concurrently manipulate the same entity. To achieve this functionality, we have developed a protocol for synchronous mathematical construction of NURBS forms. We have adopted a multi-client/single server architecture in which changes are synchronized at a collaboration server and propagated to the clients. Our implementation uses Sun Microsystems’ Java, along with the Java3D and JavaSpaces extensions. In addition, as part of this work, we have developed a Java-based NURBS library, as well as faceting and rendering routines specifically suited for a light-weight collaborative environment. We believe that as network connectivity continues to radically reshape the design process, we need to enable new design techniques based on intimately shared design spaces. We believe that our approach illustrates one channel in which collaborative engineering systems can be better integrated with collaborative work environments.
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McComb, Christopher, Jonathan Cagan, and Kenneth Kotovsky. "Quantitative Comparison of High- and Low-Performing Teams in a Design Task Subject to Drastic Changes." In ASME 2014 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2014-34653.

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Many design tasks are subject to changes in goals or constraints. For instance, a client might modify specifications after design has commenced, or a competitor may introduce a new technology or feature. A design team often cannot anticipate such changes, yet they pose a considerable challenge. This paper presents a study where engineering teams sought to solve a design task that was subject to two large, unexpected changes in problem formulation that occurred during problem solving. Continuous design data was collected to observe how the designers responded to the changes. We show that high- and low-performing teams demonstrated very different approaches to solving the problem and overcoming the changes. In particular, high-performing teams achieved simple designs and extensively explored small portions of the design space; low-performing teams explored complex designs with little exploration around a target area of the design space. These strategic differences are interpreted with respect to cognitive load theory and goal theory. The results raise questions as to the relationship between characteristics of design problems and solution strategies. In addition, an attempt at increasing the teams’ resilience in the face of unexpected changes is introduced by encouraging early divergent search.
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Medhat, S. "Client/server computing - an engine for change and growth." In International Seminar on Client/Server Computing. IEE, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ic:19951146.

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Reports on the topic "Client changes"

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Matlock, Nathan. Survey of Client Perspective On The Use of Veterinary Telemedicine For Chronic Disease Management. University of Tennessee Health Science Center, April 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21007/chp.hiim.0070.

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Veterinary Telehealth is a rapidly growing sector of Veterinary Medicine. Technological advancements have allowed for vast changes in the way chronic disease states can be managed. There are many facets of telemedicine that must be researched to determine the productiveness of such technological advances. The first step in determination of implementation is that of community acceptance and likely utilization. This project’s scope is to determine client perspective on the use of veterinary telemedicine for chronic disease state(s) management.
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Terebilo, Andrei. Channel Access Client Toolbox for Matlab. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/799983.

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Voices of vulnerable and underserved adolescents in Guatemala: A summary of the qualitative study 'Understanding the lives of indigenous young people in Guatemala'. Population Council, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/pgy19.1011.

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Governments in developing countries recognize the need for appropriate technology for the treatment of emergencies from incomplete abortion or miscarriage. Numerous studies have investigated the appropriateness of an integrated model of postabortion care (PAC) that includes three essential elements: emergency treatment for spontaneous or induced abortion; counseling and family planning services; and links to other reproductive health services. Many integrated PAC services include replacement of the conventional clinical treatment, sharp curettage (SC), with manual vacuum aspiration (MVA). In 1997 and 1999 the Population Council supported intervention studies in Mexico and Bolivia, respectively, to assess PAC programs in terms of safety, effectiveness, quality of care, cost, and subsequent contraceptive use by clients. Both interventions introduced integrated PAC services and compared the outcomes of MVA and SC use in large public hospitals. To assess changes in service quality and costs, researchers analyzed clinical records and interviewed clients and providers before and after the interventions. As noted in this summary, SC and MVA are equally safe and effective and can be provided on an outpatient basis. Integrating clinical treatment with family planning counseling and services increased clients’ knowledge and contraceptive use.
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Bolivia and Mexico: System-wide planning is needed for decentralized postabortion care. Population Council, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh16.1000.

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Governments in developing countries recognize the need for appropriate technology for the treatment of emergencies from incomplete abortion or miscarriage. Numerous studies have investigated the appropriateness of an integrated model of postabortion care (PAC) that includes three essential elements: emergency treatment for spontaneous or induced abortion; counseling and family planning services; and links to other reproductive health services. Many integrated PAC services include replacement of the conventional clinical treatment, sharp curettage (SC), with manual vacuum aspiration (MVA). In 1997 and 1999 the Population Council supported intervention studies in Mexico and Bolivia, respectively, to assess PAC programs in terms of safety, effectiveness, quality of care, cost, and subsequent contraceptive use by clients. Both interventions introduced integrated PAC services and compared the outcomes of MVA and SC use in large public hospitals. To assess changes in service quality and costs, researchers analyzed clinical records and interviewed clients and providers before and after the interventions. As noted in this summary, SC and MVA are equally safe and effective and can be provided on an outpatient basis. Integrating clinical treatment with family planning counseling and services increased clients’ knowledge and contraceptive use.
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