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Journal articles on the topic 'Client changes'
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Pelczarski, Kristin M., and J. Scott Yaruss. "Accompanying a Client on His Therapy Journey." Perspectives on Fluency and Fluency Disorders 18, no. 2 (August 2008): 64–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/ffd18.2.64.
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Abstract This paper discusses the “journey” that clients take when entering therapy, and some of the challenges they may face along the way. Various roadblocks, such as the need to practice therapy skills, unrealistic expectations about outcomes of therapy, and the difficulty of the journey can cause the client to stumble along the path and, thereby, minimize the client’s chances of success. This paper emphasizes how the clinician must be attuned to the client to help him benefit from therapy and how the clinician must remain flexible in order to adapt to the changes that occur as a speaker’s journey unfolds.
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Asthana, Sharad C., and Rachana Kalelkar. "Effect of Client Reputation on Audit Fees at the Office Level: An Examination of S&P 500 Index Membership." AUDITING: A Journal of Practice & Theory 33, no. 1 (July 1, 2013): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/ajpt-50572.
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SUMMARY Prior studies have examined the effect of a decline in the auditor's or client's reputation on auditor switching, market shares, and stock prices. We extend these studies by examining the effect of an unexpected increase in a client's reputation on audit fees at the office level. We argue that association with a reputed client will enhance the auditor's reputation and establish a brand name, thus enabling the auditor to charge higher fees from other clients. Using a client's inclusion into the prestigious S&P 500 index as a proxy for the client's change in reputation, we find that the audit fees are discounted for this S&P client when it enters the index. The audit fee for this client increases following its exit from the index. We posit that changes in the audit fees for the S&P 500 clients are attributable to the changes in the reporting quality of these firms following their entry to and exit from the index. We also find increases in the audit fees of non-S&P clients of the audit office around such events. We argue that the presence of S&P clients helps auditors differentiate themselves from other auditors and allows them to extract rents from non-S&P clients. Last, we find no evidence of improvement in the reporting quality of other non-S&P clients, supporting our rent-extraction story.
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Poss, Jeffrey, Chi-Ling Sinn, Galina Grinchenko, Lialoma Salam-White, and John Hirdes. "Comparing Changes and Transitions of Home Care Clients in Retirement Homes and Private Homes." Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement 39, no. 3 (August 15, 2019): 421–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0714980819000473.
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ABSTRACTLong-stay home care clients mostly reside in private homes or retirement homes, and the type of residence may influence risk factors for long-term care placement. This multi-state analytic study uses RAI-Home Care and administrative data from the Hamilton Niagara Haldimand Brant Local Health Integration Network to model conceptualized states of risk at baseline through a 13-month follow-up period. Modifiable risk factors in these states were client loneliness or depressive symptoms, and caregiver distress. A higher adjusted likelihood of being discharged deceased was found for the lowest-risk clients in retirement homes. Adjusting for client, service, and caregiver characteristics, retirement home residency was associated with higher likelihood of placement in a long-term care home; reduced caregiver distress; and increased client loneliness/depression. As an alternative to private home settings as the location for aging in place among these long-stay home care clients, retirement home residency represents some trade-offs between client and informal caregiver.
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Hogan, Chris E., and Roger D. Martin. "Risk Shifts in the Market for Audits: An Examination of Changes in Risk for “Second Tier” Audit Firms." AUDITING: A Journal of Practice & Theory 28, no. 2 (November 1, 2009): 93–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/aud.2009.28.2.93.
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SUMMARY: The market for audit services has been affected in recent years by significant changes like the demise of Andersen and the implementation of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. One impact of these market changes has been an increase in the frequency of auditor switches, and in particular, the frequency of clients switching from Big 4 auditors to smaller audit firms. We examine whether this switching activity has resulted in changes in the risk characteristics of publicly traded clients of Second Tier audit firms. This analysis is important as regulators are concerned about audit market concentration and would like to see the Second Tier audit firms expand their share of the publicly traded client market. Results indicate that Second Tier firms are accepting clients with potentially increased audit and client business risk characteristics relative to their existing client base, but they also appear to be “shedding” clients that have increased audit and client business risk characteristics relative to their existing client base. Some of the differences in risk characteristics for those departing clients are more pronounced in the period after 2000, when we expect the most significant changes in the audit market occurred. Second Tier auditors are increasingly exposed to more business risk as they accept larger clients coming from Big 4 predecessor auditors, which may increase their exposure to litigation.
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Carson, Elizabeth, Roger Simnett, Billy S. Soo, and Arnold M. Wright. "Changes in Audit Market Competition and the Big N Premium." AUDITING: A Journal of Practice & Theory 31, no. 3 (August 1, 2012): 47–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/ajpt-10295.
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SUMMARY We respond to calls for research into the effect of the decline in the number of Big N firms on market power and consequential impact on competition (U.S. Department of the Treasury 2008; European Commission 2010; U.K. House of Lords 2011) by analyzing the change in Big N audit fee premium over the Big 6, Big 5, and Big 4 periods, and across different client segments. Using a large sample of Australian publicly listed companies over the years 1996–2007, we find that while premiums paid to Big N auditors have increased significantly for the Big 4 and Big 5 periods compared to the Big 6 period, the growth has not been shared equally across all client segments. In particular, while the largest global clients pay some of the highest premiums, the increase in premiums for this group in the Big 4 period has been lower than those experienced by other clients. We also observe that premiums paid to industry specialists have declined relative to the Big 6 period, but fee discounts offered to clients switching to a Big N auditor from a non-Big N auditor have increased. In all, we find that the premiums paid by Big N clients increased in line with consolidation in the number of Big N audit firms, but the impact varied across client segments.
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Adams, Susan A. "Who Is My Client? Maintaining Paperwork When the Client Changes." Family Journal 18, no. 1 (January 2010): 70–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1066480709357729.
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Chen, Charles J. P., Xijia Su, and Xi Wu. "Auditor Changes Following a Big 4 Merger with a Local Chinese Firm: A Case Study." AUDITING: A Journal of Practice & Theory 29, no. 1 (May 1, 2010): 41–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/aud.2010.29.1.41.
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SUMMARY: This study examines auditor-client relationships following the high-profile merger of a local Chinese audit firm, Da-Hua CPAs, with a Big 4 firm, Ernst & Young, to create EYDH in early 2002. Of the 46 domestically listed clients Da-Hua had at the time of the merger, 30 switched to other audit firms during 2002–04. This large loss of clients could be attributed either anecdotally to a lack of post-merger managerial and cultural congruence, or to a lack of demand for high quality audits. We examine 11 (13) switching clients in 2002 (2004) as early (late) switchers. Although our archival analyses suggest that the switching decisions of early switchers are more likely to be explained by common factors such as changes in client structural characteristics, post-merger client portfolio management, and client-auditor friction over accounting treatments, late switchers do not differ from late non-switchers in terms of these factors. However, we find some time-serial evidence that late switchers follow their audit partners to a local audit firm mainly for greater discretion over financial reporting. Further, semi-structured focused interviews reveal that late switchers found it difficult to adapt to EYDH’s practices which, in their view, were less cooperative and too risk aversive. Overall, the results of our case study are consistent with the notion that clients switch from Big 4 to local firms mainly for more lenient audit treatments.
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Peper, Erik, Dianne M. Shumay, and Donald Moss. "Change Illness Beliefs with Biofeedback and Somatic Feedback." Biofeedback 40, no. 4 (December 1, 2012): 154–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5298/1081-5937-40.4.02.
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The Health Belief Model proposes that medical treatment and patient self-care plans need to be congruent with the client's illness beliefs. When the client's illness attributions are compatible, the client is more likely to comply with both medical treatment and self-care. The authors emphasize the internal versus external locus of control dimension in illness attributions. Clients may believe that the illness is outside of personal control and that only external treatment such as surgery or medication will help. With such beliefs in place, the client is unlikely to be open to a regimen emphasizing self-regulation and personal behavioral changes. The authors propose that biofeedback and somatic feedback exercises provide effective tools for changing illness attributions and awaken the client to the impact of thoughts and emotions on physiology. A case study and a description of a somatic feedback exercise illustrate the approach.
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Boshoff, Willem H. "The strategic implications of black empowerment policy in South Africa: a case study of boundary choice and client preferences in a small services firm." South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences 15, no. 2 (June 5, 2012): 207–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajems.v15i2.54.
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This paper studies the relationship between a firm’s boundary choices within its value chain and the BEE pressures it faces from its clients. The paper shows that BEE policy alters the value chain preferences of a firm’s clients. These changes in client preferences motivate the firm to altering its boundaries. More important, boundary changes due to BEE are implemented in a way that ensures that the firm retains crucial architectural knowledge, which preserves its competitive advantage. Firms therefore do not respond passively to BEE-induced changes in client preferences, but aim to meet BEE aims within their broader strategic environment.
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Cairney, Tim, and Errol G. Stewart. "Client industry characteristics and auditor changes." Review of Accounting and Finance 18, no. 2 (May 13, 2019): 245–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/raf-01-2017-0017.
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Purpose This study aims to examine whether the industry characteristics of homogeneity, product competition, high auditor competition and accounting standards complexity are associated with auditor changes. Design/methodology/approach Logistic regressions test for significance of the industry characteristics on resignations, dismissals and directional changes to and from Big 4 and nonBig 4 auditors after controlling for client, auditor and engagement factors. Findings The authors report a lower likelihood of auditor resignations with greater accounting standards complexity. The authors also report a greater likelihood of auditor dismissals with greater industry homogeneity, greater product competition and greater auditor competition. Results also show that accounting standards complexity is associated with a lower likelihood of changes from Big to nonBig auditors, and industry homogeneity is associated with a greater likelihood of changes from Big to nonBig. Also, greater auditor competition is associated with a lower likelihood of changes from nonBig to Big auditors. Research limitations/implications Prior research has established the importance of industry characteristics to the market for audit services (Cairney and Stewart, 2015; Wang and Chui, 2015; Cahan et al., 2011; Bills et al., 2015). The authors report that industry characteristics also impact auditor changes. Second, previous research has used various methods that indicate general industry effects on changes. The paper contributes to this research by specifying industry characteristics. Limitations include the reliance on the self-reporting in 8-Ks to identify auditors resigning and firms dismissing auditors. Also, the paper relies on proxies for industry characteristics that were developed in prior research. Practical implications Regulators have expressed concern over the relatively low rates of auditor changes and the problem of lack of auditor choice. By demonstrating a significant effect of industry characteristics on changes, the authors indicate some levers that may be available to influence rates of auditor changes, especially realignments to nonBig. Originality/value This is one of the first studies to examine how specific industry characteristics impact auditor changes. The study may be of interest to academics who are interested in how industry factors influence auditor changes. It may also interest policymakers who could lever the characteristics of industries to address concerns about the low rates of auditor changes.
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Peden-McAlpine, Cynthia, and Nanette Clark. "Early Recognition of Client Status Changes." Dimensions of Critical Care Nursing 21, no. 4 (July 2002): 144–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003465-200207000-00006.
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Filchenkov, Andrey, Natalia Khanzhina, Arina Tsai, and Ivan Smetannikov. "Regularization of Autoencoders for Bank Client Profiling Based on Financial Transactions." Risks 9, no. 3 (March 17, 2021): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/risks9030054.
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Predicting if a client is worth giving a loan—credit scoring—is one of the most essential and popular problems in banking. Predictive models for this goal are built on the assumption that there is a dependency between the client’s profile before the loan approval and their future behavior. However, circumstances that cause changes in the client’s behavior may not depend on their will and cannot be predicted by their profile. Such clients may be considered “noisy” as their eventual belonging to the defaulters class results rather from random factors than from some predictable rules. Excluding such clients from the dataset may be helpful in building more accurate predictive models. In this paper, we report on primary results on testing the hypothesis that a client can become a defaulter in two scenarios: intentionally and unintentionally. We verify our hypothesis applying data driven regularized classification using an autoencoder to client profiles. To model an intention as a hidden variable, we propose an especially designed regularizer for the autoencoder. The regularizer aims to obtain a representation of defaulters that includes a cluster of intentional defaulters and unintentional defaulters as outliers. The outliers were detected by our model and excluded from the dataset. This improved the credit scoring model and confirmed our hypothesis.
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Fisher, Steven A., and Dorothy M. Fisher. "Independent Auditor Switching And Changes In Corporate Bond Ratings." Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR) 9, no. 2 (October 2, 2011): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jabr.v9i2.6076.
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The creditability that independent audits add to financial reporting is undermined when clients change their independent auditors. Although the subject of numerous research studies there is a lack of definitive evidence concerning client motivation for switching independent auditors. This effort opens a new avenue of study and investigates the possible relationship between independent auditor switching and changes in corporate bond ratings. The findings suggest that clients are likely to experience decreasing bond ratings prior to and subsequent to switching independent auditors.
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Peter, Rosalene Caruana, Simon Grima, and Frank. "Selected Behavioural Factors in Client-Initiated Auditor Changes: The Client-Auditor Perspectives." EUROPEAN RESEARCH STUDIES JOURNAL XX, Issue 2A (November 1, 2017): 16–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.35808/ersj/627.
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Hasmira, Hasmira, Budi Anna Keliat, and Giur Hargiana. "Application of Family Psychoeducation to Client Psychosocial Disorder Anxiety and Body Image Due." Jurnal Keperawatan Jiwa 8, no. 4 (September 6, 2020): 485. http://dx.doi.org/10.26714/jkj.8.4.2020.485-490.
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Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease that is becoming poses a threat to global health and requires special attention. The prevalence of Diabetes mellitus has increased significantly throughout the world in the last 10 years. Indonesia ranks sixth among people with diabetes worldwide. Anxiety and body image are of the psychosocial effects given from Diabetes mellitus. Anxiety and body image can affect the client’s diet, causing changes in nutrition. Through case report by providing family psychoeducation therapy in the form of stress management that can reduce and even overcome anxiety and body image is very useful for clients and families to reduce the risk of body image for clients who experience nutritional imbalances and family body image that treats clients with Diabetes mellitus. This study aims help to overcome anxiety and body image disorders in diabetes mellitus clients so that diabetes mellitus clients have a good appetite. In addition, families are also able to cope with stress in treating diabetes mellitus clients. Research using case studies shows that clients already have a good appetite, anxiety and impaired body image can be lowered and the family is able to cope with stress and able to treat clients with diabetes mellitus. Family psychoeducation therapy is very useful in reducing the level of anxiety and disruption of the body image of a diabetes mellitus client in supporting the client’s diet and being able to deal with family stress in caring for a diabetes mellitus client.
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Zhikharevich, Boris, and Viacheslav Maracha. "Strategic Consultant and Client: Interaction Models." Regionalnaya ekonomika. Yug Rossii, no. 1 (May 2020): 75–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/re.volsu.2020.1.7.
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The paper analyzes theoretical models of relations between executive authorities of federal subjects of the Russian Federation, municipalities (client) and organizations providing services for creating social and economic development strategies (strategic consultant). The authors study the evolution of these relations and the market of territorial strategic consulting from the moment of the emergence of territorial strategic planning in Russia to the present. The researchers identify factors causing serious changes in the models of relations “consultant – client” after the adoption of the Federal Law “On Strategic Planning in the Russian Federation” and tightening of public procurement standards. Theoretical constructions are supported by the statements of the heads of several leading Russian consulting teams. The authors have made a simplified classification of consultants, which includes “innovator”, “pragmatist”, “operator of changes”, and a classification of clients, which includes “progressor”, “formalist”, “populist”. The paper identifies essential characteristics of emerging substantive relationships: positioning of the advisor (“innovator” or “outsourcer”), depth of involvement of the parties into the strategizing process, level of client’s boss participation, form and regularity of communications, compatibility of worldviews. The authors identify two basic models. The preferred one is “partnership under the leadership of an consultant” and the ineffective one is “domination of a client with a low interest”. At the same time, the key characteristic is positioning of the consultant, which is connected with the market segmentation of the territorial strategic consulting. The researchers identify the problem of “tiredness” from standard strategic planning and propose options to modify this process. The authors systematize the problems that complicate the formation of an effective model of relations “consultant – client” associated with the selection and hiring of a consulting system according to the rules of public procurement and give recommendations for the improvement of the strategic planning process which are addressed to clients and consultant and are based on approaching to the model of their relations, which has been seen as the most productive.
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O'Neill, Emma Amy. "Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaires strengths and limitations as an evaluation and practice tool in Social Work." Aotearoa New Zealand Social Work 30, no. 2 (August 26, 2018): 28–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.11157/anzswj-vol30iss2id403.
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INTRODUCTION: The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) is an internationally recognised psychometric and behavioural screening tool. The Ministry of Social Development (MSD) have endorsed the SDQ as the primary behavioural screening and client outcome evaluation tool for the Social Workers in Schools (SWiS) service in 2018. The usefulness of the SDQ in social work practice and in evaluating client outcomes, however, remains unclear. This study explored two years of aggregated Youth Workers in Secondary Schools (YWiSS) SDQ scores to understand what client outcomes could be evidenced. This study further reflects on SDQs as a contractually mandated practice tool and their appropriateness in social work practice.METHOD: Data were collected from the Family Works Northern (FWN) YWiSS database.Data modelling and analysis tested what aggregated client, parent and teacher SDQ scorescommunicated for changes in clients’ behavioural difficulties at service entry, mid-point and exit. FINDINGS: Analysis of two years of YWiSS client, parent and teacher SDQ scores aggregated at a service level provided inconsistent evidence of client need and outcomes by SDQ thematic categories. A number of factors, including the SDQ being voluntary, clients exiting service early and the challenge of asking the same teachers and parents to complete an SDQ, meant that there were very few SDQ scores completed by all parties at the service exit point, following a two-year intervention.CONCLUSION: The findings in this research suggest that the SDQ as a standalone behavioural screening and outcome evaluation tool within social work is limited. Aggregated YWiSS SDQ results provided limited insights about the complexity of client needs or any intervention outcomes to practitioners, social service providers and funders. The use of SDQ in social work requires further scrutiny to test its ability to communicate a client’s level of need and any intervention outcomes to these stakeholders.
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Kiselnikova, N. V., E. V. Lavrova, T. N. Almukhametova, E. A. Kuminskaya, and F. R. Rzaeva. "Phenomenological Analysis of the Dynamics of Clients’ Experience in the Process of Psychotherapy: A Case-Study. Part 2." Консультативная психология и психотерапия 28, no. 3 (2020): 8–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/cpp.2020280302.
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The paper reports the results of the phenomenological study of client experiences in the process of psychotherapy. It describes the stages of categorization, generalization, and interpretation of data. We raised the following questions: what changes happen to client experiences during the same treatment session and between sessions; and how these changes relate to the components of optimal experience. The sample consisted of 6 people aged 32—53, 5 women, and one man. One female client attended four meetings with a psychotherapist; the male and four female clients attended three meetings each. The transcripts were coded by two independent experts, followed by a joint discussion. First, unique semantic units were marked, then the statements were coded and categorized by experts. We give an account of the generalized dynamics of client experiences. The results of applying the categorical grid of the model of optimal experience to the dynamics of client experiences are presented separately. The yielded results can be interpreted as qualitative effectiveness markers of psychotherapeutic work.
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Donelson, Dain C., Matthew S. Ege, and Justin Leiby. "Audit Firm Reputational Consequences of Alleged Non-Accounting Misconduct by Clients: How Bargaining Power Temporarily Shifts Around Securities Litigation." AUDITING: A Journal of Practice & Theory 38, no. 4 (March 1, 2019): 77–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/ajpt-52405.
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SUMMARY This study examines how auditor-client bargaining power changes when misconduct unrelated to accounting, which we proxy for using non-accounting securities fraud lawsuits, is revealed at another client of the auditor. This type of misconduct can cause perceived reputational damage for the auditor that temporarily increases client bargaining power. In the year after suit filing, fees are lower for clients in the same city-industry office as the sued client, but are unchanged for clients of other auditors in the same city-industry, suggesting the effect is not due to economic distress. This effect is stronger (1) when suits are severe, likely because the negative information is more salient, and (2) when client bargaining power is stronger. Overall, these results provide evidence that reputation is important for U.S. audit firms. Further, the results also support the notion that reputation is susceptible to temporary damage from events beyond auditors' control. JEL Classifications: K22; M42; M49.
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Tchernichovski, Ofer, Marissa King, Peter Brinkmann, Xanadu Halkias, Daniel Fimiarz, Laurent Mars, and Dalton Conley. "Tradeoff Between Distributed Social Learning and Herding Effect in Online Rating Systems." SAGE Open 7, no. 1 (January 2017): 215824401769107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244017691078.
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We investigated how social diffusion increased client participation in an online rating system and, in turn, how this herding effect may affect the metrics of client feedback over the course of years. In a field study, we set up a transparent feedback system for university services: During the process of making service requests, clients were presented with short-term trends of client satisfaction with relevant service outcomes. Deploying this feedback system initially increased satisfaction moderately. Thereafter, mean satisfaction levels remained stable between 50% and 60%. Interestingly, at the individual client level, satisfaction increased significantly with experience despite the lack of any global trend across all users. These conflicting results can be explained at the social network level: If satisfied clients attracted new clients with more negative attitudes (a herding effect), then the net increase in service clients may dampen changes in global trends at the individual level. Three observations support this hypothesis: first, the number of service clients providing feedback increased monotonically over time. Second, spatial analysis of service requests showed a pattern of expansion from floor to floor. Finally, satisfaction increased over iterations only in clients who scored below average.
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Plugge, Albert, Mark Borman, and Marijn Janssen. "Strategic manoeuvers in outsourcing arrangements." Strategic Outsourcing: An International Journal 9, no. 2 (June 20, 2016): 139–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/so-12-2015-0031.
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Purpose Adaptation is often seen as a key competitive advantage for outsourcing vendors. Outsourcing research has often assumed that vendor capabilities are static. However, as a result of uncertainties and/or changes in the client environment, vendors need to be able to adapt their outsourcing capabilities. The aim of our research is to compare two contrasting outsourcing approaches and illustrate how an adaptive approach may deliver better results for clients in the long term. Design/methodology/approach The paper uses a combination of literature and case study research. A retrospective case study approach was adopted, using interviews, observations and analysis of reports. Two case studies utilizing contrasting clients approaches were investigated and compared. In one of the case studies, the client reorganized activities first and then outsourced them, while in the other, the client did the reverse – outsourced first and then reorganized. Findings The findings indicate that reorganizing first and outsourcing afterwards contributes to a more controlled implementation, which results in a more defined and stable set of vendor outsourcing capabilities that contributed to short-term success. In contrast, outsourcing first and reorganizing later demonstrates a less controlled redesign of the client’s organizational structure, which requires a malleable set of outsourcing capabilities to accommodate future change. The latter strategic manoeuver results in an extended adaptation period, as some capabilities need to be developed over time. However, it may improve success over time as subsequent changes in the client environment can be catered for in a better way. Research limitations/implications Only two explorative case studies were performed, limiting confidence in the degree of generalization of the results. We plea for more research on the effect of context dependency as various contingencies may impact the adaptation of outsourcing capabilities; for example, the volatility of the client’s market or the stability of the technology concerned. Practical implications When a client applies a proactive manoeuver, reorganizing first and then applying outsourcing, the number of adaptive capabilities required of the outsourcing vendor is reduced, limiting the risk for the client in the short term. In the longer term, however, subsequent change requirements may be less well-accommodated. Originality/value Strategic manoeuvers within an outsourcing context have received limited attention in research. As far as we know, this is the first empirical research that investigates the benefits of vendors having adaptive capability.
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Xiao, Qiuyu, Michael K. Reiter, and Yinqian Zhang. "Personalized Pseudonyms for Servers in the Cloud." Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies 2017, no. 4 (October 1, 2017): 271–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/popets-2017-0049.
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Abstract A considerable and growing fraction of servers, especially of web servers, is hosted in compute clouds. In this paper we opportunistically leverage this trend to improve privacy of clients from network attackers residing between the clients and the cloud: We design a system that can be deployed by the cloud operator to prevent a network adversary from determining which of the cloud’s tenant servers a client is accessing. The core innovation in our design is a PoPSiCl (pronounced “popsicle”), a persistent pseudonym for a tenant server that can be used by a single client to access the server, whose real identity is protected by the cloud from both passive and active network attackers. When instantiated for TLS-based access to web servers, our design works with all major browsers and requires no additional client-side software and minimal changes to the client user experience. Moreover, changes to tenant servers can be hidden in supporting software (operating systems and web-programming frameworks) without imposing on web-content development. Perhaps most notably, our system boosts privacy with minimal impact to web-browsing performance, after some initial setup during a user’s first access to each web server.
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McWilliam, Carol L., Moira Stewart, Evelyn Vingilis, Jeffrey Hoch, Catherine Ward-Griffin, Allan Donner, Gina Browne, Peter Coyte, and Karen Anderson. "Flexible Client-Driven In-Home Case Management: An Option to Consider." Care Management Journals 5, no. 2 (June 2004): 73–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/cmaj.5.2.73.66281.
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Changes in health services and care needs have created high demand for case management of in-home services. To address this challenge, several models of case management have been used. Evaluations to date suggest that clients need different approaches for different circumstances at different times to optimize cost-effectiveness. Accordingly, one Canadian home care program adopted flexible client-driven case management, engaging clients as partners in flexibly selecting either an integrated team, consumer-managed or brokerage model of case management in keeping with their preferences and abilities. Using an exploratory, multimeasure quasi-experimental design, a generic model of program evaluation, and both quantitative and qualitative methods, researchers identified challenges in implementing this intervention, policy impediments the clients characteristically in each of the three case management models, and client, provider, and caregiver outcomes of flexible, client-driven care. While further longitudinal investigation is needed, findings suggest several important considerations for those interested in this option for care management. Alternative case management models do attract different client groups, and having a choice does not alter care costs or outcomes. Flexible client-driven case management may be experienced positively by case managers and other providers.
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Sanders, Sara, Jodi Jacobson, and Laura Ting. "Reactions of Mental Health Social Workers following a Client Suicide Completion: A Qualitative Investigation." OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 51, no. 3 (November 2005): 197–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/d3kh-ebx6-y70p-tugn.
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The impact of client suicidal behavior on mental health social workers is slowly receiving increased empirical attention. This qualitative study examined the impact of client suicide on social workers. Results indicate that social workers experience multiple personal and professional reactions immediately following a client suicide completion. Long-term effects, such as the continual experience of emotional reactions and permanent behavior changes, including changing practice strategies, are also reported. The results of this study have significant implications for the preparation of social workers and other mental health therapists for practice with suicidal clients.
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Pratama, Juniyaska Hari, Ninuk Dwi Kurniati, and Abu Bakar. "PENGARUH KOMUNIKASI TERAPEUTIK TERHADAP HARGA DIRI KLIEN DENGAN GAGAL GINJAL KRONIS." Fundamental and Management Nursing Journal 1, no. 1 (February 25, 2019): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/fmnj.v1i1.12129.
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Introduction: Chronic renal failure is clinical syndrome caused by declining renal function, lasting progressively and irreversible. Physical change due to organ function decline will affect client psychologicaly and socially. These changes cause self esteem disorder where client tend to use maladaptive coping with manifestation of frequent irritating, angry, anxiety, and depression. Therapeutic communication between nurse and client that lead to client healing process which planned in conscious, purposive manner and this activity is centered on client. Method: This research used quasi experimental. Total sample in this research was 12 clients with chronic renal failure that meet inclusion criteria grouped in two groups: treatment group and control group. Independent variable was therapeutic communication while dependent variable was self esteem. In this research data analysis used was Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test with significance α ≤ 0,05 and Mann Whitney Test with significance α ≤0,05. Result: Result obtained after therapeutic communication intervention provided was p = 0,002 where there is significant difference on client self esteem before and after therapeutic communication intervention given. Result showed that there is significant difference between treatment group and comparative group with p = 0.026. Discussion: It is concluded that therapeutic communication has effect on improving self esteem in client with chronic renal failure. Therapeutic communication helps client to express his/her feeling and problems clients self esteem were improved.
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Danilovich, Margaret, Laura Diaz, Lara Boyken, Amy Eisenstein, and Rebecca Johnson. "Improving the Relationship of Medicaid Home and Community-Based Services Home Care Aides and Clients Through Health Interviewing." Journal of Applied Gerontology 39, no. 7 (July 17, 2019): 778–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0733464819863915.
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Medicaid home and community-based services (HCBS) care plans should be person-centered, yet there is little research on how to ascertain this information in practice. The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of a home care aide (HCA)–led health interview with clients during usual HCBS. We provided interview training, and HCAs ( n = 21) conducted five interviews with one client each using a card sort methodology to elicit client care preferences. HCAs audio-recorded interviews and photographed card sorts for analysis. We used a mixed-methods approach of semistructured interviews and focus groups with clients and HCAs to evaluate the health interviewing experience and client surveys of Your Health Orientation, Willingness to Communicate, and PROMIS (Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System) global health and HCA surveys of the Active Empathetic Listening Scale. We used t tests to investigate changes in survey outcomes pre and post interviews. Results show HCAs can conduct health interviews, and doing so contributes new knowledge on client preferences for care. Clients desire HCAs who provide empathy, compassion, and motivation, and HCAs felt interviewing clients helped them to better understand their care recipient’s needs.
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Miller, William R., and Kathy A. Mount. "A SMALL STUDY OF TRAINING IN MOTIVATIONAL INTERVIEWING: DOES ONE WORKSHOP CHANGE CLINICIAN AND CLIENT BEHAVIOR?" Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy 29, no. 4 (October 2001): 457–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1352465801004064.
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Professional training in motivational interviewing, as on many other topics, is often delivered via a one-time clinical workshop. To what extent do practitioners actually acquire skillfulness through such training? Twenty-two counselors participated in training, of whom 15 completed a study of changes in practice behavior up to 4 months after a motivational interviewing workshop. In addition to self-report questionnaires, they provided taped practice samples before and after training, which were coded for counselor and client behavior. On paper-and-pencil measures, participants reported large increases in motivational interviewing skills. Observational measures reflected more modest changes in practice behavior that were often retained 4 months after training. Clients, however, did not show the response changes that have been found to be predictive of better outcomes with motivational interviewing. While practice behavior changed to a statistically significant extent, the effect of training was apparently not large enough to make a difference in client response. Possible implications for training and quality control of psychotherapies are considered.
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Lindqvist, Janne, Essi Vehmersalo, Miika Komu, and Jukka Manner. "Enterprise Network Packet Filtering for Mobile Cryptographic Identities." International Journal of Handheld Computing Research 1, no. 1 (January 2010): 79–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jhcr.2010090905.
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Firewalls are an essential component of the Internet and enterprise network security policy enforcement today. The configurations of enterprise firewalls are typically rather static. Even if client’s IP addresses can be dynamically added to the packet filtering rules, the services allowed through the firewall are commonly still fixed. In this paper, we present a transparent firewall configuration solution based on mobile cryptographic identifiers of Host Identity Protocol (HIP). HIP allows a client to protect the data transfer with IPsec ESP, and supports dynamic address changes for mobile clients. The HIP-based firewall learns the identity of a client when it communicates with the server over HIP. The firewall configures the necessary rules based on HIP control messages passing through the firewall. The solution is secure and flexible, and introduces only minimal latency to the initial HIP connection establishment.
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Chen, Shimin, Sunny Y. J. Sun, and Donghui Wu. "Client Importance, Institutional Improvements, and Audit Quality in China: An Office and Individual Auditor Level Analysis." Accounting Review 85, no. 1 (January 1, 2010): 127–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/accr.2010.85.1.127.
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ABSTRACT: This study examines how the legal and regulatory changes in China affect the relationship between client economic importance and audit quality. At the individual auditor level, we find that the propensity to issue modified audit opinions (MAOs) is negatively correlated with client importance from 1995 to 2000. However, from 2001 to 2004, when the institutional environment became more investor-friendly, the propensity to issue MAOs is positively associated with client importance. These findings are corroborated by an analysis of regulatory sanctions. Although client importance measured at the office level is also negatively related to the propensity for MAOs from 1995 to 2000 without controlling for the auditor-level client importance, this result is sensitive to model specification and sample composition. Our results suggest that (1) institutional improvements prompt auditors to prioritize the costs of compromising quality over the economic benefits gained from important clients; and (2) the impact of client importance on audit decisions appears to be different at the individual auditor and office levels.
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Oster, Candice, Adrian Schoo, John Litt, Andrea Morello, Richard Leibbrandt, Christopher Antonello, David Powers, Belinda Lange, Anthony Maeder, and Sharon Lawn. "Supporting workforce practice change: protocol for a pilot study of a motivational interviewing virtual client software tool for health professionals." BMJ Open 10, no. 2 (February 2020): e033080. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-033080.
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IntroductionMotivating behavioural change during client consultations is of crucial importance across all health professions to address the growing burden of chronic conditions. Yet health professionals often lack the skills and confidence to use evidence-based counselling interventions to support clients’ behavioural change and mobilise clients’ resources and self-efficacy for change to address their long-term needs.AimsThis pre–post pilot study will develop a motivational interviewing (MI) virtual client training tool for health professionals and test the effectiveness of the educational content and usability of the virtual client interaction.Methods and analysisPostgraduate students across a range of health disciplines will be recruited. Data assessing attitudes towards preventive healthcare will be collected using a modified version of the Preventive Medicine Attitudes and Activities Questionnaire. Conversations with the virtual client will be analysed using the Motivational Interviewing Treatment Integrity code to assess changes in MI skills. The System Usability Scale will be used to assess the usability of the virtual client training tool.Ethics and disseminationThis protocol was approved by the Flinders University Social and Behavioural Research Ethics Committee in May 2019. The results of the pilot study will inform the development of an avatar-based mobile application consisting of MI teaching and interactions with a generic virtual client that can be easily adapted to multiple scenarios.
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Chadwick, Simon. "Client-driven Change - the Impact of Changes in Client needs on the Research Industry." International Journal of Market Research 48, no. 4 (July 2006): 391–414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/147078530604800404.
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Bagranoff, Nancy, Jean C. Bedard, Don W. Finn, Steven M. Glover, William R. Kinney, Ira Solomon, and Kevin Stocks. "Response of the American Accounting Association Task Force to the AICPA’s Proposed Revision of Ethics Ruling No. 2." Current Issues in Auditing 4, no. 1 (January 1, 2010): C1—C9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/ciia.2010.4.1.c1.
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SUMMARY: Recently, the Professional Ethics Executive Committee (PEEC) of the AICPA released an exposure draft proposing changes in professional standards regarding release of client data. The proposal would prohibit disclosure of “confidential client information” to third parties without client permission, even if unidentifiable. This article outlines the comments of an American Accounting Association (AAA) Task Force convened to analyze the proposal. The Task Force was concerned that the proposed ruling would impede audit research and sharing of audit-process-related information about unidentified (and unidentifiable) clients in the classroom—either of which would be contrary to the interests of the profession and the public.
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Fearing, Virginia G., Mary Law, and Jo Clark. "An Occupational Performance Process Model: Fostering client and Therapist Alliances." Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy 64, no. 1 (April 1997): 7–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000841749706400103.
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Occupational therapists, known for their ability to coach others through difficult changes, now find themselves in changing environments that include clients' desire for participation in service delivery, and the need for evidence of the outcome of occupational therapy intervention. This paper proposes a process model that is based on core concepts of occupation and client-centred practice, that incorporates theoretical approaches, and can be applied to all clients. The process model coaches the occupational therapist through a client-centred problemsolving process. It represents a description or plan for occupational therapy assessment and intervention that leads to a collaborative approach to client-identified occupational performance issues. Examples of the application of the process to occupational therapy practice are included. This model helps to articulate core concepts and values, and provides guidance for occupational therapy practice within changing environments and expectations.
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Paul, M. John, and S. Muthumani. "CRM – A force for Service Innovation in Indian banking Industry with reference to new generation Banks in Chennai." Restaurant Business 118, no. 3 (March 12, 2019): 153–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.26643/rb.v118i3.7638.
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Our Indian financial industry is giving chances to advancements even with constant endeavors at improving budgetary administrations through the innovative improvement in present day field independent of nationalized and modernized banks in India. The greatest test of banks is that gauge the need of clients and edges the administration advancement effectively. The financial segment has been developing at a quick level in India and tested with client desires, mechanical change and changing the method of activities. The advanced Technology has been assuming a crucial job in the colossal improvement of banking administrations .In the new decade of Banks were encountered a continued development by broadening their client system and client relationship the executives for contending others in the worldwide condition. These mind blowing innovational developments are a motor for animating the improvements and keep up the client reinforcement because of accomplishment. This successful CRM practices is playing as a determined of changing client need s into item and administration advancement by quickening the financial business. The dissemination of data from the dependable client would give more proposal to acquire the advancements quality administration process. The paper is meant to discover the impact and significance of administration developments in banks by the predominance CRM rehearses and the wellsprings of data that brings colossal changes by a compelling administration advancements and greatness conveyance in the new age banks.
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del Barrio-García, Salvador, and Teodoro Luque-Martínez. "The Value of Client Perceptions in University Strategic Planning: An Empirical Research Study." Industry and Higher Education 23, no. 6 (December 2009): 423–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5367/000000009790156391.
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Given the normative changes in higher education at European, national and regional levels, together with social, economic, demographic and technological developments, universities need to adopt a client-oriented approach and to make this client orientation an integral component of their strategic planning process. The university's ‘clients’ should thus be involved in its strategic planning. This paper demonstrates how an importance–performance analysis applied to the perceptions of different groups of clients and stakeholders about the institution can be an effective tool in this regard. The proposed methodology will assist managers, and those responsible for university planning, to diagnose the internal situation of the institution by building matrices of points of excellence and deficiencies. In illustrating the effectiveness of this methodology, the authors stress the need for higher education institutions to move from a product orientation, based on the notion that the institution is best able to decide what its clients need, to a client orientation, based on knowledge of who its clients are and on a detailed investigation of their needs and interests.
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AGHA, SOHAIL, ANASTASIA GAGE, and ASMA BALAL. "CHANGES IN PERCEPTIONS OF QUALITY OF, AND ACCESS TO, SERVICES AMONG CLIENTS OF A FRACTIONAL FRANCHISE NETWORK IN NEPAL." Journal of Biosocial Science 39, no. 3 (May 2007): 341–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002193200600174x.
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Summary.With declining levels of international donor funding for financing reproductive health programmes, developing country governments and international donors are looking towards private sector strategies to expand the supply of quality reproductive health services. One of the challenges of a health franchise is to improve the quality of services provided by independent private practitioners. Private providers are more likely to abide by the quality standards set by a franchiser if they see a financial benefit resulting from franchise participation. This study was conducted to measure whether (a) there were improvements in perceived quality of care and perceived access to health facilities once these facilities became part of a franchise and (b) improvements in perceived quality and perceived access were associated with increased client loyalty to franchised clinics. Franchisees were given basic reproductive health training for seven days and services marketing training for two days. Exit interviews were conducted with male and female clients at health facilities. A pre-test measurement was taken in April 2001, prior to the start of project activities. A post-test measurement was taken in February/March 2002, about 9 months after the pre-test. Multilevel regression analysis, which takes the hierarchical structure of the data into account, was used for the analysis. After taking provider-level variation into account and controlling for client characteristics, the analyses showed significant improvements in perceived quality of care and perceived access to services. Private provider participation in a franchise network helps improve client perceptions of quality of, and access to, services. Improvements in client perceptions of quality and access contribute to increased client loyalty to franchised clinics. Once increased client loyalty translates into higher client volumes, providers are likely to see the benefits of franchise participation. In turn, this should lead to increased provider willingness to remain part of the franchise and to abide by the standards of quality set by the franchiser.
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Wilkins, Seanne, Nancy Pollock, Sarah Rochon, and Mary Law. "Implementing Client-Centred Practice: Why is it so Difficult to Do?" Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy 68, no. 2 (April 2001): 70–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000841740106800203.
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This paper explores the challenges of implementing client-centred occupational therapy practice. While many occupational therapists believe in the principles of client-centred practice and espouse them, it seems much more difficult to implement these into everyday practice. Findings from three qualitative studies with three different populations (i.e., family-centred care for children and their families, community-based home care, facility-based care for older adults) are used to illustrate the challenges which are divided into three broad categories: challenges at the level of the system, at the level of the therapist and at the level of the client. Suggestions for change at each level are addressed. Organizations, therapists and clients must work together to facilitate these changes and ensure that each occupational therapy client receives respectful, supportive, coordinated, flexible and individualized service.
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Davis, Martha, and Dean Hadiks. "Nonverbal behavior and client state changes during psychotherapy." Journal of Clinical Psychology 46, no. 3 (May 1990): 340–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1097-4679(199005)46:3<340::aid-jclp2270460315>3.0.co;2-1.
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Ainsworth, Frank. "Program evaluation for child and family services: What can be done?" Children Australia 23, no. 2 (1998): 39–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1035077200008622.
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This article is about program evaluation for child and family services. It sets out to offer some basic frameworks for thinking about program evaluation and about the issue of program effectiveness. A rationale for the emphasis on effectiveness is identified and then linked to three areas of possible measurement. These areas, changes in user/client condition, quality of services provided and user/client satisfaction, are then considered in more detail. Finally, it is argued that service users/clients will gain from program evaluation exercises. The evaluation of services contributes potentially to an improvement in the effectiveness of child and family services so service users/clients obtain benefit from such evaluations.
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SURLAN, Nebojsa, Zoran CEKIC, and Zeljko TORBICA. "USE OF VALUE MANAGEMENT WORKSHOPS AND CRITICAL. SUCCESS FACTORS IN INTRODUCING LOCAL EXPERIENCE ON THE. INTERNATIONAL CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS." JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 22, no. 8 (December 16, 2015): 1021–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2014.945950.
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Critical success factors can be used in value management workshops to determine the client value system, which in turn is critically important to the briefing process and the successful delivery of construction projects. This research is concerned with international construction projects. In particular, it investigates the impact of local knowledge on the client value system. Workshops were organised on 12 international projects in the western Balkans region. The initial client value system was captured by using a paired comparison exercise. Next, local knowledge information was introduced, and the EFTE (Estimate-Feedback-Talk-Estimate) technique was used to capture the revised client value system. The changes in the two sets of client value systems were analysed. The results indicate that 4 parameters (Scope, Contract-admin, Human resources and Health and Safety) out of 8 changed and that the changes were statistically significant. Local knowledge can be used to impact client value system.
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Womack, Jennifer L. "The Relationship Between Client-Centered Goal-Setting and Treatment Outcomes." Perspectives on Neurophysiology and Neurogenic Speech and Language Disorders 22, no. 1 (April 2012): 28–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/nnsld22.1.28.
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Shifting definitions of health and well-being, prompted by the World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning (2001), have stimulated changes in traditional clinician-client relationships in rehabilitation. Among these changes, in keeping with the concept of client-centered care, is a trend toward more collaborative goal-setting and joint determination of intervention plans. Evidence suggests that supporting clients' autonomy in prioritizing personally meaningful goals leads to increased engagement in intervention, less emotional anxiety about the rehabilitation process, and improved treatment outcomes. Supporting people with aphasia in a process of collaborative goal formulation may also serve to alter treatment priorities so that they address more relevant communication challenges embedded in post-rehabilitation life.
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Danilovich, Margaret, Rebecca E. Johnson, Laura Diaz, and Lara Boyken. "HEALTH INTERVIEWING IMPROVES THE MEDICAID HOME AND COMMUNITY-BASED SERVICES HOME CARE AIDE-CLIENT RELATIONSHIP." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S134—S135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.489.
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Abstract We investigated the feasibility of a Medicaid Home and Community-based Services home care aide (HCA) led health interview with clients (n=21) during usual care services provided by a single provider. We provided interview training in English and Spanish and HCAs (n=21) conducted five interviews using a card sort methodology to elicit client care preferences. The interviews consisted of five topics relative to care: 1) food and drink, 2) physical activity and mobility, 3) self-care, 4) home environment, and 5) how I spend my time. HCAs audio-recorded interviews and photographed card sorts for analysis. We conducted semi-structured interviews by telephone with clients and focus groups with HCAs, to evaluate the health interviewing experience. We transcribed interview recordings and evaluated fidelity to the health interview script. We administered the Your Health Orientation, Willingness to Communicate, and PROMIS-global health to clients and the Active Empathetic Listening Scale to HCAs. We used t-tests to investigate changes in survey outcomes pre and post interviews. Results show it is feasible to train English and Spanish speaking HCAs in a simple, health interviewing technique to elicit care preferences from clients. Doing so contributes new knowledge on client preferences. Clients desire HCAs who provide empathy, compassion, and motivation, and HCAs observed that interviewing clients helped them to better understand their care recipient’s needs. Future work should determine how embedding health communications training as part of orientation to client care, would influence HCA retention rates, as well as modify client health outcomes.
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Saum, Christine A., Daniel J. O'Connell, Steven S. Martin, Matthew L. Hiller, Grant A. Bacon, and D. Dwayne Simpson. "Tempest in a TC." Criminal Justice and Behavior 34, no. 9 (September 2007): 1168–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0093854807304349.
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Corrections officials frequently use private contractors to operate in-prison, therapeutic community (TC) treatment programs. However, the recurrent competitive bidding process inherent in state agencies contracting for services sometimes results in a treatment-provider change. Few studies have focused on whether this change leads to better or worse treatment motivation and engagement for clients and how it might be evaluated. Using data collected during the larger Criminal Justice Drug Abuse Treatment Studies Performance Indicators for Corrections study, quantitative assessments of client functioning were made at two points in time. Changing to new treatment providers in three in-prison TC treatment facilities caused significant disruptions, leading to decreased client—counselor rapport and peer support as well as lower levels of treatment readiness, participation, and satisfaction of clients. Qualitative client and staff interviews provided further insight relevant for correctional administrators and treatment providers who may be considering similar changes. General recommendations for provider transition planning are offered.
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Jia, Yaoqi, Guangdong Bai, Prateek Saxena, and Zhenkai Liang. "Anonymity in Peer-assisted CDNs: Inference Attacks and Mitigation." Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies 2016, no. 4 (October 1, 2016): 294–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/popets-2016-0041.
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Abstract The peer-assisted CDN is a new content distribution paradigm supported by CDNs (e.g., Akamai), which enables clients to cache and distribute web content on behalf of a website. Peer-assisted CDNs bring significant bandwidth savings to website operators and reduce network latency for users. In this work, we show that the current designs of peer-assisted CDNs expose clients to privacy-invasive attacks, enabling one client to infer the set of browsed resources of another client. To alleviate this, we propose an anonymous peer-assisted CDN (APAC), which employs content delivery while providing initiator anonymity (i.e., hiding who sends the resource request) and responder anonymity (i.e., hiding who responds to the request) for peers. APAC can be a web service, compatible with current browsers and requiring no client-side changes. Our anonymity analysis shows that our APAC design can preserve a higher level of anonymity than state-of-the-art peer-assisted CDNs. In addition, our evaluation demonstrates that APAC can achieve desired performance gains.
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Brink, Nicholas E. "The Power Struggle of Workers' Compensation - Strategies for Intervention." Journal of Applied Rehabilitation Counseling 20, no. 1 (March 1, 1989): 25–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0047-2220.20.1.25.
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Workers' compensation clients frequently experience more pain than other similarly injured individuals. Moving ones attention away from pain increases the ability to control pain. Feelings of threat may prevent such distraction from pain. When the employer or insurance agent accuses the workers' compensation client of malingering, the feelings of threat intensify the pain. To overcome such a power struggle and to access techniques to deal with pain, the client needs to accept the disability and then find a life style to maximize effectiveness. Such changes can be facilitated through metaphor and imagery.
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Payne, Graeme Edward, and Greg Fisher. "Consumer-directed care and the relational triangle." Employee Relations: The International Journal 41, no. 3 (April 1, 2019): 436–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/er-06-2017-0130.
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PurposeFollowing a recent government initiated change to a consumer-directed care model across the Australian community aged care sector, the purpose of this paper is to explore frontline home support workers’ perceptions of relational changes with clients in power and subordination within the triadic relationship between employer, employee and client.Design/methodology/approachContextual interviews were held with managers (n=4), coordinators (n=10) and semi-structured face-to-face interviews with support workers (n=17) in three organizations. Interview transcripts were analyzed.FindingsSome workers did not perceive a power change in their relationships with clients. Others perceived minimal change but were concerned about the incoming client generation (baby boomers) that were more aware of their rights. Others felt subordinated to the client, perceived a loss of control or that felt treated like an employee of the client. Consistent with the philosophy of consumer-directed care, senior staff encouraged clients to treat workers in this way.Research limitations/implicationsFurther research is recommended on worker and client perceptions of relationships within the context of a consumer or client focused model.Practical implicationsA clear and realistic understanding of the locus of power within a triadic relationship by all actors is important for positive workplace outcomes.Social implicationsThe increasing ageing population makes it essential that workers’ relationships with clients and with their organization are unambiguous.Originality/valueThis study makes a contribution to theories about change and power transfer in the implementation of consumer-directed care through the perceptions of support workers. Examination of power and subordination transfer through the perceptions of the actors of rather than through the prism of organizational policy deepens the understanding of frontline service work and relationships.
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Zhang, Hang, and Qingbao Liu. "Online Learning Method for Drift and Imbalance Problem in Client Credit Assessment." Symmetry 11, no. 7 (July 8, 2019): 890. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym11070890.
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Machine learning algorithms have been widely used in the field of client credit assessment. However, few of the algorithms have focused on and solved the problems of concept drift and class imbalance. Due to changes in the macroeconomic environment and markets, the relationship between client characteristics and credit assessment results may change over time, causing concept drift in client credit assessments. Moreover, client credit assessment data are naturally asymmetric and class imbalanced because of the screening of clients. Aiming at solving the joint research issue of concept drift and class imbalance in client credit assessments, in this paper, a novel sample-based online learning ensemble (SOLE) for client credit assessment is proposed. A novel multiple time scale ensemble classifier and a novel sample-based online class imbalance learning procedure are proposed to handle the potential concept drift and class imbalance in the client credit assessment data streams. The experiments are carried out on two real-world client credit assessment cases, which present a comprehensive comparison between the proposed SOLE and other state-of-the-art online learning algorithms. In addition, the base classifier preference and the computing resource consumption of all the comparative algorithms are tested. In general, SOLE achieves a better performance than other methods using fewer computing resources. In addition, the results of the credit scoring model and the Kolmogorov–Smirnov (KS) test also prove that SOLE has good practicality in actual client credit assessment applications.
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LAGER, TORBJÖRN, and JAN WIELEMAKER. "Pengines: Web Logic Programming Made Easy." Theory and Practice of Logic Programming 14, no. 4-5 (July 2014): 539–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1471068414000192.
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AbstractWhen developing a (web) interface for a deductive database, functionality required by the client is provided by means of HTTP handlers that wrap the logical data access predicates. These handlers are responsible for converting between client and server data representations and typically include options for paginating results. Designing the web accessible API is difficult because it is hard to predict the exact requirements of clients. Pengines changes this picture. The client provides a Prolog program that selects the required data by accessing the logical API of the server. The pengine infrastructure provides general mechanisms for converting Prolog data and handling Prolog non-determinism. The Pengines library is small (2000 lines Prolog, 150 lines JavaScript). It greatly simplifies defining an AJAX based client for a Prolog program and provides non-deterministic RPC between Prolog processes as well as interaction with Prolog engines similar to Paul Tarau's engines. Pengines are available as a standard package for SWI-Prolog 7.1
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van Netten, Jaap J., Anthony Francis, Ashley Morphet, Lauren V. Fortington, Klaas Postema, and Anita Williams. "Communication techniques for improved acceptance and adherence with therapeutic footwear." Prosthetics and Orthotics International 41, no. 2 (June 8, 2016): 201–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309364616650080.
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Background and aim: Clients’ acceptance and adherence with orthoses can be influenced by a clinician’s communication skills. In this clinical note, we describe two communication techniques, in the context of therapeutic footwear. Technique: Person-centred communication involves engaging with and listening to the attitudes of the client towards their condition, as well as discussing acceptance and expectations, in a structured consultation. Building a relationship is crucial and requires clients to feel heard and understood. An important influence on the acceptance and adherence is that a client makes a conscious decision to receive their device. This active receipt can be facilitated through shared decision making, wherein clinicians give clear, relevant and meaningful examples, based on clinical evidence, and ensure this is understood. Discussion: Two communication techniques for clinicians providing therapeutic footwear are described. These can be adapted for use with provision of other assistive technologies to improve client acceptance and adherence. Clinical relevance Small changes in how clinicians communicate to their clients in daily practice can have a big influence on the subsequent acceptance and adherence with therapeutic footwear and indeed other prescribed assistive technologies.
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Ferreira, Manuel Portugal, Sungu Armagan, and Dan Li. "Vertical integration for full outsourcing: growth and internationalization of a portuguese packaging firm." Revista Eletrônica de Estratégia & Negócios 1, no. 1 (June 24, 2008): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.19177/reen.v1e1200810-29.
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Based on a case study of a Portuguese packaging firm, this paper examines how vertical integration of the supplier serves as a vehicle for the full outsourcing of the client firms'needs in a solution that reduces transaction costs, favors specialization, and permits small and medium‐sized firms to develop competencies that may be exploited in a wide array of projects. Vertical integration by the supplier (a governance decision) is a strategic response to changes in the sourcing model of the clients. Client‐supplier relationships have inter‐spatial and inter‐temporal value that surpasses spot market exchanges.